esperanza_rising翻译
希腊罗马神话中的英语词汇
1、Flora：古希腊罗马神话中的花神。
她嫁给了西风之神Zephyr，丈夫送给她一座满是奇花异草的园子。
春天时，Flora和丈夫Zephyr手挽手在园子里漫步，他们一路走过的地方百花齐放。
Flora在现代英语里指代“植物”。
衍生词:flower，flour， flourish， floral， florist。
2、Muses(缪斯)：希腊神话中掌管艺术的诸神。
共九位，分别是历史、抒情诗、喜剧(牧歌、田园诗)、悲剧、歌舞、爱情诗、颂歌、天文、史诗。
Muses 的艺术衍生出单词music，Muses收藏艺术品的地方就是museum。
艺术带来的快乐便是amuse，amusement。
3、 Pan(潘)：牧神和森林之神，受打扰时会大声吼叫。
衍生词panic(惊慌，恐慌)。
4、Titan(泰坦)：曾统治世界的巨人族的一员。
Titan在现代英语里指代高大强壮的人，重要人物。
衍生词titanic意指巨大的，极大的。
“泰坦尼克号”即以此命名。
5、Zephyrus(泽费罗斯)：西风之神。
衍生词zephyr(西风，和风，微风)。
(张晨הָגוּפ 2010-04-09 03:13补充一个 Zephyr 衍生词风雨兰（/wiki/Zephyranthes）拉丁化形式Zephyranthes)6、 Atlas：希腊神话中Titans(泰坦)巨神之一，因背叛Zeus(宙斯)被罚在世界的西边尽头以双肩扛天。
16世纪地理学家麦卡脱把Atlas擎天图作为一本地图册的卷首插图。
后人争相效仿， atlas从此有了地图、地图集、身负重担的人的含义。
其他衍生词：Atlantic。
7、Ceres：庄稼保护神。
古罗马遭受大旱，教士们求助女巫占卜，占卜的结果是要立一位新的女神Ceres，向她供奉，这样她就会给大地带来雨水。
此后，Ceres就变成了庄稼的保护神。
cereal从拉丁语变化而来，意即“of Ceres”属于谷物女神的。
衍生词：cereals(谷类，早餐麦片)。
西班牙语初学者1000词汇
m.;m.,f. tr. f. adv. tr. m. tr. conj. tr. m. tr. f. f. m. tr. f. tr. f. f. adv. tr. f. f. prep. m. intr. tr. m. tr. tr. tr. m. f. f. f. f. m.,f. tr. tr. m. m. m. tr.
西班牙语；西班牙人 学，学习 课 首先 念，读 课文 评论 或者 能够 中文 解释，讲解 词 发烧 轿车 听诊 号脉 感冒 开处方，开药 药片 在……旁边 药店 那里 送，带 立即，马上 小姐 处方 为了，因为 分钟 回来 交，给 再见 再见 需要 放；搁下 相信 公共汽车 自行车 药 图书馆 上午 读者 求借 找到 题目 号码 纸 递给
siempre adv. 永远，总是 ocupado p.p. 忙碌，忙于 ducharse prnl. 淋浴 medianoche f. 半夜 acostarse prnl. 上床 pensar tr. 想 ayudar tr. 帮助 quehacer m. 事情，家务 no sólo ...sino también 不仅……而且 tanto adv. 如此，这样 empresario,ria m.,f. 企业家 ama de casa 家庭主妇 cierto adj. 确实的 qué va 哪里，哪哟 entonces adv. 于是，那么 antes que nadie 比（谁）都早 seguro adv. 肯定，保准 efectivamente adv. 确实如此 así adv. 这样 acerca de 关于 horario m. 作息时间，时刻表 parte f. 部分，地方 deber tr. 应该，想必 según prep. 根据 manera f. 方式 Occidente m. 西方 notable adj. 显著的 plato m. 盘子；（每道）菜 junto con 跟……一起 arroz m. 稻子，大米，米饭 pan m. 面包 palillo m. 小棍儿；筷子 sopa f. 汤 segundo adj. 第二个 tras prep. 在……之后 por último 最后 postre m. 饭后甜食 café m. 咖啡 costumbre f. 习惯 occidental adj. 西方的 persona f. （每个）人 propio adj. 自己的 cubierto m.（整套）餐具（刀、叉、匙） tenedor m. 叉 cuchillo m. 刀 cuchara f. 勺儿，汤匙 mirar tr. 看望
esperanza rising翻译
维基百科的英文版自己翻译的中文是逐句翻译的如果是通篇翻译再发个悬赏吧~啦啦啦~①可能是手工做的手提包，也可能是装针线的包，我也不知道②Mama’s rule 不知道是啥大概是妈妈说的话像golden rules一样③职工宿舍之类的地方Esperanza Rising的翻译The story begins in Aguascalientes, Mexico in 1930.故事发生在1930年墨西哥的阿瓜斯卡连特斯。
Esperanza is twelve years old and the daughter of Ramona and Sixto Ortega.Esperanza当年十二岁，是Ramona 和Sixto Ortega的女儿。
Esperanza's father is a rich rancher and landowner.Esperanza的父亲是一个富有的农场主兼地主。
Esperanza is excited because her birthday is approaching.Esperanza很激动因为她的生日快到了。
Her birthday is right after the servants finish harvesting the grapes.仆人们收割完葡萄就到了她生日的日子。
The night before Esperanza's birthday, Esperanza's mother, Ramona, her grandmother Abuelita, and theirhousekeeper, Hortensia, are very worried because Esperanza's father is late coming home from the fields.在Esperanza生日的前一夜，Esperanza的母亲Ramona，奶奶Abuelita，以及他们的管家Hortensia，非常焦虑因为Esperanza的父亲从庄园里回来晚了。
2022年人物介绍的英文_Character introduction 2篇
人物介绍的英文_Character introduction 2篇导读：关于”人物介绍“的英语作文范文2篇，作文题目：Character introduction。
以下是关于人物介绍的初中英语范文，每篇作文均为真题范文带翻译。
关于”人物介绍“的英语作文范文2篇，作文题目：Character introduction。
以下是关于人物介绍的初中英语范文，每篇作文均为真题范文带翻译。
高分英语作文1：Character introductionIntroduce a beautiful, kind and easygoing guy named jialishe. She is always smiling and independent. She likes dogs and cats.He likes language very much, like English, Spanish, German, French, Italian and so on. He always likes to joke with his friends. He is a single, active person, proficient in painting.She is a sunny girl. She likes to be a like her, but she just wants to be the best. She prays that everyone believes in God.She is a Christian. She is also a talkative person. She believes that God will give her the best, love, family and work.She will always love a person who grows up from a small age And I love kids.中文翻译：介绍一个叫贾丽舍的人，漂亮，善良，随和的家伙她总是微笑，很，喜欢狗和猫。
基础西班牙语词汇表格完整版
基础西班牙语词汇表格集团标准化办公室：[VV986T-J682P28-JP266L8-68PNN]上1.Vocabulario词汇表es 是，这是mi adj.我的tu adj.你的su adj.他（她、您）的moto f.摩托mesa f.桌子mapa m.地图pipa f.烟斗papám.爸爸mamá f.妈妈Ema 埃玛Pepe 贝贝Tomás托马斯amo 我爱a prep.（前置词）síadv.是的，对2yo pron.我él pron.他Ana 安娜Susana 苏珊娜Antonio 安东尼奥esto pron.这个，这un 一个（用在阳性单数名词前）una 一个（用在阴性单数名词前）el （定冠词，用在阳性单数名词前）la （定冠词，用在阴性单数名词前）pato m.鸭子oso m.熊mono m.猴子pan m.面包sol m.太阳menúm.菜单sala f.厅，大厅lata f.罐头tapa f.盖子luna f.月亮sopa f.汤no adv.不，不是3vaso m.水杯aviso m.通知lobo m.狼nabo m.萝卜pavo m.火鸡búfalo m.水牛pera f.梨子bala f.子弹rana f.青蛙rama f.树枝rosa f.玫瑰花ventana f.窗veo 我看见Elisa 埃莉莎Roberto 罗伯特Ramón拉蒙Rosa 罗莎voy 我去isla f.岛屿，小岛Roma 罗马París巴黎vamos 我们去Panamá巴拿马bar m.酒吧Perú秘鲁vas 你去Europa 欧洲4quépron.什么cubo m.水桶espejo m.镜子dibujo m.图画；图案coco m.椰子dedo m.手指ojo m.眼睛reloj m.手表casa f.屋子，家cama f.床cuna f.摇篮camisa f.衬衣mano f.手cara f.脸boca f.嘴巴oreja f.耳朵tarjeta f.名片quién pron.谁director m.厂长，局长，老总ayudante m.助手alumno m.学生médico m.医生enfermero m.护理员，护士actor m. 男演员Quiénsabe!天晓得！5aquíadv.这里allíadv.那里alláadv.那里（较远）hay 有coche m.小汽车cine m.电影院parque m.公园llave f.钥匙cocina f.厨房calle f.街道en prep.在dos adj.二muchacho m.小伙子joven m.,adj.青年人，年轻的persona f.人salón m.课室，大厅silla f.椅子tazón m.碗palillo m.筷子árbol m.树comedor m.饭堂oficina f.办公室hotel m.旅馆hospital m.医院papel m.纸nada pron.（没有）任何东西mucho adj.,adv.很多；非常6túpron.你ella pron.她usted pron.您nosotros pron.我们vosotros pron.你们ellos pron.他们ellas pron.她们ustedes pron.诸位ser vi.是profesor m.教师obrero m.工人campesino m.农民intérprete m.翻译chino m.中国人；汉语japonés m.日本人；日语espa?ol m.西班牙人；西班牙语inglés m.英国人；英语alemán m.德国人；德语francés m.法国人；法语cuánto adj.,pron.多少libro m.书teatro m.剧院plato m.碟子pupitre m.课桌pluma f.钢笔fábrica f.工厂plaza f.广场centro m.市中心sólo adv.仅仅tres adj.三cinco adj.五ocho adj.八7Hola! interj.喂；你好！bueno adj.好的día m.日子Buenosdías早上好Juan 胡安Luisa 路易莎cómo adv.怎么样tellamas 你的名字叫……mellamo 我的名字叫……gusto m.喜欢，高兴muchogusto 很高兴（认识你）encantado adj.很高兴（认识你）estudiante m.,f.大学生también adv.也amigo m.朋友Cómoestás你好吗muy adj.非常bien adv.好gracias 谢谢clase f.课，课堂de prep.（表示从属）……的tenemos 我们有hoy adv.今天quéinterj.多么ahora adv.现在hasta prep.至；到为止luego adv.一会儿；然后Hastaluego! 一会儿见!再见!color m.颜色dequécolor什么颜色的pizarra f.黑板pared f.墙壁bicicleta f.自行车rojo adj.红色的verde adj.绿色的azul adj.蓝色的gris adj.灰色的negro adj.黑色的blanco adj.白色的amarillo adj.黄色的chaqueta f.外衣corbata f.领带pantalón m.裤子zapato m.鞋子calcetín m.袜子pero conj.但是hombre m.,interj.男人；好家伙posible adj.可能的cierto adj.真实的8este adj.这个ese adj.那个aquel adj.那个（较远）mío adj.我的tuyo adj.你的suyo adj.他（她、您）的nuestro adj.我们的vuestro adj.你们的patio m.院子José何塞María玛丽亚Pedro 佩德罗nuevo adj.新的viejo adj.旧的bonito adj.漂亮的feo adj.丑的unos adj.一些más adv.更sino conj.而是mira 你瞧varios adj.好几个compa?ero m.同学vecino m.邻居garaje m.停车场autobús m.公共汽车taxi m.的士entonces adv.那么，当时otro adj.另外的，另一个escritorio m.办公桌revista f.杂志jefe m.班长，头flor f.花periódico m.报纸pues conj.（用于加强语气）alguno pron.,adj.某个；某些los art.（阳性复数定冠词）las art.（阴性复数定冠词）9lunes m.星期一martes m.星期二miércoles m.星期三jueves m.星期四viernes m.星期五sábado m.星期六domingo m.星期天escuela f.学校biblioteca f.图书馆tienda f.商店aduana f.海关universidad f.大学ciudad f.城市playa f.海滩mercado m.市场supermercado m.超级市场banco m.银行；板凳campo m.农村restaurante m.餐馆instituto m.学院cuarto m.房间grande adj.大的peque?o adj.小的armario m.衣柜sofám.长沙发butaca f.短沙发lámpara f.灯florero m.花瓶teléfono m.电话ordenador m.电脑cuatro adj.四diccionario m.词典seis adj.六cuaderno m.练习本siete adj.七nueve adj.九lápiz m.铅笔bolígrafo m.圆珠笔además adv.此外diez adj.十bajo adj.矮的alto adj.高的bastante adj., adv.足够的；相当moderno adj.现代的útil adj.有用的interesante adj.有趣的sobre prep.在……之上10llamar vt.叫empleado m.职员trabajar vi.工作estudiar vt.学习familia f.家庭abuelo m.祖父，外公abuela f.祖母，外婆padre m.父亲madre f.母亲hermano m.兄弟hermana f.姐妹ya adv.已经ense?ar vt.教aún adv.仍然todo adj.所有的todosnosotros 我们大家descansar vi.休息ma?ana f.上午tarde f.下午noche f.晚上diálogo m.对话claro adv.当然serde…来自……地方dónde adv.哪里estar vi.在lejos adv.远cerca adv.近，附近cercade…在……附近comerciante m.商人compa?ía f.公司maestro m.师傅，老师11trabajo m.工作comer vt.吃con prep.和……一起，跟tío m.叔、伯、舅tía f.姨、姑、婶primo m.表（堂）兄弟prima f.表（堂）姐妹comida f.食品bebida f.饮料carne f.肉pescado m.鱼pollo m.鸡huevo m.蛋verdura f.蔬菜cerveza f.啤酒gaseosa f.汽水licor m.烈酒etcétera（etc.） f.等等primero adj.,adv.第一，首先beber vt.喝rico adj.丰富的；美味的después adv.然后empezar vt.,vi.开始vuestro adj.你们的fruta f.水果leche f.牛奶tém.茶cafém.咖啡；咖啡厅refresco m.饮料12Vocabulario词汇porlama?ana 在上午tener vt.有terminar vi.,vt.结束temprano adv.早despuésde在……之后volver vi.回返dormitorio m.卧室，宿舍abrir vt.打开puerta f.门；门口sacar vt.取出，拿出escribir vt.写，写字，写信último adj.最后的，最近的recibir vt.收到，接到carta f.信familiar m.家人，亲属tenerque 必须，得，要para prep.（表示对象）给……pueblo m.人民；乡镇pueblonatal 家乡tranquilo adj.安静的，幽静的monta?a f.山río m.河流lago m.湖aprender vt.学，学会enespa?ol 用西班牙语porqué为什么porque conj.因为paisaje m.风景，景色pintoresco adj.似画的，秀丽的mundo m.世界verdad f.真实porsupuesto 当然amenudo 经常poreso 因此13Vocabulario词汇表enero m.一月febrero m.二月marzo m.三月abril m.四月mayo m.五月junio m.六月julio m.七月agosto m.八月septiembre m.九月octubre m.十月noviembre m.十一月diciembre m.十二月hacer vt.做tiempo m.天气；时间hacerbuentiempo 天气好llover vi.下雨cielo m.天空despejado p.p.晴朗的salir vi.出来，出去frío m.冷ni conj.也不calor m.热política f.政治historia f.历史punto m.点；句号enpunto （指钟点）正menos adv.少，差inteligente adj.聪明的trabajador adj.勤劳的entusiasmo m.热情；起劲adónde adv.往哪里mediodía m.中午hora f.小时minuto m.分钟segundo m.秒semana f.周，星期mes m.月a?o m.年cuál adj.哪一个14visita f.参观，拜访Carlos 卡洛斯ver vt.看，看见desde prep.自从pasado p.p.过去的querer vt.想；愿意visitar vt.参观，拜访afueras f.郊外pie m.脚apie 步行medio adj.一半的llamaralapuerta 叫门Carmen 卡门saludar vt.问候Fernando 费尔南多acabarde 刚刚adelante adv.向前；请进decir vt.说，告诉entrar vi.进入cómodo adj.舒适的servir vt.为……服务；端上taza f.茶杯charlar vi.聊天rato m.片刻preguntar vt.问nocturno adj.夜间的hablar vt.讲（某种语言）；谈mal adv.坏，糟糕creer vt.相信palabra f.单词recordar vt.记住，想起texto m.课文comprender vt.理解enfin 总之dificultad f.困难estudio m.学习poder vt.能够，可以ayudar vt.帮助explicar vt. 解释，讲解broma f.玩笑nolotomesenserio 你别当真regresar vi.回返cosa f.东西vida f.生活almorzar vi.吃午饭porlatarde 下午película f.电影acompa?ar vt.陪同parada f.中途站gente f.人hacercola 排队esperar vt.等候15estación f.季节primavera f.春天verano m.夏天oto?o m.秋天invierno m.冬天rápido adj.,adv.快的；快pasar vt.,vi.度过，过irse vr.离开gustar vi.喜欢agradable adj.惬意的，愉快的fin m.末尾findesemana 周末pensar vt.,vi.思考，考虑，想excursión f.郊游despertar vt.,vi.,vr.叫醒，醒mirar vt.瞧，看cuarto m.一刻钟levantarse vr.起来，起床vestirse vr.穿衣服diente m.牙齿cepillarselosdientes 刷牙lavarse vr.洗acostarse vr.躺下，就寝importar vi.重要；要紧agua f.水frío adj.冷的sur m.南方caliente adj.热的pues conj.因为norte m.北方para prep.为了desayunar vt.,vi.吃早餐haydetodo 应有尽有empanada f.包子panecillo m.馒头torta f.饼ravioles m.饺子fideo m.粉tallarín m.面条arroz m.米，米饭sopadearroz 稀饭enfindecuentas 总而言之afuera adv.向外，外面variado adj.多样的sabroso adj.美味的venir vi.来，过来pedir vt.请求，向……要aesode 大约tomar vt.乘坐número m.