人教版高一英语必修一Unit2知识梳理、重点词汇解析及单元自测范文

高中英语必修一Unit2 词汇精解
短语归纳
1. 不只有一种英语more than one kind of English
2. 在一些重要方面in some important ways
3. 彼此不同be different from one another
4. 与现代英语不同be different from modern / present day English
5. 世界英语world Englishes
6. 起着的重要作用play an important role / part
7. 起着越来越重要的作用play a more and more /an increasingly important part / role
8. 因为它特殊的作用because of its special role
9. 国际语言an international language
10. 在16世纪末at the end of the 16th century
11. 在17世纪初at the beginning of the 17th century
12. 在20世纪前期in the early 20 th century
13. 比以往任何时候都than ever before
14. 即使even if / even though
15. 以德语为基础be based on German
16. 使用更大的词汇量make use of a wider vocabulary
17. 它自己的特色its own identity
18. 众多讲英语的人 a very large number of English speakers
19. 学英语的人数the number of people learning English
20. 迅速增长 increase rapidly
21. 标准英语 standard English
22. 信不信由你believe it or not
23. 讲最好的英语speak excellent English
24. 相邻的城镇neighboring towns
25. 从一个地方搬到另一个地方move from one place to another
26. 充分利用不同的方言make full use of different dialects
27. 目前的形势present situation
28. 国际组织an international organization
29. 词汇与惯用法vocabulary and usage
30. 辨认出他的口音recognize his accent
31. 中西部地区的方言midwestern dialect(s)
32. 发出命令give commands
33. 提出客气的请求make a polite request
要点提炼
I词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
重点词汇
1. present n. 礼物adj.在场的；目前的vt.赠送
[典例]
1). The mountain bike is a birthday present from my parents.这辆山地自行车是父母给我的生日礼物。

2). I am afraid I can’t help you at present. 恐怕现在我没法帮助你。

3). In the present case, I advise you to wait. 按照目前的情况，我建议你等等。

[重点用法]
at present=at the present time=now 目前，现在
be present at 出席；到场(反义：be absent from)
present sb.with sth = present sth. to sb.把某物送给某人
⑴All the people ____________________ (出席晚会的)were her supporters.
[练习] 中译英
1). 所有（那些）在场者一眼就看出那个错误。

2). 这本书是哥哥赠送给我的。

答案: 1). The mistake was obvious to all (those) present.
2). This book was a present from my brother.
2. command n.& v. 命令；指令；掌握
1). The officer commanded his soldiers to fire. 那名军官命令士兵们开火。

[重点用法]
command sb. to do sth 命令某人做某事be under the command of 由…指挥,由…控制
be in command of 控制…be at one’s command 听任某人支配
have / take command of… 指挥…
[特别提醒] command后接that从句时要用虚拟语气
[练习] 用适当的介词填空
1). For the first time in years, she felt ______ command of her life.
2). The army is __________ the king’s direct command.
3). The police arrived and took command ________ the situation.
答案: 1). in 2). under 3). of
3. request n.& v. 请求；要求
[典例] 1). Your requests will be granted. 你的请求能够获准。

.
2). I requested him to help. 我请求他帮忙。

[重点用法]
request sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事
request that sb (should) do 要求某人做某事
⑴He requested me ________ (write) a letter of recommendation.
⑵He requested that I ________________(write) a letter of recommendation.
⑶The passengers _____________(request) to show their passports.
[练习] 中译英。

1). 我是（特别）应你要求而来。

2). 请不要吸烟。

答案: 1). I came at your (special) request. 2). You are (kindly) requested not to smoke.
扩展===联想：像command一样，其后的名词性从句的谓语用“(should)+ 动词原形”的常用词有：
一个“坚持(insist)”；
两个“命令(order，command)”；
三个“建议(suggest，advise，propose)”；
四个“要求(demand，ask，require，request)”；
4. recognize vt. 辨认出；承认；公认
[典例]
1). I recognized her by her red hat. 我根据她的红色帽子认出了她。

2). Everyone recognized him to be the lawful heir/as the lawful heir. 大家都承认他为合法继承人。

[重点用法]
recognize…by sth 认出或识别某人/某事物recognize…as sth 承认某人/某事物是
recognize…to be承认…是recognize +宾语从句意识到；承认
⑴I recognize him______________________. (他是个聪明人).
⑵Though they hadn’t m et for many years，they _________ (认出了对方)at the first sight.
[练习] 中译英1). 人们都承认他是他们理所当然的领袖。

2). 我认出他是我朋友的哥哥。

答案: 1). He is recognized to be their natural leader.
2). I recognized him as my friend’s brother.
5. straight adj.笔直的；正直的adv. 直接；挺直
[典例] 1). This is a straight road. 这是一条直路。

