RC-LineFollowerEnhanced
Bussmann
Finger-safe power distribution blocksCatalog symbol:• PDBFS_Description:The small footprint, high Short-Circuit Current (SCCR) Bussmann™ series power distribution blocks provide IP20* finger-safe protection under specified conditions. These UL® Listed, single-pole blocks are of a modular design that permits dovetailing together the required number of poles for an application and still meet the UL 1953 minimum 1” and 2” spacing required per UL 508A for feeder circuit applications and per NEC® for field installations.With SCCRs up to 200 kA, these blocks help achieve compliance with National Electrical Code (NEC) and OSHA requirements by resolving a common SCCR “weak link” in industrial control panels.To increase application flexibility, these blocks feature dual-wire rated ports that accept copper or aluminum conductors while retaining a UL Listed status.With panel or 35 mm DIN-Rail** mounting for application flexibility these blocks are suitable for installation in wireways and industrial control panel feeder and branch circuits.* See table on page 5.** PDFFS504 panel mount only.Catalog number example:PDBFS204 is a 1-pole blockWhere:• The catalog symbol “PDBFS” defines the block as a finger-safe design.• The catalog number ending “204” in this example defines this block’s lineside and loadside characteristics covering the ampacity, number of ports and wire sizes, etc.• See the catalog number table for details on the available lineside/loadside characteristics.How to order:From the catalog number table, select the catalog number that defines the desired lineside/loadside port and conductor characteristics.Order one block per pole for the application. Multiple single-pole blocks can be ganged together via the dovetailing feature to form multi-pole configurations.Specifications:Ratings• Volts:• 600 V (UL)• 690 V (IEC)• Amps: 175 to 760 A• SCCR: Up to 200 kA (see table for circuit protection details)Agency information• UL 1953 Listed, Guide QPQS, File E256146• CSA® Certified, Class 6228-01, File 47235• RoHS compliant• CEFlammability rating• UL 94 V0Storage and operating temperature range • -4°F to 248°F (-20°C to 120°C)Conductors†• Stranded 75°C copper and aluminum• Higher temperature rated conductors permitted with appropriate derating† As specified in the catalog number table.2Technical Data 10536Effective June 2021Finger-safe power distribution blocks/bussmannseriesFeatures and benefits•IP20 finger-safe under specified conditions increases safety by isolating energized connections.•Wire-ready captive termination screws cannot be misplaced and are shipped “backed out” to save time on conductor installation.• Sliding DIN-Rail latch provides easy block mounting.•For multiple pole applications, all single-pole units can be gang mounted by using the interlocking dovetail pins that are pre-installed on the side of the blocks.•Elongated panel-mounting holes provide greater flexibility and installation ease when matching up with drilled panel holes.Dual wire port application•Rated for dual wire port application to increase the possiblenumber of lineside and loadside connections. E.g., PDBFS220 can accept two wires into the lineside port (#4 - #14 Cu, #4 - #8 Al) and two wires per port (eight connections total) on the loadside lug (#8 - #14 Cu, #8 Al).•Dual wire applications are only viable when using two wires of the same size, stranding, and insulating and conductor material.Ferrule terminal application•Bussmann series PDBFS power distribution blocks are rated for use with UL Listed ferrules (see catalog number table for details).•Ferrule applications allow for the use of a broader range of conductor stranding and simulate a more efficient, solid wire connection with the PDBFS terminal port.•Always use UL Listed ferrules in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications and instructions.Catalog numbers:(customer supplied) applied according to the manufacturer’s specifications. Ferrule ratings apply to copper wire only.** See pages 4 and 5 for the tested upstream overcurrent protective devices necessary for achieving these SCCRs.† Torque rating for dual wire and ferrule application is 30.5 N•m (270 Lb-in).†† Torque rating for ferrule application is 13.6 N•m (120 Lb-in).3Finger-safe power distribution blocksTechnical Data 10536Effective June 2021/bussmannseries Selecting SCCR power distribution blocks and terminal blocksShort-circuit current rated power distribution blocksBussmann series power distribution blocks have three distinct styles to match different application needs. There are the PDBFS_ and PDB_ high short-circuit current rated power distribution blocks and the 16_ power terminal blocks. The differences are whether the power distribution blocks are enclosed or not, and whether they are UL 1953 Listed power distribution blocks or UL 1059 Recognized power terminal blocks, which have different minimum spacing requirements. The table on this page will assist you in selecting which block is right for your application.Why these are importantPer the NEC and OSHA, equipment cannot be installed in anelectrical system at a location where the available fault (short-circuit) current is greater than the equipment’s SCCR.Further, equipment SCCRs are required in the 2014 NEC and for UL 508A Listed control panels. Marking the equipment SCCR on control panels (NEC 409.110), industrial machinery electrical panelsSelection tableThis table provides an overview of the three Bussmann series power distribution and terminal blocks mentioned above. For details on the PDB_ blocks, see data sheet number 10537. For the 16_ blocks, see data sheet numbers 10533 (UL Recognized power distribution blocks),10534 (splicer blocks) and 10535 (stud blocks).PDBFS_distribution blocksY es***Y es Y es Y es Y es Y es Y esPDB_UL 1953 Listed powerdistribution blocksNo †Y es Y es Y es Y es Y es Y es, with optional cover 16_UL 1059 Recognizedterminal blocksNo †Y esNo ††Y esNo ††Y esNo* When protected by proper fuse class with maximum ampere rating specified or smaller.** For details, see PDB and TB minimum spacing requirements for equipment table below.*** IP20 finger-safe under specific conditions, see data sheet page 5.† Optional covers are available. Not IP20, but provide a safety benefit.††No, except: Y es, if single pole units installed with proper spacings.Power distribution and terminal block minimum spacing requirements for equipment508A branch circuits 3/8”1/2”1/2”1995 HVAC3/8”1/2”1/2”Note: Refer to specific UL standards for complete spacing details.(NEC 670.3(A)), and HVAC equipment (NEC 440.4(B)) is required by the NEC.Power distribution and terminal blocks not marked with a component SCCR are typically one of the weakest links in a control panel’s equipment SCCR and may limit the equipment SCCR to no more than 10 kA. The PDBFS_ and PDB_ products have the increased spacing required for use in feeder circuits of equipment listed to UL 508A (UL 1059 terminal blocks must be evaluated for proper spacings). Also, for building wiring systems, the PDBFS_ andPDB_ power distribution blocks can be used to meet the 2014 NEC requirements in section 376.56(B) for power distribution blocks in wireways.See the last page of this data sheet for SCCR tools and resources to help you further understand and solve your SCCR needs.4Technical Data 10536Effective June 2021Finger-safe power distribution blocks/bussmannseriesUpstream fusing for SCCR and minimum enclosure dataThis table contains the tested SCCR levels for each PDBFS power distribution block using the specified lineside and loadside conductors and Bussmann series Class J, RK1, RK5 and T fuses. Using these tested SCCR levels also requires the power distribution block be installed in anenclosure with the minimum size indicated for each catalog number.PDBFS2202/0 - #8#4 - #1220010060200200 kA 16 x 16 x 6.75#4 - #1417510030175100 kA 2001006020050 kA PDBFS303350 - #6350 - #6400200100400200 kA 36 x 30 x 12.625PDBFS330500 - #6#2 - #6400200100400200 kA 24 x 20 x 6.75#6 - #142001006020050 kA 17510030175100 kA PDBFS377300 - #4#4600400200600200 kA 24 x 20 x 6.75400200100400100 kA #4 - #142001006020050 kA #4#460040020060050 kA PDBFS500350350600400200600200 kA 36 x 30 x 12.625350 - #4350 - #4600400200600100 kA PDBFS504500500600600200800**200 kA 36 x 30 x 12.625500 - #6500 - #6600400200600100 kAAmpacities 75°C per NEC ® Table 310.16 and UL 508A Table 28.1.* Class G 60 A (SC-60) or less or Class CC 30 A (LP-CC-30, FNQ-R-30, KTK-R-30) or less are suitable for all SCCRs in this table.** Class L 800 A (KRP-C 800_SP) or less fuses suitable for this particular SCCR case.Upstream circuit breakers for SCCR and minimum enclosure dataThis table contains the tested SCCR levels for each PDBFS power distribution block using the specified lineside and loadside conductors and Eaton and General Electric circuit breakers. Using these tested SCCR levels also requires the power distribution block be installed in an enclosure with the minimum size indicated for each catalog number.PDBFS SCCR as rated with Eaton circuit breakersPDBFS2042/0 - #82/0 - #865480E125H, EGB125, E125B, EGE125,E125G, EGS125, E125S, PDG13P , PDG13M12516 x 16 x 6.75PDBFS330500 - #3#2 - #814480LGH400, L400H, LGE400, L400E, LGS400, L400S, PDG33M, PDG33G, PDG33K 40024 x 20 x 6.7525LGC400, L400C, LGU400,L400U, LGX400, L400X, PDG33P PDBFS377(2) 300 - #2#430480LGH600, L600H, LGE600, L600E, LGS600, L600S, PDG33M, PDG33G, PDG33K60024 x 20 x 6.75#618#814#442LGC600, L600C, LGU600,L600U, LGX600, L600X, PDG33P#635#8145Finger-safe power distribution blocksTechnical Data 10536Effective June 2021/bussmannseriesPDBFS SCCR as rated with General Electric circuit breakersPDBFS2042/0 - #82/0 - #848016 x 16 x 6.7525SEHA, PEAC, PEBC,PEAE, PEBE150PDBFS2202/0 - #8#4 - #1265480SELA, PEAN, PEBN 15016 x 16 x 6.7525SEHA, PEAC, PEBC,PEAE, PEBE150PDBFS303250 - #6350 - #665480SFLA, PEDN, PEEN 25024 x 20 x 6.75250 - #635SFHA, PEDE, PEEE 2503/0 - #6350 - #665SELA, PEAN, PEBN 15025SEHA, PEAC, PEBC,PEAE, PEBE150PDBFS330250 - #6#2 - #1265480SFLA, PEDN, PEEN 25024 x 20 x 6.7535SFHA, PEDE, PEEE 2503/0 - #665SELA, PEAN, PEBN 15025SEHA, PEAC, PEBC,PEAE, PEBE150Specified installation conditions for IP20 finger-safe ratingsThis table contains the installed wire and trim lengths, and other conditions the PDBFS power distribution blocks need in order to be compliant withIP20 specifications. IP20 compliance status is indicated in the lineside and loadside wire port and terminal screw opening columns.PDBFS2202/0 - #80.75 (19)Y es Y es #4 - #14Top row 0.55 (14), Bottom row 0.85 (22)Y es Y es Screws fully opened N/A Y es No wire in hole No N/A PDBFS303350kcmil - 2/01.35 (34)Y es Y es 350kcmil - 2/01.25 (32)Y es Y es 1/0 - #6No Y es 1/0 - #6No Y es PDBFS330500 - 250kcmil1.25 (32)Y esY es #2 - #14Top row 0.59 (15), Bottom row 1.2 (30)Y es Y es 4/0 - #6No Y es Screws fully opened N/A Y es No wire in hole Y es N/A PDBFS377300kcmil - 4/0Top row 1.15 (29)bottom row 1.4 (36)Y esY es #4 - #14Top row 0.55 (14), Middle row 1.00 (35), Bottom row 1.22 (31)Y es Y es 3/0 - #4No Y es Screws fully open N/A Y es Screws fully open N/A No No wire in port Y es N/A No wire in port No N/A PDBFS500350kcmil - 2/01.25 (32)NoY es 350kcmil - 2/01.25 (32)Y esY es 1/0 - #4No Y es 1/0 - #4No Y es Screws fully opened N/A No Screws fully open N/A No No wire in port No N/A No wire in port No N/A PDBFS504500 - 350kcmil 1.25 (32)Y esY es 500 - 350kcmil 1.25 (32)Y esY es 300 - #6No Y es 300 - #6No Y es Screws fully open N/A No Screws fully opened N/A No No wire in portNoN/ANo wire in portNoN/A6Technical Data 10536Effective June 2021Finger-safe power distribution blocks/bussmannseriesDimensions — in (mm)PDBFS2201.03 (26) 3.73 (95) 2.15 (54) 3.55 (90) 2.92 (74)0.20 (5)0.40 (10)N/A PDBFS3031.54 (39) 4.66 (118) 2.87 (73) 4.49 (114) 3.82 (97)0.20 (5)0.44 (11)N/A PDBFS3301.54 (39) 4.66 (118) 2.87 (73) 4.49 (114) 3.82 (97)0.20 (5)0.44 (11)N/A PDBFS3771.88 (47) 4.66 (118) 2.93 (74) 4.49 (114) 3.82 (97)0.20 (5)0.44 (11)N/A PDBFS500 2.37 (60) 4.66 (118) 2.60 (66) 4.49 (114) 3.82 (97)0.20 (5)0.44 (11)N/APDBFS5042.54 (64)4.49 (114)3.15 (80)—3.82 (97)0.20 (5)0.35 (9)1.81 (46)LinesideLoadsideLinesideLoadsidePDBFS220PDBFS204PDBFS303PDBFS3307Finger-safe power distribution blocksTechnical Data 10536Effective June 2021/bussmannseries LinesideLoadsideLinesideLoadsideLinesideLoadsidePDBFS377PDBFS500PDBFS504Multi-pole block gangingPDBFS power distribution blocks are single-pole devices that can be ganged for the required number of poles using the interlocking dovetail pins that are pre-installed on each block.To interlock and gang two or more blocks (DIN-Rail or panel mount):•Place blocks of the same catalog number side-by-side and slide the dovetail pin of one block into the reciprocal slot on the other and press together until fully seated and the backs of both blocks are coplanar.•Repeat the step above until the number of desired poles are gangedNote: Dissimilar PDBFS blocks can be ganged together. E.g., a PDBFS204 can be ganged with a PDBFS220 using the interlocking dovetailing pins. Ganging a PDBFS504 with any other PDBFS will prevent DIN-Rail mounting.Dovetailing feature permits easy ganging for multi-pole applications8Finger-safe power distribution blocksTechnical Data 10536Effective June 2021Eaton, Bussmann and OSCAR are valuable trademarks of Eaton in the U.S. and other countries. Y ou are not permitted to use the Eaton trademarks without prior written con-sent of Eaton.CSA is a registered trademark of the Canadian Standards Group.NEC is a registered trademark of the National Fire Protection Association, Inc.UL is a registered trademark of the Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.Eaton1000 Eaton Boulevard Cleveland, OH Bussmann Division 114 Old State Road Ellisville, MO 63021United States/bussmannseries © 2021 EatonAll Rights Reserved Publication No. 10536June 2021Follow us on social media to get thelatest product and support information.For Eaton’s Bussmann series product information,call 1-855-287-7626 or visit:/bussmannseriesThe only controlled copy of this data sheet is the electronic read-only version located on the Eaton network drive. All other copies of this document are by definition uncontrolled. This bulletin is intended to clearly present comprehensive product data and provide technical information that will help the end user with design applications. Eaton reserves the right, without notice, to change design or construction of any products and to discontinue or limit distribution of any products. Eaton also reserves the right to change or update, without notice, any technical information contained in this bulletin. Once a product has been selected, it should be tested by the user in all possible applications.DIN-Rail mountingAll versions of the Bussmann series PDBFS power distribution blocks can be DIN-Rail mounted except for the PDBFS504, which can only be panel mounted.It is recommended for multi-pole applications that the individual blocks be ganged using the included dovetailing feature. See Multi-pole block ganging for details.To mount, perform the following:•Using an appropriate size flat blade screw driver, open the DIN-Rail latch that is on the lineside of each block.•Hook the loadside DIN-Rail tabs onto the lower edge of the 35 mm DIN-Rail•Rotate the block(s) up until they are seated over the upper and lower edges of the DIN-Rail•Push the DIN-Rail latch(es) down and into the locked position.To remove blocks, reverse the previous steps.Note: To prevent damage to the block housing when torquing the terminal screws, DIN-Rail end stops are required on each side of the block or ganged blocks.The recommended Bussmann series DIN-Rail end stops are:BRKT-NDSCRW2DIN-Rail end stop with screw-clamp anchorPanel mountingAll Bussmann series PDBFS power distribution blocks can be panel mounted. It is recommended for multi-pole applications that the individual blocks be ganged using the included dovetailing feature. See Multi-pole block ganging for details.Use two (2) suitable length #10 or M5 screws for each block being mounted. Use four (4) screws for each PDBFS504 block. The max torque for the mounting screws is 17 in-lbs (1.92 N •m).SCCR tools and resourcesEaton offers many resources that help customers understand and assess their SCCR needs.Please use the following whenever you have questions, concerns or just need help with SCCR ratings.Engineering services for SCCROSCAR™ compliance software eliminates the guesswork in equipment SCCR calculations.This innovative OSCAR compliance software assists customer compliance with new Code and standards requirements for short-circuit current ratings as they relate to control panels, equipment and assemblies. Go to and request a seven-day free trial.If your equipment SCCR needs improvement, contact the Bussmann Application Engineers for a free design review. Call toll-free1-855-BUSSMANN (855-287-7626) or email FuseT *************.Online SCCR tools and publications•Free SCCR Protection Suite online tool. An easy, fast way to search for components and their SCCRs. Visit .•Application notes:• Developing an effective SCCR plan for facilities and purchasers of industrial equipment — publication no. 10367•Developing an equipment SCCR standard for manufacturers of industrial equipment — publication no. 10368•Four steps to determine equipment SCCR — publication no. 10538• Equipment SCCR made easy brochure — publication no. 10374•SPD (Selecting Protective Devices) handbook; over 250 pages covering the application of overcurrent protective devices, SCCR and more — publication no. 3002。
Aptiv OCS 1.5 Sealed Series 连接器说明书
| © 2018 Aptiv. All rights reservedAbout AptivVisit OCS 1.5 SEALED SERIESOCS FAMILY BENEFITS• Compatibility with industry standard mating interfaces• Robust reliability and designed-in durability • Enhanced connection system warranty performance1.5 SEALED SERIES FEATURES• Housing lock overstress protection to prevent lock relaxation or damage• Polyester resins for enhanced audible click for improved operator build feedback and dimensional stability in all seasons• Optimized Primary Lock Reinforcement (PLR) for improved unseated terminal detection• Cavity designed with positive forward stop to prevent terminal push through• Optimized optional Connector Position Assurance (CPA) to provide additional lock performance to ensure connectors stay matedAVAILABLE CONFIGURATIONSTEMPERATUREVIBRATIONAPPLICATIONSSEALING CLASSCavity count (ways)2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16Genders Male & Female Indexes4 USCAR standard, +2Primary LockReinforcement (PLR)Yes Connector Position Assurance (CPA)OptionalInline applicationsSee back page for representative part numbers.OCS 1.5 Sealed Female ConnectorOCS 1.5 Sealed Male ConnectorS3V2 | © 2018 Aptiv. All rights reservedPart numbers, specifications, dimensions and performance data in this document are for general references only and are subject to change without notice. To verify product information, please contact an Aptiv representative.Please, refer to the OCS catalogue for the full part number list.CS-SP52-OCS-En08181 with 7 mm Clip slot 2with 11 mm Clip slotDIMENSION MEASUREMENT SAMPLEEXPLODED VIEWCOMPATIBLE WITHOCS 1.5 Sealed Female Connector OCS 1.5 Sealed Male ConnectorHousingMat SealHousing Primary Lock Reinforcement(PLR)Primary Lock Reinforcement(PLR)Strain Relief CoverStrain Relief CoverMat SealSealConnector Position Assurance(CPA)OCS 1.5 Terminals。
极限交换机VDX6740和VDX6740T产品介绍说明书
The VDX 674 0 T-1G ( Fig ure 3) offers 4 8 10 0 0 BA SE-T p ort s and t w o 4 0 Gb E QSFP+ p ort s. Each 4 0 Gb E p ort can b e b roken out int o four ind ep end ent 10 Gb E SFP+ p ort s, p rovid ing an ad d it ional eig ht 10 Gb E SFP+ p ort s for up link. A ll 4 8 10 0 0 BA SE-T p ort s can b e up g rad ed t o 4 8 10 GBA SE-T p ort s via t he Cap acit y on Dem and (CoD) soft w are license. Tw o 4 0 Gb E p ort s are enab led as p art of t he b ase license. The ad d it ional t w o 4 0 Gb E p ort s can b e up g rad ed via t he Port s on Dem and ( PoD) soft w are license.
