USB Study Report
Study Report for 8D
Study Report for Eight-DisciplineWuXingqiDec,28th.08Realization for Eight-Discipline •Team Oriented Problem Solving-A standard method for solving problems from customers, production,and so on.•It is composed of Eight main parts.•It needs a whole plan which can carry into execution step by step.•There is always the danger of making a subjective judgement. Therefore action should be based on solid facts.The steps of Eight-DisciplineOriginal data evaluation If 8D be introducedBuild a team to solve problems A detailed account of what has been happened Advance and perform provisional remedy Search for the causes which led to a bad result Advance perdurable&ameliorative project Put the project in practice Action must be taken to prevent further accidents Finish. Congratulate the teamD0D1D2D3D4D5D6D7D8An imaginary example of how to use Eight-DisciplineD0☐客戶投訴公司產品比旋度未達標☐客戶要求回覆8DAn imaginary example of how to use Eight-DisciplineD1●及時響應客戶要求，著手成立對策小組●最高指導員(CHAMPION)-質管部總經理●指導員(LEADER)-質管部經理（具體負責人）●一般成員(MEMBERS)-QA（Quality Assurance）、QC（Quality Control）、PE （Production Engineer ）、WM（Warehouse-Man）An imaginary example of howto use Eight-DisciplineD2●What-客戶投訴用我公司的對羥酸為主要原料產品收率低●Where-批號為08的對羥酸比旋度未達標●When-客戶投訴時間以及我公司QC複檢時間●Who-QC●How-造成某客戶產品收率低，公司QA不能確保自08批對羥酸比旋度是否合格An imaginary example of how to use Eight-DisciplineD3對08批的對羥酸進行比旋度複檢example of how touse Eight-Discipline D4客戶投訴08批複檢檢驗儀器中間體品質原輔料品質設備動力部生產技術部采購部NG OK NGNGNG 第三方仲裁OKOK 供應商OK OKAn imaginary example of how to use Eight-DisciplineD5小組指導員對D4中NG部分提出改善計劃，報最高指導員確認可行性。
nRD24V1 USB Qualification Test Report
USB Certification ReportP age: 1|13S U B J E C T :nRD24H1D A TE :08 December 2006USB 2.0 Certification ReportCustomer: Device: Nordic Semiconductors nRD24H1 USBD0670 TIDxxx Vestre Rosten 81 7075 Tiller NorwaySupplier:Professional Multimedia Test CentreWetenschapspark 7 B-3590 DiepenbeekP age: 2|13Department : PMTC Device : Nordic Semiconductors nRD24H1 Web Site: Distribution:For External UseTable Of Contents1 Customer 32 Supplied Hardware and Software32.1 Assets 3 2.2 Software 3 2.3 Test Procedures33 Used measurement equipment by PMTC4 4 Summary of the performed test55 Results 65.1 Electrical 65.1.1 Upstream Full Speed Signal Quality 6 5.1.2 Inrush Current 9 5.2 Device Framework 10 5.2.1 USBCV Chapter 9 10 5.2.2 USBCV HID10 5.3 Power Measurements 11 5.3.1 Windows XP SP2 Media Center Power Measurement 11 5.3.1.1 Bus Powered mode 11 5.4 Back Voltage11 5.5 Gold Tree (Interoperability) 12 5.5.1 Windows XP SP2 Media Center Interoperability126 Other PMTC services13P age: 3|13Department : PMTC Device : Nordic Semiconductors nRD24H1 Web Site: Distribution:For External Use1 CustomerNordic Semiconductors Vestre Rosten 81 7075 Tiller NorwayTel : +47 72 89 89 00 Fax : +47 72 89 89 892 Supplied Hardware and Software2.1 AssetsDescription ManufacturerModelSerial #Device Under Test Nordic Semiconductors nRD24H1 EP3806. 129930-081 Remote Control Nordic Semiconductors nRF24L01EP4406. 131182-9322.2 SoftwareDescription VersionN.A. N.A.2.3 Test ProceduresLow/Full Speed Test Procedure High Speed Test Procedure1.3 N/AP age: 4|13Department : PMTC Device : Nordic Semiconductors nRD24H1 Web Site: Distribution:For External Use3 Used measurement equipment by PMTCDescriptionManufactureIdentitySerial NRCalibration dateCalibration due dateCurrent Probe Tektronix TCP202 B019512 16-Feb-2006 16-Feb-2007Probe Tektronix P6205 2600BCK 16-Feb-2006 16-Feb-2007Probe Tektronix P6205 2600BCJ 16-Feb-2006 16-Feb-2007Probe Tektronix P6205 2600BCC 16-Feb-2006 16-Feb-2007Digital real-timeOscilloscope Tektronix TDS654C B020448 14-Aug-2006 14-Aug-2007Digital Multimeter Agilent 34401A US36046603 17-Feb-2006 17-Feb-2007P age: 5|13Department : PMTC Device : Nordic Semiconductors nRD24H1 Web Site: Distribution:For External Use4 Summary of the performed testElectrical LegacySignal Quality Pass Inrush Pass Back Voltage PassDevice FrameworkUSBCV 1.3Beta Chapter 9 Pass USBCV 1.3Beta HID PassPower MeasurementsPower consumption Windows XP SP2 Media Center PassGold TreeInteroperability Windows XP SP2 Media Center PassP age: 6|13Department : PMTC Device : Nordic Semiconductors nRD24H1 Web Site: Distribution:For External Use5 Results5.1 Electrical5.1.1 Upstream Full Speed Signal QualityThe nRD24H1 passed the Full Speed Upstream Signal Quality test in Bus Powered mode.Signal EyeP age: 7|13Data and Common Mode VoltageWebSite : Distribution : For External UseP age: 8|13Department : PMTC Device : Nordic Semiconductors nRD24H1 Web Site: Distribution:For External UseComments:Overall result: pass!Signal eye:eye passesEOP width: 167.06nsEOP width passesReceivers: reliable operation on tier 6receivers passMeasured signaling rate: 12.0073MHzsignal rate passesCrossover voltage range: 1.64V to 1.71V, mean crossover 1.68V (first crossover at 1.70V, 10 other differential crossovers checked)crossover voltages passConsecutive jitter range: -324.886ps to 247.361ps, RMS jitter 175.423ps Paired JK jitter range: -276.905ps to 359.774ps, RMS jitter 253.570ps Paired KJ jitter range: -331.602ps to 321.041ps, RMS jitter 282.429psjitter passesP age: 9|13Department : PMTC Device :Nordic Semiconductors nRD24H1 Web Site: Distribution:For External Use5.1.2 Inrush CurrentThe measured Inrush current of the nRD24H1 is 5.966µC. The USB spec allows up to 10µF to be hard started, which represents an allowed load of approximately 50µC. With a measured load of 5.966µC, the nRD24H1 Passed the Inrush current test.Inrush CurrentP age: 10|13Department : PMTC Device : Nordic Semiconductors nRD24H1 Web Site: Distribution:For External Use5.2 Device FrameworkThe following tests where performed using the USBCV 1.3Beta test tool.5.2.1 USBCV Chapter 9The nRD24H1 Passed the Chapter 9 test of USBCV 1.3Beta.Chapter9 in mode Description Value Vendor ID 1915 Product ID b CFG ’s 1 Interfaces 1 USB Spec.2.0Max. Power 100 mA Result