《英语》(高起专)复习资料
高起专科英语试题及答案
高起专科英语试题及答案一、听力理解(共20分)1. 根据所听对话,选择正确答案。
A. 他正在图书馆。
B. 他正在去图书馆的路上。
C. 他刚从图书馆回来。
D. 他从未去过图书馆。
[答案] B2. 根据所听短文,判断下列句子是否正确。
A. 演讲者是位教授。
B. 演讲者是位学生。
C. 演讲者提到了学习方法。
D. 演讲者提到了学习态度。
[答案] C二、词汇与语法(共30分)1. 选择最佳选项填空。
The weather is getting _______ every day.A. colderB. colder and colderC. warmD. warmest[答案] B2. 根据所给句子,改写为被动语态。
The teacher will give the students some advice on how to learn English well.- The students will _______ _______ some advice on how to learn English well.[答案] be given三、阅读理解(共30分)1. 阅读以下短文,选择最佳答案。
The article mainly talks about the importance of communication skills in the workplace. According to the article, good communication skills can lead to better teamwork and efficiency.A. TrueB. False[答案] A2. 根据短文内容,回答问题。
What are the benefits of good communication skills mentioned in the article?[答案] Better teamwork and efficiency.四、完形填空(共10分)Once there was a poor farmer named John. He had a cow, but one day the cow ran away. His neighbors came to comfort him, but John said, "Who knows? It might be a good thing."[答案] 略(根据上下文填空)五、翻译(共10分)1. 将下列句子从英文翻译成中文。
成人高考高起点英语复习资料(精选5篇)
成人高考高起点英语复习资料(精选5篇)成人高考高起点英语复习资料【篇1】名词分可数与不可数两种。
可数名词表示某类人或东西中的个体。
如table, country。
或表示若干个体组成的集合体。
如 family, people, committee,police。
不可数名词表示无法分为个体的实物。
如air, tea, furniture,water。
或表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念。
如work, information,advice, happiness。
有些名词在一种场合下是可数名词,在另一种场合下是不可数名词。
如room 房间(可数),空间(不可数)time 时间(不可数),次数(可数)fish 鱼(不可数),各种各样的鱼(可数)比较下列例句:There are nine rooms in the house. (房间,可数名词)There isnt enough room for us three in the car . (空间,不可数名词)不可数名词的数量可以通过在其前面加单位词来表示。
如:一块肉 a piece of meat两条长面包 two loaves of bread三件家具 three articles of furniture一大笔钱 a large sum of money成人高考高起点英语复习资料【篇2】1.表示特定的人或东西。
Give me the magazine.Have you decided on the prices yet?The book on the table is an English dictionary.Beijing is the capital of China.2.复述前文提到的人或东西。
Last week, I saw a flim. The film is about a love story between two middle-aged people.The old man saw a house in the field. He went into the house and found a beautiful girl sitting there and singing.3.用于形容词前面,代表一类人或东西。
大学英语1(高起专)
大学英语1高起专作业1单选题1. ________ that knife before you hurt somebody!(5分)(A) Put down(B) Put off(C) Put on(D) Put out参考答案:A2. The girl _________ on the ground _________ to me just now.(5分)(A) lying, lay(B) lying, lied(C) lie, lied(D) lay, lied参考答案:B3. By the end of last year, they _________ English for more than 3 year s.(5分)(A) have learnt(B) learnt(C) had learnt(D) had been learning参考答案:C4. The years _________ the appearance of my grandmother.(5分)(A) obscured(B) forgot(C) remembered(D) passed参考答案:A5. Six months had _________, and we still had no news of them.(5分)(A) past(B) passed(C) last(D) lasted参考答案:B6. The young man came into the classroom _______ flowers in his hand. (5分)(A) of(B) with(C) in(D) to参考答案:B7. The old man used to _________ early in the morning(5分)(A) wake up(B) waking up(C) woke up(D) waken up参考答案:A8. He finished writing the novel _________ of last month (5分)(A) at the end(B) in the end(C) by the end(D) on the end参考答案:A9. He is not a child _____________(5分)(A) no more(B) no longer(C) any much(D) any more参考答案:D10. He _________ poor all his life as he was not healthy enough.(5分)(A) was remaining(B) was remained(C) remained(D) has remained选词填空1. His eyes___(11)___ to the telephone.2. When will scientist___(12)___ cancer?3. Your encouragement made me more___(13)___ of my future.4. My father___(14)___ me with the importance of hard work.5. The teacher___(15)___ her students to speak more English in and out of class.6. I will___(16)___ the days we were together for ever.7. She was___(17)___ of her children's (bad) behavior.8. When I walk down again the___(18)___ routes on campus, I couldn’t h elp thinking of my old school life.9. If you can't sign your name, make a cross___(19)___ .10. Her boyfriend is her___(20)___ by six years.(50分)(A) confident(B) confident(C) familiar(D) cherish(E) encourages(F) conquer(G) shifted(H) impresses(I) senior(J) instead参考答案:(1)G(2)F(3)A(4)H(5)E(6)D(7)B(8)C(9)J(10)I作业2单选题1. This dress is too long. I want one of ______ length(3分)(A) medium(B) modest(C) average(D) middle2. Would you come and have dinner with us?_______(3分)(A) No, I think I don’t.(B) No, never mind.(C) Yes, please.(D) Yes, I think I will.参考答案:D3. Newton was one of the greatest scientists ______ ever lived.(3分)(A) whom(B) which(C) what(D) that参考答案:D4. By the time he reached to the dentist, his toothache______.