J.B.Priestley
英语原著阅读分级
英语原著阅读分级英语原著阅读，除了词汇量外，还需要一定的时代背景理解。
简易读物1.1 最浅近的简易读物1. Charles Darwin (by Carla Greene) 查尔斯·达尔文2. John F. Kennedy (by Charles P. Graves) 约翰·肯尼迪3. King Arthur and His Knights (by William Kottmeyer)亚瑟王和他的骑士4. One Million Pound (by Mark Twain) 百万英镑5. Robin Hood (adapted by Michael West) 罗宾汉6. Rip Van Winkle (adapted by Michael West)里普·范·温7. Stories from the Sands of Africa (adapted by Michael West) 非洲沙漠的故事8. Tales from the Arabian Nights (adapted by Michael West) 天方夜谭9. The Canterbury Tales (adapted by Michael West) 坎特伯雷故事集10. The House of a Thousand Lanterns (by Victoria Holt) 千灯府11. The Legends of Ancient Rome 古罗马的传说12. The Mystery of the Island (by Jules Verne) 神秘的海岛13. The Seventh Key 第七把钥匙14. Three Men on the Bummel (by K. Jerome) 三人出游记15. Tom Jones (by Henry Fielding) 汤姆·琼斯1.2 浅近的简易读物1. Airport (by Arthur Hailey) 航空港2. Around the World in Eighty Days (by Jules Verne) 环绕世界八十天3. A Separate Peace (by John Knowles) 独自和解4. Daisy Miller (by H. James) 黛丝·密勒5. Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (by R. L. Stevenson) 化身博士6. Flowers for Mrs. Harris (by Paul Gallico) 献给哈里斯夫人的鲜花7. Frankenstein (by Mary Shelly) 弗兰肯斯特8. Hatter’s Castle (by A. J. Cronin) 帽商的城堡9. Little Tom (by B. Bell & D. Bell) 小汤姆10. Lucky Jim (by Kingsley Amis) 幸运的吉姆11. The Adventures of Alice in Wonderland (by Lewis Carrol) 艾丽斯漫游记12. The Black Tulip (by Alexandre Dumas) 黑郁金香13. The Life of Abraham Lincoln (by Stegan Lorant) 林肯传14. The Mill on the Floss (by George Eliot) 弗洛斯河上的磨坊15. The Prince and the Pauper (by Mark Twain) 王子和贫儿16. The Red Badge of Courage (by Stephen Crane) 红色英勇勋章17. The Scapegoat (by Daphne Du Maurier) 替罪羊18. The Sign of Indra 印达拉神像19. Thirty-nine Steps (by John Buchan) 三十九级台阶20. Three Men in a Boat (by J. K. Jerome) 三人同舟21. Tom Brown’s Schooldays (by Thomas Hughes) 汤姆·布朗的求学时代22. Witch (by George Mackay Brown) 女巫1.3 一般的简写本、改写本及原著科普读物1. Aesop’s Fables 伊索寓言2. Anderson’s Fairy Tales 安徒生通话选3. Compell’s Kingdom (by Hammond Innes) 坎伯尔王国4. Frontiers of Science 科学的新领域5. Grimm’s Fairy Tales 格林通话选6. Hotel (by Arthur Hailey) 旅馆7. Jamaica Inn (by Daphne Du Maurier) 牙买加旅店8. Popular Science Readings 英语科普小品9. Roots (by Alex Harley) 根10. Stories from Shakespeare (adapted by H. G. Wyatt) 莎士比亚戏剧故事集11. The Adventures of Huckleberry Fin (by Mark Twain) 哈克·贝里芬历险记12. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (by Mark Twain) 汤姆·索亚历险记13. The “Caine”Mutiny (by Herman Wink) “该隐”号兵变记14. The Citadel (by A. J. Cronin) 堡垒15. The Good Soldier Schweik (by Jaroslav Hasek, trans. By Paul Selver) 好兵帅克16. The Moonstone (by Wilkie Collins) 月亮宝石17. The Pearl (by John Steinbeck) 珍珠18. The Story of Madame Curie ( by Alice Thorne) 居里夫人传19. Uncle Tom’s Cabin (by H. Beecher Stowe) 汤姆叔叔的小屋1.4 英汉对照简写本（或缩写本）1. Anna Karenina (by Leo Tolstoy) 安娜·卡列尼娜2. A Tale of Two Cities (by Charles Dickens) 双城记3. David Copperfield (by Charles Dickens) 大卫·考伯菲尔德4. Emma (by Jane Austen) 爱玛5. Far from the Madding Crowd (by Thomas Hardy) 远离尘嚣6. Frenchman’s Creek (by Charles Dickens) 法国人的小港湾7. Great Expectations (by Charles Dickens) 远大前程8. Gulliver’s Travels (by Jonathan Swift) 格利佛游记9. Jane Eyre (by Charlotte Bronte) 简爱10. Jaws (by Peter Benchley) 大白鲨11. Lucky Jim (by Kinsley Amis) 幸运的吉姆12. Nicholas Nickleby (by Charles Dickens) 尼古拉斯·尼克尔贝13. Mary Barton (by Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell) 玛丽·巴顿14. Monte Cristo (by Alexandre Dumas) 基度山伯爵15. Oliver Twist (by Charles Dickens) 雾都孤儿16. Pride and Prejudice (by Jane Austen) 傲慢与偏见17. Rebecca (by Daphne Du Maurier) 蝴蝶梦18. Silas Marner (by George Eliot) 塞拉斯·马纳19. Tess of the D’Urbervilles (by Thomas Hardy) 德伯家的苔丝20. The Green Years (by A. Cronin) 青春的岁月21. The Hunckback of Notre Dame (by Victor Hugo) 巴黎圣母院22. The Mayor of Casterbridge (by Thomas Hardy) 卡斯特桥市长23. The Three Musketeers (by Alexandre Dumas) 三个火枪手24. Treasure Island (by R. L. Steveson) 金银岛25. Vanity Fair (by W. M. Thackeray) 名利场26. Woman in White (by Wilkie Collins) 白衣女人27. Wuthering Heights (by Emily Bronte) 呼啸山庄2. 