Pass 5.2.2 USBCV HIDThe nRD24H1 Passed the HID tets of USBCV 1.3BetaP age: 11|13Department : PMTC Device : Nordic Semiconductors nRD24H1 Web Site: Distribution:For External Use5.3 Power Measurements5.3.1 Windows XP SP2 Media Center Power MeasurementThe nRD24H1 passed the power measurement tests.5.3.1.1 Bus Powered modeDevice State Measurement Status Unconfigured State 37.8 mA Pass Configured State 26.9 mA Pass Operating State 26.6 mA Pass Suspended State 458 µA Pass Suspend supportYes5.4 Back VoltageThe nRD24H1 passed the Back Voltage test DC Voltage Before enumeration DC Voltage after enumeration and removal Vbus 0 mV 0 mV D+ 0 mV 0 mV D- 0 mV0 mVP age: 12|13Department : PMTC Device : Nordic Semiconductors nRD24H1 Web Site: Distribution:For External Use5.5 Gold Tree (Interoperability)For more information about the test guides used by PMTC, please see the document that can be found at /developers/docs.5.5.1 Windows XP SP2 Media Center InteroperabilityThe nRD24V1 passed for the Gold Tree test.Test No. Test description Result 1 Enumeration and driver installation test on EHCIPass 2DUT demonstrates correct operation using default driversPass 3 Update driver N/A 4 Install software N/A 5 Demonstrates functionality with updated driver and/or application N/A 6 Interoperability (operate all the devices in Gold Tree) Pass 7 Hot Detach & ReattachPass8 Warm bootPass 9 Inactive S1 Suspend (Remote wake-up test) N/A 10 Inactive S1 Resume (Remote wake-up test) N/A 11 Active S3 Suspend Pass 12 Active S3 Resume Pass 13 UHCI Root port testPass 14 Active S4 Suspend (Hibernate) Pass 15 Active S4 Resume (Hibernate) Pass 16 Topology change UHCI Pass 17 Topology change OHCIPassDriver information:Microsoft Windows XP SP2 Media Center HID Class driversP age: 13|13Department : PMTC Device : Nordic Semiconductors nRD24H1 Web Site: Distribution:For External Use6 Other PMTC servicesPMTC, Your hardware test centre.PMTC operates as an independent Belgian based test centre for the validation and release of multimedia peripheral equipment and interfaces.PMTC offers a wide range of testing activities an has become a professional test centre for numerous companies all over the world, a test house known for its quality of testing and its dynamic approach. Thanks to the independence of the test laboratories, PMTC is ideally placed to offer an objective, third party opinion on overall quality of the products in development.Currently, PMTC’s experience is located in the following application areas:Services:• Alpha Testing • Beta Testing• Pre-WHQL Testing • Compatibility Testing • Functionality Testing • Localisation Testing • Spec Compliance • ConsultancyTechnologies:• Optical Storage drives• Firewire IEEE1394 Certification • PC, MAC systems and peripherals • USB • DLNA• Serial-ATA • Ethernet • PCI-Express • HDMI, DVI • Bluetooth • WIFI • …Tools:• Ch8ck tool • Traffic LabPlease visit our web site at http://www.pmtc.be for detailed information regarding PMTC’s testing services.。
USB成品测试报告
2009101501
溫 度Temp:23~26℃ 相對濕度R.H.:58%~62% 判定Judge 5 OK NG
测试记录Testing Result 1 2 3 4
1
测试电流 直流低电阻测试仪 Test current:100mA DIGITAL MICRO满刻度电压 OHMMETER Full scale voltage:20mV YD2511 测试电压 Test voltage:500VDC 测试时间 Operation stated:2min 测试电压 Test voltage:500VAC 截止电流 Cut-off current:3mA 测试时间 Operation stated:1 min 绝缘电阻测试仪 ULTRA HIGH RESISTANCE METER TH2683 耐压测试机 BREAKDOWN TESTER CJ2671A
(
USB AF侧插 铁壳，PBT BK
测试条件 Testing Conditions
測試日期 Date of Testing 樣品數量 Quantity 测试设备 Testing Equipment
2009.10.15 5PCS
规格 SPEC
報告編號 Report NO. 測試環境 Measuring Environment
可调温锡炉 SOLDERABILITY
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
V
7
温度 焊锡耐热性测试 Temperature: 200℃±5℃ 可调温锡炉 Resistance to 测试时间 SOLDERABILITY soldering heat test Duration:5±0.5sec
无异常 Normal
OK
英文研究报告的格式范文模板
英文研究报告的格式范文模板English:Title: A Study on the Impact of Social Media on TeenagersIntroduction: This research report aims to investigate the influence of social media on teenagers. With the widespread use of social media platforms among young people, there is a growing concern about the potential negative effects on their mental health, self-esteem, and social behavior. The study will explore the various ways in which social media can impact teenagers and will also examine the potential benefits it may provide.Literature Review: The literature review will provide an overview of existing research on the topic, including studies that have examined the relationship between social media use and teenage mental health, as well as those that have explored the influence of social media on body image and self-esteem. It will also include a discussion of the potential positive effects of social media, such as connecting teenagers with like-minded individuals and providing a platform for self-expression.Methodology: This report will utilize a mixed-method approach, including both quantitative and qualitative research methods. The quantitative aspect will involve a survey of teenagers to gather data on their social media use and its perceived impact on their well-being. The qualitative aspect will involve in-depth interviews with a select group of teenagers to gain a deeper understanding of their experiences with social media.Findings: The findings of this study will be presented in detail, discussing the various ways in which social media can influence teenagers, both positively and negatively. The report will also highlight any significant correlations between social media use and aspects of teenage well-being, as well as any differences in the experiences of teenagers from diverse socio-economic backgrounds.Conclusion and Recommendations: Finally, the report will conclude with a summary of the key findings and their implications. Based on the results, recommendations will be provided for parents, educators, and policymakers to better support teenagers in navigating the use of social media.中文翻译:标题: 社交媒体对青少年的影响研究介绍: 本研究报告旨在调查社交媒体对青少年的影响。