(3分)(A) stopped(B) had stopped(C) has stopped(D) as been stopped参考答案:B5. Sorry to have kept you waiting.________(3分)(A) That’s Ok(B) What are you doing?(C) What’s wrong with you?(D) Where have you been?参考答案:A6. Modern education is ______ because of its failure to meet the practical needs of the society.(3分)(A) on attack(B) in attack(C) for attack(D) under attack参考答案:D7. Can you help me?_______(3分)(A) No, I don’t know.(B) Sure, what is it?(C) Don’t mention it.(D) We don’t have books here.参考答案:B8. He recited ______ much of the poem as he could remember.(3分)(A) with(B) as(C) so(D) such参考答案:B9. The company made efforts ______ their products.(3分)(A) promoting(B) to promote(C) promoted(D) to promoting参考答案:B10. This dress is too long. I want one of ______ length(3分)(A) medium(B) modest(C) average(D) middle参考答案:C11. Not until last night ______ the news.(3分)(A) do I get(B) can I get(C) I got(D) did I get参考答案:D12. The rescue team rushed the injured ______ the hospital.(3分)(A) to。
高中起点成人高考英语知识点总结
高起点英语知识点总结一、语音部分:做题技巧:1. 读准单词,学会排除。
一般先根据所给词的读音,从四个词中排除两个读音明显不吻合的,剩余两个再进行仔细回忆、辨析。
2. 运用简单推断:所给四个词,两个、三个读音相同,可同时排除而不必浪费时间。
发音规则:1. 字母组合th发[θ]和发[ð]的情况:发[ð]:在以th-开头的冠词、代词、连词和副词中,如:the, they, that, this, these, those, there, than, thus等;在-the,-ther中,如:bathe, wreathe, father, mother, brother等;发[θ]: 一般情况下都发[θ],如:three, thank, earth, tooth, method, birthday等。
【例题】[tuːθ] [mʌnθ] [ˈfɑːðər] [ˈmeθəd]【答案】C【应试指导】字母组合th在-the,-ther中发/ð/,在其他选项中发/θ/,故选C。
2. 字母b不发音的情况:字母b在词尾为-mb, -bt的单词中不发音。
【例题】A. billionB. labC. tableD. comb[ˈbɪljən] [læb] [ˈteɪb l] [koʊm]【答案】D【应试指导】字母b在词尾为-mb, -bt的单词中不发音,在其他选项中发/b/,故选D。
3. 字母d在一些单词中不发音,如:gran d ma, gran d parent, We d nesday, han d some等。
【例题】A. handsomeB. candleC. distanceD. land[ˈhænsəm] [ˈkæn d l] [ˈdɪstəns] [læn d]【答案】A【应试指导】字母d在handsome中不发音,在其他选项中发/d/,故选A。
高起专英语复习资料
高起专英语复习资料高起专英语复习资料英语作为一门重要的外语,对于我们的学习和工作都有着重要的影响。
而对于高职高专的学生来说,英语的学习更是至关重要的一部分。
为了帮助大家更好地复习英语,我整理了一些高起专英语复习资料,希望能对大家有所帮助。
一、词汇复习词汇是语言的基础,掌握了足够的词汇量,才能更好地理解和表达。
在高起专英语考试中,词汇的掌握是非常重要的一环。
建议大家可以通过以下几种方式进行词汇复习:1. 阅读英语原版书籍:选择适合自己水平的英语原版书籍,通过阅读来扩充词汇量。
可以先选择一些简单的故事书,然后逐渐提高难度。
2. 制作词汇卡片:将生词和短语写在卡片上,一面写英文,一面写中文。
可以每天随身携带几张卡片,利用碎片时间进行记忆。
3. 使用词汇APP:现如今有很多优秀的词汇APP,可以帮助我们进行词汇的背诵和巩固。
可以根据自己的需求选择合适的APP进行使用。
二、语法复习语法是英语学习中的重中之重,只有掌握了基本的语法规则,才能更好地进行句子的构建和理解。
以下是一些建议的语法复习方法:1. 复习语法书:可以选择一本高起专英语语法书进行复习,重点掌握基础的语法知识和常见的句型结构。
2. 做语法练习题:可以通过做一些语法练习题来巩固所学的语法知识。
可以选择一些相关的习题册或在线练习网站进行练习。
3. 参考语法视频:现在有很多优质的英语学习视频,可以通过观看这些视频来学习和理解语法知识。
可以选择一些适合自己的视频进行观看。
三、听力复习在高起专英语考试中,听力是一个非常重要的部分。
以下是一些建议的听力复习方法:1. 多听英语材料:可以通过听英语新闻、英语电影或者英语原版音乐来提高听力水平。
可以选择一些适合自己水平的材料进行听力训练。
2. 做听力练习题:可以通过做一些听力练习题来提高听力技巧和理解能力。
可以选择一些相关的练习题进行练习。
3. 参加听力训练班:如果条件允许,可以参加一些专门的听力训练班,通过专业的指导来提高听力水平。
高升专英语知识点复习
英语复习归纳总结(一)复习方法高起点英语复习资料:语法较熟练地掌握下列各项语法知识并能在语言运用中借助这些知识进行语言交际。
词法部分:名词的种类、数和所有格;冠词、代词的基本用法:“it”作引导词、非人称代词和在强调句型中的用法;数词、形容词和副词的基本用法;动词的种类、时态、语态、语气和非谓语动词的基本用法;常用介词和连词。
句法部分:句子的种类——陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹旬、并列句、复合句;句子成分——主语、谓语、表语、宾语、直接宾语和间接宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语;倒装结构;简单句的五种基本句型;主谓的一致关系。
语法知识题是成人高考英语试题的固定题型。
大纲要求考生能记住大纲规定的语法知识;能正确使用语法知识,恰当理解使用中的各种语言现象;能够使用大纲规定的各类语言知识,整体理解不同形式的语篇;能够在特定的语境中比较得体和连贯地表达自已的意思;能够有效地识别语篇中的明显错误。
成人高考英语试题中的阅读理解、完形填空、补全对话和书面表达四个题型都属于基本语言应用能力的考查。
由于篇幅所限,不再赘述。
根据1987年至现在语法知识题的走向分析,1990年以前的试题有相当一部分单纯考查语法知识,而近几年的试题,在考查语法知识的同时,注意到了知识的覆盖面,设计了特定的、较为真实的语言情景,综合考查考生在一定的语境中运用语言知识的能力。
大部分试题都有明确的语境没置,单靠死背语法规则很难选出最佳答案。
因此我们将近几年语法知识的考核界定在理解层次上。
这并不是不要记忆,而是要求考生在记忆的基础上能够恰当理解使用中的各种语占现象,反过来再加深对语法知识的记忆。
展望明年的试题,知识覆盖面将会更宽,内容跨度更大;更加强调语境的作用,加大对语言能力的检测力度;更加强调交际英语的应用;仍然会以动词考查为重点,对不定代词、连词、定语从句、情态动词等的考查力度不会减弱;可能以新的角度考查以前没考过的知识点。
针对成人高考语法知识题的特点,考生在复习时,除了必须牢记语法规则外,还应有所侧重。
英语高起专课程复习题
《英语》高起专课程复习题Part I Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. —Bradford graduated from college with honors at a very young age.—He A have been an outstanding student.A. mustB. couldC. shouldD. might2. None of us called the police when the two cars collided, C 。
