2018版高考英语一轮复习 第2部分 专题10 定语从句即学巩固
2018年高考英语一轮复习 语法专题 定语从句复习(讲)(含解析)新人教版必修2
定语从句语法知识精讲定语从句一、考点梳理。
1.考查which/who(m)引导的非限制性定语从句which引导非限制性定语从句，用以指代整个主句的内容，或主句中某个词或短语的内容。
【例】She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.A. themB. whoC. whomD. these【答案】C【例】 By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself,_____can be very eye-opening and rewarding.A. whoB.whichC.whatD.that【答案】B【解析】which在此引导非限制性定语从句，which在定语从句中作主语，表示前面所提到的情况。
【例】 Chan's restaurant on Baker Street,___________used to be poorly run, is now a successful business.A. thatB.whichC.whoD. where【答案】B【解析】which used to be poorly run为非限制性定语从句，其中的which指代前面的Chan's restaurant。
2.考查as引导的非限制性定语从句as也可指代整个主句的内容，但不同于which的是，它引导的定语从句既可以位于主句的前面，也可以位于主句的后面。
它的意思是“正如”，as在这些从句中作主语或宾语。
【例】____I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.A. WhenB.AfterC.AsD. Since【答案】C【解析】as引导非限制性定语从句，其意为“正如”。
高三英语一轮复习定语从句讲解课件
Exercise:
1. You’ll find taxi waiting at the bus station _______you can hire to reach your host family.
2. Let me tell you something _______ has happened to him in the United States.
做题方法 1. 划出从句 2. 从rcise:
1. Never lose the time ___________ you should make use.
2. The knife ___________ he cut the bread is very sharp.
两者的区别： that 在同位语中不充当成分，定语中充当成分 两者的分辨：
1. 从意义上分辨 1. The fact that we talked about is very important. 2. The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody.
2. A housing bubble is an economic situation ___________ occurs when house prices rise much too fast.
3. He will never forget the people and things _________ he met during the war.
定语从句
关系代词 关系副词
that which whose who whom when where why
关系词的作用 连接 替代 成分
高考高三英语一轮复习定语从句讲解课件
that 在定语从句中，即可指人又可以指物； which只能指物。
2. 只能用that的情况
先行词是all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much等不定代词时; There is nothing that we can do for her.
先行词被all, any, every, no, some, little, much等词修饰时; The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great
定语从句解题步骤： 1. 区分__主__句__和__从__句__ 2. 确定___先__行__词_____ 3.判断先行词指人还是物，且判断从句缺
语法成分吗？（做主语、宾语或状语）
关系代词 关系副词
11
1.Re确ad定, 主tr从an句sla2te. 找an出d 先an行aly词se
1. Lisa is the girl who lives next door. 2. This is the most interesting film that I have ever
inventions.
先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时;
This is the most interesting novel that I have read.
that 在定语从句中，即可指人又可以指物； which只能指物。
2.只能that的情况
先行词被the only, the very(正是,恰是), the last 修饰时 She is the very person that we are looking for. 当先行词既有人又有物,定语从句用that 引导(that既可指人也可指物) We talked about people and things that we remembered at school. 若主句中有疑问代词who, which时，为了避免重复,关系代词用that Who is the person that is standing over there?
2018届高考英语语法专项复习--定语从句解析及突破课件
定语从句与强调句型的区别两者非常相似，判断 是否是强调结构的方法是采用删除法
E.g. Was it during the Second World War that he died? 为强调结构。 • 例1．--- Where did you get to know her? • --- It was on the farm_______ we worked. • A. that B. there C. Which D. Where • (注:与强调句型的结合.It was on the farm where we worked that I got to know her)
考点三 介词+关系代词引导定语从句时
介词或
关系代词的选择
第十九页，共64页。
1.引导定语从句时，能用于介词+关系代词引导 定语从句的代词只有which和whom。选择的依
据如下：
① 介词与定语从句的先行词或动词，形容词是习惯性 搭配。
Eg. The farm on which I once worked has taken on a new look Who is the man with whom our teacher is shaking hands?
= The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from
Beijing University.