号，数dirección f.方向endireccióna朝向cerrar vt.关闭enunabrirycerrardeojos 一转眼bajar vi.下来aire m.空气yerba f.草parte f.部分portodaspartes 到处pájaro m.鸟cantar vt.,vi.唱歌mariposa f.蝴蝶bailar vi.跳舞ambiente m.气氛，环境16libre adj.自由的，闲的decompras 购物conmigo 跟我一起contigo 跟你一起claroquesí当然（用于肯定）precisamente adv.正好，恰好necesitar vt.需要comprar vt.购买grandesalmacenes 百货公司vender vt.出售，卖parecer vi.使……觉得idea f.思想，主意sección f.部门desear vt.希望ense?ar vt.教；拿出来看par m.双deporte m.运动calzar vt.穿（鞋、袜）probar vt.品尝，试一试sentarse vr.坐下perdón m.对不起resistente adj.耐用hacerelfavorde 劳驾，请mostrar vt.拿出来看aver 看看quedar vi.在，留下quedar(auno)bien 对（某人）合适quedarsecon 要下，买下dependiente m.,f.售货员algo adv.稍微，有点pasar vt.过；递给porfavor 劳驾，请unpoco 稍微，一点razón f.道理demasiado adj.,adv.过分的，太oscuro adj.阴暗的；深色的si conj.如果tan adv.如此tan…como…和……一样……mismo adj.同样的，同一个precio m.价格costar vi.价值barato adj.便宜的caro adj.贵的pagar vt.付款caja f.收款处alaizquierda 在左边aladerecha 在右边mujer f.女人，女士；妻子hombre m.男人，男士arriba adv.在上面tercero adj.第三的quinto adj.第五的piso m.楼层；套间denada 不用谢subir vi.上去ropa f.衣服17ma?ana adv.明天yaque 因为lado m.边，旁边porunlado 一方面porelotro 另一方面ocupado p.p.忙的porelteléfono通过电话asíadv.这样antesde 在……之前seguramente adv.肯定，一定soler vi.惯于tarde adv.迟，晚eneso 在这方面saber vt.知道；会；懂parecerse vr.像（某人）cuando conj.当……时候nunca adv.从不，永不acabar vt.,vi.完，结束alomejor 也许，说不定exagerar vt.,vi.夸大，夸张deber vt.应该juntos adj.一起invitar vt.邀请soltero m.单身汉cocinar vt.,vi.煮，烹调aunque conj.虽然mejor adj.,adv.更好nadie pron.无人，谁也不almuerzo m.午餐pasear vi.散步por prep.沿着valerlapena 值得conocer vt.认识，见识，了解entrada f.入口；门票hacetiempoque………已有一段时间discoteca f.舞厅como conj.由于peor adj.,adv.更糟，更差劲mayor adj.更大menor adj.更小18Vocabulario词汇表ubicado p.p.位于alpiede 在……脚下llamado p.p.名字叫……的significar vt.意思是nube f.云lindo adj.漂亮的nombre m.名字interesar vi.使……感兴趣servirde 起……作用，当作guía m.,f.向导；指南edificio m.楼房palacio m.宫殿amplio adj.宽敞的，广阔的ordenado p.p.井井有条的claro adj.明亮的；浅色的sentir vt.感觉，感受到al+inf.当……时候frondoso adj.枝繁叶茂的ambos adj.两，双camino m.道路violeta adj.紫色的riachuelo m.小河，溪correr vi.跑步；流淌tranquilamente adv.静静地este m.东noroeste m.西北alegre adj.高兴的abeja f.蜜蜂entre prep.在……之间sobretodo 尤其，特别jardín m.花园césped m.草地，草坪campodedeportes 运动场orilla f.边，岸边aplicado p.p.用功的proveniente adj.来自provincia f.省región f.地区autónomo adj.自治的idioma m.语言ruso m.俄语，俄罗斯人italiano m.意语，意大利人coreano m.韩语，朝鲜人tailandés m.泰语，泰国人indonesio m.印尼语，印尼人vietnamita m.越南语，越南人país m.国家porejemplo 比如，例如EstadosUnidos 美国Inglaterra 英国Canadá加拿大Australia 澳大利亚Francia 法国Alemania 德国Espa?a 西班牙Rusia 俄罗斯Corea 朝鲜Japón日本Tailandia 泰国Indonesia 印度尼西亚Vietnam 越南Asia 亚洲Africa 非洲América美洲jugar vt.,vi.玩baloncesto m.篮球运动fútbol m.足球运动voleibol m.排球运动bádminton m.羽毛球运动tenis m.网球运动cancha f.球场nadar vi.游泳piscina f.游泳池incluso adv.甚至llevarse vr.相处puro adj.纯净的19llegada f.到达，到来novio m.未婚夫；新郎capital f.首都México墨西哥mexicano m.墨西哥人contento adj.高兴contar vt.讲述llegar vt.到达querido adj.亲爱的porfin 终于avión m.飞机sobrino m.侄子terraza f.平台，晒台，露台aeropuerto m.飞机场parar vi.停止，停下poner vt.摆放escalera f.梯子escalerilla f.小梯子encuanto 一……就……azafata f.空姐；礼仪小姐pasajero m.乘客，旅客depronto 突然aparecer vi.出现se?al f.信号；手势hacia prep.朝向dar vt.给comenzar vt.,vi.开始cada adj.每，每个vez f.次cadavezmás…越来越……guapo adj.漂亮，英俊amor m.爱情；心爱的人todavía adv.仍然pobre adj.,m.贫穷的；穷人dinero m.钱rico adj.,m.富有的；富人próximo adj.临近的esdecir 也就是说siempre adv.永远criar vt.驯养perro m.狗gato m.猫mientrasque 而，却plegable 可折叠的leer vt.阅读conversar vi.交谈casarse vr.结婚viaje m.旅行irdeviaje 去旅行alrededor adv.周围，四周feliz adj.幸福的felicidad f.幸福fuerte adj.强壮的；坚固的so?ar vi.,vt.做梦；梦见enga?ar vt.欺骗conseguir vt.取得，能够20típico adj.典型的usado adj.用过的，旧的pobreza f.贫穷difícil adj.困难的ni?o m.孩子，小孩hambre f.饥饿suerte f.运气aveces 有时候miga f.碎屑，面包屑buscar vt.寻找sin prep.无，没有peseta f.（西班牙货币）比塞塔encontrar vt.遇到，找到como conj.如同bestia f.牲畜duro adj.,adv.硬的；艰苦地ganar vt.挣，赢poco adj.,adv.少的；少guerra f.战争civil adj.国内的perder vt.,vi.丢失；失利，输político adj.政治的cárcel f.监狱lugar m.地方endelugarde 代替，不……反而(vestirse)denegro （身穿）黑装morir vi.死muerto p.p.,m.死的；死人ponerse vr.穿，戴triste adj.悲伤的enfermo adj.,m.有病的；病人huérfano m.孤儿matador m.斗牛士denoche 晚上finca f.庄园toro m.,pl.公牛；斗牛torear vi.斗牛policía f.,m.警察otravez 再次meter vt.塞，塞进guardia m.卫兵trapo m.抹布，破布enseguida 随后，立即fácil adj.容易的limosna f.施舍pedirlimosna 乞讨cansado adj.累的，疲劳的echar vt.扔，抛，投siesta f.午觉echarunasiesta 睡个午觉cambiar vt.,vi.改变；变honor m.光荣，荣幸ayuda f.帮助oportunidad f.机会famoso adj.着名的éxito m.成绩，成功tremendo adj.惊人的，巨大的corrida f.（一场）斗牛llegaraser 成为ídolo m.偶像nación f.民族，国家millonario m.百万富翁olvidar vt.忘记下1ayer adv. 昨天peinarse vr. 梳头asearse vr. 梳洗打扮gritar vi. 叫，叫喊grito m. 叫喊声asíque因此，所以dirigir vt.,vr. 领导；向…走去afeitarse vr. 刮胡子preparar vt. 准备desayuno m. 早餐apagar vt. 关（电器）luz f. 光线，灯光，灯encender vt. 点燃；开（电器）radio f. 广播；收音机escuchar vt. 听oír vt. 听见，听noticia f. 消息，新闻fumar vt.,vi. 抽烟cigarrillo m. 香烟balcón m. 阳台televisión f. 电视tomar vt. 吃，喝；乘坐galleta f. 饼干，饼mermelada f. 果酱tostado adj. 烘烤过的mantequilla f. 奶油azúcar m.,f. 糖abrigo m. 大衣secar vt. 弄干，擦干pintar vt. 涂labio m. 嘴唇coger vt. 拿，捡；乘坐bolsa f. 袋，包dejar vt. 放下；让，允许justamente adv. 正好suegro m. 岳父helado m. 雪糕，冰棍coca-cola 可口可乐medianoche f. 半夜dormirse vr. 入睡，睡着generalmente adv. 一般caramba! 糟糕！cruzar vt. 穿越，穿过2acercarse vr. 走近，靠近perderse vr. 迷路situado p.p. 位于mina f. 矿，煤矿necesario adj. 必要的colina f. 山丘cueva f. 山洞，地洞subterráneo adj. 地下的notar vt. 发觉，看出algo pron. 某物，一点东西raro adj. 奇怪的chico m. 小孩子ciego m. 瞎子nacimiento m. 出生contestar vt. 回答lástima f. 遗憾，可惜continuar vt.,vi. 继续alolejos 在远处voz f. 声音estatura f. 身材expresión f. 表情cuerpo m. 身躯，身体menor adj. 小的durante prep. 在……期间farol m. 手提灯；路灯cesta f. 篮子puente m. 桥antepecho m. 栏杆caer vi.,vr. 掉下，摔倒piedra f. 石头ingeniero m. 工程师adiós m. 再见，告别moneda f. 硬币cruel adj. 残忍的，残酷的tratar vt. 对待animal m. 动物rincón m. 角落siguiente adj. 随后的，接下来的desgraciadamenteadv. 不幸地mientras conj. 与……同时andar vi. 行走discutir vt. 讨论，争论tontería f. 傻事，傻话educación f. 教育，教养estrella f. 星星sonrisa f. 微笑prometer vt. 承诺，答应coincidencia f. 巧合operar vt. 动手术，开刀operación f. 手术3prepararse vr. 做好准备vestido m. 衣服santo m. 圣人resultado m. 结果cuestión f. 问题levantar vt. 使……起来venda f. 绷带alegría f. 喜悦，高兴único adj. 惟一的decidir vt. 决定solo adj. 独自的，孤单的ruido m. 嘈杂声adorar vt. 崇拜，很喜欢suelo m. 地上rápidamente adv. 迅速地desaparecer vi. 消失tumba f. 坟，墓insistir vi. 坚持（要做某事）solamente adv. 仅仅cuidar vt. 照料，看管cerrado p.p. 关闭的abierto p.p. 打开的extender vt. 伸展，铺开mover vt. 动，移动tristeza f. 悲伤tomar vt. 拿起melancólico adj. 忧郁的llevar vt. 带，带上beso m. 吻cabeza f. 头，脑袋inclinarse vr. 倾斜almohada f. 枕头solemne adj. 隆重的；严肃的4perfeccionar vt. 使……完美penísula f. 半岛ibérico adj. 伊比利亚的limitarcon 与…接壤MarMediterráneo地中海Portugal 葡萄牙superficie f. 表面；面积kilómetro m. 公里cuadrado adj. 平方的población f. 人口habitante m. 居民crecer vi. 生长manera f. 方式，方法lento adj. 缓慢的actualmente adv. 目前mil adj.,m. 千millón m. 百万aproximadamenteadv. 大约densidad f. 密度medio adj. 平均的mayoría f. 大部分contarcon 拥有embajada f. 大使馆funcionario m. 官员diplomático adj.,m. 外交的；外交官alojarse vr. 住宿ocupar vt. 占用segundo adj. 第二dara 朝向guardar vt. 存放due?o m. 主人dedicarse vr. 致力于，投身comercio m. 贸易preocuparse vr. 担心negocio m. 生意madrugar vi. 早起metro m. 地铁；公尺，米dormilón adj.,m. 贪睡的，贪睡的人partido m. 比赛equipo m. 队favorito adj. 最喜爱的cadavezque 每当……lleno adj. 满的casi adv. 几乎según prep. 根据poseer vt. 拥有conocimiento m. 知识equivocado p.p. 弄错的disfrutar vt.,vi. 享受tráfico m. 交通década f. 年代lanzar vt. 投掷，扔piropo m. 恭维；（向女人）献媚frase f. 句子5viajar vi. 旅行，旅游enserio 严肃的；说真的condestinoa 前往……recorrer vt. 走过，走遍comienzo m. 开始gallego m. 加利西亚人Nomedigas! 是真的吗maravilla f. 奇迹eucalipto m. 桉树oler vi. 散发（某种气味）mejillón m. 贻贝saber vi. 是……味道elcasoesque 问题是……marchar vi.,vr. 行走；进行；离开montón m. 一堆encantador adj. 迷人的，十分可爱的asturiano 阿斯图里亚人catedral f. 大教堂encantar vi. 使……十分喜欢especial adj. 特别的vidriera f. 玻璃窗risa f. 笑，笑声paseo m. 散步ahíadv. 那里hastaque 直到……antiguo adj. 古老的，旧的huir vi. 逃跑，躲避resto m. 剩余部分Loquepasaesque 问题是……humedad f. 潮湿enobras 施工Quépena!真可惜！vértigo m. 头晕，眩晕colgado adj. 悬挂的，吊着的impresionar vi. （给人）留下深刻印象castellano adj. 卡斯蒂利亚的llano adj. 平坦的enorme adj. 巨大的vista f. 目光，视线alcanzar vt.,vi. 赶上horizonte m. 地平线molino m. 磨；风力磨largo adj. 长的seguir vt.,vi. 继续bromista adj. 爱开玩笑的comosiempre 和往常一样sobrenombre m. 绰号，外号individuo m. 个人，人barriga f. 肚子hablarporloscodos 说个不停，喋喋不休6aprobar vt. 认可，通过examen m. 考试iniciar vt.,vr. 开始vacación f. 假期rumboa 朝……方向，前往amanecer vi. 天亮，天明anochecer vi. 天黑，入夜vacío adj. 空的ladrido m. 狗叫声grupo m. 班，组，一群veranear vi. 避暑，（夏天）度假detrás adv. 后面，在……后面naturalmente adv. 自然地echaragua 泼水ante prep. 在……面前，面对tras prep. 在……之后deprisa 急忙，赶紧doblar vt.,vi. 折叠；拐弯monta?aarriba 朝山上走去mochila f. 背包pesar vi. 有……重量subida f. 上坡apoyado p.p. 依靠，靠contra prep. 反对；（靠）在……roca f. 岩石canción f. 歌曲tercero adj. 第三cuarto adj. 第四sexto adj. 第六séptimo adj. 第七octavo adj. 第八noveno adj. 第九décimo adj. 第十oeste m. 西sureste m. 东南suroeste m. 西南noreste m. 东北7realmente adv. 真正地futuro m. 将来profesional adj. 职业的suficiente adj. 足够的practicar vt. 实践lengua f. 舌头；语言deverdad 确实fuidez f. 流利darsecuenta 发觉problema m. 问题nivel m. 水平avanzado adj. 先进的，高级的inferior adj. 下等的，低级的alfinal 最后；末尾plantear vt. 提出deotramanera 用另一种方法Venga! 来吧！干吧！losdemás其他人ponersea+inf. 开始（做某事）dentro adv. 在……里面fuera adv. 在……外面gramática f. 语法vocabulario m. 词汇表，词汇量entender vt. 明白，懂得auténtico adj. 真正的conversación f. 会话，交谈adiferenciade 与……不同evitar vt. 避免reunirse vr. 聚集，聚在一起afán m. 努力alprincipio 起初pocoapoco 逐步，慢慢地oído m. 听觉，听力anotar vt. 记下，记录apuntar vt. 记下，记录importante adj. 重要的fijar vt. 使……牢固；确定sue?o m. 睡意；睡梦programa m. 节目，节目表darunavuelta 转一圈，溜达recurrir vi. 求助，借助forma f. 形式，方式，方法devezencuando 有时，偶尔comentar vt. 评论sorprendente adj. 令人吃惊的barrer vt. 打扫recoger vt. 捡；收拾；收容desordenado p.p. 被弄得乱七八糟的reparar vt. 修理roto p.p. 被打碎的，被打破的pelotazo m. 球击flecha f. 箭sensación f. 感觉despedida f. 离别，告别consolar vt. 安慰permanecer vi. 一直（处于某种状态）depie 站着llorar vi. 哭8pa?o m. 呢绒maravilloso adj. 神奇的pícaro adj.,m. 卑鄙的；流浪汉rey m. 国王fabricar vt. 生产ladrón m. 小偷soberano m. 君主，国王mandar vt. 命令，吩咐pieza f. 块；件naturaleza f. 自然界；性质；种类fantástico adj. 极好的burlador m. 开玩笑的；骗子lana f. 羊毛seda f. 丝hilo m. 线plata m. 银oro m. 金preciso adj. 必须的molestar vt. 打扰；使……讨厌orden f. 命令monarca m. 君，国王suculento adj. 美味的excelente adj. 出色的alcabode 在……之后enviar vt. 寄；派cortesano adj.,m. 宫廷的；朝臣averiguar vt. 调查，了解marchar vi.,vr. 行走；进行；离开efusión f. 热情telar m. 织布机incomparable adj. 无可比拟的condición f. 本质；条件inútil adj. 无用的honrado adj. 诚实的，正直的mentir vi. 撒谎，骗人popa f. 船尾vientoenpopa 一帆风顺artesano m. 手工业工人confeccionar vt. 制作traje m. 衣服fiesta f. 节日SuMajestad 陛下se?alar vt. 指出precioso adj. 珍贵的；漂亮的adornar vt. 装饰asustar vt. 使害怕，惊吓reflexionar vi. 思索callar vi. 沉默，不吭声gobernante m. 执政者montar vi. 骑caballo m. 马desnudo adj. 裸体的serio adj. 严肃的，认真的cabalgadura f. 坐骑；马atreverse vr. 敢，敢于reír vi.,vr. 笑；嘲笑eneso 此时criado m. 仆人reconocer vt. 认出；承认enojado adj. 生气的；气愤的ordenar vt. 整理；命令estafador m. 骗子9accidente m. 