topic+10
TOPIC 10 IAS23 BORROWING COSTS
The objective of this IAS is to prescribe the accounting treatment for borrowing costs. It requires the immediate expensing of borrowing costs but permits, as an allowed alternative treatment, the capitalization of borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset. Note the following points: Borrowing costs are interest and other costs incurred by an enterprise in connection with the borrowing of funds. Borrowing costs may include:Interest on bank overdrafts and short-term and long-term borrowing;Amortization of discounts or premiums relating to borrowings;Amortization of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings;Finance charges in respect of finance leases;Exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowing to the extent that they are regarded as an adjustment to interest costs;A qualifying asset is an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale. Examples of qualifying assets are inventories that require a substantial period of time to bring them to a saleable condition, manufacturing plants, power generation facilities and investment properties. Other investments, and those inventories that are routinely manufactured or otherwise produced in large quantities on a repetitive basis over a short period of time, are not qualifying assets. Assets that are ready for their intended use or sale when acquired also are not qualifying assets.Borrowing costs should be recognized as an expense in the period in which they are incurred. This is the benchmark treatment of IAS23. Under the allowed alternative treatment of the standard, borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset should be capitalized as part of the cost of the asset.The borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are those borrowing costs that would have been avoided if the expenditure on the qualifying asset had not been made.To the extent that funds are borrowed specifically for the purpose of obtaining a qualifying asset, the amount of borrowing costs eligible for capitalization should be determined as the actual borrowing costs incurred on that borrowing during the period less any investment income on the temporary investment of those borrowings.To the extent that funds are borrowed generally and used for the purpose of obtaining a qualifying asset, the amount of borrowing costs eligible for capitalization should be determined by applying a capitalization rate to the expenditures on that asset.The capitalization rate should be the weighted average of the borrowing costs applicable to the borrowings of the enterprise that are outstanding during the period, other than borrowings made specifically for the purpose of obtaining a qualifying ass et.The amount of borrowing costs capitalized during a period should not exceed the amount of borrowing costs incurred during that period.The capitalization of borrowing costs as part of the cot of a qualifying asset should commence when:Expenditures for the asset are being incurred;Borrowing costs are being incurred;Activities that are necessary to prepare the asset for its intended use or sale are in progress.Capitalization of borrowing costs should be suspended during extended periods in which active development is interrupted.Capitalization of borrowing costs should cease when substantially all the activities necessary to prepare the qualifying asset for its intended use or sale are completed.When the construction of a qualifying asset is completed in parts and each part is capable of being used while construction continues on other parts, capitalization of borrowing costs should cease when substantially all the activities necessary to prepare that part for its intended use or slae are completed.The financial statements should disclose:The accounting policy adopted for borrowing costs;The amount of borrowing costs capitalized during the period, and;The capitalization rate used to determine the amount of borrowing costs eligible for capitalization.Questions for PracticeQuestion 1Company A has a pol icy of capitalizing borrowing costs in relation to “qualifying assets” in accordance with the allowed alternative treatment in IAS23 “Borrowing costs”. Details relating to such assets and their financing are:PlantOn 1 October 2003 Company A commenced construction of a manufacturing plant that is expected to take four years to complete. It is being financed entirely by a four-year of $5 million that was entered into at the start of construction. The loan carries fixed interest at 14% per annum and issue costs of 2% of the loan value were incurred. During the year to 30 September 2004 $72000 was earned from the temporary investment of these borrowings.PropertyOwing to the dull state of the property market, construction of this property was halted for the first three months of the accounting year. On 30 June 2004, after a sustained construction period, Company A completed the development of the property. Despite attempts to let the property it remained empty at Company A’s year-end, 30 September 2004. The average carrying value of the property, before inclusion of the current year’s borrowing cost, is $12 million. The property development has be en financed out of funds borrowed generally for the purpose of financing qualifying assets. The company’s we ighted average cost of capital is 11% including all borrowings and 10% if the specific borrowing of $5 million, in respect of the plant above, is excluded.Required:Calculate, with explanations, the amount of borrowing costs that should be capitalized in respect of each qualifying asset.[答疑编号10100101：针对该题提问]Solution:Plant– interest plus amortization of issue costs （straight-line）less interest earned on temporary investment of surplus funds.14% x 5000000 = 700000700000 + （100000/4）– 72000 = 653000Property– 12000000 x 10% x 6/12 = 600000。
大英四英语口语答案topic10
⼤英四英语⼝语答案topic10Topic Ten Interviewing (21世纪Unit 14)Questions1.What kind of job would you like to take after graduation?I think I will follow my interests, because I could do better if I do my favorite job. It’s really aboring thing to do the job I don’t like.2.If you were to hunt jobs, how would you search for job vacancies? On the internet or innewspapers or somewhere? Give your reasons and explain.I will choose internet. Nowdays, internet is widely used, we can get information very easilyon the internet..and I spent many time on the internet ,so I could get job information esily.3.Have you been to an interview for a part-time job or something? If yes, tell us your story. Ifno, tell us a story of others you have heard.Yes , I get a part-time job in the school. I still remember the first interview I have . at first , I did a self introduction .To be honest , I’m really nervous. But I tell myself I have to calm down. Then they ask me some questions. Finally I get the job .4.What should be considered when you take a job interview?first of all,I think it's your surface .That will give a good or bad impression of you to theinterviewer ,and then ,it's your actions ,this is important too;and last ,i think ,your word5.Could you tell us something about dress tips for job hunters?删除6.What do you do after your interview?(Or say something about Post-interview strategy.)I will relax myself. To chat with my friends, share my experience with them. All in all, I willhave a positive attitude and believe myself.Discussion TopicHow to ace a job interview (How to make a job interview successful)?Tips1.What kind of job would you like to take after graduation?