A. didn’t weB. don’t weC. did weD. do we3.The country’s wealth comes chiefly from its many__C___A herd of cattleB herd of cattlesC herds of cattleD herds of cattles4. Only when I began to do it _C___ that I had made a mistake.A. I realizedB. I had realizedC. did I realizeD. would I realize5. When I was young, I__C__ horse every day.A am used to rideB am used to ridingC used to rideD used to riding6. The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets __ B _.A. was bookedB. had been bookedC. were bookedD. have been booked7. D , Sam knows lots of things about philosophy.A. As he is youngB. As young he isC. Young as is heD. Young as he is8. You could have done much better yesterday. Why A .A. didn’t youB. couldn’t youC. hadn’t youD. shouldn’t you9. Jenny is the only one of the grade who ____ A __selected to school fashion-show teamA. isB. areC. hasD. have10.I believe he D an accident. Otherwise he would have arrived on time.A. would have hadB. could have hadC. should have hadD. must have had11. What a lovely party! It’s worth A all my life.A. rememberingB. to rememberC. to rememberedD. being remembered12. One-third of the area __ C ___ covered with green trees. About seventy percent of the trees _____ been planted.A. are; haveB. is; hasC. is; haveD. are; has13. The boy was very happy that his mother bought him a new pair of shoes at a ___B___yesterday.A shoes shopB shoe shopC shoes’s shopD shoe’s14. I will tell him as soon as he ___B__ backA. comeB. comesC. will comeD. came15. ---- Have you moved into the new house?---- Not yet, the rooms __A__.A. are being paintedB. are paintingC. are paintedD. are being painting16. The football match was televised __A____from the Berlin Olympic Stadium.A. liveB. aliveC. livingD. lively17.All but Dick __A___ in Class Three this term.A. areB. isC. wereD. was18. The_B______ temperature of a human body, no matter in what part of the word he lives, is about 36.8 degrees in Celsius.A. averageB. normalC. regularD. common19. I had planned to leave Guangzhou ___B_____ the morning of the 20th, but the take-offwas postponed till the late afternoon because of the weather.A inB onC atD for20. I’ve B for the job and I hope I’ll get it.A. appointedB. appliedC. presentedD. succeededPart II ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Who has deprived the children's happiness of learning?Children are born with a natural desire of learning. They are curios and concerned about 21 around them. They are 22 to learn anything that amazes them. They have so many 23 that they keep on asking. They can bore the 24 all day long with many 25 questions which they will never feel bored with. Why? This is because learning is their 26 , perhaps an instinct of human beings. They just can't help. But 27 , they feel bored with learning, especially when learning becomes a boring 28 for them, especially after school has become a 29 of their life, especially when they have to 30 teachers who tell them again and again to 31 to recite and memorize things they don't want to learn, and especially 32 they realize school is not what they once 33 to be but something that, according to their parents, they must rely on in order to 34 a good fame or a good job or a good future. That is to say, learning has become a 35 , which they are forced or 36 to face. So it is the teachers and parents who have thrown the heavy 37 on the children. And meanwhile, the competitive society is also to blame. The children have been 38 of their pleasure and happiness that they could have enjoyed from the natural learning.Therefore, my 39 to the students’ learning is that they40 enjoy learning, enjoy the pleasure that they could feel from learning itself. Find back the long lost desire and curiosity of learning in their childhood. 21.A.nothing B.anything C.everything D.something ( C ) 22.A.curious B.proud C.nervous D.eager ( D ) 23.A.questions B.reactions C.problems D.troubles ( A ) 24.A.students B.adults C.parents D.teachers ( B ) 25.A.funny B.boring C.bored D.practical ( B )26.A.ability B.excuse C.characteristic D.nature ( D ) 27.A.gradually B.eventually C.however D.therefore ( A ) 28.A.duty B.exercise C.task D.remark ( C ) 29.A.pleasure B.part C.occasion D.success ( B ) 30.A.face B.follow C.escape D.imitate ( A ) 31.A.repeat B.copy C.report D.reply ( A ) 32.A.before B.since C.after D.when ( D ) 33.A.forbidden B.attracted C.intended D.expected ( D ) 34.A.require B.achieve C.earn D.indicate ( B ) 35.A.promise B.service C.must D.choice ( C ) 36.A.pleased B.recommended C.obliged D.experienced ( C ) 37.A.burden B.confidence C.difficulty D.challenge ( A ) 38.A.informed B.deprived C.accused D.approved ( B )39.A.encouragement B.persuation C.suggestion D.decision ( C ) 40.A.must B.should C.might D.could ( B )Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are two reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1In Canada and the United States, people enjoy entertaining at home. They often invite friends over for a meal, a party, or just for coffee and conversation.Here are the kinds of things people say when they invite someone to their home:“Would you like to come over for dinner Saturday night?”