- Meet s t od ay?s ap p licat ion d em and s w it h high perform ance and low latency
- Delivers line-rate t hroughput for all p ort s and p acket sizes
Dat a Sheet
GMRC Surge Guide Line
GMRC Guideline – Release Version 4.3 Application Guideline for Centrifugal Compressor Surge Control Systems
APPLICATION GUIDELINE FOR CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR SURGE CONTROL SYSTEMS
RELEASE VERSION 4.3
April 2008 Gas Machinery Research Council Southwest Research Insti Release Version 4.3 Application Guideline for Centrifugal Compressor Surge Control Systems
The Gas Machinery Research Council provides its member companies and industry with the benefits of an applied research and technology program directed toward improving reliability and cost effectiveness of the design, construction and operation of mechanical and fluid systems. GMRC’s vision is to be a leading, financially self-sufficient, not-for-profit research corporation that provides focused, cost-effective technology and services for the global marketplace in the rapidly changing natural gas, oil and petrochemical industries.
特斯拉电动汽车用户手册说明书
visit /zonedrooftopsystemsEf fi cient system operationTrane® Zoned Rooftop Systems take advantage of the newest technologies to improve comfort and increase ef fi ciency in small buildings.Trane rooftop units are available in a range of ef fi ciency tiers to match your budget and energy use goals. Variable-speed technologies areavailable to adjust compressor and fan speeds to more precisely match load requirements. This improves comfort in the space while reducing energy use at the same time. Zoned Rooftop Systems also offer integrated demand-controlled ventilation and economizer free cooling, further reducing energy use.To fully capitalize on the performance bene fi ts offered by these advanced technologies, integrated system control is a vital part of the solution. The Tracer® Concierge™ control system provides advanced optimization strategies to reduce energy use while improving occupant comfort, and is smart enough to let you know when service is needed to sustain optimal performance.Cost-effective, superior comfort for small buildingsTrane® Zoned Rooftop Systems are available in single- or multiple-zone con fi gurations to provide cost-effective comfort control for different areas of the building with varying comfort needs.The Tracer® Concierge™ control system offers the bene fi ts of a building automation system—without the complexity—and goes beyond managing individual rooms by operating the building smartly and ef fi ciently. It provides advanced capabilities for multiple-zone systems, is easy to use, and offers worry-free operation.Easy to design, install, and operatePackaged rooftop units provide cooling, heating, and ventilation in a single piece of equipment, simplifying system design, installation, and maintenance.Trane® Zoned Rooftop Systems use pre-engineered components and factory-installed controls that are designed to work together, contributing to on-time and on-budget installation. They use familiar components and are easy to recon fi gure if the space use changes in the future.The pre-packaged Tracer® Concierge™ system control panel, with its auto-discovery and con fi guration capabilities, allows for easier and faster installation. It includes an intuitive, easy-to-use operator interface on a 10-inch touchscreen display, along with mobile apps that allow the operator or service provider to manage the building from anywhere.The use of Air-Fi® Wireless controls results in faster project completion, increased sensor location fl exibility, greater reliability due to self-healing mesh networking, and easier relocation to accommodate future space use changes.ZO N E D R O O F TO P S YS T E M SLight commercial rooftop systems from TraneTrane® Zoned Rooftop Systems provide customers with affordable options for small buildings, to increase comfort and ef fi ciency, whilesimplifying maintenance.VAV terminal units (200 to 8000 cfm)• Trane fl ow ring provides unmatched air fl ow measurement accuracy and control • Durable, heavy-gauge air valve cylinder• modulating control• Air-Fi® Wireless communications • Retro fit dampers available for upgrading existing systemsTrane - by Trane Tech nologies (NYSE: TT), a global climate innovator - creates comfortable, energy efficient indoor environments for commercial and residential applications. For more information, please visit or .Trane h as a policy of continuous product and product data improvement and reserves th e righ t to ch ange design and specifications without notice. We are committed to using environmentally conscious print practices.All trademarks referenced are the trademarks of their respective owners.©2020 Trane. All Rights Reserved. ENV-SLB024C-ENNovember 5, 2020•single piece of equipment• able-speed fan control• Three tiers of effi ciency: standard, high, or ultra-high•••Pre-programmed, factory-installed ReliaT el™ DDC controls with wired or Air-Fi® Wireless communicationsAir-Fi® Wireless controls• Eliminates wires between equipment controllers and zone sensors, and between equipment and system controllers, allowing for faster installation, increased location fl exibility, and easier relocation• Self-healing wireless mesh and extended signal range maximize reliability• Supports open communication protocols through conformance with ASHRAE® Standard 135 (BACnet®/ZigBee®)• Up to four sensing functions in one zone sensor: temperature, humidity, occupan-cy, and CO 2• 15-year lifetime batteries。
Infoprint 250 導入と計画の手引き 第 7 章ホスト
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2017Robotchanllenge国际赛介绍手册
2017RC国际赛介绍手册一、RobotChallenge及RC中国赛介绍:1.RobotChallengeRobotChallenge,由奥地利科技部、奥地利计算机创新实验室创立于2004年,至今有世界56个国家参与,是目前欧洲公认最大规模的机器人赛事,也是目前世界最大型的人工智能机器人竞赛之一。
RobotChallenge由13个比赛项目组成,囊括相扑,循线,空中竞速,人形短跑,冰球采集,创意赛等,为不同年龄层提供了合适的挑战,不管是初学者还是经验丰富的机器人设计师。
RobotChallenge参与者来自全球的中小学,大学,科技公司,创客俱乐部,社会团体等。
竞赛之外,各种机器人创意和创客作品也将借由RobotChallenge的平台展示给全球观众。
在过去的十几年里,RobotChallenge成为机器人技术在全球领域里最大的事件之一。
2015年,参赛国家40个,参赛队伍640支,参赛1350+,参与者,参赛队伍640支,参赛者1350+,参与者12000+。
2016年,参赛国家42个,参赛队伍645支,参赛者1500+,参与者15000+。
2.RobotChallenge中国赛RobotChallenge中国赛已经成功举办两届。
2015年7月29日-8月2日,北京展览馆,325支参赛队伍,608名队员,1000+参赛者,来自全国21个省;2016年8月5日-8月8日,大连国际会展中心,344支参赛队伍,714名队员,2000+参赛者,来自全国20个省。
3.RobotChallenge 2017简述RobotChallenge历年举办地均为奥地利维也纳市中心的三层科学会堂。
2017年8月4-6日,RobotChallenge将在北京中关村国家创新示范区展示中心举办,赛事已纳入2017全国大众创业万众创新活动周北京会场---中关村创新创业季国际活动项目,中关村创新创业季由科学技术部火炬高技术产业开发中心、北京市科学技术委员会、中关村科技园区管理委员会、海淀区人民政府主办,是RobotChallenge历史上第一次离开维也纳,来到中国。
Indradrive 系列 故障代码
Error MessagesF9001 Error internal function call.F9002 Error internal RTOS function callF9003 WatchdogF9004 Hardware trapF8000 Fatal hardware errorF8010 Autom. commutation: Max. motion range when moving back F8011 Commutation offset could not be determinedF8012 Autom. commutation: Max. motion rangeF8013 Automatic commutation: Current too lowF8014 Automatic commutation: OvercurrentF8015 Automatic commutation: TimeoutF8016 Automatic commutation: Iteration without resultF8017 Automatic commutation: Incorrect commutation adjustment F8018 Device overtemperature shutdownF8022 Enc. 1: Enc. signals incorr. (can be cleared in ph. 2) F8023 Error mechanical link of encoder or motor connectionF8025 Overvoltage in power sectionF8027 Safe torque off while drive enabledF8028 Overcurrent in power sectionF8030 Safe stop 1 while drive enabledF8042 Encoder 2 error: Signal amplitude incorrectF8057 Device overload shutdownF8060 Overcurrent in power sectionF8064 Interruption of motor phaseF8067 Synchronization PWM-Timer wrongF8069 +/-15Volt DC errorF8070 +24Volt DC errorF8076 Error in error angle loopF8078 Speed loop error.F8079 Velocity limit value exceededF8091 Power section defectiveF8100 Error when initializing the parameter handlingF8102 Error when initializing power sectionF8118 Invalid power section/firmware combinationF8120 Invalid control section/firmware combinationF8122 Control section defectiveF8129 Incorrect optional module firmwareF8130 Firmware of option 2 of safety technology defectiveF8133 Error when checking interrupting circuitsF8134 SBS: Fatal errorF8135 SMD: Velocity exceededF8140 Fatal CCD error.F8201 Safety command for basic initialization incorrectF8203 Safety technology configuration parameter invalidF8813 Connection error mains chokeF8830 Power section errorF8838 Overcurrent external braking resistorF7010 Safely-limited increment exceededF7011 Safely-monitored position, exceeded in pos. DirectionF7012 Safely-monitored position, exceeded in neg. DirectionF7013 Safely-limited speed exceededF7020 Safe maximum speed exceededF7021 Safely-limited position exceededF7030 Position window Safe stop 2 exceededF7031 Incorrect direction of motionF7040 Validation error parameterized - effective thresholdF7041 Actual position value validation errorF7042 Validation error of safe operation modeF7043 Error of output stage interlockF7050 Time for stopping process exceeded8.3.15 F7051 Safely-monitored deceleration exceeded (159)8.4 Travel Range Errors (F6xxx) (161)8.4.1 Behavior in the Case of Travel Range Errors (161)8.4.2 F6010 PLC Runtime Error (162)8.4.3 F6024 Maximum braking time exceeded (163)8.4.4 F6028 Position limit value exceeded (overflow) (164)8.4.5 F6029 Positive position limit exceeded (164)8.4.6 F6030 Negative position limit exceeded (165)8.4.7 F6034 Emergency-Stop (166)8.4.8 F6042 Both travel range limit switches activated (167)8.4.9 F6043 Positive travel range limit switch activated (167)8.4.10 F6044 Negative travel range limit switch activated (168)8.4.11 F6140 CCD slave error (emergency halt) (169)8.5 Interface Errors (F4xxx) (169)8.5.1 Behavior in the Case of Interface Errors (169)8.5.2 F4001 Sync telegram failure (170)8.5.3 F4002 RTD telegram failure (171)8.5.4 F4003 Invalid communication phase shutdown (172)8.5.5 F4004 Error during phase progression (172)8.5.6 F4005 Error during phase regression (173)8.5.7 F4006 Phase switching without ready signal (173)8.5.8 F4009 Bus failure (173)8.5.9 F4012 Incorrect I/O length (175)8.5.10 F4016 PLC double real-time channel failure (176)8.5.11 F4017 S-III: Incorrect sequence during phase switch (176)8.5.12 F4034 Emergency-Stop (177)8.5.13 F4140 CCD communication error (178)8.6 Non-Fatal Safety Technology Errors (F3xxx) (178)8.6.1 Behavior in the Case of Non-Fatal Safety Technology Errors (178)8.6.2 F3111 Refer. missing when selecting safety related end pos (179)8.6.3 F3112 Safe reference missing (179)8.6.4 F3115 Brake check time interval exceeded (181)Troubleshooting Guide | Rexroth IndraDrive Electric Drivesand ControlsI Bosch Rexroth AG VII/XXIITable of ContentsPage8.6.5 F3116 Nominal load torque of holding system exceeded (182)8.6.6 F3117 Actual position values validation error (182)8.6.7 F3122 SBS: System error (183)8.6.8 F3123 SBS: Brake check missing (184)8.6.9 F3130 Error when checking input signals (185)8.6.10 F3131 Error when checking acknowledgment signal (185)8.6.11 F3132 Error when checking diagnostic output signal (186)8.6.12 F3133 Error when checking interrupting circuits (187)8.6.13 F3134 Dynamization time interval incorrect (188)8.6.14 F3135 Dynamization pulse width incorrect (189)8.6.15 F3140 Safety parameters validation error (192)8.6.16 F3141 Selection validation error (192)8.6.17 F3142 Activation time of enabling control exceeded (193)8.6.18 F3143 Safety command for clearing errors incorrect (194)8.6.19 F3144 Incorrect safety configuration (195)8.6.20 F3145 Error when unlocking the safety door (196)8.6.21 F3146 System error channel 2 (197)8.6.22 F3147 System error channel 1 (198)8.6.23 F3150 Safety command for system start incorrect (199)8.6.24 F3151 Safety command for system halt incorrect (200)8.6.25 F3152 Incorrect backup of safety technology data (201)8.6.26 F3160 Communication error of safe communication (202)8.7 Non-Fatal Errors (F2xxx) (202)8.7.1 Behavior in the Case of Non-Fatal Errors (202)8.7.2 F2002 Encoder assignment not allowed for synchronization (203)8.7.3 F2003 Motion step skipped (203)8.7.4 F2004 Error in MotionProfile (204)8.7.5 F2005 Cam table invalid (205)8.7.6 F2006 MMC was removed (206)8.7.7 F2007 Switching to non-initialized operation mode (206)8.7.8 F2008 RL The motor type has changed (207)8.7.9 F2009 PL Load parameter default values (208)8.7.10 F2010 Error when initializing digital I/O (-> S-0-0423) (209)8.7.11 F2011 PLC - Error no. 1 (210)8.7.12 F2012 PLC - Error no. 2 (210)8.7.13 F2013 PLC - Error no. 3 (211)8.7.14 F2014 PLC - Error no. 4 (211)8.7.15 F2018 Device overtemperature shutdown (211)8.7.16 F2019 Motor overtemperature shutdown (212)8.7.17 F2021 Motor temperature monitor defective (213)8.7.18 F2022 Device temperature monitor defective (214)8.7.19 F2025 Drive not ready for control (214)8.7.20 F2026 Undervoltage in power section (215)8.7.21 F2027 Excessive oscillation in DC bus (216)8.7.22 F2028 Excessive deviation (216)8.7.23 F2031 Encoder 1 error: Signal amplitude incorrect (217)VIII/XXII Bosch Rexroth AG | Electric Drivesand ControlsRexroth IndraDrive | Troubleshooting GuideTable of ContentsPage8.7.24 F2032 Validation error during commutation fine adjustment (217)8.7.25 F2033 External power supply X10 error (218)8.7.26 F2036 Excessive position feedback difference (219)8.7.27 F2037 Excessive position command difference (220)8.7.28 F2039 Maximum acceleration exceeded (220)8.7.29 F2040 Device overtemperature 2 shutdown (221)8.7.30 F2042 Encoder 2: Encoder signals incorrect (222)8.7.31 F2043 Measuring encoder: Encoder signals incorrect (222)8.7.32 F2044 External power supply X15 error (223)8.7.33 F2048 Low battery voltage (224)8.7.34 F2050 Overflow of target position preset memory (225)8.7.35 F2051 No sequential block in target position preset memory (225)8.7.36 F2053 Incr. encoder emulator: Pulse frequency too high (226)8.7.37 F2054 Incr. encoder emulator: Hardware error (226)8.7.38 F2055 External power supply dig. I/O error (227)8.7.39 F2057 Target position out of travel range (227)8.7.40 F2058 Internal overflow by positioning input (228)8.7.41 F2059 Incorrect command value direction when positioning (229)8.7.42 F2063 Internal overflow master axis generator (230)8.7.43 F2064 Incorrect cmd value direction master axis generator (230)8.7.44 F2067 Synchronization to master communication incorrect (231)8.7.45 F2068 Brake error (231)8.7.46 F2069 Error when releasing the motor holding brake (232)8.7.47 F2074 Actual pos. value 1 outside absolute encoder window (232)8.7.48 F2075 Actual pos. value 2 outside absolute encoder window (233)8.7.49 F2076 Actual pos. value 3 outside absolute encoder window (234)8.7.50 F2077 Current measurement trim wrong (235)8.7.51 F2086 Error supply module (236)8.7.52 F2087 Module group communication error (236)8.7.53 F2100 Incorrect access to command value memory (237)8.7.54 F2101 It was impossible to address MMC (237)8.7.55 F2102 It was impossible to address I2C memory (238)8.7.56 F2103 It was impossible to address EnDat memory (238)8.7.57 F2104 Commutation offset invalid (239)8.7.58 F2105 It was impossible to address Hiperface memory (239)8.7.59 F2110 Error in non-cyclical data communic. of power section (240)8.7.60 F2120 MMC: Defective or missing, replace (240)8.7.61 F2121 MMC: Incorrect data or file, create correctly (241)8.7.62 F2122 MMC: Incorrect IBF file, correct it (241)8.7.63 F2123 Retain data backup impossible (242)8.7.64 F2124 MMC: Saving too slowly, replace (243)8.7.65 F2130 Error comfort control panel (243)8.7.66 F2140 