(jobs and adj.to describe a job)Secretary/ Receptionist: patient, careful, well-mannered, good with peopleLawyer: eloquent, quick-witted, well-qualifiedReporter/Journalist: quick-witted, good funDoctor: sympathetic, careful, patient, well-qualifiedAccountant: careful, accurate, good with number/money, well-qualified, honestFashion designer: creative, imaginative2. If you were to hunt jobs, how would you search for job vacancies? On the internet or in newspapers or somewhere? Give your reasons and explain.Employment agencies:Job Fairs:Newspapers: (Advantage) (Disadvantage)Internet: (Advantage) (Disadvantage)3. Have you been to an interview for a part-time job or something? If yes, tell us your story. If no, tell us a story of others you have heard.Beginning the story: This happened last summer vacation/in 2010…I had my first interview in…Telling the story: after a while/ then/ so, anyway/the most impressive is…/what is amazing is …/to my surprise/ to my disappointment…Ending the story: so eventually/in the end…4. What should be considered when you take a job interview?Do some research about the company that give me an interview;Think about what should I wear to the interview;Device the interviewing strategy…5. Could you tell us something about dress tips for job hunters?（Refer to Part III Task 2）6. What do you do after your interview?(Or say something about post-interview strategy.) Immediately send a Thank-You Letter.Write a thank-you letter as soon as you get home from the interview. You'll use it for several purposes:(1) To re-emphasize that you really want the job.(2) To provide further explanation of something discussed at the interview.(3) To say thank you. You really should be thankful.(4) To take another opportunity to make yourself shine in comparison to the other candidates. Don't be shy about making follow-up calls.Don't worry, be happy.Negotiate your salary when you are offered the job.Discussion TopicHow to ace a job interview (How to make a job interview successful)? Reference: Part 2 /Part 4 “Speaking tips for job hunters”。
专题10 语音-七上英语期末复习(学生版)
译林版七年级上册综合复习专题10 语音Part One字母发音练习1.How many syllables (音节) does the word “interested” have?A．Two.B．Three.C．Four.D．Five.2.How many syllables (音节) does the word “carrot” have?A．One B．Two C．Three D．Four3. Which of the following words has two syllables (音节)?A．lazy B．glove C．favourite D．smooth4. Which of the following words has the same number of syllables (音节) as “lazy”?A．important B．shirt C．clever D．smooth5. Which of the following words doesn’t have the same number of syllables (音节) as the others?A．ladies B．matches C．pieces D．oranges6. Which of the following words has the same number of syllables (音节) as “clever”?A．hamburger B．enjoy C．potato D．expensive7.Which of the following words has more than two syllables(音节)?A．seldom B．lady C．looks D．favourite8.Which of the following words has the same sound as the “u” in the word “number”?字母组合发音练习1.—Which of the following has the same sound as the “s” in “cups”?—That’s ________.2.Which of the following underlined letters has a different sound?3.—Which underlined part makes a different sound from the other three?—I think _______ does.4.Which of the following words has the sound /au/?A．bowl B．grey C．wear D．shout5.How many different sounds of the underlined “(e) s” are there in the following sentence?A．One.B．Two.C．Three.D．Four.6.Which underlined（划线的）part makes a different sound?7.Which underlined part has a different sound?。
中考英语话题知识拓展 Topic10 购物(常用句型+重难点解析)
中考英语话题知识拓展 Topic10 购物（常用句型+重难点解析）（一）商品常用句型1. How much are these pants? 这些裤子多钱？2. What do you want? 你想要什么？3. We have the yellow shorts and the green sweater. 我们有黄色的短裤和绿色的毛衣。
4. These skirts are on sale. 这些裙子廉价出售。
5. It is 7 dollars. 它是7美元。
6. What's your mother's favorite color? 你妈妈最喜欢什么颜色？7. Why not buy a scarf? 为什么不买一条围巾呢？8. The moon cake is round. 月饼是圆的。
9. What color is it？它是什么颜色？10. I need a big bottle of water. 我需要一大瓶水。
11. We buy the sofa at a very good price. 我们以一个非常便宜的价格买了这个沙发。
12. This pair of shoes is too big for me to wear. 这双鞋子我穿太大了。
13. The products in this store are very popular. 这个商店的商品很受欢迎。
重难点精析考点一辨析how much与how manyHow much+be+主语？用来询问价格，如：How much is the sweater?这件毛衣多少钱？提问不可数名词的数量用 How much, 提问可数名词的数量用 How many。
pants:因为裤子由对称的两部分组成，所以只有复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。
但若用量词 pair of, 谓语动词的单复数视 pair 的单复数而定，类似的名词有： trousers, shorts, glasses, scissors 等。
财务管理专业英语Topic 10
Dividends and Dividend Policy
Types of Dividends
❖ Cash Dividends ❖ Stock Dividends ❖ Property Dividends
❖ Second, the dividend can be a regular dividend, which is paid at regular intervals (quarterly, semi-annually, or annually), or a special dividend, which is paid in addition to the regular dividend.
❖ 股利宣布日是董事会宣布他们打算支付股利的日 期。
❖ The ex-dividend date is the cut-off date for receiving the dividend.
❖ 除息日是收到股利的截止日期。
❖ The record date is the date on which an investor must be a shareholder of the record to be entitled to the upcoming dividend only if they have bought the stock for at least two business days before the record date.
❖ In chronological order, the four important dates associated with a dividend payment are as follows.
中考英语真题阅读 Topic 10 Travel and Transport 旅游与交通
Topic Ten Travel and Transport 旅游与交通话说中考该话题是中考中较为关注的命题之一，其题型不拘泥于记叙、议论等体裁，体现当代英语特点：紧跟时代步伐，体现时代信息；题目简洁明晰；选项表意清楚，逻辑合理。
这就要求做题时，注意文中提供的有用信息，整体把握文中内容。
解题思路：熟悉题型，筛选有用信息，进行推理与归纳。
走进中考(山东潍坊·2010)Expo 2010 is held in Shanghai from May 1 to October 31．People all over the world are looking forward to it．Here are several golden rules on how to best plan your trip．Rule 1：Do your homeworkRead everything you can before going．Really study the maps．Know the pavilions．Arrive at the entrance nearest to the things you want to see．Have a plan．It will make a big difference．Rule 2：Allow plenty of timeExpo 2010 is the largest attraction event in the history of the world．It will take many days to see it．Plan to spend from five to eight days or more seeing it．Rule 3：Pace yourselfExpo is enormous．The distances are punishing．It is better to spend a day seeing a single area than to run back and forth all over the site．Remember to wear the most comfortable shoes．Never mind what they look like．Rule 4：Get going in MayAt many Expos the crowds are smaller in May and in early June than any other time．And beware the last two weeks．During every Expo，people delay their visits and then in early October they suddenly realize，"Expo will close soon! I haven't seen it!" As a result，the last several weeks usually have the most crowded days of the entire Expo．Rule 5：Find out what everyone else is doing and do the oppositeIf you don't like large crowds and long lines，do the opposite．Here is an example：Most people go on Saturdays or on holidays．So avoid Saturdays and holidays．Go on weekdays when most people are at work．Rule 6：Turn upExpo 2010 is the largest celebration in China's history —an amazing once in a lifetime event．When it is gone and it will never be seen again．So whatever you do，don't miss it!根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
topic 10 by 秦晓星 苑晓鹤
Part Two TOPIC InterviewingSection One Ask each of the students one question on the topic “Interviewing ”.1.What kind of job would you like to take after graduation?2.If you were to hunt jobs, how would you search for job vacancies? On the internet or in newspapers or somewhere? Give your reasons and explain.3.Have you been to an interview for a part-time job or something? If yes, tell us your story. If no, tell us a story of others you have heard.4.What should be considered when you take a job interview?5.Could you tell us something about dress tips for job hunters?6. What do you do after your interview?(Or say something about Post-interview strategy.) Section Two Topic discussionDuring the discussion you may argue with each other or ask each other questions to clarify a point. Your performance will be judged according to your contributions to the discussion.How to ace a job interview (How to make a job interview successful)?Reference1.What kind of job would you like to take after graduation?Sample: I want to be a doctor, because I am sympathetic and careful. I will study hard to be a well-qualified doctor.(jobs and adj.to describe a job)Secretary/ Receptionist: patient, careful, well-mannered, good with peopleLawyer: eloquent, quick-witted, well-qualifiedReporter/Journalist: quick-witted, good funDoctor: sympathetic, careful, patient, well-qualifiedAccountant: careful, accurate, good with number/money, well-qualified, honestFashion designer: creative, imaginative2. If you were to hunt jobs, how would you search for job vacancies? On the internet or in newspapers or somewhere? Give your reasons and explain.Employment agencies: not reliable. There are some tricks. Job-hunters are sometimes fooled or overcharged.Job Fairs: Especially, if it is organized by the university authority, it is reliable. There are a lot of job vacancies for the university graduates.Newspapers: (Advantage) more reliable than the internet(Disadvantage) there are not as many job vacancies as on the internet,Internet: (Advantage) a large amount of information, easy to scan the targeted post, convenient (Disadvantage) be full of false information, leak private information.3. Have you been to an interview for a part-time job or something? If yes, tell us your story. If no, tell us a story of others you have heard.