英美澳原著2.1 较浅易的原著1. Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland (by Lewis Carrol) 艾丽斯漫游记2. Child’s History of England (by Charles Dickens) 儿童英国史3. Good-bye, Mr. Chips (by James Hilton) 再会，契普斯先生4. INTERPOL (by Peter G. Lee) 国际警察组织5. Robinson Crusoe (by Daniel Defoe) 鲁滨逊漂流记6. The Gadfly (by E. L. Voynich) 牛虻7. The Story of the Bible (by Van Loon) 圣经的故事8. The Story of Mankind (by H. William Van Loon) 人类的故事9. The Great Road (by Agnes Smedley) 伟大的道路2.2 一般原著1. An Inspector Calls (by J. B. Priestley) 罪恶之家2. An Invisible Man (by H. G. Wells) 隐身人3. A Tale of Two Cities (by Charles Dickens) 双城记4. David Copperfield (by Charles Dickens) 大卫·考伯菲尔德5. Emma (by Jane Austen) 爱玛6. Gone with the Wind (by Margaret Mitchell) 飘7. Gulliver’s Travels (by Jonathan Swift) 格利佛游记8. Hotel (by Arthur Hailey) 旅馆9. Oliver Twist (by Charles Dickens) 雾都孤儿10. Pride and Prejudice (by Jane Austen) 傲慢与偏见11. Pygmalion (by Bernald Shaw) 茶花女12. Red Star over China (by Edgar Snow) 西行漫记13. Roots (by Alex Haley) 根14. Selected Readings from D. H. Lawrence 劳伦斯作品选读15. The Adventures of Huckleberry Fin (by mark Twain) 哈克·贝里芬历险记16. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (by Mark Twain) 汤姆·索亚历险记17. The Jungle (by Upton Sinclair) 丛林18. The Old Man and The Sea (by Ernest Hemingway) 老人与海19. The Ragged Trousered Philanthropists (by Robert Tressell) 穿破裤子的慈善家20. The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich (by William L. Shirer) 第三帝国的兴亡21. Uncle Tom’s Cabin (by H. Beecher Stowe)汤姆叔叔的小屋22. Winds of War (by Herman Woul) 战争风云2.3 较难原著1.A Farewell to Arms (by Ernest Hemingway) 永别了，武器2.Airport (by Arthur Hailey) 航空港3.A Tale of Two Cities (by Charles Dickens) 双城记4.Financier (by Theodore Dreiser) 财政家5.Grapes of Wrath (by J. Steinbeck) 愤怒的葡萄6.Jane Eyre (by Charlotte Bronte) 简爱7.Jude the Obscure (by Thomas Hardy) 无名的裘德dy Chatterley’s Lover (by D. H. Lawrence)查泰莱夫人的情人9.Martin Eden (by Jack London) 马丁·伊登10.Pride and Prejudice (by Jane Austen) 傲慢与偏见11.Sense and Sensibility (by Jane Austen) 理智与情感12.Sister Carrie (by Theodore Dreiser) 嘉丽妹妹13.Sons and Lovers (by D. H. Lawrence) 儿子和情人14.Tess of the D’Urbervilles (by Thomas Hardy) 德伯家的苔丝15.The American Tragedy (by Theodore Dreiser) 美国的悲剧16.The Final Diagnosis (by Arthur Hailey) 最后的诊断17.The God Father (by Mario Puzo) 教父18.The Great Gatsby (by F. Scott Fitzgerald)了不起的盖茨比19.The Hunckback of Notre Dame (by Victor Hugo) 巴黎圣母院20.The Moneychangers (by Arthur Hailey) 钱商21.The Rainbow (by D. H. Lawrence) 虹22.The Red and The Black (by Stendhal) 红与黑23.The Return to the Native (by Thomas Hardy) 还乡24.The Scarlet Letter (by Nathaniel Hawthorne) 红字25.The Sun Also Rises (by Ernest Hemingway) 太阳照样升起26.The Thorn Birds (by Colleen Mccullough) 荆棘鸟27.The Three Musketeers (by Alexandre Dumas) 三个火枪手28.Vanity Fair (by W. M. Thackeray) 名利场29.Wives and Daughters (by Elizabeth Gaskell) 妻子与女儿30.Wuthering Heights (by Emily Bronte) 呼啸山庄。
《罪恶之家》：人人皆有罪
《罪恶之家》：人人皆有罪《罪恶之家》:人人皆有罪导读:电影《罪恶之家》(An Inspector Calls)改编自英国作家J. B. Priestley的同名话剧，该剧与《捕鼠器》(The Mousetrap)、《黑衣女人》(The Woman in Black)一起被誉为“去伦敦西区必看的三大名剧”。
这部电影由BBC出品发行，上映后广受好评:镜头语言朴素……电影《罪恶之家》(An Inspector Calls)改编自英国作家J. B. Priestley的同名话剧，该剧与《捕鼠器》(The Mousetrap)、《黑衣女人》(The Woman in Black)一起被誉为“去伦敦西区必看的三大名剧”。
这部电影由BBC出品发行，上映后广受好评:镜头语言朴素细腻，人物性格光芒四射，细节精致动人。
影片没有过多的场景，主要通过人物的对话和情感流露推进剧情的发展，却在简单的故事中带出一个恢弘壮丽又腐朽弥漫的时代，在围绕人性与宗教救赎的核心命题中，探讨人类生存的价值和意义。
影片故事发生在1912年的英国。
此时第二次工业革命已开始半个多世纪，制造业的兴盛催生了国家的繁荣，也让新兴的资本家们积累了大量的财富。
尽管经济发展迅猛，社会贫富差距却越来越大，上层贵族和资本家们过着奢靡的生活，底层的工人们却收入微薄，生活艰辛。
在这种社会环境下，英国各地爆发了大规模的罢工运动，工人们要求改善生活处境，但绝大多数的罢工运动很快被平息。
这就是影片《罪恶之家》的时代背景——繁荣的表象下弥漫着重重危机，文明和秩序中积累着层层矛盾。
影片中，Arthur Birling是居住在英国北部工业城市的一位大资本家，他经营着一家大型纺织厂，同时也担任着当地法院推事的职务，可谓风光无限。
Arthur 最近好事连连:他即将被封为爵士，获得贵族头衔;竞争对手的儿子将迎娶他的女儿，这意味着商业上的强强联合将带来更多的利益。
为此，Arthur准备在庄园里举行一场家庭晚宴作为庆祝，并邀请未来的女婿Gerald参加。
橡皮是怎么来的
从面包屑到橡胶，橡皮是如何产生的？从小到大没用完过一块橡皮，用着用着不知什么原因就丢了，估计也正是如此，才有老狼“问我借半块橡皮”的那首同桌的你。
作为一种擦掉印记的工具，橡皮的发明经历了从面包到橡胶的过程。
铅笔的出现距今约有400年的历史，橡皮的出现比铅笔晚大概200年，在铅笔与橡皮相遇之前的二百年里，人们用面包或者海绵擦去铅笔印记。
