homework02
homework2
ExercisesPart one1. What is acoustic phonetics? [人大2003研]【答案】Acoustic phonetics is a technical area of linguistics. It is the study of sound waves made by the human vocal organs for communication.2. Auditory phonetics studies how sounds are perceived by the speaker.[清华2001研]【答案】FPart two:一、术语解释IPA [南开大学2004研]【答案】IPA: the abbreviation of International Phonetic Alphabet, which is devised by the International Phonetic Association in 1888. IPA is a set of symbols which can be used to represent the phones and phonemes of natural languages.二、简答题What are the three parts of the vocal organs (3 points)? [清华2001研]【答案】The pharynx, the mouth and the nose are the three parts of the vocal organs.三、论述题Is English a language that uses a phonetic alphabet system? Explain briefly why or why not with examples. (15 points) [北外2004研] 【答案】The Phonetic Alphabet is a system of letters and symbols that are used to represent the individual sounds of a language. English is a language that uses a phonetic alphabet system because it is a phonographic language by nature. There are mainly three types of language concerning its writing system: ideographic language which uses symbols (ideograms) to represent whole words or concepts (ideas), with Chinese as an example; syllabic language in which words or concepts are represented by syllable, with Japanese syllabic system as an example; phonographic language which uses special alphabetic or other typographical characters to express the sounds of an actual spoken utterance in writing, with many European languages as examples. English uses alphabetic script to represent certain single type sound. For example, the sound which is written as sh in English can be expressed by symbol [∫], as in ship; and the sound that is written as c can be expressed by the symbol of [k], as in cup.四、选择题Of the three cavities, is the most variable and active in amplifying and modifying speech sounds. [北京第二外国语学院2004研]A. nasal cavityB. pharynx cavityC. oral cavity【答案】C五、判断正误1. When the vocal folds are apart, the air can pass through easily and the sound produced is said to be voiced. [大连外国语学院2008研] 【答案】F2. Of the three cavities, pharynx cavity is the most variable and active in amplifying and modifying speech sounds. [北京第二外国语学院2007研]【答案】FPart three一、术语解释1. Cardinal vowel [四川大学2006研，大连外国语学院2008研] 【答案】The cardinal vowels are a set of vowel qualities arbitrarily defined, fixed and unchanging, intended to provide a frame of reference for the description of the actual vowels of existing languages.2. Glottal Stop [四川大学2006研]【答案】V ocal tract is composed of oral cavity, nasal cavity and pharynx. When the vocal folds are totally closed, no air can pass between them. The result of this gesture is the glottal stop.3. Bilabial consonant [四川大学2007研]【答案】Bilabial consonants refer to consonants which are made with the two lips.4. V oiceless [西安交通大学2008研]【答案】When the vocal folds are apart, the air can pass through easily and the sound produced is said to be voiceless. For example, consonants [p, s, t] are produced this way, so they are voiceless consonants. “V oiceless”is defined in contrast with “voiced”. Consonants [b, z, d] are voiced consonants.二、简答题1. Mention a labiodental sound in English. Tell what speech organs are involved in producing labiodental sounds. (4 points) [北京第二外国语学院2007研]【答案】/f/ (or /v/), the upper front teeth and the lower lip are involved.2. What are the differences between voiced sounds and voiceless sounds in terms of articulation? [南开大学2004研]【答案】When the vocal cords are spread apart, the air from the lungs passes between them unimpeded. Sounds produced in this way are described as voiceless. Consonants [p, s, t] are produced in this way. When the vocal cords are drawn together, the air from the lungs repeatedly push them apart as it passes through, creating a vibration effect. Sounds produced in this way are described as voiced. [b, z, d] arevoiced consonants.三、选择题1. Of the consonants /p/, /t/, /k/, /f/, /m/, /z/ and /g/, which has the features of voiceless and velar? [对外经济贸易大学2005研]A. /k/B. /p/C. /g/D. /t/【答案】A2. The vowel is a low back vowel. [西安外国语学院2006研]A. /i:/B. /u/C. /æ/D. /a:/【答案】D3. Point out which item does not fall under the same category as the rest, and explain the reason in ONE sentence. [南京大学2008研] A. /f/ B. /z/ C. /v/ D. /k/ [Focus on manner of articulation]【答案】D (Reason: A, B and C are fricatives, but D is a plosive.)五、填空题1. Consonant articulations are relatively easy to feel, and as a result are most conveniently described in terms of place and of articulation. [北京第二外国语学院2008研]【答案】manner2. are produced by constricting or obstructing the vocal tract at some place to divert, impede, or completely shut off the flowof air in the oral cavity. [中山大学2006研]【答案】consonants六、判断正误1. Bilabial consonant is produced when the obstruction is partial and the air is forced through a narrow passage. [对外经济贸易大学2006研]【答案】F2. The sound segments are grouped into consonants and vowels. [大连外国语学院2008研]【答案】T七、音标题Work out the distinctive features of the following sounds. (10%)[南开大学2007研]1.