川木通红外光谱指纹图谱的建立及其与相近中药的鉴别_高姗姗

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川木通红外光谱指纹图谱的建立

及其与相近中药的鉴别

高姗姗1,李建蕊1,2,吴方斌1,韦学敏1,卞金辉1*,陈建波4

程世琼3,孙素琴4,吕光华

1*

(1.成都中医药大学药学院中药材标准化教育部重点实验室中药资源系统研究与

开发利用省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,四川成都611137;

2.珀金埃尔默企业管理(上海)有限公司,四川成都610016;

3.四川省食品药品检验检测院,四川成都610097;

4.清华大学化学系分析中心,北京100084)

[摘要]川木通为常用的利尿通淋药;因多来源于野生药材,性状特征差异大,有效成分及特征性成分不明,难以鉴别。为了建立准确鉴别川木通的方法,该研究收集了24份川木通和7份相近中药木通和关木通样品,利用傅里叶变换红外光谱技术测

定4000 400cm -1

的一维和二维相关红外光谱。首先随机选取20份川木通样品为校正集样品,发现其红外光谱的峰形、峰

位、峰强相似,相关系数大于0.9943;以其模拟平均红外光谱为指纹图谱,其特征峰位于3412,2932,1739,1639,1509,1456,1426,1376,1332,1261,1159,1035,897,609cm -1等。然后,根据统计学的“3σ规则”,计算用红外光谱相关系数判别川木通真伪的域值(Mean -3σ=0.9926)。再用另外4份川木通样品、

4份关木通和3份木通样品检验该指纹图谱鉴别川木通的效果。结果表明,这4份川木通的红外光谱均与指纹图谱相似,相关系数也大于域值而判别为川木通;而关木通和木通与川木通的指纹图谱明显不同,相关系数均小于域值而判别为非川木通。进一步比较了川木通、木通、关木通的二维相关红外光谱,

发现自动峰和交叉峰数目、位置、强度等特征均不同。由此可见,建立的川木通红外光谱指纹图谱可用于川木通的真伪鉴别,为川木通提供了一种简便、快速鉴别的新方法。

[关键词]川木通;关木通;木通;红外光谱;指纹图谱;相关系数;鉴别

[收稿日期]2015-09-11

[基金项目]国家基础科学人才培养基金项目(J1310034-02);四川省科技计划项目(2014SZ0071)[通信作者]

*

吕光华,教授,主要从事中药鉴定及资源利用,Tel :(028)61800232,E-mail :lughcd@ ;*卞金辉,副教授,主要从事中

药分析研究,

Tel :(028)61800127,E-mail :bianjinhui1975@ [作者简介]高姗姗,硕士研究生,

E-mail :shan_gao@ Development of FTIRfingerprint for identification of armand clematis stem

(Chuanmutong )and related herbs

GAO Shan-shan 1,LI Jian-rui 1,2,WU Fang-bin 1,WEI Xue-min 1,BIAN Jin-hui 1*,CHEN Jian-bo 4,

CHENG Shi-qiong 3,SUN Su-qin 4,LV Guang-hua 1*

(1.Key Laboratory of Education Ministry in China for Standardization of Chinese Materia Medica ,School of

Pharmacy ,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine ,Chengdu 611137,China ;

2.Perkin Elmer Instruments (Shanghai )Co .,Ltd .,Chengdu 610016,China ;

3.Sichuan Provincial Institute for Food and Drug Control ,Chengdu 610097,China ;

4.Department of Chemistry ,Tsinghua University ,Beijing 100084,China )

Abstract ]Armand clematis stem (Clematidis Armandii Caulis ,Chuanmutong )is a widely used Chinese herb to disinhibit urine and relieve stranguria.It is difficult to be identified owing to its various macroscopic feature and unknown characteristic compounds.