但This is the person who/whom/that you are looking
for. 这一句中for不可提前，因为look for 是短语动词。
• 二.替代先行词。且先行词绝不可省，引导词有时 可省〔如引导词在从句中作宾语时〕
【高三英语试题精选】备战2018届高考英语(通用版)一轮复习 定语从句试题及答案
备战2018届高考英语（通用版）一轮复习定语从句试题及答案备战to-be to enter that you lost your wallet?A /B whereC thatD when【解析】在考查定语从句的时候利用疑问句的特殊结构干扰学生的正确选择比较常见。
遇到这类定语从句时，最好的办法是先把疑问句还原成陈述句，然后判断谁是先行词，再看关系词在定语从句中所充当的成分，最后确定正确答案。
在这个定语从句中的先行词是room, that在定语从句里做主语。
【答案】C9Obama, _______ life was once hard when he was young, were elected President of AmericanA for whomB whoC to whomD /【解析】这是一个非限制性定语从句，还考查到了“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。
根据句子意思需选择介词for, 从而构成be hard for Obama for的宾语是指人，这时就只能用whom。
【答案】A10 _______ has been announced, our government will take more measures to make the falling economics recover as soon as possibleA ThatB AsC ItD What【解析】这是一句非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代整个句子we shall have our final exams next month，且位于句首，因此选择as。
在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。
但注意as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。
【答案】B11 Lee Yu chun was titled as the top thin beauty in Ansia , _______ caused a lot of disagreements in the field of entertainment。
最新2018年高三高考英语语法复习——定语从句(精品复习PPT课件)
2
3. God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助。
引导词where是关系副词。
4. Gone are the days when teachers were looked down upon. 老师受歧视的日子一去不复返了。
【答案】
A—b; B—a; C—c。
1
英语中定语从句放修饰词后，作后置定语，以引导词作为标志； 汉语中定语从句放修饰词前，以“的”为标志。
2
定语从句有哪些引导词，引导词分为几类？
翻译下列句子，把定语从句的引导词进行分类
1. All that glitters isn't gold. 发光的不一定都是金子。 引导词that 是关系代词
【解析】先行词为the school，定语从句为teaching buildings are of ancient style，从句的谓语动词为are，先行词在从句中既不单独作主语， 也不作宾语，也不作状语，但与主语teaching buildings有所属关系， 故用whose。
3
Where/in Iwhich 5. This is the school________________ visited the headmaster ten years ago.
高考英语语法复习之
定语从句
1
英语和汉语中定语从句有什么区别？
观察意义对等的英汉句子，找出句子的对应部分
People,A who take medicine to lose weight,B are most likely to harm their health,C.
2018版高考英语(全国版)大一轮复习(应试基础必备 高考考法突破)课件专题4 定语从句 (共56张PPT)
分考点2
关系代词that和which的特殊用 法
(5) 先行词是主句的表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。
· Shenzhen is no longer the city that it used to be.
深圳不再是过去的那个样子了。 · The school is quite different from the one that it used to be. 这所学校已经与从前截然不同了。
分考点2 关系代词that和which的特殊用法 分考点3 关系代词as和which的区别 分考点4 “介词+关系代词”的用法
分考点1
关系代词的用 法
分考点1
关系代词的用 法
分考点1
关系代词的用 法
分考点1
关系代词的用 法
关系代词在从句中 作宾语时一般可省 略 ， 但其前有介词 时一般不可省略。
· It is the very book that I want to read.
它正是我想读的书。
·I’ve eaten up all the food that you gave me. 我已经吃光了你给我的所有食物。
分考点2
【特别注意】
关系代词that和which的特殊用 法
先行词被the same修饰时，如果表示同一事物，应 用the same… that；但如果表示相同的种类，则用 the same… as。 · This is the same pen that I used yesterday. 这就是我昨天用的那支钢笔。(that表示同一支钢笔) · This is the same pen as I used yesterday.
