ad preps 英语介词应用

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英语常用动词同介词的搭配

amount to an swer forappeal to sb . for sth applyto sb . for sth appoint sb . toapproach sb 道approve of意argue with/aga inst sb arguesb . into / out of doing sth .说服某arise from由 ... 而产生、而引起arrange with sb . for / about sth.与某人商定某事ask for 请求 ........ ;向 ...... 要 .... ;通过询问找 .......assess on / upon向征税、罚款assign …to扌巴 .. 分配给 .....assist sb . with sth . / in doing sth .帮助某人做某事abo und with / in富于、充满••…absolve sb . from赦免某人的…… absta in from避开（免）••… accommodatesb .with向某人提供……accommodateon eself to使自己适应于……acco unt for说出（明）……原因accuse sb . of指责、控告某人……acqua int …with/of把……通知某人act for代理……act on 对••…••起作用；按照行动 add up to合计达到 .....adjust on eself to使自己适应于……admit of容许有……advertise for登广告寻求、寻找……advise sb . of sth .把某事通知某人advise with sb. on sth .冋某人商里某事agree with sb . / to sth.同意某人、某事aim at瞄准、针对……allow for考虑到 .... ，体谅 ....allow of容许，容得……相当于、等于…负责、保证•…为某事向某人提出呼吁请求某人•…任命、委任某人为•…对……满about /on sth .与某人辩论某事on /about sth.为某事同某人打交人做或不做某事assure sb . of 使某人确信某事atte nd to 专心于……，注意……attribute …to 把……归因（咎）于……avail on eself of 利用……awake to 认识到……award …to 把……授予（判给）……bang sth . into sb 硬把某事灌输给某人barga in on doing sth . 商疋做某事beg …of sb .请求某人……beg for 乞求……believe in 信任……bel ong to 属于……belong in / with /•••…应归于某类别、派别等bid …to sb .向某人表示..... blame sth .on sb .把……归咎于某人blaze with sth .燃烧；闪耀着；激发……blow off 吹掉；将热水、蒸气等放掉boil over 发怒、激动borrow sth . from / of sb . 向某人借……bother …about sb .为……烦扰bother about doing sth ./ to do sth .为做某事操心、烦恼break in 闯入，打断break in on 打扰、打断break off 折断；突然停止讲话；断绝break out 战争、火灾等突然发生break up 打碎，破碎；分裂；学校期末分散bring about 造成、带来..... bring sb . back to 使某人恢复到……bring in 生产，产出；引进风尚等bring off 使成功；完成……bring out 使呈现出……；说出……bring through 救活，使……渡过难关bring to 使•……恢复知觉build on 依赖、依靠..... ；把.... 建立于..... build up 树立、逐步建立……burst into 闯入……；突然发作burst on / upon 突然来到calculate on/upon 指望着……,期待着•call for 需求、需要；为争取•……而叫喊call off 叫走 ... ，把…•…叫开去call on 约请、指派……；号召、呼吁……call up 召唤、传讯……；使人想起•…care for / about 关心、担心、介意、计较..... carry away 运走、拿走……carry on 把••…•进行下去；坚持下去carry out 突现、开展…•…；执行、贯彻……cast about for 寻觅•••…，想方设法cast away 丢掉、抛弃……cast dow n 使…•…沮丧；使下降cast off 抛弃……•;使……自由catch at 死命抓住…;渴望取得……catch up with 赶上、追上..... caution sb . against doing sth警告某人不要做某事cease from doing sth .停止做某事centre (…) on /upon （把……）集中于……challenge sb . to …向某人提出……挑战change for… 用......... 去换……;换车、船到……change …into …把……变成……charge sb . with sth .与某人交换、调换……charge sth . upon sb .把……归咎于某人cheat sb . of sth .骗取某人的..... cheat sb . into …哄骗某人……check up 核对……，检验……；检查……check up with 与 ... 相付合chew over / upon 深思，细想choose …from / among / out of 从……中挑选……claim sth . from / of sb .要求某人……clash into …猛撞在..... clea n out (把••……）打扫干净、清除出去clea n up (把•……）收拾整洁，打扫干净clea n up on 击败……,胜过……clear off 清除……；摆脱烦恼等；走开clear up 整理、清除••……；解除误会等climb dow n 从•…••爬下；退让，服输、屈服close dow n 工厂等关闭；（电台）停止播音close in 包围•••…，迫近……close with 靠近……，逼近……；接受……cohere with 连贯、符合……comb ine …with 把……与……结合come about 发生come at 袭击.... ;达到、得到....... come dow n in 下来；降下；败落，没落come dow n on …(for …）（为）向某人索要••…come dow n to 流传到••…come dow n with （捐）出多少钱come in for 接受遗产等；受到处分等come out of 由……出来、产生come out with 发表、公布……;说出、提出……come through 经历困难等；经历……而活着come to (on eself )（昏迷后）醒过来；醒悟过来come up against 碰到困难、反对等come up to 达到、符合...come up with 赶上.... ；提出..... comme nd sth .to sb .把……交托给某人commend sb .upon 表扬某人的……commit sb . to + v —ing把某人提交给……;责成某人做 ..... commit sb . for 把某人押交……com muni cate sth .to sb .把••…••传达给某人com muni cate withsb .by…用••…••和某人联系compare …with …把••…•和……比较compare with …i n 在……和…•…相比较compensate sb .for…因为••…•向某人赔偿compla in of/about 抱怨……；诉……苦；抗议••…complain to sb . of sth .向某人控诉……complime nt sb .on 夸奖某人的……compromise with sb .on sth .在••…••和某人妥协conceal sth . from sb . 对某人隐瞒concede to sb 对某人让步concentrate (…)on sth .（注意力）集中在 .... con cur with sb .(…)冋意某人（的……）condemn sb . to 判某人……刑罚con duct to 道路通向……confer sth . on / upon sb .授予某人称号、学位等confer with sb . on/about sth . 与某人协商……con fess to + sth . / v-ing 承认（做了）..... con fide sth . to sb .向某人吐露..... con fide in 信任……confine …to 把……限制在……con firm sb . in his + n .（在信念等方面）使……更坚定con flict with 与....斗争、战斗conform （…）to /with与……致、符合；使……遵照…confound …with …使……与…••…混淆connect with 与……相连、连接、衔接consent to 赞成、答应con sig n …to…把……委托给、交付给……con sist of 由……构成con sist i n 存在于……con sult with 同……商量、协商contrast (…)with （使……）与……对照con tribute to / towards对……•起一份作用、出一份力convert sth . into sth .把……转变、换成……convey sth . to sb .向某人传达感情等con vict sb . of 宣判某人有……罪cooperate with sb .与某人合作、协作cope with 对付、妥善处理correlate to / with 使……相互关联corresp ond to / with 与……一致、符合；相当于count from …to …从……数到……count on / upon 依靠、依赖 .....指望……cover sb . / sth . with 把……对准某人；用..... 覆盖 ....crash to / into 猛撞在.... ；猛然倒下、坠落cross over to 投到……来，投诚免 ...crowd •- with pers on s/pers ons to…某处挤满deliver sb . from 从……解救某了人人cry for 因…••而叫喊、流泪deliver sth .to sb .把……交付给某人cry over sth 为…••而流泪、悲伤dema nd sth . of / from sb . 要求某cure sb .of his + n .治愈某人某种疾病人……cut in 插嘴；把……插进……depend on / upon …(for •- )cut off 切掉、删去……；切断;关掉马达等(为••…•）而依靠、依赖..... cut sb .to 刺穿某人至..... ；伤害某人感情……deposit sth .with sb 把……寄放在某人处deal with 处理、安排…;对付、应付 ..... deprive sb . of sth .夺去、剥夺某人debate about sth .争论某的……事derive (■••) from …deceive sb . in to + v —ing 骗某人去(从……）取得..... ；由 .... 而来做……desig n sth .for 为.... 指疋、预疋...... decide aga inst + v —ing 下决心不desig n sb .for 打算让某人从事……做……despair of 丧失……信心decide on 决定、选detect sb .in (+ v —ing )察觉某人在（做）••…疋.... devote sth .to (+ v —ing )declare (…)for ( on )/ agains 表态支持或反把……专用于（去做）……对……dictate (+ sth .) to sb 向某人口述（……）decorate …with sth 用……装饰、装潢die of / from 死于疾病dedicate sth .To 把力量、时间等用在……等defe nd sb . from 保护某人以die for 为... 而死die away / out / down 变弱；平息；消失等differ from sth .和•……有区别、差别;和……不冋differ from sb . on / about sth .在……与某人意见不冋dig at sth .苦学•••…；苦干……dig for sth .搜集……dig out sth .掘出、挖掉……dilute sth . with sth . 用……把…•…冲淡、稀释direct sb . to 指引、指导某人到……disarm sb . of sth .解除、缴下某人的……discharge sb . from免除某人的……；允许某人离开……discourage sb . from + v —ing 劝阻某人除……dispute with /against sb . on /about sth同某人争论、辩论..... disse nt from 不同意…••…；和某人（意见）不一致dist in guish sth .from sth .识别……和……distribute sth .to sb .把…••…分给某人distribute sth .over sth . 把•…••冃攵布于.. divide …into …把…•…分成.... divide …from …把••…•从……隔离开divide sth . with sb .和某人共同承担do away with 废除、去掉……；弄夕匕、干掉做……discredit sb .with 使某人在••…•丧失信誉discuss sth .with sb . 与某人讨论……disguise on eself by + v-ing 通过做•••…掩饰自己dismiss sb .from 开除、解除某人的……dismiss sth .from 从……消do for sth照管（应）……；设法弄到……；代替....do sb . down 胜过某人do with sb .与某人相处doubt about / of sth .对……怀疑drag sb .into 把某人拖进……drain sth . away / off 排去 .............. 的水或其他液体draw away 拉开、离开draw off 脱去手套等；排去多余的水；撤退draw to 向... 移动；逼近draw with 追上……dream of / about sth . 梦到（见）dream of + v —ing 渴望、向往做……dream away /out / through 因空想而虚度时间等drink sth . off /up / down 把……一饮而尽drive away at sth.努力做..... drive …into …把……迫使、驱使到……drop away / off （一个一个地）离去；逐渐减少drop in on sb .顺便走访某人dwell at / in 留居、寓于……dwell on / upon 细想、详细讲述……ease sb . of his + n .消除某人……ease off / up 减轻、放松eat away sth .继续吃下去；把……蚕食掉eat up 把……吃完；耗尽...... ；吞火 ..... elect sb . to 推选某人到某岗位eliminate sth . from 从……把……排除掉、排出emerge from 从……出现、形成empty sth . of sth .把……从……排空、倒空end in 以为纟口果end off 结束.... end up by / with 最后以……结束en dure to 坚持到、忍耐到……enforce sth . on/upon / from sb . 强迫某人en large on / upon 详述……en sure sb . from/against sth .保护某人免受……en sure to / for sb . sth .保证给某人、赋予某人……enter sb . at / for把某人送进……；使某人参加……entertain sb . to /with款待某人..... ；以•…••招待某人entreat sth . of sb .恳求某人.... equip for …为……装备……equip sth . with 用……装备……escape from 从........ 逃跑、逃脱;从……漏出、流出estimate for 对.... 估价、估计evolve sth .from sth .由…••…推论出、引申出……evolve from 由・……演化、进化而来examinesb .in 考查某人的……exam ine into 调查、细查……exceed in 在……领先exchange sth . for sth . . 把……换成……exchange sth . with sb . 与某人交换……exclude sb . from 拒绝某人加入、进入……excuse on eself for his +n . 为自己的……辩解excuse sb . for + v —ing . 原谅某人做……excuse sb . from 给某人免去……exert sth . on sb .对某人施加……exist on 靠 ... 生存、生活expect + n . + of sb .对某人寄予期望……expel sb . from 从……驱逐、开除某人experiment on / upon 用……做实验experime nt with 试验……explode with 爆发、突发……explore for 考察、勘探 ....expose sb . to 使某人面临…… extend sth . to sb . extract sth .from从- ••…中取出、抽出、榨出…… face up to勇敢地对付 ..... fail in +/ v — ing 在（做）……失败 fall in with同意 ... fall off 下降；变坏；离开，叛离 fall out争吵；结果如何；离队 fall out of放弃习惯等 fasten sth . on / upon sb . 把罪名等强加于某人favour sb . with sth . 赐与、给与某人……fear for sth . 为某人的……担忧feed on sth . 以为食物、为能源feed sth . to … 用……喂……feed …with … 向……供给……feel for sb . /sth . 同情某人；摸索找某物feel like + v — ing 想要做……fight aga inst / with向……斗争向某人致以……；向某人提供 fight off击退… •…；竭力避免 ....fight with与……战斗、斗争figure on + v — ing打算、计划做……figure on on e's +v — ing指望某人做……figure out at合计为多少钱fill (sth . ) with 用……（把 ……）填满、装满find sth . for sb .为某人找……find out 找出、发现……；查明真相等finish up with以•… ••结束；最后有 ....fit sb . to使某人适应 .....fit in with适合、符合 .... ；适应 .....fix sth . on / upon倾注感情于 ;集中注意力于……flare out / up flow from果fly into fly up tofold about / round拢fold up fold up in to闪亮；突然发怒来自 .... ;是 ..... 结突发、忽发……向上飞到……交叠、合垮掉；放弃；倒闭折叠起来成……follow out 贯彻、执行..... ；把..... 探究到底follow up 把... 探究到底follow up sth . with用继续行动等加强……的效果fool sb into + v —ing 哄骗某人做……fool sb .out of sth .诈骗某人的……force sb .in to + v —ing 强迫某人做……forgive sb .for + v —ing 原谅某人做的事frighten sb . into/out of + v —ing使某人吓得做（不做）……furnish sb . with sth 1 . / sth . to sb .给某人提供……fuss about 瞎忙于……gain on / upon 跑得比•……快；超过……gain sb . over 把某人争取到自己一边gasp after / for 热望、渴望……gaze at / on / upon / into 凝视、注视、盯着……gat along / on 过活，生活get along with 和某人相处get away 逃脱、离开get away with 侥幸做成..... ；侥幸取走…get dow n on 对……•产生恶感；开始不喜欢…get dow n to 开始认真对待、考虑…get off 脱衣服等；下F车等；使动身；使开始get on 穿衣服等；上车等get on for 接近于…get on to 识破某人或某人的…get through with 完成……；花光钱财等get to 到达.... get up 起床；使起立；登上……gift sb . with sth ./ sth .to sb .赠送……给某人give off 发出蒸气、光等give sth .to sb .给某人…give up 放弃.... ；停止..... ；抛弃.....give up sth to sb . 把……让给某人glanee at / over 粗略地看一下•……；对……一瞥glare at / on 对……瞪眼，对……怒目注视glimpse at 瞥见……go about to 着手干……go aga inst 违反、反对…•…；不利用……go back on / upon / from 、丰□匕.□匕违冃.... ；冃叛……go by 走过；依照、按照...... 判断go for 为…•…去（请、找）•••…；被认为.... go in at 痛打••…•；猛烈攻击……go in for 从事于……；酷爱、追求……go off with 拿去…•…，抡去、拐走....go on 继续下去（某种行为）；发生、进行go over 对.... 润色;再读一遍..... go with 和……一起去；与……持同一种意见graduate at / from 从何处、何系毕业grasp at 向……抓去；想抓住……grind sth . into 把……磨成（得）……grow on （习惯、感情等）加深对……影响grow out of 产生自……；变得不适合grow up (+ in to …）成长为.... guarantee sb .aga inst / from 确保某人免于……grard aga inst 警惕……guess at + that 推测出……guide sb . to 带领某人到……gulp dow n —-口吞卜…忍住、抑制住hand dow n 把……传下来hand in 把…•…交进、交上han dle with （用手）搬运时要……hang on to 紧紧握住……hang over 挂在••…•上;靠近在……上hang up 把.... 挂起来；挂电话happen to …某人某物出了事happe on / upon sb .巧遇、偶然发现某人hasten sth . to 火速将…•…送到、调到……haste n to 赶到 .... have sb . down / in / up 把某人请来、请进做客(dow n :从城市请到乡下，up :从乡下请到城内）hear from 接到某人的信hear of / about 听说……hear sb .out 听某人把话讲宀完help sb .with 在……帮助某人help sb .off (on )with 帮某人脱去（穿上）……help sb .out 帮某人解决难题等hesitate about + v —ing 对做.... 犹豫不决hesitate at 对某事犹豫hide sth . from sb .对某人隐瞒hin der sb . from + v —ing hinder sb . in阻止、阻碍某人做……妨碍某人的……hint at 对别人暗示……hire on /out 接受雇用hit off with 适合于.... hit out aga inst sth 打击……的行为等hit out at sb .