[t h]2.[w]3.[v]4.[ð]5.[l]【答案】1. [t h] aspirated voiceless alveolar stop2. [w] voiced bilabial approximant3. [v] voiced labio-dental fricative4. [ð] voiced dental fricative5. [l] voiced alveolar lateral一、术语解释1. Phoneme [人大2006研，浙江大学2005研，上海交通大学2007研]【答案】Phoneme refers to the abstract element of sound, identified as being distinctive in a particular language. For example, in English, /p/ is described as a phoneme.2. Minimal pairs [武汉大学2005研，浙江大学2004研，四川大学2007研，上海交通大学2006研，北京航空航天大学2008研，北京第二外国语学院2006研]【答案】Two words which are identical in every way except for one sound segment that occurs in the same place in the string. For example, the English words bear and pear constitute a minimal pair as they differ in meaning and in their initial phonemes /b/ and /p/. 3. Free variation [武汉大学2004研]【答案】Free variation is the interchangeable relationship between two phones, in which the phones may substitute for one another in the same environment without causing a change in meaning. For example, the final consonant of cup may not be released by some speakers so there is no audible sound at the end of this word. In this case, it is the same word pronounced in two different ways : [kʰʌpʰ]and [kʰʌp] (The diacritic “┐”indicates “no audible release ” in IPA symbols.)4. Allophone [四川大学2008研，北京交通大学2007研]【答案】Allophone refers to variants of the same phoneme, which are in complementary distribution and bear phonetic similarity.5. Coarticulation[武汉大学2008研，四川大学2006研，南开大学2007研]【答案】Coarticulation refers to the phenomenon that sounds continually show the influence of their neighbors. For example, in lamb, when a is followed by m, the velum will begin to lower itself during the articulation of a so that it is ready for the following nasal. When such simultaneous or overlapping articulations are involved, we call the process coarticulation. If the sound becomes more like the following sound, it is known as anticipatory coarticulation. If the sound displays the influence of the preceding sound, it is perseverative coarticulation.6. Broad and narrow transcription [中山大学2006研]【答案】When we use a simple set of symbols in our transcription, it is called a BROAD TRANSCRIPTION. And the use of more specific symbols to show more phonetic detail is referred to as a NARROW TRANSCRIPTION. Both are phonetic transcriptions so we put both forms in square brackets [ ].7. Complementary distribution [武汉大学2008研，南开大学2007研]【答案】When two sounds never occur in the same environment, they are in complementary distribution. For example, the aspirated English stops never occur after [s], and the unaspirated ones never occur initially. Allophones of the same phoneme are usually in complementary distribution. The allophones of /p/, for instance, are also in complementary distribution. The unaspirated [p] occurs after /s/, while the aspirated [ph] occurs in all other environments except after /s/.二、论述题What are phonemes, phones and allophones? Explain their relationship with examples from English or Chinese. (15 points) [北外2005研]【答案】A phoneme is a minimally distinctive set of sounds in a language that can signal a difference in meaning. It is an abstract phonological unit represented or realized by a certain phone in a particular phonetic context. A phone is an individual phonetic unit or segment that occurs in speech. The speech sounds we hear and produce during linguistic communication are all phones. Each of the set of phones which correspond to a single phoneme of a language is called an allophone. Phonemes are placed between slant lines (/ /)and phones are placed between square brackets ([ ]). Allophones of the same phoneme generally occur in different contexts and never distinguish one word from another. For example, when we pronounce the two words peak and speak, we are aware that the sound [p] is pronounced differently, in the word peak, it is pronounced with a strong puff of air stream; but the same stop sound is pronounced slightly differently in the word speak, where the puff of air is withheld a little. The [p] sound in peak is called an aspirated [ph] and the [p] sound in speak is an unaspirated [p]. There is a slight difference in the way they are pronounced, but such a difference does not give rise to difference in meaning. So /p/ is a phoneme in the English sound system, and it can be realized differently as aspirated or unaspirated in different contexts. The phoneme /p/ in English can be realized as aspirated [ph] and unaspirated [p], which are allophones of the phoneme /p/.三、选择题1. Which of the following is true of an allophone? [对外经济贸易大学2005研]A. A phone can be the allophone of all English vowel phonemes.B. There are no restrictions on the distribution of an allophone.C. There is no possibility of an allophone becoming a phoneme.D. An allophone changes the meaning of the word.