CCD slave error (243)8.7.67 F2150 MLD motion function block error (244)8.7.68 F2174 Loss of motor encoder reference (244)8.7.69 F2175 Loss of optional encoder reference (245)Troubleshooting Guide | Rexroth IndraDrive Electric Drivesand Controls| Bosch Rexroth AG IX/XXIITable of ContentsPage8.7.70 F2176 Loss of measuring encoder reference (246)8.7.71 F2177 Modulo limitation error of motor encoder (246)8.7.72 F2178 Modulo limitation error of optional encoder (247)8.7.73 F2179 Modulo limitation error of measuring encoder (247)8.7.74 F2190 Incorrect Ethernet configuration (248)8.7.75 F2260 Command current limit shutoff (249)8.7.76 F2270 Analog input 1 or 2, wire break (249)8.7.77 F2802 PLL is not synchronized (250)8.7.78 F2814 Undervoltage in mains (250)8.7.79 F2815 Overvoltage in mains (251)8.7.80 F2816 Softstart fault power supply unit (251)8.7.81 F2817 Overvoltage in power section (251)8.7.82 F2818 Phase failure (252)8.7.83 F2819 Mains failure (253)8.7.84 F2820 Braking resistor overload (253)8.7.85 F2821 Error in control of braking resistor (254)8.7.86 F2825 Switch-on threshold braking resistor too low (255)8.7.87 F2833 Ground fault in motor line (255)8.7.88 F2834 Contactor control error (256)8.7.89 F2835 Mains contactor wiring error (256)8.7.90 F2836 DC bus balancing monitor error (257)8.7.91 F2837 Contactor monitoring error (257)8.7.92 F2840 Error supply shutdown (257)8.7.93 F2860 Overcurrent in mains-side power section (258)8.7.94 F2890 Invalid device code (259)8.7.95 F2891 Incorrect interrupt timing (259)8.7.96 F2892 Hardware variant not supported (259)8.8 SERCOS Error Codes / Error Messages of Serial Communication (259)9 Warnings (Exxxx) (263)9.1 Fatal Warnings (E8xxx) (263)9.1.1 Behavior in the Case of Fatal Warnings (263)9.1.2 E8025 Overvoltage in power section (263)9.1.3 E8026 Undervoltage in power section (264)9.1.4 E8027 Safe torque off while drive enabled (265)9.1.5 E8028 Overcurrent in power section (265)9.1.6 E8029 Positive position limit exceeded (266)9.1.7 E8030 Negative position limit exceeded (267)9.1.8 E8034 Emergency-Stop (268)9.1.9 E8040 Torque/force actual value limit active (268)9.1.10 E8041 Current limit active (269)9.1.11 E8042 Both travel range limit switches activated (269)9.1.12 E8043 Positive travel range limit switch activated (270)9.1.13 E8044 Negative travel range limit switch activated (271)9.1.14 E8055 Motor overload, current limit active (271)9.1.15 E8057 Device overload, current limit active (272)X/XXII Bosch Rexroth AG | Electric Drivesand ControlsRexroth IndraDrive | Troubleshooting GuideTable of ContentsPage9.1.16 E8058 Drive system not ready for operation (273)9.1.17 E8260 Torque/force command value limit active (273)9.1.18 E8802 PLL is not synchronized (274)9.1.19 E8814 Undervoltage in mains (275)9.1.20 E8815 Overvoltage in mains (275)9.1.21 E8818 Phase failure (276)9.1.22 E8819 Mains failure (276)9.2 Warnings of Category E4xxx (277)9.2.1 E4001 Double MST failure shutdown (277)9.2.2 E4002 Double MDT failure shutdown (278)9.2.3 E4005 No command value input via master communication (279)9.2.4 E4007 SERCOS III: Consumer connection failed (280)9.2.5 E4008 Invalid addressing command value data container A (280)9.2.6 E4009 Invalid addressing actual value data container A (281)9.2.7 E4010 Slave not scanned or address 0 (281)9.2.8 E4012 Maximum number of CCD slaves exceeded (282)9.2.9 E4013 Incorrect CCD addressing (282)9.2.10 E4014 Incorrect phase switch of CCD slaves (283)9.3 Possible Warnings When Operating Safety Technology (E3xxx) (283)9.3.1 Behavior in Case a Safety Technology Warning Occurs (283)9.3.2 E3100 Error when checking input signals (284)9.3.3 E3101 Error when checking acknowledgment signal (284)9.3.4 E3102 Actual position values validation error (285)9.3.5 E3103 Dynamization failed (285)9.3.6 E3104 Safety parameters validation error (286)9.3.7 E3105 Validation error of safe operation mode (286)9.3.8 E3106 System error safety technology (287)9.3.9 E3107 Safe reference missing (287)9.3.10 E3108 Safely-monitored deceleration exceeded (288)9.3.11 E3110 Time interval of forced dynamization exceeded (289)9.3.12 E3115 Prewarning, end of brake check time interval (289)9.3.13 E3116 Nominal load torque of holding system reached (290)9.4 Non-Fatal Warnings (E2xxx) (290)9.4.1 Behavior in Case a Non-Fatal Warning Occurs (290)9.4.2 E2010 Position control with encoder 2 not possible (291)9.4.3 E2011 PLC - Warning no. 1 (291)9.4.4 E2012 PLC - Warning no. 2 (291)9.4.5 E2013 PLC - Warning no. 3 (292)9.4.6 E2014 PLC - Warning no. 4 (292)9.4.7 E2021 Motor temperature outside of measuring range (292)9.4.8 E2026 Undervoltage in power section (293)9.4.9 E2040 Device overtemperature 2 prewarning (294)9.4.10 E2047 Interpolation velocity = 0 (294)9.4.11 E2048 Interpolation acceleration = 0 (295)9.4.12 E2049 Positioning velocity >= limit value (296)9.4.13 E2050 Device overtemp. Prewarning (297)Troubleshooting Guide | Rexroth IndraDrive Electric Drivesand Controls| Bosch Rexroth AG XI/XXIITable of ContentsPage9.4.14 E2051 Motor overtemp. prewarning (298)9.4.15 E2053 Target position out of travel range (298)9.4.16 E2054 Not homed (300)9.4.17 E2055 Feedrate override S-0-0108 = 0 (300)9.4.18 E2056 Torque limit = 0 (301)9.4.19 E2058 Selected positioning block has not been programmed (302)9.4.20 E2059 Velocity command value limit active (302)9.4.21 E2061 Device overload prewarning (303)9.4.22 E2063 Velocity command value > limit value (304)9.4.23 E2064 Target position out of num. range (304)9.4.24 E2069 Holding brake torque too low (305)9.4.25 E2070 Acceleration limit active (306)9.4.26 E2074 Encoder 1: Encoder signals disturbed (306)9.4.27 E2075 Encoder 2: Encoder signals disturbed (307)9.4.28 E2076 Measuring encoder: Encoder signals disturbed (308)9.4.29 E2077 Absolute encoder monitoring, motor encoder (encoder alarm) (308)9.4.30 E2078 Absolute encoder monitoring, opt. encoder (encoder alarm) (309)9.4.31 E2079 Absolute enc. monitoring, measuring encoder (encoder alarm) (309)9.4.32 E2086 Prewarning supply module overload (310)9.4.33 E2092 Internal synchronization defective (310)9.4.34 E2100 Positioning velocity of master axis generator too high (311)9.4.35 E2101 Acceleration of master axis generator is zero (312)9.4.36 E2140 CCD error at node (312)9.4.37 E2270 Analog input 1 or 2, wire break (312)9.4.38 E2802 HW control of braking resistor (313)9.4.39 E2810 Drive system not ready for operation (314)9.4.40 E2814 Undervoltage in mains (314)9.4.41 E2816 Undervoltage in power section (314)9.4.42 E2818 Phase failure (315)9.4.43 E2819 Mains failure (315)9.4.44 E2820 Braking resistor overload prewarning (316)9.4.45 E2829 Not ready for power on (316)。
自动化专业英语词汇
induction machine 感应式机电horseshoe magnet 马蹄形磁铁magnetic field 磁场eddy current 涡流right-hand rule 右手定则left-hand rule 左手定则slip 转差率induction motor 感应电动机rotating magnetic field 旋转磁场winding 绕组stator 定子rotor 转子induced current 感生电流time-phase 时间相位exciting voltage 励磁电压solt 槽lamination 叠片laminated core 叠片铁芯short-circuiting ring 短路环squirrel cage 鼠笼rotor core 转子铁芯cast-aluminum rotor 铸铝转子bronze 青铜horsepower 马力random-wound 散绕insulation 绝缘ac motor 交流环电动机end ring 端环alloy 合金coil winding 线圈绕组form-wound 模绕performance characteristic 工作特性frequency 频率revolutions per minute 转/分motoring 电动机驱动generating 发电per-unit value 标么值breakdown torque 极限转矩breakaway force 起步阻力overhauling 检修wind-driven generator 风动发机电revolutions per second 转/秒number of poles 极数speed-torque curve 转速力矩特性曲线plugging 反向制动synchronous speed 同步转速percentage 百分数locked-rotor torque 锁定转子转矩full-load torque 满载转矩prime mover 原动机inrush current 涌流magnetizing reacance 磁化电抗line-to-neutral 线与中性点间的staor winding 定子绕组leakage reactance 漏磁电抗no-load 空载full load 满载Polyphase 多相(的)iron-loss 铁损complex impedance 复数阻抗rotor resistance 转子电阻leakage flux 漏磁通locked-rotor 锁定转子chopper circuit 斩波电路separately excited 他励的compounded 复励dc motor 直流电动机de machine 直流机电speed regulation 速度调节shunt 并励series 串励armature circuit 电枢电路optical fiber 光纤interoffice 局间的waveguide 波导波导管bandwidth 带宽light emitting diode 发光二极管silica 硅石二氧化硅regeneration 再生, 后反馈放大coaxial 共轴的,同轴的high-performance 高性能的carrier 载波mature 成熟的Single Side Band(SSB) 单边带coupling capacitor 结合电容propagate 传导传播modulator 调制器demodulator 解调器line trap 限波器shunt 分路器Amplitude Modulation(AM)调幅Frequency Shift Keying(FSK)移频键控tuner 调谐器attenuate 衰减incident 入射的two-way configuration 二线制generator voltage 发电机电压dc generator 直流发机电polyphase rectifier 多相整流器boost 增压time constant 时间常数forward transfer function 正向传递函数error signal 误差信号regulator 调节器stabilizing transformer 稳定变压器time delay 延时direct axis transient time constant 直轴瞬变时间常数transient response 瞬态响应solid state 固体buck 补偿operational calculus 算符演算gain 增益pole 极点feedback signal 反馈信号dynamic response 动态响应voltage control system 电压控制系统mismatch 失配error detector 误差检测器excitation system 励磁系统field current 励磁电流transistor 晶体管high-gain 高增益boost-buck 升压去磁feedback system 反馈系统reactive power 无功功率feedback loop 反馈回路automatic Voltage regulator(AVR)自动电压调整器reference Voltage 基准电压magnetic amplifier 磁放大器amplidyne 微场扩流发机电self-exciting 自励的limiter 限幅器manual control 手动控制block diagram 方框图linear zone 线性区potential transformer 电压互感器stabilization network 稳定网络stabilizer 稳定器air-gap flux 气隙磁通saturation effect 饱和效应saturation curve 饱和曲线flux linkage 磁链per unit value 标么值shunt field 并励磁场magnetic circuit 磁路load-saturation curve 负载饱和曲线air-gap line 气隙磁化线polyphase rectifier 多相整流器circuit components 电路元件circuit parameters 电路参数electrical device 电气设备electric energy 电能primary cell 原生电池energy converter 电能转换器conductor 导体heating appliance 电热器direct-current 直流time invariant 时不变的self-inductor 自感mutual-inductor 互感the dielectric 电介质storage battery 蓄电池e.m.f = electromotive fore 电动势unidirectional current 单方向性电流circuit diagram 电路图load characteristic 负载特性terminal voltage 端电压external characteristic 外特性conductance 电导volt-ampere characteristics 伏安特性carbon-filament lamp 碳丝灯泡ideal source 理想电源internal resistance 内阻active (passive) circuit elements 有(无)源电路元件leakage current 漏电流circuit branch 支路P.D. = potential drop 电压降potential distribution 电位分布r.m.s values = root mean square values 均方根值effective values 有效值steady direct current 恒稳直流电sinusoidal time function 正弦时间函数complex number 复数Cartesian coordinates 笛卡儿坐标系modulus 模real part 实部imaginary part 虚部displacement current 位移电流trigonometric transformations 瞬时值epoch angle 初相角phase displacement 相位差signal amplifier 小信号放大器mid-frequency band 中频带bipolar junction transistor (BJT)双极性晶体管field effect transistor (FET)场效应管electrode 电极电焊条polarity 极性gain 增益isolation 隔离分离绝缘隔振emitter 发射管放射器发射极collector 集电极base 基极self-bias resistor 自偏置电阻triangular symbol 三角符号phase reversal 反相infinite voltage gain 无穷大电压增益feedback component 反馈元件differentiation 微分integration 积分下限impedance 阻抗fidelity 保真度summing circuit 总和路线反馈系统中的比较环节Oscillation 振荡inverse 倒数admittance 导纳transformer 变压器turns ratio 变比匝比ampere-turns 安匝(数)mutual flux 交互(主)磁通vector equation 向(相)量方程power frequency 工频capacitance effect 电容效应induction machine 感应机电shunt excited 并励series excited 串励separately excited 他励self excited 自励field winding 磁场绕组励磁绕组speed-torque characteristic 速度转矩特性dynamic-state operation 动态运行salient poles 凸极excited by 励磁field coils 励磁线圈air-gap flux distribution 气隙磁通分布direct axis 直轴armature coil 电枢线圈rotating commutator 旋转(整流子)换向器commutator-brush combination 换向器-电刷总线mechanical rectifier 机械式整流器armature m.m.f. wave 电枢磁势波Geometrical position 几何位置magnetic torque 电磁转矩spatial waveform 空间波形sinusoidal –density wave 正弦磁密度external armature circuit 电枢外电路instantaneous electric power 瞬时电功率instantaneous mechanical power 瞬时机械功率effects of saturation 饱和效应reluctance 磁阻power amplifier 功率放大器compound generator 复励发机电rheostat 变阻器self –excitation process 自励过程commutation condition 换向状况cumulatively compounded motor 积复励电动机operating condition 运行状态equivalent T –circuit T型等值电路rotor (stator) winding 转子(定子绕组)winding loss 绕组(铜)损耗prime motor 原动机active component 有功分量reactive component 无功分量electromagnetic torque 电磁转矩retarding torque 制动转矩inductive component 感性(无功)分量abscissa axis 横坐标induction generator 感应发机电synchronous generator 同步发机电automatic station 无人值守电站hydropower station 水电站process of self –excitation 自励过程auxiliary motor 辅助电动机technical specifications 技术条件voltage across the terminals 端电压steady –state condition 瞬态暂态reactive in respect to 相对….性active in respect to 相对….呈阻性synchronous condenser 同步进相(调相)机coincide in phase with 与….同相synchronous reactance 同步电抗algebraic 代数的algorithmic 算法的1--master element主要元件,是指控制开关等元件。
Glider Flying Handbook说明书
Glider Flying Handbook2013U.S. Department of TransportationFEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATIONFlight Standards Servicei iPrefaceThe Glider Flying Handbook is designed as a technical manual for applicants who are preparing for glider category rating and for currently certificated glider pilots who wish to improve their knowledge. Certificated flight instructors will find this handbook a valuable training aid, since detailed coverage of aeronautical decision-making, components and systems, aerodynamics, flight instruments, performance limitations, ground operations, flight maneuvers, traffic patterns, emergencies, soaring weather, soaring techniques, and cross-country flight is included. Topics such as radio navigation and communication, use of flight information publications, and regulations are available in other Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) publications.The discussion and explanations reflect the most commonly used practices and principles. Occasionally, the word “must” or similar language is used where the desired action is deemed critical. The use of such language is not intended to add to, interpret, or relieve a duty imposed by Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR). Persons working towards a glider rating are advised to review the references from the applicable practical test standards (FAA-G-8082-4, Sport Pilot and Flight Instructor with a Sport Pilot Rating Knowledge Test Guide, FAA-G-8082-5, Commercial Pilot Knowledge Test Guide, and FAA-G-8082-17, Recreational Pilot and Private Pilot Knowledge Test Guide). Resources for study include FAA-H-8083-25, Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, FAA-H-8083-2, Risk Management Handbook, and Advisory Circular (AC) 00-6, Aviation Weather For Pilots and Flight Operations Personnel, AC 00-45, Aviation Weather Services, as these documents contain basic material not duplicated herein. All beginning applicants should refer to FAA-H-8083-25, Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, for study and basic library reference.It is essential for persons using this handbook to become familiar with and apply the pertinent parts of 14 CFR and the Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM). The AIM is available online at . The current Flight Standards Service airman training and testing material and learning statements for all airman certificates and ratings can be obtained from .This handbook supersedes FAA-H-8083-13, Glider Flying Handbook, dated 2003. Always select the latest edition of any publication and check the website for errata pages and listing of changes to FAA educational publications developed by the FAA’s Airman Testing Standards Branch, AFS-630.This handbook is available for download, in PDF format, from .This handbook is published by the United States Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, Airman Testing Standards Branch, AFS-630, P.O. Box 25082, Oklahoma City, OK 73125.Comments regarding this publication should be sent, in email form, to the following address:********************************************John