叙述时以时间为序，并要突出重点，相关句型如下：Beginning the story: This happened last summer vacation/in 2010…I had my first interview in…Telling the story: after a while/ then/ so, anyway/the most impressive is…/what is amazing is …/to my surprise/ to my disappointment…Ending the story: so eventually/in the end…4. What should be considered when you take a job interview?Do some research about the company that give me an interview;Think about what should I wear to the interview;Device the interviewing strategy…5. Could you tell us something about dress tips for job hunters?（根据教参226-228页整理）(1 dress neatly)The key to looking professional and sophisticated is dressing neatly. For example, arrive at an interview with one bag or one brief case, nothing hanging out. No gym totes, lunch bags, water bottles or newspapers. And if y ou are coming straight from a long commute, don’t wear sneakers into the interview.Also, stay away from a lot of layers, too many accessories, and anything that gives a cluttered or messy appearance. This includes rolled-up sleeves, wrinkled shirts and unshined shoes.The most important thing is to not wear anything distracting or memorable. You don’t want your interviewer to remember your earrings, eye shadow, or what you wore, but what you can bring to the company.(2 use good judgment)Use good judgment. This means if you’re not sure, don’t wear it.Definitely Nos are clothing that is too revealing, low cut or tight tops, and high cut skirts or anything that pulls. Ladies, if you’re desperate and your blouse or sweater is pulling at your chest, wear a tank （背心）of the same color and unbutton one more button. Honestly though, you’d better off sizing up.(3 research environment)Be aware of what the present employees are wearing at a company or in the industry you’re interviewing at. A suit is not always a must. In fact in some cases, it may even be inappropriate. For example, if you’re interviewing for a job in the television industry, people sometimes dress pretty casually, while in finance, people are still wearing suits. If you’re interviewing for a fashion position, you may want to look stylish. And in that case, check out the style guide for what’s in this spring.(4 dress up a level)The common rule is, know the dress code and take it up a level. For example, if you’re interviewing at a company where everyone wears jeans, a man should wear a pair of slacks and a button-down （领尖有纽扣的衬衫）plain or with a sweater; a woman should wear a skirt, a pair of pants and a blouse or a sweater. (Stick to neutral colors) If everyone at the company wears slacks and button-downs, a man can wear a tie, no jacket, a jacket no tie, or a jacket and a tie, a woman should take it up a notch （提高一等）as well by adding a sweater or a jacket. Finally if the guys wear sports jackets, or suits, and all the women wear suits, do the same. Quick notes: skirt line should be at or half an inch above your knee, no shorter. Man, your pants should always hit halfway down your heel, no matter where you’re interviewing. Two or three button jackets are fine, depending on your preference.(5 stay fragrance free)My advice is “don’t enter an interview smelling like anything in particular”.Perfume and fragrances can evoke great memories, but they can also evoke bad ones.You’re also taking a chance that your interviewer may have allergies. Finally,don’t smoke before an interview. If you’re a smoker, wait until after.Don’t forget, an interview is not a fashion show. For more great career advice, check out . I’ Noelle Watters. Thanks for clicking on.开头或结束语：You want to think about, “Wha t is the perfect individual look for me and does it look like every other young woman graduating college today?” It shouldn’t. I want to see something personal.To sum up: to spend some time understanding what is the most important to you and how you want to present yourself at work.The biggest message really is show up as yourself, your absolute best self. Don’t show up as who your mother thinks you should be. Don’t show up as who your boss thinks you should be. Don’t show up as who your boyfriend thinks you should be. Show up as you and you will see that all the other pieces will really show up for you.6. What do you do after your interview?(Or say something about post-interview strategy.)（根据互联网资料整理)POST-INTERVIEW STRATEGY #1: Immediately send a Thank-You Letter.Write a thank-you letter as soon as you get home from the interview. You'll use it for several purposes:(1) To re-emphasize that you really want the job. This is assuming, of course, that you do want the job. If, after the interview, you don't think it's the right job for you, don't bother sending a thank-you letter.(2) To provide further explanation of something discussed at the interview. For example, if there was some discussion of your leadership skills but you forget to mention a great example from a previous job, put this in your letter.(3) To say thank you. You really should be thankful. There may have been dozens (or even hundreds) of applicants for that position. Even though your qualifications are what got you the interview, be humble and appreciate the opportunity you were given to show them in person whata wonderful asset to the company you will make!(4) To take another opportunity to make yourself shine in comparison to the other candidates. A short thank-you letter can be written in less than 30 minutes, but only a small percentage of job seekers actually bother doing this. So by sending this letter, you will create another favorable impression that sets you above the rest.If you're not sure who to address the letter to, call the Human Resources person who scheduled your interview. Get the names (and spelling) and mailing address of whoever conducted the interview.Your letter can be handwritten, but I'd only recommend this if you have wonderful handwriting. If in doubt, do it on a computer.It's better to send it as a regular letter through the mail than to do it by e-mail. People get so much email these days they may ignore yours. As email becomes more popular, real letters become rarer, and thus more special. A letter will get their attention when an email message may not. But send your letter as soon as possible. You want it to arrive before they've made their final decision. POST-INTERVIEW STRATEGY #2: Don't be shy about making follow-up calls.It's often sad but true that many companies take forever to fill a position, and keeping applicants informed of the process is a low priority for them. They may tell you after the interview that they'll make a decision within two or three days, and let you know either way. Hah! Don't count on it! They will call you if you are selected, of course. But the process may take longer than expected. And if you are not their number-one choice, they'll take their time in sending out your "notice of non-selection" (if they bother sending one at all).So don't wait -- take action! If the allotted time has passed and you haven't heard anything, call the company and ask about the status of that job.POST-INTERVIEW STRATEGY #3: Don't worry, be happy.If you've followed the strategies you've learned, the chances are very good that you will be selected for the position. But should wondering about it keep you up at night? No. The process is now out of your hands, so worrying about it won't do you any good. There are only two possible outcomes. Either you got the job and you will be notified in due time; or you didn't get the job. Even if you didn't get selected for that particular position, don't consider this as a "failure" -- it isnot. No interview is a