【答案】C2. Which of the following CANNOT be considered as minimal pair? [大连外国语学院2008研]A. /ai/-/ɔi/B. /p/-/b/C. /s/-/θ/【答案】C3. Point out which item does not fall under the same category as the rest, and explain the reason in ONE sentence. [南京大学2007研] A. resolution B. resident C. restart D. resignation [Focus on the pronunciation of “s”]【答案】C ( Reason: in A, B, D, “s”are all pronounced as [z], while in C “s”is pronounced as [s].)四、填空题transcription should transcribe all the possible speech sounds, including the minute shades.[北京第二外国语学院2004研]【答案】narrow五、判断正误1. A phoneme in one language or one dialect may be an allophone in another language or dialect. [清华2000研，清华2001研] 【答案】T2. Broad Transcription is intended to symbolize all the possible speech sounds, including the minute shades. [北京第二外国语学院2003研]【答案】F3. Phonetic similarity means that the allophones of a phoneme must bear some morphological resemblance. [大连外国语学院2008研]【答案】F补充：此题型还常考free variation和complementary distribution，phone和phoneme的区别。
homework怎么读
homework怎么读
“Homework”是一个由两个单词组成的复合词，发音为/ˈhəʊmwɝk/（英式发音）或/ˈhoʊmwərk/（美式发音）。
这个单词由“Home”和“Work”两个部分组成，分别读作/ˈhəʊm/和/wɝk/或/ˈhoʊm/和/wərk/。
在发音时，注意将重音放在第一个音节“Home”上，并保持每个音节的清晰和准确。
同时，要注意“Home”和“Work”之间的过渡要自然流畅，不要停顿或割裂。
另外，要注意在“Work”的结尾处，英式发音中有一个轻微的/r/音，而美式发音则没有这个音。
为了正确掌握“Homework”的发音，可以多听英语母语者的发音示范，并尝试模仿他们的发音。
此外，也可以利用在线发音工具或手机应用程序来辅助练习发音。
“Homework”通常指的是学生在家里完成的作业或学习任务。
对于学生来说，掌握这个单词的正确发音非常重要，因为它是他们日常生活中经常使用的词汇之一。
通过正确的发音和频繁的使用，学生可以更好地理解和完成家庭作业，提高学习效率和成绩。
Homework 2(A)
Macroeconomics Homework Assignment2Due on Oct16,Week71.(25marks)Suppose that the money demand function takes the form(M/P)d=L(i,Y)=Y 5i(a)If output grows at rate g,at what rate will the demand for real balances grow (assuming constant nominal interest rates)?(b)What is the velocity of money in this economy?(c)If inflation and nominal interest rates are constant,at what rate,if any,will velocity grow?(d)How will a permanent(once-and-for-all)increase in the level of interest rates affect the level of velocity?How will it affect the subsequent growth rate of velocity?Answers:(a)(6marks)If output Y grows at rate g,then real money balances(M/P)d must also grow at rate g,given that the nominal interest rate i is a constant.(b)(7marks)According to the quantity equation MV=P Y,the velocity ofmoney:V=YM/P=YY/5i=5i.(c)(6marks)If the nominal interest rate is constant,then the velocity of money must be constant.(d)(6marks)A one-time increase in the nominal interest rate will cause a one-time increase in the velocity of money.There will be no further changes in the velocity of money.2.(25marks)Suppose that consumption depends on the level of real money balances(on the grounds that real money balances are part of wealth).Show that if real money balances depend on the nominal interest rate,then an increase in the rate of money growth affects consumption,investment,and the real interest rate. Does the nominal interest rate adjust more than one-for-one or less than one-for-one to expected inflation?This deviation from the classical dichotomy and the Fisher effect is called the Mundell-Tobin effect.How might you decide whether the Mundell-Tobin effect is important in practice?Answers:An increase in the rate of money growth leads to an increase in the rate of inflation.Inflation,in turn,causes the nominal interest rate to rise,which means1Macroeconomics Homework Assignment2Due on Oct16,Week7 that the opportunity cost of holding money increases.As a result,real money balances fall.Since money is part of wealth,real wealth also falls.A fall in wealth reduces consumption,and,therefore,increases saving.The increase in saving leads to a rightward shift of the saving schedule,as in Figure2.This leads to a lower real interest rate and an increase in the level of investment.Figure2The classical dichotomy states that a change in a nominal variable such as inflation does not affect real variables.In this case,the classical dichotomy does not hold;the increase in the rate of inflation leads to a decrease in the real interest rate.The Fisher effect states that i=r+π.In this case,since the real interest rate r falls,a1percent increase in inflation increases the nominal interest rate i by less than1percent.Most economists believe that this Mundell-Tobin effect is not important be-cause real money balances are a small fraction of wealth.Hence,the impact on saving as illustrated in Figure2is small.3.(25marks)Use the model of the small open economy and drawfigures to predict what would happen to the trade balance,the real exchange rate,and the nominal exchange rate in response to each of the following events.(a)A fall in consumer confidence about the future induces consumers to spend less and save more.