“Hey, we’re having a party on Friday. Can you come?”To reply to an invitation, either say thank you and accept, or say you’re sorry and give an excuse:“Thanks, I’d love to. What time would you like me to come?” or “Oh, sorry. I’ve tickets for a movie.”Sometimes, however, people use expressions that sound like invitations but which are not real invitations. For example:“Please come over for a drink sometime.”“Why not get together for a party sometime?”“Why don’t you come over and see us sometime soon”They are reall y just polite ways of ending a conversation. They are not real invitations because they don’t mention a specific time or date. They just show that the person is trying to be friendly. To reply to expressions like these, people just say “”Sure, that would be great!” or “OK. Yes, thanks.”So next time when you hear what sounds like an invitation, listen carefully. Is it a real invitation or is the person just being friendly?41. Why do Canadians and Americans often invite friends for meals at home? CA、Because they can save time.B、Because they can spend less money.C、Because they enjoy entertaining at homeD、Because they have modern and beautiful houses.42. Which of the following is a real invitation? DA、“If you’re free, let’s go for a drink sometime.”B、“Please go to the cinema with me some day.”C、“Would you like to have a cup of tea with us sometime?”D、“I’ve two tickets here. Can you go to the concert with me?”43. If people say “Let’s get together for lunch some day”, you just say “_ A ___”A、That would be nice.B、How about this weekend?C、Oh, sorry. I’m very busy.D、That’s great. I’ll be there on time.44. People use “an unreal invitation” in order to show that __A___.A、they’re trying to be friendlyB、they’re trying to be helpfulC、they’re trying to make friends with othersD、they haven’t got ready for a party yet45.The passage is mainly about __B___.A、entertainment at homeB、real invitation or notC、expressions of starting a conversationD、ways of ending a conversationPassage 2Ask three people to look out the same window at a busy street corner and tell you what they see. Chances are you will receive three different answers. Each person sees the same scene, but each perceives (感知)something differently about it.Perceiving goes on in our minds. Of the three people who look out the window, one may say that he sees a policeman giving a motorist a ticket. Another may say that he sees a rush hour traffic jam at the intersection. The third may tell you that he sees a woman trying to cross the street with four children in tow. For perception is the mind’s interpretation of what the senses—in this case our eyes—tell us.Many psychologists are working to try to determine just how a person experiences or perceives the world around him. Using a scientific approach, these psychologists set up experiments in which they can control all of the factors. By measuring and charting the results of many experiments, they are trying to find out what makes different people perceive totally different things about the same scene.46.Seeing and perceiving are ___B____.A. the same actionB. two separate actionsC. two actions carried on entirely by the eyesD. several actions that take place at different times47. Perceiving is an action that takes place __D____.A. in our eyesB. only when we think very hard about somethingC. only under the direction of a psychologistD. in every person’s mind48. Perception involves that ___D____.A. our senses tell usB. our minds interpretC. we see with our eyes onlyD. both A and B49. People perceive different things about the same scene because __D____.A. they see different thingsB. they cannot agree about thingsC. some have better eyesightD. none of the above50. Psychologists study perception by ___A____.A. setting up many experimentsB. asking each other what they seeC. studying people’s eyesD. looking out of windowsPart IV TranslationDirections: translate the following English into Chinese and Chinese into English.. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.51. There is no secret to success in English learning. It’s just a case of hard work.,学好英语并没有什么秘密,只需要努力学习。
成人高考高起点英语复习资料
⼀、语⾳知识(共5⼩题;每1.5题分,共7.5分。
) 在下列每组单词中,有⼀个单词的划线部分与其他单词的划线部分的读⾳不同。