failure, or a waste of your time. Each one should be considered a valuable opportunity to practice and sharpen your interviewing skills.And if you believe in "fate," maybe you just weren't meant to get that job because a better one is waiting for you!POST-INTERVIEW STRATEGY #4: Negotiate your salary when you are offered the job. Sometimes salaries are set; you take the job, you take the stated salary. But other times the salary is open to negotiation and the employer has a range to work with, based on your skills and experience. Most often you will be offered the lowest salary in that range. But don't be afraid to request a higher starting salary, particularly if your skills and experience warrant it. There is a fine art to salary negotiation.Discussion:Reference 1(根据教参229-230整理)(Tip #1: Tell them what’s interesting about you)Tell them what’s interesting about you. In part they are trying to figure out, “Is this the human being we want to sit next to for the next five years? Is this someone we want to have coffee with in the coffee room in the morning?” You need to be likable. So show up on time. Be pleasant. Be well-dressed. Be professional. Make yourself look your best and appropriate for that job. Next, you’ve got to think about what to say. They say, “So tell me about yourself”. Don’t you say “Well, I graduated from college.” Be interesting. Tell them specific examples, specific stories about what you’ve done in previous jobs that’s relevant to them.(Tip #2: Talk about yourself as it relates to THEM)The key word “them”. Talk about yourself as it relates to them. Now it’s a job interview. You do have to talk about yourself. Talk about how you can bring value to their business, to their organization. That’s what they care about. Talk about how something you read on their website about them is relevant to specific experiences you had in your previous job or your current job or your college internship.(Tip #3: Be specific)Be specific. One of the biggest blunders most people made is they are too general, they are too abstract. “Well, I’m good at managing people, and I’ve raised funds, and I’m good at problem solving.” What does that mean? Don’t tell people you are good at problem solving. Tell them one specific problem you solved. It doesn’t mean you have to solve the US budget crisis. It could be as simple as there was a fund-raiser for your college and everyone else fell away （消失）, and you had to be in charge of raising a thousand dollars in 2 days, and somehow you did it. That can be more memorable.(Tips # 4: Leave an impression)The No.1 problem for you: you don’t leave any impression at all.So you’ve got to spend some time thinking about how you are going to define yourself, what’s interesting about you, what’s the most interesting thing that you’ve ever done. It might not even be related to work but something that shows who you are, that you are courageous, whether you went mountain hiking or you went on a cross-country bike trip. What about you is different, is interesting, that shows that you have talents. Give specific examples. Be specific, and remember it’s still a conversation. So ask someone. Ask the person who’s interviewing you questions.Comment on something you see on the person’s desk. So if you see a picture on someone’s desk who is interviewing you —it’s a picture that the person water skiing and you water ski — hey, here is your chance to talk about water skiing. Create common bonds that can be very helpful in a job interview.(Tip #5: Let them know what you can do for them.)The No.1 thing you’ve got to make sure that happens is that person has a clear-cut sense of the outcomes you can create for them. So it’s not about I was Phi Beta Kappa and I was this. Tell people how you can create outcomes for that business, that organization, for their clients, their customers. Make it crystal clear how you can add value. That’s your No.1 goal in a job interview. And to come across as likable, interesting and someone people want to have around your office everyday.Reference 2 (根据教参220-222页整理)How to Ace a job interview (How to make a job interview successful)Step 1 Put the interview into perspectiveTry to think of it as an exchange between two people rather than a one-way interrogation. You know they have an interest in you; you have an interest in them. It should be a two-way thing. It is very helpful actually to think of it like a first date. You know you want to make sure you show yourself in your best side, but you also want to make sure that it is the right thing for both of you. Step 2 Be clearBe absolutely clear by why they should hire you, you know, what are your unique selling points and how can you match that to what they are looking for.Think about that upfront and really give examples throughout the interview as to just how good you are and just how relevant your experience is. It’s up to you to show them that you are the right candidate for the following reasons. So take every opportunity to get your selling points across. Step 3 Give examplesExamples. Examples. ExamplesAn example is a proof. It’s a proof that you’ve already done what the interview is asking for and you can do it for them again.So really throughout the interview give as many examples as you can and think about in the following way: each example should illustrate what was the problem, what did you do and what was the result.The great thing about using examples is that it helps you avoid clich’s or answering the questions like everybody else would.Your experience and your example is unique, and by giving them the examples you will really stand out as a unique candidate.Step 4 Never assumeNever assume that the interviewers have read your CV. So feel free to, you know, talk about things in the CV, elaborate on them, expand on them, using some of the examples in there. On the other hand make sure you know your CV as well. There is nothing worse than saying: “Ah, did I really put that on my CV?”Step 5 Never slag offDon’t ever slag off any former employees, products, colleagues or experiences. Be very positive about your experiences so far.Step 6Prepare at least three questionsPrepare at least three pertinent questions to actually ask them. Think about what you really wanna know. Do you wanna know about the management style, the culture of the company? What is important for you to know and have them prepared and know exactly what you gonna ask.Step 7 ListenListen and read between the lines as to what they are really asking.If you have any doubt, then ask them to clarify, but listen and answer the questions they asked. Step 8 Don’t talk too muchDon’t talk too much or go into excessive details. You know, keep it brief, keep it succinct, and answer the question. If they want more detail, they will ask you. On the other hand, don’t just sit there like a lemon and give very short answers. It’s the most frustrating thing for the interviewer. So do engage in conversation.Step 9 Do your researchKnow the company. Research! Research! Research! Make sure you’ve done your research before the interview, so you know all the things that are relevant about the company and make sure that throughout the interview you bring up little snippets （片段）about their products, their competitors, to show them that yes, you really know what they are all about.。
Seminar 10 Topic 10 Foreign Exchange Market and RiskPPT课件
matching FX dealers’ buy and sell orders for a fee
7
Centபைடு நூலகம்al banks
Enter FX market to
Purchase foreign currency
to pay for government imports, or pay interest on, or redeem, government debt
FX market participants can be classified as
FX dealers and brokers Central banks Firms conducting international trade transactions Investors and borrowers in the international capital markets Foreign currency speculators Arbitrageurs
Facilitate exchange of value from one currency to another Internationally adopted FX market conventions
to improve market functionality
5
15.1 FX Market Participants (cont.)
Change the composition of holdings of foreign currencies
in managing official reserve assets
Influence the exchange rate
Part of economic policies
topic10
3
Payments Database
Order No.