(b)The introduction of a stylish line of Toyotas makes some consumers prefer foreign cars over domestic cars.2Macroeconomics Homework Assignment2Due on Oct16,Week7(c)The introduction of automatic teller machines(ATM)reduces the demand for money.Answers:(a)(8marks)An increase in saving shifts the(S−I)schedule to the right, increasing the supply of dollars available to be invested abroad,as in Figure3(a). The increased supply of dollars causes the equilibrium real exchange rate to fall fromϵ1toϵ2.Because the dollar becomes less valuable,domestic goods become less expensive relative to foreign goods,so exports rise and imports fall.This means that the trade balance increases.The nominal exchange rate falls following the movement of the real exchange rate,because prices do not change in response to this shock.Figure3(a)(b)(8marks)The introduction of a stylish line of Toyotas that makes some consumers prefer foreign cars over domestic cars has no effect on saving or invest-ment,but it shifts the NX(ϵ)schedule inward,as in Figure3(b).The trade balance does not change,but the real exchange rate falls fromϵ1toϵ2.Because prices are not affected,the nominal exchange rate follows the real exchange rate.3Macroeconomics Homework Assignment2Due on Oct16,Week7Figure3(b)(c)(9marks)In the model we considered in this lecture,the introduction of ATMs has no effect on any real variables.The amounts of capital and labor de-termine output¯Y.The world interest rate r determines investment I(r∗).The dif-ference between domestic saving and domestic investment(S−I)determines net exports.Finally,the intersection of the NX(ϵ)schedule and the(S−I)schedule determines the real exchange rate,as in Figure3(c).Figure3(c)The introduction of ATMs,by reducing money demand,does affect the nom-inal exchange rate through its effect on the velocity and hence the domestic price4Macroeconomics Homework Assignment2Due on Oct16,Week7 level.The price level adjusts to equilibrate the demand and supply of real balances, so that M/P=(M/P)d.If M isfixed,then a fall in(M/P)d causes an increase in the price level:this reduces the supply of real balances M/P and restores equilibrium in the money market.Now recall the formula for the nominal exchange rate:e=ϵ(P∗/P).We know that the real exchange rate remains constant,and we assume that the foreign price level P∗isfixed.When the domestic price level P increases,the nominal exchange rate e depreciates.4.(25marks)You read in a newspaper that the nominal interest rate is12 percent per year in Canada and8percent per year in the United States.Suppose that the real interest rates are equalized in the two countries and that purchasing-power parity holds.(a)Using the Fisher equation(discussed in Chapter4),what can you infer about expected inflation in Canada and in the United States?(b)What can you infer about the expected change in the exchange rate between the Canadian dollar and the U.S.dollar?(c)A friend proposes a get-rich-quick scheme:borrow from a U.S.bank at8 percent,deposit the money in a Canadian bank at12percent,and make a4percent profit.Whats wrong with this scheme?Answers:(a)(8marks)According to the Fisher equation i=r+πe,the expected inflation rates in US and Canada are:πe Can=12−r;πe US=8−r.Since the real interest rate r is the same in both countries,we have:πe Can−πe US=4.(b)(8marks)The nominal exchange rate is e=ϵ×(P Can/P US),thus we can write the change in nominal exchange rate as:%change in e=%change inϵ+(πCan−πUS).If purchasing-power parity holds,then a dollar must have the same purchas-ing power in every country.This implies that the percent change in the real ex-change rateϵis zero because purchasing-power parity implies that the real ex-change rate isfixed.Thus,changes in the nominal exchange rate result from differ-ences in the inflation rates in the United States and Canada.Because people know5Macroeconomics Homework Assignment2Due on Oct16,Week7 that purchasing-power parity holds,they expect this relationship to hold.In other words,the expected change in the nominal exchange rate equals the expected in-flation rate in Canada minus the expected inflation rate in the United States,which according to part(a),is4percent.Expected%change in e=(πCan−πUS)=4.(c)(9marks)The problem with this scheme is that it does not take into account the change in the nominal exchange rate e between the U.S.and Canadian dol-lars.Given that the real interest rate isfixed and identical in the United States and Canada,and given purchasing-power parity,we know that the difference in nom-inal interest rates accounts for the expected change in the nominal exchange rate between U.S.and Canadian dollars.In this example,the Canadian nominal inter-est rate is12percent,while the U.S.nominal interest rate is8percent.We con-clude from this that the expected change in the nominal exchange rate is4percent. Therefore,e this year=1C$/US$;e next year=1.04C$/US$.Assume that your friend borrows1U.S.dollar from an American bank at8 percent,exchanges it for1Canadian dollar,and puts it in a Canadian Bank.At the end of the year your friend will have$1.12in Canadian dollars.But to repay the American bank,the Canadian dollars must be converted back into U.S.dollars. The$1.12(Canadian)becomes$1.08(American),which is the amount owed to the U.S.bank.So in the end,your friend breaks even.In fact,after paying for transaction costs,your friend loses money.6。