向某人打去；抨击某人hit sb . up for 请求某人……hold back 踌躇；阻止.... ；隐瞒消息等hold dow n 压制……；缩减……；牵制……hold in 约束……；抑制……hold off 不接近,拖延；不使……接近hold out aga inst 对……不退让hold out for 为.... 坚持住hold out till 坚持到……时刻hold sth . over 将……延迟hurry away / off 匆忙离去hurry up 赶紧iden tify on eself with 参加到.... 中间去iden tify sth .with 认为.... 和.... 一致idle about / along 闲逛，无所事事idle away 虚度时间、年华等illustrate sth .with 用图来说明……immigrate into 移民到……immunize sb .against 使某人对……有免疫力impel sb.to 促使、推动某人至……程度implore sb .for sth .为... 恳求某人import sth .from 从……进口……import unesb .for sth . 向某人强求impress upon sb . sth .给某人在……留下强烈印象impress sb .with 给某人留下……印象incline to 倾向于.... in crease in 增加、提高in disposesb .for 使某人不能、不适应于……in disposesb .to 使某人不愿、厌恶...... infect …with sth .传染上、感染上……infer sth . from 由... 推论出inform sb .of sth .通知、告知某人……in fuse sth .into sb . /sth . 赋于……某种东西in fuse sth .with 向……注入……in hibit sb .from + v —ing 禁止某人做……in itiate sb .into使某人对… .. 入门；使某人加入…inject sth .into 把……注射到……inno vate in/on / upon 在……变革、创新ino culate sb .aga inst 给某人注射……疫苗inquire after 问起某人的生活等情况inquire for 询问地点等inquire of sb .about sth .问某人……insert sth .in/i nto 把...... •插入……；登载广告等in sist on / upon 坚持……;坚决主张……in spire sb to 激励、激起某人到……程度in spire sb .with 鼓起某人的……in sure …aga inst 给……保……险in tegrate with 使.... 和 .... 结合in tegrate sth .into 使……并入……in teract on 相互作用、影响（于……）in terest sb .in sth 使某人对……感兴趣in terferewith打扰某人；与某事冲突、抵触in timidate sb .into + v —ing 胁迫某人做……in troducesth .into 把……引进、输入……in troduce sb .to 把某人引荐给……in vest i n 投资于……in vestigate in to 对进仃调查in vite sb .to 邀请某人到..... invite sth .from sb .征求某人的……isolate …from 把……从……隔离开issue from 从……流出issue in 造成、导致..... join in 参加……join sth . to 把……和……连结起来join sth . with 使-.. 和.... 结合、连结judge by / from 以……判断judge of 对.... 作评价jump at 看到……时吃惊、喜悦而跃起jump for 为（因）……而跳跃jump from …to 突然从一话题跃到另一话题keep at 坚持做……;不停地做……keep away 站开；使离开keep from ( +v —ing )阻止、抑制……做••…keep sth . from sb .对某人隐瞒••…keep …in 把-••…抑制住；隐瞒……keep in with 不断讨好……；继续和……相好keep off 不使……接近……;把……驱开keep on at 纠缠、困扰某人；使某人烦恼keep on + v —ing 继续做……、进行下去keep out of 使... 置身于..... 之外keep up with 跟上、赶上……kick aga inst / at 反对、抗议……；对……发牢骚kill off 消灭、杀光……kneel before / down / to 跪下，跪着knit sth . into 把.... 编成、编入 ...... knock dow n 把.... 击倒、击洛；使屈服knock dow n for 要求某人……knock (…)off 把……打倒、击落knock un der to 向……屈服knock up aga inst 同……冲突；偶然碰见know about/of …知道、了解、懂得……；听说know …from 区分……和……lag beh ind 落后于……land …at 把……送到……；使……到达land up at 在……歇脚last out 坚持；耐久laugh at 因……发笑；嘲笑某人laugh away 用笑来驱除烦恼等laugh dow n 用笑声打断……laugh over 笑着谈论 .... launch sth . against sb .对某人发出命令、威胁等launch into 投入……launch on / upon 着手进行、开始launch sb .in / into 使某人进入……lay aside 把…放一边；把…留在以后用lay down 放下…；交出…；规定、制疋lay off ( + v —ing )把…搁在一边；放弃（做）…lay on 力（惩罚、命令）于…；猛攻…lay on for 为……组织、安排……lay out 摆开……，安排、设置……lay to 把（功、过）归于……lead to 导致、引起……lead •••( from …)to 到……lead sb . on/to做……lead up to题leap from …toleap toleap …overleap withlearn fromlearn ofleave …aloneleave …behind面leave off ( + v —ing ) leave outleave overleave sth . (up ) to sb leave sth . with sb lend …tolend on eself to 从……（从……）把……引诱使某人渐渐引到某个话从……跳到……迅速、立即做出 .....使……跃过……因……跳、跃向……学习听说、听到...........不管、不理……;不要动…… 留下、忘了带…；把…丢后停止（做）••…省去、略去 ..... ;不考虑留下、剩下…；使…延期把……交付于某人把……交给某人把……交给帮助……；屈let (…)down 放下、放低…；使…失望let in 让……进来；招致祸害等let sb . in for 使某人遭到……let sb .into 让某人进入…；让某人知道…let …off 放掉烝气等；对...... 从轻处罚let on to 向……泄露秘密等lie about sth .to sb . 就……对某人撒谎lie on / upon 依赖……；压迫……lie sb . out of sth . 从某人处骗取……lie un der 受到、蒙受……light up 点燃……；照亮……；使……变亮limit …to 把... 限疋在.....line up 排队link sth . with 把……和……结合起来link up with 与连接起来、联系着listen in to 收听、监听……listen to 留神听……live by 靠……生活live off 住在……之外；靠……供养live on 以……为主食；继续活着live through 度过、经受住……live up to 实践誓言等；做到...... ；与.... 相等live with sb 与某人冋居；和……住在一起lock sb . in /out 把某人锁在……内或……外lock sth . away 把……锁藏起来look after 关心、照料..... look at看、查看.... ;考虑、着眼于........ look back to / up 回顾……look dow n on/up on 看不起……look for 寻找……；期待……look forward to …-/ v —ing 盼望（做） ...look in (on sb .)顺便去看（某人）look on sb . with 以……看待某人look on with sb .和某人合读、合看....... look out (+ for …)留心、当心、提防look through 看穿……look to 照管、看管……;留心、注意……magnify on eself aga inst sb .抬高自己而反对某人make away 离去、逃去make away with 携……而逃；摧毁……；浪费……make do with 用.... 设法对付…... ;凑合着用……make for 有利于……；倾向于……；冲向make from / of 用……制造……（from为原材料）make in 干涉别人；加入纷争make into 把.... 制成••…•;使……转变为make off with 携……而逃make out 书写、填写•……；把……说成……make up 补偿、赔偿……；配制……；组成make up with sb 和某人和解make with作出、产生•…man age with/without 理……manufacture sth . from 成match …against /with赛mature into为....measure up to到……meet up with见……meet with受men ti on to sb . + that mistake …formix sth . with sth .mix up淆……motion to sb . tomove off;用（手、眼等）做动作有、没有帮助能处/ into 用..... 制使……与……较量、比成长符合、达偶尔碰遇见、碰见……；遭对某人讲起把 ... 错认为.....用……和……混合在一起搅匀、搅和……；混向某人示意做 .....^离.^去 ^走move to 搬家、迁移到……nod sb .…向某人点头示意……notify sb . of sth .将……通知某人object to + sth . / v —ing 反对（做）....obstruct sb . in/from + v-ing 阻挠某人做……occupy on eself with sth ./ in + v —ing某人正忙于（做）……occur to sb .某人想到……open into / on / onto 通往、通ope n out 打开、展开……；开发……；表明ope n to sb .某人看见了……；展现在……operate on / upon sb .for 对某人的某疾病开刀operate (sb .)on 为某人某部位动手术operate to 对……起作用oppose • to^使... •和……相对抗；用……反对……overflow with 充满了……，洋溢着……owe …to sb .欠某人的……；把……归功于某向人owe sb . for 因为 ..... 而欠某人（的……）own to + v —ing 承认做了……own up to 爽快地承认 ...pack sb . off 叫某人卷铺盖、解雇某人pack with 某地方挤满了人；……塞满了东西parallel…with 把 .... 与.... 比较pardon sb . for + v —ing 因做... 请某人原谅part from / with sb . 同某人分手、告别part with sth 使……与……分离、分开participate in 参加、参与..... participate with sb .in 与某人分享、分担……pass sth . on sb.对某人提出批评、宣布判……刑pass sth . to sb .把……传给某人pass through 穿过、经过……pause on停)在某方面、某点停止（暂pay down 用现金支付pay for 偿还……;受到……报应pay off 付清某人的工资、债务等pay sth . to sb 向某人表示冋候；访冋某人等permit of 容许某事persuade sb .in to + v —ing 说服某人做……persuade sb out of sth 劝某人取消persuade sb .to : sth 劝某人使其同意 ...phone ( sth . ) to sb .给某人打电话（告诉他……）pick out 挑出、选出……；区别出……；领会……pick over 在…... 挑选；分档挑选出....... pick up 拾起、捡起;偶然获得知识、信息等pick up on 与……熟悉起来place sth .on / in sb 对某人寄予希望、信任pla n on +v —ing 打算做……play along with 参与•……；与……合作play at 做游戏；参加比赛等；做事敷衍了事play at sb .in sth用，……和某人开玩笑、嘲弄某人等play out 把戏演完、比赛进行到底play on / upon 不择手段地利用……play upon to 在演戏中和……配合得好；迎合....plug in 把塞子、插头塞入、插进....... point/at / to / towards指着、指向、面向……、暗示……point out 指出……possess sb . of sth .使某人占有、具有post …over with 在……上面贴满了……pour out 涌出•……；倾吐、诉说 .... practise at 开业做（医生、律师等）practise in 练习……practise upon / on 欺骗某人;利用某人的缺点等praise sb . for sth .某人因•••…而受到赞扬等pray for sb .为某人祈祷pray for sth .请求某人的……pray sb . for sth .向某人恳求某事precede sth .by / with 为……加上前言、引言_:言prepare for 为 ... 准备prepare sb .for sth 使某人对……有所准备prepare sth .for sth 为••…•准备、预备……prescribe for / to给….. 命令、指示;为……开处方present sb . to sb .引见某人见……prese nt sb .to sb ./ sb .with sth . 送某人……preside at/over 主持会议等press ( + sb ..)for 强迫某人……press (+ sth .)on sb .把……强加于某人prevail on / upon /with sb .+ v —ing劝说、说服、诱使某人做prevail over 胜过……prevent sb . from + v —ing 阻止某人做……print sth . on 使……牢记在……proceed aga inst sb .for sth为……而对某人起诉proceed from 从…•…开始、着手；出自于profit by/from 从……中得益；利用……prohibit sb .from + v —ing 禁止、阻止某人做……pronounce on 对……发表意见pronounce •on sb .宣判某人……propose to sb .向某人求婚protect •-' -from 保护……以免....provide for 为……而准备;为……提供生计provide sth .for 为……提供……provide sth .with 为……装备……provoke sb .in to + v —ing 激起、惹得某人……pull about 把……拖来拖去;粗暴地对待pull away 脱身、离开pull down 拉倒；摧毁……;使……精神不振pull off 脱衣等；努力实现……pull out 拔出……；撤走…渡过难关等pull sb .through 使某人渡过困难、危机等pull sth .on sb .拔出刀、枪等对着某人pump sb . for sth / sth . out of sb .从某人处探出……purchase …with 用鲜血、牺牲、生命换得……把…push around …•推来推去；烦扰、欺侮……push on to 努力向..... 推进、前进push on with 加紧于工作、学习等push sb .on 促使某人继续做下去push sb .over 把某人推倒put about 使……转向；冃攵布；麻烦put aside 把……•放在边；储存以备后用put …by 把……放在旁边；回避、忽视put dow n 放下…•…；拒绝……；镇压……；记录……put …down at / for 估计.... ；认为..... put …down to 把……记在某人账上put forward 放出…••…；提出计划、理论等put in 放进•;使.... 就职；种植...... put off 推迟……;搪塞…•…；脱掉……；扔掉put sb .off 使某人失去……；使某人分心等put out 放出、伸出••…•;生产、发布……;熄灭……put sb .on to 引起某人对……的注意put sb .through 使某人经受考验、训练put up 举起.... ;进行•…••；推举.... ；建造 .... put upon 欺骗…••…；使……成为牺牲品put up with 忍受…••…；容忍讨厌的人或事puzzle •- -about / over 对……为难、窘困qualify sb .for sth .使某人对工作、职务等合格quarrel with sb .和某人吵嘴、争吵quarrel with sth . /sb 埋怨、责备……questi on sb . on sth . 就冋题等而询间某人race with sb .与某人赛跑rage aga in st/at 对某人某事大发脾气raise sb .from 使某人从・••…站起、起来raise sth .to sb .向某人举起..... range from …to从…•…变动到（在……与•…••之间变动）reach for 伸手取、拿……read about / of 谈到、获悉……read out 宣告开除……；读出……read sth .through 把... 从头读到尾reason sb . into sth ./ v —ing 劝说某人做……reason sb . out of sth . / v —ing 劝说某人不做……reas on with sb .aga in st/for为反对或赞成..... 和某人评理recall sb .to 使某人想起了……receive sth .from sb .得到某人的……receive sb .into 接受某人加入……recommendsb . for 介绍、推存某人加入……recomme nd …to 把……托付给....recompe nse sb .for 补偿某人的……recover from 从……状态下恢复、复原reduce …to 把……减少到……refer to 谈到、提到、涉及 ...... refer…to 扌把••…归于……;认为……是……的起源reflect on / upon 思考、考虑、沉思……refrain from + v —ing 忍住、抑制住做……rei nforce …with 沉陷于……relate to 和……相处relate …to/with使……与••…•联系;显示……与……的关系relieve sb . from 消除某人的……relieve …of 使…••…解除了、消除了苦痛等remark on / upon 谈论……remember sb .to sb .代……向……致意、问好remind sb .of 使某人想起、记起……remove sb . from 从........... 把某人开除；撤某人的职render sth . to 向做汇报等rent at /for 租金多少钱rent sth . to / from租（房子等）给……；向……租repay sb .for 报答某人的……repeat sth .to 把（别人讲的话）传给……replace …by / with 用……取代、代替reply to 回答、回可复……report of 说出对••…•的印象report or i / upon 报告、汇报某事report to 向.••…报到represe nt sth .to 向某人描述、描绘、讲述……reproach sb .for /with 为..... 指责、申斥某人request sth . from sb .向某人要求……request of sb .恳求、请求某人……require of sb .要求、命令某人……rescue sb . from 从••…•处、状况下营救某人research into 调查、探究……reserve sth . for 为，……保存、储蓄……reside at / in 住在.... resig n from 辞去……职务resign …to 把•…••交付、托付给……resig n on eself to 屈服于、陷入……resolve sb . upon + v —ing 使某人决心做……resort to 求助、凭借resp ond to 响应……；对……有反应rest on 视线停留在•••…；搁在……；依赖rest with 取决于……；归于……restore sb . to 使某人恢复到……restrain …from + v —ing 制止、遏制......... 做……result from 由而产生、引起result in 引起、导致……retire from 从……退职、引退、隐居等retreat from 放弃……；从……退出return from 从……回来return to 归还给……；话题等回复；恢复职务reward sb .for 为……而答谢某人ride in / on 乘、坐、骑••…ring …about / in / round 包围、围拢……ring for 按铃、摇铃叫或要……rob sb .of sth 抢劫、劫掠某人的……root in 扎根于..... root …out / up 根除、清除、肃清……rouse sb .(up ) from 使某人觉悟；唤醒某人rouse sb .for 为……而唤醒某人rub along 一起过日子；两人以上勉强地相处rub away 十炭-H ---- 擦去、磨去rub dow n 用力擦遍……；把……擦亮rub off 擦去、消除•…run through 勉强通save sb . from 把某人从……救过过……来rule out 排取消、拒绝考虑……save sth . for 为••…•而节省,节约钱、时间等除、run dow n say sth . in 用某种语言说、讲……跑下；用完……；人筋疲力尽；健康逐渐变坏scare …away / off 把……吓run in 跑进来；顺便探访跑run into 使……撞在•••…；偶然碰见某人scare …out of sb .把某人吓得要死run off 使•…•逃跑；从... •流掉；进行试验等scream for 为 ... 而尖叫run out 跑出；元成•••…；突出、伸向……search for 搜寻、探查……run out of 用search into 研究、调查……宀search out 寻找、找到……完....run through 跑着穿过 ..... ；匆匆看过..... ；挥seat on eself at / in / on 在……边、里、上坐下霍……secure …against 掩护、保护……以run up against 意外地碰到困难、遇到某便人secure sb . from 保护某人以run up to 跑到……；把……积累到……免 ...rush at / on/upon 冲向、奔secure …with 用……保向……护、用……使其安全rush into / out of 冲入、出……；闯see about 查看、查入……询……rush into / to 仓促地..... see after 照应、照顾……sail for 船开向……see into 调查、了解•…•的性质、意义等。

