职称英语考试《理工类》历年真题精选及答案0513-15

职称英语考试《理工类》历年真题精选及答案0513-151、If headaches only occur at night, lack of fresh air is often the cause.【单选题】A.deliverB.fallC.happenD.arrive正确答案:C答案解析:题干大意：如果只是晚上头疼，那是因为缺氧。

画线词occur：发生。

选项中，happen：发生，和画线词一样都是不及物动词，因此可替换。

deliver：传递。

如：No time to chat. Urgent messages to deliver. 没有时间闲聊。

有紧急信息要传送。

fall：落下，跌倒。

如：They might bump into things or fall over objects. 他们有可能撞到或跌倒在某些物体上。

arrive：到达。

如：Remember to call us when you arrive. 记得到达后给我们打电话。

2、Strike in MTV NetworksScores of workers from MTV Networks walked off the job yesterday afternoon, filling the sidewalk outside the headquarters of its corporate parent, Viacom, to protest recent changes in benefits. The walkout highlighted the concerns of a category of workers who are sometimes called permalancers：permanent freelancers who work like full-time employees but do not receive the same benefits.Waving signs that read "Shame on Viacom", the workers, most of them in their 20s, demanded that MTV Networks reverse a plan to reduce health and dental benefits for freelancersbeginning Jan. 1. In a statement, MTV Networks noted that its benefits program for full-time employees had also undergone changes, and it emphasized that the plan for freelancers was still highly competitive within the industry. Many freelancers receive no corporate benefits. But some of the protesters asserted that corporations were competing to see which could provide the most mediocre health care coverage. Matthew Yonda, who works at Nickelodeon, held a sign that labeled the network "Sick-elodeon". "I've worked here every day for three years-I'm not a freelancer," Mr. Yonda said. "They just call us freelancers in order to bar us from getting the same benefits as employees."The changes to the benefits package were announced last Tuesday. Freelancers were told that they would become eligible for benefits after 160 days of work, beginning in January. While that eased previous eligibility rules, which required freelancers to work for 52 weeks before becoming eligible, it would have required all freelancers not yet eligible for benefits to start the waiting period over again on Jan. 1. The 401 (k) plan was also removed On Thursday, acknowledging the complaints, MTV Networks reinstated the 401 (k) plan and said freelancers who had worked consistently since March would be eligible. Fueled by a series of blog posts on the media web siteGawker-the first post was headlined "The Viacom Permalance Slave System" -a loose cohort of freelancers created protest stickers and distributed walkout fliers last week. Caroline O'Hare, a unit manager who has worked for MTV for more than two years, said the new health care plan-with higher deductibles and a $ 2,000 cap on hospital expenses each year-had provoked outrage. "They think they can treat us like children that don't have families, mortgages or dreams of retirement," she said.Outside Viacom's headquarters, several workers held posters with the words, "There's too many of us to ignore." It was unclear how many freelancers are on the company's payroll; an MTV Networks spokeswoman said the figure was not known because it rises and falls throughout the year. The company has 5,500 full-time employees, excluding freelancers, around the world.Two freelancers and one full-time employee, who asked not to be identified for fear of retribution, estimated that the percentage of freelancers in some departments exceeded 75 percent. Another labor action is expected to take place outside Viacom later this week. Members of the Writers Guild of America, who have been on strike for five weeks, are expected to picket there on Thursday.The MTV Networks spokeswoman did not provide the number of freelancers on the payroll mostly probably because ______.【单选题】A.the figure fluctuates throughout the year and it is impossible to calculate the precise numberB.the company wants to keep it as a secret so as to better stand the protestC.the company has no record of the freelancers since there is no such necessityD.the company does not want to provide the freelancers with benefits enjoyed by the full-time employee正确答案:B答案解析:细节考查题。

题干问的是MTV网络发言人没有提供薪水册上自由职业者的数量的最有可能的原因。

答案参见第五段，MTV网络发言人声称这个数字全年都来回波动，但实际上公司掌握自己员工的具体数量应该很容易，很明显是因为公布该数据对公司不利，不想让外人知道，以便在这场罢工斗争中占据优势地位。

3、Cell Phone Lets Your Secret OutYour cell phone holds secrets about you. Besides the names and ______ that you've programmed into it, traces of your DNA linger on the device, according to a new study.DNA is genetic material that appears in every cell. Like your fingerprint, your DNA is unique to you-because you have an identical twin. Scientists today routinely analyze DNA in blood, saliva, or hair left behind at the scene of a crime. The results often help detectives identify criminals and their victims. Your cell phone can reveal more about you than you might think. Meghan J. McFadden, a scientist at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, heard about a crime in which the suspect bled onto a cell phone and later dropped the device. This made her wonder whether traces of DNA lingered on cell phoneseven when no blood was involved. So she and colleague Margaret Wallace of the City University of New York analyzed the flip open phones of 10 volunteers. They used swabs to collect invisible traces of the users from two parts of the phone: the outside, where the user holds it, and the speaker, which is placed at the user's ear.The scientists scrubbed the phones using a solution made mostly of alcohol. The aim of washing was to remove all detectable traces of DNA. The owners got their phones back for another week. Then the researchers collected the phones and repeated the swabbing of each phone once more.The scientists discovered DNA that belonged to the phone's speaker on each of the phones. Better samples were collected from the outside of each phone, those swabs also picked up DNA that belonged to other people who had apparently also handled the phone. Surprisingly, DNA showed up even in swabs that were taken immediately after the phones were scrubbed. That suggests that washing won't remove all traces of evidence from a criminal's device. So cell phones can now be added to the list of clues that can clinch a crime scene investigation.【单选题】A.numbersB.musicC.secretsD.films正确答案:A答案解析:人们通常在手机中储存人名和他们的电话号码。