homework 2
南京，她有层出不穷的风流人物和彪炳千秋的不朽业绩。
大都会特有的凝聚力，吸引了无数风云人物、仁人志士在这里角逐争雄，一逞豪彦。
巍巍中山、滚滚长江养育了他们，为他们提供了施展抱负的舞台，他们也以自己的雄才大略、聪明智慧为中华民族的灿烂文明增添了流光溢彩的新篇章。
傅茂竹：Great men and immortal achievements emerged endlessly in Nanjing. A great number of famous persons and people with lofty ideals entered into rivalry to show their ability here because the cohesion of metropolis. The towering Zhongshan and the billowing Yangtze River nurtured them and provided them with stage for fulfilling their dreams. Their bold strategy and sagacity added a brightest chapter for our Chinese civilization.高娟霞：Nanjing, she has endless romantic characters and immortal performance to shine forever. As a Metropolitan, whose proper cohesion, attracted numerous person of the hour and lofty ideals here to compete for supremacy. And they, raised by lofty Zhongshan as well as the rolling Yangtze river, providing a stage for realizing their aspirations, also added a gleaming new chapter with their own outstanding ability and wisdom for the Chinese nation splendid civilization.综合：Great men and immortal achievements emerged endlessly in Nanjing. Attracted by her cohesion, a great number of famous persons and people with lofty ideals entered into rivalry to give play to their genius and virtues. The towering Zhongshan and the billowing Yangtze River nurtured them and provided them with a stage for realizing their aspirations. Furthermore, their own outstanding ability and wisdom added a gleaming new chapter for the Chinese nation splendid civilization.。
homework2
词组1. I had a very bad day at the office, so tonight I don’t __________________ doing anything.2. We went to bed, but Julie and Kate ____________________ talking and playing cards.3. She ______________ following me all the way here, though I told her not to.4. Be careful not to ______________ those papers on the desk.5. What shall we _____________ the dog if we go off on vacation?6. Suddenly all the lights ______________ and it was pitch dark.单词填空：1. ---- What’s up, honey? You don’t look happy.---- Sorry, nothing serious. I just had an a______________ with my boss this afternoon.2. ---- Why didn’t you hand in your homework, Jeffery?---- I’m sorry, sir. But it’s not my f___________. My dog ate it.3. ---- Copy the text ten times! Every one of you!---- But sir, it's unfair to p___________ a whole class for the actions of one or two students. 4. ---- I give up! Physics is simply driving me c__________!---- Why don’t you ask your teacher for help?5. ---- What’s wrong with Bob these days?---- I think he is still u__________ that we forgot his birthday.6. ---- How are you paying? By credit card?---- No, in c__________.7. ---- Are you close to your parents?---- Yes. I have a good r____________ with them.8. ---- We still have a s_________ ticket for tonight’s game.---- Then can I go with you?9. ---- May I speak to Dr. Henderson please?---- I’m sorry, but Dr. Henderson is away on v__________.10. ---- What a m___________! Can’t you clean up a bit?---- Sorry. I’m too busy with my exam this week.阅读Anthony Marc Robles is a college wrestler (摔跤选手) that many people recognize. This summer he was a featured guest on TheTonight Show with Jay Leno. Robles was honored on the 2011 ESPY Awards broadcast with not one but two awards: The Jimmy V Award for Perseverance — named for the late college basketball coach Jim Valvano, and given to a “member of the sporting world who has overcome great difficulties through physical perseverance and determination,” according to ESPN — and Best Male Athlete with a Disability.Robles did all this, despite having been born without his right leg. Growing up in Mesa, Arizona, Robles was first introduced to wrestling in ninth grade. Despite having a difficult start —with more losses than wins in his first year — Robles set a 129-15 overall record at Mesa HighSchool, winning two Arizona state titles.Robles said, “I didn’t get into the sport for the attention. I wrestle because I love wrestling. Wrestling helped me to mature. I got so much self-confidence from the sport. I love the sport. But from here on my wrestling compet ition days are over, and I’ll be focusing on my next goal, which is to be an enthusiastic speaker. I’ll be around wrestling all my life. I love it so much.”The 22-year-old Robles was even more calm when presented with his Jimmy V Award at the ESPY: “Every soul who comes to the earth with a leg or two at birth must wrestle his opponents (对手), knowing it’s not what is, it’s what can be that measures worth. Do it hard, just make it possible, and I’ll not complain about the pain I have experienced. My spirit i s unconquerable (不可征服的). Fearless, I will face each opponent, for I know I am capable. Although there is blood, sweat and tears, I am unstoppable.”1. From the first paragraph, we can know Robles _______.A. was a member of ESPNB. does very well in his college subjectsC. must have struggled a lot