找出这个词。
1.A.bus B.butter C.button D.buy 2.A.cabbage B.cage C.captain D.candle 3.A.feather B.depth C.theatre D.everything 4.A.within B.wonderful C.wrong D.worth 5.A.health B.harvest C.happen D.honest ⼆、词汇与语法知识(共15⼩题;每⼩题1.5分,共22.5分。
) 从每⼩题的四个选择中,选出的⼀项。
6.Go and get your coat. It's_______ you left it. A. there B. where C. there where D. where there 7.It worried her a bit _______ her hair was turning grey. A. while B. that C. if D. for 8.I remember _______ this used to be a quiet village. A. when B. how C. where D. what 9.These houses are sold at low price ______ people expected. A. like B. as C. that D. which 10.A computer does only what thinking people ______ . A. have it do B. have it done C. have done it D. having it done 11._______ ! There's a train coming. A. Look out B. Look around C. Look forward D. Look on 12.The accident is reported to have occurred _______ the first Sunday in February. A. at B. on C. in D. to 13.-Do you remember _______ he came? -Yes, I do. He came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if 14.Smith was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster _______ he had done the day before. A. that B. how C. where D. what 15.He will have learned English for eight years by the time he ______ from the university next year. A. will graduate B. will have graduated C. graduates D. is to graduate 16.______ terrible weather we've been having these days! A. How a B. What a C. How D. What 17.Can you tell me _______ the railway station? A. how I can get to B. how can I get to C. where I can get to D. where can I get to 18.The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ______ I thought was a dangerous speed. A. as B. which C. what D. that 19.I don't ______ rock and roll. It's much too noisy for my taste. A. go after B. go away with C. go into D. go in for 20.Parents must _______ their children's act. A. pay off B. rise up C. answer for D. get along with 三、完形填空(共20⼩题;每 1.5分,共30分。
【高起专高起本】2023年全国成人高考《英语》考试大纲(带复习内容)
【高起专/高起本】2023年全国成人高考《英语》考试大纲(带复习内容)2023年成人高考高起专英语考试大纲如下:英语复习考试范围包括语音、词汇、语法、日常交际用语、阅读和写作等方面。
英语复习考试在记忆、理解和综合应用这三个层次上检测考生掌握英语的水平:1.记忆:能记住本大纲规定的语音、语法知识;能记住单词的拼写、读音、基本词义及主要用法;能记住本大纲规定的短语和习惯用语的意思和主要用法。
2.理解:能正确使用话音、语法和日常交际用语知识;能够理解各种语言现象;能够读懂适当难度的语言材料。
3.综合应用:能够使用本大纲规定的各类语言知识,整体理解不同形式的语篇;能够根据特定要求比较连贯、得体地表达自己的意思。
Ⅰ复习考试内容一、语音熟悉英语字母及常用字母组合在单词中的读音。
了解英语的基本语调以及使用语调的规则,并能在实践中运用这些规则。
能在简单的日常会话中使用比较自然的语音语调。
二、词汇掌握2000个左右常用英语单词和一定数的短语和习惯用语,对单词能认、会读,知道词义及其在语句中的用法。
对在一般交际中使用频率高的单词和短语会拼写、能正确使用。
知道一些常用词的近义词和反义词。
能够根据上下文或利用基本的构词法知识推断语篇中生词的含义。
三、语法1.词类1)名词;2)形容词;3)副词;4)动词;5)代词;6)冠词;7)数词;8)介词;9)连词;10)感叹词。
2.名词1)可数和不可数名词;2)名词的复数形式;3)专有名词;4)所有格。
3.代词1)人称代词;2)物主代词;3)反身代词;4)指示代词;5)不定代词;6)疑问代词。
4.数词1)基数词;2)序数词。
5.介词6.连词7.形容词1)形容词作定语、表语和宾语补足语的用法;2)比较等级:原级、比较级、最高级。
8.副词1)时间、地点、方式、程度、疑问、连接、关系等副词的用法。
2)比较等级:原级、比较级、最高级。
9.冠词的一般用法10.动词1)动词的基本形式:(1)现在式;(2)过去式;(3)过去分词;(4)-ing 形式。
高起专英语语法复习资料
高起专英语语法复习资料高起专英语语法复习资料英语语法是学习英语的基础,掌握好英语语法对于提高英语水平至关重要。
对于高起专的学生来说,英语语法的复习尤为重要,因为它涉及到高考的英语科目。
本文将为大家提供一些高起专英语语法复习资料,希望能够帮助大家在高考中取得好成绩。
一、名词名词是英语中最基本的词性之一,它用来表示人、事物、地点等。
在英语语法中,名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词可以计数,而不可数名词不能计数。
在使用名词时,还需要注意单数和复数的区别以及名词所有格的用法。
例如,我们可以说 "I have two books."(我有两本书),其中的 "books" 是可数名词的复数形式。
而不可数名词则无法计数,例如 "I have some water."(我有一些水),其中的 "water" 是不可数名词。
二、动词动词是英语语法中最重要的词性之一,它用来表示动作、状态或存在。
在使用动词时,需要注意时态、语态和主谓一致等问题。
时态是动词的一种形式,用来表示动作发生的时间。
常见的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等。
例如,我们可以说 "I study English every day."(我每天学习英语),其中的 "study" 是一般现在时。
另外,还有一些特殊的时态,如现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时等,需要注意它们的用法和构成。
语态是动词的一种形式,用来表示动作的主动或被动。
常见的语态有主动语态和被动语态。
例如,我们可以说 "They built a new house."(他们建了一座新房子),其中的 "built" 是主动语态。
而被动语态的构成是 "be + 过去分词",例如"A new house was built by them."(一座新房子被他们建造了)。
高起专英语复习指南(翻译仅供参考)
高起专英语复习指南(翻译仅供参考)入学测试高起专英语复习题1、You can find lots of information on the Internet.(你可以在网上找到大量的信息)2、The number of the teachers in our school _is_ growing.(我们学校的老师数量在上升)3、I didn’t know __how_ to do things _for_ myself last year.(去年我不知道怎么为自己做事)4、He often does everything himself_ No one knows what he plans _to do.(他经常独自一人做事,没有人知道他打算做什么)5、The weather in Guangzhou is different from _that_ in Harbin.(广州的气候和哈尔滨的不一样)6、You must try to make us to understand .(你必须努力让我们理解)7、Hainan is the second largest island in China.(海南是中国第二大岛屿)8、_How many_ tins of dog food can we buy __with _ the money?(这些钱我们可以买多少听狗粮)9、The dumplings taste bad . Don’t eat them any more.