与其说是擦掉印记，不如说是靠摩擦让石墨痕迹淡化消失。
直到18世纪末，人们才正式开始用橡胶制作橡皮（rubber）。
早在欧洲人到达美洲新大陆之前，中美洲和南美洲的人们已经开始利用橡胶了，这种被称为“流泪的树”的液体，被印第安人用来制作富有弹性的皮球，或者用来粘合工具、衣服，有的人还会将橡胶倒入模具中制作鞋和各种容器。
哥伦布在1493年发现南美大陆时，就在当地见到了各种橡胶制品，但是到大概300年后，查尔斯·德·拉康达明（Charles de la Condamine）在《南美洲内地旅行记略》一书中，才正式描述了橡胶，称其为“caoutchouc”，即乳胶，是一种新大陆热带地区树皮下产生的乳状液体，并将橡胶样品带回了欧洲。
1770年，英国科学家约瑟夫·普利斯特里（Joseph Priestley）偶然发现橡胶竟然能擦去铅笔书写的字迹，并发表声明说，“想见证橡胶擦去铅笔字迹，只需要花三先令买上一小块就行。
”于是，在英国，橡胶作为擦去字迹的神奇物品开始为人们所知，并给了它新的名字“橡皮”。
直到19世纪末，铅笔和橡皮总是分开的，1858年才出现了带有橡皮的铅笔雏形。
那时候，美国费城一位名叫海曼·利普曼（Hyman Lipman）的人申请了一项专利，他在铅笔笔尖上刻了一个凹槽，然后把橡皮粘在凹槽上。
但是后来这项专利被撤回，理由是铅笔和橡皮单纯粘在一起，没有对二者的功能进行任何改进，因此不能获得专利。
这一判定对利普曼来说这是个坏消息，但是对于许多铅笔生产商来说，新的商机就在眼前。
典范英语petey读后感
典范英语petey读后感尊敬的读者，您好！今天，我要与大家分享的是关于典范英语Petey的读后感。
这本书是英国作家J.B.Priestley的经典之作，讲述了一个引人入胜的故事，让人深思不已。
接下来，我将从内容概述、角色分析、语言特点、主题思考等方面，为您详细解析这部作品。
一、内容概述《Petey》的故事围绕着一个天真无邪、活泼可爱的男孩展开。
这本书通过一系列充满趣味的日常生活场景，展示了Petey成长过程中的喜怒哀乐。
在阅读过程中，我们会发现，Petey的成长不仅仅是个人的成长，更是那个时代英国社会的缩影。
作者通过这个天真烂漫的孩子，让我们看到了人性的光辉与美好。
二、角色分析在这个故事中，主人公Petey是一个充满好奇心、热爱生活的孩子。
他身上所展现出的纯真与善良，让我们不禁感叹童心的宝贵。
与此同时，书中还塑造了一系列生动鲜明的配角，如Petey的父母、老师、朋友等。
他们共同构成了一个充满爱意的世界，为Petey的成长提供了良好的环境。
三、语言特点J.B.Priestley的语言功底深厚，作品中的人物对话真挚、细腻，极具生活气息。
作者运用生动的描绘手法，将Petey的内心世界和成长环境展现得栩栩如生。
在阅读过程中，我们仿佛置身于故事之中，与Petey共同经历着成长的喜悦与困惑。
四、主题思考《Petey》这部作品，让我们思考成长、家庭、教育等诸多方面的问题。
通过Petey的故事，我们认识到，一个人的成长离不开家人、朋友和社会的关爱。
同时，家庭教育和学校教育在个体成长过程中的作用也不容忽视。
这本书为我们提供了一个思考人生、探讨教育的窗口。
五、总结与建议总之，《Petey》是一部充满人间烟火气息的成长故事。
它以独特的视角，展现了人性的美好与成长过程中的困境。
阅读这部作品，不仅能够感受到温馨的家庭氛围，还能从中汲取成长的智慧。
在此，我向大家强烈推荐这本书，希望它能为你的生活带来一丝温暖和启示。
感谢您的关注，希望我的分享能为您带来愉悦的阅读体验。
J.B.Priestley
From 1919 Priestley studied literature, history and political science at Bradford and at Cambridge, receiving his B.A. in 1921. From 1922 he worked as a journalist in London, starting his career as an essayist and critic at various newspapers and periodicals, including the New Statesman.
Works of history: The Edwardians (1970) Victoria's Heyday (1972).
Mystery stories, social criticism: • English Journey (1934), •Rain upon Gadshill (1939), •Thoughts in the Wilderness • The Happy Dream (1976).
A man of versatility. He was a patriot, cosmopolitan Yorkshire man, professional amateur, cultured Philistine, reactionary radical, and a common-sense spokesman for the ordinary man-in-the-street. Priestley refused both knighthood and peerage, but accepted in 1977 the prestigious Order of Merit.
growing old
• Long Island (Paragraph 2) • an island that forms the southeastern par
t of New York. The island consists of crowde d urban areas, large suburban areas, and smaller residential towns.
Multiple-choice quetions:
• • • • • 1.B 2.D 3.C 4.D 5.A
第一PPT模板网：
Questions for discussion:
1. Why does the author mean when he says "To
flatter and pamper the young for ten years is to leave them increasingly dissatisfied for the next fifty."? The author refers to the danger of lavishing too much care on the young. As a result, they may be discontented both in regards to their day-to-day activities and their outlook for the future. As they are supremely confident that their destinies lie within their own control, they may not honour old people. They may be disengaged from social problems and uninvolved with the world outside home.
女人与美
女人与美女人爱美是天性使然，男人臭美也是本色流露。
J.B. 普利斯特莱（J.B. Priestley）看出这一点，遂在《女人和时装》（Women and Clothes）中说，男子看自己大抵透过一层“往好里想”的迷雾，从不认为自己如他人所云一身赘肉或者瘦成了皮包骨。
女人们呢，则绝无诸如此类虚幻之念。
她们在费尽心思把自己变得很美时，绝对是眼光犀利而又实事求是。
女人不会像毕达哥拉斯一样看到三角形，就能体会到美感，也不会仅仅“为悦己者容”。
女人和美暧昧不清。
“美女”一词，是这两者互相爱慕的产物。
当美被赋予女人身上，女人就有了力量。
这力量不似男子之力能撼天动地，却是一种温柔绵长的吸引或是牵魂摄梦的触动，往往使观者欲罢不能。
《陌上桑》中，“行者见罗敷，下担捋髭须。
少年见罗敷，脱帽著帩头。
耕者忘其犁，锄者忘其锄。
来归相怒怨，但坐观罗敷。
”就是一斑。
爱美而不得的女人是极少数，几乎所有女人都有美丽之处。
但多数女人对自己的美抱有怀疑心理，她们用首饰，服饰，化妆品等来消除这种怀疑，可又收获甚微。
怀疑不消，消除怀疑的欲望就不灭，因此女人使自己变美的手段总是层出不穷。
古有东施效颦，今在韩国整容。
女人的性情与美相近。
女人是感性的动物，而研究美的学问，称之为Aesthetic，起初的意思是感性学，后来翻译成了美学。
《说文》上，美，甘也，从羊大。
羊在六畜主给膳也。
这与女人性善而且多为吃货不谋而合。
女人情感丰富且细腻，不爱逻辑推理，而美就是一种情绪体验。
因而对女人来说艺术的魅力永远大于算术。
莱布尼茨有言，画家和其他艺术家们对于什么好和什么不好，尽管很清楚地意识到却往往不能替他们的这种审美趣味找出理由，如果有人问到他们，他们就会回答说，他们不欢喜的那种作品缺乏一点我说不出来的什么。
知道作品美或不美，却说不出个中缘由。
天哪，这话放在任何一个女人身上都合适。