事故automovilístico adj. 汽车的Andorra 安道尔reportaje m. 通讯，报道permiso m. 许可pedirpermiso 请假abandonar vt. 放弃，丢弃；离开desatar vt. 解开；爆发tormenta f. 暴风雨relámpago m. 闪电impresionante adj. 令人印象深刻的trueno m. 雷，雷声ensordecedor adj. 震耳欲聋的porotraparte 另一方面chaparrón m. 暴雨precedidode…由……在先的granizo m. 冰雹patinar vi. 滑冰；打滑dominar vt. 控制volante m. 方向盘chocar vi. 碰撞inconsciente adj. 无意识的，昏迷的afortunadamenteadv. 幸运地recoger vt. 捡；收；接；收容miembro m. 成员auxilio m. 救助ambulancia f. 救护车socorro m. 援助，救济CasadeSocorro 急救站vivo adj. 活的escena f. 场面hacerunaescena 小题大做temer vt. 害怕seguro adj. 有把握的，肯定的mejilla f. 脸颊izquierdo adj. 左边的herido p.p. 受伤的ninguno adj. （用于否定）任何一个importancia f. 重要性avisar vt. 通知porfortuna 幸亏grave adj. 严重的apoyarse vr. 依靠，靠在brazo m. 臂，胳膊cuidado m. 小心da?o m. 损害，损伤hacerda?o 弄伤，损害aturdido adj. 昏头昏脑的preocupar vt. 使……担心quétal怎么样susto m. 惊吓，受惊loocurrido 发生的事eficaz adj. 有效的imaginar vt.,vr. 想象conducir vt. 驾驶；引向loco adj.,m. 发疯的；疯子moderadamente adv. 有节制地modo m. 方法，方式detodosmodos 无论如何lección f. 课；教训desfavorable adj. 不利的probable adj. 可能的repetir vt. 重复experiencia f. 经历；经验10don m. 堂（用于人名前面）alegrarse vr. 感到高兴tener…que…有……要（做）alguien pron. 有人perosi…可是（加强语气用）perdonar vt. 原谅permitir vt. 允许presentar vt. 介绍……认识socio m. 合伙人ex-vecino m. 以前的邻居sombrero m. 帽子deber…a…vt. （某人的……）归功于departede…以……名义，代表……convidar vt. 邀请aceptar vt. 接受gustosísimo非常高兴acordarse vr. 想起，记得compromiso m. （答应做的）事，约会caso m. 情况cuánto adv. 多么lamentar vt. 对……惋惜；感到遗憾ojalá但愿enfadarse vr. 生气cuenta f. 帐目correrdemicuenta 由我负责agradecer vt. 感谢recuerdo m.,pl. 记忆；问候ir(le)bien （某人的事情）顺利ahoraquemeacuerdo 我现在想起来了pasarlobien 过得好talvez 也许posiblemente adv. 可能probablemente adv. 可能11minero m. 矿工galería f. 长廊；坑道movimiento m. 运动，活动delante adv. 在前面capataz m. 工头traer vt. 带来cuerpecillo m. 身体endeble adj. 衰弱的débil adj. 弱的，软弱的suplicar vt. 恳求cumplir vt. 完成；满……周岁ganarseelpan 干活糊口，谋生oficio m. 职业toser vi. 咳嗽implorar vt 哀求，央求silbar vi. 吹口哨compuerta f. 闸门puesto m. 岗位，摊位volverse vr. 转身a?adir vt. 添加；补充tono m. 语调，声调severo adj. 严厉的cajón m. 大箱子carbón m. 煤diario adj. 每天的exigir vt. 要求suceder vi. 发生despedir vt. 辞退，解雇callado p.p. 默不作声的alejarse vr. 远离，走开manejo m. 操纵fuerza f. 力量bastar vi. 足够chicuelo m. 小孩camarada m. 同志miedo m. 害怕edad f. 年龄decuandoencuando 时而，时不时exacto adj. 准确的terrible adj. 可怕的sitio m. 地方，位置encontrarse vr. 处于（某地或某状态）profundo adj. 深的piedad f. 怜悯，同情hogar m. 家园，家ser m. 生灵，生物，人hambriento adj. 肌饿的hacercaso 理睬atar vt. 捆绑grueso adj. 粗大的clavo m. 钉子cuerda f. 绳子delgado adj. 细小的，苗条的tapar vt. 盖上，堵住lamento m. 怨言，呻吟12chifón m. （智利方言）坑道diablo m. 魔鬼vigilar vt. 看管，监视presuroso adj. 匆忙的salida f. 出口detener vt. 使……停下，拦住ademán m. 手势apodo m. 外号cobre m. 铜pelo m. 毛；头发silencioso adj. 静悄悄的，无声的espera f. 等候，等待se?a f. 标记；暗号；手势sobra f. 剩余desobra 多余的negativamente adv. 否定地agregar vt. 添加，补充salirdelpaso 摆脱困境vacante m. 空缺medio m. 办法evadirse vr. 躲避，回避aplastado p.p. 被压扁的derrumbe m. 倒塌preferible adj. 更好的，更可取的ventaja f. 优势，好处rapidez f. 快ocultar vt. 隐藏，隐瞒cambio m. 变化，改变efectuar vt. 实行，进行anterior adj. 先前的ocuparse vr. 忙于colocar vt. 摆放，安放destinado p.p. 带给（某人）的botella f. 瓶子sorprender vt. 使……吃惊toquedealarma 警报soltar vt. 松开，放开objeto m. 物品lanzarse vr. 冲向，扑向frentea 面对，在……前面seguido p.p. 由……跟着chiquillo m. 小孩子desesperado adj. 失望的，绝望的anciano adj.,m. 年迈的；老年人ejemplo m. 例子，榜样ala f. 翅膀suceso m. 事件proporción f. 比例；规模catástrofe f. 灾难ignorar vt. 不知道desgracia f. 不幸relato m. 讲述；故事renacer vi. 复活，再生esperanza f. 希望corazón m. 心tranquilizar vt. 使平静，使放心desgraciado m. 不幸的人instante m. 瞬间，片刻asomar vt.,vi. 露出brocal m. 矿井口ascensor m. 电梯cadáver m. 尸体pliegue m. 褶；皱纹tela f. 布envolver vt. 包，裹mechón m. 一缕头发espanto m. 恐惧esfuerzo m. 努力sobrehumano adj. 超人的abalanzarse vr. 冲向，扑向alolargode 沿着，顺着inmóvil adj. 不动的rayo m. 光线；闪电13asno m. 驴buey m. （被阉割了的）公牛labrador m. 农夫ministro m. 大臣；部长primerministro 总理，首相matar vt. 杀cantidad f. 数量aterrorizar vt. 使恐惧，恐吓correrlamismasuerte 遭受同样命运bello adj. 美的razonable adj. 有道理的ponerfin 结束，了结ley f. 法律，法令intención f. 意图，打算encargado m. 负责人peligro m. 危险ocurrir vi. 发生ganado m. 牲畜lenguaje m. 语言secreto m. 秘密cuadra f. 马厩，马房envidia f. 羡慕；妒忌sinembargo 然而carro m. 马车；汽车pegar vt. 贴；殴打seco adj. 干的envidiar vt. 羡慕；妒忌fama f. 名声tonto m. 傻瓜especie f. 种类，品种mugir vi. （牛）叫cornada f. （用角）抵，顶envezde 代替；不……而……culpa f. 罪过，过失imprudencia f. 鲁莽，不慎tirar vi. 拖，拉，牵14bosque m. 树林extremo m. 终端，端regalar vt. 赠送caperuza f. 帽子tarta f. 饼advertir vt. 提醒entretener vt.,vr. 解闷，消遣echara+inf. 开始（做某事）caminar vi. 行走feroz adj. 凶恶的responder vt. 回应，答复despedirse vt.vr. 送别；告别ponerseenmarcha（encamino）启程，上路mientrastanto 与此同时observar vt. 观察contemplar vt. 观看，看hormiga f. 蚂蚁imitar vt. 模仿sonar vi. 响vacilar vi. 犹豫dulce adj. 甜的，甜蜜的comosi 仿佛nieto m. 孙子cofia f. 发网meterse vr. 躲进，钻进extra?o adj. 奇怪的aspecto m. 外貌，面貌inquietante adj. 令人不安的indispuesto adj. 不舒服oler vt. 闻tumbarse vr. 躺下lanzar vt. 发出ronquido m. 鼾声casualmente adv. 碰巧地，偶然地cazador m. 猎人tripa f. 肠子；肚子tijeras f. 剪刀salto m. 跳abrazar vt.,vr. 拥抱15asesinado p.p. 被杀害的disgusto m. 不高兴，不快costumbre f. 习惯curar vt. 医治público adj. 公共的huerto m. 果园，菜园Basora 巴士拉（伊拉克）complacer vt. 使满意，使高兴habitación f. 房间dudar vt. 不太相信，怀疑amante m. 情人cesto m. 篓，筐asombrado p.p. 惊讶的no…másque仅仅，只不过yoquésé!我怎么知道！respuesta f. 回答，答复celos m.(pl.) 忌妒，醋意cuchillo m. 刀，菜刀cintura f. 腰部clavar vt. 钉入；扎，刺garganta f. 喉咙partir vt. 切开，劈开trozo m. 块，片，段hacersedenoche 天黑下来tirar vt. 扔，抛，丢devolver vt. 归还。
espana 卡斯蒂利亚莱昂
街头
小巷
烤
乳猪
阿尔卡萨 城堡
渡槽
西班牙古镇——塞戈维亚，一座可以真正称得上是人类历史文化遗产 的城市，塞戈维亚的名称来自于凯尔特伊比利亚语，有“胜利之城” 的涵义。伊莎贝拉在这里加冕和大婚，足见塞戈维亚的历史地位。 1985年，塞戈维亚被选为世界文化遗产。在这你还能找到欧洲最惊人 的罗马财富。
感受 Segovia 塞戈维亚
卡斯蒂利亚-莱昂
教堂
西班牙境内教堂林立。说起教堂，人们不期然总会想到它宏伟的外观，精美 的内里，以及其教化的功能。然而，在西班牙，教堂既是生之地，也是死之地。 人们洗礼于斯，安息于斯，升天于斯，教堂在西班牙人的生命轮回中占据了极其 重要的位置。下面我们来简单介绍卡斯蒂利亚-莱昂地区的几个较负盛名的大教堂。
萨拉曼卡大学的正门是银匠风格建筑的
杰作，整个立面就像一幅精美的挂毯。沙 岩上雕刻分为三个部分，最下面的一层是 两位天主教君主的浮雕；中间的是卡洛斯 五世、两位天主教君主以及国家的徽章； 最上面一层则是维纳斯及赫拉克勒斯的雕 像，而周围则是被罗马教皇和僧侣们的浮 雕所包围，被认为是西班牙带有复杂花叶 形装饰中最富盛名的典范。
Casa de las Conchas，贝壳之家，外墙用400多个石质的鸟蛤
壳装饰，用来纪念圣雅哥之路（camino de santiago）。 贝克之家是最能体现西班牙哥特式文 明的建筑之一。其名称来自于朝圣者 的标志---装饰在外墙上面的贝壳图 案。这里曾经是保护圣地亚哥朝圣者 的骑士团之家所在地，贝壳正是当年 骑士团的象征。现在，它被改建成为 了游客中心及公共图书馆。
萨拉曼卡大学salamanca universidad
所有来到萨拉曼卡的游客都会到这里来寻找那只隐藏在华丽装饰中的两 栖动物。相传在没有任何帮助的情况下能够发现青蛙的人就会有好运降临， 甚至会在一年内结婚。而学生如果能够找到它，那么考试就会顺利过关。
新视线意大利语2单词全
Abbreviazioni缩略语avv.avverbio副词f.femminile阴性m.maschile阳性sg.singolare单数pl.plurale复数inf.infinito不定式p.p.participio passato过去分词Prima di... cominciareLIBRO DELLO STUDENTE1comunicazione:交流una prima volta:第一次prendere appunti:记笔记funzione:功能parere,il:看法，意见rifiutare:拒绝rammarico:后悔，抱歉2opportuno:适当的svolgere(p.p.svolto):进行，开展correttamente(avv.):正确地ripassare:复习，检查di ieri:昨天的inaugurazione:开幕式dare una mano:帮助spostare:移动offendere(p.p.offeso):冒犯，侵犯3a vicenda:互相地，轮流地in seguito:然后ognuno di voi:你们每个人riferire:报告，汇报5e così via:等等6confrontare:比较，对照genere,il:种类cinematografico:电影的stanza:房间7fratellino:小弟弟a un certo punto:在某种意义上，在一定意义上accompagnare:陪伴stava piangendo:正在哭泣（第三人称）convincere(p.p.convinto):说服restituire:归还，恢复ovviamente(avv.):明显地，显著地farsi sentire:让自己听见accontentare:使满意neanche(avv.):也不colpa:错误，罪过insistere(p.p. insistito):坚持in fondo:到头，到底8per iscritto:书面，笔头passante:过路人，行人verificare:检验，核实UNITÀ 1Esami... niente stress!LIBRO DELLO STUDENTEstress,lo: (英语）压力Per cominciare 1scambiarsi:交流，交换materia:科目；主题ritenere:认为atlante,l’(m.):地图册geografico:地理的，地理学的letteratura:文学algebra:代数，代数学evoluzione:发展，演变fisica:物理，物理学manuale,il:手册，课本Per cominciare 3gridare:呼喊，叫嚷servire:为……服务，有用于magari(avv.):甚至，可能prestare:借，借出sfogliare:翻阅，浏览fotocopiare:复印In questa unità...incredulità:怀疑，不相信rassicurare:使放心complimentarsi:恭喜，祝贺pronomi combinati:组合代词interrogativi:疑问，问题A1che c’è?:怎么了？superare:超越，克服Caspita!:哎呀!天哪! (表示惊奇或不耐烦）assolutamente(avv.):绝对地，完全地non ci credo:我不相信(不肯定)solo che arrivi tardi:要是不及时到达Accidenti!:天哪！come faccio?:我该怎么办？grazie lo stesso:同样感谢la parte sul Romanticismo:浪漫主义的部分Romanticismo:浪漫主义trentina:三十几个mi raccomando:我求你，拜托了giusto il tempo di:恰好是……的时间fotocopiarle:把它们复印dare indietro:退回，退还A2rivolgersi(p.p.rivolto):转向某人说话，面对某人risolversi(p.p.risolto):结果为A3contrarietà:反对A4accontentarsi (di):对……感到满意anzi:反而，甚至copia:副本，复印件pubblicare:出版，公开A6riferirsi (a):与……有关A7trasformarsi:变化，变形rivedere(p.p.riveduto/rivisto):再看；复习；检查consultare:请教，参考aggiunta:增加，添加esso: (阳性）它B2comportamento:行为，表现Si figuri!:瞧(您)说的!哪儿的话！B3calpestare:踩，踏distratto(inf. distrarre):心不在焉的，粗心的addosso(avv.):在肩上；在身上；负担B4sostiene l’esame:经受考验(考试）sostenere:经受；维持dunque:因此，那么，总之poeti minori:小(酸腐)诗人minore:较小的capitolo:章节andare avanti:前进informato:多知多闻的，消息灵通的mandare via:驱逐，赶走frequentare:上(学)，听(课)tentare (di):试图(做……）copiare:抄写；抄袭B6cornice,la:镜框，框架tempo fa:早前，一段时间以前parecchio:一些，几个precedere:先于……，在……之前fare parte (di):成为……的一部分B7permesso:允许，许可C1dove cavolo... ?: (俚语) ……到底在哪儿？cavolo:卷心菜mettersi (con):站在(某人)一边ha vinto al totocalcio:中了足球彩票fare visita:看望；参观ex:前任fidanzarsi:订婚tanto ormai non me ne frega più niente!:反正我一点也不在乎了！fregarsene: (口语)在意，在乎C3reagire:反抗，起反应riportare:传述；报告conoscente:熟人annullare:取消，撤消torinese:都灵的in vista:鉴于；关注a rischio:冒……的危险D1tipo:家伙D2dipendere (da)(p.p.dipeso):取决于D3significativo:有意义的D4esami di maturità:高中毕业考试maturità:高中毕业文凭；成熟，壮年coincidere(p.p.coinciso):同时发生，协调一致tesina:论文补充答辩commovente:动人的，感人的incubo:恶梦，精神压力per quanto riguarda:至于，关于riguardare:再看，视为preparazione:准备，筹备terribile:可怕的；严格的；强烈的consegnare:交付，委托compito:任务，作业in bianco:空白的inutile:没用的incorniciare:给……上框foglietto:小叶片regalo di nozze:结婚礼物nozze:婚礼distaccato:分离的，孤立的rispetto ai miei compagni:尊重(珍惜)我的伙伴们in pratica:事实上，其实limitarsi (a):仅限于rendersi conto (di):体会到，懂了，了解terrorismo:恐怖主义nell’aria:在空气中，在空中terrorizzato(inf.terrorizzare):胁迫，恐吓portafortuna,il:吉祥物，护身符D6di nascosto:偷偷地，暗地里E1dipartimento: (大学的)系，部门frequenza:频繁，频度prova:试验，考试esami di ammissione:入学考试ammissione:接纳，录用facoltà:院，系obbligatorio:必须履行的，义务的ingresso:入口sono previsti:在预料之内italianistica:意大利语言文学，意大利学comprendere(preso):包括；理解E2odontoiatria:牙科ingegneria:工程；工程学giurisprudenza:法学，法理学chirurgo:外科医生E4organizzazione:组织materiale,il:材料informativo:报告消息的，提供资料的poiché:由于，因为considerare:认为，视为；考虑，思考una delle migliori:最好的之一non ne vuole sapere: (他/她)一点都不想知道distanza:距离mettere a rischio:置于……风险之中relazione:关系，联系，交往E5intenzione:意图，打算studentesco: (大、中)学校学生的Conosciamo l’italiaLa scuola...asilo nido:托儿所asilo:庇护所nido:穴，巢，窝scuola materna:幼儿园materno:母亲的，母方的scuola dell’obbligo:义务学校obbligo:义务，职责scuola elementare:小学apprendere(p.p.appreso):学习，了解，知道nozione:概念，观念cultura generale:文化概况cultura:文化guaio:不幸，困境；麻烦scuola media:初中alunno:中、小学生ottenere:获得licenza media:中学毕业考试licenza:中学毕业(文凭)scuola media superiore:高中superiore:较高的，高等的scientifico:科学的linguistico:语言的istituto:学院，专科大学tecnico:技术的，技能的professionale:职业的，专业的durata:期间；持续，持久totalità:全体，全部diploma di maturità,il:高中毕业证书diploma,il:毕业文凭，学位证书videolezione:视听课程rendere(p.p.reso):使得，使变为maturo:高中毕业考试及格的；成熟的...e l’università italianain possesso di diploma:拥有高中毕业证书possesso:占有，拥有；支配，掌握di loro scelta:他们选择的a numero chiuso:限额superamento:越过，超出；克服accesso:进入studio:学习universitario:大学的sovraffollato:挤满的，塞满的percentuale:百分比的cosiddetto:所谓的，称号的fuori corso:学习期满但尚未取得学位的大学生tesi di laurea,la:毕业论文tesi,la:论文；论题，论点d’altra parte:此外，另外nonostante:虽然，尽管staccato(inf. staccare):分开的；取下的；撕下的mondo del lavoro:工作领域occupazione:职业；就业variare:变化；使有变化a seconda della facoltà:按照院系tuttavia:但是，可是，然而laurea breve:短期毕业specifico:特殊的area:领域，范围，区corsi di specializzazione:专门(专业)课程dottorati di ricerca:博士研究生ricerca:寻找；探索，研究statale:国家的，国立的accademico:学院的；学术的politecnico:综合工科大学ateneo:大学，高等院校inferiore:下面的；低级的carente:缺少……的；不足的，不完全的tradursi(p.p.tradotto):自述，自译perdita di tempo:浪费时间vantaggio:优势，好处svantaggio:不利，劣势，害处avere sede: (地址)处于，位于sede,la:住所，场地maestoso:雄伟的，壮丽的，庄严的Glossariodiscutere(p.p.discusso):讨论esame di laurea:毕业考试ulteriore:进一步的，以后的；较远的ambito:界限，范围Autovalutazioneriportare:带回，归还che classe fai?:你读什么班？