135667 136778 137345 137447
Date
12/9/00 12/9/00 13/9/00 14/9/00
Cust ID
1234nt Paid
89.85 113.50 437.80 359.40
Unit Price
9.95 29.95 45.30 56.75
Web Site - Stock Catalogue Interface
¥ Stock database is up-dated in usual way ¥ Web page accesses database and up-loads current stock information ¥ (Contrast with static web site stock information)
The Future of EC A ÔMiddleÕ View
¥ EC will bring about profound changes in some industries, for some products and for some consumers ¥ The technological infrastructure will become a commodity, but the exploitation of that infrastructure will not ¥ Adapting EC to the needs of the business is more important than adapting the business to the needs of EC ¥ B2B commerce will probably be significantly more important than B2C commerce
高考英语话题式完型填空精解精练：Topic 10 weather学案
Topic 10 Weather一、学习目标：1.学习天气的相关名词、动词、形容词和副词；2.运用上述词到完形填空中，并完成达标检测任务；3.对照完形填空的细目表评价在本学习内容中你的所得。
二、学习过程【课前预习】 Pre-classTask 1:完形填空总结规律She was being _3____with questions and bitter words by a number of people who seemed to assume that the poor weather, flight cancellations and everything else causing them sorrow was her fault and each one in turn laid all their sorrow on her and I could see she was on the point of going crazy.Then I asked her to act busy while I spoke to her.I told her in line to give her a 5 minute ___10____. While she typed, I explained to her that while all of these people were determined to __11____her day, she had other people that really cared about her and that was far more important than what was happening here today. Given all of that, the things happening here weren’t important and shouldn’t stress her out. We chatted back and forth for a few minutes as she continued to look busy.3. A. asked B. attacked C. charged D. shared 10. A. chat B. opportunity C. break D. complaint11. A. share B. cancel C. pass D. ruin解题技巧：_____________自主学习互动讨论 Task 2: 目标检测If you have ever driven in the mountains on a cool autumn morning, then you know what fog is. Today I just drove right into a(n) _1____ o fog. I quickly slowed down and __2__my headlights. Seeing the road ahead was a __3__. I felt as if I had been transported into a shadow world. Everywhere I looked was only dark grayness. Even the trees _4__ the road had become frightening, __5__ me of some frightening stories. I wondered if it would end.After a while thought, the sun broke through the fog and the world was transformed. The golden light beams __6_ the landscape. The red and yellow _7___ shone on the trees. Everything seemed full of light and joy again. I smiled and drove singing a song in my heart. I thanked God for both the sunshine and the __8__, because it reminded me again of just how ___9___ this world can be.In our lives the fog can roll in sometimes too. Things can go _10___. Problems can appear. Difficulties, pains and troubles scan seem to _11__ us and block out all the light in our life. When this happens and the world seems _12__ in gray we need to remember that we too can __13_ the fog. We too can drive the shadows away with love. We too can transform the world with our joy. We toot can light a way through the dark, for others to follow. God is willing to __14__ out souls with is love and light. All he asks is that we share the shine. My all of your foggy days be _15__ then. May your soul shine lightly. And may your forever struggle to live in God’s light.1. A. square B. sea C. area D district2. A. turned on B. turned own C. turned off D. turned up3. A. challenge B. disappointment C. devotion D. pain4. A. ranging B. lining C. passing D. moving5. a. warming B. informing C. telling D. reminding6. A. bathed b. charged C. broke D. impressed7. A. branches B. flowers C. fruit D. leaves8. A. weather B. air C. fog D. morning9. a. peaceful B. beautiful C. harmonious D. quiet10.A. wrong B. mad C. bad D. dark11.A. surround B. strike C. hurt D. ruin12.a. moved B. touched C. covered D. attached13.A. take over B. break through C. go through D. put aside14.A. replace B. charge C. compete D. fill15.A. lasting B. endless C brief D. lateTask 3 目标达成自测。
2024考研英语二大作文话题预测(必背10篇+选背2篇)+2024考研英语(二)写作大纲样题解析
2024英语二考研大作文话题预测（必背10篇+选背2篇）目录大作文话题预测第一节必背10篇01图表：高铁发展02图表：燃油车与新能源汽车销量变化03图表：我国老年人口比例04图表：居民日常出行选择05图表：年轻人就餐选择06图表：图书获取渠道07图表：课余时间使用情况08图表：阅读偏好09图画：科技改变习惯（新大纲）10材料作文：奖励式教育（新大纲）第二节选背2篇01图表：中学生近视率02材料作文：课堂上使用手机（新大纲）附录：考研英语（二）写作大纲样题解析大作文话题预测第一节必背10篇Topic01图表：高铁发展Directions:Write an essay based on the chart below.In your writing,you should1)interpret the chart,and2)give your comments.You should write about150words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15points)参考范文范文中加粗的部分为功能句，在其他图表作文中也适用。
This is a line graph that clearly illustrates the significant changes in the high-speed rail mileage and the number of passengers in China from2012to2021.During this period,the mileage ascended dramatically from less than10thousand kilometers to over40thousand kilometers. Meanwhile,the number of passengers also showed a sharp growth,especially from2016to2021, reaching approximately3billion in2021.Such statistics can naturally be associated with the fast development of high-speed trains in China.For one thing,in recent years,China has been characterized by its economic boom and prosperity,which enabled the government to possess an additional budget to invest in constructing infrastructures,including high-speed trains and related facilities.For another,compared with other means of transportation,high-speeds train are faster,more comfortable and safer.Thus,an increasing number of people choose to travel by high-speed trains.To my understanding,it is of great necessity for our government to continue to fund the construction of high-speed railways and other infrastructures,which will bring citizens convenience,arouse their enthusiasm for traveling,and help them create a better life.I believe that if our government does its utmost,the prospects for China will be promising.参考译文这是一个折线图，清晰地展示了2012年至2021年间中国高铁里程和旅客人数的巨大变化。
Topic_10
Types of Deposit Accounts Offered
Types of deposit accounts
Transaction (payment or demand) deposits Non-transaction (savings or thrift) deposits
Commercial Bank Management @ Fall, 2010
Types of Deposit Accounts Offered
Individual Retirement Account (IRA) - The Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 Keogh deposit – have tax benefits Roth IRA – The Tax Relief Act of 1997 allows non-tax-deductible contributions Default option retirement plans – The Pension Protection Act of 2006
Making payment on behalf of customers One of the oldest services Provider is required to honor any withdrawals immediately
Commercial Bank Management @ Fall, 2010
Types of savings or thrift deposits
Passbook savings account Statement savings deposit Time deposit (CD)
英语口语对话10个
英语口语对话10个T o p i c(总8页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--1. HolidaysA: Hey, Bill, the winter holiday is coming. Are you excited?B: Yeah. I have been away from home for half a year. I miss my families.How about you?A: I am also eager to go back home. You hometown is in the south of China, right Can you tell me about how to celebrate Spring Festival in your regionB: People will do Spring Festival shopping, and buy lots of food, new clothes, and so on. Kids like playing fireworks. But It’s a little dangerous. In the New Year’s Eve, fa milies get together to have a big dinner.A: It sounds great. In the north, people would have dumplings. It’s delicious, but a little difficult to make. Do you have dumplings?B: No, it’s not a tradition in the south. As you say, it’s complicated to make. But we will eat rice dumpling.A: Oh, maybe southern people have the right choice. In Spring Festival, we place doublets on our door and make New Year cake. We also have family reunion dinner. And people would watch the Spring Festival Gala of CCTV. To be honest, I don’t really like it. It’s getting more and more tedious.B: Yeah, I agree with that. But people seem to have no choices but watchthe Gala. It has become a tradition to stay home late watching TV, and, in the next