M. AllenDirector, Flight Standards Serviceiiii vAcknowledgmentsThe Glider Flying Handbook was produced by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) with the assistance of Safety Research Corporation of America (SRCA). The FAA wishes to acknowledge the following contributors: Sue Telford of Telford Fishing & Hunting Services for images used in Chapter 1JerryZieba () for images used in Chapter 2Tim Mara () for images used in Chapters 2 and 12Uli Kremer of Alexander Schleicher GmbH & Co for images used in Chapter 2Richard Lancaster () for images and content used in Chapter 3Dave Nadler of Nadler & Associates for images used in Chapter 6Dave McConeghey for images used in Chapter 6John Brandon (www.raa.asn.au) for images and content used in Chapter 7Patrick Panzera () for images used in Chapter 8Jeff Haby (www.theweatherprediction) for images used in Chapter 8National Soaring Museum () for content used in Chapter 9Bill Elliot () for images used in Chapter 12.Tiffany Fidler for images used in Chapter 12.Additional appreciation is extended to the Soaring Society of America, Inc. (), the Soaring Safety Foundation, and Mr. Brad Temeyer and Mr. Bill Martin from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) for their technical support and input.vv iPreface (iii)Acknowledgments (v)Table of Contents (vii)Chapter 1Gliders and Sailplanes ........................................1-1 Introduction....................................................................1-1 Gliders—The Early Years ..............................................1-2 Glider or Sailplane? .......................................................1-3 Glider Pilot Schools ......................................................1-4 14 CFR Part 141 Pilot Schools ...................................1-5 14 CFR Part 61 Instruction ........................................1-5 Glider Certificate Eligibility Requirements ...................1-5 Common Glider Concepts ..............................................1-6 Terminology...............................................................1-6 Converting Metric Distance to Feet ...........................1-6 Chapter 2Components and Systems .................................2-1 Introduction....................................................................2-1 Glider Design .................................................................2-2 The Fuselage ..................................................................2-4 Wings and Components .............................................2-4 Lift/Drag Devices ...........................................................2-5 Empennage .....................................................................2-6 Towhook Devices .......................................................2-7 Powerplant .....................................................................2-7 Self-Launching Gliders .............................................2-7 Sustainer Engines .......................................................2-8 Landing Gear .................................................................2-8 Wheel Brakes .............................................................2-8 Chapter 3Aerodynamics of Flight .......................................3-1 Introduction....................................................................3-1 Forces of Flight..............................................................3-2 Newton’s Third Law of Motion .................................3-2 Lift ..............................................................................3-2The Effects of Drag on a Glider .....................................3-3 Parasite Drag ..............................................................3-3 Form Drag ...............................................................3-3 Skin Friction Drag ..................................................3-3 Interference Drag ....................................................3-5 Total Drag...................................................................3-6 Wing Planform ...........................................................3-6 Elliptical Wing ........................................................3-6 Rectangular Wing ...................................................3-7 Tapered Wing .........................................................3-7 Swept-Forward Wing ..............................................3-7 Washout ..................................................................3-7 Glide Ratio .................................................................3-8 Aspect Ratio ............................................................3-9 Weight ........................................................................3-9 Thrust .........................................................................3-9 Three Axes of Rotation ..................................................3-9 Stability ........................................................................3-10 Flutter .......................................................................3-11 Lateral Stability ........................................................3-12 Turning Flight ..............................................................3-13 Load Factors .................................................................3-13 Radius of Turn ..........................................................3-14 Turn Coordination ....................................................3-15 Slips ..........................................................................3-15 Forward Slip .........................................................3-16 Sideslip .................................................................3-17 Spins .........................................................................3-17 Ground Effect ...............................................................3-19 Chapter 4Flight Instruments ...............................................4-1 Introduction....................................................................4-1 Pitot-Static Instruments ..................................................4-2 Impact and Static Pressure Lines................................4-2 Airspeed Indicator ......................................................4-2 The Effects of Altitude on the AirspeedIndicator..................................................................4-3 Types of Airspeed ...................................................4-3Table of ContentsviiAirspeed Indicator Markings ......................................4-5 Other Airspeed Limitations ........................................4-6 Altimeter .....................................................................4-6 Principles of Operation ...........................................4-6 Effect of Nonstandard Pressure andTemperature............................................................4-7 Setting the Altimeter (Kollsman Window) .............4-9 Types of Altitude ......................................................4-10 Variometer................................................................4-11 Total Energy System .............................................4-14 Netto .....................................................................4-14 Electronic Flight Computers ....................................4-15 Magnetic Compass .......................................................4-16 Yaw String ................................................................4-16 Inclinometer..............................................................4-16 Gyroscopic Instruments ...............................................4-17 G-Meter ........................................................................4-17 FLARM Collision Avoidance System .........................4-18 Chapter 5Glider Performance .............................................5-1 Introduction....................................................................5-1 Factors Affecting Performance ......................................5-2 High and Low Density Altitude Conditions ...........5-2 Atmospheric Pressure .............................................5-2 Altitude ...................................................................5-3 Temperature............................................................5-3 Wind ...........................................................................5-3 Weight ........................................................................5-5 Rate of Climb .................................................................5-7 Flight Manuals and Placards ..........................................5-8 Placards ......................................................................5-8 Performance Information ...........................................5-8 Glider Polars ...............................................................5-8 Weight and Balance Information .............................5-10 Limitations ...............................................................5-10 Weight and Balance .....................................................5-12 Center of Gravity ......................................................5-12 Problems Associated With CG Forward ofForward Limit .......................................................5-12 Problems Associated With CG Aft of Aft Limit ..5-13 Sample Weight and Balance Problems ....................5-13 Ballast ..........................................................................5-14 Chapter 6Preflight and Ground Operations .......................6-1 Introduction....................................................................6-1 Assembly and Storage Techniques ................................6-2 Trailering....................................................................6-3 Tiedown and Securing ................................................6-4Water Ballast ..............................................................6-4 Ground Handling........................................................6-4 Launch Equipment Inspection ....................................6-5 Glider Preflight Inspection .........................................6-6 Prelaunch Checklist ....................................................6-7 Glider Care .....................................................................6-7 Preventive Maintenance .............................................6-8 Chapter 7Launch and Recovery Procedures and Flight Maneuvers ............................................................7-1 Introduction....................................................................7-1 Aerotow Takeoff Procedures .........................................7-2 Signals ........................................................................7-2 Prelaunch Signals ....................................................7-2 Inflight Signals ........................................................7-3 Takeoff Procedures and Techniques ..........................7-3 Normal Assisted Takeoff............................................7-4 Unassisted Takeoff.....................................................7-5 Crosswind Takeoff .....................................................7-5 Assisted ...................................................................7-5 Unassisted...............................................................7-6 Aerotow Climb-Out ....................................................7-6 Aerotow Release.........................................................7-8 Slack Line ...................................................................7-9 Boxing the Wake ......................................................7-10 Ground Launch Takeoff Procedures ............................7-11 CG Hooks .................................................................7-11 Signals ......................................................................7-11 Prelaunch Signals (Winch/Automobile) ...............7-11 Inflight Signals ......................................................7-12 Tow Speeds ..............................................................7-12 Automobile Launch ..................................................7-14 Crosswind Takeoff and Climb .................................7-14 Normal Into-the-Wind Launch .................................7-15 Climb-Out and Release Procedures ..........................7-16 Self-Launch Takeoff Procedures ..............................7-17 Preparation and Engine Start ....................................7-17 Taxiing .....................................................................7-18 Pretakeoff Check ......................................................7-18 Normal Takeoff ........................................................7-19 Crosswind Takeoff ...................................................7-19 Climb-Out and Shutdown Procedures ......................7-19 Landing .....................................................................7-21 Gliderport/Airport Traffic Patterns and Operations .....7-22 Normal Approach and Landing ................................7-22 Crosswind Landing ..................................................7-25 Slips ..........................................................................7-25 Downwind Landing ..................................................7-27 After Landing and Securing .....................................7-27viiiPerformance Maneuvers ..............................................7-27 Straight Glides ..........................................................7-27 Turns.........................................................................7-28 Roll-In ...................................................................7-29 Roll-Out ................................................................7-30 Steep Turns ...........................................................7-31 Maneuvering at Minimum Controllable Airspeed ...7-31 Stall Recognition and Recovery ...............................7-32 Secondary Stalls ....................................................7-34 Accelerated Stalls .................................................7-34 Crossed-Control Stalls ..........................................7-35 Operating Airspeeds .....................................................7-36 Minimum Sink Airspeed ..........................................7-36 Best Glide Airspeed..................................................7-37 Speed to Fly ..............................................................7-37 Chapter 8Abnormal and Emergency Procedures .............8-1 Introduction....................................................................8-1 Porpoising ......................................................................8-2 Pilot-Induced Oscillations (PIOs) ..............................8-2 PIOs During Launch ...................................................8-2 Factors Influencing PIOs ........................................8-2 Improper Elevator Trim Setting ..............................8-3 Improper Wing Flaps Setting ..................................8-3 Pilot-Induced Roll Oscillations During Launch .........8-3 Pilot-Induced Yaw Oscillations During Launch ........8-4 Gust-Induced Oscillations ..............................................8-5 Vertical Gusts During High-Speed Cruise .................8-5 Pilot-Induced Pitch Oscillations During Landing ......8-6 Glider-Induced Oscillations ...........................................8-6 Pitch Influence of the Glider Towhook Position ........8-6 Self-Launching Glider Oscillations During Powered Flight ...........................................................8-7 Nosewheel Glider Oscillations During Launchesand Landings ..............................................................8-7 Tailwheel/Tailskid Equipped Glider Oscillations During Launches and Landings ..................................8-8 Aerotow Abnormal and Emergency Procedures ............8-8 Abnormal Procedures .................................................8-8 Towing Failures........................................................8-10 Tow Failure With Runway To Land and Stop ......8-11 Tow Failure Without Runway To Land BelowReturning Altitude ................................................8-11 Tow Failure Above Return to Runway Altitude ...8-11 Tow Failure Above 800' AGL ..............................8-12 Tow Failure Above Traffic Pattern Altitude .........8-13 Slack Line .................................................................8-13 Ground Launch Abnormal and Emergency Procedures ....................................................................8-14 Abnormal Procedures ...............................................8-14 Emergency Procedures .............................................8-14 Self-Launch Takeoff Emergency Procedures ..............8-15 Emergency Procedures .............................................8-15 Spiral Dives ..................................................................8-15 Spins .............................................................................8-15 Entry Phase ...............................................................8-17 Incipient Phase .........................................................8-17 Developed Phase ......................................................8-17 Recovery Phase ........................................................8-17 Off-Field Landing Procedures .....................................8-18 Afterlanding Off Field .............................................8-20 Off-Field Landing Without Injury ........................8-20 Off-Field Landing With Injury .............................8-20 System and Equipment Malfunctions ..........................8-20 Flight Instrument Malfunctions ................................8-20 Airspeed Indicator Malfunctions ..........................8-21 Altimeter Malfunctions .........................................8-21 Variometer Malfunctions ......................................8-21 Compass Malfunctions .........................................8-21 Glider Canopy Malfunctions ....................................8-21 Broken Glider Canopy ..........................................8-22 Frosted Glider Canopy ..........................................8-22 Water Ballast Malfunctions ......................................8-22 Retractable Landing Gear Malfunctions ..................8-22 Primary Flight Control Systems ...............................8-22 Elevator Malfunctions ..........................................8-22 Aileron Malfunctions ............................................8-23 Rudder Malfunctions ............................................8-24 Secondary Flight Controls Systems .........................8-24 Elevator Trim Malfunctions .................................8-24 Spoiler/Dive Brake Malfunctions .........................8-24 Miscellaneous Flight System Malfunctions .................8-25 Towhook Malfunctions ............................................8-25 Oxygen System Malfunctions ..................................8-25 Drogue Chute Malfunctions .....................................8-25 Self-Launching Gliders ................................................8-26 Self-Launching/Sustainer Glider Engine Failure During Takeoff or Climb ..........................................8-26 Inability to Restart a Self-Launching/SustainerGlider Engine While Airborne .................................8-27 Self-Launching Glider Propeller Malfunctions ........8-27 Self-Launching Glider Electrical System Malfunctions .............................................................8-27 In-flight Fire .............................................................8-28 Emergency Equipment and Survival Gear ...................8-28 Survival Gear Checklists ..........................................8-28 Food and Water ........................................................8-28ixClothing ....................................................................8-28 Communication ........................................................8-29 Navigation Equipment ..............................................8-29 Medical Equipment ..................................................8-29 Stowage ....................................................................8-30 Parachute ..................................................................8-30 Oxygen System Malfunctions ..................................8-30 Accident Prevention .....................................................8-30 Chapter 9Soaring Weather ..................................................9-1 Introduction....................................................................9-1 The Atmosphere .............................................................9-2 Composition ...............................................................9-2 Properties ....................................................................9-2 Temperature............................................................9-2 Density ....................................................................9-2 Pressure ...................................................................9-2 Standard Atmosphere .................................................9-3 Layers of the Atmosphere ..........................................9-4 Scale of Weather Events ................................................9-4 Thermal Soaring Weather ..............................................9-6 Thermal Shape and Structure .....................................9-6 Atmospheric Stability .................................................9-7 Air Masses Conducive to Thermal Soaring ...................9-9 Cloud Streets ..............................................................9-9 Thermal Waves...........................................................9-9 Thunderstorms..........................................................9-10 Lifted Index ..........................................................9-12 K-Index .................................................................9-12 Weather for Slope Soaring .......................................9-14 Mechanism for Wave Formation ..............................9-16 Lift Due to Convergence ..........................................9-19 Obtaining Weather Information ...................................9-21 Preflight Weather Briefing........................................9-21 Weather-ReIated Information ..................................9-21 Interpreting Weather Charts, Reports, andForecasts ......................................................................9-23 Graphic Weather Charts ...........................................9-23 Winds and Temperatures Aloft Forecast ..............9-23 Composite Moisture Stability Chart .....................9-24 Chapter 10Soaring Techniques ..........................................10-1 Introduction..................................................................10-1 Thermal Soaring ...........................................................10-2 Locating Thermals ....................................................10-2 Cumulus Clouds ...................................................10-2 Other Indicators of Thermals ................................10-3 Wind .....................................................................10-4 The Big Picture .....................................................10-5Entering a Thermal ..............................................10-5 Inside a Thermal.......................................................10-6 Bank Angle ...........................................................10-6 Speed .....................................................................10-6 Centering ...............................................................10-7 Collision Avoidance ................................................10-9 Exiting a Thermal .....................................................10-9 Atypical Thermals ..................................................10-10 Ridge/Slope Soaring ..................................................10-10 Traps ......................................................................10-10 Procedures for Safe Flying .....................................10-12 Bowls and Spurs .....................................................10-13 Slope Lift ................................................................10-13 Obstructions ...........................................................10-14 Tips and Techniques ...............................................10-15 Wave Soaring .............................................................10-16 Preflight Preparation ...............................................10-17 Getting Into the Wave ............................................10-18 Flying in the Wave .................................................10-20 Soaring Convergence Zones ...................................10-23 Combined Sources of Updrafts ..............................10-24 Chapter 11Cross-Country Soaring .....................................11-1 Introduction..................................................................11-1 Flight Preparation and Planning ...................................11-2 Personal and Special Equipment ..................................11-3 Navigation ....................................................................11-5 Using the Plotter .......................................................11-5 A Sample Cross-Country Flight ...............................11-5 Navigation Using GPS .............................................11-8 Cross-Country Techniques ...........................................11-9 Soaring Faster and Farther .........................................11-11 Height Bands ..........................................................11-11 Tips and Techniques ...............................................11-12 Special Situations .......................................................11-14 Course Deviations ..................................................11-14 Lost Procedures ......................................................11-14 Cross-Country Flight in a Self-Launching Glider .....11-15 High-Performance Glider Operations and Considerations ............................................................11-16 Glider Complexity ..................................................11-16 Water Ballast ..........................................................11-17 Cross-Country Flight Using Other Lift Sources ........11-17 Chapter 12Towing ................................................................12-1 Introduction..................................................................12-1 Equipment Inspections and Operational Checks .........12-2 Tow Hook ................................................................12-2 Schweizer Tow Hook ...........................................12-2x。
3GPP协议-36521-1-e40_s00-s05
3GPP TS 36.521-1 V14.4.0 (2017-09)Technical Specification3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA);User Equipment (UE) conformance specification;Radio transmission and reception;Part 1: Conformance Testing(Release 14)The present document has been developed within the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP TM) and may be further elaborated for the purposes of 3GPP.KeywordsUMTS LTE3GPPPostal address3GPP support office address650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia AntipolisValbonne - FRANCETel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16InternetCopyright NotificationNo part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.© 2017, 3GPP Organizational Partners (ARIB, ATIS, CCSA, ETSI, TSDSI, TTA, TTC).All rights reserved.UMTS™ is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its members3GPP™ is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners LTE™ is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members a nd of the 3GPP Organizational Partners GSM® and the GSM logo are registered and owned by the GSM AssociationContentsForeword (92)Introduction (92)1Scope (93)2References (94)3Definitions, symbols and abbreviations (96)3.1Definitions (96)3.2Symbols (98)3.3Abbreviations (100)4General (103)4.1Categorization of test requirements in CA, UL-MIMO, ProSe, Dual Connectivity, UE category 0, UEcategory M1, UE category 1bis, UE category NB1 and V2X Communication (104)4.2RF requirements in later releases (105)5Frequency bands and channel arrangement (106)5.1General (106)5.2Operating bands (106)5.2A Operating bands for CA (108)5.2B Operating bands for UL-MIMO (116)5.2C Operating bands for Dual Connectivity (116)5.2D Operating bands for ProSe (117)5.2E Operating bands for UE category 0 and UE category M1 (118)5.2F Operating bands for UE category NB1 (118)5.2G Operating bands for V2X Communication (118)5.3TX–RX frequency separation (119)5.3A TX–RX frequency separation for CA (120)5.4Channel arrangement (120)5.4.1Channel spacing (120)5.4.1A Channel spacing for CA (121)5.4.1F Channel spacing for UE category NB1 (121)5.4.2Channel bandwidth (121)5.4.2.1Channel bandwidths per operating band (122)5.4.2A Channel bandwidth for CA (124)5.4.2A.1Channel bandwidths per operating band for CA (126)5.4.2B Channel bandwidth for UL-MIMO (171)5.4.2B.1Channel bandwidths per operating band for UL- MIMO (171)5.4.2C Channel bandwidth for Dual Connectivity (171)5.4.2D Channel bandwidth for ProSe (171)5.4.2D.1Channel bandwidths per operating band for ProSe (171)5.4.2F Channel bandwidth for category NB1 (172)5.4.2G Channel bandwidth for V2X Communication (173)5.4.2G.1Channel bandwidths per operating band for V2X Communication (173)5.4.3Channel raster (174)5.4.3A Channel raster for CA (175)5.4.3F Channel raster for UE category NB1 (175)5.4.4Carrier frequency and EARFCN (175)5.4.4F Carrier frequency and EARFCN for category NB1 (177)6Transmitter Characteristics (179)6.1General (179)6.2Transmit power (180)6.2.1Void (180)6.2.2UE Maximum Output Power (180)6.2.2.1Test purpose (180)6.2.2.4Test description (182)6.2.2.4.1Initial condition (182)6.2.2.4.2Test procedure (183)6.2.2.4.3Message contents (183)6.2.2.5Test requirements (183)6.2.2_1Maximum Output Power for HPUE (185)6.2.2_1.1Test purpose (185)6.2.2_1.2Test applicability (185)6.2.2_1.3Minimum conformance requirements (185)6.2.2_1.4Test description (185)6.2.2_1.5Test requirements (186)6.2.2A UE Maximum Output Power for CA (187)6.2.2A.0Minimum conformance requirements (187)6.2.2A.1UE Maximum Output Power for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and UL CA) (189)6.2.2A.1.1Test purpose (189)6.2.2A.1.2Test applicability (189)6.2.2A.1.3Minimum conformance requirements (189)6.2.2A.1.4Test description (189)6.2.2A.1.5Test Requirements (191)6.2.2A.2UE Maximum Output Power for CA (inter-band DL CA and UL CA) (192)6.2.2A.2.1Test purpose (192)6.2.2A.2.2Test applicability (192)6.2.2A.2.3Minimum conformance requirements (192)6.2.2A.2.4Test description (192)6.2.2A.2.5Test Requirements (194)6.2.2A.3UE Maximum Output Power for CA (intra-band non-contiguous DL CA and UL CA) (196)6.2.2A.4.1UE Maximum Output Power for CA (intra-band contiguous 3DL CA and 3UL CA) (196)6.2.2A.4.1.1Test purpose (196)6.2.2A.4.1.2Test