USBHID键盘报告范文描述符
USBHID键盘报告范文描述符HIDScript脚本语言的理解:Globalitem--全局项Mainitem--主项localitem--局部项对于Main项,parer解释器,将顺序解释集合中的数据,并且,解释器解释完的数据,将按Main项出现的先后顺序,主要是Input和Output项,顺序拼接生成对应的数据bit位,解释器将以关键字Collection开始解释并拼接bit位信息,关键字EndCollection将结束paer解释器的工作,我把关键字Collection和关键字EndCollection叫做\集合\,关键字Collection和关键字EndCollection都是Mainitem主项,对应的控制字分别为:101000nn和110000nn,如果Collection后边有1个参数数据,那么即为:10100001=0某A1,如Collection(Application)翻译成控制码后为:0某A1,0某01;0某A1的1表示有1个参数数据,0某01表示Application在HID协议中规定的索引值为0某01,pc的HID驱动程序在parer解释器中会通过0某01得知,是对Application进行数据流位生成,就是说HID报告描述符(ReportDecriptor)所描述的数据流是为了Application使用的,Application在中包含两种设备:moue和keyboard,至于Collection(Application)里边描述的是moue还是keyboard,将具体的由Uage进一步限定,如:Uage(KeyBoard),也就是说明确告诉pc的HID驱动程序的paer解释器,接下来的这段信息最后生成出来的bit位数据信息,将交由pc的HID驱动程序中KeyBoard对应的API函数处理,当然这只是HID硬件设备开发者给pc的HID驱动程序的paer解释器提供的一个建议值,比如我们做DDK下的HID驱动二次开发,那么我们可以很随意,但是HID硬件设备开发者,建议使用的HID驱动程序API接口,最好遵守,因为HID硬件设备开发者比DDK开发人员更清楚送上来的bit数据流的真正物理意义.Input和Output是用来真正生成bit位流数据域的关键字,他们描述的东西是最后通过ub总线实实在在发送到pc或者从pc接收的数据位,当然这些bit数据流数据域所代表的意义以及某段bit位们所代表的意思以及这些bit将交由pc上HID驱动程序的哪一个API接口来做进一步解析(是moue还是keyboard),需要其他描述符来描述,比如前边的Uage就是其中的1个描述符,如果一个HID设备同时提供2种不同的功能,那么就会分别生成2个bit位流数据域,每个bit位流数据,将交由不同的驱动解析,比如,一个keyboard可能还集成了一个附属的鼠标功能,那么键盘数据信息将由HIDcript脚本描述的keyboard对应bit数据位流传送,moue数据将由HIDcript脚本描述的moue对应bit数据位流传送,但同一个Input 管道怎么能传送两个独立的数据流呢,答案很简单:不能,所以又引入了一个ReportID的概念,ID 用来标识多条独立的bit数据流,pc的HID驱动程序根据ID,将这些独立的bit数据流们路由到相应的API处理函数上去,进而不同的bit数据流数据最终都能够被自己对应的API驱动函数正确接收并解析处理.对于2字节、4字节等多字节数据的传输,是按小端模式little-endian进行的.这些多字节数据的最小值由LogicalMinimum定义,最大值由LogicalMa 某imum定义,如果两个值均为非负值,那么bit位流数据就是无符号数,如果没有明确指定,那么作为有符号数处理,另外HID1.1协议不允许传输浮点数据.硬件开发者应该时刻清除自己写的HIDcript脚本所描述的数据流将来应该由PC上的HID驱动程序怎么使用,另外对于硬件开发者来说,对于不允许PC驱动修改的bit 位数据,HID1.1协议制定者强烈建议采用NULL数值,最好不要随便填其他值.----------------------------------------------Mainitem--主项当前一共5个:1)Input2)Output3)Feature4)Collection5)EndCollection----------------------------------------------Globalitem--全局项当前一共13个:1)UagePage2)LogicalMinimum---var变量或array数组的逻辑最小值3)LogicalMa某imum4)PhyicalMinimum5)PhyicalMa某imum6)UnitE某ponent---单位的指数值,是10的指数7)Unit---单位索引号:可以是时间单位、电流单位、电压单位和距离单位等等.8)ReportSize9)ReportID---数据流的ID值设置10)ReportCount11)Puh12)Pop13)Reeved---保留----------------------------------------------localitem--局部项当前一共11个:1)Uage---定义UagePage下面某个功能item的起始索引值,比如Keyboard功能,LED功能等,这也告诉pc的HID解释器,Input或Output变量或数组的相应生成数据位用来描述Uage引用到的那个功能,如:用来描述Keyboard功能或LED功能等.2)UageMinimum---定义与array或bitmap关联的uage定义的某个功能下的起始值Uage作为UagePage的一个子功能索引号,同时Uage自己也有很多子功能,或者说有很多个子值,这里就是定义这些子值的范围值,之后和用Input或Output生成bit位数据流,进行相应关联.(可以用多维数组来说明,可能会更明确一点)前一个基础上Uage(6),当然在HIDDecriptorTool里边6有它的字符串名,即:Uage(Keyboard),然后80就是Keyboard里边的一个索引取值,查找之后是:KeyBoardLeftArrow,所以Uage_Minimum(80)就等于Uage_Minimum(KeyBoardLeftArrow)Uage的顺序先后和ReportCount定义的bit位组的先后顺序依次一一对应,UageMinimum和UageMa某imum之间的Uage的索引值也将依次与ReportCount定义的bit位组的先后顺序依次一一对应上。
Case Study Report—Difficult Transitions
Case Study Report Difficult TransitionsWriting a Case Study ReportDirection: Analyze the following case and write a report by following the discussed pattern in the course. It is expected to be submitted on Dec 29. Remember to include a cover page to show your name, class and student number.Difficult TransitionsTony Stark had just finished his first week at Reece Enterprises and decided to drive upstate to a small lakefront lodge for some fishing and relaxation. Tony had worked for the previous ten years for the AAA Company, but AAA had been through some hard times lately and had recently shut down several of its operating groups, including Tony’s, to cut costs. Fortunately, Tony’s experience and recommendations had made finding another position fairly easy. As he drove the interstate, he reflected on the past ten years and the apparent situation at Reece.At AAA, things had been great. Tony had been part of the team from day one. The job had met his personal goals and expectations perfectly, and Tony believed he had grown greatly as a person. His work was appreciated and recognized; he had received three promotions and many more pay increases.Tony had also liked the company itself. The firm was decentralized, allowing its managers considerable autonomy and freedom. The corporate Culture was easygoing. Communication was open. It seemed that everyone knew what was going on at all times, and if you didn’t know about something, it was easy to find out.The people had been another plus. Tony and three other managers went to lunch often and played golf every Saturday. They got along well both personally and professionally and truly worked together as a team. Their boss had been verysupportive, giving them the help they needed but also staying out of the way and letting them work.When word about the shutdown came down, Tony was devastated. He was sure that nothing could replace AAA. After the final closing was announced, he spent only a few weeks looking around before he found a comparable position at Reece Enterprises.As Tony drove, he reflected that "comparable" probably was the wrong word. Indeed, Reece and AAA were about as different as you could get. Top managers at Reece apparently didn’t worry too much about who did a good job and who didn’t. They seemed to promote and reward people based on how long they had been there and how well they played the never-ending political games.Maybe this stemmed from the organization itself, Tony pondered. Reece was a bigger organization than AAA and was structured much more bureaucratically. It seemed that no one was allowed to make any sort of decision without getting three signatures from higher up. Those signatures, though, were hard to get. All the top managers usually were too busy to see anyone, and interoffice memos apparently had very low priority.Tony also had had some problems fitting in. His peers treated him with polite indifference. He sensed that a couple of them resented that he, an outsider, had been brought right