to get these achievementsD. got many awards on the 2011 ESPY Awards broadcast2. When Robles started to take part in competitions at first, _______.A. he was defeated by other players many timesB. he showed his unusual ability in wrestlingC. he won two Arizona state titles quicklyD. he set several national records3. What made Robles learn wrestling?A. His wish for others’ attention.B. His disabilities.C. His enthusiasm.D. His self-confidence.4. Robles will probably _______ in the future.A. Go on competing for more medals in wrestlingB. Forget wrestling competition totallyC. Be a speaker devoting to wrestingD. Become a wrestling teacherCACC1. feel like2. stayed up3. insisted on4. mix up5. do with6. went out（四）综合填空：1. argument2. fault3. punish4. crazy5. upset6. cash7. relationship8. spare9. vacation 10. mess。
Homework 2
Homework 2中欧第一次知识产权对话也在北京召开，会后，双方签署了中欧第一次对话会议纪要，就知识产权合作和下一步工作计划达成了初步意向。
去年11月，我们还成功举办了“世界海关组织知识产权保护地区论坛”，产生了积极的国际影响。
此外，商务部、保护知识产权工作组会同国内有关部门与外商投资企业共同建立了定期沟通协调机制，为外国的知识产权权利人提供了一个充分表达意见的渠道。
The first China-EU IPR Dialogue was convened in Beijing. After that, the two sides of China and EU signed a summary of the meeting, identifying preliminary intent for IPR cooperation and next-step working plan. In November last year, we successfully held WCO Regional Forum for IPR Protection, yielding positive international influence. What is more, the Ministry of Commerce and IPR Protection Working Group joined hands with relevant domestic departments in setting up a regular communication and coordination mechanism with foreign invested enterprises, providing foreign IPR holders with a channel to fully air their views.请说明划线部分为何有错，分析译文，并全文改译：（1）（2）（3）。
《Homework》At-Home-PPT课件
3 完成配套的课后作业。
长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。努力，终会有所收获，功夫不负有心人。以铜为镜，可以正衣冠；以古为镜，可以知兴替；以人为镜，可以明得失。前进的路上 照自己的不足，学习更多东西，更进一步。穷则独善其身，达则兼济天下。现代社会，有很多人，钻进钱眼，不惜违法乱纪；做人，穷，也要穷的有骨气！古之立大 之才，亦必有坚忍不拔之志。想干成大事，除了勤于修炼才华和能力，更重要的是要能坚持下来。士不可以不弘毅，任重而道远。仁以为己任，不亦重乎?死而后已， 理想，脚下的路再远，也不会迷失方向。太上有立德，其次有立功，其次有立言，虽久不废，此谓不朽。任何事业，学业的基础，都要以自身品德的修炼为根基。饭 而枕之，乐亦在其中矣。不义而富且贵，于我如浮云。财富如浮云，生不带来，死不带去，真正留下的，是我们对这个世界的贡献。英雄者，胸怀大志，腹有良策， 吞吐天地之志者也英雄气概，威压八万里，体恤弱小，善德加身。老当益壮，宁移白首之心；穷且益坚，不坠青云之志老去的只是身体，心灵可以永远保持丰盛。乐 其乐；忧民之忧者，民亦忧其忧。做领导，要能体恤下属，一味打压，尽失民心。勿以恶小而为之，勿以善小而不为。越是微小的事情，越见品质。学而不知道，与 行，与不知同。知行合一，方可成就事业。以家为家，以乡为乡，以国为国，以天下为天下。若是天下人都能互相体谅，纷扰世事可以停歇。志不强者智不达，言不 越高，所需要的能力越强，相应的，逼迫自己所学的，也就越多。臣心一片磁针石，不指南方不肯休。忠心，也是很多现代人缺乏的精神。吾日三省乎吾身。为人谋 交而不信乎?传不习乎?若人人皆每日反省自身，世间又会多出多少君子。人人好公，则天下太平；人人营私，则天下大乱。给世界和身边人，多一点宽容，多一份担 为生民立命，为往圣继绝学，为万世开太平。立千古大志，乃是圣人也。丹青不知老将至，贫贱于我如浮云。淡看世间事，心情如浮云天行健，君子以自强不息。地 载物。君子，生在世间，当靠自己拼搏奋斗。博学之，审问之，慎思之，明辨之，笃行之。进学之道，一步步逼近真相，逼近更高。百学须先立志。天下大事，不立 川，有容乃大；壁立千仞，无欲则刚做人，心胸要宽广。其身正，不令而行；其身不正，虽令不从。身心端正，方可知行合一。子曰:“知者不惑，仁者不忧，勇者不惧 者，不会把时间耗费在负性情绪上。好学近乎知，力行近乎仁，知耻近乎勇。力行善事，有羞耻之心，方可成君子。操千曲尔后晓声，观千剑尔后识器做学问和学技 的练习。第一个青春是上帝给的；第二个的青春是靠自己努力当眼泪流尽的时候，留下的应该是坚强。人总是珍惜未得到的，而遗忘了所拥有的。谁伤害过你，谁击 重要的是谁让你重现笑容。幸运并非没有恐惧和烦恼；厄运并非没有安慰与希望。你不要一直不满人家，你应该一直检讨自己才对。不满人家，是苦了你自己。最深 一个人，而是心里没有了任何期望。要铭记在心；每一天都是一年中最完美的日子。只因幸福只是一个过往，沉溺在幸福中的人；一直不知道幸福却很短暂。一个人 贡献什么，而不应当看他取得什么。做个明媚的女子。不倾国，不倾城，只倾其所有过的生活。生活就是生下来，活下去。人生最美的是过程，最难的是相知，最苦 的是真爱，最后悔的是错过。两个人在一起能过就好好过！不能过就麻利点分开。当一个人真正觉悟的一刻，他放下追寻外在世界的财富，而开始追寻他内心世界的 弱就是自己最大的敌人。日出东海落西山，愁也一天，喜也一天。遇事不转牛角尖，人也舒坦，心也舒坦。乌云总会被驱散的，即使它笼罩了整个地球。心态便是黑 可以照亮整个世界。生活不是单行线，一条路走不通，你可以转弯。给我一场车祸。要么失忆。要么死。有些人说：我爱你、又不是说我只爱你一个。生命太过短暂 不一定能得到。删掉了关于你的一切，唯独删不掉关于你的回忆。任何事都是有可能的。所以别放弃，相信自己，你可以做到的。、相信自己，坚信自己的目标，去 的磨难与挫折，不断去努力、去奋斗，成功最终就会是你的！既然爱，为什么不说出口，有些东西失去了，就在也回不来了！对于人来说，问心无愧是最舒服的枕头 他人的成功，被人嫉妒，表明自己成功。在人之上，要把人当人；在人之下，要把自己当人。人不怕卑微，就怕失去希望，期待明天，期待阳光，人就会从卑微中站 想去拥抱蓝天。成功需要成本，时间也是一种成本，对时间的珍惜就是对成本的节约。人只要不失去方向，就不会失去自己。过去的习惯，决定今天的你，所以，过 今天的一败涂地。让我记起容易，但让我忘记我怕我是做不到。不要跟一个人和他议论同一个圈子里的人，不管你认为他有多可靠。想象困难做出的反应，不是逃避 面对它们，同它们打交道，以一种进取的和明智的方式同它们奋斗。他不爱你，你为他挡一百颗子弹也没用。坐在电脑前，不知道做什么，却又不想关掉它。做不了 间帮你决定。如果还是无法决定，做了再说。宁愿犯错，不留遗憾。发现者，尤其是一个初出茅庐的年轻发现者，需要勇气才能无视他人的冷漠和怀疑，才能坚持自 把研究继续下去。我的本质不是我的意志的结果，相反，我的意志是我的本质的结果，因为我先有存在，后有意志，存在可以没有意志，但是没有存在就没有意志。 的福利，可以使可憎的工作变为可贵，只有开明人士才能知道克服困难所需要的热忱。立志用功如种树然，方其根芽，犹未有干；及其有干，尚未有枝；枝而后叶， 出现不是对愿望的否定，而是把愿望合并和提升到一个更高的意识无论是美女的歌声，还是鬓狗的狂吠，无论是鳄鱼的眼泪，还是恶狼的嚎叫，都不会使我动摇。即 难，已经开始了的事情决不放弃。最可怕的敌人，就是没有坚强的信念。既然我已经踏上这条道路，那么，任何东西都不应妨碍我沿着这条路走下去。意志若是屈从 它都帮助了暴力。有了坚定的意志，就等于给双脚添了一对翅膀。意志坚强，只有刚强的人，才有神圣的意志，凡是战斗的人，才能取得胜利。卓越的人的一大优点 的遭遇里百折不挠。疼痛的强度，同自然赋于人类的意志和刚度成正比。能够岿然不动，坚持正见，度过难关的人是不多的。钢是在烈火和急剧冷却里锻炼出来的， 么也不怕。我们的一代也是这样的在斗争中和可怕的考验中锻炼出来的，学习了不在生活面前屈服。只要持续地努力，不懈地奋斗，就没有征服不了的东西。
《Homework》_At Home PPT优秀课件
Unit 2 At Home
Lesson 7 Homework
《Homework》_At Home PPT优秀课件
课前热身 Sing a song:
He is wearing red clothes.
课前热身
复习回顾
话题导入
我们一周五天上学，但我们在家度过 的时间更多。今天我们学习一些谈论 在家庭活动时使用的单词和句子。
③my /maI/ (代词)我的
用法 my是形容词性物主代词,后面要跟名词,如: my book我 的书 my trousers我的裤子
例句 I love my mother.我爱我的妈妈。
重难点探究
重点词汇 ④homework /həʊmwɜːk/
(名词)家庭作业 例句 I do my homework after school. 我放学后做作业。
⑦picture (名词)图画;绘画;照片
同义词 photo 例句 The picture is very nice.那张图画很好看。
重难点探究
重点词汇 ⑧for (介词)为……;关于
例句 The gift is for you. 这个礼物是给你的。
短语 wait for等候 look for寻找 ⑨story (名词)故事
巩固练习
一、单项选择。
（ ）1. What do you do
the evening
Monday?
A. in; in B. on; in C. in; on
（ ）2. He usually reads a book
Monday
morning.