applicability (196)6.2.2A.4.1.3Minimum conformance requirements (196)6.2.2A.4.1.4Test description (196)6.2.2A.4.1.5Test Requirements (198)6.2.2A.4.2UE Maximum Output Power for CA (inter-band 3DL CA and 3UL CA) (198)6.2.2A.4.2.1Test purpose (199)6.2.2A.4.2.2Test applicability (199)6.2.2A.4.2.3Minimum conformance requirements (199)6.2.2A.4.2.4Test description (199)6.2.2A.4.2.5Test Requirements (201)6.2.2B UE Maximum Output Power for UL-MIMO (201)6.2.2B.1Test purpose (201)6.2.2B.2Test applicability (202)6.2.2B.3Minimum conformance requirements (202)6.2.2B.4Test description (204)6.2.2B.4.1Initial condition (204)6.2.2B.4.2Test procedure (205)6.2.2B.4.3Message contents (205)6.2.2B.5Test requirements (205)6.2.2B_1HPUE Maximum Output Power for UL-MIMO (207)6.2.2B_1.1Test purpose (207)6.2.2B_1.2Test applicability (207)6.2.2B_1.3Minimum conformance requirements (207)6.2.2B_1.4Test description (207)6.2.2B_1.5Test requirements (208)6.2.2C 2096.2.2D UE Maximum Output Power for ProSe (209)6.2.2D.0Minimum conformance requirements (209)6.2.2D.1UE Maximum Output Power for ProSe Discovery (209)6.2.2D.1.1Test purpose (209)6.2.2D.1.2Test applicability (209)6.2.2D.1.3Minimum Conformance requirements (209)6.2.2D.2UE Maximum Output Power for ProSe Direct Communication (211)6.2.2D.2.1Test purpose (211)6.2.2D.2.2Test applicability (211)6.2.2D.2.3Minimum conformance requirements (211)6.2.2D.2.4Test description (211)6.2.2E UE Maximum Output Power for UE category 0 (212)6.2.2E.1Test purpose (212)6.2.2E.2Test applicability (212)6.2.2E.3Minimum conformance requirements (212)6.2.2E.4Test description (212)6.2.2E.4.3Message contents (213)6.2.2E.5Test requirements (213)6.2.2EA UE Maximum Output Power for UE category M1 (215)6.2.2EA.1Test purpose (215)6.2.2EA.2Test applicability (215)6.2.2EA.3Minimum conformance requirements (215)6.2.2EA.4Test description (216)6.2.2EA.4.3Message contents (217)6.2.2EA.5Test requirements (217)6.2.2F UE Maximum Output Power for category NB1 (218)6.2.2F.1Test purpose (218)6.2.2F.2Test applicability (218)6.2.2F.3Minimum conformance requirements (218)6.2.2F.4Test description (219)6.2.2F.4.1Initial condition (219)6.2.2F.4.2Test procedure (220)6.2.2F.4.3Message contents (220)6.2.2F.5Test requirements (220)6.2.2G UE Maximum Output Power for V2X Communication (221)6.2.2G.1UE Maximum Output Power for V2X Communication / Non-concurrent with E-UTRA uplinktransmission (221)6.2.2G.1.1Test purpose (221)6.2.2G.1.2Test applicability (221)6.2.2G.1.3Minimum conformance requirements (221)6.2.2G.1.4Test description (222)6.2.2G.1.4.1Initial conditions (222)6.2.2G.1.4.2Test procedure (222)6.2.2G.1.4.3Message contents (222)6.2.2G.1.5Test requirements (223)6.2.2G.2UE Maximum Output Power for V2X Communication / Simultaneous E-UTRA V2X sidelinkand E-UTRA uplink transmission (223)6.2.2G.2.1Test purpose (223)6.2.2G.2.2Test applicability (223)6.2.2G.2.3Minimum conformance requirements (223)6.2.2G.2.4Test description (224)6.2.2G.2.4.1Initial conditions (224)6.2.2G.2.4.2Test procedure (225)6.2.2G.2.4.3Message contents (226)6.2.2G.2.5Test requirements (226)6.2.3Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) (226)6.2.3.1Test purpose (226)6.2.3.2Test applicability (226)6.2.3.3Minimum conformance requirements (227)6.2.3.4Test description (227)6.2.3.4.1Initial condition (227)6.2.3.4.2Test procedure (228)6.2.3.4.3Message contents (228)6.2.3.5Test requirements (229)6.2.3_1Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for HPUE (231)6.2.3_1.1Test purpose (231)6.2.3_1.4Test description (232)6.2.3_1.5Test requirements (232)6.2.3_2Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for Multi-Cluster PUSCH (232)6.2.3_2.1Test purpose (232)6.2.3_2.2Test applicability (232)6.2.3_2.3Minimum conformance requirements (233)6.2.3_2.4Test description (233)6.2.3_2.4.1Initial condition (233)6.2.3_2.4.2Test procedure (234)6.2.3_2.4.3Message contents (234)6.2.3_2.5Test requirements (234)6.2.3_3Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for UL 64QAM (235)6.2.3_3.1Test purpose (236)6.2.3_3.2Test applicability (236)6.2.3_3.3Minimum conformance requirements (236)6.2.3_3.4Test description (236)6.2.3_3.4.1Initial condition (236)6.2.3_3.4.2Test procedure (237)6.2.3_3.4.3Message contents (237)6.2.3_3.5Test requirements (238)6.2.3_4Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for Multi-Cluster PUSCH with UL 64QAM (240)6.2.3_4.1Test purpose (240)6.2.3_4.2Test applicability (240)6.2.3_4.3Minimum conformance requirements (240)6.2.3_4.4Test description (241)6.2.3_4.4.1Initial condition (241)6.2.3_4.4.2Test procedure (242)6.2.3_4.4.3Message contents (242)6.2.3_4.5Test requirements (242)6.2.3A Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for CA (243)6.2.3A.1Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and UL CA) (243)6.2.3A.1.1Test purpose (243)6.2.3A.1.2Test applicability (243)6.2.3A.1.3Minimum conformance requirements (244)6.2.3A.1.4Test description (245)6.2.3A.1.5Test Requirements (248)6.2.3A.1_1Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and UL CA) for UL64QAM (250)6.2.3A.1_1.1Test purpose (251)6.2.3A.1_1.2Test applicability (251)6.2.3A.1_1.3Minimum conformance requirements (251)6.2.3A.1_1.4Test description (252)6.2.3A.1_1.5Test requirement (254)6.2.3A.2Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for CA (inter-band DL CA and UL CA) (255)6.2.3A.2.1Test purpose (255)6.2.3A.2.2Test applicability (255)6.2.3A.2.3Minimum conformance requirements (255)6.2.3A.2.4Test description (256)6.2.3A.2.5Test Requirements (260)6.2.3A.2_1Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for CA (inter-band DL CA and UL CA) for UL 64QAM (263)6.2.3A.2_1.1Test purpose (263)6.2.3A.2_1.2Test applicability (263)6.2.3A.2_1.3Minimum conformance requirements (263)6.2.3A.2_1.4Test description (264)6.2.3A.2_1.5Test Requirements (266)6.2.3A.3Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for CA (intra-band non-contiguous DL CA and UL CA) (267)6.2.3A.3.1Test purpose (267)6.2.3A.3.2Test applicability (267)6.2.3A.3.3Minimum conformance requirements (268)6.2.3A.3.4Test description (268)6.2.3A.3_1Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for CA (intra-band non-contiguous DL CA and UL CA) forUL 64QAM (270)6.2.3A.3_1.1Test purpose (270)6.2.3A.3_1.2Test applicability (270)6.2.3A.3_1.3Minimum conformance requirements (270)6.2.3A.3_1.4Test description (271)6.2.3A.3_1.5Test Requirements (272)6.2.3B Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for UL-MIMO (272)6.2.3B.1Test purpose (272)6.2.3B.2Test applicability (272)6.2.3B.3Minimum conformance requirements (273)6.2.3B.4Test description (273)6.2.3B.4.1Initial condition (273)6.2.3B.4.2Test procedure (274)6.2.3B.4.3Message contents (275)6.2.3B.5Test requirements (275)6.2.3D UE Maximum Output Power for ProSe (277)6.2.3D.0Minimum conformance requirements (277)6.2.3D.1Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for ProSe Discovery (278)6.2.3D.1.1Test purpose (278)6.2.3D.1.2Test applicability (278)6.2.3D.1.3Minimum conformance requirements (278)6.2.3D.1.4Test description (278)6.2.3D.1.4.1Initial condition (278)6.2.3D.1.4.2Test procedure (279)6.2.3D.1.4.3Message contents (279)6.2.3D.1.5Test requirements (280)6.2.3D.2Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) ProSe Direct Communication (281)6.2.3D.2.1Test purpose (282)6.2.3D.2.2Test applicability (282)6.2.3D.2.3Minimum conformance requirements (282)6.2.3D.2.4Test description (282)6.2.3D.2.4.1Initial conditions (282)6.2.3D.2.4.2Test procedure (282)6.2.3D.2.4.3Message contents (282)6.2.3D.2.5Test requirements (282)6.2.3E Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for UE category 0 (282)6.2.3E.1Test purpose (282)6.2.3E.2Test applicability (282)6.2.3E.3Minimum conformance requirements (282)6.2.3E.4Test description (282)6.2.3E.4.1Initial condition (282)6.2.3E.4.2Test procedure (283)6.2.3E.4.3Message contents (283)6.2.3E.5Test requirements (283)6.2.3EA Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for UE category M1 (284)6.2.3EA.1Test purpose (284)6.2.3EA.2Test applicability (284)6.2.3EA.3Minimum conformance requirements (284)6.2.3EA.4Test description (285)6.2.3EA.4.1Initial condition (285)6.2.3EA.4.2Test procedure (287)6.2.3EA.4.3Message contents (287)6.2.3EA.5Test requirements (287)6.2.3F Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for category NB1 (290)6.2.3F.1Test purpose (290)6.2.3F.2Test applicability (290)6.2.3F.3Minimum conformance requirements (290)6.2.3F.4Test description (291)6.2.3F.4.1Initial condition (291)6.2.3F.5Test requirements (292)6.2.3G Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for V2X communication (292)6.2.3G.1Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for V2X Communication / Power class 3 (293)6.2.3G.1.1Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for V2X Communication / Power class 3 / Contiguousallocation of PSCCH and PSSCH (293)6.2.3G.1.1.1Test purpose (293)6.2.3G.1.1.2Test applicability (293)6.2.3G.1.1.3Minimum conformance requirements (293)6.2.3G.1.1.4Test description (293)6.2.3G.1.1.4.1Initial condition (293)6.2.3G.1.1.4.2Test procedure (294)6.2.3G.1.1.4.3Message contents (294)6.2.3G.1.1.5Test Requirements (294)6.2.3G.1.2 2956.2.3G.1.3Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for V2X Communication / Power class 3 / SimultaneousE-UTRA V2X sidelink and E-UTRA uplink transmission (295)6.2.3G.1.3.1Test purpose (295)6.2.3G.1.3.2Test applicability (295)6.2.3G.1.3.3Minimum conformance requirements (295)6.2.3G.1.3.4Test description (295)6.2.3G.1.3.4.1Initial conditions (295)6.2.3G.1.3.4.2Test procedure (296)6.2.3G.1.3.4.3Message contents (297)6.2.3G.1.3.5Test requirements (297)6.2.4Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) (297)6.2.4.1Test purpose (297)6.2.4.2Test applicability (297)6.2.4.3Minimum conformance requirements (298)6.2.4.4Test description (310)6.2.4.4.1Initial condition (310)6.2.4.4.2Test procedure (339)6.2.4.4.3Message contents (339)6.2.4.5Test requirements (344)6.2.4_1Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for HPUE (373)6.2.4_1.2Test applicability (374)6.2.4_1.3Minimum conformance requirements (374)6.2.4_1.4Test description (375)6.2.4_1.5Test requirements (376)6.2.4_2Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for UL 64QAM (378)6.2.4_2.1Test purpose (378)6.2.4_2.2Test applicability (378)6.2.4_2.3Minimum conformance requirements (378)6.2.4_2.4Test description (378)6.2.4_2.4.1Initial condition (378)6.2.4_2.4.2Test procedure (392)6.2.4_2.4.3Message contents (392)6.2.4_2.5Test requirements (392)6.2.4_3Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) with PUSCH frequency hopping (404)6.2.4_3.1Test purpose (404)6.2.4_3.2Test applicability (404)6.2.4_3.3Minimum conformance requirements (405)6.2.4_3.4Test description (405)6.2.4_3.5Test requirements (406)6.2.4A Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for CA (407)6.2.4A.1Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and ULCA) (407)6.2.4A.1.1Test purpose (407)6.2.4A.1.2Test applicability (407)6.2.4A.1.3Minimum conformance requirements (407)6.2.4A.1.3.5A-MPR for CA_NS_05 for CA_38C (411)6.2.4A.1.4Test description (413)6.2.4A.1.5Test requirements (419)6.2.4A.1_1Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and ULCA) for UL 64QAM (425)6.2.4A.1_1.1Test purpose (425)6.2.4A.1_1.2Test applicability (425)6.2.4A.1_1.3Minimum conformance requirements (426)6.2.4A.1_1.3.5A-MPR for CA_NS_05 for CA_38C (429)6.2.4A.1_1.3.6A-MPR for CA_NS_06 for CA_7C (430)6.2.4A.1_1.3.7A-MPR for CA_NS_07 for CA_39C (431)6.2.4A.1_1.3.8A-MPR for CA_NS_08 for CA_42C (432)6.2.4A.1_1.4Test description (432)6.2.4A.1_1.5Test requirements (437)6.2.4A.2Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for CA (inter-band DL CA and UL CA) (443)6.2.4A.2.1Test purpose (443)6.2.4A.2.2Test applicability (444)6.2.4A.2.3Minimum conformance requirements (444)6.2.4A.2.4Test description (444)6.2.4A.2.4.1Initial conditions (444)6.2.4A.2.4.2Test procedure (457)6.2.4A.2.4.3Message contents (458)6.2.4A.2.5Test requirements (461)6.2.4A.3Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for CA (intra-band non-contiguous DL CAand UL CA) (466)6.2.4A.3.1Minimum conformance requirements (466)6.2.4A.2_1Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for CA (inter-band DL CA and UL CA) forUL 64QAM (466)6.2.4A.2_1.1Test purpose (466)6.2.4A.2_1.2Test applicability (466)6.2.4A.2_1.3Minimum conformance requirements (467)6.2.4A.2_1.4Test description (467)6.2.4A.2_1.4.1Initial conditions (467)6.2.4A.2_1.4.2Test procedure (479)6.2.4A.2_1.4.3Message contents (480)6.2.4A.2_1.5Test requirements (480)6.2.4B Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for UL-MIMO (484)6.2.4B.1Test purpose (484)6.2.4B.2Test applicability (485)6.2.4B.3Minimum conformance requirements (485)6.2.4B.4Test description (485)6.2.4B.4.1Initial condition (485)6.2.4B.4.2Test procedure (508)6.2.4B.4.3Message contents (508)6.2.4B.5Test requirements (508)6.2.4E Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for UE category 0 (530)6.2.4E.1Test purpose (530)6.2.4E.2Test applicability (531)6.2.4E.3Minimum conformance requirements (531)6.2.4E.4Test description (531)6.2.4E.4.1Initial condition (531)6.2.4E.4.2Test procedure (535)6.2.4E.4.3Message contents (535)6.2.4E.5Test requirements (536)6.2.4EA Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for UE category M1 (542)6.2.4EA.1Test purpose (542)6.2.4EA.2Test applicability (542)6.2.4EA.3Minimum conformance requirements (543)6.2.4EA.4Test description (544)6.2.4EA.4.1Initial condition (544)6.2.4EA.4.2Test procedure (552)6.2.4G Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for V2X Communication (562)6.2.4G.1Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for V2X Communication / Non-concurrentwith E-UTRA uplink transmissions (562)6.2.4G.1.1Test purpose (562)6.2.4G.1.2Test applicability (562)6.2.4G.1.3Minimum conformance requirements (563)6.2.4G.1.4Test description (563)6.2.4G.1.4.1Initial condition (563)6.2.4G.1.4.2Test procedure (564)6.2.4G.1.4.3Message contents (564)6.2.4G.1.5Test Requirements (564)6.2.5Configured UE transmitted Output Power (564)6.2.5.1Test purpose (564)6.2.5.2Test applicability (564)6.2.5.3Minimum conformance requirements (564)6.2.5.4Test description (594)6.2.5.4.1Initial conditions (594)6.2.5.4.2Test procedure (595)6.2.5.4.3Message contents (595)6.2.5.5Test requirement (596)6.2.5_1Configured UE transmitted Output Power for HPUE (596)6.2.5_1.1Test purpose (596)6.2.5_1.2Test applicability (597)6.2.5_1.3Minimum conformance requirements (597)6.2.5_1.4Test description (597)6.2.5_1.4.1Initial conditions (597)6.2.5_1.4.2Test procedure (597)6.2.5_1.4.3Message contents (597)6.2.5_1.5Test requirement (598)6.2.5A Configured transmitted power for CA (599)6.2.5A.1Configured UE transmitted Output Power for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and UL CA) (599)6.2.5A.1.1Test purpose (599)6.2.5A.1.2Test applicability (599)6.2.5A.1.3Minimum conformance requirements (599)6.2.5A.1.4Test description (601)6.2.5A.1.5Test requirement (602)6.2.5A.2Void (603)6.2.5A.3Configured UE transmitted Output Power for CA (inter-band DL CA and UL CA) (603)6.2.5A.3.1Test purpose (603)6.2.5A.3.2Test applicability (603)6.2.5A.3.3Minimum conformance requirements (603)6.2.5A.3.4Test description (605)6.2.5A.3.5Test requirement (606)6.2.5A.4Configured UE transmitted Output Power for CA (intra-band non-contiguous DL CA and ULCA) (607)6.2.5A.4.1Test purpose (607)6.2.5A.4.2Test applicability (607)6.2.5A.4.3Minimum conformance requirements (607)6.2.5A.4.4Test