in at their level after they had had to work themselves up the ladder. On Tuesday he had asked two colleagues about playing golf. They had politely declined, saying that they did not play often. But later in the week, he had overheard them making arrangements to play that very Saturday.It was at that point that Tony had decided to go fishing. As he steered his car off the interstate to get gas, he wondered if perhaps he had made a mistake in accepting the Reece offer without finding out more about what he was getting into.I. Statement of the ProblemA.Definition: Tony Stark may have to hunt for a new job if he can’t adapt to thecurrent working environment or take any efficient actions to change it.B.Analysis: Tony felt very puzzled and depressed because he found the newworking environment was very different from the previous one and he had some problems fitting in. Reece was a bigger organization than AAA and was structured much more bureaucratically. It was difficult to be allowed to make any sort of decision. Besides, his peers treated him with polite indifference and he had difficulty getting along well with them. So he couldn’t be part of the team. In addition, t op managers at Reece apparently didn’t worry too much about wh o did a good job and who didn’t and there were never-ending political games. In a word, the new job didn’t meet Tony’s personal goals and expectations.II. Suggestion of Possible SolutionsA.Tony could go back to his previous company and join another operation group.B.Tony could leave the new company and find another job.C.Tony could try his best to adapt to the new working environment.D.Tony could stay and take some active actions to make the working environmentpositive and efficient.III. Evaluation of Possible SolutionsA.Tony could go back to his previous company and join another operation group.1)Advantages: The job in his previous company meets his personal goals andexpectations perfectly. And his work would be appreciated and recognized.So he could grow greatly as a person.2)Disadvantages: It is difficult to join another operating group in his formercompany. Because there are no vacancies. So this solution is almostimpossible.B.Tony could leave the new company and find another job.1)Advantages: Tony’s experience and recommendations would make findinganother position fairly easy. And there would be no more depression forhim. What’s more, a new job with a good working environment could bringher more space to grown up. Hence, by move on to a new company, Tonymaybe could get a suitable job and have a better career.2)Disadvantages: Tony would lose the current job and i t’s not easy to find agood job with better working environment in a short time. Maybe he wouldmeet the same situation or other problems.C.Tony could try his best to adapt to the new working environment.1)Advantages: This would be the simplest way to solve the existing problems.In this way, Tony has no choice but to do his utmost to adapt to the newworking environment and share the same rulers with other colleagues.2)Disadvantages: Tony has to work in the working environment which isbureaucratic. And this may ruin his career future, because it goes againsthis long-term career development. What’s more, Tony doesn’t like thislifestyle in her mind and would be depressed all the way.D.Tony could stay and take some active actions to make the working environmentpositive and efficient.1)Advantages: Tony could explore his interpersonal relationship with thestaff and the leader, encourage open communication between staff andmanagement. And he could encourage people to work together as a team byhis own effort. Besides, Tony could try his best to persuade the leaders tochange the current situation and make the firm decentralized. Thus, hecould influence all the company and make the corporate culture easygoingstep by step. It would improve efficiency and create a more relaxed andfriendly working environment. And there would be no depression for him.Only in this way would the problem be solved completely.2)Disadvantages: It would be very hard to change the corporate culture andorganization in such a big company. He may meet many difficulties in theprocess. Besides, top managers and his colleagues may not be supportive incooperating with him. So it would be difficulty to achieve his goal and hemay put a lot more efforts into this. It is a big challenge for him. And if hefailed, he may lose his new job, which is a big blow for him.IV. Selection of a SolutionA.Choice: (D) Tony could stay and take some active actions to make the workingenvironment positive and efficient.B.Justification: This is a good chance for Tony to practice management skills. Hehas to work at improving communication channels and avoid any personality clash. In addition, Tony could persuade the top managers to support him in changing the corporate culture and organization. Not only it is a big opportunity for him, but also it would provide him with great personal development opportunity. If he could solve them perfectly, it will be a good fortune and achievement for him. He could enhance his capacity of turning a disadvantageous environment to an advantageous one by this chance and thus he can stand firmly in the company. And the experience he earned from this opportunity is the precious capital for his further career. Besides, it would also add value to the company. Even if he failed, he still has the time and energy to choose again. In a word, only in this way would the problem be solved once and forever.。
严重不良事件SAE报告
SAE Report
报告类型
Report Type:
首次报告
Initial Report
随访报告
Follow-up Report
首次报告时间
Initial Repor
StudyCenterNo:
方案号
Protocol No:
研究者
危及生命Life-threatening
永久或严重致残Persistentorsignificant disability
致畸Congenital anomaly
需要住院New in-patient hospitalization
延长住院时间prolongation ofexistinghospitalization
YES
NO
NA
有无做相关实验室检查？Any relevant lab test?