2019高考英语一轮复习介词必背

2019高考英语一轮复习介词必背介词--2018高考英语介词必背541. aboard prep.& ad. 在(船、飞机、车)上，上船等2. about ad. 大约；到处；四处 prep. 关于；在各处；四处3. above prep. 在……上面 a.上面的ad. 在……之上4. after ad. 在后；后来prep. 在……之后；在后面conj. 在……以后5. against prep. 对着，反对6. along ad. 向前；和…一起；一同prep. 沿着；顺着7. among prep. 在……中间；在（三个以上）之间8. at prep. 在（几点钟）；在（某处）9. before prep. 在…以前；在…前面ad. 以前conj. 在…之前10. behind prep.(表示位置)在…后面 ad. 在后面；向后11. below prep. 在……下面12. beneath prep.在……下方（面）13. beside prep. 在……旁边；靠近14. besides prep. 除……以外（还有）ad. 还有，此外15. between prep.在（两者）之间；在…中间16. beyond prep. 超越，在…的那边17. but conj. 但是，可是 prep. 除了，除……外18. by prep. 靠近，在…旁；在…时间；不迟于；被；用；由；乘（车）19. despite prep.任凭;尽管20. down prep.沿着，沿……而下ad. 向下21. during prep.在……期间；在…过程中22. except prep.除……之外23. for prep. 为了…；向…，往…；与…交换；防备…；适合…；因为；在…期间；对于…；对…来说conj. 因为，由于24. from prep. 来自；从25. in prep. 在……里(内)；在…；以…ad. 在家，在内，向内26. inside prep.在…里面 ad.在里面27. into prep. 到…里；向内；变成28. like prep. 像，跟…一样29. near a.近的 ad. 附近，邻近prep. 在…附近，靠近30. of prep. (表示领属或所有关系) …的31. off ad. 离，距prep. 从…离开，脱离32. on prep. 在…上的33. onto prep.到…上面34. outside n. 外部，外面，外表a. 外界的，外部的ad. 在外面，在外部prep.在〔向〕…的外面35. over prep. 在…上 ad. 翻转，翻到36. past ad. 过去n.过去,昔日,往事prep. 过…，走过某处37. per prep. 每，每一38. plus prep.加，加上vt.（用塞子）把……塞住39. round ad. 转过来prep. 环绕一周，围着 a. 圆的；球形的40. since ad. 从那时以来conj. 从…以来，…以后，由于prep. 从…以来41. through prep.穿(通)过；从始至终ad. 穿(通)过；自始至终,全部42. throughout prep.遍及，贯穿43. till conj.& prep. 直到，直到…为止44. to prep.（动词不定式符号，无词义）；（表示接受动作的人或物）给；对，向，到；在……之前45. toward(s) prep. 向，朝，对于46. under ad.& prep. 在……下面，向……下面47. unlike prep. 不像，和……不同48. until prep.& conj. 直到……为止49. up ad.向上;在上方;起来;在…以上a. 上面的，向上的，上行的 n.上升；上坡；上行；繁荣prep.向(高处);向(在)…上(面)游50. upon prep. 在……上面51. via prep. 取道；经过52. with prep. 和…一起，跟…53. within prep. 在…内，在…里面54. without prep. 没有复杂介词1.双词介词：指由两个单词构成的复杂介词。

英语语法----介词Preposition(Prep.)