这支钢笔和我昨天用的那支一样。(as表示同类的钢
高三英语一轮复习---定语从句讲义(精编文档).doc
【最新整理，下载后即可编辑】定语从句（一）基本概念1.由一个句子作定语，修饰句中一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰整个句子或句中的部分内容，这样的从句就是定语从句，被其修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
2.关系词分为两大类，即关系代词和关系副词，其作用一是引出一个定语从句，二是代替其所修饰的先行词，三是在句中充当某个句子成分。
关系词的分类和基本用法本部分的内容比较复杂，为便于考生一目了然，我们试图用表格的形式呈现给考生。
1.that与which, who, whom的用法区别当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现“介词+关系代词”。
先行词指物，用“介词+which/whose”,指人则用“介词+whom/whose”, 且两个关系代词均不能省略。
介词的选择要遵循两个原则：定语从句一般紧接被它所修饰的先行词；但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他成分，使它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫作被分隔的定语从句，在阅读文章时会经常遇到这种情况，在阅读是要注意识别先行词的修饰对象。
▲定语从句与习惯句型用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。
①It is the first time _____ she has been in Shanghai．②It was the time _____ Chinese people had a hard life．解析：这里①小题是一个习惯句型，其结构为：It is／was the first ／second ．．．time ＋that从句。
故①填that，其意为：这是她第一次在上海。
②小题the time是先行词，其后是表示时间的定语从句，故填when。
▲定语从句与简单句用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。
①The mother told the lazy boy to work，_____ didn't help．②The mother told the lazy boy to work．_____ didn't help．解析：含有定语从句的复合句与两个单句的主要区别在于：前者有主句，有从句，必须有关系词；而后者则是两个单独的句子，不需要任何关联词。
高考英语一轮复习 第2部分 专题10 定语从句即学巩固
专题10 定语从句〔即学巩固〕Ⅰ.单句语法填空导学号 580828661．(2015·天津，15改编)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work.解析：本句中定语从句“his employees enjoy their work”不缺主宾表，先行词为atmosphere，表示“气氛，氛围”。
将“in＋先行词atmosphe re”还原回从句中成立，因此答案为where。
2．(2015·陕西，15改编)As the smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the time when he should be able to be independent.解析：分析结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词为time。
定语从句为空格后句子，缺少时间状语，用when引导。
句意：作为家里最小的孩子，亚历克斯总是渴望他应该能独立的时候。
3. (2015·安徽，28改编)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends.解析：本句为定语从句。
引导词在定语从句中位于介词upon的后面作宾语，故用关系代词且指代先行词the fundamental skill，因此用which。
4．(2015·湖南，29改编)It is a truly delightful place, which looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.解析：此句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是place，定语从句中缺主语，故用关系代词which。
高考英语语法一轮复习——定语从句(共59张PPT)
This is the best film that I have ever seen. Ø
巩固练习2：用适当的关系词填空
1.The girl __w_h_o_/_t_h_a_t_is standing next to our teacher
关系代词的基本用法和注意点
关系代词的基本用法
关系代词 指代的先行词
who whom which that whose
人 人 物 人或物 人或物
充当从句的成分 主语、宾语 宾语 主语、宾语
主语、宾语、表语 定语
who
who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语 时，可省略。
The man (who) I talked with is our teacher. A person who steals things is called a thief.
that
that 指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 作宾语时，可省略。
A plane is a machine that can fly. He is the man (that) I told you about.
that
注意： 下列情况只能用who 而不能用that. a) 当先行词是 one, ones, anyone, those等 Anyone who does that must be mad.
whose
whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替
Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?
Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
高考英语一轮总复习 专题十 定语从句活页练习(含解析)
高考英语一轮总复习专题十定语从句活页练习（含解析）Ⅰ.单项填空1．Sarah Brightman，________ will fly to space in 2015，is the first woman to fly there in the field of music.A．who B．that C．which D．whose答案 A [考查定语从句。
句意：莎拉·布莱曼将于2015年飞往太空，她将是音乐界第一个飞往太空的女士。
句中的先行词为Sarah Brightman且在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用who引导。
]2．________ is often the case with old people，my grandfather is fond of doing morning exercises.A．As B．Which C．What D．It答案 A [考查定语从句。
句意：就像其他老人一样，我祖父也喜欢晨练。
此句考查as 引导的非限制性定语从句，as在此指代后面句子的内容，既可位于句首，也可位于句中。
] 3．A lot of lovers chose to get married on Dec.12,2012，________ the date，the month and the year match.A．that B．on whichC．in which D．which答案 B [考查定语从句。
句意：很多恋人选择在2012年12月12日这一天结婚，这是因为在这一天日期、月份与年份都一样。
因为从句缺少时间状语，所以应用which指代先行词；当先行词是某个时期，且年月日完整时，介词应该用on。
故选B。
]4．My favorite writer is Mo Yan，some of ________ novels have a surprising ending. A．whom B．his C．whose D．which答案 C [考查定语从句。