(这些饺子不好吃,我们以后都不会再吃了)10、It takes us more than 2 hours _to do our homework every day. (每天我们要花两个小时做作业).11、Don’t worry! I’m old enough to_look after myself well.(别担心,我长大了,已经可以照顾好自己了)12、_More and more_animals are in danger and there will be __less and less _ space for them if we don’ttake any actions.(越来越多的动物处于濒危状态,如果我们不采取措施,留给他们的空间将会越来越少)13、Thanks for _recommending me as_ the new chairperson.(谢谢(你)推荐我当新主席)14、It is very kind _ of_ you to help me with my lessons. It is hard _for_me to learn them well.(我一个人很难学好他们,你能辅导我做功课,你真是一个好人)15、--- Colours can’t affect our moods, c an they? (颜色可以影响我们的心情么?可以么?是的,他们可以让我们感到幸福、悲伤、充满能量或者困乏)---____Yes_____. They can ___make______ us feel happy or sad, energetic or sleepy.()16、The students were all tired, but __none___ of them stopped ___to have______ a rest.(学生们都很累了,但是没有一个人停下来休息)17、If you have difficulty __making___a decision, wearing red _makes it___ easier for you to takeaction.(如果你很难下决定,那么穿上红色的衣服,)18、More than one thousand students ___have passed___ this kind exam in the _past ___ few years.(在过去的几年里,超过1千名学生通过这种测试)19、Let’s go home at once if it _stops raining____. We will have the football match tomorrow.(如果雨一停,我们马上回家,明天我们还有一场足球比赛)20、What _great fun_ it is to go surfing in _such fine weather!(在这样晴朗的天气出去冲浪将是一件一件很好玩的事情)21、Most children prefer ice cream to fruit.(比起水果,大多数的孩子更喜欢冰激凌)22、— Can you work out the physics problem?(你能做出这道物理难题么?)— Sorry, I can hardly understand its meaning.(对不起,我几乎不能理解它的意思)23、The music in the supermarket sounded so noisy that I wanted to leave at once.(超市里面的音乐是如此地吵,以至于我想马上离开那)24、—How do you like your monitor ? — He is modest and helpful.你认为你们班长人怎么样?他很谦虚和乐于助人25、Being _worth reading__, the novel written by a famous doctor sells __well___.这本由一出名的医生写的小说很值得一读,(所以)卖得很好26、There are two ways from here to the station. You can go _either way.(到车站有两条路可以走,你可选任何一条)27、---Mary hasn’t paid for the school things, has she? (玛丽还没有付学杂费么?不,她交了,她妈妈会替她付款)---___No, she hasn’t_______ . Her mother will pay for her.28、Spelling should ___be paid attention t_____ when writing an article.(在写文章的时候要注意拼写)29、Large numbers of kind people raise money for the _victims ____ of the earthquake.(有很多人为地震中的受害者募捐资金)30、--- The museum is very far. We’d better go by bus.(博物馆很远,我们最好做巴士去)--- No, I don’t think so. Why the underground? It’s faster.(不,我不这样认为,为什么不做地铁呐!地铁比巴士车速更快)31、---I don’t know __whether__ he will come tomorrow.(我不知道明天是否会来)---Don’t worry, ___if____ he comes, I’ll tell you.(别担心,他来了,我会告诉你的)32、When I saw his pale face,I_realized_ what__had happened_.(当我看到他苍白的脸,就意识到发生了一些事情)33、Excuse me, but can you tell me _how can I get to the library__?不好意思,你能告诉我怎么去图书馆么?34、We need lots of___creative____ people to give us some new ideas.(我们需要很多有创造力的人,以便给我么带来新的想法)35、The red rose, as a __symbol _of love, is popular with many people, especially young people. (红玫瑰,作为爱情的象征,受到很多人欢迎,尤其是年轻人)36、All human beings are born _equal__.(人类生而平等)37、I have made my decision, and I’m going to ___stick to__it (我已经决定了,并且将会坚持下去)38、As we all know,it is impolite to read others’private letters without their permission.众所周知,未经他人同意,阅读他人的私人信件是不礼貌的39、—What do you think of your new English teacher?(你认为你们新英语老师怎么样?)—She was well prepared for her first lesson and left us a good__Impression______.(她第一堂课做了充分的准备,给我们留下了好印象)40、What you said just now__reminded___ me of that American girl I met yesterday.(你刚才说的,让我想起了昨天我遇到的美国女孩)41、Sandy didn’t tell her parents that she was going home because she wanted to give them a__surprise_____.(桑迪没有告诉她父女她要回家了,因为她想给他们一个惊喜)42、The customers are pleased with the __service_of the restaurant.(顾客对餐馆的服务很满意)43、—With whom did you watch 2010 World Cup Opening Ceremony ?你和谁看的2010年世界杯开幕式—___ A friend of mine______.(一个朋友)44、Oh, my god! The kids are making too much_noise_ here.I can’t do anything.(噢,我的天呐,孩子们太吵了,搞得我什么事也做不了)45、The pants I bought last year are too small now. I think I need a new pair (去年买的牛仔裤今年太小了,我想我需要买一条新的了)A. beltB. pairC. shirtD. space46、—How many students are there in the classroom?(教室里有多少学生)—_None_. They are all in the lab.(一个也没有,他们都在实验室)47、Tom is not good at math. He always feels _nervous_before her takes a math test.(汤姆不擅长数学,每天数学考试前,他总会紧张)48、—Which province is the _warmest__ one in winter? (冬天,哪个省份是最暖和的?)—It should be Hainan Province, I think. (我想,应该是海南省( D ) 49、—Peter has good grades in all his subjects, but he never shows off.(皮特所有的学科都拿到很好的成绩,但是他从来都不炫耀)—I agree. He is very ___modest_.(我同意,他非常谦虚)( D ) 50、Mr Brown always makes his class __ lively_ and keeps his students __interesting__ in class.(布朗先生讲课总是很生动,他的学生有很兴趣上课)。