morning, people get up early to visit neighbors.A: Yeah, in my hometown, we sleep for only 4 or 5 hours. I hate it, for it’s cold and dark outside. I just wonder why we cannot get up as usual.B: Oh, it’s the tradition, which we should respect. By the way, when will you come back to school?A: Maybe before the Lantern Festival. What a pity! How about you?B: The same with you. We can celebrate the Lantern Festival in Beijing. Maybe we can have more fun. How about going to visit some interesting places together when we come back?A: Good idea. It’s a deal.B: Deal!!!2. TravelA: Hey, Bill, long time no see. Where have you been these days?B: I have been to Hangzhou for five days.A: Oh, I heard that there are many places of interest in Hangzhou. So how was your trip?B: It’s great. Exactly I visited the West Lake. It's really beautiful. The lake is very large and the water is clean.A: Yeah, West Lake is really a great place that I want to visit. Have you been to Leifeng Towel?B: Yeah, of course. Everyone knows the love story of BaiSuzhen and Xu Xian. It would be a pity if I have’t visited the Leifeng Towel.A: That’s right. I must have a visit there if I had a chance. By the way, do you like travel?B: Yes, I love travel . Not just for fun, it's also educational. It gives me chances to know different places and cultures. In addition, it teaches me how to communicate with strangers and deal with urgencies.A: I can't agree more. I also like travel very much. After I coming to Beijing, I went to many famous places like Forbidden City, the Great Wall, Tian'anmen Square on weekends. But there are always crowds of people and it's really tough to get on buses or subway. By the way, where do you want to visit most in the worldB: I want to go to Maldives most. You know, Maldives is an island nation with beautiful scenery. The long white beach, colorful coral and clean water deeply .those all attract me. I have been dreaming to go there for a long time.A: Wow, it sounds really attractive. I want to see Pyramids in Egypt.B: Oh, that’s also a wonderful place. Maybe we can go there together someday.A: Yeah, I think it will come soon. Have a nice day. See you.B: See you.3. TransportA: Hey, Bill, what’s wrong with you You were absent from Science and Art class this evening. And Mr. Sun may be angry with you.B: Really Oh, I happened to meet a traffic jam from my workplace.A: Ye, the transport in BJ are so terrible, especially in the early morning and late afternoon. By the way, when were you back to school?B: About eight ‘clock. You know, originally, it just takes me less than one hour from my workplace to school if everything goes well, but today, I have been standing on the bus for almost about two hours.A: I’m sorry to hear that. Last week, I went to Chaoyang District for an interview. The bus was always at a standstill, and all I could do was waiting patiently. I was so bored at that time.B: It’s true; maybe the only landscape I can see is bicycle weaving their way slowly between bus and car.A: However, some people riding bicycles do n’t abide by the traffic rules. It has a so bad impact on the transport.B: You are right. If everyone obeys the rules, maybe the whole condition will be improved greatly.A: I think, it’s more convenient for us to ride a bicycle than take a bus in Beijin g. And I really want to own a bicycle.B: Agree with you, and I’m just thinking about buying a bicycleA: Well, can we buy the bicycles together?B: Why not What about this weekend I will call you, OKA: OK. See you this weekend.B: See you.4. EnvironmentA: Hey, Bill, long time no see. How is it going?B: Everything is fine. How about you?A: I am fine, too! Do you like the weather in Beijing?B: No, I don’t like it. The weather here is dry and little rain along the all year. A: Yes, I agree. The sky is always full of dust and not very clear all day. Do you know what the reason is?B: I think the trees around the Beijing city become less and less. When the big wind comes, it brings a lot of dust. So the color of the sky becomes yellow.A: Yes. I think so. Our environment is worse day by day. The fresh water crises, acid rain, climate changing are all problems of the environment.B:and The output waste is increasing year by year. The more we get, the more we throw away.A: Yeah. People will not be aware of the seriousness until they face a really bad situation. You know, in the last two month, people in Beijing had suffered a lot with the foggy weather.B: Yeah, in such weather, we can easily breath in the harmful substances. And we may get diseases.A: We had better stay indoors. But we cannot escape from the bad situation of our environment. We must do something to improve it.B: So do you know some measures to solve these problems?A: I think our government should make more laws to prevent cutting trees, polluting water and atmosphere.B: Maybe we can enhance everyone’s awarness of protecting the environment. When everyone know the importance, our environment will be become more and more better .A: That’s right. Wish we’ll have a better environment in the future.B: Yeah, that won’t be long.5. EducationA: Hey, Bill, do you know one of my classmates went to America last week?B: Oh, really. What does he do in America?A: He went to Columbia University to earn the master’s degree.B: That’s a good university. What is his major?A: He majors in Economy Mathematics. Maybe after he graduates, he will work in a company of Wall Street in America?B: Oh, that’s awesome. I really admire him.A: So do I. Do you like to study in America?B: Yeah, I’m preparing for it. But it’s hard to get enrolled in some top school. A: So, why do you spare no efforts to study abroad?B: Because I think there are many good universities in America. These universities have enough scientific research funds, many famous scientists, and a lot of advanced equipments.A: I agree with you. We can learn more in those universities. Those are really good placesfor doing research. But I think recently the research ability of our country is becoming better and better. In some subjects our coun try’s scientists are the best in the world.B: Yes, you are very right. But I think there are many problems in our education. And in the field which I’m interested in, some schools in America lead the World. So I will do my best to earn a chance to study abroad?A: Well, I hope you would get a chance and accept education in America someday.B: Oh, I hope so, thank you. So what about you Do you want to acquire a Ph. DA: I don’t think I’m equal to do some research. So I will look for a job after I graduate.B: That’s also a good choice for the same. AND good luck TO YOU .A: Thank you. The same to you. See you.B: See you.6. JobsA: Hello, Bill. We haven’t seen each other for a long time. You look nervous today. What’s the matter with you?B: Oh, Jack. I’m happy to see you now. I have some questions to ask you.A: Go ahead. I’ll tell you whatever I know.B: That’s wonderful! I heard that you took part in a job interview, last month. Besides, you won the job, didn’t you?A: Yes, I do. I’m working at the c ompany as a white collar.B: Could you impart me some experience about preparing for a job?A: Of course. I can tell you some tricks that you should make preparation in order to win a job interview.B: I will apply for a job. Especially it is a job I really want.A: Because of this, it’s not unusual to feel nervous and anxious.B: However, it’s this anxiety that keeps us from getting our dream job.A: So you must overcome your nervousness and build up confidence.B: In other words, it involves two aspects: one mental and the other physical. A: I think so. Mentally, it’s important to prepare yourself for the interview without obsessing over it .Remember, it might be your dream job, but it won’t be the end of the world .If you don’t get it, tell yourself that the company would be lucky to get you; and if they choose someone else, it will be their loss.B: In essence, I need to build my self-confidence.A: Of course. Your ability to answer all questions without hesitation will be certain.B: Aside from mental preparation, what else should I do?A: Yes, it’s time to work on your physical presentation. No matter what position you are applying for, your physical appearance at the interview will be a big factor in the final determination.B: It’s always a good idea to wear a suit , isn’t it?A: Right. it doesn’t have to be a designer suit , but something plain and conservative. Don’t dress too informally.B: do the interviewers also wearing informally?A: that might be not. You would be surprised how careless some interviewers are.B: I learn much from you ,today. Thank you very much.A: You’re welcome. I believe you can win your job interview.7. CulturesA: Hey, good morning, Bill.B: Hey, good morning. How are you doing?A: I'm doing okay.B: But you look confused. What's the matter?A: Noting, I visited my foreign teacher just now, but it seemed that he didn't want to talk with me. I don't think my English is such bad.B: I see. You do speak excellent English, but communication is more than pronunciation, grammar and vocabulary. It means a lot more.A: I’m not really sure what you’re getting at.