2018版高考一轮总复习英语教师用书：第2部分 语法填空
第四讲定语从句PartⅠ真题变式体验1．[2016·北京高考]I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise.答案：whose先行词为a couple，将先行词代入定语从句后为：The couple's children often make a lot of noise.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作定语，故答案为whose。
2．[2016·天津高考]We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ________ the weather may be better.答案：when先行词为next week，将先行词代入定语从句后为：The weather may be better next week.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，故答案为when。
3．[2016·浙江高考]Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of ________ has been proved.答案：which先行词为theories，将先行词代入定语从句后为：None of the theories has been proved.由此可见先行词(指物)在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，且介词of已被提前，故答案为which。
4．[2016·江苏高考]Many young people, most of ________ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.答案：whom先行词为young people，指人，将先行词代入定语从句后为：Most of the young people were well-educated.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，故答案为whom。
2018高中英语浙江一轮参考课件：专题10 定语从句 精品
basic part of communicating among people,just as some traditional
Chinese and Thai persons do. 许多美洲印第安人都很重视沉默,认为它是人与人之间进行交流
的一个基本组成部分,就像一些传统的中国人和泰国人认为的一样。
-5-
考点一 考点二 考点三 考点四 考点五 考点六 考点七
6.as可指人也可指物,在定语从句中做主语、宾语或表语。 (1)引导限制性定语从句,先行词前常有as,the same,so,such修饰, 且在从句中做主语、宾语或表语时,关系代词要用as。 It was so difficult a problem as nobody in my class could work out.(as做work out的宾语) 这个问题很难以至于我们班里没有人能解出来。 注意:so/such...that结构中,that引导结果状语从句,只起连接作用, 不充当从句的任何成分。 It was so difficult a problem that nobody in my class could work it out.(work out 已经有宾语,that只起连接作用)
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专题10 定语从句〔即学巩固〕Ⅰ.单句语法填空导学号 580828661．(2015·天津，15改编)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work.解析：本句中定语从句“his employees enjoy their work”不缺主宾表，先行词为atmosphere，表示“气氛，氛围”。
将“in＋先行词atmosphe re”还原回从句中成立，因此答案为where。
2．(2015·陕西，15改编)As the smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the time when he should be able to be independent.解析：分析结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词为time。
定语从句为空格后句子，缺少时间状语，用when引导。
句意：作为家里最小的孩子，亚历克斯总是渴望他应该能独立的时候。
3. (2015·安徽，28改编)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends.解析：本句为定语从句。
引导词在定语从句中位于介词upon的后面作宾语，故用关系代词且指代先行词the fundamental skill，因此用which。
4．(2015·湖南，29改编)It is a truly delightful place, which looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.解析：此句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是place，定语从句中缺主语，故用关系代词which。
句意：这真是一个宜人的地方，这里蜿蜒的小路和美丽的小村庄一定和100年前看起来是一模一样的。
5．(2015·四川，3改编)The books on the desk, whose covers are shiny，are prizes for us.解析：此句是非限制性定语从句，先行词为the books，和covers之间存在所有关系，意为“书的封面”。
句意：桌上的书是给我们的奖励，那些书的封面闪闪发光。
根据语境填whose。
6．(2015·重庆，14改编)He wrote many children's books，nearly half of which were published in the 1990s.解析：此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是children's books，定语从句中of缺少宾语，故填which。
句意：他写了许多儿童书籍，差不多一半左右是在20世纪90年代出版的。
7．(2016·江西南昌高三联考)Nowadays，school violence is a hot issue.I think this is a phenomenon, which calls for our great concern.解析：句意：目前，学校暴力是个热点问题。
我认为这是一个需要我们极大的关注的现象。
从句子结构分析可以看出，空白后面句子是一个非限制性定语从句，对前面句子进行补充说明。
8．(2015·江苏，21改编)The number of smokers, as is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.解析：此句为as引导的非限制性定语从句。
as意为“正如，正像”，在定语从句中可作主语、宾语或表语；as在这里代替整个主句的内容；“as is reported”意为“正如被报道的那样”。
句意：正如被报道的那样，烟民的数量在仅仅一年的时间就下降了17%。
9．Some passers－by witnessed the car accident where five passengers were killed, a baby included.解析：句意为：一些路人目睹了这场事故，其中有五位乘客丧生包括一个婴儿。
设空处引导定语从句，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。
10．“Spit－take” refers to an act where someone spits liquid out of his or her mouth when he or she hears something funny or surprising.解析：句意为：“笑喷”是指一种行为：某人在听到有趣的或吃惊的事情后从嘴中喷出液体。
设空处引导定语从句修饰act，引导词在从句中作地点状语，因此用where引导。