2). She went straight from school to university. 她中学一毕业就马上进了大学。

[练习] 中译英1).我的领带系得正不正?2). 一直往前看。

答案: 1). Is my tie straight? 2). Look straight ahead.
6. block vt. 堵塞；阻碍n. 街区；木块；石块
[典例] 1). He lives three blocks away from here. 他住的地方与此处相隔三条街.
2). A large crowd blocked the corridors and exits. 人群把走廊和出口都堵死了[重点用法]
a block of 一大块block out 堵住block off 封锁；封闭block up 堵塞；阻碍[练习] 中译英
1). 他们在绕楼群散步。

2). 大雪阻塞了所有通往苏格兰的道路。

答案:1). They are taking a walk round the block.
2). Heavy snow is blocking all roads into Scotland.
7、actually adv. 实际上；事实上
相近词汇：in fact\as a matter of fact
8．gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的→gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地
9.．native adj. 本地的，出生地的；天赋的
n. 本地人；出生于某国的人
be native to...原产于某地
one’s native country/land本国，祖国
native place出生地
one’s native language本国语，本族语，母语
a native of当地人/产于……的动/植物
[即学即练1](1)China is our ____________，and Chinese is our ____________. 中国是我们的祖国，汉语是我们的母语。

(2)The tiger __________________ India.
这种虎产于印度。

(3)He is __________________ Beijing.他是北京人。

答案.native country;native language；is native to；a native of
重点词组（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
e up走近；上来；提出
[典例]
1). The little came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police station.
小男孩向陌生人走去，并告诉他去警察局的路。

3). It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting.
这个问题在会议上一定会被提出来的。

5). I am afraid something urgent has come up. 恐怕发生了什么急事。

[短语归纳]
come across邂逅come about发生come at向…扑来,攻击come from 来自
come out 出版;开花；结果是come up with想出
come round 绕道而来come down落下,塌下
[练习] 用come构成的词组填空。

1). The hunter walked across the forest when suddenly a bear _______ him.
2). The magazine __________ once a month.
3). I wish you can ___________ to England on your holiday.
4). The engineers has ______________ new ways of saving energy.
5). They ___________ an old school friend in the street this morning.
答案: 1). came at 2). comes out 3). come over 4). come up with 5). came across
2. make use of利用；使用
[典例]
1). You ought to make good use of any opportunity to practise English. 你应该好好利用机会练习英语。

[短语归纳]
make good use of 好好利用make full use of 充分利用make the best/most of 充分利用[练习]
1). 要充分利用一切机会说英语。

2).我们要很好地发挥她的才能。

答案: 1). Make full use of every chance you have to speak English.
2). We will make good use of her talents.
3. such as例如；像这种的
1). Such poets as Keats and Shelley wrote Romantic poetry.
有些诗人, 如济慈和雪莱, 写的是浪漫主义的诗歌
2). Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are becoming rare.
兰花和报春花之类的野花越来越少了
[练习] 用such as或for example填空
1). I like drinks __________ tea and soda.
2). The report is incomplete; it doe sn’t include sales in France, ________.
答案: 1) such as 2). For example
4. play a part (in)扮演一个角色；参与
[典例] 1). She plays an active part in local politics. 她积极参与地方政治活动。

2). She played a major part in the success of the scheme. 她对该计划的成功起了重要作用。

翻译：中国在当今世界扮演着重要的角色。

__China is playing an important part/role _in the world today.
[短语归纳]
take part (in sth)参加, 参与（某事物for the most part 整体上; 通常; 多半
the best part of sth（某事物的）绝大部分（尤指一段时间）for my part就我来说
[练习] 中译英
1). 有多少国家要参加（世界杯赛）？
2). 对我来说, 到哪儿吃饭都无所谓。

答案: 1). How many countries will be taking part (in the World Cup)?
2). For my part, I don't mind where we eat.
6. because of因为；由于
[典例]1). They are here because of us. 他们是因为我们来这里的。