（我不懂你的意思）B: Ok. Let me put it another way. Did your teacher look displeased?A: Yes, he did. Did I annoy him?B: I guess so. But I don’t think it has anything to do with your English. It must be your way of doing things or saying things. In other words, you didn’t pay attention to the cultural rules.A: That’s exactly what he said to me.B: Ok, tell me briefly about your visit to him and let me see what happened. A: All right. I went to see Mr. Travis just now. He was eating. I knocked on the door. No one answered. I pushed the door open, and I found him eating. Why didn’t he open the door right away?B: I see. Did you make an appointment before you visitA: No, I thought I knew him quite well, I chatted with him often, you know.B: Well, if I were you, I wouldn’t have gone to see him at dinner time, even worse, without an appointment, because eating is considered very private.A: What other subjects are considered private?B:, for example. Don’t talk about or ask about politics, illness, Men’s salary and women’s age, etc.A: What can we talk about then?B: About sports. About weather, art, literature(文学), education, food, dress, music, hobbies and so on. An English man and an English woman can talk about weather for hours, even if they don’t know each other.A: That’s funny. Isn’t it?B: Not really. Different people have different cultures. So you should be well prepared, before you go to a foreign’s home.A: Oh, I see. Thank you.B: You’re welcome.8. EntertainmentA: hey, Bill, What do you do for recreation Do you have a hobbyB: I have been doing yoga recently. I think yoga is suitable for me.A: But I t think yoga is not so easy. And how do you feel when you practice yoga B: Oh, I feel very tired and sweat a lot.A: It may help you keep fit, build your body and make you more healthy.B: Sure. But more importantly, I can clam my mind. And yoga can improve my flexibility.A: I think so.B: And what about you?A: I like playing computer games and surfing on the Internet in my spare time. B: Oh, I suggest you had better don’t be addicted to that.A: Yeah, of course. I play computer games just for relaxing myself. Do you have any other hobby?B: I like cycling. Not long ago, I bought a new bicycle, and I always ride a bike from our school to Tiananmen. That feel is wonderful.A: That’s a good hobby.B: And would you like to go to cinema?A: Yes, I’d love to. I like the atmosphere of the cinema. I always go to a fixed cinema.B: Do you like singing?A: Yes, I do.B: What kind of music do you like?A: Pop music.B: Pop music? I like it, too.A: Which singer do you best love?B: Beyond. Although they already farewell to the stage, their songs are still classic. I will support them forever. What about you?A: My idol is Stefanie Sun. She comes from Singapore, and several months ago, she released her 11th album called it’s time. I have been dreaming of seeing her concert.B: I wish your dream come true early.A: Thank you very much.9. CommunicationsA: hi, Bill, you look angry, what's the matter?B: Don't mention it. Today I quarreled with a colleague who works in the same group.A: What's wrong ,tell me something in detail.B: A fresh man joined my group last month. Recently the deadline of our project is coming and each member is busy with the final work. It happened that a report must be handed in to the manager so I give the task to the new guy.A:that's not bad ,you should cooperate and give the fresh man chances .B: you are right . today he me gave the report and let me have a check. I criticized his report and gave him some advices. As a result he began to quarrel with me.A:So ...what did you say about his report?B:I said his report is too simple and childish. And let him wirte the report again. I can't help to criticize him. A:oh ,that's your fault. You know , even his work was really not vary good, you have no need to be so blunt.B:whyI just told him the truth directly, and ask him to work more serious .A:I think you can tell him in a more polite way. It seems that this is not the first time you quarrel with others. I think you need to learn some communication skills.B: So how should I communicate with others?A: The most important thing is to be sincere. Then you should take other's feeling into consideration and talk in a way he will accept easier.B:yeah maybe I got it. Thanks for your advice. I'll take it into practice and develop better relationship with others.10. HealthS: Doctor, I am uncomfortable.C: What’s the matter with youS: I am easy to be tired. If I go up stairs, I will be out of breath. It didn’t happen before. Maybe I am serious ill now?C: Don’t worry. Let me ask you some questions. How much do you weigh S: About 100 kg.C: Oh, I must say don’t you feel you are overweight. You must watch your weight to keep healthy. Too fat is bad for you.S: How to lose weight I try to do it. But every time I forget it.C: I think the best way to lose weight is doing exercises. Such as running, play tennis, soccer. And You also should have a balanced diet.S: What do you mean Do you mean I must have the only meal in a day and I can’t eat meatC: No, it isn’t what you imagine. You needn’t to do that. What you must to do is—you should eat more vegetable than meat, and eat food high in fiber, low in fat. And the most important thing is that you must eat less sweet. S: Is sweet the most bad for my healthC: Yes, I think it is. Too many sweets will make you more fat, and it is also bad for your teeth.S: It is a pity that I can’t eat delicious chocolates. What about hamburgers, French Fries and milk shakes I like to eat them very much.C: Oh, they are junk food. You should cut down on themS: I think it is hard for me to do that. You know they are really delicious.C: Yes, you can. You’ll be a healthier, happier person. Remember eat right from five food groups: dairy, fruit vegetables grain, and meatS: Are they dairy, fruit and vegetables, grain, and meatC: Clever. That’s all my sugges tions for your health. If you still have questions, please ask me or call me.S: Thanks a lot. I will do what you say. Thanks for helping me. See you next time. C: So long.。
Week11-Topic10_PPT_revised
It is the capacity to participate that is required (not actual participation) Holding 20%- 50% of the voting power leads to the presumption of significant influence
Identifying joint ventures
Joint ventures AASB 128 (para. 3) definitions
•
A joint arrangement is “an arrangement of which two or more parties have joint control” Joint control – contractually agreed sharing of control; exists only when decisions about the relevant activities require unanimous consent of those sharing control Two types of joint arrangements; joint ventures and joint operations
Figure 23.1
Identifying associates
Associates
AASB 128 (para. 3) states:
“An associate is an entity over which the investor has significant influence”