Appendice grammaticaleallegro:快乐的raccontare:叙述il perché:原因Materiale per le situazioni comunicative Aintensivo:紧张的；强化的alloggio:住宿escursione,l’(f.):远足Bsuper-intensivo:超级紧张的；超强化的supplementare:补充的a persona:个人，每人stanza singola:单人间stanza doppia:双人间cucina:厨房，烹饪nei dintorni di Firenze:在佛罗伦萨郊区dintorni:郊区QUADERNO DEGLI ESERCIZI1batteria:电池scarico:空的4giocattolo:玩具5succo di frutta:鲜榨水果汁dietetico:饮食的6rubare:偷，盗窃fogli,i(sg.il foglio):纸7onomastico:命名日fatto:事情8lavanderia:洗衣房nel pomeriggio:在下午atteggiamento:态度9medicina:内服药farmacista:药剂师10convalidare:使生效，确认11collezionare:收集，收藏accaduto:发生的事情macchina fotografica:照相机fotografico:摄影的，照相的13permettersi(p.p.permesso):允许自己essere contrari a...:反对arrestare:逮捕，拘留si tratta certamente di un errore:这肯定是一个错误assumere(p.p.assunto):聘用in un gran supermercato:在一个大超市里14hai appreso la notizia?:你知道这个消息吗? 16mestiere,il:职业，工作17importare:进口distare:距，有……的距离18a buon mercato:便宜的fabbrica:工厂19condurre(p.p.condotto):进行，开展milionario:百万富翁residenziale:住宅的smetterla (di)(p.p.smesso):您停止20derivare:源于formulare:照格式写ciascuno:每人21autista:司机，驾驶员22sociologo:社会学家abbandono:抛弃scolastico:学校的dispersione:分散adolescente:青少年alla base di...:基于mancanza:缺乏educativo:有教养的annoiare:使烦恼media,i(sg. il medium):媒体rendimento:效率disagio:不自在，拘束Test finaleAdesinenza:词尾collana:项链crociera:游海magnifico:壮丽的；华丽的；杰出的；极好的meraviglioso:极好的Bfinanza:财政学vivace:活泼的un sacco di...:一袋……；一包……Ccortese:有礼貌的convincente:有说服力的diplomarsi:毕业specializzarsi:专门化，专业化Dspaventoso:吓人的，恐怖的vi mangiano:在那里吃UNITÀ 2Soldi e lavoroLIBRO DELLO STUDENTEPer cominciare 1sportello bancomat:银行自动取款机sportello: (售票、服务等)窗口bancomat:银行借记卡assegno:支票Per cominciare 2risparmiare:节省Per cominciare 3conto corrente,il:活期账户fare la fila:排队In questa unità...formulare:提出，表明curriculum vitae,il:简历，履历pronomi relativi:关系代词costrutto:句法关系gerundio:副动词A1almeno(avv.):至少sicuro:安全的，确信的bancario:银行的pensato apposta per gli studenti:特意为学生考虑到apposta(avv.):特意地tipo:种类，类型prima di tutto:首先evitare:避免，禁止operazione:操作per telefono:用电话，通过电话via internet:通过因特网spiritoso:幽默的，生动的al contrario:相反maniera:方式，态度，手法conto in rosso:可透支账户A3impiegata di banca:银行女职员tasso d’interesse:利息率tasso:率，比率interesse,l’(m.):利息；利益，好处secondo:第二prelevare:提取，抽取automatico:自动的appunto(avv.):正是；确实如此funziona anche come carta di credito:也作信用卡使用acquisto:购买；获得A5indeclinabile:无性数变化的equivoco:歧义；误会A6trattoria:餐馆A7serio:严肃的，严重的A8è sempre preceduto da...:总是在……之后accompagnato da...:在……的陪伴下，伴以……A9in base a...:基于……avere fiducia (in):信任(某人)caotico:混乱的，无序的B1in disordine:混乱的，杂乱的disordine,il:混乱，杂乱per curiosità:出于好奇curiosità:好奇心mutuo:借，抵押altrimenti(avv.):不同地；反之，否则al verde:身无分文il fatto è che...:事实是……B2rivolgere una domanda:反复考虑一个问题rivolgere(p.p.rivolto):盘算，反复思考B3lasciarsi (con):与……分开，与……分手Cegregio:杰出的；(书信中）尊敬的C2spettabile: (商业信函中)尊敬的(公司、企业等) cortese:彬彬有礼的，谦恭的in risposta all’annuncio:恢复通知apparire(p.p.apparso):出现，显现desiderare:希望；祝愿sottoporre (a)(p.p.sottoposto):提交，提请candidatura:候选人身份，候选人资格allegare:附带，附加maturare:使成熟didattica:教学法的，教学的adolescente:青少年esigenza:要求，苛求prestigioso:有威信的，有声望的，受尊敬的in attesa di...:等候，等待resto a Sua disposizione:我听您吩咐(支配) eventuale:可能发生的，偶然的colloquio:谈话，会谈；面试distinti saluti: (信函结尾)致以问候distinto:有区别的；著名的，杰出的redazione:编辑；编辑部attualmente(avv.):目前，当前fare riferimento:提及riferimento:涉及；参照personalmente(avv.):亲自；就个人而言C3essa: (阴性）它C4tocca a voi:轮到你们了azienda:企业lettera di presentazione:推荐信，介绍信campo:领域；田地operare:工作，活动；进行，实行posto:位置，地位editoria:出版业arredamento:室内布置，装饰ricoprire(p.p.ricoperto):盖住，覆盖；担任responsabile vendite:销售人员，经销商formula:惯用语；套式，程式apertura:开头，开篇chiusura:结尾，末尾ditta:商号，公司porgere(p.p.porto):表示，致以cordiale:由衷的，发自内心的cordialmente(avv.):热烈地，亲切地stima:尊重，敬重fede,la:信任，忠实C5proverbio:谚语C6da sè:自己，单独pigliare:抓，拿sano:健康的alloggiare:提供住宿，留宿tesoro:宝藏，宝贝Din bocca al lupo!:祝你成功!(考试、狩猎等之前祝贺用语）D1candidato:候选人，应考者concorso:竞赛，竞争deluso:失望的，失落的D2ciascuno:每个的nel senso che...:意思是……，就是说……fare la domanda:提问题mesi e mesi:一连几个月il che:这个，这一点（指代上文提到的事）incoraggiante:令人振奋的，鼓舞人心的concorso pubblico:公开比赛in che senso... ?: ……是什么意思？Crepi!:但愿如此! (专门用以回答“In bocca al lupo!”) crepare:破裂，裂开D3coloro:颜色E1colloquio di lavoro:应聘面试，招工面试frequente:频繁的，经常的E3nascita:出生；出身stato civile:婚姻状况stato:状况，状态civile:市民的，公民的；世俗的celibe:独身的，未婚的istruzione:教育，教导titoli di studio:学位voto:分数votazione:分，分数informatico:信息学的sistema operativo:操作系统operativo:实用的，操作的lavorativo:工作的E5abbigliamento:服装ricercare:寻找addetto alle vendite:销售员addetto:雇员，职员pacchetti informatici:计算机信息包preferibilmente(avv.):更可取地，更好地affidabilità:可信度precisione:确切，正确，精确costituire:建造，创造periodo di prova:试用期assunzione:雇佣；承担a tempo indeterminato:不定时的indeterminato:未确定的，不明确的via fax:通过传真assicurazioni:保险neolaureato:新毕业的大学生inserire:插入，加上responsabile commerciale:商务代表、负责人requisito:要求，必要条件età inferiore ai 29 anni:年龄29岁以下programmi informatici:计算机程序preferenziale:优先的，优惠的studi legali:律师事务所legale:法律的corsi specialistici:专业课程specialistico:专业的，专门的finanziario:财政的，金融的tramite:通过aziendale:企业的，单位的sezione:处，科；分部opportunità:适宜；时机compagnia:公司Fin diretta:现场直播的diretta:直接的F2imbarazzante:使人为难的，令人尴尬的scambiare:弄错，搞错；交换，调换ospite:客人，宾客cardinale,il:红衣主教Papa,il:罗马教皇accorgersi (di)(p.p.accorto):注意到originario:最初的，原始的；出生于当地的epocale:时代的，时期的è finito:完了，毫无办法telecamera:电视摄像机mondiale:世界的，世界范围的proporsi come tecnico:自荐为技术员proporsi(p.p.proposto):自我推荐tecnico:技术员all’improvviso:突然stavo per allontanarmi:我正要离开allontanarsi:离开，远离reception,la:招待会quando un tipo:这时有个家伙……seguire:跟随，跟着di fretta:匆忙地，赶忙per stargli dietro:为了跟住他correndo correndo:跑啊跑啊，跑着跑着camerino:小屋，化妆室truccatore:化妆师al trucco: (在)化装，化妆trucco:化装，化妆dritto nello studio:直接到演播室conduttrice:女主持人incertezza:犹豫不决，不确定stare calmo:沉住气calmo:平静的；镇静的licenziare:解雇assumere(p.p.assunto):雇佣azzeccare: (把仪器)归零lì per lì:一时，霎时间nel frattempo:与此同时lobby,la:休息室，大厅monitor,il:监视器，监控器comparire(parso):出现，显露schermo:银幕，屏幕volto:脸；外表sconosciuto:不知名的，陌生的coerente:连贯的，有条理的intervistatrice:女采访记者l’equivoco si è sciolto:误会解除了sciogliersi(p.p.sciolto):解除；融化accogliere(p.p.accolto):欢迎，接待；容纳recarsi:去，前往disoccupato:失业者licenziamento:解雇in modo generico:以普通方式generico:一般的，普通的venire fuori: (说、做)出来incoerente:不连贯的，无条理的F3evidenziare:专门列出，特别表明aspetto:方面；外观progressivo:渐进的，逐渐的prossimità:靠近，临近，接近F4fare quattro passi:走走，散步F5storiella:小故事G1definizione:定义，解说tratte da un dizionario:从字典中找出commercialista:经济贸易学家elettricista:电工cuoco:厨师operaio:工人riparare:保护，避难installare:安置，安装impianto:装置，设备elettrico:电的，带电的mestiere,il:手艺，职业scuola d’infanzia:幼儿园infanzia:童年，幼年期professionista:从事某一职业者amministrativo:行政的，管理的serve a tavola:餐厅服务servire:为……服务provvedere (a):提供，供给；采取措施pulizie:打扫卫生，扫除lavoratore:工作者dipendente:从属的；职员manuale:手工的，手做的faticoso:使疲劳的，费力的arte del cucinare:厨艺sbrigare:应对，处理corrispondenza:来往信函G3fissare:预约；确定，决定chiarimento:解释，说明G4condizione:条件，待遇ambiente,l’(m.):环境in alternativa:轮流地，交替地Conosciamo l’italiaL’economia italianaIl miracolo italianomiracolo:奇迹economia basata:基础经济sull’agricoltura:关于农业方面agricoltura:农业，农学materie prime:原料piano:计划finanziamento:投资，提供资金sostegno:支撑，支柱；依靠ripresa economica:经济复苏mettere in ginocchio:跪下，下跪；陷入危机realizzare:实现opere pubbliche:公共事业autostrada:高速公路consumo:使用，消耗，耗费rinnovare:更新manodopera:劳动力；人工成本essere in grado (di):有……能力，能够……esportare:出口，输出frigorifero:电冰箱lavatrice,la:洗衣机tessile:纺织的，织物的settore:领域，部门metalmeccanico:冶金机械的petrolchimico:石油化学的senza precedenti:史无先例的，空前的“boom” economico:经济景气accentuare:强调，加剧squilibrio:不平衡decine di migliaia:数以万计的decina:十个左右migliaia,le(sg. il migliaio):一千个左右emigrare:移居他乡，移民industriale:工业的cassa:银行，基金会Mezzogiorno:意大利南方istituire:建立，设立favorire:促进，有利于L’economia oggiuno dei paesi più sviluppati al mondo:世界发达国家之一creatività:创造性，创造力affermarsi:成名；流行macchinario:机器，机械motocicletta:摩托车elettrodomestico:家用电器design,il: (工业)设计pneumatico:轮胎salumi,i(sg. il salume):猪肉食品capo:件数calzature: (总称)鞋accessorio:附件，配饰di alta qualità:优质的servizi:服务occupare:占，占有popolazione:人口，人民tra l’altro:再说，此外telecomunicazione:远距离通信，电信elemento:要素，组成部分quest’ultima:后者（指最后提到的人、物）di proprietà:属于……私有的Belpaese,il:美丽国度（特指意大利）ammirare:欣赏tesori d’arte:艺术珍宝bellezze naturali:美丽的自然景色fiera:集市，商品展览会colosso:巨人appartenere:归属，归……所有trasformazione:改变segnale,il:信号，标记verificarsi:被证实，得到证明risorse naturali:自然资源risorsa:资源a livello europeo:按欧洲标准的，欧洲水平的costoso:贵的，昂贵的marchio:腐烂的，腐朽的portale,il:正门，大门；门户网站promuovere(p.p.promosso):促进，提升lasciare il segno:留下痕迹，留下记号segno:痕迹，标记，符号forte presenza:完美的形象presenza:外表，形象segreto:秘密Glossariosostanza:实体，物质petrolio:石油ferro:铁legno:木头，木料edificio:建筑物，大厦funzionamento:行使职责；活动，运转industria:工业，产业umano:人类的，人的stoffa:织物，织品，布料mettere in evidenza:明确指出，强调指出evidenza:明显，显著fondare:建立gomma:橡胶，橡皮veicolo:车辆，运输工具settore terziario:第三产业，服务业esposizione:展览，陈列salone,il:展览会mostra-mercato,la:展销会Autovalutazionenon vedere tutto nero:不要太悲观decennio:十年versare:投资，注资mettere soldi da parte:存钱，攒钱mole,la:庞大的建筑物Appendice grammaticalefacoltativo:可任意选择的legato(inf. legare):联结的complemento di specificazione:补充阐明concordare:一致ammettere(p.p.ammesso):接纳，允许，承认oltre il termine previsto:超出预先目的oltre:多于……termine,il:目的elenco:一览表valere(p.p.valso):价值affrettarsi (a):赶快compiere:完成avvertire:通知，警告Materiale per le situazioni comunicativeAmaster,il:硕士tecnologia:技术ottimo:最好的tirocinio:培训，实习membro:成员staff,lo: (全体)工作人员studi di registrazioni:录音棚registrazione,la:录音audio-visivo:视听的traccia:要点；踪迹，痕迹trattamento economico:经济待遇trattamento:待遇Bessere disposto (a):准备好……QUADERNO DEGLI ESERCIZI1operare:做手术sopportare:容忍storico:历史学家parlare male:讲坏话2cittadino:城市的3sa il fatto suo:精通本职工作non prende mai le cose sul serio:从未认真地对待事情4fidarsi (di):信任（某人）5contare (su):依靠（某人）6sporco:脏的7parrucchiera:女理发师8scadere:到期maggiormente(avv.):较大地；较多地aprirsi(p.p.aperto):推心置腹9gioventù,la:青少年时期pesciolino:小鱼ereditare:继承10affidare (a):委托11dipendente:职员idratante:水合的effetto:结果miracoloso:神奇的vantaggioso:合算的12beato:有福的13alla