S3A_Unit1_Reading_知识点笔记

S3A Unit1 Reading Helping peoplePhrases:1.go hungry for charity 渴求博爱/仁爱2.break a fast 结束禁食3.volunteer to do sth. 志愿做某事4.go without food 不吃食物5.raise funds for sb./sth. 为…筹款6.developing countries 发展中国家7.arrange the whole thing 安排整件事情8.be proud of sb. 为某人骄傲9.collect donations 募集捐赠物10.be delighted with sth. 因…而高兴11.a charity fun fair 慈善游园会12.earlier fears about the weather 早先对天气的担心13.in aid of flood victims 为帮助水灾的受害者14.be amazed at 惊奇于…15.be crowded with excited people 挤满了兴奋的人们16.a 10 km walkathon (=a ten-kilometer walkathon) 一个十公里的步行马拉松17.finance more school trips 为学校更多的旅行提供资金18.the proceeds of the day came to over $150,000 这一天的收益超过了15万美元19.be astonished at the total 对总数感到很惊讶Language Points1.go hungrygo wrong/mad/bad/grey/sour/bankrupt/blind/pale/rottene.g. Y our hair is going grey.She went pale at the news.The heat has caused the milk to go sour.He has gone blind.He was afraid that the company would go bankrupt.Fruit quickly goes rotten in hot weather.This used to be a state school, but it’s gone independent.c.f.come true/right/undonee.g. The dream will come true.Don’t worry—it’ll all come right in the end.The buttons of my coat came undone.2.charity n.·/U/ kindness, the feeling of generosity仁慈、宽厚Charity made her give food to the old woman.Faith, hope and charity can make the world a better place.Charity begins at home.·/U/ help to the poor施舍，帮助穷人The orphanage is supported by the charity of the townspeople.None of us would like to live on charity.The old woman refused to accept charity when her husband died.·/C/ a society for organization that gives help to the poor 慈善机构Give generously to your favorite charity.He left all his money to charities.The Red Cross is an international charity.charity school 免费学校charity performance 义演out of charity 为行善故，本着仁爱精神ask/beg for charity 乞求施舍display/distribute/give/show/practice charity给予施舍live on charity 靠别人的施舍度日charity for the poor 对穷人的施舍charitable adj. 仁慈的,慈善性的 a charitable act/ organization 慈善行为/团体3.sponsor n.1) a person who takes responsibility for a person or thing负责人，主持人，保证人e.g. You need a sponsor to go to that American university.2) a business which pays for a show, broadcast, sports event, etc. usu. in returnfor advertising （表演，广播，运动比赛等的）节目赞助人e.g. A large department store is the sponsor of the annual Christmas parade.The sponsor of a radio or TV show is the advertiser who pays for it.v. to act as a sponsor for 发起，赞助，主持，提供，负责，保证e.g. The tobacco company sponsors several television programs.Who will sponsor your admission into that club?a government-sponsored research program4.volunteer v. 志愿做volunteer to do sth.volunteer for sth./ rescue work/ guard dutyn. 志愿者e.g. T he work was done by volunteers.Are there any volunteers for the event?5.go without 不吃，没有（供享用）（常指被迫如此）e.g. I t’s very hard for him to see them go without food.The poor boy often had to go without supper.I’m afraid you will have to go without milk in your tea.A poor man has to go without many things which a rich man regards asalmost necessaries in life.I’ve gone without eating for two days now.It looks as though we shall have to go without a holiday this year.go without saying 不用说（非常明显），不成问题的事e.g. It goes without saying that children should not be given knives to play with.It goes without saying that we shall not pay more than we are obliged to.A person with weak eyes should wear glasses. That goes without saying.6.raise funds fore.g. We are trying to raise funds for the Red Cross.It helped the organization to raise a two-hundred-thousand-dollar fund for a new building.His wife raised the money by selling her jewellery.The raising of 25 pounds was a task altogether beyond her power.raise v.e.g. The soldier raised a white flag. 举起，升起；She raised her finger to her lips as a sign for silence. 举起，升起；raise the price by 20%/ one’s spirits with encouragement and kind words提高，提升；raise a question/ an objection提出；raise a family/ sb./ cows and corn/ wheat培养，饲养，种植；raise one’s interest/ a smile/ doubts/ fears about his safety引起7.suggestsuggest sth.suggest sth to sb.suggest (one’s) doing sth. (to sb.)suggest that 建议；暗示，说明His smile on his face suggested that he was happy.suggestion n.make some suggestions to sb.Take/follow one’s suggestion8.arrange1）安排vt. arrange sth./ a taxi/ the matter at your own convenience/ one’s business affairsarrange to do sth./ to meet him todayarrange for sb. to do sth./ for you to sit at the back of the room/ for a car to pick him uparrange thatIt is arranged thatvi. Let’s try and arrange so that we can get there at one o’clock.2）整理vt.arrange the flowers in the vase/ his papers/ the books on the shelves/ the table tidilyarrangement n.make arrangements (for sth./ to do sth.)e.g. She will make the necessary arrangements.What arrangements have you made?They made further arrangements.I have to make arrangements to take you to Paris.I’ll make arrangements for somebody to meet you at the airport.9.seemseem to do/ to be done/ to be doing/ to have done/ to have been done/ to have been doingseem + (to be) + adj./n.It seems that用法同：happen, appear, prove, turn out,pretend10.innocentadj. 1) (of people) guiltless 无罪，无辜，没干坏事的e.g. I’m innocent of the crime.In the war, countless innocent people lost their lives.2) simple, not able to recognize evil单纯，天真，对某物毫无所知e.g. They were innocent enough to believe him.innocence: n.e.g. He protested his innocence loudly as they dragged him off to prison.His friends proved his innocence.11.starvevi. 