女人热爱美，当然也创造美。
艺术是美的表达，女人作为美的另一种载体作艺术就是美上加美。
j.b.priestley 高级英语
J.B.普利斯特利高级英语教学研究一、介绍J.B.普利斯特利（J.B. Priestley）是20世纪英国杰出的作家和评论家，他的作品在英国文学史上具有重要地位。
在他的许多作品中，包括小说、剧本和散文，他的语言运用都非常精湛，给人留下了深刻的印象。
尤其是在英语教学领域，普利斯特利的高级英语教材一直备受推崇。
二、普利斯特利的高级英语教材特点1. 语言规范普利斯特利的高级英语教材注重语言的规范性和准确性。
在他的教材中，对语法、词汇和语言用法进行了深入的剖析和讲解，使学习者能够更加准确地掌握英语语言的要点和重点。
2. 内容丰富普利斯特利的高级英语教材内容涵盖广泛，涉及到了文学、历史、文化、社会等多个领域。
通过丰富多彩的教学内容，学习者可以更加全面地了解英语国家的社会发展、文化传统和历史背景，从而更好地理解和运用英语语言。
3. 口语强调普利斯特利的高级英语教材强调口语的重要性，注重学习者的口语表达能力培养。
他通过大量的口语训练、口语对话练习等方式，帮助学习者更好地掌握英语口语表达的技巧和方法。
4. 实用性强普利斯特利的高级英语教材重视语言的实用性，注重学习者在实际交流中的应用能力。
他通过实用场景的模拟、实践性的综合练习等方式，帮助学习者更好地运用英语语言进行实际交流。
5. 个性化教学普利斯特利的高级英语教材注重个性化教学，尊重学习者的个性特点和学习习惯。
他在教学中注重学习者的自主性和活跃性，通过灵活多样的教学方式和方法，激发学习者的学习兴趣，激发他们的学习动力。
三、普利斯特利的高级英语教材的价值普利斯特利的高级英语教材以其丰富的教学内容、规范的语言规范、强调口语能力、实用性强和个性化教学等特点备受推崇，具有重要的教学价值。
通过学习普利斯特利的高级英语教材，可以有效提高学习者的英语语言水平，增强他们的语言运用能力，开拓他们的国际视野，增强他们的跨文化交际能力，为他们的未来发展培养良好的语言基础。
四、普利斯特利的高级英语教材的启示1. 尊重学习者的个性普利斯特利在教学中始终尊重学习者的个性特点和学习习惯，注重灵活多样的教学方式和方法。
电的基本知识电的概念
电的基本知识电的概念电是一种自然现象，是一种能量。
那么你对电了解多少呢?以下是由店铺整理关于电的基本知识的内容，希望大家喜欢!电的基本知识——基本概念电是一种自然现象，是一种能量。
电是像电子和质子这样的亚原子粒子之间的产生排斥力和吸引力的一种属性。
它是自然界四种基本相互作用之一。
电或电荷有两种：我们把一种叫做正电、另一种叫做负电。
通过实验我们发现带电物体同性相斥、异性相吸，其吸引力或排斥力遵从库仑定律。
电是个一般术语，包括了许多种由于电荷的存在或移动而产生的现象。
这其中有许多很容易观察到的现象，像闪电、静电等等，还有一些比较生疏的概念，像电磁场、电磁感应等等。
用来称呼许多种不同的自然现象，一般只需使用“电”这单字就已足以胜任。
但是，用于科学领域，这术语的意思显得相当模糊。
必须使用更明确的术语来区分各种各样不同的概念。
电荷：某些亚原子粒子的内涵性质。
这性质决定了它们彼此之间的电磁作用。
带电荷的物质会被外电磁场影响，同时，也会产生电磁场。
电流：带电粒子的移动，通常以安培为度量单位。
电场：由电荷产生的一种影响。
附近的其它电荷会因这影响而感受到电场力。
电势：单位电荷在静电场的某一位置所拥有的电势能，通常以伏特为度量单位。
电磁作用：电磁场与静止或运动中的电荷之间的一种基本相互作用。
电的基本知识——电的现象很久以前，就有许多术士致力于研究电的现象。
可是，所得到的结果真是乏善可陈，少之又少。
直到十七和十八世纪，才出现了一些在科学方面重要的发展和突破。
在那时，科学家并没有找到什么电的实际用途。
这要等到十九世纪末期，由于电机工程学的进步，把电带进了工业和家庭里面。
在这个电气研发的黄金时代，日新月异、连绵不断的快速发展带给了工业和社会，难以形容、无法想像的巨大改变。
做为能源的一种供给方式，电所具有的多重优点，意味着电的用途几乎是无可限量。
例如，大众交通、取暖、照明、电讯、计算等等，都必须用电为主要能源。
来到二十一世纪，现代工业社会的骨干仍旧依赖著电能源。
《罪恶之家》与七宗罪
《罪恶之家》与七宗罪作者：周莹来源：《青年文学家》2019年第12期摘; 要：《罪恶之家》是一部由英国剧作家J.B.Priestley创作的三幕剧，被认为是20世纪英国戏剧界的经典作品之一。
于1945年9月首次公映。
该剧描绘了上层中产阶级伯林一家的命运是如何在一夜之间经历剧烈变化，所有这些都是由一位检察官的意外探访揭示了关于这个家族一个骇人听闻的故事引起的。
该剧自上映以来便受到多方追捧，取得了持久成功，同时也受到了多方批评。
关键词：《罪恶之家》;宗教视角;七宗罪作者简介：周莹（1991.6-），女，汉族，陕西省延安市人，延安大学外国语学院外国语言学及应用语言学专业，研究方向：英美文学方向。
[中图分类号]：J8; [文献标识码]：A[文章编号]：1002-2139（2019）-12--011、故事背景故事发生在1912年，第一次世界大战爆发前夕，英国陷入了经济萧条，整个帝国都处于虚假繁荣之中，尤其是贵族和新兴的资产阶级，故事中的伯林家族就是典型。
当被问及未来时，父亲阿瑟伯林一个“脸色阴沉的人”，评论说战争不太可能发生，因为“有太多的利害关系，……战争没有任何好处”。
剧中，伯林家族代表了新的上层资本主义家庭，他们通过勤劳积聚了巨额财富，并试图通过跻身贵族行列来保障家族的未来。
故事中的阶级固化趋势日益明显，从伯林家族与在政治上拥有更多权势的克罗夫特家族联姻就能看出。
有阶级固化的地方，必然就会有扩大的阶级差距。
史密斯伊娃的死，我们故事中的“隐形”女主角，表明一个事实，即伯林家族的蓬勃发展是靠剥削和压迫普通工人实现的，如伊娃被迫失业，间接导致了她后来的悲剧。
尽管伯林家族努力淡化资本家和下层工人之间的冲突，但这种冲突依然存在，并日益恶化。
几乎与此同时，在俄国，类似的冲突在社会主义思潮的推动下，发展成为一股强大的力量，足以推翻任何挡阻碍它发展的力量，并在五年后结束了罗曼诺夫王朝。
综上所述，1912年的英国走到了历史的十字路口，即使表面上无比繁荣，也无法抵御后来拖垮大英帝国的反动势力。
重大生物学方面的历史事件
请老师帮忙总结一下高中课本（人教版）中涉及到的重大生物学方面的历史事件答：高中生物学教材中出现的生物科学家出总结如下：：19世纪30年代，德国植物学家施莱登(M．J．Sehleiden，18o4—1881)和动物学家施旺(T．Schwann，1810—1882)提出了细胞学说，指出细胞是一切动植物结构的基本单位。
1859年，英国生物学家达尔文(C．R．Darwin，1809—1882)出版了《物种起源》一书，科学地阐述了以自然选择学说为核心的生物进化理论。
1900年，孟德尔(G．Mendel，1822- 1884)发现的遗传定律被重新提出，生物学迈进第2个阶段——实验生物学阶段。
1944年，美国生物学家艾弗里(O．Avery，1877-1955)用细菌做实验材料，第1次证明了DNA是遗传物质。
1953年，美国科学家沃森(J．D．Watson，1928——)和英国科学家克里克(F．Crick，1916-2004)共同提出了DNA分子双螺旋结构模型。
这是20世纪生物科学最伟大的成就，标志着生物科学的发展进入了一个新的阶段——分子生物学阶段。
1773年，意大利科学家斯帕兰札尼(L．Spallanzani，1729- 1799)，通过实验证明，胃液有化学性消化作用。
1836年，德国科学家施旺(T．Schwann，1810—1882)，从胃液中提取出胃蛋白酶。
(第2次出现) 1926年，美国科学家萨姆纳(J．B．Sumner，1887—1955)，从刀豆种子中提取出脲酶的结晶，并且通过化学实验证实脲酶是一种蛋白质。
20世纪80年代，美国科学家切赫(T．R．Cech，1947一)和奥特曼(S．Ahman，1939一)发现少数RNA也有生物催化作用。
1771年，英国科学家普里斯特利(J．Priestley，1733—18o4)，通过实验发现植物可以更新空气。
1864年，德国科学家萨克斯(J．yon Sachs，1832—1897)，通过实验证明光合作用产生了淀粉。
高级英语第二册Lesson11The_Future_of_the__English[1]
![高级英语第二册Lesson11The_Future_of_the__English[1]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/0a398fe34afe04a1b071de80.png)
Aims
4) Helping students to understand some difficult words and expressions; 5) Helping students to understanding rhetorical devices; 6) Encouraging students to voice their own viewpoint fluently and accurately.