rinfusa:杂乱无章的colui:那个人colei:她non guasta:不影响guastare:影响borsa di studio:奖学金gadget,il:小玩意14scoppiare una guerra:爆发一场战争orribile:可怕的in tempo:及时17corrispondente:相应的noioso:令人厌烦的，乏味的18pallacanestro,la:篮球19in riferimento a...:关于……a pieni voti:满分conseguire:获得management,il:管理precedentemente(avv.):在前地，在先地perfezionare:使完善competenza:能力scrittura:书写grafica:书画刻印艺术impiego:职业，职务estero:对外的elettronica:电子学tuttora(avv.):仍然，还prospettive:前景，前途ambizione:志向responsabilità:责任；职责，职务all’interno di...:在……内部struttura:组织，机构professionalità:专业riscontro:回信gentilezza:有礼貌的言行teorico:理论的20vicedirettore:副主任，副经理includere(p.p.incluso):包括，包含borsa:金钱prepagare:预付Test finale Amammone,il:总缠着妈妈的小孩precario:不固定的stage,lo:舞台dedicarsi:致力于，专心于a tempo pieno:全天地con il risultato che...:结果是per necessità:为了必需品Bignorante:无知的人Cautomobilistico:汽车工业的destino:目的地Dfortemente(avv.):极其，非常potere,il:权利ruota:车轮motore:发动机notevole:显著的extraurbano:位于外城的a pagamento:要付钱的vietare:禁止pedone:行人distribuzione:销售，发行interpretazione:解释UNITÀ 3In viaggio per l’Italia LIBRO DELLO STUDENTEin viaggio per l’italia:走遍意大利Per cominciare 1località:地方，场所viaggio di nozze:蜜月旅行culturale:文化的，修养的Per cominciare 4stipendio:薪水，工资altissimo:极高的，很高的spostamento:移动，调动，转移In questa unitàparagone,il:比较，对比dare giudizi:做出判断，做出评价giudizio:判断，评判turistico:旅行的lessico:词汇relativo a...:与……有关alberghiero:旅馆的comparazione:比较，对照grado:程度，水平，等级farcela:办到，办成andarsene:离开，走掉A1numerare:给……编号，计数vivace:活泼的，热烈的fare a meno (di):缺少……；放弃……già:当然；是吗meno(avv.):较少地，更少地non ti resta che Firenze:你只应该去佛罗伦萨impersonale:一般的，无特点的dai:快点，快città d’arte:艺术之城se la pensi così:如果你这么看它rinunciare (a):放弃，抛弃casa, dolce casa:家，温馨的家quanto:与……一样spostarsi:移动，转移vaporetto:汽船，汽艇il massimo:最大量，最大限度ospitale:好客的frenetico:疯狂的，狂热的per di più:此外，更加fa un freddo cane:冷得可怕catena:连锁店A2intendere(p.p.inteso):听见sopportabile:可忍受的，可承受的sopportare:忍受，承受punto di vista:观点alternativa:取舍，抉择A3indeciso:未定的，不明确的vivo:有活力的，活泼的prendere in considerazione:考虑，研究considerazione:考虑，思考rischiare (di):冒着……的危险A4declinarsi: (语法)性数变化A6confronto:比较，对照comparativo:比较级di maggioranza:较大程度的maggioranza:较大程度minoranza:较小程度uguaglianza:同等程度A7magro:瘦的comodo:舒适的，方便的A8osservazione:评论，意见abitante:居民，人口esattezza:准确，精细superficie,la(pl.le superfici):面积Btorinese:都灵人B1mentalità:思想，精神B2metà:一半viceversa(avv.):相反，反之sindaco:市长sono pazzo di Agrigento:我对阿格里琴托(西西里城市)着迷pazzo:疯子costiera:海岸，沿海地区adorare:崇拜，喜爱meridionale:南方的settentrionale:北方的di origini calabresi:原籍是卡拉普里亚的calabrese:卡拉普里亚区的piemontese:皮埃蒙特区的；皮埃蒙特人sangue,il:血液，血统siciliano:西西里人；西西里的ho parenti sparsi lungo tutta la penisola:我在整个(意大利)半岛都有亲戚spargere(p.p.sparso):分散，撒落，布满lungo(prep.):沿着scrittrice:女作家è una parte di me:是我的一部分spirito:精神，心灵emozione:兴奋，激动affascinare:吸引，引人入胜fermo:静止的，不动的guidare:引导；驾驶semaforo:信号灯privacy,la: (英语)私生活，隐私garantire:担保，保证，确保chiunque:不论谁，任何人a ogni ora:在每个小时insomma(avv.):总之，总而言之terribilmente(avv.):恐怖地veneziano:威尼斯的；威尼斯人si lascia guidare:他使自己受……支配 (由……引导) godere (di):享受B4furbo:狡猾的，机智的recitare:朗诵，背诵verdura:蔬菜B5chef: (法语)厨师长attraente:有吸引力的，有魅力的B6riquadro:方形，方块sardo:撒丁岛的；撒丁岛人，撒丁岛方言palermitano:巴勒莫的；巴勒莫人，巴勒莫方言milanese:米兰的；米兰人，米兰方言lombardo:伦巴第区的；伦巴第人，伦巴第方言emiliano:艾米利亚区的；艾米利亚人molisano:莫利塞区的；莫利塞人C1criterio:标准，准则C2immerso nel verde:陷入贫困中immergere(p.p.immerso):浸入，陷入immenso:广大的，辽阔的campeggio:野营，露营parcheggio:停车处，停车场C3menzionare:提及，说起satellitare:卫星的，人造卫星的mini bar,il:迷你酒吧frigobar,il:冷柜式酒吧aria condizionata:空调设备，冷气设备C4matrimoniale:婚姻的，结婚的con vista sul parco:能看到公园风景的chiede indicazioni su come arrivare:询问如何到达C5quanto possibile:尽可能C6raggiungere(p.p.raggiunto):抵达，到达esclusivo:排外的；专有的auditorium,l’(m.):礼堂，音乐厅attrattiva:吸引力，魅力，诱惑力situare:放置，安放residenziale:住宅的atmosfera:大气；气氛rilassante:放松的，缓和的spuntino:小吃，快餐sala riunioni:会议厅riunione:会议，聚会capienza:容纳量，吸收力Grande Raccordo Anulare:罗马环形公路raccordo:连接处anulare:环行的proseguire:继续；继续进行ristrutturare:重组，改建rapido:快的collegamento:联系，连接punti di interesse:兴趣点prima colazione a buffet:自助式早餐prima colazione:早餐buffet,il:自助餐，冷餐会torte fatte in casa:家庭制作的蛋糕gratuitamente(avv.):免费地su richiesta:要求，需求garage,il: (法语)汽车库Rete,la:网络doccia:淋浴，淋浴器idromassaggio:水流按摩con sauna convenzionata:带有指定的桑拿sauna:桑拿convenzionare:商定，协定C7pernottare:在外过夜D1prezioso:珍贵的，贵重的superlativo relativo:相对最高级D3fumetto:连环画D4superlativo assoluto:绝对最高级D5signoria:统治，管辖grandezza:大小，尺寸monumentale:纪念碑的，多古迹的；纪念性的nettuno:海王星；海神capolavoro:杰作raccolta:集，汇集straordinario:非凡的，不寻常的cittadino:公民，市民incantare:使着魔，使入迷fiorentino:佛罗伦萨的；佛罗伦萨人，佛罗伦萨方言salvare:挽救，拯救medievale:中世纪的stradina:小道，小街bottega:店铺，小手工业作坊artigiano:手艺人，工匠；手工业的aperte sulla via:在街道上开设malinconia:忧郁，伤感ovunque(avv.):无论何处scoprire(p.p.scoperto):发现，认出tetto:房顶，屋顶antenna:天线D6paragrafo:段落D7cattivo:坏的peggiore:更差的，更糟的guadagno:挣钱，收入più alti del previsto:比预料的要高aspettativa:等待，预料，期望D8misura:测量，尺寸，计量单位polizia stradale:交通警察responsabilità:责任E2soggiorno:逗留，停留；起居室pernottamento:在外面过夜ricevimento:接受，接待volo:航班bagaglio:行李guida:向导，导游meta:目的地，终点E5invitante:邀请者brochure,la:小册子，手册deludente:令人失望的，令人沮丧的esporre(p.p.esposto):说明，解释；展出，陈列affrontare:面临；应付ospitalità:接待，款待professionalità:职业特性，专业技巧personale,il:人员Conosciamo l’italiaRomaeterno:不朽的，永恒的impero:帝国antichità:古老，古代estendersi(p.p.esteso):扩大，延伸，蔓延riva:岸，滨fiume,il:河tevere,il:台伯河contare:计算；有splendido:辉煌的；杰出的metropoli,la:大城市，大都会ore di punta:高峰时间ordinario:普通的，平常的innumerevole:无数的，数不清的meritare:值得foro:广场，市场religioso:宗教的politico:政治的vi si trovano:那里坐落着rovine:废墟templi,i(sg. il tempio):庙宇palazzo:宫殿；楼房epoca:纪元，时代anfiteatro: (古罗马的)圆形露天剧场isola pedonale:行人安全岛pedonale:行人的punti di ritrovo:聚会地点piacevole:愉快的，令人高兴的animare:赋予生命，使有生气frequentatissimo:人们经常光顾的deve il suo nome a...:由……而得名ambasciata:大使馆enorme:巨大的，庞大的scalinata:大台阶trinità: (圣父、圣子、圣灵)三位一体monte,il:山，山峰grandioso:宏伟的，壮丽的gettare:投，抛moneta:货币；硬币fare ritorno:回到，返回basilica:长方形教堂，大教堂circondare:围绕，围住portico:拱廊，柱廊pietà:怜悯，同情cappella:小教堂，祭台indipendente:独立的，自主的catacomba:地下巢穴，坟墓terme:温泉浴室，古罗马公共浴场Glossariogovernare:统制，管理imperatore:皇帝pratiche religiose:宗教仪式，宗教活动riservare:保留，保存tutt’intorno:周围一切impressionare:给人以深刻印象sotterraneo:地下的；秘密的cristiano:基督教的；基督教教徒cimitero:墓地，公墓pregare:请求，恳求；向……祷告disporre (di)(p.p.disposto):拥有，支配Milano e Bolognafertile:肥沃的，富饶的Borsa Valori:证券交易所efficiente:高效率的，有能力的inevitabile:不可避免的trasferirsi:搬家，迁徙urbano:城市的，都市的rappresentativo:代表性的，典型的senz’altro:当然，无疑gotico:歌特人；歌特式的cattedrale,la:主教教堂，大教堂celebre:著名的，驰名的lirico:抒情的un tempo:曾经，一度residenza:寓所，住宅duchi,i(sg. il duca):公爵dal vivo:亲历，在现场Cenacolo:《最后的晚餐》convento:修道院naviglio:可航行的运河gastronomico:烹调法的，美食学的rinomato:有名的，闻名的varietà:多样，变化，不同torre,la:塔，塔状建筑物pendente:倾斜的andare a spasso:去散步，去遛弯Glossariocolonnato:柱廊；有柱子的andare in scena:上演，演出Venezia e Napolicanale,il:运河，水渠suggestivo:动人的，迷人的sospiro:叹气，叹息condannato:被判刑的；被判刑的人sospirare:叹气sott’acqua:水下的affondare:面对lentamente(avv.):缓慢地centimetro:厘米meraviglioso:惊人的，绝妙的，精彩的sorgere(p.p.sorto):树立，升起veneto:威尼托的；威尼托人bizantino:拜占庭的intervento:介入，干涉traccia:足迹，踪迹romanico:罗马式的，罗马风格的rinascimentale:文艺复兴时期的，文艺复兴风格的ducale:公爵的gloria:光荣，荣誉doge,il: (威尼斯共和国和热那亚共和国的)执政官Repubblica marinara:海上共和国morire(p.p.morto):死，死亡golfo:海湾ai piedi:在……脚下vulcano:火山regno:王国glorioso:光荣的，荣誉的testimonianza:证据，证明affascinante:迷人的，诱惑人的aperto:敞开的，开朗的dialetto:方言musicale:音乐的grave:沉重的，严重的disoccupazione:失业criminalità:犯罪Glossarioemozionante:令人兴奋的，令人激动的stupito:惊奇的，惊讶的orgoglio:骄傲，自豪autorità:权力，权威Autovalutazionea due letti:两张床的la maggior parte:大部分a quattro stelle:四星级的Appendice grammaticaledi già:已经in gamba:能干的pessimo:最坏的，最糟的minimo:最小的，最少的Materiale per le situazioni comunicativeAmezza pensione:包一餐的膳宿Bsistemazione:整理；安排tappa:宿营地，休息accoglienza:欢迎，接待imperiale:皇帝的，帝国的aperitivo:开胃酒visita guidata:有向导的游览bilingue:讲两种语言的imbarco:上船，上飞机inclusi nel prezzo:包含在价格内includere(p.p.incluso):包括pullman,il:游览汽车，大轿车，软卧车厢a scelta:任意选择al di fuori di...:在……外面；在……之外bevanda:饮料in caso di...:在……的情况下impossibilità:不可能性alcuno:一些importo:总数，总额QUADERNO DEGLI ESERCIZI2educato:有教养的3servizi:厨房和浴室raramente(avv.):难得地4dedurre(p.p.dedotto):推论，推断5nutriente:滋养的，滋补的miele,il:蜜，蜂蜜argento:银campo di calcio:足球场campo da tennis:网球场6stupidaggine,la:傻话riservato:慎重的，谨慎的decisamente(avv.):无疑地per ricordo:作为回忆，作为纪念presuntuoso:傲慢的，自以为是的maleducato:无教养的8benestante:富裕的10tunisia:突尼斯11violento:暴力的stancante:疲劳的12diamante,il:钻石pietra:石头13inquinamento:污染14mettere piede:走进15in commercio:供出售16altezza:高度，海拔piramide,la:金字塔Partenone,il:帕尔特诺（那不勒斯古名）lunghezza:长，长度topo:老鼠17in classifica:排名stagionale:季节的18palazzina:带庭院的小楼房19labbra,le(sg.il labbro):嘴唇sdraiare:使躺下rapire:使陶醉infinito:无穷尽的，极大的dipingere(p.p.dipinto):涂抹20questionario:调查表，一组问题21albergatore:店主praticamente(avv.):基本上collaboratore:合作者，协作者punto di forza:强项gustare:品尝Test finaleBa partire da...:从…开始assaggio:品尝degustazione:品尝，品味normanno:诺曼底的eremiti,gli(sg. l’eremita):隐士barocco:巴洛克艺术风格的programmare:制订计划Cm2 (metro quadro/quadrato):平方米1° test di ricapitolazione(unità 1, 2 e 3)Cvergognarsi:感到羞愧，害羞divorziare:离婚UNITÀ 4Un po’ di storiaLIBRO DELLO STUDENTEPer cominciare 1Rinascimento:文艺复兴Medioevo:中世纪Per cominciare 2conquistare:征服；赢得invadere(p.p.invaso):入侵，侵略favola:寓言parlamento:议会，国会；众议院monarchia:君主制度，君主政体；君主国Per cominciare 4fondazione:建立，创立Romolo:罗穆卢斯（传说中的罗马缔造者）uccidere(p.p.ucciso):杀，杀死Remo:瑞摩斯（罗穆卢斯的孪生弟弟）dittatore,il:独裁者，专政者villaggio:乡村，村庄generale,il:将军odiare:憎恨，厌恶Augusto:奥古斯督Caligola:卡里古拉（古罗马皇帝）nerone:尼禄大帝Marco Aurelio:马可·奥烈留In questa unità...lontani nel passato:很久以前，遥远的以前affermare:断言，确认contraddire(p.p.contraddetto):反驳；与…相反passato remoto:远过去时remoto:遥远的，久远的，发生在久远年代的avverbi di modo:方式副词A1con il tempo:随着时间的推移，后来Romani:古罗马的，古罗马人的sconfiggere(p.p.sconfitto):战胜potenza:力量，威力。
blues and jazz
Some famous blues musicians(音乐家[mju'zɪʃə and singers ɪʃən]) ɪʃə are Bessie Smith, John Lee Hooker,and B.B.king. B.B King named his guitar “lucille.” 蓝调音乐和爵士乐在二十世纪很受欢迎。 蓝调音乐和爵士乐在二十世纪很受欢迎。一个人唱着 蓝调音乐感觉悲伤。通常,他或她失去了某些东西——一 蓝调音乐感觉悲伤。通常,他或她失去了某些东西——一 —— 个人,或者或许金钱或工作。 个人,或者或许金钱或工作。悲伤的时候唱着蓝调音乐是 一个有趣的表达方式。 一个有趣的表达方式。人们演奏蓝调音乐只用一个或两个 乐器,例如,吉他,口琴,或是,一架钢琴。 乐器,例如,吉他,口琴,或是,一架钢琴。有时他们唱着没 有任何乐器。一些著名的蓝调音乐家和歌手如贝茜史密斯, 有任何乐器。一些著名的蓝调音乐家和歌手如贝茜史密斯, 约翰· 胡克,比比金。比比金指他的吉他“露西尔” 约翰·李 胡克,比比金。比比金指他的吉他“露的非洲人到美国之前和在十 九世纪。这些非洲人带来了他们的音乐。在美国内战(1861年到 1865年),非洲裔美国人在美国出赛的报导都不是奴隶。他们的非 洲裔的美国音乐成名了。它开始在南方,在路易斯安那州和密西 西比州。然后它旅行到北方。这音乐成为蓝调音乐以及爵士乐。
Blues and jazz became very popular in the twentieth century. A person who “sings the blues” feels sad. Usually, he or she lost(失去了[lɔst, lɔ:st]) something - a person, or ɔ ɔ maybe money or a job. Blues express (表达[ik‘spres])sad feelings(感情['fi:liŋs]) sometimes in a funny way. People feelings( ['fi:liŋs]) played blues first with only one or two instruments(乐 器 ['ɪnstrəmənt] ), for example, a guitar, a, harmonica(口琴 [hɑ:'mɔnikə]), or sometimes a piano. Sometimes they sang ɑ ɔ without any instruments.