YES
NO
If yes, please specify in SAE description.如果是，请在SAE描述中写明。
对SAE有无治疗？Any treatment procedure for SAE?
YES
NO
If yes, please specify in SAE description.如果是，请在SAE描述中写明。
剂量调整Dose Adjusted
暂停Temporary Stop
停药Permanent Stop
与研究用药关系？Relationship to trialmedication?
肯定有关
Probable
可能有关
Possible
可能无关
Unlikely
无关
Unrelated
Studying report 英
Studying reportI have been a college student for more than 3month. I learned something about learning while I also feel some same experience.The most important thing in study is still the heart of never saying give up. If we wanted to do a good thing, we must meet lots of different difficulties, which would let us feel so tied that give up. To be honest, throwing all problems behind is the most stupid way to solve it. The problem is still on your road, and you will stand behind it. Either do you keep the same place or face it. Solve it and then beyond yourself. In fact, you just need a step from failure to succeed. When you couldn’t find the answer in study, it might be in your dictionary, your notebook, or your friend’s mouth. Y ou just insist one more second to do one more thing, and the cloud in your brain may go away. There is not the problem that can’t be dissolved. The only one is whether you could insist it from beginning to end or nor.There is no doubt that you have to pay all attention to study. Only do you put your heart in it, energetic, you could do it best. If you wanted to cook rice, you couldn’t do it with a little fire. Y ou should ignore the noise from the others. Y ou should get rid of the sprit load. Y ou should remember the happiness of learning. When you focus yourself on it. Y ou may feel fulfilled. The more you concern on, the more knowledge you would learn.There are new and different things which you won’t understand until you are in university. In the senior high school, most of things you know came from what your teachers said or what they order. However, Now, our teachers just give us a direction or not. Y ou can’t look forward that they would plan all things for your convenience any longer. Studying by yourself is one of the most important things you must do. Nobody could always say truth. So do your teachers. If they passed you something wrong, and you might be still under the false impression that teachers’ experience and knowledge is more right so you believe that the best way to study well is remembering all teachers’ words. Please keep it in your mind: whatever subject and study path you choose, even though teachers’examples help you believe they can accomplish things good, but it doesn’t mean that it suit you. Go with other’s footprints, you can’t get your life’s top. So you must study in trial and error so that you could be a real college student.。
小学上册E卷英语第六单元全练全测
小学上册英语第六单元全练全测英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1.What do we call the imaginary line that runs from the North Pole to the South Pole?A. EquatorB. LongitudeC. LatitudeD. MeridianD Meridian2.Which gas do humans breathe in?A. OxygenB. HydrogenC. Carbon DioxideD. NitrogenA3.The chemical symbol for cobalt is __________.4.I want to be a ________.5.The chemical symbol for sodium is ______.6.What do you call a group of fish?A. FlockB. SchoolC. PackD. Herd7.The main component of cell membranes is _____.8.The __________ is changing quickly, so I should grab my coat. (天气)9.What is the name of the fairy tale character who lost her glass slipper?A. Snow WhiteB. CinderellaC. RapunzelD. Sleeping Beauty10.She is wearing a _____ (hat/scarf) today.11.The __________ (历史的记忆) shape who we are.12.The ____ is a fierce predator found in the wild.13.What is the name of the famous American author known for "The Great Gatsby"?A. F. Scott FitzgeraldB. Ernest HemingwayC. Mark TwainD. John SteinbeckA F. Scott Fitzgerald14.The parrot is colorful and _______ (多才多艺).15.What is the name of the famous physicist who discovered the law of gravity?A. Albert EinsteinB. Isaac NewtonC. Galileo GalileiD. Nikola TeslaB16.The atomic mass of an element includes protons and ______.17.He is a _____ (工程师) working on renewable energy projects.18.The __________ (历史的情感共鸣) foster connections.19.Which month comes after January?A. FebruaryB. MarchC. AprilD. MayA February20.What is the name of the famous character known for his long beard and red hat?A. Santa ClausB. GandalfC. DumbledoreD. Merlin21.How many days are there in a week?A. 5B. 6C. 7D. 8C22.The chemical symbol for mercury is _______.23.I like to play ______ with my cousins.24.The chemical symbol for vanadium is ______.25.She is making a ___. (sandwich)26.What is 5 x 2?A. 7B. 8C. 9D. 10D27.The country known for its beautiful coastline is ________ (希腊).28. A ______ (植物标本) can teach us about biodiversity.29. A _____ (小马) can be very gentle with children.30.The playground is _______ with laughter.31.The ______ (果实) of a plant develops from its flowers.32.The pizza is very _____. (delicious)33. A saturated solution can be made by adding more ______.34.What is 5 × 2?A. 7B. 10C. 12D. 8B35. A squirrel finds nuts to store for ________________ (冬天).36.The __________ can indicate areas of biodiversity and ecological significance.37.My aunt loves to create ____ (crafts).38.What do you call a collection of maps?A. AtlasB. DictionaryC. EncyclopediaD. Almanac39.The river is _______ (清澈的).40.The stars are ______ (shining) brightly.41.My favorite snack is ________ (苹果干) after school.42.I want to _______ (学习) about science.43.What is the name of the fairy tale character with a glass slipper?A. AuroraB. CinderellaC. ArielD. Belle44.What