description (608)6.2.5A.4.5Test requirement (610)6.2.5B Configured UE transmitted Output Power for UL-MIMO (611)6.2.5B.1Test purpose (611)6.2.5B.2Test applicability (611)6.2.5B.3Minimum conformance requirements (611)6.2.5B.4Test description (612)6.2.5B.4.1Initial conditions (612)6.2.5B.4.2Test procedure (612)6.2.5B.4.3Message contents (613)6.2.5B.5Test requirement (613)6.2.5E Configured UE transmitted Output Power for UE category 0 (614)6.2.5E.4.1Initial conditions (614)6.2.5E.4.2Test procedure (614)6.2.5E.4.3Message contents (614)6.2.5E.5Test requirement (615)6.2.5EA Configured UE transmitted Power for UE category M1 (615)6.2.5EA.1Test purpose (615)6.2.5EA.2Test applicability (615)6.2.5EA.3Minimum conformance requirements (615)6.2.5EA.4Test description (616)6.2.5EA.4.1Initial condition (616)6.2.5EA.4.2Test procedure (617)6.2.5EA.4.3Message contents (617)6.2.5EA.5Test requirements (617)6.2.5F Configured UE transmitted Output Power for UE category NB1 (618)6.2.5F.1Test purpose (618)6.2.5F.2Test applicability (618)6.2.5F.3Minimum conformance requirements (618)6.2.5F.4Test description (619)6.2.5F.4.1Initial conditions (619)6.2.5F.4.2Test procedure (620)6.2.5F.4.3Message contents (620)6.2.5F.5Test requirement (620)6.2.5G Configured UE transmitted Output Power for V2X Communication (620)6.2.5G.1Configured UE transmitted Output Power for V2X Communication / Non-concurrent with E-UTRA uplink transmission (621)6.2.5G.1.1Test purpose (621)6.2.5G.1.2Test applicability (621)6.2.5G.1.3Minimum conformance requirements (621)6.2.5G.1.4Test description (622)6.2.5G.1.4.1Initial conditions (622)6.2.5G.1.4.2Test procedure (622)6.2.5G.1.4.3Message contents (622)6.2.5G.1.5Test requirements (622)6.2.5G.2Configured UE transmitted Output Power for V2X Communication / Simultaneous E-UTRAV2X sidelink and E-UTRA uplink transmission (622)6.2.5G.2.1Test purpose (623)6.2.5G.2.2Test applicability (623)6.2.5G.2.3Minimum conformance requirements (623)6.2.5G.2.4Test description (625)6.2.5G.2.4.1Initial conditions (625)6.2.5G.2.4.2Test procedure (626)6.2.5G.2.4.3Message contents (626)6.2.5G.2.5Test requirements (626)6.3Output Power Dynamics (627)6.3.1Void (627)6.3.2Minimum Output Power (627)6.3.2.1Test purpose (627)6.3.2.2Test applicability (627)6.3.2.3Minimum conformance requirements (627)6.3.2.4Test description (627)6.3.2.4.1Initial conditions (627)6.3.2.4.2Test procedure (628)6.3.2.4.3Message contents (628)6.3.2.5Test requirement (628)6.3.2A Minimum Output Power for CA (629)6.3.2A.0Minimum conformance requirements (629)6.3.2A.1Minimum Output Power for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and UL CA) (629)6.3.2A.1.1Test purpose (629)6.3.2A.1.4.2Test procedure (631)6.3.2A.1.4.3Message contents (631)6.3.2A.1.5Test requirements (631)6.3.2A.2Minimum Output Power for CA (inter-band DL CA and UL CA) (631)6.3.2A.2.1Test purpose (631)6.3.2A.2.2Test applicability (632)6.3.2A.2.3Minimum conformance requirements (632)6.3.2A.2.4Test description (632)6.3.2A.2.4.1Initial conditions (632)6.3.2A.2.4.2Test procedure (633)6.3.2A.2.4.3Message contents (633)6.3.2A.2.5Test requirements (633)6.3.2A.3Minimum Output Power for CA (intra-band non-contiguous DL CA and UL CA) (634)6.3.2A.3.1Test purpose (634)6.3.2A.3.2Test applicability (634)6.3.2A.3.3Minimum conformance requirements (634)6.3.2A.3.4Test description (634)6.3.2A.3.4.1Initial conditions (634)6.3.2A.3.4.2Test procedure (635)6.3.2A.3.4.3Message contents (635)6.3.2A.3.5Test requirements (635)6.3.2B Minimum Output Power for UL-MIMO (636)6.3.2B.1Test purpose (636)6.3.2B.2Test applicability (636)6.3.2B.3Minimum conformance requirements (636)6.3.2B.4Test description (636)6.3.2B.4.1Initial conditions (636)6.3.2B.4.2Test procedure (637)6.3.2B.4.3Message contents (637)6.3.2B.5Test requirement (637)6.3.2E Minimum Output Power for UE category 0 (638)6.3.2E.1Test purpose (638)6.3.2E.2Test applicability (638)6.3.2E.3Minimum conformance requirements (638)6.3.2E.4Test description (638)6.3.2E.4.1Initial conditions (638)6.3.2E.4.2Test procedure (639)6.3.2E.4.3Message contents (639)6.3.2E.5Test requirement (639)6.3.2EA Minimum Output Power for UE category M1 (639)6.3.2EA.1Test purpose (639)6.3.2EA.2Test applicability (640)6.3.2EA.3Minimum conformance requirements (640)6.3.2EA.4Test description (640)6.3.2EA.4.1Initial condition (640)6.3.2EA.4.2Test procedure (641)6.3.2EA.4.3Message contents (641)6.3.2EA.5Test requirements (641)6.3.2F Minimum Output Power for category NB1 (641)6.3.2F.1Test purpose (641)6.3.2F.2Test applicability (641)6.3.2F.3Minimum conformance requirements (642)6.3.2F.4Test description (642)6.3.2F.4.1Initial conditions (642)6.3.2F.4.2Test procedure (643)6.3.2F.4.3Message contents (643)6.3.2F.5Test requirements (643)6.3.3Transmit OFF power (643)6.3.3.5Test requirement (644)6.3.3A UE Transmit OFF power for CA (644)6.3.3A.0Minimum conformance requirements (644)6.3.3A.1UE Transmit OFF power for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and UL CA) (645)6.3.3A.1.1Test purpose (645)6.3.3A.1.2Test applicability (645)6.3.3A.1.3Minimum conformance requirements (645)6.3.3A.1.4Test description (645)6.3.3A.1.5Test Requirements (645)6.3.3A.2UE Transmit OFF power for CA (inter-band DL CA and UL CA) (646)6.3.3A.2.1Test purpose (646)6.3.3A.2.2Test applicability (646)6.3.3A.2.3Minimum conformance requirements (646)6.3.3A.2.4Test description (646)6.3.3A.2.5Test Requirements (646)6.3.3A.3UE Transmit OFF power for CA (intra-band non-contiguous DL CA and UL CA) (646)6.3.3A.3.1Test purpose (646)6.3.3A.3.2Test applicability (646)6.3.3A.3.3Minimum conformance requirements (647)6.3.3A.3.4Test description (647)6.3.3A.3.5Test Requirements (647)6.3.3B UE Transmit OFF power for UL-MIMO (647)6.3.3B.1Test purpose (647)6.3.3B.2Test applicability (647)6.3.3B.3Minimum conformance requirement (647)6.3.3B.4Test description (647)6.3.3B.5Test requirement (648)6.3.3C 6486.3.3D UE Transmit OFF power for ProSe (648)6.3.3D.0Minimum conformance requirements (648)6.3.3D.1UE Transmit OFF power for ProSe Direct Discovery (648)6.3.3D.1.1Test purpose (649)6.3.3D.1.2Test applicability (649)6.3.3D.1.3Minimum Conformance requirements (649)6.3.3D.1.4Test description (649)6.3.3D.1.5Test requirements (650)6.3.3E UE Transmit OFF power for UE category 0 (650)6.3.3E.1Test purpose (650)6.3.3E.2Test applicability (650)6.3.3E.3Minimum conformance requirement (650)6.3.3E.4Test description (651)6.3.3E.5Test requirement (651)6.3.3EA UE Transmit OFF power for UE category M1 (651)6.3.3EA.1Test purpose (651)6.3.3EA.2Test applicability (651)6.3.3EA.3Minimum conformance requirements (651)6.3.3EA.4Test description (651)6.3.3EA.5Test requirements (652)6.3.3F Transmit OFF power for category NB1 (652)6.3.3F.1Test purpose (652)6.3.3F.2Test applicability (652)6.3.3F.3Minimum conformance requirement (652)6.3.3F.4Test description (652)6.3.3F.5Test requirement (652)6.3.4ON/OFF time mask (652)6.3.4.1General ON/OFF time mask (652)6.3.4.1.1Test purpose (652)6.3.4.1.2Test applicability (653)。
JBL ASB6118高功率单子18英寸液晶扬声器产品介绍说明书
ASB6118High PowerSingle 18" SubwooferKey Features:᭤1 x 18" 2242H SVG™ Driver.᭤Large vent area for high output with low distortion.᭤Arrays with various AE Series mid-high frequency 2-way models (see AE Series Array Guide).Applications:᭤Performing arts facilities ᭤Theatrical sound design ᭤Auditoriums᭤Houses of worship ᭤Live clubs᭤Dance-clubs/discotheques ᭤Sports facilities᭤Themed entertainment venuesASB6118 is a high power subwoofer system comprised of one 460 mm(18 in) SVG Super Vented Gap low fre-quency driver in a vented, front-loaded configuration for extended bandwidth.The rectangular cabinet is fitted with M10 threaded suspension points. Pre-engineered array bracketry is available.ASB6118 is part of JBL’s AE Application Engineered Series, aversatile family of loudspeakers for a wide variety of applications.Specifications:System:Frequency Range (-10 dB):28 Hz – 1 kHz Frequency Response (±3 dB):35 Hz – 1 kHzTransducer Power Rating (AES)1:1200 W (4800 W peak), 2 hrs Long-Term System Power Rating 2:800 W (3200 W peak), 100 hrsMaximum SPL 3:30 Hz – 100 Hz: 129 dB-SPL cont avg (135 dB peak)100 Hz – 500 Hz: 129 dB-SPL cont avg (135 dB peak)System Sensitivity (dB-SPL, 1W @ 1m)4:30 Hz – 100 Hz: 98 dB100 Hz – 500 Hz: 98 dBNominal Impedance:8 ohmsTransducers:Low Frequency Driver: 1 x JBL 2242H 460 mm (18 in) SVG™ driver with 100 mm (4 in)voice coilPhysical:Enclosure:Rectangular cabinet, 16 mm (5/8 in) exterior grade 11-plyFinnish birch plywoodSuspension Attachment:12 points (3 top, 3 bottom, 2 each side, 2 rear), M10 threadedhardwareFinish:Black DuraFlex™ finish. White available upon request.Grille:Powder coated 14 gauge perforated steel, with acoustically trans-parent black foam backing.Input Connector:NL4 Neutrik Speakon ®and CE-compliant covered barrier stripterminals. Barrier terminals accept up to 5.2 sq mm (10 AWG)wire or max width 9 mm (.375 in) spade lugs. Speakon in paral-lel with barrier strip for loop-through.Environmental Specifications:Mil-Std 810; IP-x3 per IEC529.Dimensions (H x W x D in 548 x 561 x 816 mm vertical cabinet orientation):(21.6 x 22.1 x 32.2 in)Net Weight:44.5 kg (98 lb)Optional Accessories: M10 x 35 mm forged shoulder eyebolts with washers.Optional planar array frame kit. See AE Series Bracket GuideAES standard, one decade pink noise with 6 dB crest factor within device's operational band, free air. Standard AES 2 hr rating plus long-term 100 hr rating are specified for low-frequency transducers.AES standard, one decade pink noise with 6 dB crest factor, in cabinet, long-term 100 hr rating.Calculated based on power rating and sensitivity, exclusive of power compression.Half-space (2) loading, averaged in specified frequency band.JBL continually engages in research related to product improvement. Changes introduced into existing products without noticeare an expression of that philosophy.SS ASB6118CRP 10M 7/02᭤ASB6118 High Power Single 18" SubwooferJBL Professional8500 Balboa Boulevard, P.O. Box 2200Northridge, California 91329 U.S.A.©Copyright 2002 JBL ProfessionalA Harman International Company Frequency response is measured on-axis at a distance referenced to 1 m @ 1 watt (2.83 Vrms)input,shown as half-space (2,solid line) and full-space (4,dotted line) environment.Electrical Input Impedance。
心脏核磁共振参数预测ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者急诊血运重建后心功能改善的价值
-临床研究•心脏核磁共振参数预测ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者急诊血运重建后心功能改善的价值刘丹顾佳宁韩凯月邸若岷杨晨曦杨奕清徐迎佳【摘要】目的:探讨心脏核磁共振(CMR)特征追踪(FTI)、首过灌注成像(PFI)、延迟钆强化技术(LGE)获得的参数对于预测ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者急诊血运重建后心功能改善的价值。
方法:连续入选2018年1月至2020年1月行急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)的初次诊断STEMI患者58例,术后即刻超声心动图检查提示左室射血分数(LVEFX40%,在成功实施血运重建后3〜5d行CMR检查。
先后应用SSFP电影序列、T2W STIR-FSE序列、LGE进行扫描并分别获取FTI、PFI及LGE图像,利用后处理分析软件分别计算左室整体收缩期峰值圆周应变(GCS)和纵向应变(GLS)、心肌挽救指数(MSI),并在12个月后复查超声心动图。
结果:12个月随访发现27例(47%)心功能改善(LVEF增加>5%)o GCS判断患者心功能改善的临界值为—19.1%,敏感性为76%、特异性为85%[曲线下面积(AUC)=0.86,95%CI:0.71〜0.92,P<0.001],优于GLS(AAUC=014,P=0.01)。
MSI的临界值为61.5%,其敏感性为85%、特异性为91%,均优于GCS(AAUC=007,P<0.05)。
多元回归分析显示,GCS和MSI是预测心功能改善的独立影响因素(HR=1.5,95%CI: 1.0〜1.9和HR=1.4,95%CI: 1.1〜1.7,P均<0.05)。
结论:FTI技术估测的GCS在无需额外注射钆造影剂的情况下能预测STEMI患者PCI术后心功能改善,但MSI的诊断效能更高。
【关键词】急性心肌梗死;经皮冠状动脉介入术;心脏核磁共振;心功能恢复doi:103969/jissn1673-6583202103014Value of CMR in predicting cardiac function recovery after emergency revascularization in patients with STsegment elevation myocardial infarction LIU Dnn,GU Jianing,HAN Kaiyue,DI Ruomin,YANGChemi,YANG Yiqing,XU Yingjia Department of Cardiology,Shanghai Fifth People'sHospital,Fudnn University,Shanghai200040,China【Abstract】Objective:To investigate the predictive value of different parameters concerned withimproving emeryency revascularization acquired by cardiac magnetic resonance(CMR):including featuretracking(FTI)first p ass perfusion imaging(PFI)and delayed gadolinium enhancement(LGE)inpatients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI).Methods:A total of58patients withSTEMIunderwentprimarypercutaneouscoronaryintervention(PCI)fromJanuary2018toJanuary2020,with left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)less than40%tested by transthoracic echocardiography(TTE)immediately after PCI,were consecutively enrolled in this study.CMR wasperformed3-5days after successful revascularization.We used SSFP cine sequence,T2W STIR-FSEsequence and LGE sequence to acquire FTI,PFI and LGE images,respectively.The global systolic peakcircumferential strain(GCS),longitudinal strain(GLS)and myocardial salvage index(MSI)werecalculated by postprocessing analysis software.After12-month follow-up,TTE was reexamined.基金项目:上海市卫生健康委员会(201740064)作者单位:200040复旦大学附属上海市第五人民医院心内科通信作者:徐迎佳,E-mail:xuyingjia@Results:After12-month follow-up,27patients(47%)showed improvement in cardiac function(LVEF increase》5%).The cut-off value of GCS was—19.1%for evaluating the improvement of cardiac function(AUC二0.86,95%CI0.71-0.92,P<0.001).The sensitivity and specificity of GCS were76% and85%,which were better than GLS(Z\AUC二0.14,P二0.01).The cut-o ff value of MSI was 61.5%.The sensitivity and specificity of MSI were85%and91%respectively,which were better than GCS(z\AUC二0.07,P<0.05).Multiple regression analysis showed that GCS and MSI were independent predictoss of cardiac function recovery(HR二1.5,95%CI1.0-1.9;HR二1.4,95%CI1.1-1.了,both P< 005)Concusions:GCSderivedfrom FTIcanpredictcardiacfunctionrecoveryinSTEMIpatients after PCI without additional gadolinium injection,but MSI is the most effective parameter.【Keywords】Acutemyocardialinfarction;Percutaneouscoronaryintervention;Cardiacmagnetic resonance;Cardiacfunctionrecovery心脏磁共振(CMR)具有高空间分辨率、高软组织对比度、无辐射、造影剂安全、能直接三维成像和“一站式”(同时提供血管解剖、心肌局部和整体功能信息)等优势,已成为评价心肌梗死后心肌纤维化和存活心肌的首选无创检查之一。
Schurter PG05连接器与IEC家用插座C14或C18说明书