3.offers more and more things for more and more money, creates the so-called “Good Life” 4.operates in the outer visible world 5.a poster in full colour
Detailed Study of the Essay
Pre-class work:
1. What do you think the author is going to focus on: the future of the English as an international language, the future of the English as a nation or the future of the English people? 2. You are supposed to figure out the type of the essay from the title. It’s an imaginary fiction forecasting the future of the English or not? 3. What do you think the future of your own country and people would be like?
Unit12 Text2 Growing old
Text Growing OldJ.B.Priestley11 In spite of all this "problem of the aged" stuff, all the arrangement and possible arrangements, all the national or regional councils and societies, this is a bad world, perhaps the worst there ever was, in which to reach old age.2 To begin with, ours is a world that changes too quickly. Even I, fortunate in my work and circumstances and tougher than most old people, have now had about as much as I can take. I feel already that I am half in science fiction2 . The sensible world I knew how to cope with is vanishing. What a lad of twenty takes for granted, I regard with increasing horror. Those monster blocks of flat that are going up everywhere, from here to Hong Kong! (I saw an interrelated group of them in Singapore that could house the whole population of Cambridge. ) Or, where people won't live in flats, those detached or semi-detached villas3 that go on for ever! Or those bewildering networks of motor roads, as on Long Island4 or in southern California, where the cars never stop, looking at a distance like an invasion of beetles! All the more and more with less and less variety! As if sheer numbers might turn us soon into something like insects, whose lives might ultimately be controlled entirely by machines! I am willing to believe that the young see it all quite differently: I have lived too long to interpret the huge changing scene in ordinary human terms.3I cannot help remembering, though, that for thousands of generations not only were the old able to cope with the world but it was agreed that it was they who were better able to cope than anybody else. They were in fact respectfully consulted as experienced copers5 . Grandfather was not a problem but a solver of problems. And clearly there is much to be said in favor of societies that honored old age and did not put all the emphasis on youth. All the people in those societies had something to look forward to. Everybody was moving towards the prizes and not away from them. To flatter and pamper the young isn't wonderful, then why all the fuss? If it is wonderful, then the young creatures who enjoy it can stand being given a few orders and shouted at. Why put everybody on a convey belt to disenchantment and despair?64 There would be some excuse for me if I took to drug "for kicks"7 or went out at night to smash things, because after all, in what is now the fashionable view, I am old and almost done for and might as well play merry hell8 before I am bedridden. If I don't do these things, then it is because I have more sense and know better. But the prevailing philosophy of our society suggests I haven't more sense and don't know better, just because I am no longer young. Meanwhile, the youngsters who get up to these antics may be influenced by the idea that theirs is the only time of life worth living, that they have nothing to look forward to, so in secret despair they take something "for kicks" or satisfy their inward rage by smashing things that don't belong to them.5Both in life and in arts, no doubt, it is best if there is a certain give-and-take9 between the generations. But if in the arts it is bad for the old to be in the saddle10 , it is even worse for the young to be there, galloping to nowhere. After that, if they had a genuinely original personal vision, they could rebel against accepted forms, each in his own way. But now we have art students who won't be taught anything, being young and therefore geniuses. This is not really a rebellion against the standards of the old but against art itself. In this growing chaos we are threatened with the disappearance of the artist himself, the man who really knows how to do something that most of us cannot do. There are signs that music, literature and the drama are going the same way.6When I was young we were just young, weren't Young. In those days, Young hadn't arrived. Now not only has it arrived but there seems no escaping from it. Illustrated periodicals, especially if they use color, all appear to be passionately devoted to Youth. One of them ought to produce a special number, all deep purple and black, describing the tragedy of thirtieth birthday. This new cult of Youth is largely an Admass11 device. What Admass (my term for a system, not for a number of people ) wants to do ----and nobody can say it isn't succeeding----is to persuade us that first and last we are consumers. We are here on earth to earn, spend, consume. (And this must be the lowest view humanity has ever taken of itself. The social and psychological consequences may be discovered all around us.) Youth is now the big spender. The young have more money to chuck about than anybody except the really rich. They snow pound notes on certain industries. So in those periodicals in which the advertisements and the editorial matter begin to seem all one, we have this cult of Youth. The young are switched on; the rest of us have long been switched off; and as any sign of maturity is a disaster that must be postponed, the young will soon be younger still, school-children being given more and more attention.7 Another reason why this is a bad world to grow old in is that it is a world increasingly devoted to technology. I am no enemy of technology and gladly accept whatever benefits come my way. But its enormous importance puts the elderly into the shade12 . Just as we imagine that we are superior to our ancestors because we have technology and that they hadn't, so our young men feel they are better than their fathers and grandfathers because they are closer to technology expertise. Yet a man may have an impressive amount of mechanical ingenuity, sufficient to put other men into space, but behave like a spoiled child or a maniac in his personal life and be hypnotised by ideas that are wildly irrational. If this is the great technology age, it is also the age of collective psychoses13 in which money, time and effort have been wasted on fantastic illusions. I see no signs therefore that technology, for all its benefits, makes men wiser. It is true that age is no guarantee of wisdom----and God knows it is wisdom we need----but we might agree that an increasing knowledge of electronics is not an adequate substitute.8There is a final reason why we who are growing old must face a sharp challenge. In the late afternoon of life, going down the other side of the hill, we look towards Death. Just as youth must prepare itself to life, we must prepare ourself to die. Thisdoesn't mean we must mope and sicken; on the contrary, we must live fully but in a different way, broadening our base, losing much of our egoism to religion or culture, already reaching out, we might say, to immortality. Like Cleopatra14 , we should have immortal longings, though our immortality should belong to the spirit od man. ( As this is one of Jung15's favorite themes, I refer the reader to him. Try, as a generous tasting sample, his Psychological Reflections, edited by Jolande Jacobai.) Now we cannot pretend we live in a society that encourages this attitude of mind. Death it tries to ignore; the very word itself is avoided. Religions and culture are both shaky. There is a pretense that we are all on the morning side of the hill, and might soon, with the help of goats' blood or sheep's glands, stay there longer and longer. But if we who are growing old are wise, we shall reject this pretense, go unprotesting down the other side of the hill.9Be absolute for death; either death or life shall thereby be the sweeter...10We could do with a duke or tow as wise as that one.1,395 wordsNotes1.About the author John Boynton Priestley (1894--1984), English writer, was born in Bradford. He served in the infantry during World War I, after which he attended the University of Cambridge. A newspaper essayist and critic, he wrote on a variety of subjects and often revealed his opposition to materialism and mechanization in