A. in
B. at
Homework 2
Homework 2: 英译汉、汉译英1.省译法1）We expect that the delivery will be effected at your earliest convenience.2）It’s a pleasure for us to offer you the goods as follows.3）To give you a general idea of the various kinds of cotton piece goods now available for export, we enclose a brochure and a price list.2.增译法1）Inflation was and still is the No. 1 problem of that country.2）Courage in excess becomes foolhardiness, affection weakness, thrift avarice.3.词性转换法1）企业组织可以选择在报纸或杂志上登广告，简要介绍所招聘职位的情况并征集应聘者的自荐信。
（动词翻译成名词）2）If major problems exist and goals are not being achieved, then changes need to be made in the company’s organizational or managerial structure. （名词翻译成动词）3）We are especially grateful to you for arranging the meeting for us with the Machinery Trading Delegation at such short notice. （形容词翻译成动词）4.被动语态1）The damage was covered by the insurance company.2）The Chinese trade delegation was given a hearty welcome.3）He preferred to be assigned something concerning trade to do.4）英文版学校简介运用形容词来代替名词。
数理统计 英文 Homework 02
Homework 21. Suppose that a random sample of size n is taken from a Poisson distribution for which the value of the mean θ is unknown, and the prior distribution of θ is a gamma distribution for which the mean is 0μ. Show that the mean of the posterior distribution of θ will be a weighted average having the form 0(1)n n n X γγμ+−, and show that 1n γ→ as n →∞.2. Suppose that the time in minutes required to serve a customer at a certain facility has an exponential distribution for which the value of the parameter θ is unknown, the prior distribution of θ is a gamma distribution for which the mean is 0.2 and the standard deviation is 1, and the average time required to serve a random sample of 20 customers is observed to be3.8 minutes. If the squared error loss function is used, what is the Bayes estimate of θ?3. Suppose that a certain large population contains k different types of individuals (2)k ≥; and let i θ denote the proportion of individuals of type i , for i =1, … , k . Here, 01i θ≤≤ and 1...1k θθ++=. Suppose also that in a random sample of n individuals from this population, exactly i n individuals are of type i , where 1...k n n n ++=. Find the M.L.E.’s of 1,...,k θθ.4. Suppose that the two-dimensional vectors 11(,)X Y , 22(,)X Y ,…, (,)n n X Y form a random sample from a bivariate normal distribution for which the means of X and Y , the variances of X and Y , and the correlation between X and Y are unknown. Show that the M.L.E.’s of these five parameters are as follows: 1n X μ= and 2n Y μ=, 22111()n n i i X X n σ==−∑ and 22211()n n i i Y Y n σ==−∑, 11/21/22211()()()()n n n i i i n n n n i i i i X X Y Y X X Y Y ρ===−−=⎡⎤⎡⎤−−⎣⎦⎣⎦∑∑∑.5. Suppose that 1,,n X X K form a random sample from a beta distribution for which both parameters α and β are unknown. Show that the M.L.E.’s of α and β satisfy thefollowing equation: ''1()()1log 1()()n i i iX n X αββα=ΓΓ−=−ΓΓ∑. 6. Suppose that each of two statisticians A and B must estimate a certain parameter θ whose value is unknown (θ>0). Statistician A can observe the value of a random variable X , which has a gamma distribution with parameters α and β, where 3α= and βθ=; and statistician B can observe the value of a random variable Y , which has a Poisson distribution with mean 2θ. Suppose that the value observed by statistician A is X =2, and the value observed by statistician B is Y =3. Show that the likelihood functions determined by these observed values are proportional, and find the common value of the M.L.E. of θ obtained by each statistician.。
homework2
Homework 2I.Textbook P5-12. Diction & ConversionTextbook P30-32. InversionII.Translate the following two paragraphs into Chinese (不翻译红色部分), paying special attention to the translation techniques including diction, inversion and conversion.Harvard University, which celebrated its 350th anniversary in l986, is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States. Founded l6 years after the arrival of the Pilgrims at Plymouth，the University has grown from 9 students with a single master to an enrollment of more than l8,000 degree candidates, including undergraduates, and students in 10 graduate and professional schools．An additional 13,000 students are enrolled in one or more courses at the Harvard Extension School. Over l4,000 people work at Harvard, including more than 2,000 faculty.…Rudenstine has stressed the University's commitment to excellence in undergraduate education, the importance of keeping Harvard's doors open to students from across the economic spectrum, the task of adapting the research university to an era of both rapid information growth and serious financial constraints, and the challenge of living together in a diverse community committed to freedom of expression.翻译：在1986年便庆祝建校350周年的哈佛大学是美国最古老的高等教育学府。
homework可数吗
homework可数吗homework通常用作名词，有家庭作业的意思。
那么你知道homework是否可数名词吗?下面跟着店铺一起来学习homework的英语知识吧，希望对大家的学习有所帮助!homework词语用法homework的基本意思是“家庭作业”,指课外应预习或复习的功课,是不可数名词。
用于比喻homework可指会议等的“准备工作”,是不可数名词。
在英国,文科学校和私立学校通常把“家庭作业”叫做prep.,即preparation of lessons。
现在,也有很多人用assignment来表示。
homework的网络释义homework家庭作业; 作业; 功课; 布置作业;Electronic Homework电子家庭作业;Math Homework数学作业;Homework completion家庭作业;homework planner作业计划表;homework英语例句1. Tom admits that playing video games sometimes distracts him from hishomework.汤姆承认玩电子游戏有时会使他无心做作业。
2. Before you go near a stockbroker, do your homework.找股票经纪人之前，先要做好必要的准备工作。
3. If you are not careful, children tend to neglect their homework.如果你不注意的话，孩子们往往会不重视他们的家庭作业。
4. When teachers assign homework, students usually feel an obligation to do it.当老师布置家庭作业的时候，学生们通常觉得做作业是分内之事。
5. Some schools fail to set any homework.有些学校没有布置任何作业。
Homework II