[短语归纳]
because of 是复合介词。

because 是从属连词，引导原因状语从句。

[练习] ⑴He came late to school again _______ he got up too late.
⑵The girl cried __________ what the teacher said.
⑶we have to cancel our trip _________ the bad weather.
7. base on …以…为基础
e.g The movie is based on facts
7．ever before 从前8．even if/though 即使
9．be based on 以……为基础10．over time 长期以来
11．in the early days 在早期12．the same as 相同于
13.Believe it or not信不信由你
14. a number of ＋N. 许多,大量. 作主语时, 谓语用复数.
the number of ＋N.…的数量. 作主语时, 谓语用单数
Eg A number of people have read this novel.
The number of people here is 50.
2..单词拼写
1．A lot of students p_______________ at the meeting took part in the discussion.
2．The tall tree was struck by l___________ and broke.
3．The robber was caught when he was filling his car with p__________ at the filling station.
4．Go up in an e_______________ to the fifth floor.
5．He looked calm, but a__________ he was very nervous
6．In the word “happy”the _________(重音) is on the first syllable.
7．He has a poor _________________(词汇), so he can't express himself correctly.
8．The gentlemen disclosed their own __________(身份)．
9．Anyone who wants to learn English well must remember the ___________(惯用法) of English.
10．Though he is not a ___________(本国的) English speaker, he can speak English very fluently.
3. .单项选择
1．(2009·安徽卷)－Do you think it’s a good idea to make friends with your students?
－______，I do. I think it’s a great idea.
A．Really B．Obviously C．Actually D．Generally
2．His uncle made a film ______ his story in his childhood.
A．based on B．was based on C．basing on D．to base on
3．(2010·山东潍坊质量监测)It could be judged from her eyes ______ she was very satisfied with her performance.
A．what B．which C．that D．where
4．The money collected should be made good use ______ the people in Sichuan Province who suffered a lot in the earthquake.
A．of helping B．to help C．to helping D．of to help
5．During the flight to the Moon, Chang’e I Satellite ______ adjusts her direction so that she can go into her programmed orbit and then circle around it at the most appropriate angle(角度)．
A．eventually B．gradually C．constantly D．continuously
6．I’m Chinese and I do feel ______ Chinese language is ______ most beautiful language. What’s your opinion?
A．the; a B．/; the C．the; / D．/; a
7．______ as a serious problem at present, it has dra wn a lot of people’s attention. A．Recognize B．Recognized C．Being recognized D．Having recognized 8．The army received a command that they ______ to the front immediately.
A．would march B．must march C．should march D．were marching 9．The newly－founded chess club formally ______ us to attend the opening ceremony. A．requested B．required C．demanded D．commanded
10．(2009·江西一模)Films, ______ the one you told me about yesterday or the one that will be on, ______ not worth seeing.
A．including; is B．as well as; are C．besides; is D．such as; are
11．The part that China ______in the international affairs ______ in the international society.
A．plays; is widely praised B．plays; is wide praised
C．takes; widely praised D．takes; wide praised
12．______，a sleepy driver killed twenty－two students and teachers in a traffic accident in Shanxi Province.
A．What's more B．After all C．Believe it or not D．More or less 13．Many students make great progress in listening ______ the large amount of time devoted to it.
A．because of B．instead of C．in case of D．in spite of
14．—Oh, it's you! I ______ you.
—I've just had my hair cut, and I'm wearing new glasses.
A．didn't recognize B．didn't know C．haven't recognized D．haven't known 15．He won't change his mind ______ you go and try to persuade him yourself.
A．since B．until C．as if D．even if
答案1.present；2.lightning；3.Petrol；4.Elevator；5.actually
6.accent；
7.vocabulary
8.Identities
age 10.native
1.答案：C 解析：考查副词。

really真正地；obviously明显地；actually实际上；generally 大体上。

actually在句中起加强语气的作用，相当于sure，certainly, of course。

2. 答案：A 解析：based on为过去分词短语，在句中做后置定语修饰a film。

3. 答案：C解析：考查名词性从句。

语意为：她对她的表现很满意，这可以从她的眼睛里判断出来。

It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主句。

4.答案：D 解析：make (good) use of“(好好)利用”，变为被动时态即be made use of；句中to help the people...为不定式做目的状语。

5. 答案：B解析：考查副词词义辨析。

句意为：在飞往月球的途中，嫦娥一号卫星逐渐调整她的方向以便能进入预定的轨道并以合适的角度绕其运行。

A.最终；B.逐渐地；
C.不断地；
D.继续地。

6. 答案：A 解析：第一空需填the，指“汉语”；第二空填a, a most beautiful language 是泛指，其中most相当于very。

7. 答案：B 解析：be recognized as“被认为是……”；句中recognized为过去分词做状语。

8.答案：C 解析：command“命令”，其that从句中用“(should)＋动词原形”。

9. 答案：A 解析：表示正式委婉的请求用request。

10. 答案：D 解析：such as 用于列举事物。

又因为主语为复数，第二空格用are，故选D。

本句译为：像你昨天告诉我的电影，以及即将上映的，都不值得看
11. 答案：A 解析：第一空考查短语play a part in; 第二空考查被动语态
12. 答案：C 解析：考查固定短语。

13. 答案：A 解析：考查介词短语。

because of“因为”
14.答案：A 解析：句中表示“刚刚没有认出某人”用didn't recognize
15.答案：D解析：考查even if引导让步状语从句。