英语语法----介词Preposition（Prep.）英语语法----介词Prepsitin（Prep）一、定义：用在n（或相当于n的其它词类、短语或从句）之前，说明其与句子中另一成分的关系的词，又称前置词。

二、分类：3种1．简单介词（Siple Prepsitins）eg abut, abve, behind, besides, dn, during, in, near, rund, sine, tards, ith 2．复合介词（pund Prepsitins）eg fr ang, fr behind, fr under, inside, utside, ithin, ithut, int, nt, ut f, upn, thrughut3．短语介词（Phrasal Prepsitins）eg arding t, apart fr（除……之外）, as a result f, as fr/t（至于，关于）, beause f, due t（由于）, in additin t（除……之外，不但= besides, in frnt f,in spite f(尽管), instead f, ing t（由于）三、常见简单介词的基本用法1abut 1)关于，有关egI have nt heard s uh ~ hi I dn’t n hat u’re taling ~2）差不多，大约egAbut 00 Ss attended the leture Abut hen ill u g abrad?3）表示地点：在周围，在附近，各处，到处egTrees are planted ~ the laeThe live sehere~ the Peple’s SquareDn’t leave ur bs~ ur des I haven’t an sall hange ~/n e 4）“即将”（近期将）egThe fil is ~ t begin It’s nearl 7:00 The train is ~ t leave2abve 1）在……上方egA bird is fling abve the ds There is a prtrait abve the blabard 2）（在数量上）超过egThe an is nt et frt, but ell ~thirtThe nuber f ne Ss this ear is ~fur hundred3）（能力等）胜过，超越；因太困难、太好而不…… eg The prble is ~ e （这问题太难我不懂。

40个介词用法总结

40个介词用法总结介词是英语中非常重要的一类词性，它在句子中起着连接词与词、短语与短语的作用。

介词的正确使用对于句子的表达和理解至关重要。

下面将介绍40个常见介词的用法总结，希望能够帮助大家更好地掌握介词的用法。

1. about。

介词about表示“关于”，用于询问或表达主题或内容。

例如，What are you talking about?（你在谈论什么？）。

2. above。

介词above表示“在……之上”，用于表示位置关系。

例如，The sun is above the clouds.（太阳在云层之上。

）。

3. across。

介词across表示“横过，穿过”，用于表示横跨某个区域或穿过某个物体。

例如，We walked across the bridge.（我们走过了桥。

）。

4. after。

介词after表示“在……之后”，用于表示时间先后关系。

例如，We'll go for a walk after dinner.（晚饭后我们会去散步。

）。

5. against。

介词against表示“靠着，依靠”，用于表示两个物体之间的接触或支撑关系。

例如，He leaned against the wall.（他靠在墙上。

）。

6. along。

介词along表示“沿着”，用于表示沿着某个方向或路线。

例如，We walked along the river.（我们沿着河边走。

）。

7. amid。

介词amid表示“在……之中”，用于表示某个场所或环境中。

例如，The children played happily amid the flowers.（孩子们在花丛中快乐地玩耍。

）。

8. among。

介词among表示“在……之中”，用于表示三个或三个以上的人或物之间的关系。

例如，She is among the top students in her class.（她是班里的尖子学生之一。

）。

9. around。

介词（Prepositions）知识点

介词（Prepositions）知识点‖介词概述‖介词为虚词，不能单独充当句子成分，必须同名词、代词、短语、句子构成介词短语，才能充当句子成分。

介词短语在句中常作表语、定语、状语和补足语。

He is good at English.他擅长英语。

(名词做介词宾语)He was very angry at losing it. 把它丢失了，他很生气。

(动名词做介词宾语)Mr.Smith is still in bed. 史密斯先生还在睡觉。

(介词短语作表语)the people on the bus公共汽车上的人(介词短语作定语)1. 介词的种类(一)简单介词包括in、on、to、with、by、for、at等。

(二)合成介词包括into、within、throughout、inside、outside等。

(三)重叠介词包括from among从......当中，from behind从......后面，until after直至......之后，at about在大约......，after about在大约......之后等。

(四)短语介词一个或两个简单介词和一个或几个其他词类构成一个短语，作用相当于一个介词，这就叫做短语介词。

这类介词的末尾总是一个简单介词。

如：according to、because of、by means of、in addition to、in front of、in spite of等。

2. 介词短语及其用法介词和它的宾语合在一起构成的短语叫做介词短语，它在句中作定语、状语和表语。

如：Dona is a friend of mine．多娜是我的一个朋友。

(定语)The boy in red stand on his hands is an actor．穿红衣服倒立的那个男孩是演员。

(定语)Can you talk in French? 你能说法语吗? (方式状语)The homework was done in an hour．作业1小时内就完成了。