饿死，挨饿I’ll never depend on anyone again. I’d rather starve.starve to deathBecause there is no food, people are starving.vt. 使挨饿starve sb. to deathstarve sb. for some time词组：starve for 渴望得到starve for love/ sympathy/ companionship/ affection12.donate v. 捐献，捐赠e.g. d onate blood to a blood bankdonate to the Red Crossdonation n. the act of donating or something donated捐赠，捐赠物e.g. We are collecting donations for the relief fund.They made a generous donation to the charity.The hospital receives a good deal of money in donations.13.collecte.g. collect stamps/ information/ the papers 收集collect the tickets/ taxes/ the post/ the child 收取Collect the books and put them in a pile on my desk. 收在一起collect all the waste paper lying about 收在一起collect the money for the activity 筹集14.generousadj. showing readiness to give help, money and kindnesse.g. What a generous gift!The poor are usually generous to each other.She was not generous with the food.It is generous of sb. to do sth.be generous to sb.generosity /U/This is an act of pure generosity.I can’t take advantage of his generosity.15.attract… toattract one’s attention to sth.e.g. This scenery attracts many tourists.Never before had he felt himself so powerfully attracted to the scientific ideal.The moon attracts the earth’s seas towards her.attraction 吸引力/U/; 吸引人的东西/C/e.g. The cinema has little attraction for some people.The attraction of the moon for the earth causes the tides.The city’s bright lights, theatres, films, etc. are attractions that are hard to avoid.One of the attractions of the town is the long, narrow street.16.fearv.fear sth./sb.e.g. Babies fear loud noises.fear that…e.g. She feared that she might not find him in his room.I fear so. / I fear not.n.e.g. They had no fear of anything.There was a look of fear in his eyes.a growing pale of fearShe has a great fear of fire.Some children suffer from a fear of the dark.17.faile.g. fail (in) the examfail to do sth.His voice/health failed.The power failed.Words failed me.18.in aid of (不作表语) 为了帮助e.g. a collection in aid of the sufferers 为了援助受害者所做的募捐aid /C/ something that provides help and esp. makes a process easier or more effectivee.g. A dictionary is an invaluable aid in learning a new language.Audio-visual aidsfirst aidhearing aidaid v.e.g. We were greatly aided in our investigation by the cooperation of the police.He was accused of aiding the terrorists.computer-aided design19.appeal vi. 1）呼吁，恳求，求助appeal to sb. for sth.appeal to sb. to do sth.e.g. The police are appealing to the public for any information about the murder victim.They are appealing fro funds to build a new church.The government is appealing to everyone to save water.2）有吸引力appeal to sb.e.g. Does the idea of working abroad appeal to you?Inexpensive jewellery which appeals to the 13 to 30 age group3）上诉，申诉e.g. appeal against the judge’s decisions 不服判决而上诉appeal to a higher court 上诉上级法院appeal a case为某案提起上诉n. 1）恳求，呼吁make an appeal to sb. for sth.e.g. His appeal for forgiveness went unanswered.A personal appeal from the President on behalf of the victims.An appeal for money to build a new hall2）吸引力e.g. Films of that sort have lost their appeal for me.3）控诉e.g. enter an appeal 提出上诉take an appeal to a higher court 向上一级法院提出上诉dismiss/ reject an appeal 驳回上诉20.amaze v. 使……惊喜e.g. I was amazed at his rapid progress in his English.amuse v. 逗乐e.g. The audience was amused by the magician’s tricks.21.brilliant adj. 灿烂的；极聪明的e.g. The lights were far too brilliant.He saw the grey summit of the mountain against a brilliant background of blue sky.She was wearing brilliant jewels.brilliant future/ victories/ thoughts/ pageShe was young, brilliant, extremely modern.a brilliant idea/mind/ scientist/ pianist/ swimmer/ speaker/ novel22.be crowded withbe faced withbe covered withbe filled with23.portrait n.肖像，画像e.g. He had his portrait painted in uniform.a portrait painter24.purpose 目标，目的/C/e.g. The purpose of this meeting is to elect a new captain.I went down the stairs with no set purpose before me.His purpose was to graduate from medical school and become a great surgeon.for… purpose 为了……目的e.g. I f I go there in future, it will be for the purpose of seeing you.For what purpose did your committee invited me to come here?on purpose 故意serve/answer a /the purpose 达到……目的，起……作用e.g. H e wanted it to serve a good and useful purpose.The book failed to serve the purpose it had been intended to.purposeful adj. 有目的的，坚决的He was a hardworking man whose every action was purposeful.25.purchase v. 购买e.g. T hey have just purchased a new house in the country.purchase a new car26.equipequip sth. with sth.be equipped withequipment n. /U/27.finance v. 提供资金给e.g. a housing project financed by the local governmentThe repairs of the school will be financed by the educational department.n. 财政；金融；资金e.g. the Minister of FinanceUnless we can get more finance, we’ll have to close the hotel.financial adj. 财政的；金融的e.g. The film was popular with the critics, but was not a financial success.financial problemsHis financial affairs are in bad condition.Financial crisis28.proceedvi. to continue doing sth. that has already been start; to continue being done 继续进行e.g. We’re not sure whether we still want to proceed with the sale.Work is proceeding slowly.。