do we call the person who writes books?A. AuthorB. EditorC. PublisherD. Reader45.What do you call a baby cat?A. PuppyB. KittenC. CubD. Calf46.What do you call a baby ostrich?A. ChickB. CalfC. KidD. Hatchling47.What do bees make?A. MilkB. HoneyC. ButterD. Sugar48. f Exploration began in the __________ (15世纪). The Age49.The atomic structure of an element determines its ______.50.The newt lives both in _________ (水) and on land.51.I have a favorite ______ (毛绒玩具) that I take everywhere with me.52.How many players are on a baseball team?A. 9B. 10C. 11D. 1253. A squirrel gathers _______ for the winter.54.What is the primary language spoken in the USA?A. SpanishB. FrenchC. EnglishD. ChineseC55.Which planet is known as the Red Planet?A. VenusB. MarsC. SaturnD. MercuryB56.What instrument is used to measure temperature?A. BarometerB. ThermometerC. AltimeterD. AnemometerB57.She is _______ (listening) to music.58.My favorite _____ (玩具) is my robot.59.ts have __________ (刺) for protection. Some pla60.What is the name of the famous clock tower in London?A. Big BenB. Eiffel TowerC. Leaning Tower of PisaD. Colosseum61.My favorite fruit is ______ (香蕉). They are sweet and easy to ______ (吃).62. A ______ has a unique pattern on its fur.63.What type of tree produces acorns?A. PineB. OakC. MapleD. Birch64.The capital city of Eswatini is __________.65.What do we call the person who studies fossils?A. PaleontologistB. ArchaeologistC. GeologistD. BiologistA66. A base turns red litmus paper ________.67.The ancient Romans used _______ for their aqueducts.68.My uncle is my funny _______ who tells the best jokes ever.69.My friend has a kind ____.70.What is the term for a baby pig?A. CalfB. PigletC. LambD. KidB71.My cousin is my best _______ because we have fun.72. A _____ (小猫) is very playful.73. Empire reached its peak under ________ (奥古斯都). The Roma74.The discovery of ________ led to significant scientific advancements.75.The ______ teaches us about chemistry.76.The symbol for antimony is _____.77.We have a ______ (快乐的) family dinner every Sunday.78.The ant works hard to gather _______ (食物).79.My uncle is a fantastic ____ (chef).80.The doctor, ______ (医生), checks our health regularly.81.They are ________ a picnic today.82.What do we call the study of living organisms?A. BiologyB. ChemistryC. PhysicsD. GeographyA83.My sister likes . (我妹妹喜欢。
my study report
My study report 87.5In this term, I took my spare time to learn playing tennis in response to the call of physical exercise. As for me, I have never played tennis, so it was the first time to learn it and feel the charm of tennis. During the studying process, I was full of enthusiasm deeply in love with this sport.Learning to play tennis, I not only attain the purpose of physical exercise, but also harvesting more precious thing. Playing tennis requires standard actions, deforming a little action will cause mistakes and increase the possibility of injury. During the time beginning to learn, I couldn't always master the correct action very well that causing errors frequently. My coach told me that I should learn to play it attentively and nothing would be done without focus. Following the coach's teaching, I remembered the essentials of every action carefully and mastered every action more expertly.After learning for some time, I was boring of exercising the same action over and over again so that I didn't want to learn it any more. When I told this decision to my friends, they were opposed to it and said that everything you desired to realize need to persevere in the determination. I was touched by their words and discarded the idea of giving up.From the studying process, I not only study a new sport's skill, but also gaining some lessons of life that can assist me to confront the future life. The one is nothing will be done without focus, another is everything you desire to realize needs consistent determination.。
Feasibility study report(1)
FEASIBILITY STUDY REPORT ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF GCI GLOBAL SERVICE Co.,LTD.关于设立广州市杰世国际货代有限公司的可行性报告Guangdong Province,the south of China, approach the South China Sea, adjacent to Hong Kong and Macao. As the forthgoer for China’s ref orm , Guangdong occupy a favorable geographical environment and natural resources. For the moment，the industrial and production in Guangdong has become to the top ten ranking. base on the transportation, communication being coverage abroad, and the customs clearance being efficient, most of International Fair unfolding here as its famous trade board.广东省地处于中国大陆最南端，濒临南海，毗邻港澳。
作为中国大陆改革开放的先行省，广东占据了优厚的地理环境与资源。
目前，广东产业体系完善，工厂生产线已占据全国前十名列。
广东交通运输四通八达，通讯网络覆盖率广，口岸通关高效顺畅。
正因以上优势，物流、会展、金融、信息及旅游行业得以蓬勃发展，广交会、高交会等大型国际性会展驰名中外。
The Business engaged by the Investor is import and export trade of goods, transport industry,and has actively engaged trading activites with the enterprises in China During the pass years.Owing to the high development of China’s economy and the continuing “open-door” policy,our trading revenue has been increased significantly.投资方从事货物进出口贸易、货物运输行业多年，近几来年，投资方积极向中国内地企业开展直接的贸易活动。
pre-feasibility study report
pre-feasibility study report
“Pre-feasibility Study Report”是一个英文短语，直译为中文是“前期可行性研究报告”。
这份报告是进行项目或计划前的初步可行性分析，主要目的是评估一个项目或计划的潜在可行性和潜在的商业价值。
在编写前期可行性研究报告时，会涵盖多个方面的分析，包括但不限于以下几点：
1.市场分析：评估目标市场的需求、容量、趋势和竞争状况。
2.技术可行性：评估现有技术和资源是否能够支持项目的实施。
3.财务分析：预测项目的投资回报率、成本效益等财务指标。
4.组织和管理：评估项目所需的人力、物力和财力资源，以及项目管理和执
行的可行性。
5.环境和社区影响：评估项目对环境的影响，以及是否符合社区和相关法规
的要求。
6.风险评估：识别和分析项目可能面临的风险，并提出相应的风险管理和应
对措施。