Significant influence is defined as: “ …the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee but is not control or joint control over those policies.” Control: power to govern the financial and operating policies of another company so as to obtain benefits from its activities
初中英语topic 10 complaints 抱怨英语听力
初中英语Topic 10 Complaints 抱怨【单元目标】熟悉表达抱怨的句型：Would you mind...？/How could you...？／ Why don’t you do...？／ why didn’t you do...？／I thought you could do.../ What do you mean by doing...？／You shouldn’t...等。
【脱口而出】How Could you cheat your teacher？你怎么能欺骗老师？Why didn’t you tell me the truth？你为什么不告诉我事实真相？Why don’t you do something about it？你为什么不为此做点什么呢？I thought you could do a better job．我以为你的表现会更好。
I tried losing weight, but nothing worked．我曾试着减肥，但是毫无效果。
What do you mean by doing so？你这样做是什么意思？I’m sorry to have said this, but this room is too dirty．不好意思我这样说，但是这房子真的太脏了。
【文化号角】以激愤的语气向人抱怨某事，很可能令人心生反感，而使结果适得其反。
服务员上错了菜，理发师给你理了一个糟糕的发型，你说刚看过的电影很糟糕，同去的朋友却说很棒，刚买的笔却写不出水等情况，着实令人懊恼。
但是生气并不能解决问题，不如心平气和而语气坚定地告诉对方：I have a complaint to make．（我有怨言。
）然后告诉他所发生的事。
【耳听为实】一、词语辨音：选出你在句子中所听到的单词。
每个句子朗读一遍。
1. A. mine B. mind C. my2. A. annoyed B. now C. know3. A. how B. our C. hour4. A. here B. hear C. her5. A. hungry B. ugly C. angry二、情景反应：根据你所听到的句子，选出最佳答语。
topic10
Topic10 旅行日记一、词汇导入：你知道下面这些单词和短语的含义吗？1、beach __________2、crowded _________3、really __________4、museum __________5、boring ___________6、cry___________7、hotel ____________ 8、tired ___________ 9、July__________10、all day _______________ 11、in the afternoon __________12、travel diary _____________ 13、kind of ____________14、have fun doing sth___________ 15、go shopping___________16、in the corner. ____________ 17、find sb doing ___________18、as a result __________二、语篇阅读（反复阅读，理解其义并背诵，人人过关）Bob’s travel diary（一）Monday, July 15thGreat weather! It was sunny and hot all day. We went to a beautiful beach. We had great fun playing in the water. In the afternoon, we went shopping. The shops were too crowded, so I didn’t really enjoy it二）Tuesday, January 16thToday it rained, so we went to a museum. It was kind of boring. I found a small boy crying in the corner. He was lost .As a result, I helped him find his father. That made me feel very happy. I didn’t have any money for a taxi, so I walked back to the hotel. I was really tired.三、默写并背诵下列句子：1. 一整天阳光明媚并且比较热。
Topic_10 c_Display
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回顾
• 远程数据显示Biblioteka • 远程监测器控制 • 放置在接近机组的恶劣环境 • 可以组态的显示方式
3500 系 统 的 显 示 硬 件
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/94 VGA 显 示 触 摸 屏
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/93 LCD 显 示 屏
广西中考英语考点解密 第一部分 话题知识梳理 Topic 10 节假日活动
广西2014中考英语考点解密第一部分话题知识梳理 Topic 10 节假日活动情景句型1. What are you going to do at the weekends?周末你将要干什么？I want to climb the mountain,so we can close to nature.我想去爬山，这样我就可以接近大自然。
2. What are you going to do on holiday, Tony?托尼，假期你要干什么？We are going to Los Angeles.我们将要去洛杉矶。
3. How long did you spend there?你在那里待了多长时间？About two weeks. 大概两周。
4. Where are you going to spend the holidays?你将要去哪里度假？I want to go to Yunnan, because there are beautiful mountains and clear waters.我想去云南，因为这里山清水秀。
5. Do you have any plans for the May Day holiday, Betty?贝蒂，你五一有什么安排吗？My parents and I are going to visit some friends in Shandong Province.我和父母要去山东看一些朋友。
重难点精析考点辨析holiday与vacationholiday为“假日，休息日”，主要指风俗习惯或法律规定的纪念日及休息日。
其复数形式可表示延续一段时间的“假期”，美式英语中则习惯用单数。
如：a pleasant Roman holiday 愉快的罗马假日the Christmas holidays 圣诞节假期vacation为“假期”，指放下工作与学习的一段长时间的休息时间，常可用holidays替换。
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“It is cold here”
The locution of an utterance is actually its literal meaning. The illocution of an utterance is the speaker’s communicative intention or the function it is intended to perform. The perlocution of an utterance can be as the same as the illocution when it is recognized and satisfied, or very different from it when it is not recognized or when it is ignored.
Discourse Competence
It is the ability we have to connect sentences in stretches of discourse and to form a meaningful whole out of a series of utterances. While grammatical competences focuses on sentence-level grammar, discourse competence if concerned with intersentential relationship.
Perlocutionary act ♣ Perlocutionary act: the bringing about of effects on the utterance by means of uttering the sentence, such effects being special to the circumstances of utterance (言后行为指行为本身就是讲话的结束).
Topic 10 Communicative Competence
♣ Communicative competence ♣ Pragmatics
♣ Discourse analysis
♣ Styles and registers
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Communicative Competence
(Dell Hymes 1967, 1972)
♣ Communicative competence is our competence that enable us to convey and interpret messages and to negotiate meanings interpersonally within specific contexts. ♣ Communicative competence is a dynamic, interpersonal construction can only be examined by means of the overt performance of two or more individuals in the process of negotiating meaning.
Strategic Competence
It is the competence underlying our ability to make repairs, to cope with imperfect knowledge, and to sustain communication through “paraphrase, circumlocution, repetition, hesitation, avoidance, and guessing, as well as shifts in register ad style.” In short, it is the way we manipulate language in order to meet communicative goals. Such as an eloquent speaker possesses and uses a sophisticated strategic competence, and a salesman utilizes certain strategies of communication to make a product seem irresistible.
Grammatical Competence
knowledge of lexical items and of rules of morphology, syntax, sentence-grammar semantics, and phonology. It is the competence that we associate with mastering the linguistic code of a language.
Sociolinguistic Competence
It is the knowledge of the sociocultural rules of language and of the discourse. This type of competence requires an understanding of the social context in which language is used, that is, the roles of the participants, the information they share, and the function of the interaction.
Illocutionary act ♣ Illocutionary act: the making of a statement, offer, promise, etc. in uttering a sentence, by virtue of the conventional force associated with it (言外行为指说话过程中通过话语的一些约定俗成的 关联力量进行陈述，承诺等，即说话常带有目的);
Dialect, Style and Register
Dialect
Traditionally is restricted to that kind of language which shows variation in space. Today, the interpretation of “dialect” is multidimensional. It takes into account all variations arising from differences among users, namely, the space, the temporal factor and the social distance.
Speech Act Theory (J. Austin & J. Searle, 1962, 1969)
♣ Locutionary act
♣ Illocutionary act ♣ Perlocutionary act
Locutionary act ♣ Locutionary act: the utterance of a sentence with determinate sense and reference (言中行为指的是用句子来叙述，报告，描写。句子 中有意思，有指称，所叙述的事物可分为真伪，言 中行为指话语过程本身);
Discourse Analysis
Both the production and the comprehension of language are a factor of our ability to perceive and process stretches of discourse, to formulate representations(表征) of meaning form not just a single sentence but referent in both previous sentences and following sentences. See p235-238
Pragmatics
♣ Pragmatics is the study of language in use and linguistic communication. ♣ Contexts & meanings ♣ Communication may be regarded as a combination of acts, a series of elements with purpose and intent. ♣ Speech Act Theory ♣ The Cooperative Principles
Communicative Competence 4 components & subcategories of communicative competence
♣ Grammatical competence ♣ Discourse competence ♣ Sociolinguistic competence (functional) ♣ Strategic competence
Categories: regional dialect (accent), temporal dialect (Shakespeare’s language), social dialect (sex, age, race and class)
Styles
a style is not a social or regional dialect, but a variety of language used for a specific purpose. Categories (see p238): oratorical, or “frozen”; deliberative, or formal; consultative; casual; intimate Styles are manifested by both verbal and nonverbal features. Differences in register can be conveyed in body language, gestures, eye contact, and the like.