Prepositions介词用法

PrepositionsOn:1.Showing position in relation to a surface or supported by a surface:The vase is on the table.We rested on our hands and knees.There is a list of our lessons on the wall.2.At the edge of, along: a house on the highway; a town on the border; trees on both sides of the street3.to, towards, in the direction:the ranch on the south side of the river4.during, at the time of:on the morning of July 1st5.directly after:On hearing the new, she burst into tears.6.with regard to; about: I bought a book on India.7.by means of:I talked with him on the telephone.8.supported by: He went round the world on the money his aunt gave him.9.in a state or process of: on fire, on sale, on holiday10.with:Have you any money on you?In:1.Contained by (something with depth, length, and height); within (an enclosed space); inside:He was standing in the room.2.Surrounded by (an area); within and not beyond (an open space):The children are playing in the garden.3.with the names of countries, seas, towns, and villages:They live in London.4.being included as part of:Can you see the mistake in this sentence.5.Showing an area of employment or activity: She’s in business.6.wearing: a man in uniform7.showing direction of movement:They drove off in the wrong direction.8.with or by means of: Please write it in ink/French. / She called out in a loud voice.9.(with certain periods of time) at some time during; at the time of:in January / Spring / 1986 / the 18th century / the afternoon / his youth / the First World War10.during not more than: He learnt English in three English.11.after, at the end of: It’ll be finished in five minutes.12.showing the condition of a person or thing:They were living in terrible poverty.(in danger / a hurry / a bad mood / good health)13.(showing division and arrangement) so as to be:Pack them in tens. / We stood in a circle. / Cut it in two.14.as a/an; by way of:What did you do for him in return. / She said nothing in reply.At:1.shows a point in space: We arrived at the airport. / A red bus is stopping at the bus stop.2.shows an exact point in time: I’m busy at the moment.3.shows a period of time: I often work at night.4.shows an attended aim or object towards which a thing or action is directed:He shot at the bird, but missed it.5.shows the cause of an action or feeling: I was surprised/ amused at his behaviour.6.shows the subject or activity in which a judgment about someone’s ability is made:She’s a genius at chemistry.7.shows a state or continued activity: I never smoke at work.8.shows a price, rate, level, age, speed, etc: drive at 100 k/hOut:1. 1. In a direction away from the inside: Let's go out and look at the stars.2.From a state of: The car went out of control.3.Beyond the limits: o ut of sight4.From among: Three out of four people choose “Silver Fox” soap.5.Because of: I did it out of interest.6.Shows what something is made from: The table is made out of wood.7.Not having, without: We’re nearly out of petrol.Near:1.Not far from; close to: We want to find a house near (to) the station.2.Almost: The job is near impossible.By:ed, esp. with a passive verb, to show the person or thing that performs an action or causes a result:The building was designed by a famous architect.2.Through the use or means of: Send it by air mail.3.Passing through or along: They came in by the back door.4.Near; beside: I always keep a spare set by me.5.Past: He passed by me without noticing me.6.Shows the name of the person who wrote a book, directed a film, made a work of art, etc.Jaws-------- a film by Steven Speilberg based on the novel by Peter Benchley7.Not later than; before: By the time the doctor arrived the patient had died.8.In accordance with: Profits were $6 million, but by their standards this is quite a bad result.9.T o the amount or degree of: The price of oil fell by a further $2 a barrel.ed to show the part taken, held, etc.: He led her by the hand.11.In the name of: swore by the Bible to tell the truth.ed to indicate a succession of specified individuals, groups, or quantities:One by one they left. They were persuaded little by little.ed in multiplication and division: m ultiply 4 by 6 to get 24.ed with measurements: a room 12 by 18 feet.15.Shows a rate or quantity: You can buy them singly or by the dozen.16.During: Cats sleep by day and hunt by night.Before:1.Previous to in time; earlier than: He got there before me.2.In front of: The priest stood before the altar.3.In store for; awaiting: The young man's whole life lies before him.4.Into or in the presence of: She asked that the visitor be brought before her.5.Under the consideration of: The case is now before the court.6.In a position superior to: The prince is before his brother in the line of succession.After:1.Subsequent in time to; at a later time than: We’ll leave after dinner.2.Following continually: year after year3.Behind in place or order: Z comes after Y in the alphabet4.As a result of; because of: After the way he treated me I never want to see him again.5.In spite of: After all my care in packing it, the clock arrived broken.6.In search for: The police are after me.7.With the name of: The boy was named after his uncleBehind:1.At or towards the back of: She ran out from behind a tree.2.Lower than, in position or quality; below: We are three points behind the team in first place.3.In support of; encouraging: We are right behind you all the way!Between:1.In or into the space, time, things or amounts that separates: You shouldn’t eat between meals2.Showing connection: Talks between Sue and BrianAmong:1.In the middle of; surrounded by: Their house is hidden among trees.2.Between or through the group of: Discontent among the unemployed3.Being one of: This mountain is among the highest in the world.4.(When things are shared by more than two people) to each of: Divide the money among the five of them.Above:1.Higher than; over: We flew above the clouds.2.T o a greater degree than: The company values hard work above good ideas.3.Higher in rank or power than: A general is above a major.4.T oo good, proud, or honest for: Her behaviour was above suspicion.Over:1.Directly above; higher than, but not touching: The doctor leaned over the sick child.2.So as to cover; resting on top of: He put the newspaper over his face.3.From side to side of, esp. by going up and then down again:If we can’t go over the mountain we must go round it.4.In many parts of; everywhere in: They traveled all over Europe.manding; in control of: He ruled over a large kingdom.6.More than: Children over seven should go to school.7.During; through a period: Over the years he’s become lazier and lazier.8.While doing, eating, etc.: Let’s hold the meeting over dinner.Below:1.In a lower place than: Just below the surface of the water2.On a lower level than: Families living below the official poverty lineBeneath:1.In or to a lower position than; below; directly under; esp. so as to be covered or sheltered by:The earth lay beneath a blanket of snow.2.Lower than in rank, social position, etc.: She was very contemptuous of those beneath her.3.Not suitable to; not worthy of: It would be beneath him to do that.1.In or to a lower place than; directly below; cobered by: Can you breathe under water?2.Less than: Children under 4 ca not see this film.3.In the class of: Iron is listed under “Metals” in the index.4.According to: Under the terms of the agreement, you have to pay a weekly rent.5.Experiencing the effects of: The hospital is under threaten of closure.6.In or into a state of: At last we brought the fire under control.7.In the process of: The matter is still under discussion.Through:8.In at one side, end, or surface, and out at the other: We walked through the market to the truck park.9.By means of: I got this job through an employment agency.10.As a result of; because of: How many working days were lost through sickness?11.From the beginning to the ending; into and out of a process:We went through the security check and boarded the plane.12.Over the surface of or within the limits of: We traveled through France and Belgium on our holidays.13.Among or between the parts or single members of:I searched through my papers for the missing document.14.Having finished, or so as to finish, successfully: Did you get through your exams?15.Up to and including: I work Monday through Friday.To:1.In a direction towards: She stood up and walked to the window.2.So as to be in a state of: She sang the baby to sleep.3.In a touching position with: The paper stuck firmly to the wall.4.Facing or in front of: They stood face to face.5.Until and including: I read the book from beginning to end.6.For the attention or possession of: This is a letter to Mildred from George.7.In connection with: What have you done to the radio? It’s not working.8.For; of: Have you got the key to this lock?9.As far as concerns: That sounds suspicious to me.10.So as to cause (esp. a feeling): To my great surprise, we won!11.(of time ) before; till: The committe have never heard the whole story to this day.12.In honor of: Let’s drink to the health of your respected guests.For:1.Intended to belong to or be given to: I’ve got a present for you.2.Shows purpose: This knife is for cutting bread.3.Instead of; so as to help: Let me lift that heavy box for you4.Because of: For several reasons, I’d rather not meet him.5.Shows length of time: I haven’t seen her for years.6.In regard to: It’s difficult for someone in her position to think clearly.7.In order to: For details of this offer, write to Jones Co.8.Shows payment, price, or amount: I bought this book for $3.9.In favor of; in support of; in agreement with: I’m all for the young enjoying themselves.10.T owards: I bought a first-class ticket for Oxford1.In the direction of, without necessarily reaching:They have taken the first step towards reaching an agreement.2.Near; just before in time: Towards the end of the afternoon it began to rain.3.In relation to: What is their policy towards America?Against:1.In opposition to: There were 20 votes for her and 12 against her.2.In the direction of and touching or meeting: The rain beat against the windows.3.In an opposite direction to: We sailed against the wind.4.T ouching esp. for support: She was leaning against the wall.5.As a defence or protection from: They were vaccinated against cholera.6.Causing disadvantage to; having an unfavourable effect on: His prison record will count against him.Across:1.From one side to the other (of): Erna Hart is going to swim across the English Channel tomorrow.2.T o or on the opposite side (of): They live just across the road (from us).3.So as to cross: The two lines cut across each other.Past:1.Up to an beyond: The boys rushed past us.2.Beyond in time or age: It’s past my bedtime.Along:1.From one end of to the other; in a line in the direction of the length of: We walked along the road.2.In a line next to the length of: Trees grow along the river bank.Around:1.On all sides of; all round; surrounding: There was a fence around the yard.2.From one place to another in; to or in various parts of; about:The store has about 20 branches dotted around the city.3.In some place near (to); in the area of: He lives somewhere around London.4. A little more or less than; about: There were around 200 people at the meeting.Down:1.T o or in a lower place in; downwards by way of: We ran down the hill.2.Along; to or at the far end of: The tears ran down her face.3.In the direction of the current of: to go down the riverUp:1.T o or in a higher place in; upwards by way of: He climbed up the ladder.2.T o or at the top or far end of: They live just up the road.3.Against the direction of the current of: They sailed up the Seine.From:1.Starting at (the stated place, position, or condition):She went from shop to shop trying to find what she wanted.2.Starting at (the stated time): From the moment he saw her, he loved her.ing (the stated thing) as a position: You can see the lake from the top of the hill.4.In a state of separation with regard to: It’s hard for a child to be kept apart from its mother.5.Out of: He took a knife from his pocket.6.Distant in regard to: She lives a few miles from here.7.In a state of protection or prevention with regard to: She saved the child from drowning.pared with; as being unlike: He’s different from his brother in character.9.Sent or given by; originating in: I had a letter from her yesterday.ing: Bread is made from flour.11.Because of; as a result of; through: She suffered from heart disease.12.Judging by; considering: From what John tells, they’re very rich. / You can’t tell how old he is from theway he looks.During:1.All through (a length of time): We go swimming every day during the summer.2.At some moment in (a length of time): He died during the night.About:1.On the subject of: They are talking about their holidays.2.Here and there in; in all parts of: They walked about the streets.3.In the character of: There’s something about her that I really don’t like.4.Busy or concerned with: What are you about?According to:1.As stated or shown by:According to our records, the books you have borrowed should now be returned to the library.2.In a way that agrees with: We will be paid according to the amount of work we do.With:1.In the presence or company of; near, beside, or among: I’m staying with a friend.2.Having or possessing: The equipment comes with instructions and a guarantee.3.Showing (a quality): I read your letter with great interest.4.Including: With a tip, the meal cost $30 for two.5.Shows the idea of filling, covering, or containing: It was covered with dirt. / I filled it with sugar.6.Concerning; in regard to or in the case of: Be careful with that glass.7.In support of; in favor of: I'm with anyone who wants to help the homeless.8.Against: We’re competing with foreign businesses.9.In spite of: With all his faults, I still like him.10.Because of or considering the fact of: They were trembling with fear.Except:Not including; leaving out; but not:Everyone was tired except John.I can take my holidays at any time except in August.I know nothing about the accident except what I read in the paper.Except for:Apart from; with the exception of: The bus was empty except for an old lady.But:Other than; except:There’s no one here but me.Who but George would do such a thing?。

英语中常见介词及用法Preposition

介词：用来表示物体间的关系1.表示时间的介词a.在…时候at, 表示时间点，at noon, at 12:00in, 常用在年，月或者一段时, in October, in 2016, in the morningon, 常用在某天或特定的上午，下午，晚上on Sunday, on the morning of December the third, on the morning of January 1st, on time, 准时，固定搭配before，在…之前，Before Christmasafter，在…之后，After the First World Warb.表示将来的一段时间in+时间段after+时间点My father will be back in three days.My father will be back after three o’clock.My father will be back after three days later.c.表示持续的一段时间，常与完成时连用since+时间点，自从，Tom has been doing his homework since seven o’clock.for+时间段，I have lived in Dalian for three years.d.在…期间during, 整个时间段多次发生，He often falls asleep during the class.through, 从头到, We are playing in New Zealand through November.over, 等于during. She will stay in Paris during Christmas.一边，一边, We had a pleasant chat over a cup of tea.by,到…为止，by the beginning of the centuryAll of you are to arrive at school by seven o’clock.until, till,直到…时候，until last week,I shall wait until ten o’clock.I didn’t go to sleep until midnight.2.表示地点的介词in,在…里，in the box,on,在…上面，on the desk, on the wall有时，in也可以表示在…上，但是表示物体以外的东西在上面on表示物体本身生出的东西There are lots of apples on the tree.The birds are singing in the tree.over, 在…上面，She looked herself in the mirror over the table.under, 在…下面，The little mouse is under the table.正上，正下，斜上，斜下above, 在…上面，He lifted his hands above his head.below, 在…下面，The path runs below a long brick wall.across,从物体表面穿过，through，从物体中间穿过，He walked across the fields.He walked through the forest.in, on, to, off可以表示两地方位，比较Liaoning province lies in the northeast of China.Liaoning province is to the south of Heilongjiang Province.Russia is on the north of China. 接壤Mary lives in a flat just off Bridge Avenue. 两地隔着一小段距离among, 在…中间, 三者以上between，在…中间，两者之间They hid themselves among the trees.There was a flight between the two boys.3.表示方式、手段的介词by,通过…, She earns her living by selling insuranceby sea, by water, by air, by land,by ship, by boat, by plane, by trainon, on this plane, on foot, on a horse, go to school by bikewith, useWe see with our eyes, hear with our ears, and walk with our legs in, express, 语言，笔，大小写字母Please answer me in English.Please write in capital letters.The artist wrote in ink.固定搭配on/over the telephonein this wayby this meanswith this method4.表示原因的介词with, feeling,Her face went red with anger.for, reasonThe West Lake is famous for its scenery.from, 由于，die from hunger, 饿死，tremble from fear由于害怕而发抖by,由于，by mistake由于失误by good luck由于运气好5.表示支持或反对的介词for, agree withagainst, not agree with6.表示目的的介词for 为了…, I am going to apply for a job.Are you for or against the new road scheme?That’s against the law.7.表示数量的介词其他常考介词except, except for, not includebesides, in addition toWe all passed the exam except Tom.He has always been busy except when it is Sunday.Your coat is good except for its color.We have lots of things in common besides music.besides, 还可以做副词I don’t want to go, besides, I am too tired.but=exceptNo other students passed the difficult maths exam but Mary.一些常用介词的不同用法1.with用法a.togetherWould you like to go to the theatre with us?b.表示伴随Temperatures vary with the time of the year.c.表示原因The small child trembled with fear.。

初一英语常见介词用法归纳

初一英语常见介词用法归纳1. 引言1.1 初一英语介词的定义Introduction:Prepositions are essential parts of speech in the English language. They are words that show the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in a sentence. Prepositions are used to indicate location, time, direction, or possession.1.2 介词在句子中的作用In a sentence, prepositions function to show the relationship between the noun or pronoun that follows them and other words in the sentence. They indicate location, direction, time, manner, or possession. Prepositions are essential for conveying clear and precise meaning in English sentences.2. 正文2.1 常见的初一英语介词在初一英语学习中，介词是一个非常重要的语法成分。

介词通常位于名词、代词或动词前面，用来表示名词、代词或动词与其他词之间的关系。

在初一阶段的英语学习中，孩子们需要掌握一些常见的英语介词，以便正确地构建句子和表达自己的意思。

1. In（在…里面）- I have a book in my bag.（我书包里有一本书。

）- There is a cat in the box.（盒子里有一只猫。

）这些是初一阶段常见的英语介词，掌握它们的用法可以帮助孩子们更准确地表达自己的意思，构建正确的句子。

英语介词用法最全总结

英语介词用法最全总结Prepositions are important words in English that help to show the relationship between different elements in a sentence. They are used to indicate location, time, direction, manner, and other relationships. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the various uses of prepositions in English, providing you with a thorough understanding of their functions and usage.1. Location。

Prepositions are commonly used to indicate location. They show where something is in relation to something else. For example, "The book is on the table," "The cat is under the bed," "The school is next to the park." In these examples, the prepositions "on," "under," and "next to" indicate the location of the book, the cat, and the school.2. Time。

Prepositions are also used to indicate time. They show when something happens in relation to another event. For example, "I will meet you at 5 o'clock," "The party is on Saturday," "She was born in 1990." In these examples, the prepositions "at," "on," and "in" indicate the specific time or date of the event.3. Direction。

八年级英语介词知识点讲解

八年级英语介词知识点讲解
1.表示“标准或单位”的介词：at, for, by
(1)at表示“以，速度”“以，价格”
He drove at a speed of 80 miles an hour.他以每小时8英里的速度行驶。

I sold my car at a high price.我以高价出售了我的汽车。

(2)for用，交换
I bought it for 20 dollars.买它花了我20美元。

How much for these apples?这些苹果多少钱?
at与for都表示价格，但at表示“单价”,for表示总价,at后一般跟“price”这个词，而for后只能跟总钱数。