总结来说，Pre-feasibility Study Report是一份详细的研究报告，旨在评估一个项目或计划的潜在可行性和商业价值，为决策者提供参考依据。
通过这份报告，可以更好地了解项目的潜力和风险，并做出明智的决策。
studyreport英文作文
studyreport英文作文下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。
文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!Studying is an essential part of our lives. It helps us acquire knowledge and develop skills that are necessary for personal and professional growth. But studying can sometimes be challenging and overwhelming. It requires focus, discipline, and perseverance. However, the rewards of studying are immense. It opens doors to new opportunities, expands our horizons, and allows us to reach our full potential.When it comes to studying, everyone has their own unique approach. Some people prefer studying in a quiet environment, while others thrive in a more bustling atmosphere. Some people are visual learners and prefer using diagrams and charts, while others prefer reading and taking notes. No matter what your preferred method is, the key is to find what works best for you and stick to it.One of the most effective ways to study is to break down the material into smaller, manageable chunks. Thisallows for better comprehension and retention of information. It's also important to set specific goals and deadlines for each study session. This helps to stay focused and motivated. Additionally, taking regular breaks during study sessions is crucial. It gives the brain time to rest and process the information.Another important aspect of studying is organization. Keeping track of assignments, deadlines, and important dates is essential for staying on top of your studies. Using a planner or a digital calendar can help you stay organized and manage your time effectively. It's also helpful to create a study schedule and stick to it. This will ensure that you allocate enough time for each subject and avoid procrastination.Studying can be a solitary activity, but it doesn't have to be. Group study sessions can be beneficial as they allow for collaboration and discussion. Explaining concepts to others not only helps solidify your own understanding but also allows you to learn from your peers. It's important to choose study partners who are equallycommitted and focused.In addition to studying, it's important to take care of your physical and mental well-being. Getting enough sleep, eating nutritious meals, and exercising regularly are all important for maintaining a healthy body and mind. Taking breaks to relax and engage in activities you enjoy is also crucial for avoiding burnout.In conclusion, studying is a challenging but necessary part of our lives. Finding effective study methods, staying organized, and taking care of your well-being are all important for successful studying. Remember, the journey of learning is a lifelong one, and the rewards of studying are worth the effort. So, embrace the process and enjoy the knowledge and growth that studying brings.。
English study report作文
My English Study英语作文篇1I like English very much,so I try a lot of ways to improve my English.At weedends,English corner in every park is my first choice,which is the best way to meet foreign friends and some native English speakers.In weekdays,I also have a partner to communicate in English.Oral practice is important.So does written English.English dictionaries and English newspapers,such as Shanghai Daily are my good friends to help me make progress.At school,I am the leader of English corner and Communication Department.I love English so much.译文我非常喜欢英语，所以我尝试了很多方法来改善我的English.At 杂草，每个公园的英语角都是我的首选，这是结识外国朋友和一些以英语为母语的人的最佳方式。
平日里，我还有一个伙伴用英语交流。
口语练习很重要。
英文词典和英文报纸，如上海日报，都是我的好朋友，帮助我进步。
在学校，我是英语角和传播部的负责人，我非常喜欢英语。
My English Study英语作文篇2English is my favorite subject and I once won a second prize in Sichuan English Reading Comprehension Competition for Middle School Students.Now I'm good at English and one of the best students at English in our senior grade one .[Now I think I can use English better and I am one of the students in the class who do best in English examinations.] .How did I learn English?First,I read a lot of English,beginning from junior time [the time when I was a junior middle school student ].I read many English stories and jokes.I didn't get bored because the stories and jokes were interesting.Thus I have got to be more and more interested in English and learned a lot of the language through reading widely.Second,I have kept a diary in English.I just write down what I do,what I see and what I think of every day.I try my best to express myself in the most simple words.In this way Ihave improved my writing ability a lot.On the other hand,this diary writing has also helped me to form the habit to think in English.The above are my two ways of English study.Would you please try them if you're interested?译文英语是我最喜欢的科目，曾获得四川省中学生英语阅读理解大赛二等奖，现在英语很好，是高三英语成绩最好的学生之一。
pre-feasibility study report -回复
pre-feasibility study report -回复什么是前期可行性研究报告？为什么它在项目实施中如此重要？如何编写前期可行性研究报告？前期可行性研究报告是指在项目启动前对项目进行全面研究和分析，以确定项目是否可行的一份文件。
它是项目管理中至关重要的一步，可以帮助项目团队和各利益相关方在项目实施前做出明智的决策。
编写前期可行性研究报告的第一步是项目概述。
在这一部分，需明确项目的目标和背景，概述项目的规模和重要性。
此外，还应介绍项目的历史和进展，并解释项目对组织或社区的意义。
接下来是市场调研。
在这一部分，需要对项目所在领域的市场情况进行全面分析。
调查市场需求和趋势，评估竞争对手和潜在合作伙伴的情况。
通过这一步骤，可以确定项目在市场上的潜在机会和风险。
然后是技术可行性研究。
这一步骤的目的是评估项目所需的技术能力和资源是否可行。
需要评估项目所需的硬件和软件条件、技术需求和限制。
通过对技术可行性的评估，可以确定项目在技术层面的可行性。
接下来是经济可行性研究。
在这一步骤中，需要考虑项目的成本和效益。
分析项目的投资回报率、盈亏平衡点和财务模型。
经济可行性研究可以帮助决策者判断项目是否可以在经济上支撑起来。
然后是风险评估。
在这一部分，需要识别和评估项目可能面临的风险和障碍。
分析这些风险的概率和影响，并提出相应的风险管理计划。
风险评估有助于预测和应对潜在的问题，提高项目成功的可能性。
最后是可行性结论和建议。
在这一部分，需对前期可行性研究的结果进行综合评估，得出是否推进项目的结论。
如果项目不可行，需明确原因和建议。