society.2. I feel already that I am half in science fiction (Paragraph 2) I feel already that I live partly in a senseless world which I don't know how to cope with.3.Semi-detached villas (Paragraph 2) A semi-detached house is joined to another house by one shared wall. A detached house is not joined to another building on any side. A terraced house is a house that is part of a row of houses that are joined together.4. Long Island (Paragraph 2) an island that forms the southeastern part of New York. The island consists of crowded urban areas, large suburban areas, and smaller residential towns.5. Coper (Paragraph 3) a person who deals successfully with a difficult problem or situation6. Why put everybody on a conveyor belt to disenchantment and despair? (Paragraph 3) Why drive everybody to feel disappointed with their lives and the future?7. For kicks (Paragraph 4) (to do sth. Dangerous or harmful) to get a feeling of excitement Apparently she steals from supermarkets just for kicks.8. Play merry hell (Paragraph 4) to live or behave recklessly or riotously9. Give-and-take (Paragraph 5) a willingness between tow people or groups to understand each other, and to let both of them have some of the things they want In any relationship there always has to be some give-and-take.10.Be into the saddle (Paragraph 5) to be in a position in which you have power or authorityHe has been in the saddle for 30 years now, and it's time he retired.11.Admass (Paragraph 6) the part of society that can be influenced by advertising or publicity.12.Put sth. or sb. into the shade (Paragraph 7) to be so good or impressive that other similar things or people seem much less important or interestingWell Arthur, your choir puts our little town chorus into the shade.13.Psychoses (Paragraph 7) a psychiatric disorder such as schizophrenia or mania that is marked by delusions, hallucinations, incoherence, and distorted perceptions of reality14.Cleopatra (Paragraph 8) (69-30B.C.) queen of ancient Egypt (51-30B.C.) and mistress of Julius Caesar and later of Mark Antony. After the Battle of Actium she killed herself with an asp to avoid becoming the prisoner of Octavian.15.Jung (Paragraph 8) Jung, Carl Gustav (1875-1961), Swiss psychiatrist, who founded the analytical school of psychologyQuestions for discussion1.What does the author mean when he says " To flatter and pamper the young for ten years is to leave them increasingly dissatisfied for the next fifty."?2.What is the author's intent in Paragraph 4?3.What is the main criticism directed against the orientation of modern times?4.What is the meaning of the author's reference to "goats' blood" and "sheep's glands"?5.What is the author's point of view toward growing old?。
高级英语2读书报告
Lesson8 The Future of the English J.B.Priestley Recently, I read a passage named ―The Future of the English‖. It was taken from Priestley's book The English (1973), is loosely organized and it is partly exposition and partly argumentation.J.B.Priestley(1894—1984), English novelist, playwright and essayist. He wrote 26 novels, and numerous plays and essays. Although Priestley looks satirically at his country and countrymen in some of his works, he was nevertheless a fervent believer in the goodness of life, people, and England. In 1977, he was awarded the Order of Merit, an honor limited to twenty-four ―living greats‖ one of the highest honors in England.The thesis of the exposition is stated in the title. The writer is trying to explain the future of the English people but he doesn't really state what that future is going to be. He leaves the question open and concludes the essay with statements pointing out what he thinks will help the English people to face the future properly and not to be defeated by a poorer and harder way of life. He thinks the English need both a direction and a great lift of the great lift of the heart and they must not reject their Englishness.The writer talks about the future of the English because a battle has been going on for some time: the conflict between ―Admass, which has already conquered most of the Western World, and Englishness, ailing and impoverished, in no position to receive vast subsidies of dollars, francs, Deutschmarks and the rest, for public relatio ns and advertising campaigns.‖ Then the author focuses on what will decide the result or future of the conflict. He argues that ―while things are important, states of mind are even more important.‖ Though he doesn't say what the future of the English is, he does explain what the future of the English hangs upon. Their future depends on the outcome of the struggle between their Englishness and Admass；on the role the English workers and their union bosses play；on the role the men and the women in the professional classes play；on how the young develop；on the kind of political leaders they have；on whether they reject their Englishness or not.―The Future of the English‖ is rather informal piece of argumentation so the writer doesn't marshal enough evidence to prove his point. In fact he appeals more to the emotions of his English readers than to their reason to drive home his point of view. In my opinion, I think we don't have to agree with everything Priestley says to conclude that the essay is highly readable. The reader is moved by the sincerity and intensity of the feelings of the writer and feels that the writer, perhaps, has the right instinctive feeling of what the English are like. Priestley's smooth and polished style makes the essay a pleasure to read.Lesson9 The Loons Margaret Laurence Recently, I read a passage named ―The Loons‖, which was written by Margaret Laurence, who was born in Neepawa, Manitoba in Canada. She spent eight years in Africa. ―The Loons‖ was first broadcast by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation in 1963 and published in the Atlantic Advocate in 1966 before it was collected in A Birdin the House in1970.Since then the short story has been widely anthologized. The story chronicles the life of Piquette Tonnerre and depicts the cultural and racial alienation felt by this Métis girl.The first two paragraphs of the story provide background information about the Tonnerre family. During the rebellion of the Indians and Métis let by Riel, Grandfather Jules took part in the battle at Batoche. The Tonnerres lived in a ―small aquare cabin.‖ They didn't have regular jobs. They were marginalized by the white-dominated society, unable to lead a decent life. They also found it impossible to fit into the mainstream and difficult to be assimilated comfortably.In Paragraph 3 the narrator introduces old Jule's granddaughter, Lazarus's daughter, Piquette. At school, Piquette felt out of place and ill at ease with the white children. Paragraphs4 to 15 describe how the MacLeod family discussed whether they should take Piquette to their house at Diamond Lake for the summer. The next section from Paragraph 16 to Paragraph 47 is the central part of the story, describing the relationship between the two girls during the summer. Paragraphs 48 to 62 describe their second encounter. Piquette talked about going to marry an ―English fella‖ with a ―real classy name.‖ The next part of the story describes how Vanessa learned about Piquette's life after marriage and her life. In fact her situation became more and more messed up. The concluding part containing Paragraphs 71 to 75 describe the narrator's revisit to Diamond Lake, now renamed Lake Wapatkata. She found the loons on the lake had disappeared. The story ends with the narrator's reflections on Piquette and the loons.Through this passage, I have learned a lot. I think the narrative voice of the story deserves our attention. The story is not only about Piquette but also about the development of the narrator Vanessa. Another thing that attracts our attention is the use of symbolism in this story. When we read the story closely and think analytically. And we learn the way to read literature.Lesson 10 The Discovery of What It Means to Be an AmericanJames BaldwinRecently, I read a passage named "The Discovery of What It Means to Be an American ―, which impressed me a lot. It was written by James Baldwin, an Afro-American writer, born in Harlem, in New York City. I n protest against the racial discrimination he left the US at 24 to live in France, where most of his work was written. This passage is a piece of expository writing. The central thesis of the exposition is expressed by the title of the essay.To develop the thesis, Baldwin is writing