Homework II1.The yield to maturity on1-year zero-coupon bonds is currently7%;the YTM on 2-year zeros is8%.The Treasury plans to issue a2-year maturity coupon bond, paying coupons once per year with a coupon rate of9%.The face value of the bond is $100.a.At what price will the bond sell?b.What will the yield to maturity on the bond be?c.If the expectations theory of the yield curve is correct,what is the market expectation of the price that the bond will sell for next year?d.Recalculate your answer to(c)if you believe in the liquidity preference theory and you believe that the liquidity premium is1%.2.Suppose that a1-year zero-coupon bond with face value$100currently sells at $94.34,while a2-year zero sells at$84.99.You are considering the purchase of a2-year-maturity bond making annual coupon payments.The face value of the bond is $100,and the coupon rate is12%per year.a.What is the yield to maturity of the2-year zero?The2-year coupon bond?b.What is the forward rate for the second year?c.If the expectations hypothesis is accepted,what are(1)the expected price of the coupon bond at the end of the first year and(2)the expected holding-period return on the coupon bond over the first year?d.Will the expected rate of return be higher or lower if you accept the liquidity preference hypothesis?3.A9-year bond has a yield of10%and a duration of7.194years.If the market yield changes by50basis points,what is the percentage change in the bond’s price?4.Find the duration of a6%coupon bond making annual coupon payments if it has 3years until maturity and has a yield to maturity of6%.What is the duration if the yield to maturity is10%?5.You are managing a portfolio of$1million.Your target duration is10years,and you can choose from two bonds:a zero-coupon bond with maturity of5years,and a perpetuity,each currently yielding5%.a.How much of each bond will you hold in your portfolio?b.How will these fractions change next year if target duration is now9years?6.Suppose you think Walmart stock is going to appreciate substantially in value in the next6months.Say the stock’s current price,S0,is$100,and the call option expiring in6months has an exercise price,X,of$100and is selling at a price,C,of $10.With$10,000to invest,you are considering three alternatives.a.Invest all$10,000in the stock,buying100shares.b.Invest all$10,000in1,000options(10contracts).c.Buy100options(one contract)for$1,000,and invest the remaining$9,000in a money market fund paying4%in interest over6months(8%per year).What is your rate of return for each alternative for the following four stock prices6 months from now?Summarize your results in the table and diagram below.Price of Stock6Months from Now Stock Price$80$100$110$120All stocks(100shares)All options(1,000options)Bills+100optionsRate of Return0T7.An investor purchases a stock for$38and a put for$0.50with a strike price of$35. The investor sells a call for$0.50with a strike price of$40.What is the maximum profit and loss for this position?Draw the profit and loss diagram for this strategy as a function of the stock price at expiration.8.You write a call option with X=50and buy a call with X=60.The options are onthe same stock and have the same expiration date.One of the calls sells for$3;the other sells for$9.a.Draw the payoff graph for this strategy at the option expiration date.b.Draw the profit graph for this strategy.c.What is the break-even point for this strategy?Is the investor bullish or bearish on the stock?9.We will derive a two-state put option value in this problem.Data:S0=100;X=110; 1+r=1.10.The two possibilities for S T are130and80.a.Show that the range of S is50,whereas that of P is30across the two states.What is the hedge ratio of the put?b.Form a portfolio of three shares of stock and five puts.What is the(nonrandom) payoff to this portfolio?What is the present value of the portfolio?c.Given that the stock currently is selling at100,solve for the value of the put.e the Black-Scholes formula to find the value of a call option on the following stock:Time to expiration6monthsStandard deviation50%per yearExercise price$50Stock price$50Interest rate3%b.Find the Black-Scholes value of a put option on the stock in problem a with the same exercise price and expiration as the call option.。
homework 2
Every time when someone knows I have worked in the Integrated Western and Chinese Medication, he or she would ask me a question: Which medication is better? Is the Chinese medication really worked?Every time when I met these questions, I really don't know how to answer. My major in med school is nursing, and nursing is originated from the Western medication. I just learnt some basic theories of Chinese medication, but I don’t know much about it. I did a search in Wikipedia to get more information about the Chinese medication, and it tells that Chinese medication includes Herbal medication, Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tui Na, Qing Gong, Cupping, Gua Sha and Die Da. It’s really complex.Most people don’t trust it because its basic theories are difficult to understand. It has a philosophical background, and can’t be seeing in experiments. I think that’s why nowadays the Chinese medication is getting more and more decline.However, I believe that everything existed in the world should has some reasons. Chinese medication has a long history for thousands of years, and has saved uncountable lives in ancient and even in modern China.Although we still can’t prove the exist of Qi, Xue, Jin Mai, or some other things like them, but more and more people are doing a research to focus on it, want to explain it in a new way, or maybe in the near future we can find them with modern technique.。
homework和work可数吗
homework和work可数吗
homework是不可数名词。
work翻译成工作、劳动、作业时，为不可数名词，而翻译成著作、作品时，多用复数形式works。
homework：n.作业;(学生的)家庭作业;准备工作。
work：n.工作;职业;职责;工作内容;活计。
扩展资料
She always gives us far too much homework.
她总是让我们做多得不得了的.家庭作业。
How much homework do you get?
你有多少家庭作业？
You could tell that he had really done his homework.
你能看得出他确实做好了充分准备。
Most of us use public transport to get to work.
我们大多数人都乘公交车辆上班。
People came from all over the world to view her work.
人们从世界各地涌来欣赏她的作品。
We need to evaluate how well the policy is working.
我们需要对这一政策产生的效果作出评价。
do homework中文翻译
do homework中文翻译
do homework 中文翻译
“Do homework”一般指在家里做学校布置的作业，是指学生在课外教育阶段完成学习任务的一种形式。
家庭作业既可以是某些学习内容的复习，也可以是完成某些新的学习内容，而且有时还包括一些体育锻炼等活动。
因此，“do homework”通常被翻译为“做家庭作业”。
家庭作业不仅能提高学生的学习能力和学习兴趣，而且还有助于增强学习责任感，培养独立思考和分析问题的能力，以及提高分析、解决问题的能力。
家庭作业可以使学生得到有效的学习，并在考试中发挥出色，有助于学生取得好成绩。
家庭作业一般分为基础家庭作业和扩展家庭作业两类。
基础家庭作业是给学生布置的必做作业，一般都是课本上的练习，学生要按时完成，并将作业提交给老师。
另一方面，扩展家庭作业是指学生可以通过自己的努力，深入探索学习内容，自行完成的家庭作业，可以激发学生的学习兴趣，促进学习的深度和广度，从而提高学习能力。
家庭作业对学生的学习很重要，但是也有一些家长会认为家庭作业过多，会压垮孩子，影响孩子的身心健康，因此，家长不应该过度强调家庭作业，而是要正确引导孩
子完成家庭作业，例如：正确理解家庭作业的重要性，按时完成家庭作业，合理分配时间，控制作业量，尽量避免过多的晚间作业，给孩子足够的休息时间，在孩子学习过程中给予正确的指导，以提高孩子学习效果。
总之，“do homework”这个英文表达就是指家庭作业，其中包括基础家庭作业和扩展家庭作业，它既能提高学生的学习能力，又能培养学生独立思考和分析问题的能力，它对学生的学习很重要，但是家长也有责任正确引导孩子完成家庭作业，以便提高孩子的学习效果。