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Thus,total of24Chuanmutong samples and7related herbs including four manshurian aristolochia stem(Aristolochiae Manshuriensis Caulis,Guanmutong)and three akebia stem(Akebiae Caulis,Mutong)samples were collected and analyzed in the range of4000-400cm-1by Fourier Transform Infrared(FTIR)and two-dimensional infrared correlation spectroscopy(2D-FTIR)techniques.The FTIRspectra of24Chuanmutong samples are consistent in the spectrum profiles,position and intensity of characteristic peaks.20of the24Chuanmutong samples were randomly selected as calibration samples to calculate and simulate mean spectrum.This mean spec-trum is named as FTIRfingerprint of Chuanmutong with characteristic peaks at3412,2932,1739,1639,1509,1456,1426,1376,1332,1261,1159,1035,897,609cm-1.Meanwhile,the limited level(Mean-3σ=0.9926)to identify true or false Chuanmutong by correlation coefficient of FTIRspectra was calculated based on the20Chuanmutong calibration samples.Then,the rest4Chuanmutong,4Guanmutong and3Mutong samples were used as validation samples to evaluate the identification efficacy.The result shows that the FTIRspectra of4Chuanmutong validation samples were similar to the fingerprint.Their correlation coefficients of FTIRspectra were over the limited level and accepted as Chuanmutong.However,the spectra of Guanmutong and Mutong were signifi-cantly different from Chuanmutong fingerprint.The correlation coefficients of Guanmutong(0.9021-0.9404,n=4)and Mutong (0.9549-0.9789,n=3)FTIRspectra were less than the limited level and rejected from Chuanmutong.Furthermore,the number,position and intensity of auto-peaks on the2D-FTIRwere drastically different among the three herbs.It is concluded that the developed FTIRfingerprinting can be rapidly and accurately identify Chuanmutong and differentiate from related herbs.

[Key words]Clematidis Armandii Caulis;manshurian aristolochia stem;akebia stem;Fourier transform infrared;fingerprint;cor-relation coefficient;identification

doi:10.4268/cjcmm20160820

川木通为常用中药,具有利尿通淋,清心除烦,通经下乳之功效;来源于毛茛科植物小木通Clema-tis armandii Franch.或绣球藤C.montana Buch.-Ham.的干燥藤茎[1-2]。由于川木通多为野生药材,再加上地方习用品等原因,导致商品川木通的品种混淆、混用[3-4]。尤其是川木通与木通、关木通混淆。这3种相近中药曾经称为“木通类”中药,其功效或临床应用不同,原植物也不相同。中药木通来源于木通科植物木通Akebia quinata(Thunb.)Decne.、三叶木通A.trifoliate(Thunb.)Koidz.和白木通A.trifoliate(Thunb.)Koidz.var.australis(Diels)Rehd.的干燥藤茎,也是《中国药典》收载的中药品种[1-2]。虽然其有效成分、药理作用和主治功能与川木通相近,但临床应用各有侧重,区别使用[5]。关木通曾收载于2000年版《中国药典》中,来源于马兜铃科植物东北马兜铃Aristolochia manshuriensis Kom.的干燥藤茎;因其产量高,曾经是“木通类”中药的主要品种[6]。但因关木通含马兜铃酸类成分,具有肾脏毒性[7-8],于2003年被国家药品监督管理局禁用[9]。并且,世界上许多国家严禁使用含马兜铃酸类成分的药物[10]。因此,川木通与木通、关木通不能混用。然而,在2010年版和2015年版《中国药典》中,川木通既无真伪鉴别的特征性成分,又无质量评价的指标性成分,难以保证川木通品种的准确性和中医药的临床疗效。因此,亟待通过研究,建立准确、快速鉴别川木通的新方法。

红外光谱是物质中分子的吸收光谱,能反映样品的化学成分信息。不同中药的化学成分不同,其红外光谱也不同,各具指纹特征。并且,红外光谱具有操作简便、快速的优点,能有效地鉴定和控制中药的质量[11-12]。同时,二维相关红外光谱(two-dimen-sional infrared correlation spectroscopy,2D-FTIR)展现了外界扰动下产生的光谱特征,与常规红外光谱(一维红外光谱)相比,提供了更多的化学成分信息,具有更高的分辨率[13-14]。为此,本研究从不同产地和中药材市场收集了24份川木通样品及其7份相近中药(木通和关木通)样品;运用傅里叶变换红外光谱(Fourier transform infrared,FTIR)技术,测定一维红外光谱(以下称为“红外光谱”)和二维相关红外光谱。通过分析光谱特征,建立川木通红外光谱指纹图谱;并运用统计学分析,计算用红外光谱相关系数判断川木通真伪的域值。并进一步用木通和关木通检验川木通指纹图谱的鉴别作用;为川木通提供一种准确、快速的红外光谱鉴别方法。

1材料

1.1仪器及测定参数

傅里叶变换红外光谱仪为Spectrum One(美国PerkinElmer公司),DTGS检测器。YP-2压片机(上

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