11．Cultural shock is a feeling which/that most travelers experience in a foreign country where they find the culture is quite different from that of their own.解析：句意为：文化冲击是一种大多数游客在外国会经历的感觉，在那里他们会感觉外国的文化和自己的(文化)有很大的不同。
分析句子成分可知，两空均引导定语从句，第一空的先行词为a feeling，且在从句中作experience的宾语，因此用which/that引导；第二空的先行词为a foreign country，在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。
12．Tibet is such a place as all the people across the world are dreaming of visiting.解析：句意为：西藏是一个全世界所有的人都梦想游览的地方。
定语从句的先行词为a place，其前有such修饰，引导词应用关系代词as。
13．Dad decided to build a small tool room with a lock, where he would keep his best tools so my brother couldn't reach them.解析：句意为：父亲决定建一个带锁的小工具室，把他最好的工具放到里面，这样我弟弟就不会拿到它们了。
设空处引导定语从句；修饰先行词 a small tool room，并在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导该定语从句。
14．In 2014, such important reform policies associated with the interests of the general public were introduced in China as almost each person could benefit fromin life.解析：句意为：在2014年，关系到公众利益的重要的改革政策被引进到中国，几乎每一个人都能从中受益。
先行词policies前有such修饰，且引导词作介词from的宾语，因此用as引导。
15．We expect you to become someone of whom we'll feel very proud in the future.解析：句意为：我们希望你将来能成为我们会为之骄傲的人。
feel proud of意为“为……感到自豪”，引导词置于介词of后作宾语，且先行词为someone，指人，故填whom。
16．The movie Pompeii came out this February, which many people think brings a touching love story to the audience.解析：句意为：电影《庞贝末日》在今年二月上映，许多人认为它为观众带来了一个令人感动的爱情故事。
逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为the movie Pompeii，many people think为插入语，引导词在从句中作主语，故填which。
17．Anyone who upgrades their professional knowledge to a new level can apply for these courses.解析：句意为：任何将专业知识更新到一个新水平的人都可以申请这些课程。
设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词anyone，且在定语从句中作主语，一般不用that，故用who引导。
18．Then he waved his hand in the direction from which the woman had called.解析：句意为：接着他向传来喊叫声的那位女士的方向挥手。
设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词direction，且在从句中作介词from的宾语，故填which。
19．Will you think of those individuals who/that have helped you get through difficulty when you are leading a comfortable life?解析：句意为：在你生活舒适时你会想起那些帮你度过艰难时光的人吗？该定语从句缺少主语，先行词为指人的individuals，故填who或that。
20．On an autumn afternoon, we were sent to a farm where we learnt to plant potatoes.解析：句意为：在一个秋天的下午，我们被送到一个农场，在那里我们学习了种植土豆。
设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a farm，且在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。
Ⅱ.语法填空导学号 58082867在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
There was a time 1.when I was tired of learning English and disliked to speak English. And this is the reason 2.why my father forced me to join in a 30－day training in an English club before I went to senior high school. When I first came to the club, 3.where I met many strangers, I missed my parents very much. So I packed up my things and wanted to go home. Fortunately, my guide 4.whose teacherwas Li Yang, communicated with me face to face, from 5.whom I gained some useful instructions. He also showed me a good partner, and we got along well with each other. Gradually I adapted to the life there. Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers and set down a series of activities 6.that/which we did. My father and the guide7.who/that encouraged me to fall in love with English should be appreciated. NowI feel it interesting to learn English, into 8.which I put my entire energy. Every day I will read my words and passages aloud. In class I will join in English discussions. Before I go to sleep, I will recall my passages, through 9.which I can memorize a large number of new words. 10.As our English teacher says, “As long as we form the habit of learning English every day and have perseverance, we will conquer English sooner or later.”Ⅲ.单句改错导学号 580828681．Jim passed the driving test, it surprised everybody in the office.答案：it→which由逗号可知，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少指代前面这个句子内容的主语，所以要用which。