如：I bought it at a low price.我买它的价格很低。

I bought it at the price of $80 a pound.我以每磅80美元的价格买的它。

I sold it for $10.我10美元把它卖掉了。

(3)by以，计，后跟度量单位
Gold is sold by the gram.金以克出售。

They paid him by the month.他们按月给他计酬。

由为您提供的八年级英语介词知识点讲解，希望给您
带来启发!。

英语介词用法

2.He quarrelled with her yesterday. 3.He succeeded in passing the final examination .
4.I’m still thinking of how I can fulfill the task ahead of time.
4.The boy is familiar ______ the fiction because it is very popular ______ teenagers so far .
3.名词＋介词
1.The absence / lack of water is the most serious problem .
changed? • Are you sure about Simon’s disappearance? • Are you sure that Simon has disappeared? • The young man convinced everyone of his
innocence. • The young man convinced everyone that he was
according to/ out of/because of/instead of by means of/in spite of/at variance with/for fear of/on account of at the expense of/at the mercy of/for the benefit of/for the sake of/on the grounds of/on the score of/under the auspices of
10 表原因的介词: for , because of , due to , owing to , on account of , as a result of

高三英语作文常用高级介词用法

高三英语作文常用高级介词用法Advanced Prepositional Usage in Senior High English Composition.In the realm of English composition, particularly at the senior high level, the judicious employment of advanced prepositions can elevate one's writing to a realm of sophistication and precision. Prepositions, often considered as mere connectors in a sentence, possess a remarkable capacity to convey nuanced relationships between words and ideas. Their usage not only enhances the clarity and flow of prose but also imparts a subtle elegance that distinguishes exceptional writing from the ordinary.1. Prepositions of Place.Among the most familiar types of prepositions are those denoting physical location or spatial relationships. In addition to the basic prepositions (e.g., in, on, at), advanced writers can employ more specific ones such as:Adjacent to: Denotes immediate proximity (e.g., The office is adjacent to the library.)。

初中英语知识点归纳介词与介词短语的应用

初中英语知识点归纳介词与介词短语的应用IntroductionIn the study of English grammar, prepositions and prepositional phrases play an important role. They are key elements that help convey relationships between words and provide essential information about time, place, manner, and more. In this article, we will delve into the application of prepositions and prepositional phrases in the context of middle school English education.I. Definition and Function of PrepositionsPrepositions are words that link nouns, pronouns, or phrases to other words in a sentence. They indicate a relationship between the object of the preposition and another word in the sentence. Common prepositions include "at," "on," "in," "of," and "to." They provide information about location, time, direction, and other aspects.1. LocationPrepositions are frequently used to indicate where something is located. For example, "The cat is on the table," or "The school is near the park." In these sentences, the prepositions "on" and "near" help us understand the spatial relationship between the objects.2. TimePrepositions are also essential when talking about time. They help specify when an action happens. For instance, "I will meet you at 3 o'clock," or "We usually have dinner in the evening." The prepositions "at" and "in" indicate the time frame in these sentences.3. DirectionPrepositions can express direction or movement. Consider the sentences "He went to the library" or "The bird flew over the trees." The prepositions "to" and "over" reveal the direction of the action.II. Commonly Used Prepositions and Their Usage1. "At"The preposition "at" is often used to indicate a specific location. For example, "She is waiting at the bus stop," or "I met him at the party." In these sentences, "at" provides information about where the actions take place.2. "On"The preposition "on" typically denotes a surface or a position. Examples include "The book is on the table," or "She is sitting on the chair." These sentences reveal the relationship between the object and the surface it is located on.3. "In"The preposition "in" indicates being inside an enclosed space. It is commonly used for buildings, vehicles, and containers. For instance, "The students are in the classroom," or "The juice is in the bottle." "In" helps convey the sense of confinement or containment.4. "Of"The preposition "of" indicates possession, origin, or composition. Consider the sentences "The color of the car is red," or "The book ofShakespeare." In such sentences, "of" establishes a relationship between two nouns.III. Prepositional Phrases and Their ApplicationPrepositional phrases consist of a preposition and its object, along with any modifiers. They function as adjectives or adverbs, providing additional information about the nouns or verbs in a sentence.1. Adjective Prepositional PhrasesAdjective prepositional phrases modify nouns. They help provide more details about the characteristics or attributes of the noun. For example, "She is a girl with blue eyes," or "The house with a red roof belongs to my friend." In these sentences, the prepositional phrases "with blue eyes" and "with a red roof" describe the girl and the house, respectively.2. Adverb Prepositional PhrasesAdverb prepositional phrases modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. They provide information about time, place, manner, or reason. Consider the sentences "He ran with great speed," or "She danced in the rain." The prepositional phrases "with great speed" and "in the rain" describe how the actions were performed.IV. Common Mistakes and Tips for Preposition UsageWhile prepositions play a crucial role in English grammar, their usage can be challenging for language learners. Here are some common mistakes to avoid and tips for correct usage:1. Correct preposition choice: Pay attention to the specific prepositions used in certain expressions or idioms. For example, we say "interested in," not "interested at."2. Use of the object pronoun: When a pronoun is the object of a preposition, use the object pronoun form. For example, "He gave the gift to me," not "He gave the gift to I."3. Practice and exposure: The more you read and listen to English, the more familiar you become with correct preposition usage. Keep practicing and exposing yourself to the language.ConclusionPrepositions and prepositional phrases are vital components of the English language. They help convey relationships, provide essential information, and add depth to our communication. By understanding and mastering the application of prepositions, students can enhance their English language skills, allowing them to express themselves accurately and fluently.。

名词与介词搭配的高频英语短语

名词与介词搭配的高频英语短语absence from 缺席，不在absence of 缺乏aess to ...的入口，通路acquaintance with 相识，了解action on sth 对...的作用addition to sth 增加admission to /into 进入，入(场，学，会) admission of sth 成认advance in 改良，进步advantage over 优于...的有利条件affection for/towards 爱，喜欢answer to ...的答案anxiety for sth 渴望apology to sb for sth 抱歉appeal to sb for sth 恳求，呼吁appeal for 魅力，吸引力appetite for 对...的欲望application 把...应用于...approach to 类似，方法，通道argumentof sth/to sth 赞成/反对...的理由arrangement for 对...的安排for /against attack on 对...的进攻，评击attempt at 尝试，企图attention to 对...的注意attraction for 对...的吸引力balance between ...之间的平衡barrier to ...的障碍belief in 对...的信仰，相信candidate for 候选人，人选check on 检查，阻止claim for sth 要求collision with sb/sth 碰撞，冲突ment on /about 对...的评论plaint of /about 报怨，控告promise between/on 折中，妥协concentration on sth 专心，集中精力concentration of sth 集中，聚集concern about/for/over 担忧confidence in 对...的信任，相信connection between; 关系，连接consent to sth 同意with/to sth contact with sb/sth 接触，联系contest for sth 争夺，竞争contradiction between 矛盾，不一致contrast to/with sth 比照，对照contribution to 奉献，捐献，促成conversation with sb 对话credit for sth 荣誉，赞扬damage to sth 损坏danger to sb/sth 危险decision on/against 做/不做...的决定decrease in sth ...的减少defence against 防御，保卫delegate to 参加...的代表demand for 对...的需求departure from 离开desire for sth 渴望dispute about 争论，辩论distinction between 区别doubt about/as to 疑心effect on 对...的作用emphasis on 对...的强调，注重encounter with 遭遇，遇到enthusiasm about/for 热情entrance to ...的入口，入场envy of sb 嫉妒exception to ...的例外exposure to sth 暴露fancy for sth 喜爱faith in 对...的信任，信仰glance at 扫视gratitude to sb 感谢guess at sth 猜想for sth hatred for/of 仇恨hazard to 危险hunger for 渴望impact on/ upon 对...的撞击，宏大影响improvement on/in 对...的改良，提高increase in sth 增加，增长independence from 独立，自主influence on 对...的影响inquiry about 对...的查询inquiry into 对...的调查interaction with sth 相互作用inteference in/with/between /among sth 干预，阻碍introduction to 引言，介绍，入门memorial to sth 引进(物)invitation to 邀请investment in sth 投资loyalty to sb/sth 忠诚memorial to sb/sth 纪念碑obstacle to sth 纪念碑objection to sth 反对opponent of sth ...的障碍opponent at /in sth 对手patience with 反对者passion for 对...的强烈爱好，热爱precaution against 耐心pity for sb/sth 可怜，怜悯preference for sth 预防，防范preface to ...的前言preparation for 偏爱preference to sth 优先proposal for sth 准备prejudice against/ 对...的偏见，偏重preparation for 建议protection for sb 保护protest against sth 抗议against sth provision for/against 准备pull at/on sth 拉，拖ratio of sth to sth 比率reaction to 对...的反响reason for 原因，理由reference to 提及，参考regard for 对...的注意，尊重remedy for 补救，解决reply to sb/sth 对...的答复reputation for 名声，名气request for sth 要求research on/into 对...的研究，调查resistance to 对...的抵抗，阻力response to 对...的答复，反响responsibility for 责任，负责restrainst on sb/sth 限制，约束search for 对...的搜寻service to 效劳，奉献similarity between ...的相似之处skill at 技巧，熟练solution to ...的解决方法sorrow at/for/over 悲哀，悲哀stress on 对...的强调大论坛supplement to sth 补充，增刊sympathy for 对...的同情sympathy with 对...的赞同taste for 对...的爱好，喜爱taste in 对...的审美能力tendency to sth 趋向，趋势trust in 对...的信赖，信任wish for 欲望，愿望。

初中英语中常见的介词用法总结

初中英语中常见的介词用法总结Prepositions are an essential part of the English language and play a significant role in conveying meaning and relationships in sentences. For middle school students learning English, mastering the usage of prepositions can be challenging. In this article, we will explore common prepositions in the context of middle school English grammar.1. Prepositions of Place:Prepositions of place describe the location or position of an object. Common prepositions of place include "in," "on," and "at."- "In" is used when something is physically inside a place, such as "in the classroom" or "in the park."- "On" is used when something is in contact with a surface, like "on the table" or "on a book."- "At" is used when referring to a specific point or location, such as "at school" or "at the bus stop."2. Prepositions of Time:Prepositions of time refer to the time or period of an action or event. Common prepositions of time include "at," "in," and "on."- "At" is used for precise points in time, such as "at 3 o'clock" or "at noon."- "In" is used for longer periods, such as "in May" or "in summer."- "On" is used for specific dates or days, like "on Monday" or "on July 1st."3. Prepositions of Movement:Prepositions of movement describe the direction or movement of an object or person. Common prepositions of movement include "to," "from," and "into."- "To" indicates movement towards a specific destination, such as "go to the store" or "run to the park."- "From" indicates movement away or starting point, like "come from home" or "travel from the airport."- "Into" indicates movement towards the inside of something, such as "jump into the pool" or "walk into the room."4. Prepositions in Phrasal Verbs:Phrasal verbs are combinations of verbs and prepositions that create a unique meaning. Some common phrasal verbs include "look up," "turn off," and "get on."- "Look up" means to search for information, like "look up a word in the dictionary."- "Turn off" means to switch something off, such as "turn off the lights."- "Get on" means to enter a vehicle or board something, like "get on the bus."5. Prepositions of Cause and Effect:Prepositions of cause and effect describe the relationship between two events or actions. Common prepositions of cause and effect include "because of," "due to," and "resulting from."- "Because of" indicates the reason for something, such as "he couldn't come because of the rain."- "Due to" is used to explain the cause of something, like "the game was canceled due to bad weather."- "Resulting from" shows the consequence of an action, such as "the accident resulted from reckless driving."6. Prepositions of Comparison:Prepositions of comparison are used to compare two things or objects. Common prepositions of comparison include "like," "as," and "than."- "Like" is used to show similarity, such as "he runs like a cheetah."- "As" is used to compare actions or characteristics, like "she is as smart as her sister."- "Than" is used to make comparisons between two objects, such as "he is taller than his brother."Understanding the usage of prepositions is essential for effective communication in English. By mastering these common prepositions, middle school students can improve their sentence structure and meaning. Practice using prepositions in various contexts to strengthen your understanding and become more confident in your English skills.。