高起专《英语》重点资料
一、语音(语音主要考相同字母的不同读音,所以要善于记住不一样的读音和规则高起专英语重点汇总)(一)元音字母发音规则1.元音字母在重读开音节(指以一个元音字母结尾的重读音节)中一般读字母的名称音元音字母读音例词a [ei]name game e [i :]he she me i [ai]fine like o [ou]go home u[ju:][u:]use blue2.元音字母在重读闭音节(指以一个或几个辅音音素结尾,而中间只有一个元音音素的音(1)a 读作/ə/a gain/ə'gen/a go/ə'gou/v a cation/və'kei∫n/wom a n/'wʊm ən/breakfast/'brekf əst/❖a+辅音字母+无声字母e ,读/i/vill a ge/'viliʤ/pal a ce/'pælis/(2)e 读作/ə/或/ɪ/(注意可考)exc e ll e nt/'eksələnt/sil e nt/'saɪl ənt/op e n/'əʊpən/sent e nce/'sentəns/probl e m/'prɔbləm/d e cide/dɪ'saɪd/e xam/ɪg'zæm/repeat/ri'pi:t/❖e 在前缀和后缀中读/i/(尤其是ex 开头表示前任)b e hind/bi'haind/want e d/'wɔntid/actr e ss/'æktris/(3)i(y)读作/i/或/ai/l i l y /'lili/c i t y /'siti/sat i sf y /:sætisfai/(4)o 读作/ə/或/ɔ/b o tt o m/'bɔtəm/common/'kɔmən/sec o nd/'sekənd/❖o在词尾的非重读音节中常读/əʊ/(可考)radi o/'reidiəʊ/potat o/pə'teitəʊ/pian o/pi'ænəʊ/(5)u读作/ə/、/ju/aut u mn/'ɔ:tən/s u pport/sə'pɔ:t/occ u py/'ɔkjupai/4.常见元音字母组合的读音(1)ar读作/a:/c a r/ka:/h ard/ha:d/p ar k/pa:k/(2)or读作/ɔ:/h or se/hɔ:s/sp or t/spɔ:t/n or th/nɔ:θ/(3)r,ir,ur均读作/ə:/t er m/tə:m/sh ir t/∫ə:t/b ur n/bə:n/(4)ee读作/i:/f ee l/fi:l/sl ee p/sli:p/s ee/si:/(5)ea、ei,ie读作/i:/m ea t/mi:t/p ea ce/pits/cl ea n/kli:n/f ie ld/fi:ld/dec ei ve/dɪ'si:v/p ie ce/pi:s/(6)ear读作/iə/或/eə/(可考)/iə/t ear/tiə/h ear/hiə(r)/y ear/jiə(r)//eə/w ear/weə(r)/b ear/beə(r)/p ear/peə(r)/❖ear后有辅音时读作:/ə:/(可考)l ear n/lə:n/ear ly/'ə:li]/(7)ew,eu读作/ju:/n ew/nju:/f ew/fju:/f eu dal/'fju:dl/n eu tral/'nju:trəl/(8)au,augh,aw读作/ɔ:/c au se/kɔ:z/d au ghter/'dɔ:tə(r)/s aw/sɔ:/(9)ig、igh读作/ai/(可直接记right)b righ t/brait/h igh/hai/s ig n/sain/(10)ai,ay读作/ei/pl ay/plei/w ay/wei/m ai n/mein/(11)ind读作/aind/(直接find便同理可得)m ind/maind/k ind/kaind/f ind/faind/(12)ou读作/aʊ/或/ʌ/h ou se/haʊs/ab ou t/a'baʊt/s ou nd/saʊnd/(13)al读作/ɔ:/或/ɔ:l/(记talk)t al k/tɔ:k/w al k/wɔ:k/b al l/bɔ:l/(14)oi,oy读作/ɔi/v oi ce/vɔis/p oi nt/pɔint/j oy/dʒɔi/(15)ia,ie,io读作/aiə/d ia logue/'daiəlɔg/qu ie t/'kwaiət/v io lence/'vaiələns/(16)oo读作/u:/,有时也读作/u/(可考)f oo d/fu:d/sch oo l/sku:l/g oo d/gud/(记典型)❖oo后面为K时,读作/u/(记look)b oo k/buk/l oo k/luk/(17)oor,oar读作/o:/b oar d/bo:d/fl oor/flo:(r)/d oor/do:(r)/(18)oa读作/əʊ/(记road)r oa d/rəʊd/c oa t/kəʊt/l oa d/ləʊd/(19)ow读作/əʊ/或/aʊ/(可考)kn ow/nəʊ/gr ow/grəʊ/n ow/naʊ/(20)owe读作/aʊə/(可以和19合一起来考)fl owe r/'flaʊə(r)/p owe r/'paʊə(r)/t owe r/'taʊə(r)/(21)our读作/ɔ:/或/aʊə/p our/pɔ:(r)/c our se/kɔ:s/our/aʊə/(22)ough读作/ɔ:/(直接记ought)b ough t/bɔ:t/th ough t/θɔ:t/(23)ur读作/əː/p ur se/pəːs/h ur t/həːt/m ur der/'məːdə/5.其他常见字母组合在非重读音节中的读音-tion,-sion,-ssion读作/∫n/或/∫ən/production/pra'dʌk∫n/section/'sek∫n/nation/'nei∫n/version/'və:∫n/impression/im'pre∫n/ques tion/ˈkwestʃən/(二)辅音字母发音规则考点1.c在字母e,i,y前读/s/c ell,c ity,c yst;其余情况下读/K/cat,club,code.2.g在字母e,i,y前读/ʤ/如g ene,g in,g ym;其余情况下读/g/beg,golf,game.3.s多数情况下读/s/six,desk,yes;有时读/z/如is,his(三)元音字母不发音的规则1.-e在词尾,一般不发音life/laif/face/feis/home/həum/2.一些来自法语的词的词尾-que或gue,其中-ue不发音tongue/tʌη/dialogue/ˈdaiəlɔg/technique/tekˈniːk/3.在轻读音节,有些词的词尾中的元音不发音1)-al capital/ˈkæpitl/2)-en garden/ˈgɑːdn/3)-ed burned/bəːnd/4)-el vessel/'vesl/5)-in basin/'beisn/6)-il evil/'i:vl/7)-on button/'bʌtn/❖但在/k/、/g/和/nd/音之后的元音,仍然发音bacon/ˈbeikən/(熏猪肉)waggon/ˈwægən/(马车)london/ˈlʌndən/4.在轻读音节中,在词中间的-en-,-er-,其中的元音不发音absent/ˈæbsnt/(缺席)recent/ˈriːsnt/every/'evri/(四)辅音字母在单词中不发音的规则,一般有下列14条1.字母b在字母t之前debt/det/(欠债)2.字母b在字母m之后comb/kəum/(梳子)3.字母c在字母s之后muscle/'mʌsl/4.字母d在词尾-dge中bridge/bridʒ/5.字母g在字母n之前sign/sain/6.字母gh在t之前fight/fait/7.字母h在r之后rhythem/ˈriðəm/8.字母h在词首ex-之后exhibition/eksiˈbiʃən/9.字母h在词首gh中ghost/gəust/10.字母k在字母n之前knee/ni:/11.字母l在-alf,-alk,-alm,-ouldtalk/tɔːk/half/ha:f/calm/ka:m/could/kud/12.字母n在词尾-mn中autumn/ˈɔːtəm/13.字母t在词尾-sten,-stle和-ften中listen/'lisn/castle/'ka:sl/soften/ˈsɔfn/14.字母w在字母r之前wrong/rɔŋ/二、词类(一)名词1.不可数名词不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算,不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西;它一般没有复数形式。
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2009年高中起点专科《英语》课程入学考试复习资料(内部资料)适用专业:高中起点专科层次各专业四川大学网络教育学院2008年11月四川大学网络教育学院《英语》(高中起点专科)入学考试复习资料本资料以《全国各类成人高等高校招生复习考试大纲》为指导,以《全国各类成人高考复习指导丛书—高中起点专科、本科》系列教材中的《英语》(第12版)(梁志大主编高等教育出版社2007年1月印刷出版的)为参考而编写。
考生在学习本资料时,应该在正确理解和全面掌握《全国各类成人高等高校招生复习考试大纲》所要求的各种英语语言知识点和技能前提下,举一反三,反复练习,这样才能万无一失,在考试中考出好成绩。
参考书目:《全国各类成人高考复习指导丛书—高中起点专科、本科》系列教材中的《英语》(第12版)(梁志大主编高等教育出版社2007年1月印刷出版的)重点学习内容第一部分:语音部分重点掌握元音字母的开音节、闭音节;元音字母在重读音节与非重读音节中的读音;元音字母组合的读音;-r音节和-re音节的读音;辅音字母及辅音字母组合的读音规则。
第二部分:词汇与语法知识一、词汇:结合参考用书掌握有关词的搭配。
常用短语以及构词的相关知识;二、语法知识:(一)名词—名词的数以及名词所有格名词是用来表示人、事物、地点以及抽象事物的名称的词。
1.可数名词:可以用数目来计算的名词叫可数名词。