西班牙语词汇表
a.C.(AntesdeCristo)公元前
acumulartr.积累
aguaf.水
añadirtr.补充，追加
acusadoadj.明显的
aguantartr.忍受
ábacom.算盘
acusartr.指控，控告
agudizartr.磨尖；使敏锐
abandonartr.抛弃
adaptaciónf.改编，节选
actualadj.目前的
agrícolaadj.农业的
a suvez而他、她、它(们)
actualidadf.现在，当前
agricultor,ram.,f.农民
a todacarrera飞快地
acudirintr.赶到，前来
agriculturaf.农业的
a travésde通过
acueductom.导渠，渡槽
Argel阿尔及尔(地名)
alquilerm.房租
anteanocheadv.前天晚上
argelino阿尔及利亚的；阿尔及利亚人
alrededorm.四周
anteayeradv.前天
Argentina阿根廷
Altamira阿尔塔米拉
antepasado,dam.,f.祖先
argentino,nam.adj.阿根廷人；阿根廷的
ablandartr.使变软
adelanteadv.向前
ahorrartr.节省
aborigenadj.-s土著
adjuticar(se)tr.,prnl.判给；据为己有
ahorrom.节省
abrazartr.拥抱
administraciónf.管理
ahuyentartr.赶走，驱散
希腊罗马神话中的英语词汇,你究竟知道多少？
1、Flora：古希腊罗马神话中的花神。
她嫁给了西风之神Zephyr，丈夫送给她一座满是奇花异草的园子。
春天时，Flora和丈夫Zephyr手挽手在园子里漫步，他们一路走过的地方百花齐放。
Flora在现代英语里指代“植物”。
衍生词:flower，flour，flourish，floral，florist。
2、Muses(缪斯)：希腊神话中掌管艺术的诸神。
共九位，分别是历史、抒情诗、喜剧(牧歌、田园诗)、悲剧、歌舞、爱情诗、颂歌、天文、史诗。
Muses的艺术衍生出单词music，Muses收藏艺术品的地方就是museum。
艺术带来的快乐便是amuse，amusement。
3、Pan(潘)：牧神和森林之神，受打扰时会大声吼叫。
衍生词panic(惊慌，恐慌)。
4、Titan(泰坦)：曾统治世界的巨人族的一员。
Titan在现代英语里指代高大强壮的人，重要人物。
衍生词titanic意指巨大的，极大的。
“泰坦尼克号”即以此命名。
5、Zephyrus(泽费罗斯)：西风之神。
衍生词zephyr(西风，和风，微风)。
6、Atlas：希腊神话中Titans(泰坦)巨神之一，因背叛Zeus(宙斯)被罚在世界的西边尽头以双肩扛天。
16世纪地理学家麦卡脱把Atlas擎天图作为一本地图册的卷首插图。
后人争相效仿，atlas从此有了地图、地图集、身负重担的人的含义。
其他衍生词：Atlantic。
7、Ceres：庄稼保护神。
古罗马遭受大旱，教士们求助女巫占卜，占卜的结果是要立一位新的女神Ceres，向她供奉，这样她就会给大地带来雨水。
此后，Ceres就变成了庄稼的保护神。
cereal从拉丁语变化而来，意即“of Ceres”属于谷物女神的。
衍生词：cereals(谷类，早餐麦片)。
8、Cronos：宙斯的父亲。
害怕子女反抗自己，曾吞食自己的后代。
就像无情的时间，吞噬一切。
因此字根“chron”意指“time”。
衍生词：chronic(耗费时间的，慢性的)：chronology(年代学，年表)。
意大利城市那不勒斯英语
意大利城市那不勒斯英语那不勒斯是意大利南部的第一大城市，坎帕尼亚大区以及那不勒斯省的首府，接下来，我给大家预备了意大利城市那不勒斯英语,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。
意大利城市那不勒斯英语Naples is raucous(乱哄哄的), polluted, anarchic, deafening, crumbling and grubby(肮脏的). Its also a lot of fun. Superbly positioned on a bay, Naples has a little -and often a lot - of everything. It pulsates(有规律地跳动)with noisy street markets and swarms of people buzzing around on Vespas(小型摩托车)with no regard for traffic rules. The old centre bristles with ancient churches, a medieval university and countless eateries and cafes. It also has a reputation for organised crime. But the city forges on, powered by the sheer zest and vitality of its inhabitants. Despite its faults, Naples might be the loveliest spot in Europe.The best time to visit is from April to June, when prices are lower. Late July and August is the time to avoid Italy altogether - the weather boils, prices are inflated and the whole country swarms with holidaymakers. Most Italians go on holiday in August, abandoning the cities and leaving many shops, hotels and restaurants closed.Soon after founding Cumae in 1000 BC, colonists from Rhodes established a settlement on the western side of Mt Vesuvius(维苏威火山). Many centuries later, Phoenician traders(腓尼基商人)from present day Lebanon and Greeks from Athens were attracted by the splendour of the coast and so expanded the settlement, christening it Neapolis (New City). It thrived as a centre of Greek culture and later, under Roman rule, became a favourite of emperors Pompey, Caesar and Tiberius.After successive waves of invasion by the wild Goths(哥特人)and a couple of spells under Byzantium(拜占庭), Naples remained an independent dukedom(公爵领地)for about 400 years until captured by the Normans in 1139. They in turn were replaced by the German Hohenstaufens (who ruled until 1266), then Charles I of Anjou, who took control of the Kingdom of Sicily and turned Naples into its de facto capital. The Angevins were succeeded by the Spanish house of Aragn, under whom the city came to prosper.In 1503 Naples and the Kingdom of Sicily were absorbed by Spain, which sent viceroys(总督)to reign as virtual dictators. Despite their heavy-handed rule, Naples flourished artistically and acquired much of its splendour during this period. Indeed it continued to flower when the Spanish Bourbons(波旁皇族)reestablished Naples as capital of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in 1734. Aside from a Napoleonic interlude (1806 to 1815), the Bourbons remained until 1860, when they were unseated by Garibaldi and the Kingdom of Italy.The city was heavily damaged during more than 100 bombing raids in WWII -marks can still be seen on many monuments. The Allies subsequently presided over a disastrous period of transition from war to peace - many observers have since attributed the initial boom in the citys organised crime, at least in part, to members of the occupying forces. A severe earthquake in 1980 and the dormant, but not extinct Vesuvius looming to the east, remind Neapolitans of their citys vulnerability.扩展：山东省所属大学1、青岛港湾职业技术学院Technological Institute Of Qingdao Harbor2、山东大学Shandong University3、中国海洋大学Chinese Marine University4、青岛大学University Of Qingdao5、山东科技大学University Of Science and Technology Of Shandong6、烟台大学University Of Yantai7、济南大学University Of Jinan8、山东农业大学Shandong Agricultural University9、山东中医药大学Shandong Traditional Chinese Medicine University10、山东师范大学Shandong Normal University相关〔文章〕：1.留学费用低的英语国家2.关于波兰的随笔:留学波兰感受3.遇见波兰生活日记:公路上的波兰4.音乐家肖邦的个人基本资料简介5.三年级语文下册第14课检阅课文。
逼格高的拉丁文单词
逼格高的拉丁文单词
1. Carpe Diem 意为“抓住当下”，这个短语常用于鼓励人们
珍惜现在的时光，不要拖延。
2. Veni, Vidi, Vici 意为“我来，我见，我征服”，这是凯
撒大帝在公元前47年的一次胜利后所说的话，用来表达战胜困难和
取得成功的力量。
3. Per aspera ad astra 意为“通过艰难到达星辰”，这个短
语鼓励人们在面对挑战和困难时坚持不懈，追求更高的目标。
4. Alea iacta est 意为“骰子已经投下”，这是凯撒大帝在
公元前49年跨越博爱河进攻罗马时所说的话，用来表示决心和勇气。
5. Amor vincit omnia 意为“爱征服一切”，这个短语强调爱
的力量和影响，表达了爱是最强大的力量。
6. Eureka 意为“我找到了”，这个单词源自希腊语，被阿基
米德用来表达他在浴缸中发现浮力定律时的喜悦，现在常用来表示
突然的灵感和发现。
7. Veritas vos liberabit 意为“真理将使你自由”，这个短语强调真理的重要性和解放的力量。
8. In vino veritas 意为“酒中有真理”，这个短语暗示人们在酒后更容易说出真心话。
9. Tempus fugit 意为“时光飞逝”，这个短语提醒人们珍惜时间的宝贵性和流逝的速度。
10. Ad astra per aspera 意为“通过艰难到达星辰”，这个短语强调通过克服困难来实现伟大目标的重要性。
以上是一些逼格高的拉丁文单词和短语，它们常常被用于各种场合，包括艺术、文学、口号等，传递着深刻的意义和哲理。
Inspiration from disabled dolphin 来自海豚的鼓舞
Inspiration from disabled dolphin 来自海豚的鼓舞作者：周艳霞来源：《疯狂英语·新阅版》2020年第02期两年了，她一直在看着那只受伤的海豚在水中游来游去。
它竟然可以那么勇敢，为何她不能呢？题材生活体裁记叙文文章词数 398 建议用时 8 min难词探意1. bottlenose /̍b aːtl nəʊz/ n. 宽吻海豚2. ease /iːz/ v. 减轻;缓和3. shrimp /ʃrɪmp/ n. 虾4. approach /əprəʊtʃ/ v. 接近5. glide /glaɪd/ v. 滑动6. nuzzle /̍nʌzl/ v.（用鼻）摩擦;依偎For two years， Maja Kazazic had been watching the injured bottlenose dolphin named Winter swim around the tank. Despite her fear， she felt strong wearing her new leg and eased herself into the pool.In second grade in Mostar， Kazazic lost her five?year⁃old cousin， Jasmina. After Jasminas death， Kazazic promised she would honor the little girl by swimming with a dolphin， an animal that both girls liked. “Jasmina never got the chance to do it， so I decided that someday Id do it for her，” said Kazazic， 32， who was badly injured in an accident 16 years ago.She spent nearly two years in a hospital in Cumberland， Maryland， and received her first artificial leg. Although walking was still painful， she managed to graduate from a local high school. After receiving a BA in psychology at Saint Francis University in Pennsylvania， she moved to Floridas Gulf Coast， landed a job at an insurance firm and eventually started her own websitedevelopment company. After dozens of surgeries， she was able to play the occasional round of golf or set of tennis.To relax， shed watch the dolphins play at Clearwater Marine Aquarium， near her home in Palm Harbor. A young dolphin， Winter， who had lost her tail in a crab trap， caught Kazazics eye，“She swam more like a shrimp than a dolphin.” Trainers were fitting Winter with a high⁃tech tail， which made Winter swim quickly through the water. Kazazic was shocked. “If I can do this，theres no way I cant，” she thought. She approached the trainers， who put her in touch with the inventors， Hanger Prosthetics & Orthotics in Bethesda， Maryland. Within ten days， she had a new leg. “With its soft liner and built⁃in microprocessor that adjusts the fit for different activities and terrains， for the first time in almost 16 years， I was pain⁃free.”Eight months later， Kazazic was ready to keep her promise she had made in honor of Jasmina. She lowered herself into the tank and held out a hand to Winter， who approached cautiously， and then glided away. After a few minutes， the dolphin let Kazazic stroke her back. Finally， Winter nuzzled up to her shoulder. Then the two finished an hour⁃long swim around the pool. Her mother began to cry. “When Kazazic says she is going to do something， she always does it，” she said.Reading Check1. Why did Kazazic promise to swim with a dolphin？A. She wanted to honor her little cousin.B. She wanted to make friends with a dolphin.C. She wanted to study dolphins living habits.D. She wanted to learn more swimming skills.2. What made the disabled dolphin swim quickly as usual？A. A new leg.B. A high⁃tech tail.C. Its body shape.D. Its strong will.3. Which of the following can best describe Kazazic？A. Humorous.B. Generous.C. Helpful.D. Determined.Language StudySentence for writingEight months later， Kazazic was ready to keep her promise she had made in honor of Jasmina. 八個月后，Kazazic已经准备好信守承诺：为了纪念Jasmina，要与海豚一起游泳。
esperanza_rising翻译
The story took place in Mexico, Aguascalientes 1930. Hope is twelve years old, the daughter of Ortega and Ramona sisto. Esperanza's father was a rich farmer and landlord. Esperanza is excited because her birthday is around the corner. Her birthday is on the civil servants after the completion of the harvest of grapes. Esperanza birthday in the evening, Esperanza's mother, Ramona, her grandmother, grandmother, and their housekeeper, Hortensia, very worried about because Esperanza's father came home from the war late. Finally, the ranch foreman and his son started looking for Dad. Before they returned home, the father of the two brothers, Lewis and mark TiO, came to visit the house. They take my dad's belt buckle cowboy found. That night, the ranch captain and his son came home with a carriage with his father. He was killed by a number of robbers. Hope that the dream of her father and other men and boys in the pasture to sing "Happy Birthday", she was in spain.A few days later, the lawyer told Esperanza and her mother's farm and vineyard now belong to them, but because they do not allow their own property, the land belongs to the bank. Lewis is the president of the bank, he does not like, because he has to steal and cheat, is a terrible businessman, and has been not friendly to the family. A politician tries to gain confidencein the community.Lewis offers her mother to buy a house, but the price is much lower than its value. When she turned him down, he had a second program, which was one to marry him. Lewis had a chance to get the bill, but he really wanted to marry her, and he could win any political contest in Mexico. She didn't like the idea, told him, but he reminded her that he is now her landlord, he can make it difficult for her to be on her, if she does not accept his proposal. On the second night, the family wakes up and finds their house is on fire. Everything was burnt down, including the great rose garden of grapes and papa. Her grandmother was hurting, twisted her ankle, and restored her knitting bag. On the second day, Lewis repeated his proposal to the second day, saying that if she does not reconsider her marriage, there will be more damage. Mom said she would think about it, but in fact it was to go to the United States to work with her family and work for her.In order to avoid marriage. She wants to go to the United States with their foreman, Alfonso, his wife and their son Miguel Hortensia. Hope will be a bit of a crush on Miguel, but try to keep a low profile she mentioned that they are in different classes after. She said they were separated by a river.They had to find work in the field, and hope to find it really hard because she was spoiled by her life until this time it. On the train, she does not understand why all the mother's rules have changed. Because of her former fortune, she was hated by several workers, especially a girl named Marta. There they met a girl named Isabel and her parents Juan and Isabel and her brother and sister, baby, Lupe and Pepe. Their living in a work camp is very difficult, in a sand storm after the mother was sick, the Valley fever, lung infection of dust spores, pneumonia and pneumonia. Mother stayed in the hospital for several months. In order to help her well, Esperanza wants to earn money for her grandmother from Mexico and she also challenges with her new life and the medical bills for her mother. Migrant workers in Mexico find jobs in the United States, and they will give them more money than they can do in the economy of Mexico. American farm owners are happy to hire workers in Mexico, because they are much cheaper than other American workers. Her friend, Miguel, stole the money, he wanted to disappear. Hope is not able to help her mother very depressed. In the end, Miguel returned to Mexico with his grandmother and Esperanza's money to take her grandmother to California. Soon after, mother recovered. The end of the storyis the same: "never be afraid to start again". Esperanza learns to deal with her new life and find true happiness without wealth. Although Esperanza said she was from the frog, she was a happy life without a fortune.。
2020-2021学年河南省郑州市荥阳市高一(上)期末英语试卷