如果项目可行，还需要提供推进项目的建议，并制定下一步的行动计划。
综上所述，前期可行性研究报告是项目启动前的重要环节。
通过对项目的概述、市场调研、技术可行性研究、经济可行性研究、风险评估以及可行性结论和建议的综合分析，可以确保项目在实施前经过科学的论证，提高项目成功的可能性。
研究性学习报告课题成果展示PPT模板
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工厂常用英文翻译
工廠常用“英文簡稱”之全譯
No. 英文簡稱 124 BOM 125 CAD 126 CAM 127 DCC 128 DSP 129 ECN 130 ECR 131 FAE 132 MRS 133 PR 134 RD 135 TSD 136 Ver 137 138 139 140 141 142 ATX 143 BAT 144 BBS 145 BIOS 146 CD-ROM 147 CPU 148 DVD 149 LPX 150 NPX 151 PC 152 USB 153 154 EDC 155 EQ 156 IQ 157 PCB 158 PM 159 SD 160 VP 161 162 163 ATP 164 DJ 規類 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 9 9 9 9 9 9 Personal Computer Universal Serial Bus Bare Bone Error Detection and Correction Emotion Quotient Intelligence Quotient Print Current Board Production Market Sale Department Vice President Postpone Work In Process Available To Promise Discrete Job Basic Input Output System Compact Disc-Read Only Memory Center processor Unit Digital Video Disc Baby AT 英 文 全 稱 Bill OF Material Computer Aided Design Computer Aided Center Data Control Center Digital Signal Processor Engineer Change Notes Engineer Change Request Field Application Engineer Marketing Require Specification Pilot Run Research & Development Test Support Department Version Release Project Plan Window Project Leader Plug And Play
交出研究报告英文缩写
交出研究报告英文缩写Research Report - RRA research report is a detailed document that presents the findings, analysis, and conclusions of a research study. It serves as a means for researchers to communicate their work to the scientific community and beyond. The length and format of a research report can vary depending on the discipline and purpose of the study.The structure of a research report typically includes the following sections:1. Title: The title should succinctly convey the main focus of the research study.2. Abstract: The abstract is a brief summary of the report that provides an overview of the research question, methods, results, and main conclusions.3. Introduction: The introduction provides background information on the topic, states the research question or objective, and outlines the significance of the study.4. Literature Review: The literature review provides an overview of previous research relevant to the current study, highlighting the gaps or limitations of existing knowledge.5. Methodology: The methodology section describes the research design, participants, data collection procedures, and statistical analyses used in the study.6. Results: The results section presents the findings of the study, usually in the form of tables, figures, and/or descriptive statistics. It should be organized and clearly reported to facilitate understanding.7. Discussion: The discussion section interprets the results in light of the research question and relevant literature, highlighting the implications, limitations, and potential avenues for future research.8. Conclusion: The conclusion summarizes the main findings of the research study and provides a clear answer to the research question or objective.9. References: The references section lists all the sources cited in the report, following a specific citation style (e.g., APA, MLA).10. Appendices: Appendices may include additional data, questionnaires, or technical details that are relevant but too detailed to be included in the main text.In conclusion, a research report is an essential tool for disseminating research findings and contributing to the body of knowledge in a particular field. It allows researchers to communicate their work in a structured and concise manner, providing a foundation for further research and potential applications in future studies.。
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目錄
B基礎知識介紹
B2.0的EMI和ESD設計
B基礎知識介紹
1.1 USB (Universal Serial Bus)
Logo
1.2 USB1.1/
2.0
•1. 目的：USB意義為萬用串列埠，目的即是為統一電腦周邊各種不同的接口及
傳輸協定，以簡省電腦周邊使用多種接口的成本，並簡化操作。
•2. 依需求應用不同的傳輸速度：USB 2.0傳輸線支援三種傳輸速度—Low-Speed低速1.5Mbps /Full-Speed全速12 Mbps / High-Speed高速480 Mbps。
•3. 較少的接線及成本：USB 1.1/2.0 只有兩對線，分別用來傳輸數據和提供給週
邊設備所需的電源，使用中充分運用接線，沒有多餘的成本，且減少裝置的連線成本。
•4. 多階層網路：透過USB 集線器(Hub)和電腦內部的根集線器(Root Hub)就可以形成一個星狀網路，最多可以有七個階層，USB並且可以允許多達127個周邊設備串接到一個外接USB埠上。
•5. 隨插即用：不用重新開機，不需要再重新配置系統就可以使周邊設備直接連
到電腦，最簡單的操作，方便使用者。
•6. 主從架構：USB 2.0是以PC為中心來設計的，故其基本架構是由PC來控制周邊。
但為支援點對點的傳輸，USB亦推出了補充規格OTG的傳輸模式。
1.3 USB3.0
USB 3.0是完全向下相容USB 2.0的，中心思想是要使用者和用USB2.0一樣，但大幅提升傳輸速度及效率，其特色如下：
•1.相容USB2.0傳輸速度：保留原有的USB 2.0傳輸線以完全支援USB 2.0的三種傳輸速度--低速1.5Mbps /全速12 Mbps / 高速480 Mbps
•2. 大幅提升介面傳輸速度：新增了2組SDP( Shielded Differential Pair，遮蔽差分訊號對)以達到新的超高速5 Gbps的傳輸速度。
•3. 全雙工傳輸，速度、效率大增：2組差分訊號對，分別不同方向單工傳輸，使整個介面的資料流成全雙工傳輸。
•4. 特殊的接頭相容性設計：以A頭雙向相容的設計及同型USB3.0母座均能相容USB 2.0公頭設計，使現有的USB 2.0裝置與新的USB3.0裝置均能使用在USB 2.0或USB 3.0主機上。
•5. 更好的電源管理機制：比USB 2.0多支援閒置、暫停、待機等多種模式，以節省不必要的耗電。
•6. 保留原始USB設計概念：“主機聰明、裝置簡單”及“簡單易用”的特性。
支援現有USB裝置的驅動及應用軟體，以利於舊有產品的延伸及新產品的研發。
USB3.0線對的傳輸架構
2. USB的EMI和ESD設計
USB2.0的傳輸速率最高到達480Mbps，在電路設計和PCB 佈線時需要細緻的考慮，同時USB界面必須符合USB-IF信號完整性的認證。
進行USB2.0設計時，由於高速信號的存在，EMI則成為一個不得不考慮的問題。
為避免串擾并保證信號的完整性，消除將要混入高速信號中的共模雜訊是電磁相容設計的必要對策。
如圖所示USB電路中，電源線和地線上分別串聯一個阻抗為120ohm，額定電流為2A的磁珠，以消耗掉高頻干擾信號，差分線對上串聯一個阻抗為90ohm的共模扼流器。
如果EMI可以通過，差分線上也可以使用一個0 ohm的電
阻。
如果有必要進一步抑制EMI，可以在控制IC的USB（D+，D-）外加一個22pF/47pF的旁路電容。
由於USB界面具有可熱插拔性，USB界面很容易因不可避免的人為因素導致靜電損壞器件，比如死機，燒板等。
如下圖電路，電源線，地線，差分線對各有一個TVS/VAR 元件連到屏蔽地。
TVS選取參考電源線，地線工作電壓5.5V、電容100pF
差分線對工作電壓18V、電容最大值4pF
对于USB2.0的PCB布线，需要考虑以下原则：
• 1. 差分线对要保持线长匹配，否则会导致时序偏移、降低信号质量以及增加EMI；
• 2.差分线对之间的间距要保持小于10mm，并增大它们与其它信号走线的间距；
• 3.差分走线要求在同一板层上，因为不同层之间的阻抗、过孔等差别会降低差模传输的效果而引入共模噪声；
• 4.尽量减少过孔等会引起线路不连续的因素；
• 5.避免导致阻值不连续性的90度走线，可用圆弧或45度折线来代替；• S/VAR的接地端要接入屏蔽地层，并放置在端口位置。
高速USB設計檢查
表。