江苏省启东中学2016—2017学年度第一学期第一次月考
2017届江苏省启东中学高三上学期第一次月考英语试题
江苏省启东中学2016~2017学年度第一学期第一次月考高三英语试卷第一卷第一部分:听力(共两节,满分20分)第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分35分)第一节:单项填空(共15小题,每小题1分,满分15分)21. ________ headmaster Smith is quite good at painting and it is said that he is _______ Picasso.A. The… /B. /…aC. /… /D. The…a22. Lucy has _______ all the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university.A. acquiredB. finishedC. concludedD. achieved23. ---- How was the televised debate last night?---- Super! Rarely ________ so much media attention.A. a debate attractedB. did a debate attractC. a debate did attractD. attracted a debate24. It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is ________another to play it well yourself.A. quiteB. veryC. ratherD. much25. —What do you think of Richard Clayderman’s concert?— Fantastic. His perfect performance ___________ the audience.A. shockedB. killedC. invitedD. promised26. Jack is a man of his words. He always ___________ what he saysA. putsB. makesC. meansD. gets27. Jack described his father, who ________ a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man.A. might have beenB. would have beenC. should have beenD. must have been28. Why don’t you just _______ your own business and leave me alone?A. makeB. openC. considerD. mind29. I’m sure you’d rather she went to school by bus, _________?A. hadn’t youB. wouldn’t youC. aren’t ID. didn’t she30. Each ticket, unless stated __________, admits only one person.A. otherwiseB. elseC. othersD. rather31. One needs much experience and knowledge _________ one’s correct decisions.A. which to be based onB. on which to baseC. which to base up onD. on which to be based32. In a diverse society, one would expect ________ multiple interpretations of rights.A. it beingB. it to beC. there beingD. there to be33. ---- Do you know what is on recently? ---- Sorry, I don’t know, but I’ll l go and ________.A. find outB. take outC. figure outD. watch out34. Almost 90% of the most popular video games contain violence, and much of ______ is extremely violent.A. whichB. itC. themD. those35.—Yesterday, I read White Night by Higashino Keigo. Such a good book!—________. No one can match Higashino Keigo in artistic talent.A. You said itB. You don’t sayC. You can’t be seriousD. You set me up第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)What a busy day! The three boys were fed, bathed and changed into their nightclothes. Mary had 36 them astory and finally they were asleep. “Babysitting the three boys aged eight, six and four is extremely _37 ,” she thought.“Sleep,” she considered, “if only I could!” But she had diffi cult homework to complete. Leaning back, she _38 her feet onto the sofa to get comfortable. Whoever said babysitting was a(n) 39 way to make money obviously hadn’t met the three boys, she thought. The television was on, the room was warm, and the lights were dim. Mary’s 40 felt heavier and heavier. I mustn’t sleep, she thought — which was 41 what she did, of course.Strangely enough, she soon 42 that she was a world-famous chef. She made a 43 and wore diamonds and designer clothes. Most days she relaxed by the pool. meeting the rich and famous or 44 — her favorite hobby. She 45 took the leading role in her own TV show.That is, until she became too 46 . “I am definitely the best in the world,” she thought, as she prepared a tasty chicken dish. But 47 seemed to go right. She spilt the flour, she dropped an egg and she cut her finger. Despite all the troubles, she 48 to get the chicken into the stove. Soon, smoke blanketed the room. The children was on fire.49 set in, but Mary could not run—she was 50 to the spot. She tried hard to move, but could not, 51 a sharp sound awoke her.She got shocked and confused —52 was pouring from the kitchen. Rushing to investigate, she was met by three 53 little faces and some very burnt bread. “Sorry, we were hungry and you were 54 , so we tried to make some bread.” explained a boy. Relieved, Mary made them a snack and sent them back to bed. She55_ them never to fall asleep on the job again!36.A.given B. written C. told D. taught37.A.successful B. helpful C. tiring D. surprising38.A.shook B. put C. bent D. kept39.A.diffcult B. boring C. important D. easy40.A.eyes B. mind C. heart D. legs41.A.nicely B. exactly C. curiously D. carelessly42.A.realized B. reminded C. learned D. dreamt43.A.decision B. fortune C. business D. plan44.A.cooking B. reading C. running D. babysitting45.A.just B. ever C. even D. only46.A.selfish B. proud C. stubborn D. sensitive47.A.everything B. something C. anything D. nothing48.A.tired B. arranged C. managed D. prepared49.A.Panic B. Pain C. Noise D. Stress50.A.frozen B. dragged C. pushed D. brought51.A.because B. until C. as D. unless52.A.smoke B. light C. water D. fire53. A. cheerful B. strange C. guilty D. confident54.A.busy B. hungry C. worried D. asleep55.A.promised B. allowed C. expected D. persuaded第三部分:阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)ANiagara FallsThe Niagara Falls consist of three sections. The large Canadianfalls—with their distinctive curved shape—are also known as theHorseshoe Falls. They are separated by Goat Island from theAmerican Falls, which are separated from the narrow Bridal VeilFalls by a small island at their south end. Each side of the falls offers a different perspective, and it is always best to visit both sides tomaximize your experience.Views of Niagara Falls are free and accessible. Access to the riverside walks and parks offer great views. You can walk across to Goat Island on the bridge on foot.Cave of the Winds, ☎ +1 716 278-1730. Daily 9 AM-7:30 PM from Spring 2016. A lift takes you 175 feet down to a walkway that leads you right to the bottom of the Bridal Veil Falls. You will definitely get a feel for the true power of the falls! This is the closest you can get to the falls on either side without actually leaping into them! Raincoats and slippers are provided, and you will definitely need them. Adults: $12; 6-12 year: $8; younger children: Free, but must be 42 inches or taller.Maid of the Mist. A boat ride, taking you down around the bottom of the falls. Some information is given about the falls, but the real experience is looking up at the falls from below and feeling the mist coming off the falls (hence the name). Wear a raincoat to avoid getting wet. Boats leave from both the American and Canadian sides, so you may want to check the exchange rates to see which will be more cost-effective when you visit! April-October.The Niagara Gorge Discovery Center. Although it’s easy to enjoy the falls visually, the D iscovery Center provides another way to appreciate the magnificence of the falls. Exhibits show the history of the entire area, including the falls, how they were originally formed, and how they've changed over time.Aquarium of Niagara, 701 Whirlpool St, toll-free: +1 800-500-4609. 