on three levels:1) as an American, 2) as an American writer and 3) as a black American writer. First, Baldwin discovered in Europe that the American was different from the European. He also discovered that all American, white or black, loved their country and were not at home in Europe; that Americans knew more about each other than any European ever could; that Europe was part of their identity and part of their inheritance. Upon these discoveries, Baldwin suffered a kind of breakdown and went off into the mountains of Switzerlandfor rest. There he listened to the songs of the black singer Bessie Smith. Her tone and rhythm helped him to remember the way he must have spoken even he was a child. In Europe, Smith helped him to accept the fact he was a black American. He compared the difference between a artier in Europe and in America. He pointed out that ―a European writer considers himself to be part of an old and honorable tradition‖ and his choice of becoming a man of letters did not cause him any uneasy feelings while an American writer usually s uffered what could be called ―social paranoia‖. Only in Europe could he ―reach out to everyone‖, be ―accessible to everyone‖ and ―open to everything‖. In this way, American writers felt their own weight, their own value. From this passage, I think Europe did have a profound impact on Baldwtwin, where, perhaps for the first time, he was free of the crippling effect of being a discriminated black. In Europe he was forced to reassess and reconsider many things he had always taken from granted. This and the acceptance of his Afro-American origins had made him the militant black writer that he was.Lesson 11 Four Laws of Ecology Barry Commoner Recently, I read a passage named ―Four Laws of Ecology‖, which was written by Barry Commoner. He is an American biologist, college professor, and eco-socialist, who is regarded as one of the founders of the environmental movement. His book entitled The Closing Circle: Nature, Man, and Technology addresses the fundamental issues about ecology. ―Four Laws of Ecology‖ is taken from Chapter 2 ―The Ecosphere‖ o f this book. In this book, Commoner suggests that the American economy should be restructured to conform to the unbending laws of ecology.In the part chosen as our test, the writer defines the term ecology as the science that studies the relationships and the processes linking each living each living thing to the physical and chemical environment. Ecology is the science of planetary housekeeping. There are four basic laws of ecology. The first law is ―Everything Is Connected to Everything Else.‖ This law reflects ―the existence of the elaborate network of interconnections in the ecosphere: among different living organisms, and between populations, species, and individual organisms and their physicochemical surroundi ngs.‖ The second law is ―Everything Must Go Somewhere.‖ This is simply a somewhat informal restatement of a basic law of physics-that matter is indestructible. Applied to ecology, the law emphasizes that in nature there is no such thing as ―waste.‖ The third law is ―Nature Knows Best.‖ The write points out, to provide food, clothing, shelter, and means of communication and expression which are superior to those available to man in nature. However, the third law of ecology holds that any major man-made change in a natural system is likely to be detrimental to that system. The fourth law is ―There Is No Such Thing as a Free Lunch.‖ In ecology the law is intended to warn that every gain is won at some cost.I think this passage is a wonderful piece of scientific writing. Such writings can be very difficult for readers without the relevant educational background. But Commoner manages to write so that it is not so hard for ordinary readers to understand. After learning this passage, I realize how important it is to protect environment and live efficient with it.Lesson 13 The Mansion: A Subprime Parable Michael Lewis Recently, I read a passage named ―The Mansion: A Subprime Parable‖. From the title, the essay has to do with the subprime mortgage crisis that occurred in America in the late 2000s. Yet in this essay the author, Michael Lawis, an American contemporary non-fiction author and financial journalist, who has a master’s degree in economics from the London School of Economics, does not explain the subprime mortgage in economic terms with economic theories. Instead, he tells a story, which he calls a parable, to reveal the root cause of the crisis.From the passage, we know that there are many factors leading to the bust of the housing bubble in America. In all the public finger-pointing about the American real estate bust, surprisingly little attention has been paid to its origin. Why do Americans attach such importance to their houses？The reason is that a house is a symbol showing how well（or bad）a person is doing. The trouble is when people buy or rent a house better and larger than they can afford, they are no longer the owners of the house, but they are owned by the house. To illustrate and prove his view, the author relates his own experience of renting a mansion in New Orleans. When he was a boy, the author was fascinated by this big mansion. When he and his family moved to live in New Orlean from California, he rented the dream house, then he describe the following housing problem. All houses have problems like plumbing. But the problems posed by the mansion were different from the problems posed by most other houses. Such as, there was the communication inconvenience. If you wanted to find somebody in the house, yelling was not helpful for your voice was lost in the vast space.After reading this passage, I have learned a lot. The story is told in a rather light and informal style with a touch of humor. In the essay, the author inserts comments into story about the subprime mortgage crisis and A mericans’ desire for better and larger houses they cannot afford. The essay is mainly a piece of narration, but a variety of other writing modes are also employed in this essay such as exposition, argumentation and description.Lesson 14 Faustian Economics Wendell Berry Recently, I read a passage named ―Faustian Economics‖, written by Wendell Berry. He is an American man of letters, academic, cultural and economic critic, and farmer. He is a prolific author of novels, short stories, poems, and e ssays. ―Faustian Economics‖ is a piece of strong argumentation. The purpose of argumentation is to convince. The essay has chosen not only a universally important but also a debatable topic: What kind of economics should we have？American economics is seen by many as a model to emulate. However, the writer challenges it by calling it Faustian economics. So the title itself makes it clear that the essay will criticize the current mode of economics. Such a topic will certainl y arouse the reader’s interest and concern.The argument of this essay is developed around the antithesis between limitlessness and limits. The writer points out human beings define themselves as limitlesscreatures. The writer argues that in the phrase ―free market,‖ the word ―free‖ has come to mean unlimited economic power for some, with the necessary consequence of economic powerlessness for others. In order to illustrate this point, he uses an example in Paragraph 19 in which two young veterinarians approach him with a question, which, in effect, is asking if a predatory economy can have a beneficent result. The writer’s answer is No. Then in the next paragraph he uses a contrary example to illustrate an alternative economy: community economics. Therefore, the logical conclusion is ―we will have to reexamine the economic structures of our lives, and conform them to the tolerances and limits of our earthly places. Where there is no more, our one choice is to make the most and the best of what we have.