2020-2021学年河南省郑州市荥阳市高一（上）期末英语试卷1.（问答题，1.5分）Where does the conversation take place？A.In a restaurant.B.In a shopping mall.C.In a hospital.2.（问答题，1.5分）When does the class begin？A.At 8：50.B.At 8：15.C.At 8：55.3.（问答题，1.5分）Where is the man going？A.Los Angeles.B.The capital of America.C.The capital of Alaska.4.（问答题，1.5分）How did the boy arrive at the classroom？A.By bus.B.By bike.C.By car.5.（问答题，1.5分）What will the woman do next？A． Meet the man.B． See a doctor.C． Visit a friend in hospital.6.（问答题，3分）（1）What's the probable relationship between the speakers？A.Friends.B.Strangers.C.Ticket assistant and customer.（2）What's the woman going to do next month？A.Play the guitar.B.Buy a ticket.C.Go to the music festival.7.（问答题，4.5分）（1）Why did Mary take up writing？A.She took pleasure in writing.B.She didn't do well in school.C.She wanted to be famous.（2）What did Mary's friends encourage her to do？A.To write poems.B.To become a publisher.C.To have her writing published.（3）What does John want to be？A.An actor.B.A writer.C.A director.8.（问答题，4.5分）（1）What is Katherine's plan for this weekend？A.Going to a movie.B.Reading a book.C.Watching a concert play.（2）Where is Esperanza from？A.Mexico.B.California.C.Alaska.（3）What is Esperanza Rising mainly about？A.A tough girl's struggle.B.A struggle against slavery.C.An unfortunate family.9.（问答题，6分）（1）How long is the winter camp？A.For four days.B.For six days.C.For seven days.（2）What is the age range required for the winter campers？A.6-8.B.6-12.C.9-12.（3）Who is Mary？A.Robert's sister.B.Jim's aunt.C.Jim's cousin.（4）How much does the winter camp cost per kid？A.216 dollars.B.261 dollars.C.260 dollars.10.（问答题，4.5分）（1）What did the company develop？A.A robotic dog.B.A robotic cat.C.A robot.（2）What is the speaker's purpose？A.To make people entertained.B.To make a scientific report.C.To introduce a new product.（3）What can we learn about the new product？A.It was developed by Singapore companies.B.It cannot be trained and work without cameras.C.It can be programmed and deliver human's messages.11.（填空题，6分）Top Teen Magazines to FollowAffinityAffinity is one of the largest teen-ran online magazines in the world,devoted to helping teens get early experience in journalism,learn writing skills and communicate with others.Since its launch in 2013，over 8.5 million people from over 200 countries have benefited from it.It covers topics relating to politics,mental health,entertainment etc.7 posts/week || TeenZoneFirst published in 2000，TeenZone is a magazine for the South African teenager.Teens today have voices that we all need to hear.They need to be taken seriously,to be given the chance to express their views and concerns,to ask questions and receive advice,and in enjoy themselves in a safe environment.TenZone seeks to provide this platform（平台）.It is written by teens,for teens.3 posts/week || teenzonemagazine.co.zaThe Teenager TodayNamed The Teenager at the beginning,it was founded in 1963 with the purpose of uniting young people in a bond of true friendship,understanding and love.The Teenager Today is India's only magazine intended for teens.It aims to be Indian teens' high-quality resource for information,practical advice,and answers to all kinds of questions.What's more,it comes to you with lots of fun!5 posts/week||TeenageEstablished in 1988，Teenage is Singapore's first and number one youth publication,and the guide for young adults who want to know the latest in entertainment news,along with fashion,beauty,music trends and lifestyle tips.24 posts/year || .sg（1）On which magazine can we learn how to write a news report？ ___A.Teenage.B.Affinity.C.TeenZone.D.The Teenager Today.（2）What does the TeenZone magazine mainly aim to do？ ___A.Give voice to teens.B.Improve teens' life skills.C.Make teens' voices heard.D.Help teens gain friendships.（3）What do we know about The Teenager Today？ ___A.It was first published in 1988.B.It is interesting for teens to read.C.It was called Teenage at the beginning.D.It is intended for South African teenagers.12.（填空题，8分）When I was a kid,we farmed 200 acres with mules（骡子），and the most naughty one was Robe.It'd frequently jump out and run off.But when asked why he liked it,Dad would say,"When it comes to farm work,Tobe comes up to standards（标准）."Dad died when I was 11，and we had to sell the farm.Those were hard years,but Mom managed to give me my first music lesson.Before long our neighbors liked my songs so much that I decided to make a career of singing.At 17 I left home for the radio station in Jackson and discovered how inexperienced I was.I made up my mind that I would practice until I came up to standards.I took a job as adriver.Given 25 cents a run,I could spend the rest of the time practicing.Finally,when I was good enough,I began playing for audiences nationwide.By now,though,we had two kids and I knew what a family was without a dad,so I quit the performance and entered the most depressing years of my life with all theclothing,homework,and duties wound the house.That was when I thought about Tobe.It was self-willed,but in the field,where it mattered,Tobe came up to standards.So I started doing some listening and made a discovery.My kids' lifestyle may be different.But where standards are concerned--for things like honesty and courage-they often do better than some of us.Not long ago Dick told me he was going lo apply for a job at a TV station. "I know the general manager.I'll put in a good word," I said. "I'd rather go alone," he replied. "If I'm not good enough yet to do the job,I shouldn't get it. "Then I realized he wanted to be up to standards.I felt proud the minute he came home shouting,"Dad,I got the job!"（1）What helped Tobe win support from the author's father？ ___A.Its being full of life.B.Its being good at its job.C.Its difference from other mules.D.Its creating standards for others.（2）When did the author realize his lack of experience in music？ ___A.At the age of 11.B.At the age of 17.C.After he quit performing.D.After he worked as a driver.（3）What did the author discover about his kids？ ___A.They led a healthy lifestyle.B.They were good at listening.C.They had their own shining points.D.They were concerned about standards.（4）How did Dick react to the author's offering to help him get the job？ ___A.He sought further advice.B.He disliked it and refused it.C.He thought it wouldn't work.D.He thought he wasn't fully prepared.13.（填空题，8分）People have long called college the "great equalizer," meaning it gives students from all backgrounds the same opportunities or similar chances for success.A study announced in February 2017 supports this idea.The findings may not come as a surprise to some.For example,it showed a degree from an "Ivy League" or another highly selective school helps students from low income families a great deal.Ivy League is a term for eight private universities in the northeastern United States.Many people consider them to be among the best for higher education in the world.The study found that about 60 percent of the lowest income students at Ivy League schools earned as much as students from the highest income families later in life.But the high cost and strong competition to attend one of these schools can be a barrier（障碍）for many students. What may be more interesting is what less widely known colleges can do.The study identified 10 less selective universities that also helped large numbers of students escape poverty.This proves that any given college can be a tool for success.However,there are other things to consider.The study notes that Ivy League and other top schools are less likely to admit students from low-income families.On average,a young person from the highest income background is 77 percent more likely to attend one of the highest income background is 77 percent more likely to attend one of these schools than someone from the lowest income background.Also,while a college education may help almost everyone,higher income students still have an advantage.The students born into the highest income families still earned at least two percent more after college than anyone else.This is because people from wealthier families have more connections that can help their children.（1）What finding attracts the author's more attention？ ___A.Non-famous schools also benefit students.B.It is quite competitive to enter famous schools.C.College education has great effects on students.D.Ordinary schools do better than well-known ones.（2）What is unfairness of the Ivy League and other top schools？ ___A.They bring too much stress on students.B.They charge too much for education.C.They look down upon poor students.D.They offer more chances to the rich.（3）What factor mentioned in the text can affect a student's income？ ___A.College major courses.B.Different universities.C.Family background.D.Records of study.（4）What is the best title of this text？ ___A.You Don't have to Choose the Most Famous SchoolsB.Does a College Education Help All People Equally？C.Is College Education a Must For Poor Students？D.Well-Known Universities Help You Succeed14.（填空题，8分）As its name suggests,the common swift is a common bird that lives all across Europe and much of Asia,but their flight time is anything but common.It currently holds the record for the most time spent in the air per year,with data showing that some species can spend up to 10 months out of 12 without landing even once.They drink and eat in the air,feeding on any insects that they can catch in flight.They can mate in the air as well,and they can also sleep in the air by gliding on warm air currents known as "thermals".A team of researchers at Lund University developed a new type of micro-data logger to track （追踪） the birds' movements,and fitted them to 19 common swifts that were later caught again.Without going into too much detail about the results of the study,the findings showed that common swifts spent over 99% of their time during the 10-month non-breeding period in the air."A few swifts in our study never landed during this period," study author Anders Hedenström told Seeker,adding that he believed the birds somehow sleep while flying.The study didn't analyze how common swifts can do that,but it's supposed that it is through a mechanism（机制）similar to that of frigate birds and Alpine swifts,which also can stay in the air for months.Common swifts are born to fly.Their bodies have adapted to the almost non-stop flight-their wings are long and narrow,their legs are short and light,and they have an almost perfect aerodynamic（空气动力学）shape.They also change their feathers very slowly over a period of six months,so as not to affect their flight.Swifts generally have a higher survivability rate compared to most birds,and their love offlight is believed to directly influence that.Being in the air for long periods of time means they don't have to worry about meeting predators（捕食者）except those catching then by accident.Data shows that common swifts can reach ages of 20 years or more,and fly over three million kilometers.That's seven round trips to the moon.（1）What can we know about the common swifts？ ___A.They fly in the air all the year around.B.They are the only birds without landing for months.C.They stay longer in the air than any other bird.D.They can't fly long without warn air currents.（2）Why did the researcher fit the micro-data logger to the swifts？ ___A.To limit their flight range.B.To catch more swifts.C.To record their activity.D.To measure their flight height.（3）What's the paragraph 4 mainly about？ ___mon swifts' perfect flying body structure.B.The reasons for common swifts' long flight.C.The speed of changing their feathers.D.The differences of their movements.（4）What can we infer from the text？ ___A.Some swifts can fly far to the moon.B.Swifts don't have natural enemies.C.Flight contributes to swifts' long life.D.The higher the swifts fly,the safer they are.15.（填空题，10分）Ways to Improve Participation（参与）in Your Virtual Classroom（虚拟课堂）During remote learning this spring,students in Shai Klima's high school class led their own discussions over Google Meet.（1）___ After that students shared their responses at the start of the meeting as a jumping-off point for a broader class discussion.While students conversed（谈话） on video,Klima listened and drew lines on a sheet of paper tracking the flow of the conversation,resulting in a spider web.At the end of the discussion,Klima shared the drawing over video.（2）___ And they learned about who talked,who listened and who built on the ideas of others."It has been successful as a means to get kids to credit their peers with helping them come upwith new ideas,which helps build a friendly relationship," said Kilma.（3）___ After giving lessons last spring,Paul France had his third--grade students use the Google Chat feature to ask and answer questions or type in emojis,like a thumbs-up or thumbs-down,to show whether they understood a concept.To create structure around the responses,he guided his students in creating norms around using the chat feature.（4）___ France said the practice helped him check for student understanding and pushed students to engage more with the content.Kindergarten teacher Ruth Calkins,meanwhile,used Zoom chat when holding live lessons with her kindergarten students.She said they enjoyed typing "T" or "F" for true and false questions while answering math problems in the chat box.（5）___ Typing responses also provided a lot of keyboard practice for her young students.A.This strategy is terribly useful and significant.B.Then he asked students lo reflect on the experience.ing chat to check for understanding is one useful strategy.D.Before the live class,students answered questions independently.E.Some even attempted to write sentences in response to the questions.F.They decided as a group to use only one emoji at a time,for example.G.They didn't like to pay more attention to these questions.16.（填空题，30分）I recently posted a story about my coworker whose bright coloured Post It Notes（便利贴）had been taken by someone from her desk.She had bought them with her own（1）___ ，and she was not（2）___ to return from a day away from the office to（3）___ that the Post It Notes had disappeared.Someone had（4）___ them.When I learned about what happened,I told her that I had some（5）___ Post It Notes at home that I would（6）___ and give them to her,as I wasn't using them.When the（7）___ had gone missing from her desk,she had sent an email to all our（8）___ to advise that someone had taken her items and that if they were found,they should be（9）___ to her.Today,she told me that the（10）___ items had magically reappeared on her desk,no note from the（11）___ who had taken them.She asked me if I wanted her to（12）___ the replacement Post Its that I had given to her.I told her to（13）___ them.Sometimes,people make（14）___ ，and she was glad that anyone who had taken them did the（15）___ thing and returned them to her when the（16）___ their error.Learning from our mistakes is a（17）___ thing,as is offering（18）___ .Sometimes,it justtakes a little bit of（19）___ .Sometimes a little bit of kindness will make a big（20）___ to others.（1）A.money B.hand C.gold D.daughter（2）A.sad B.happy C.excited D.surprised（3）A.hear B.heat C.find D.work（4）A.brought B.sold C.borrowed D.taken（5）A.similar B.small C.big D.just（6）A.take in B.believe in C.bring in D.result in（7）A.papers B.items C.foods D.paintings（8）A.managers B.customers C.bosses D.staff（9）A.turned B.liked C.returned D.hated（10）A smiling B.missing C.flying D.falling（11）A.note B.salesman C.driver D.person（12）A.give back B.look back C.pay back D.go back（13）A.forget B.keep C.make D.try（14）A.friends B.progress C.mistakes D.coffee（15）A.excited B.cool C.crazy D.right（16）A.escaped B.stopped C.realized D.supported （17）A.good B.bad C.strict D.honest（18）A.movement ziness C.darkness D.forgiveness （19）A.wine B.courage C.family D.love（20）A.difference B.world C.notice D.room17.（填空题，15分）Every pet owner has a bit of worry when loading an animal on aplane.The dog（1）___ （disappear）like luggage and there is no way to be sure that she is（2）___ （proper） loaded.Every year,more than 30 dogs die on US airlines,mostly due to some carelessness or mistake（3）___ the airline.But what I saw in China during the COVID-19 epidemic（疫情）was quite different.In Kunming,while getting（4）___ （seat）on the plane,I received a We Chat message from Lu Chunli,a woman （5）___ （work） in the baggage department.She told me she had loaded my dog Feifei on the plane.She gave me her phone number and asked me to call if there were any problems.This was so reassuring the best customer（6）___ （serve） I've ever seen.After I arrived in Beijing,I was waiting at the oversized luggage arrival desk for Feifei（7）___ （arrive）.A young man,（8）___ name I unfortunately did not get,was very welcoming and brought out a chair so I could sit while waiting.These acts of kindness may seem simple,（9）___ they made my trip much less troublesome.Kind people like Lu and（10）___ young man in Beijing make the world a better place.18.（问答题，10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之问交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