如何准确运用介词

如何准确运用介词介词（Preposition）是英语语法中重要的一部分，用于在句子中表示关系、位置、方向等。

准确运用介词可以帮助我们更准确地表达自己的意思，避免语言上的歧义。

在本文中，将探讨如何准确运用介词，并提供一些实用的例句来帮助读者更好地理解。

一、了解介词的基本用法在准确运用介词之前，首先需要了解介词的基本用法。

介词通常用来连接名词、代词、动词等与其他词或短语之间的关系。

比如，在表示位置关系时，常用的介词有in、on、at等；在表示时间关系时，常用的介词有at、in、on、since、for等。

二、掌握常用介词的正确用法1. 在表示位置关系时，一些常用的介词用法如下：- 在某个地方：in（在某个大区域内）、on（在某个表面上）、at（在某个具体位置上）。

例句：She lives in a house.（她住在一所房子里。

）The book is on the table.（这本书在桌子上。

）He is waiting at the bus stop.（他在公交车站等候。

）- 在某个方向：to（表示运动的目的地）、from（表示起点）、into （进入某个空间）。

例句：I am going to the cinema.（我要去电影院。

）He came from China.（他来自中国。

）The cat jumped into the box.（猫跳进了盒子里。

）2. 在表示时间关系时，一些常用的介词用法如下：- 具体时间点：at（用于具体的时钟时间，如at 8 o'clock）、on（用于具体的日期，如on Monday）、in（用于时间段或月份，如in the morning、in September）。

例句：I will meet you at 9 o'clock.（我会在9点钟见你。

）We have a meeting on Monday.（我们周一有个会议。

）She usually goes to bed early in the morning.（她通常早上早早就睡觉了。

介词用法大全

介词用法大全介词preposition缩写prep.，又叫前置词，表示其后的名词或代词(或是相当于名词的其他短语或从句)与其他句子成分的关系。

介词是一种虚词，不能单独在句中作成分。

口诀1：年月周前要用in，日子前面却不行。

遇到几号要用on，上午下午又是in。

要说某日上下午，用on换in才能行。

午夜黄昏用at，黎明用它也不借。

at也在时分前，说“差”用to，说“过”要用part。

口诀2：in在……里，out在……外，在旁边的是XXX，靠近的为by。

on在……上，under在……下，above在上头，below在底下。

介词preposition缩写prep.，又叫前置词，表示其后的名词或代词(或是相当于名词的其他短语或从句)与其他句子成分的关系。

介词是一种虚词，不能单独在句中作成分。

介词的用法1、表示时间的(at、on、in、at、before，after、by、until、through、from、since、within)(1)at：用于表示时刻，时间的某一点。

XXX在中午XXX在夜间XXX目前(2)on：用于星期，某天，某一天的上午、下午、晚上(指具体的某一天时，一律用) onsunday在星期天XXX在星期天的上午on march 8在3月8日(3)in：用于透露表现周、月、季候、年、泛指上午、下午、清晨。

in 1999在1999年XXX在11月份in summer在夏季in XXX在下午i think he will be back in an hour。

我想他一小时后就会回来。

i heard that she would be back in a month.我听说她一个月后回来的。

by the time i arrived，she had already gone。

在我到达之前，她已经走了。

XXX-four hours without rest。

XXX常常工作24小时而不休息。

during the lifetime of one man，XXX。

初中英语介词用法总结.docx

初中英语介词用法总结介 (preposition) ：也叫前置。

在英里，它的搭配能力最。

但不能独做句子成分需要和名或代（或相当于名的其他、短及从句）构成介短，才能在句中充当成分。

介词是一种虚词，不能独立充当句子成分，需与动词、形容词和名词搭配，才能在句子中充当成分。

介词是用于名词或代词之前，表示词与词之间关系的词类，介词常与动词、形容词和名词搭配表示不同意义。

介词短语中介词后接名词、代词或可以替代名词的词（如：动名词v-ing ）.介词后的代词永远为宾格形式。

介的种：（1）介： about, across, after, against, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beside,but, by, down, during, for, from, in, of, on, over, near, round, since, to, under,up, with 等等。

（2）合成介： inside, into, outside, throughout, upon, without, within（3）短介： according to, along with, apart from, because of, in front of, in spite of, instead of, owing to, up to, with reguard to（4）分介： considering, reguarding, including, concerning介短：构成介 +名We go to school from Monday to Saturday.介 +代Could you look for it instead of me?介 +名He insisted on staying home.介 +接代 / 副I was thinking of how we could get there.介 +不定式 / 从句He gives us some advice on how to finish it.介的用法：一、介to 的常用法1.+toa)+ toadjust to 适 ,attend to 理；照料 ,agree to 同 ,amount to 加起来达⋯，belong to 属于 ,come to 达到 ,drink to ⋯干杯，get to 到达 ,happen to 生在某人身上,hold to 握 ,lead to 通向 ,listen to 听 ,occur to 想起 ,object to 反 ,point to 指向 ,respond to 回答 ,refer to 参考；指的是⋯；涉及,reply to 回答 ,see to,stick to 持 ,turn to 求助 ,write to 某人写信。