可数名词一般有单数和复数两种形式。
(1)规则名词的复数形式:一般在名词后加-(e)s;(2)不规则的:常用改变元音字母或词尾加-en等方法构成;(3)有些名词单复数形式相同;2. 不可数名词:一般无法用数目来计算的名词叫不可数名词。
不可数名词一般没有复数形式,并且不能用不定冠词a(n)或数词one修饰。
但可以借用量词如piece, bottle, cup, drop, glass, loaf, pack等来表示其量的概念。
3. 名词的所有格:’s属格和of属格(1)’s属格:在名词后面加“’s”或者“’”;主要用于表示有生命者的名词;(2)of属格:主要用于表示无生命者的名词和表示低等动物的名词。
(二)冠词—不定冠词与定冠词的基本用法冠词是一种虚词,不能独立使用,用在名词前面,说明名词是特指还是泛指。
冠词分不定冠词和定冠词。
1.不定冠词(a / an):表示“一”、“某一”概念,用于可数名词单数形式前。
a用在辅音(不一定是辅音字母)开头的单词前,an用在元音(不一定是元音字母)开头的单词前。
2.定冠词(the):(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)事物;(2)通常用来指说话双方都知道的或上文中已提到过的人或事物;(3)特指世界上独一无二的事物;(4)用于演奏的乐器名称前面。
3.不用冠词的情况:(1)名词前已有this, that, my, your, some, any, no等代词作定语时;(2)在星期、月份、季节或节假日等名词前;(3)在三餐饭和球类运动的名称的名词前。
(三)代词—人称代词和物主代词的基本用法;不定代词的基本用法123.不定代词(1)(2)(四)数词—基数词和序数词。
1. 百、千、万、百万、千万这样的数,一般只能用单数,如five hundred, ten million;如果要用复数,则只能与of结构连用,并且前面不能再有基数词,如thousands of, billions of。
2. “in one’s +基数词的复数形式”可用来表示人的岁数或年代。
(五)形容词与副词—形容词和副词的基本用法,形容词和副词比较级与最高级的构成以及其基本应用。
1. 形容词表示人或事物的特征,在句中可用作定语、表语、宾语补足语等;副词表示行为或性质的特征,在句中用作各种状语、修饰语等。
2. 比较级和最高级的构成形式(1)绝大多数单音节词和部分特殊的双音节词后加-er构成比较级,加-est构成最高级。
(2)大部分双音节词和所有的多音节词,前面加more构成比较级,加the most 构成最高级。
(3)不规则形式:good/well—better—best; bad—worse —worst;little—less—least; many/much—more—most3. 形容词和副词比较等级的应用(1)比较级+ than(2)最高级+ of + 所属范围(3)(twice/ three times) as…as…(六)动词的时态英语的时态就是用动词不同的形态来表达不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
1.一般现在时:形式为动词原形或动词后面加-s/-es(第三人称单数)。
通常表示客观事实或真理;或表示经常发生的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。
2.一般过去时:形式为动词后面加-ed. 表示过去时间所发生的动作或存在的状态,常与过去特定的时间状语连用;或表示过去某一段时间一直持续或反复发生的动作。
3. 一般将来时:形式为will / shall+动词原形或be going to+动词原形,表示在未来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
4.现在进行时:形式为is/am/are+ 现在分词,表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作。
5.过去进行时:形式为was/were + 现在分词,表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。
6. 现在完成时:形式为have/has+过去分词,表示从过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果;或表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,往往和表示一段时间的状语连用。
7. 过去进行时:形式为had+过去分词,表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。
(七)动词的语态语态是动词的一种形式,用来表示主语和谓语之间的关系。
英语动词有两种语态,即主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态的构成:助动词be+及物动词的过去分词。
助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化(八)情态动词情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度,认为“可能”、“应该”、“必要”等等。
情态动词本身有一定的意义,但是不能单独作谓语,必须和动词原形一起连用。
情态动词无人称变化。
常用的情态动词有must,can / could,need,shall / should,will / would,may / might等。
1. can / could(1)表能力,意为“能”、“会”、“能够”,指体力或物的内在能量,或指因知识与技能而具有的能力。
(2)表示推测,常用于否定句和疑问句中。
2. may / might(1)表示许可或征求对方的许可,意为“可以”。
否定式常用must not (mustn't) ,表示“不可以”、“不许”。
(2)表示推测,通常只用于陈述句。
3. must(1)表义务,意为“必须”。
其否定回答要用needn't 或don't have to,意为“不必”;mustn't 意为“禁止”、“不许”。
(2)表推测,用于肯定句中,暗含说话人有很大的把握性。
表推测时,must 的把握性最大,may 次之,might 的把握性最小。
must, may, might 之后加动词完成式表示对过去的推测。
4. need:既可用作情态动词,又可用作实义动词。
作情态动词时,没有人称和数的变化,后接动词原形;作实义动词时,有人称和数的变化,后接带to的不定式。
表示“需要”、“必要”。
5. will /would(1)will 可用作助动词,构成将来时。
(2)will 用于各种人称,表示“意志”、“决心”、“允诺”,也可以用于条件句中表示意愿。
(3)would表示过去的意愿或人物过去的特点或习惯。
6. shall / should(1)表示说话人的意愿或意图。
用于第一人称时,意思和will 基本相同。
(2)should 后加完成式表示本该做而没做的动作。
(九)非谓语动词在英语中,不作句子谓语,而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词,叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词包括动词:不定式(to+动词原形)、动名词(动词原形加词尾-ing)、现在分词(动词原形加词尾-ing)、过去分词(动词原形加词尾-ed)。
1.动词不定式和动名词可作主语。
(在“It is+名词+动词不定式/动名词”这个句型中,如果名词为no use / no good / no need时,只能用动名词形式)2.动词不定式和动名词可作宾语(1)有些及物动词只能用不定式作宾语,如:hope,want,wish,decide,manage等;(2)有些及物动词只能用动名词作宾语,如:finish, avoid, enjoy, mind, insist on 等;(3)有的及物动词既可用不定式,也可用动名词,但其意义有所不同。
如:remember, forget, regret, stop…,前者表示非谓语动词中的动作还没有做,后者表示非谓语动词中的动作已经做了。
3.动词不定式和分词作补足语。
(1)一些表示感官词或使役动词,如see, hear, have, make, let等后面用不带to的不定式作宾补。
(2)不定式做宾语补足语,表示动作发生了(即动作的全部过程结束了);现在分词作宾补,表动作正在发生(即处于发生的过程中);过去分词作补足语,它与被补足的词之间是被动关系。
4.非谓语动词作状语:现在分词表示的动作和句子的主语之间是主动关系,过去分词表示的动作和句子的主语间是被动关系;5.非谓语动词的否定结构是在它们前面加not来构成。
(十)介词介词一般用于名词与代词(或相当于名词的其他此类、短语或从句)前,表示该词与句子其他成分的关系。
常用介词有about, at, on, in, by, for, from, to, with, without, against等。
(十一)句子1.简单句2.陈述句3.疑问句(一般疑问句,特殊疑问句、反意疑问句以及选择疑问句)反意疑问句:由两部分组成,前一部分是对事物的陈述,后一部分是简短的提问。
如果前一部分用肯定形式,后一部分一般用否定形式;前一部分用否定形式,后一部分就用肯定形式。
两部分的人称和时态要一致。
4.祈使句5.感叹句(十二)主谓一致主谓一致就是谓语动词必须在数和人称上与主语取得一致。
1. 由and连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时(指的是两个或两个以上不同的人或事物)谓语动词用复数。
2. 作主语的名词后面有as well as, with, together with等引导的短语时,谓语动词的数由作主语的名词决定。
3. 以-ics或-s结尾的学科名词(mathematics, maths, physics, politics, news等)作主语,谓语动词用单数。
4. 由数词+表示重量、里程、时间、金钱等的名词复数作主语,是当作一个整体看待的,后面用动词单数。