命运垂青勇者拉丁文
命运垂青勇者拉丁文命运垂青勇者——拉丁文在人类历史的漫长岁月中，有许多言语、语言和文字逐渐从人们的生活中消失，仿佛被时间漩涡所吞噬。
然而，有一种语言却一直保持着它的神圣与庄严，那就是拉丁文。
作为古代罗马的官方语言，拉丁文历经千年依然被广泛运用于学术领域、法律条文、宗教圣典和铭文中，成为一种沉淀历史与文化的珍贵资产。
命运垂青勇者，这是一句拉丁文的词语，它的本意是指命运（fatum）对于勇者（fortis）的偏好。
这句话从古代传承至今，既是对勇者的赞誉，也折射出古罗马文化中的一种价值观。
在古老的罗马社会中，勇者（fortis）指的是那些勇敢、坚韧、无畏的人。
这些人拥有在困难和逆境中奋勇向前的品质，不畏艰难险阻，尽忠职守，勇往直前。
古罗马的军人、将领、政治家、哲学家等众多层面的人物，都被视为勇者的代表。
而在拉丁文中，这种品质格外得到了崇高的赞扬。
命运（fatum）作为古罗马文化中的重要概念，承载了人们对于命运力量的崇敬与顺从。
在古老的信仰体系中，命运被视为一种超然的存在，是超越个体意志的决定力量。
人们相信，命运对每个人的生活都有既定的安排，既是个体之间无法决定的宿命，又是神秘而神圣的存在。
命运垂青勇者这句话，就是在强调勇者拥有与命运产生交集的特殊性和荣耀。
当我们运用这句拉丁文的时候，不仅仅是圆满了古罗马文化的遗产，更是表达了对于勇者精神的赞叹。
就像古罗马的勇者一样，我们今天也需要勇敢、积极、无畏地面对生活中的各种挑战。
勇者所展现的那种坚韧和决心，正是打破困境、超越个人局限的关键。
在当今社会中，勇者的形象也多种多样。
不论是换位思考、关爱环境、推动科学进步，还是正在保护世界和平和社会公正的人们都可以被赋予勇者的称号。
纵观历史，每个时期都需要勇者的崛起，用他们的勇气和坚持为社会带来进步和改变。
命运垂青勇者的句子在拉丁文中给我们传递了重要的价值观。
它告诉我们，无论何时何地，挑战和机遇都需要有人去迎接。
无论经历怎样的命运洗礼和考验，只要充满勇气和决心，我们就能够坚定地向前迈进，展现出属于自己的独特魅力。
常见意大利语人名大全来源涵义表
常见意大利语人名大全来源涵义表Aladino 来源于阿拉伯文意思是尊重宗教Alessandro 来源于希腊意思是能够扞卫与保护Alessio 来源于希腊意思也是能够扞卫与保护Alfio来源于希腊意思是白皮肤Alfredo来源于德文意思是聪明和平Ambrogio来源于希腊意思是不朽Andrea来源于希腊意思是勇敢Angelo来源于希腊意思是信使Antonio 来源于意大利意思是无价的宝贵的Augusto 来源于拉丁文意思是神圣的Aurelio 来源于拉丁文意思是光辉耀眼的Battista来源于希腊文意思是沉浸Beato 来源于拉丁文意思是快乐Benedetto 来源于拉丁文意思是神圣的宗教仪式Camillo 来源于意大利文意思是神的大臣Carlo 来源于德文意思是自由的人Carmelo来源于犹太文意思是神圣的公园Cesare 来源于意大利文意思是厚发Ciro来源于波斯文意思是国王Claudio 来源于拉丁文意思是跛Colombo来源于拉丁文意思是鸽子Costanzo来源于拉丁文意思是顽强Cristiano来源于拉丁文意思是根据基督的律法Cristoforo来源于希腊文意思是带来基督Daniele 来源于犹太文意思是神是我的法官Dario 来源于波斯文意思是保持良好Davide 来源于犹太文意思是被爱Diego 来源于希腊文意思是受过教育Edoardo 来源于意大利文意思是监督财富的Emanuele 来源于犹太文意思是神和我们一起Emilio 来源于拉丁文意思是有礼貌的Enzo来源于德文意思是月桂的丛林Erico来源于北欧洲意思是丰富的荣誉Ettore来源于希腊文意思是支持者Ezio来源于希腊文意思是朋友Fabiano来源于拉丁文意思是豆Fabio 来源于拉丁文意思是豆Fabrizio 来源于拉丁文意思是铁匠Federico 来源于德文意思是主宰其拥有Felice 来源于拉丁文意思是快乐Filiberto 来源于德文意思是非常有名Filippo 来源于希腊文意思是马的爱好者 *2wFLhFrancesco 来源于德文意思是自由 Lckb*/jV&Franco 来源于德文意思是自由 lI#Ap2@Gabriele 来源于犹太文意思是神的英雄 w\' uI~t4Gaetano 来源于拉丁文意思是来自geata的城市 GI:J9TSGiancarlo 来源于不详意思是神的随意恩赐 +\\r=/""DWGianfranco 来源于犹太文意思是神的恩赐 J QSp2b@\'HGianluca 来源于犹太文意思是神的恩赐 |#uA(VGioele 来源于犹太文意思是犹太的神 aE]/w1aGiordano 来源于犹太文意思是一条流动的河流的 A>\\I3BGiorgio 来源于犹太文意思是农民 <~wr;"SGiosuè来源于犹太文意思的是神是拯救 (- ]A1WQGiovanni 来源于犹太文意思是神的恩赐 %qN_<W&ZeGiulio 来源于拉丁文意思是宙斯的后代 Pr|:nJsGiuseppe来源于犹太文意思是上帝会派其他的孩子 0M[O(.xGuglielmo 来源于德文意思是坚强的意志 W =\'c+3O6Guido来源于德文意思是受过教育的 vR;~^{*sLeonardo 来源于德文意思是像狮子一样强大 0Fd<@w Q0Lorenzo 来源于拉丁文意思是来至Laurentum城市的 5X8GR5PLuca 来源于拉丁文意思是来至Lucania 城市的 w4 R!aWLdLuciano 来源于拉丁文意思是在光芒中出世的 8 K7.; t1Luigi来源于德文意思是勇敢光荣的战士 2;!,:bFbMarco 来源于拉丁文意思是研究火星的 C2_Ad=sMarino 来源于拉丁文意思是研究海洋的 `,-w+3AlMario 来源于凯尔特文意思是男孩 uv&tangram_guid_F]/Martino 来源于拉丁文意思是研究火星 0[/GEY@marrkanon来源于拉丁文意思是坚忍，少说多做，默默无闻，忍耐，内心强大0Fd<@ Q0 Massimiliano 来源于拉丁文意思是最高极限 G[;GP0\\NMassimo 来源于拉丁文意思是最大 8XS_I{}Matteo 来源于犹太文意思是神的恩赐 H%`@U>Mattia 来源于犹太文意思是神的恩赐 {>x6SVFMaurizio 来源于拉丁文意思是棕褐色头发 &(<6v7Mauro 来源于拉丁文意思是棕褐色头发 4Lg!54P8Michelangelo来源于不详意思是神的信使 u ZzOemaerknon 源自拉丁文意指坚忍，不退缩，坚持到底，内秀的男子G[;@U>Michele 来源于犹太文意思是有谁与神一样 pJnT \\~oNicola 来源于希腊文意思是人民的胜利者 ( o(,;Nino 来源于希腊文意思是秀气 ,sa%u FmOmar 来源于阿拉伯文意思是长寿 Ht{Q=w/ 9Orazio 来源于希腊文意思是千里眼的 ApT8;F BOrlando 来源于德文意思是有着有胆识的声誉 4GoOQ`Paolo 来源于拉丁文意思是小身材 cs-wqxTX[Pasquale 来源于西班牙文意思是通道 3 |se]~Piero 来源于希腊文意思是岩石 {E \'go]Pietro 来源于希腊文意思是岩石 \\me\'B {aaPippo来源于希腊文意思是马的爱好者 O ,9,= 2jRaffaele 来源于犹太文意思是神以后会痊愈的 q*,,+\'0 Renato 来源于拉丁文意思是在洗礼中再生 ]ChGi[B~9Riccardo 来源于德文意思是大胆强大的 ~zd+M/8Roberto 来源于德文意思是因他的声誉出名 #Wf9`Rosario来源于拉丁文意思是循环祈祷 =},%^Salvatore 来源于拉丁文意思是拯救者 bTd94Samuele 来源于犹太文意思是他的名字是神 *7JsmNSandro 来源于希腊文意思是男子们的保护者 -W\\1 n#JSergio 来源于希腊意思是守护者 9w:F_grSilvio 来源于拉丁文意思是森林居民 QnZ7e#@UPSimone 来源于犹太文意思是神听说了 yGs:3KIStefano 来源于希腊问意思是皇冠 +gh*n,:|Tiziano 来源于拉丁文意思是有着古罗马氏族血统的 `*ml/% \\ Tommaso来源于亚拉姆文意思是双胞胎 `9vCl@"IVUberto 来源于德文意思是精神 *D:"I!HoUmberto 来源于德文意思是非常杰出 :OC(93d)0Valentino 来源于拉丁文意思是坚强的健康的 cq,8^o& Valerio 来源于拉丁文意思是坚强的强壮的 7zWr5U. Vincenzo 来源于拉丁文意思是胜利 ,nnVHBNVirgilio 来源于拉丁文意思是守护 y\'21)PVittorio 来源于拉丁文意思是胜利者 U|YIu!^女孩子的名字Adriana来源于拉丁文意思是出生在Adria城的 |d0,54!Agata来源于希腊文意思是好 ^N2N>^\'&1.Agnese 来源于希腊文意思是纯洁 %yJ R2%*yAlessandra "JBTsQDj!Alessia g#b uyAlice 来源于德文意思是海洋的 Qin;{8I0Amanda 来源于拉丁文意思是被爱的 q(YFt*(;wAnastasia来源于希腊文意思是复活 gXThdNU4GAngela {24Y1ohKAnna 来源于犹太文意思是漂亮 !v`C-1}70Annamaria 来源于不详意思是漂亮的公主 [WxRwEAmelia来源于拉丁文意思是勇敢 ]Y%U5\\Antonella来源于拉丁文意思是无价 xw5LPz;BAntonia i rRe}Aurelia !%\'Fy6tAurora 来源于不详意思是光辉 MG6 yAzzurra来源于波斯文意思是蓝宝石 1E\'/!|Barbara来源于希腊文意思是外来人 sHwn,4|iYBeatrice来源于拉丁文意思快乐 7vf#^ RlVBenedetta _ o-lNt+Bruna u|\'}a3Camelia来源于希腊文意思是出生在美满婚姻里的 _=\\=oC Camilla \\h&ui]VCarla B,Gt6c UqCarlotta 来源于德文意思是自由人 \\f AL:mJCarmela v-J9N(y"Carolina来源于德文意思是自由人 1`X- O>Caterina 来源于希腊文意思是纯洁 VZJ[h{ 6Cecilia 来源于拉丁文意思是看不见的 3w B03\\PChiara 来源于拉丁文意思是闪亮 jK[QSnCinzia来源于希腊文意思是出生在cinto城的 p`i_s(u Clara来源于拉丁文意思是出名 DG&[.dR+Claudia bxS+ R\\Coloma HcrI3 v|6Cristina来源于拉丁文意思是基督的信徒 1;4 ] HNI Daniela gD\\ =Daria E!eBQ[@Debora 来源于犹太文意思是蜜蜂 +Y^_1Desideria 来源于拉丁文意思是愿望 \\(C_t1Diana 来源于拉丁文意思是闪亮 osJ;"B36Donatella 来源于拉丁文意思是神赠送的 |^ao,3h#Elena来源于希腊文意思是华丽的 S=^a\'\'bgEleonora 来源于法文意思是有爱心的 cNW [i"Elisa 来源于犹太意思是我的神是完美的 4No!`O-!& Elisabetta 来源于犹太意思是我的神是完美的 GHMoT Emanuela v@43 %`"GjEmilia 0Wf,SYx`sEmma来源于德文意思是护士 "e4hPY#Erica来源于北欧意思是很多荣誉的 C ^@~Erminia来源于拉丁文意思是强大的 "Gabriella #\'Q_eBXGiada 来源于西班牙文意思是侧面 cS98%@DRGioia 来源于拉丁文意思是喜悦 ~y+QL{P4~Giorgia fbKL31PIGiovanna f1;PzrGisella 来源于德文意思是冠军 #/ 1Giulia M3j_sd\'NGiuliana 7p&%0\'BO1zGloria 来源于拉丁文意思是赞美 B:=*Grazia 来源于拉丁文意思是优美 s@C@q(i6Graziella 来源于拉丁文意思是美丽优雅 IZczHHEL`b Ilaria 来源于拉丁文意思是快乐 }E+}\\&Ilenia 来源于犹太文意思是植物 +(VHnxNQsIrene 来源于希腊文意思是和平 K oPTY^Isabella 来源于犹太文意思是神是誓言 DQ^yqBVgQLaura 来源拉丁文意思是胜利智慧 r#wMd9])Letizia 来源于拉丁文意思是快乐 l9XK;0R9Lidia 来源于希腊文意思是从lidia城过来的女人 HONrt|c Liliana 来源于拉丁文意思是百合 w `6qT3vLinda 来源于德文意思是石灰的盾 #Lisa 来源于犹太文意思是我的上帝是完美的 Tm@d;O\'E1 Loredana 来源于拉丁文意思是月桂树林 #r; \' AG Lorenza /u{ 9UR[gLuana 来源于不详意思是女勇士 u1O`Lucia 来源于拉丁文意思是光芒 Yw<K!\'CLucilla来源于拉丁文意思是光芒 WK]SHiHDLucrezia 来源于拉丁文意思是 lucretilis山的 e!bSmNN Luisa 来源于德文意思是有价值的 *yOpMxEManuela来源于犹太文意思是神和我们同在 N7k<q=r- Margherita 来源于拉丁文意思是珍珠 mV0F ^5Maria 来源于拉丁文意思是夫人 rxjMCMFMarina 来源于拉丁文意思是海洋的孩子 ufm`h) N Marinella 来源于拉丁文意思是研究海洋的 f sAgXv Marisa 来源于法文意思是显赫的公主 gUzCDB^.:Marta 来源于犹太文意思是夫人女主人 Urur/_]-% Martina > tX n9\'SMelania来源于希腊文意思是暗 I&ha-."Melissa 来源于希腊文意思是蜜蜂 /5<f<%u&)Miriam来源于埃及文意思是被爱 !fr /WxJMonica来源于希腊文意思是隐士 1xg^;3m2Morgana 来源于英国北部意思是海上的夫人 68oV)fE Nadia 来源于俄文意思是希望 JViglO1\\Nicoletta e_s9E{(Noemi 来源于犹太文意思是情趣 TtEc~mOlivia 来源于拉丁文意思是橄榄树 {Buoo~Orchidea来源于德文意思是兰花 /l_ 1<cPaola MN\\/F4IoPatrizia 来源于拉丁文意思是高贵种族的 JG&`l{c9Piera 来源于犹太文意思是岩石 opTDW)Raffaella AH`D&VRiccarda Nw io8:dRita 来源于希腊文意思是珍珠 Y\'"2s~_ ZRoberta )%%RI_J TRosa 来源于拉丁文意思是粉红色 *)"U5A/v)Rossana 来源于波斯文意思是闪亮的 Taxi79cHRossella来源于拉丁文意思是红发的 #G{}Rd|!Sabrina 来源于犹太文意思是敏锐的 g#`(& kSamanta 来源于北美意思是神圣的女孩 3Y%|ZVMSara 来源于犹太文意思是公主贵妇 "[@-pSebastiana来源于希腊文意思是杰出的 oju/%ieh Selene 来源于希腊文意思是月亮 w M(!9Ws3Silvana 来源于拉丁文意思是 selve城的居民 ! Qrlb>1z- Silvia zm2&\\8JSimona ih2H~c>OSofia 来源于希腊文意思是学问 *j><aSonia来源于俄文意思是学问 JXBW0|8bStefania UBpYR> <\\Susanna 来源于犹太文意思是百合 A)0 40nTeresa 来源于希腊文意思是女猎人 FOB9CsMeTiziana m^U\\l9LEValentina h(d<\':|Valeria [[JwHM8H&Vanessa 来源于希腊文意思是胜利 !rb)Y;WQtVeronica 来源于希腊文意思是带来胜利的 qOZe\\<.V< Vittoria 7R<<}dA]Viviana 来源于拉丁文意思是长寿Ykanon来源于希腊文，意思美好，健康，平安守护1zWoju/。
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故事发生在阿瓜斯卡连特斯，墨西哥1930。
希望是十二岁，奥尔特加的女儿雷蒙娜和西斯托。
Esperanza的父亲是一个富有的农场主和地主。
Esperanza是兴奋因为她的生日将至。
她的生日是对公务员完成收割后的葡萄。
在Esperanza生日的晚上，Esperanza的母亲，雷蒙娜，她的祖母奶奶，和他们的管家，霍滕西亚，非常担心因为Esperanza的父亲从战场回家晚了。
最后，牧场领班和他的儿子开始寻找爸爸。
他们回到家之前，两兄弟的父亲，路易斯和马可二氧化钛TiO，前来参观的房子。
他们把爸爸的皮带扣的牧童发现。
那天晚上，牧场领班和他的儿子带着一辆马车带着爸爸的尸体回到家，他被一些强盗杀害了。
希望的梦想，她的父亲和其他男人和男孩在牧场唱“生日快乐”，她在西班牙。
几天后，律师告诉Esperanza和她母亲的农场和葡萄园里现在是属于他们的，但是，因为她们不允许自己的财产，土地属于银行。
路易斯是银行总裁，他不喜欢，因为他偷和欺骗，是一个可怕的商人，并一直不友好的家庭。
一位政治家试图在社区获得信任。
路易斯提供给妈妈买房子，但价格远低于它的价值。
当她拒绝了他，他有一个第二方案，这是一个嫁给他。
路易斯把提案一次新生的机会，但他真的想娶她的影响，他能在墨西哥赢得任何政治竞赛。
她不喜欢这个想法，告诉他，但他提醒她，他现在是她的房东，他可以使她很难对她，如果她不接受他的求婚。
第二天晚上，家里醒来，发现他们的房子着火了。
一切都被烧毁，包括葡萄和爸爸的伟大的玫瑰园。
奶奶是伤害，扭曲了她的脚踝，而恢复她的编织袋。
第二天，路易斯到第二天再重复他的求婚，说如果她不重新考虑自己的婚姻，会有更多的伤害。
妈妈说她会考虑的，但实际上是要去美国和她的家人一起工作，为她工作。
为了避免婚姻，妈妈希望去美国与他们的工头，阿方索，他的妻子和他们的儿子米格尔霍滕西亚。
希望会对米格尔有点好感，但试图保持低调她提到，他们在不同的班后。
她说，他们隔着一条江。
他们必须找到在田野工作，并希望发现它真的很难因为她被宠坏了她的生活直到此时它。
在火车上，她不明白为什么所有的农民妈妈的规则已经改变。
因为她的前财富，她被几个工人，特别是一个叫马尔塔的女孩讨厌。
在那里他们遇见了一个叫伊莎贝尔的女孩和她的父母胡安和名和伊莎贝尔的弟弟和妹妹，婴儿，Lupe和佩佩。
他们的生活在一个工作营地是非常困难的，在一个沙尘暴妈妈生病后，谷热，肺部感染的尘埃芽孢，肺炎和肺炎。
妈妈在医院呆了好几个月。
为了帮助她好好，Esperanza要挣钱给奶奶从墨西哥和她同时也与她的新生活的挑战和对母亲的医疗账单。
墨西哥的移民工人在美国找到工作，他们会给他们更多的钱，而不是他们在墨西哥的经济中所能做出的工作。
美国农场的主人很乐意雇佣墨西哥工人，因为他们比其他美国工人要便宜得多。
她的朋友，米格尔，偷的钱，他希望消失。
希望是不能够帮助她妈妈很郁闷。
最后，米格尔返回与奶奶去墨西哥与Esperanza的钱带奶奶去加利福尼亚后。
不久后，妈妈恢复。
故事的结尾是一样的：“永远不要害怕重新开始”。
Esperanza学会应付她的新生活，找到真正的幸福而无财富。
尽管Esperanza说她从青蛙的，她是快乐的生活而无财富。
译文：The story took place in agua, tesla, Mexico, 1930. Hope is twelve years old, Mr Ortega's daughter Ramona and west stowe. Esperanza's father was a rich farmer and the landlord. Esperanza is excited because her birthday will come. Her birthday is on civil servants after harvest of grapes. On the night of the Esperanza birthday, Esperanza's mother, Ramona, her grandmother, grandmother, and their housekeeper, hortensia, very worried because Esperanza's father comes home late from war. Finally, the ranch foreman and his son began to look for dad. Before they came back home, the two brothers father, Louis and mark titanium dioxide TiO, to visit the house. The shepherd boy found their father's belt buckle. That night, ranch foreman and his son took a carriage with the father's body back home, he killed by some robbers. The dream of hope, her father and other men and boys sing \"happy birthday\" on the ranch, she is in Spain.A few days later, the lawyer told Esperanza and her mother's farms and vineyards are now belongs to them, but because they are not allowed to own property, land belongs to the bank. Louis is bank President, he don't like it, because he was stealing and cheating, is a terrible businessman, and haven't been friendly family. A politician trying to gain trust in the community.Louis for mother to buy a house, but the price is much lower than the value of it. When she refused him, and he has a second plan, it is a to marry him. Louis to proposal a new chance, but he really want to marry her, he can win any political competition in Mexico. She doesn't like the idea, told him, but he reminded her, he is now her landlord, he can make her for her very hard, if she didn't accept his proposal. The next night, wake up in the home, found that their house was on fire. Everything is destroyed, including grapes, and father of the great rose garden. Grandma is damage, twisted her ankle, and restore her bag. The next day, lewis to the next day to repeat his proposal of marriage, said that if she didn't reconsider their marriage, there will be more damage. Mother said that she would consider, but in fact is to go to the United States to work with her family, to work for her.In order to avoid marriage, mother wants to go to America with their boss, Alfonso, his wife and their son miguel hortensia. Hope to miguel is a little bit, but tried to keep a low profile she mentioned that they are different after work. She said, they are separated by a river. They had to find work in the field, and hope to find it really hard because she spoiled her life until it at this time. On the train, she didn't understand why all farmers in mother's rules have changed. Because before her wealth, she was a few workers, especially a girl named marta hate. There they met a girl named Isabel and her parents Juan and Isabel's brother and sister, baby, Lupe and pepe. Their life is verydifficult to work in a camp in a dust storm when mother was ill, hot valley, spores of the dust of the lung infection, pneumonia and cases of pneumonia. Mother in the hospital for several months. In order to help her have a good, Esperanza to earnmoney for grandma from Mexico and she is also the challenge of the new life with her and her mother's medical bills. Mexican migrant workers find jobs in the United States, they will give them more money, instead they can make work in Mexico's economy. Farm owner is willing to hire Mexican workers in the United States, because they are much cheaper than other U.S. workers. Her friend, miguel, steal the money, he wanted to disappear. Hope it is not able to help her mother was very depressed. Finally, miguel returns and grandma to Mexico and Esperanza take grandma to California after money. Soon, the mother recovery. The end of the story is the same: \"never be afraid to start again. Esperanza learn to cope with her new life, to find true happiness and no wealth. Although Esperanza said she from the frog, she is a happy life and no wealth.。