‖After reading this passage, I have known a lot. The writer presents this argumentation with firm conviction and great confidence. He never hesitates or wavers in his stand. To present an effective argumentation, the writer uses many formal words and expressions and complex sentence structures.Lesson 15 Disappearing Through the SkylightOsborne Bennet Hardison JrRecently, I read a passage named ―Disappearing Through the Skylight‖, written by Osborne Bennet Hardison Jr . He was born in San Diego, California in 1928 and was educated at the University of North Carolina and the University of Wisconsin. He is well-known for his profound insights into the change in modern culture brought about by modern science and technology. His provocative views are stimulating and informative.In the preface and prologue of Disappearing Through the Skylight, he states his views succinctly and explicitly. As for the central them of this book, the writer says:―This book is about the ways culture has changed in the pas t century, changing the identities of all those born into it. Its metaphor for the effect of change on culture is ―disappearance‖. In this key chapter, as the title suggests, the writer puts forward his central theme of ―disappearance‖–nature disappears and even the solid banks disappear through their skylights‖. Another important idea he puts forward is the universalizing tendency of science and technology. The basic concepts of science are understood, accepted and adopted by scientists all over the world. There is only one science of thermodynamics, genetics, etc. The third concept is, ―If man creates machines, machines in turn shape their creators.‖ The modern man is no longer a unique individual, the product of a special environment and culture. The homogeneous world he now lives in universalizes him. He becomes a cosmopolitan, a citizen of the world. Finally, the disappearance of history is a form of liberation and this feeling of liberation is often expressed through play. The playfulness of science has produced game theory and virtual particles；in art it has produced the paintings of Picasso and Joan Miro and so on. And about the stylistic features of this piece of writing, it deals with a lot of scientific and technological information cannot help but still exhibit certain features of scientific English. In cannot avoid using a lot ofscientific and technical terms, such as thermodynamics, genetics, genetic mutations, ect. Most sentences are short and to the point and the simple present tense is used to express a universal statement. A scientist tries to keep his limited objective in view, so the writer tries to write clearly, concisely, objectively and logically.Aftering reading this passage, I know the writer’s writing skill. He does not follow strictly the style of scientific writing because he is trying to reach a wider audience, nonscientists and scientists alike, and because he is treating a broader subject, ―the culture we inhabits‖. All the material, however, is clearly and logically organized. His views are generally clearly and succinctly presented as a topic sentence at the beginning of a paragraph and then developed or illustrated in the paragraph itself or by succeeding paragraphs.。
经典英语散文(精选10篇)
经典英语散文〔精选10篇〕篇1：英语散文英语散文became a searcher,wanting to find out who I was and what made me unique. My view of myself was changing. I wanted a solid base to start from. I started to resist3 pressure to act in ways that I didn’Each of us holds a unique place in the world. You are special,no matter what others say or what you may think. So forget about being replaced. You can’我成了一个探寻者，想要知道自己到底是谁，又是什么让我变得独一无二。
我的人生观开场改变。
我需要一个巩固的根底来开展，我忍受住压力，不再做自己不喜欢做的事。
而且我为真实的我感到快乐。
渐渐地我越发肯定自己无可替代每个人在这个世界上都占有一个独一无二的位置。
无论别人说什么，你自己怎么想，你都是特别的。
所以，不要担忧自己会被取代，因为你永远是惟一的Just as you need air to breathe, you need opportunity to succeed. It takes more than justbreathing in the fresh air of opportunity, however. You must make use of that opportunity. That's not up to the opportunity. That's up to you. It doesn't matter what “floor” the opportunity is on. What matters is what you do with it. 正如你需要空气来呼吸，你也需要机遇来获得成功。
我本是高山影评作文
我本是高山影评作文英文回答：In the realm of literature and film, "As I Walked Out One Midsummer Morning" stands as a poignant and evocative exploration of the complexities of human life. J.B. Priestley's profound insights into the fragility of existence and the bittersweet nature of human relationships are astutely portrayed in the film's subtle and evocative storytelling.The film follows the journey of an elderly man, Arnolphe, who, disillusioned by the superficiality of modern life and haunted by a painful past, embarks on a nostalgic pilgrimage to his former village. Amidst the familiar sights and sounds of his childhood, Arnolphe encounters a cast of characters who gradually weave together a rich tapestry of memories, regrets, and unfulfilled dreams.Through the character of Arnolphe, the film probes the complexities of human memory and the ways in which the past shapes the present. Priestley's exploration of thesubjective nature of memory is particularly resonant, as Arnolphe's recollections are often imbued with a romanticized nostalgia that both comforts and deceives him.The film's narrative is interspersed with moments of lyrical beauty and poetic introspection, which serve to amplify the emotional weight of Arnolphe's journey. The cinematography, evocative of English countryside landscapes, captures the beauty and melancholy that permeate the film. The soundtrack, a haunting and ethereal composition, addsan evocative layer that enhances the film's atmospheric and emotional impact.Characterized by its masterful storytelling, poignant performances, and profound exploration of human themes, "As I Walked Out One Midsummer Morning" is a filmic masterpiece that lingers in the memory long after the credits roll.中文回答：《我本是高山》这部电影以其细腻动人的叙事手法，深刻洞察了人性的复杂性以及人际关系的酸甜苦辣。
电的发明时间是在什么时候
电的发明时间是在什么时候我们的生活不能够没有电，而电的发明，也是科学史上划时代的一个重要发现。
下面是小编分享的电的发明的历史，一起来看看吧。
电的发明的历史公元1600年，英国医生吉尔伯特(1544～1603)做了多年的实验，发现了"电力"，"电吸引"等许多现象，并最先使用了"电力"，"电吸引"等专用术语，因此许多人称他是电学研究之父。
1734年法国人杜伐发现了同号电相互排斥，异号电相互吸引的现象。
1745，普鲁士(德国的前身)的一位副主教克莱斯特在实验中发现了放电现象18世纪中叶，在大洋彼岸的美国，大电学家富兰克林又做了多次实验，进一步揭示了电的性质，并提出了电流这一术语。
他认为电是一种没有重量的流体，存在于所有的物体之中。
如果一个物体得到了比它正常的份量更多的电，它就被称之为带正电(或"阳电");如果一个物体少于它正常份量的电，它就被称之为带负电(或"阴电")。
所谓放电就是正电流向负电的过程。
1800年春季，有关电流起因的争论有了进一步的突破。
伏打发明了著名的"伏打电池"。
这种电池是由一系列圆形锌片和银片相互交迭而成的装置，在每一对银片和锌片之间，用一种在盐水或其他导电溶液中浸过的纸板隔开。
银片和锌片是两种不同的金属，盐水或其他导电溶液作为电解液，它们构成了电流回路。
这是一种比较原始的电池，是由很多银锌电池连接而成的电池组。
但在当时，伏打能发明这种电池确是很不容易的。
伏打电池的发明使人们第一次获得了可以人为控制的持续电流，为今后电流现象的研究提供了物质基础，也为电流效应的应用打开了前景，并很快成为进行电磁学和化学研究的有力工具。
电是发明出来的吗很多人问电是谁发明的，首先说明电不是发明，是发现。
人类最早发现的电现象是摩擦起电现象。
公元前600年左右，古希腊正处于文化鼎盛的时期，贵族妇女外出时都喜欢穿柔软的丝绸衣服，带琥珀做的首饰。
构思新颖 针砭入微——谈《探长的查访》的戏剧结构
构思新颖针砭入微——谈《探长的查访》的戏剧结构
徐盛桓
【期刊名称】《外国文学研究》
【年(卷),期】1980()1
【摘要】在英国的现代剧作家中,普里斯特利(J.B.Priestley)是中国读者较为熟悉的一位。
在我国多次上映的电影《罪恶之家》,就是根据他的一个三幕剧《探长的查访》(AnInspector Calls)改编搬上银幕的。
《探》剧的故事发生在一九一○—一九一二年。
它以一个“探长”到资本家亚瑟·伯林家去调查女工伊娃·史密斯之死为契机,通过几个不同人物在被查询时所复述出来的事件,
【总页数】4页(P34-37)
【关键词】戏剧结构;探长;社会意义;剧作家;内心世界;戏剧艺术;艺术技巧;主题思想;人物性格;电影
【作者】徐盛桓
【作者单位】
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】I106
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a co-founder of the socialist Common Wealth Party in1942
a United Kingdom delegate to UNESCO conferences in 1946 and 1947. chairman of theater conferences in Paris in 1947 and in Prague the following year.
Novels: The Good Companions Angel Pavement (1930), Bright Day (1946) The Image Men (1969).
Works of history: The Edwardians (1970) Victoria's Heyday (1972).
president of the International Theatre Institute in 1949.
A man of versatility. He was a patriot, cosmopolitan Yorkshire man, professional amateur, cultured Philistine, reactionary radical, and a common-sense spokesman for the ordinary man-in-the-street. Priestley refused both knighthood and peerage, but accepted in 1977 the prestigious Order of Merit. --- more successfully than any other novelist in the first half of the 20th century --- thoughts and feelings of the ordinary Englishman --- a being whose character he outlines with vigor and good humor
Mystery stories, social criticism: • English Journey (1934), •Rain upon Gadshill (1939), •Thoughts in the Wilderness • The Happy Dream (1976). Plays: •Time and the Conways (1937) •Dangerous Corner (1932). •An Inspector Calls (1945), •The Glass Cage (1957)
Brief Introduction
2 金翠 110108100208
John Boynton Priestley (13 September 1894 – 14 August 1984), known as J. B. Priestley, was an English novelist, playwright，essayist ,broadcaster and also a socialist. Priestley's output was vast and varied he published over 120 books (usually light and optimistic in their tone), about 50 plays and essays.
From 1919 Priestley studied literature, history and political science at Bradford and at Cambridge, receiving his B.A. in 1921. From 1922 he worked as a journalist in London, starting his career as an essayist and critic at various newspapers and periodicals, including the New Statesman. After the outbreak of World War II Priestley gained fame as 'the voice of the common people'. He was a patriotic radio broadcaster, second only to Churchill.