1IEC Appliance Inlet C14 or C18 with Line Switch 1- or 2-poleScrew-on mountingnon-illuminated Snap-in versionnon-illuminated Screw-on mounting and line Switch illuminated greenSee below:Approvals and CompliancesC14 70° CC1870° CDescription- Panel mount :Screw-on version from front or rear side, snap-in version from front side- Appliance Inlet protection class I or II , Line Switch 1- or 2-pole - V-Lock notch standard- Quick connect terminals 4.8 x 0.8 mmUnique Selling Proposition- Ultra compact design- Line switch for high inrush currents - Components internally wired - V-Lock cord retainingCharacteristics- All single elements are already wired - Unwired versions available on request - Line switch non-illuminated or illuminated - Ideal for application with high transient loads- Suitable for use in equipment according to IEC/UL 60950Other versions on request- Unwired versions - Solder terminals- Line switch with other rocker markingReferences Alternative: version with line filter DC12 Substitute for type KEB1; KEB2; 6010-KWeblinkspdf datasheet , html-datasheet , General Product Information , Distributor-Stock-Check , Accessories , Detailed request for product , Landing PageT echnical DataRatings IEC10 A / 250 VAC; 50 HzRatings UL/CSA 15 A / 250 VAC; 50/60 Hz ¹⁾Dielectric Strength> 2.5 kVAC between L-N > 3 kVAC between L/N-PE (1 min/50 Hz)Allowable Operation Tempe-rature-25 °C to 70 °CIP-Protection from front side IP 40 acc. to IEC 60529Insulation cover Suitable for appliances with protection class I or II acc. to IEC 61140TerminalQuick connect terminals 4.8 x 0.8 mm Panel Thickness SScrew: max 6 mmMounting screw torque max 0.5 Nm Snap-in: 1/1.5/2/2.5/3 mm Material: HousingThermoplastic, black, UL 94V-0appliance inlet/-outletC14 / C18 acc. to IEC 60320-1, UL 498, CSA C22.2 no. 42 (for cold conditions) pin-temperature 70 °C, 10 A, Protection Class I or IILine SwitchRocker switch 1 or 2 pole, non-illumina-ted or illuminated, acc. to IEC 61058-1 Technical Details1) Standard version 12 A / special version 15AApprovals and CompliancesDetailed information on product approvals, code requirements, usage instructions and detailed test conditions can be looked up in Details about ApprovalsSCHURTER products are designed for use in industrial environments. They have approvals from independent testing bodies according to national and international standards. Products with specific characteristics and requirements such as required in the automotive sector according to IATF 16949, medical technology according to ISO 134485 or in the aerospace industry can be offered exclusively with customer-specific, individual agree-ments by SCHURTER.ApprovalsThe approval mark is used by the testing authorities to certify compliance with the safety requirements placed on electronic products. Approval Reference T ype: DC11Approval Logo Certificates Certification Body DescriptionVDE Approvals VDE Certificate Number: 40007009UL Approvals ULUL File Number: E96454CQC Approvals CQC CCC Certificate Number: 2013010204594013 Product standardsProduct standards that are referencedOrganization Design StandardDescriptionDesigned according to IEC 60320-1Appliance couplers for household and similar general purposesDesigned according to IEC 61058-1Switches for appliances. Part 1. General requirementsDesigned according to UL 498Standard for Attachment Plugs and ReceptaclesDesigned according to CSA C22.2 no. 42General Use Receptacles, Attachment Plugs, and Similar Wiring Devices Application standardsApplication standards where the product can be usedOrganization Design StandardDescriptionDesigned for applications acc.IEC/UL 60950IEC 60950-1 includes the basic requirements for the safety of informationtechnology equipment.Designed for applications acc.IEC 60335-1Safety of electrical appliances for household and similar purposes. Meetsthe requirements for appliances in unattended use. This includes the en-hanced requirements of glow wire tests acc. to IEC 60695-2-12 and -13. CompliancesThe product complies with following Guide LinesIdentification Details Initiator DescriptionCE declaration of conformity SCHURTER AG The CE marking declares that the product complies with the applicablerequirements laid down in the harmonisation of Community legislation onits affixing in accordance with EU Regulation 765/2008.RoHS SCHURTER AG EU Directive RoHS 2011/65/EUChina RoHS SCHURTER AG The law SJ / T 11363-2006 (China RoHS) has been in force since 1 March2007. It is similar to the EU directive RoHS.REACH SCHURTER AG On 1 June 2007, Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 on the Registration,Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals 1 (abbreviated as"REACH") entered into force.SCHURTER AG V-Lock system are based on a matching plug-dose combination. Theconnector is equipped with a notch intended for use with the latchingcordset. The cord latching system prevents against accidental removal ofthe cordset.White paper Glow wire test SCHURTER AG Meets the requirements of IEC 60335-1 for appliances in unattended use.This includes the enhanced requirements of glow wire tests acc. to IEC60695-2-12 and -13.23Dimensions [mm]Screw-on mounting1)2)1) 1-pol non-illuminated2) 2-pol illuminated, 2-pol non-illuminatedSnap-in mounting1)2)1) 1-pol non-illuminated2) 2-pol illuminated, 2-pol non-illuminated4DiagramsLine switch non-illuminated 2-poleL PE 1)21PE'2)1) Line 2) Load Line switch illuminated 2-pole21L PE 2)1)1) Line 2) LoadLine switch non-illuminated 1-pole1)21PE'2)1) Line 2) LoadAll VariantsPackaging unit 50 PcsAccessoriesDescriptionWire HarnessWire harness for SCHURTER productsAssorted CoversRear Cover0859.00474311.9403Cord retaining kitsCord retaining strain reliefFlat head, A4700.0001Countersunk, B4700.0002Mating Outlets/ConnectorsCategory / DescriptionAppliance Outlet Overview completeIEC Appliance Outlet F, Screw-on Mounting, Front Side, Solder Terminal4787IEC Appliance Outlet F, Snap-in Mounting, Front Side, Solder or Quick-connect Terminal4788IEC Appliance Outlet F or H, Screw-on Mounting, Front Side, Solder, PCB or Quick-connect Terminal5091Appliance Outlet further types to DC11Connector Overview complete4782 Mounting: Power Cord, 3 x 1 mm² / 3 x 18 AWG, Cable, Connector: IEC C1347824785 Mounting: Power Cord, 3 x 1 mm² / 3 x 18 AWG, Cable, Connector: IEC C1347854300-06 Mounting: Power Cord, 3 x 1 mm² / 3 x 18 AWG, Cable, Connector: IEC C134300-06IEC Connector C15 for hot conditions 120°C, Rewireable, Straight4781IEC Connector C15 for hot conditions 120°C, Rewireable, Angled4784Connector further types to DC11...Power Supply Cord Overview completeCord Sets 10 A, Europlug, 2.5 m, Connector IEC C13, H05VV-F3G1.0, black6004.0215Cord Sets 10 A, Europlug, 2.5 m, Connector IEC C13, H05VV-F3G1.0, black6003.0215Power Supply Cord further types to DC1156Mating Outlets/Connectors shutteredPower Cord Overview completeVAC13KS, Overview, V-Lock cord retaining, diverse Connector IEC C13, diverse, black VAC13KS Power cord with IEC connector C17, V-Lock, straight VAC17KSPower Cord further types to DC11The specifications, descriptions and illustrations indicated in this document are based on currentinformation. All content is subject to modifications and amendments. Information furnished is believed 18.12.2018。
跨虚拟机的Row Hammer攻击和权限提升
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航运中rcd术语 -回复
航运中rcd术语-回复RCD术语在航运行业中具有重要的意义。
RCD是“Reactor Conditioned Delay”的缩写,意为“反应堆调节延迟”. 该术语用于描述航运领域中的一种特定情况,需要通过一系列步骤进行处理。
本文将逐步解释RCD术语的含义,以及在航运行业中处理RCD的步骤。
首先,我们来解释什么是“反应堆调节延迟”(Reactor Conditioned Delay)。
在航运领域,反应堆是指船上的主要动力源,用于推动船只前进。
调节延迟指的是反应堆在进行相应调节时的延迟时间。
然而,为了确保航运的安全与有效性,必须认真处理RCD情况。
以下是一些处理RCD的步骤。
第一步:识别RCD情况。
在航运运营中,一般会使用故障检测设备来监测反应堆的性能。
当检测到异常情况时,如温度或压力过高,就会出现RCD 情况。
通过对反应堆的监测与数据分析,可以及时发现RCD情况,并采取相应措施。
第二步:安全行动。
一旦RCD情况被确认,必须立即采取安全行动来保护船员和船只的安全。
这可能包括限制船只的活动范围、降低船只的速度或停船等措施。
此外,船员还应按照应急程序进行必要的安全操作,以防止RCD导致更严重的问题。
第三步:原因分析。
一旦安全情况得到控制,就需要进行原因分析以确定RCD的根本原因。
这需要检查反应堆以及与其相关的设备,寻找潜在的问题或功能失效。
此外,还需与船只制造商、供应商或专业人士进行合作,以获得更深入的技术知识和建议。
第四步:修复与调整。
一旦原因确定,就需要采取适当的修复措施来解决问题。
这可能涉及更换故障部件、修复损坏的设备或重新调整反应堆的设置。
修复过程需要认真考虑船只的技术要求和安全标准,以确保修复后的反应堆能够正常运行。
第五步:测试与验证。
修复之后,必须进行全面的测试与验证,以确保反应堆的性能恢复到良好状态。
这包括对修复后的设备进行严格的功能和性能测试,并监测相关的参数以确保其在正常范围内。
此外,还应有专业人员进行审核,确保修复后的船只符合航运行业的要求和标准。
waves插件英汉对照
waves插件名
翻译后名
waves插件名
翻译后名
Prologue
加载方法
API-2500
压缩处理
API-550A
均衡处理
API-550B
均衡处理
API-560
均衡处理
AudioTrack
多重效果
C1 Comp
压缩处理
C1 Comp-Gate
压缩+门限
C1理
RBass
泛音处理
RChannel
多重效果
RComp
压缩处理
RDeEsser
齿音消除
REQ bands
均衡处理
RVerb
卷积混响
RVox
压缩处理
S1-Imager
立体声扩展
REQ bands
均衡处理
SoundShifter G Offline
SoundShifterP
变调处理
SoundShifter P Offline
C1 Gate
门限处理
C4
多段动态
DeEsser
齿音消除
Doppler
声场调整
Doubler
合唱效果
Enigma
迷幻效果
IDR
抖动
L1-Ultramaximizer
母带处理
L1-Ultramaximizer+
音频最大化母带处理
L2
母带处理
L3-MultiMaximizer
多段音频最大化处理
L3-UltraMaximizer
变速变调
SSLChannel
通道条
SSLComp
压缩处理
航运中rcd术语 -回复
航运中rcd术语-回复RCD(Radio Control Device)是一种无线电控制设备,可远程控制船舶航行。
本文将逐步解释航运中RCD术语和相关概念,包括其工作原理、应用范围、优点和使用注意事项。
1. RCD术语的定义RCD是一种通过无线电频率信号控制船舶方向、速度和航行模式的装置。
船舶上安装有接收器和舵机,接收器会接收无线电发送的指令,再通过舵机控制船舶航行。
通过无线电遥控,操作者可以实时控制船只。
2. RCD工作原理RCD通过两个主要组件实现远程控制。
首先是遥控器,操作者通过遥控器发送无线电频率信号。
这个信号可以通过持续按下按钮、旋转拨盘或使用摇杆来控制船只的方向、速度和模式。
其次是船舶上的接收器,它能接收遥控器发送的信号,并将其解码成舵机可以理解的命令。
接收器接收到指令后,通过舵机控制船舶航行。
3. RCD的应用范围RCD的应用范围很广泛,适用于各种类型的船只,包括私人游艇、小型渔船、皮划艇等。
它可以用于娱乐、休闲、运动或渔业等用途。
无论是控制船只的转向、速度或导航,RCD都可以提供方便和灵活的操作方式。
4. RCD的优点RCD相比传统的操控方式有很多优点。
首先,它提供了更大的操控范围,可以远程控制船只,使操作者可以在较远的距离上操控船只,增加了安全性和操作舒适性。
其次,RCD可以实现更精确的控制,无论是调整船只的转向角度还是改变航行速度,RCD都可以提供更准确的操作。
此外,RCD 还可以实现多种航行模式,如自动航行、航线规划或者自动停靠等,给船舶操控带来更多的功能和便利。
5. 使用RCD的注意事项尽管RCD带来了很多便利性,但在使用时也需要遵守一些注意事项。
首先,操作者需要熟悉和掌握RCD的操作方法和功能。
遥控器的使用不同,可能有不同的功能按钮,操作者需要了解并正确使用。
其次,船只上的接收器和舵机需要定期检查和维护,确保其正常工作。
在使用RCD时,还需要考虑安全问题,如避免遥控信号干扰、操作时保持注意力等。
AECC插件特效英汉对照
[AE]CC插件介绍--中英对照(2010-07-17 01:36:34)转载标签:杂谈分类:影视后期教程-AECC Cyco re FX HD插件介绍CC B all A ction(小球状粒子化,在S imula tion菜单中出现)CC B ender(层卷曲效果,不错,在Dist ort菜单中出现)CC Be nd It(区域卷曲效果,在D istor t菜单中出现)CC B lobby lize(融化效果,在Dist ort菜单中出现)CC Bubb les(气泡效果,不错,在Si mulat ion菜单中出现)CC Burn film(胶片烧灼效果,在St ylize菜单中出现)CC Co lor O ffset(RGB色谱调节,在Image Cont rol菜单中出现)CC C ompos ite(对自身进行混合模式处理,不错,在Chann el菜单中出现)CCCylin eder(圆柱体贴图,在Per spect ive菜单中出现)CC Driz zle(雨打水面效果,在Sim ulati on菜单中出现)C C Flo Moti on(两点收缩变形,在Dist ort菜单中出现)CC Forc e Mot ionBl ur(强力运动模糊,在Time菜单中出现)CC Gl ass(玻璃透视效果,好,在S tyliz e菜单中出现)CC Glas sWipe(融化过渡,酷,在T ransi tion菜单中出现)C C Glu e Gun(喷胶效果,在Ren der菜单中出现)CC Grid dler(网格状变形,在Dis tort菜单中出现)C C Gri dWipe(纺锤形网格过渡,在Trans ition菜单中出现)CC Ha ir(毛发生成器,较慢,在Si mulat ion菜单中出现)CC Imag e Wip e(亮度过渡,类似A E自带的T ransi tion/Gradi ent W ipe,在Trans ition 菜单中出现)CC Jaws(锯齿状过渡,在Tr ansit ion菜单中出现)CCKalei da(不错的万花筒效果,在St ylize菜单中出现)C C Len s(鱼眼镜头效果,不如PanLensFlare Pro,在Dist ort菜单中出现)CCLight Burs t 2.5(光线缩放,好,在R ender菜单中出现)CC Li ght R ays(光芒放射,加有变形效果,酷,在R ender菜单中出现)CC Li ght S weep(过光效果,很不错,在Rende r菜单中出现)CC L ightW ipe(边缘加光过渡,带有变形效果,好,在Tran sitio n菜单中出现)CC M r.Mer cury(模仿水银流动,在Si mulat ion菜单中出现)CCMr Sm oothi e(像素溶解运动,酷,在Ima ge Co ntrol菜单中出现)CC Pa ge Tu rn(卷页效果,好,在Dist ort菜单中出现)CCParti cle S ystem s II(不错的二维粒子运动,在Simu latio n菜单中出现)CC Part icleWorld(三维粒子运动,大大优于AE自带的Sim ulati on/Pa rticl ePlay groun d,在Si mulat ion菜单中出现)CC Pixe l Pol ly(画面破碎效果,好,在Si mulat ion菜单中出现)CC Powe r Pin(带有透视效果的四角扯动工具,类似AE自带Dist ort/C orner Pin,在Disto rt菜单中出现)CCPS Cl assic(利用通道形成的粒子系统,有模板,在Si mulat ion菜单中出现)CC PS LE C lassi c(局域性的粒子系统,有模板,在Simu latio n菜单中出现)CC R adial Blur(螺旋模糊,在Blu r Sha rpen菜单中出现)C C Rad ial F ast B lur(快速的放射模糊,好,在BlurSharp en菜单中出现)CCRadia l Sca le Wi pe(带有边缘扭曲的圆孔过渡,在Tran sitio n菜单中出现)CC R ain(下雨效果,在Simul ation菜单中出现)CCRepeT ile(多种方式的叠印效果,好,在Sty lize菜单中出现)CC R ipple Puls e(扩散波纹变形,必需打关键帧才有效果,好,在Di stort菜单中出现)CC Sc ale W ipe(扯动变形过渡,在Tra nsiti on菜单中出现)C C Sca tteri ze(发散粒子化,类似于AE自带的Sty lize/Scatt er,在S imula tion菜单中出现)C C Sim ple W ire R emova l(简单的去除钢丝工具,实际上是一种线状的模糊和替换效果,不错,在Ke ying菜单中出现)CC Slan t(倾斜变形,在Di stort菜单中出现)CC Smea r(涂抹变形,不错,在Dist ort菜单中出现)CC Sn ow(飘雪效果,在S imula tion菜单中出现)C C Sph ere(球化效果,在Persp ectiv e菜单中出现)CC Spli t(简单的胀裂效果,在Dist ort菜单中出现)CC Spli t 2(不对称的胀裂效果,在D istor t菜单中出现)CC Sp otlig ht(点光源效果,好,在Per spect ive菜单中出现)CC Star Burs t(模拟星团效果,在Simul ation菜单中出现)CCThres hold(简单的阈值工具,在A djust菜单中出现)C C Thr eshol d RGB(RGB分色阈值工具,在Adj ust菜单中出现)CC Tile r(简便的电视墙效果,在Dis tort菜单中出现)CC Time Blend(带有动态模糊的帧融合,效果不错,在Ti me菜单中出现)CCTimeB lendFX(可自定义的帧融合,在Ti me菜单中出现CC Tone r(分别对阴影、中间色和高光色调进行替换,在Ima ge Co ntrol菜单中出现)CC Tw ister(扭曲过渡,不错,在Trans ition菜单中出现)CC Ve ctorBlur(向量区域模糊,好,在BlurSharp en菜单中出现)CCWideTime(多重的帧融合效果,在Time菜单中出现)共61种滤镜,其实也就是著名的 Fina lEffe cts,速度、效果和易用性都很好,特别是粒子系统和过渡、变形、光效等。
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RobotChallenge - Line Follower Enhanced RulesNote: All rules are subject to change without notice.Name of Event: Line Follower EnhancedShort Description: The objective of this contest is to complete the course in the shortest period of time while accurately tracking the course line from start to finish.Changelog07.02.2013•Clarified dimensions of the seesaw20.12.2012•Added maximum size and weight for a robot.•Added seesaw as a possible obstacle•Removed tunnel from the possible obstacles21.10.2011•Changed minimal curve radius to 7.5 cm04.01.2011•First publishing1.General Requirements1.1.Size and Weight LimitsThe maximum size of a robot is 30 x 30 cm, the maximum weight is 3 kg. Dimensional and weight limits for robots shall be strictly enforced. Robots must have passed inspection prior to competing.1.2.Course TimeTime is measured from crossing the start line until the robot crosses the finish line. A robot is deemed to have crossed the line when the forward most part of the robot contacts or crosses over the line.1.3.Time LimitA maximum of 3 minutes is allowed for a robot to complete the course. A robot that cannot complete the course in the allotted time shall be disqualified.1.4.TimekeepingTime shall be measured by an electronic gate system or by a judge with a stopwatch, based on the availability of equipment. In either case the recorded time shall be final.1.5.Autonomous ControlOnce a robot has crossed the starting line it must remain fully autonomous, or it will be disqualified.1.6.Arena EdgesA robot that wanders off of the arena surface will be disqualified. A robot shall be deemed to have left the arena when any wheel, leg, or track has moved completely off the arena surface.1.7.Losing the LineAny robot that loses the line course must reacquire the line at the point where it was lost, or at any earlier (e.g. already traversed) point.1.8.Course SpecificationsThe line following course shall traverse a white rectangle. The line shall be black, 15 mm wide. There shall be a starting area at the beginning of the course and an exit area at the end. The line course starts inside the starting area and ends inside the exit area. The start and end points of the line course shall be clearly marked via a transverse line. There shall be a 10 cm gap in the starting and finishing lines where the line course passes through them.Characteristics of the line course:A.There shall be no crossovers (e.g. places where the line crosses itself)B.Switchbacks and hairpins are possible, but the adjacent sections of the line shall beno closer together than 15cm when measured from the center of each line.C.The closest approach of the line course to the edges of the arena shall be no lessthan 15cm, measured from the center of the line.D.The minimal curve radius is 7.5 cm.E.Sharp angles may occur, but will not be smaller than 90°.1.9.Power of OfficialsThe decisions of all officials regarding these rules and the conduct of the event shall be final.2.Requirements for Line Follower Enhanced2.1.InterruptionOn one place on the course the line is interrupted for 10 cm. The interruption won’t be placed in a curve. Therefore a straight extension of the line will lead to the continuation of the course.2.2.ObstacleA brick (approx. 25 x 12 x 6,5 cm L x W x H) will be placed on the course. The robot has to drive around this brick to reach the continuation of the line.2.3.SeesawA seesaw (see Figure 1) is placed somewhere on the course. The length of the seesaw is at least 50 cm. The axis of the seesaw is mounted at most 12 cm above the ground. The black line continues on the seesaw.Figure 1: seesaw3.Declaring Objections3.1.Declaring ObjectionsA.No objections shall be declared against the judges' decisions.B.The lead person of a team can present objections to the Committee, before the matchis over, if there are any doubts in the exercising of these rules. If there are noCommittee members present, the objection can be presented to the judge before the match is over.4.Flexibility of RulesAs long as the concept and fundamentals of the rules are observed, these rules shall be flexible enough to encompass the changes in the number of players and of the contents of matches. Modifications or abolition of the rules can be made by the local event organizers as long as they are published prior to the event, and are consistently maintained throughout the event.5.LiabilityA.Participating teams are always responsible for the safety of their robots and are liablefor any accidents caused by their team members or their robots.B.The RobotChallenge organization and the organizing team members will never be heldresponsible nor liable for any incidents and / or accidents caused by participating teams or their equipment.。