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PREPOSITIONAL VERBS ANDVERBSPHRASALINTRODUCTIONMany English verbs consist of two parts: a base verb (like bring, take, come) and another small word (like up, down, off, away). The small word is either a preposition or an adverb particle.In some cases, the meaning of a two-part verb is simply a combination of the meanings of the two words. Examples are come in, run away, walk across, sit on.In some cases, the first word keeps its meaning, but the second has a special intensifying sense. It means something like completely or thoroughly. Examples: break up, tire out.In other cases, the new two-part verb has quite a different meaning from the two separate parts: give up means surrender, and blow up means explode.VERBSPREPOSITIONALThere are a very large number of combinations of verb+preposition. Prepositions always have objects:Please look after the children.I've fallen for you in a big way.In English, the preposition does not always come before its object; in certain kinds of sentence, it can come at the end of the clause: What are you talking about?Prepositional verbs are those which accept the passive and/or the pronominal question, but not the adverbial question form.VERBSPHRASALWhen a verb is used with an adverb particle the combination is called a phrasal verb.There are a very large number of these in English. The meaning of a phrasal verb is often verydifferent from the meanings of the two words taken separately. In order to understand the meaning of a phrasal verb, you may have to refer to the dictionary. Phrasal verbs can be intransitive (not followed by a direct object) or transitive (followed by a direct object).Examples.break down (transitive)1get up (transitive)sit down (transitive)turn up (transitive)Intransitives:bring something up (=mention it)kick somebody out (=expel him)put something off (=postpone it)throw something away (=accommodate him)turn something down (=refuse it).When a phrasal verb has a direct object, the two parts of the verb can usually be separated: the adverb particle can be put before or after the object.We'll have to put off the party/put the party off.Why don't you throw away that stupid hat/throw that stupid hat away?Could you put up my sister/put my sister up for three nights?However, when the object is a pronoun, the adverb particle can only go after the object: We'll have to put it off.Could you put her up?Phrasal and prepositional verbs display certain phonological and syntactic differences.1. Phonological differences. The particle in phrasal verbs is normally stressed and, in finalposition, bears the nuclear tone, whereas the particle of a prepositional verb is normallyunstressed and has the "tail" of the nuclear tone on the lexical verb:He called 'up the man The man was called ÙPHe 'called on the man The man was CÀLLED on.2. Syntactic differences. A syntactic difference is that the particle of a phrasal verb canoften stand either before or after the noun, whereas it can only stand after a personalpronouns as it can be stated above.VERBSPHRASAL-PREPOSITIONALThere are a few verbs which consist of three parts: a base verb, an adverb particle and a preposition: to get on with, to put up with, to check up on. These look complicated, but in fact,they are used in the same way as any other prepositional verb. For example, to get on with2follows the same rules as to go with. Compare:I get on well with Jill.I often go to the theatre with Jill.He's difficult to put up with.He's difficult to work with.IS THE VERB A PHRASAL/PREPOSITIONAL VERB OR NOT?SEMANTIC CRITERIA FOR PHRASAL/PREPOSITIONAL VERBS.The semantic unity in phrasal and prepositional verbs can often be manifested by substitution with a single-word verbs, for example: visit for call on, summon for call up, omit forleave out, see for look at, etc.Furthermore, phrasal and prepositional verbs often have composite meanings which are not normally deducible from their parts, for example, make out (understand), take in (deceive),come by (obtain). The terms phrasal and prepositional verbs are not, however, restricted to suchidiomatic combinations. We can distinguish three subclasses:a. The verb and the particle keep their individual lexical meanings, as in look over (inspect),set up (organize). The individuality of the components appears in possible contrastivesubstitutions: bring in/out, take in/out, turn on/off, switch on/off.b. The verb alone keeps its basic lexical meaning and the particle has an intensifyingfunction: find out (discover). sweep (up) the crumbs, spread (out) the rug.c. The verb and the particle are fused into a new idiomatic combination, the meaning ofwhich is not deducible from its parts, for example, bring up (educate), come by (obtain),put off (postpone), turn up (appear), come in for (receive). In such combinations there isno possibility of contrastive substitution: there are no pairs such as bring up/down, putoff/on, give up/down, give in/out, etc for this subclass. The adverbial, lexical values ofthe particles have been lost, and the entire verb-particle combination has acquired a newmeaning.SYNTACTIC CRITERIA FOR PHRASAL/PREPOSITIONAL VERBS1. Passivization. The syntactic similarity of these verbs can be seen in their acceptance ofpassivization:The man was called up3The man was called onThe man was put up withIn the passive, these verbs behave identically with single-word transitive verbs (The man was called).2. Pronominal question form. The questions of these verbs are formed with who(m) forpersonal and with what for non-personal objects:Who(m) did John call up?What did John look for?3. Adverbial question form. The prepositional phrases of the second set have adverbialfunction, and have question forms with where, when, how, etc:Where did John call from?When did John call?.IS THE VERB A PHRASAL VERB OR A PREPOSITIONAL VERB?1. Phrasal verbs. We say that a verb is phrasal because the particle after it is an adverb. They adifferent to prepositional verbs because:1. The accent is on the particle, not on the verb.I'll put 'ON my trousers.2. If the complement is a pronoun, it cannot be placed after the particle.*I'll put on THEM.3. An adverb can't be placed between the verb and the particle.*I'll put CAREFULLY on my trousers.4. The particle cannot be placed before the relative pronoun.*The trousers ON which I put.5. The object (substantive) can be placed between the verb and the particle.I'll put MY TROUSERS on.6. The pronoun (object) must be placed between the verb and the particle.I'll put THEM on.2. Prepositional verbs. We say that a verb is prepositional when the particle is not an adverb but4a preposition.They can be distinguished from the phrasal verbs for the following reasons:1. The accent is on the verb, not on the particle.I'll 'LOOK after the children.2. If the object (substantive) is substituted by a pronoun, it must be placed after the particle.I'll look after THEM.3. It is grammatically acceptable to include an adverb between the verb and the particle.I'll look CAREFULLY after the children.4. The particle can be placed before a relative pronoun.These are the children AFTER WHOM I looked.PHRASAL VERBS SUMMARISEDPhrasal verbs can be summarised as follows:TYPE STRUCTURE EXAMPLES1 Verb+preposition We came across an old man.2 Verb+adverb particle Don't give in.Bring a child up/Bring up a child/Bring him up.3 Verb+object+adverb particle orVerb+adverb particle+object4 Verb+adverb particle+We've run out of breadpreposition.Type 1. VERB+PREPOSITION+NP: Prepositions are unstressed, unless otherwiseindicated, passive frequently used where an example of it is used. Examples:VERB MEANING EXAMPLEBe about (it)be doing it Please get me some stamps, and post these letters whileyou're about it.Break into enter (by force or for robbery) Thieves broke into the house last night. The house wasbroken into.Close with 1. approach so as to hold. 1. Two policemen closed with the hijacker and held by52. conclude a business deal the arms.2. I've sold my house. I closed with a buyer yesterday.Come a'cross 1. Find.2. Meet by chance. 1. If you should come across my sleepers, put them in the cupboard, will you?2. I came across a very strange man in the village today.Do with'out manage otherwise If there's no bread, we must do without it, that's all.Get at 1. mean2. criticise 1. What exactly are you getting at?2. Are you getting at me? Am I being got at?Get 'over recover from You've only got a slight cold. You'll get over it in a dayor two.Go for attack The dog suddenly went for me!Go 'into investigate The auditors have gone into our accounts and havefound a few serious mistakes. These must be gone intoimmediately.Jump at accept immediately It's an offer that you won't get again so I should jumpat it if I were you.Type 2. VERB+ADVERB PARTICLE. Particle always stressed, no passive.VERB MEANING EXAMPLEAnswer back argue after receiving an orderor rebuke.Do what I tell you and don't answer back.Back down become less aggressive Bullies often back down when you stand up to them.Bear up not give in to fatigue, sorrowetc. In spite of her grief, she bore up bravely throughout the ceremony.Break off stop (a meeting, speech) I suggest we break off now and meet again at threeo'clock.Carry on continue Don't stop, carry on.Catch up reduce the distance betweenoneself and those in front George is running forth but he's beginning to catch up (with the leaders)Clear up improve The clouds are drifting away and the weather isclearing up.Draw back step back Seeing the snake, he drew back in horror.Fall back retreat The defeated army fell back.6Fall through come to nothing I'm afraid our plans have fallen through. We'll have tothink again.Type 3. VERB+OBJECT+PARTICLE or VERB+PARTICLE+OBJECT. Particle stressed when it follows the object, passive freely used.VERB MEANING EXAMPLESBear out confirm The results of the experiment bear out your theory. Ithas been borne out by statistics.Break down 1. overcome2. analyse 1. Resistance was finally broken down.2. Can you break down these figures and let me have the details?Carry on continue Let us carry on the good work. Carry out fulfill Let us carry out our original plan.Cut off 1. stop (supplies)2. separate; or preventprogress 1. They will cut the electricity off if you don't pay the bill.2. The tanks advanced rapidly, cutting us off (from our base).Do up repair, redecorate Your car looks very smart. Has it been done up?Give up 1. surrender2. stop 1. I want your gun. Give it up.2. Why don't you give up smoking?Lay out 1. spread in an orderly way.2. knock down, perhapsunconsciously 1. A printed page is easy to read if you lay it out clearly.2. Bob, who knew how to box, , laid out his attacker with a quick blow to the chin.Look up look in a dictionary, catalogue,etc, for.Look that word up in the dictionary.Make out understand I can't make out what you've writtenType 4. VERB+PARTICLE+PREPOSITION+NP. Particle stressed.VERB MEANING EXAMPLESBack out of withdraw from You've signed an arrangement and you can't back outof it now.Be fed up with have had enough of I'm fed up with your nonsense. Please stop it.7Be up to be doing something wrong What are those boys doing? Are they up to mischief? Break in on interrupt I'm sorry, did I break in on a private conversation? Cut down on reduce consumption of You're smoking too much. You must cut down oncigarettes.Drop in on visit, see, drop in Drop in on me some time.Face up to be realistic You're too old. Why don't you face up to it?Fall in with agree to You can rely on me. I'll fall in with anything yousuggest.Get away with escape the penalty of Someone will find you out. You won't be able to getaway with it.Get on with 1. make progress with2. agree with 1. John is getting on with his mathematics nicely.2. They get on with each other very well.EXERCISES1. Decide which of the following are true. There is more than one correct answer in eachcase.1. If you use these verbs, you are talking about money:pay up, rattle through, club together, tamper with, settle up, splash out, shop around.2. If you use these verbs, you're talking about food or drink:opt out, dine out, drink to, dispose of, boil over, stock up, romp through.3. If you use these verbs, you are talking about sleep or rest:butt in, doze off, sit down, lie in, sit back, lash out, flake out.2. Try to find one phrasal verb in each group which is inappropriate.1. do up, take on, pack off, board up a flat.2. scale down, smooth over, think over, weed out, sort out, hush up a problem.3. rub out, colour in, cross out, pin up, piece together, tear up, doll up a picture.4. draw up, rush through, rule out, thrash out, frighten away, hammer out an argument.5. soak up, top up, wipe out, wipe away, hammer out a liquid.6. bail out, hunt down, fight off, shoot down, track down, smooth over a criminal.7. fill in, fill up, shoot down, tear up, tidy away a form.8. frighten away, warn off, throw out, fight off, add up an intruder.3. Rewrite the following sentences using ergative phrasal verbs.81. He woke her up. She2. He wakes his wife up at 8am. His wife3. They have closed down the old cinema. The old cinema4. They will check passengers in at 1.30. Passengers4. Put in the correct prepositions or adverbs.1. I don't care____________________the expense; I want the party to be a real success.2. I can't account____________________the disappearance of the pictures; they were allthere yesterday.3. If passports were done____________________(abolished), travel would be muchsimpler.4. You will have to allow____________________some extra expenses on the train.5. They set____________________on their camping trip with great enthusiasm.6. When you have thought____________________what I have said, you will understand.7. He doesn't care____________________continental cookery. He thinks it's too rich.8. The car pulled____________________beside me and the driver asked me the way toPiccadilly.9. You can throw____________________the packet; it's empty.10. They set____________________at six and reached their destination before dark.11. The doctor thinks he'll pull____________________now. His temperature has gonedown.12. I don't know how she manages to care____________________ten children withouthelp.13. My children are picking____________________English very quickly but I find it moredifficult.14. She fainted but they brought her____________________by throwing cold water on herface.15. The teacher pointed____________________several mistakes that the student had notcorrected.16. You need capital before you can set____________________on your own in any kind ofbusiness.17. He suddenly threw____________________his job and went to Australia.18. Don't make up your mind at once; talk it____________________with your lawyer first.19. The room needs doing____________________; it's very shabby.20. The factory will have to close down if production is notstepped____________________.21. His final argument brought me____________________to his point of view.22. We must get the roof mended before the wet weather sets____________________.23. I don't like the look of these men hanging____________________outside my gate.24. He picked____________________all the biggest ones for himself.25. You must carry____________________ the instructions on the packet exactly.926. After the music had died____________________there was a storm of applause.27. The mob burnt____________________several important buildings in the riots.28. The wearing of national costume has largely died____________________in Europe.29. These children are very polite; they have obviously been well brought____________________.30. She carried ____________________with her work in spite of all interruptions.5. Combinations with clear, cut, fall, hold, let and hand. Put the correct prepositions oradverbs.1. Clear____________________your books. I want to set the table for lunch.2. The army fell____________________when the enemy attacked.3. You should cut____________________this tree. It is too near the house.4. The examination was so easy that all the candidateshanded____________________their answer papers after the first hour.5. My plans for starting a restaurant fell____________________for lack of capital.6. Our water supply was cut____________________because the pipe burst.7. At the end of term attendance at these classes usually falls____________________.8. Mary has cut____________________all the pictures in this magazine; her mother willbe very angry.9. I hope the rain holds____________________until my washing is dry.10. They won't let you____________________if you aren't a member of the club.11. The mounted police cleared____________________the crowds.12. A heavy snowfall held____________________the trains from the north.13. If you really want to slim you must cut____________________on sweets.14. The two brothers fell____________________over their father's will.15. You would recover your sense of taste if you cut ____________________ smokingaltogether.16. If you will hold____________________I'll put you through to Enquiries.17. If he refuses to fall____________________my plans I can probably find someone moreco-operative.18. These folk songs have been handed____________________from generation togeneration.19. She has grown so much that her mother will have to let____________________all herdresses.20. Children, you must clear____________________this mess before going to bed.21. I was cut____________________in the middle of my call because I had no more moneyto put in the box.22. The burglar cleared____________________when he heard me coming downstairs.23. The retiring general handed____________________to his successor.24. I should feel very cut____________________if I lived more than twenty kilometresfrom the town.25. The soldiers fell____________________and marched off.1026. In the film the train, the train was held____________________and robbed by fourarmed men.27. The mystery of his sudden disappearance was never cleared____________________.28. He didn't dismiss the man; he let him____________________with a warning.29. I hope the weather will clear____________________soon. I want to go out.30. He let the rest of the team____________________by not turning up for the match.31. Deaf people often feel very cut____________________from others by their disability.32. When she got fatter her clothes were too tight and she had to let them all____________________.33. I'd like Jones to have the job, but if he doesn't accept we'll have to fall____________________a less experienced man.34. The survivors of the plane crash were able to hold____________________till helpcame.35. Could you hand____________________the photographs so that everyone can seethem?36. You'll need somewhere to keep your books. I'll clear____________________thiscupboard for you.ACTIVITIESOTHERVictoria CollegeWomen's ResidenceUniversity of Toronto.Toronto, OntarioDecember 7th., 1983 Dear mother and dad,It has been three month since I left for college. I have been remiss in writing, and I very sorry for my thoughtlessness in not having written before. I will bring you up to date now. But,before you read, please sit down. OK?11well now. The skull fracture and theconcussion I got when I jumped out of thewindow of my dormitory when it caughtfire shortly after my arrival are pretty wellhealed now. I only spent two weeks in thehospital, and now I can see almost normallyand get those sickly headaches only once ina while.dormitory and my jump were witnessed byan attendant at the gas station near the dorm,and he was the one who called the firedepartment and the ambulance. He alsovisited me at the hospital, and since I hadnowhere to live because of the burned outdorm, he was kind enough to invite me to share his apartment with him. It is really a basementroom, but it's kind of cute. He is a very fine boy and we have fallen deeply in love and areplanning to get married. We haven't set the date yet, but it will be before my pregnancy beginsto show.Yes, mother and dad, I am pregnant. I know how much you are looking forward to being grandparents, and I know you will welcome the baby and give it the same love and devotion andtender care that you gave me when I was a child. The reason for the delay in our marriage is thatmy boyfriend has some minor infection which prevents us from passing our premarital bloodtests, and I carelessly caught it from him. This will soon clear up with the penicillin injectionsI am now taking daily.I know you will welcome him into our family with open arms. He is kind, and althoughnot well-educated, he is ambitious. Although he is of a different race and religion than ours, Iknow your often expressed tolerance will not permit you to be bothered by these facts.Now that I have brought you up to date, I want to tell you that there was no dormitory fire, I did not have a concussion or a skull fracture, I was not in hospital, I am not pregnant, I amnot engaged, I do not have syphilis, and there is no one in my life. However, I am getting a D inHistory and an F in Science, and I wanted you to see these marks in their proper perspective.Your loving daughter,Edna.QUESTIONS1. Tell the letter in about 80 words.2. Where is the girl from?3. Where does she study?4. What marks has she got in History and Science?125. Why does she tell lies to her family?6. Would you do the same? Why?7. Vocabulary:Skull:Concussion:Bloodtest:Dormitory:Snow White and the Seven Vertically challenged Folk HER 'DWARFS' MAY UPSET SHORTIESSAYS DAFT COUNCILRoll up, roll up, for a fun-filled, production of Snow White. But don't care mention the word dwarf. It's so much nicer to say seven "vertically challenged" chums.Dopey councillors, you see, think the word dwarf could make the little people a bit grumpy.They want the Christmas panto at Hull's New Theatre changed from Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs to just plain snow White.KilljoysLiberal Democrat Andrew Meadowcroft insisted: "This would ensure that those suffering from the disease are not offended."But Hull comedian Norman Collier described councillors on the cultural committee as a "bunch of killjoys."He said: "Whatever will they do next? Will the giant in Jack And The Beanstalk be the next to go because he is too tall? And then they will be saying Snow White is racist and Humpty Dumpy too fat."I really don't know what is happening to our sense of humour."Kids will have nothing to laugh at soon."QUESTIONS1. Where did the event happen?2. Who wanted to omit the word dwarf?3. What season was it?4. What is your opinion about this fact? (60 words)5. Vocabulary:Disease: Committee:Suffer:Bunch:Killjoy:13。