9AM-5PM. The aquarium at Niagara Falls. $10.Niagara Scenic Trolley. Use this to get around the park more quickly if needed. $2 adults/$1 children for the entire day. Hop on and off.You can combine all these attractions with a Niagara USA Discovery pass for $35, which you can purchase at the attractions.Must stay a night and see the night view of the Niagara Falls. It is equally beautiful.During the winter season, a lot of repair work of the falls, tours, and surroundings takes place. Many areas, such as Terrapin Point and Luna Island, are closed due to slippery conditions. Winter brings a different kind of beauty to the falls and a visit during that time is certainly worthwhile, but if you want to experience the full range, plan to come in the warmer months.56. How much do the Browns (Mr. Brown, Mrs. Brown, an 8-year-old, a 4-year-old) need to pay to visit Cave of theWinds?A. $ 12.B. $ 24.C. $ 32.D. $ 35.57. What can we learn from the text?A. Tourists in Niagara Falls can enjoy the full range of scenery in winter.B. Tourists in Niagara Gorge Discovery Center can have a feel of history.C. Tourists are provided with boat rides from both the American and Canadian sides all year round.D. The Niagara Falls have three sections: the large Canadian falls, the Horseshoe Falls and the American Falls.BNever Talk to Strangers?“Never talk to strangers.” Many children are taught this simple rule as a precaution against abduction(诱拐). In June, 2005, an 11-year-old boy was lost in the Utah wilderness for four days. During that time, he stayed on the path. He saw people searching for him but deliberately hid from them, afraid someone might “steal” him. Eventually, the unfortunate game of hide-and-seek ended and he was found. According to the Canada Safety Council, this alarming incident shows how unwise it is to instill(灌输) a fear of strangers in children. The “stranger danger” message can prevent children from developing the social skills and judgment needed to deal effectively with real-life situations. In a difficult situation, a stranger could be their lifeline to safety.To have a child go missing is a parent’s worst nightmare. The threat of abduction by a stranger is minimal when compared with other possible reasons for a disappearance. In 2004, there were 67,266 missing-children cases in Canada. Only 31 involved abduction; in most of those cases the abductor was a relative, friend, or person known to the family. There were 671 cases of children wandering off, and 332 cases of abductions by a parent. Almost 80 percent of all cases were runaways. These statistics cast doubt on the idea that children should never talk to strangers. Wandering off is more common — but a lost children may have to call upon a stranger for help, and must develop the ability to judge what kind of people to approach. The “never talk to strangers” rule does not protect children in the situations they are most likely to face. On top of this, it can be confusing. Adults do not model the behavior; they often talk to strangers. A child may not know how to tell who is a stranger, and who is not.For young children, nothing replaces close supervision(监管). Pre-schoolers do not understand risk and tend to act without thinking. Children need to develop habits and attitudes that will protect them from the real threats and dangers they may face. The Canada Safety Council encourages parents to give their children age-appropriate positive messages about safety, bearing in mind how youngsters may understand their world.58. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the 11-year-old boy?A. He practiced the “never talk to strangers” rule.B. He hid from the rescuers to avoid possible abduction.C. He eventually showed up when his hide-and-seek game ended.D. He stayed where he was, expecting the coming of familiar people.59. Among the possible reasons for the missing-children cases in Canada, which one is the most frequent?A. Being abducted by a parent.B. Wandering off.C. Being abducted by strangers.D. Running away.60. The “never talk to strangers” rule is confusing to children because __________.A. a friendly and attractive person may be dangerousB. adults do not act upon the rule and strangers are hard to tellC. the rule does not protect children in the situation of abductingD. a lost child may have difficulty in communicating with a stranger61. Which would the author agree with about the “never talk to strangers” rule?A. It is not well recognized by parents.B. It is not effective in keeping kids safe.C. It is easy enough for children to follow.D. It is practical as a safety tip in daily life.COutside her cottage, old Mrs. Taylor was hanging out laundry on a wire line, unaware that some children were hiding in a nearby tree watching her every move. They were determined to find out if she really was a witch.They watched nervously as she took a broomstick to sweep the dirt from her stone steps. But much to their disappointment, she didn’t get o n the broomstick and fly off. The old lady only looked up when her hen began to make sounds loudly — signaling that she had laid an egg in the nest on the top of the haystack.(干草堆).The old lady put aside her broomstick and walked to the haystack, followed by Michael, a black cat she had rescued from a fox trap. With only three legs, it was hard for Michael to keep up with his mistress. The cat was proof for the children that only a witch would own a black cat with three legs! Crawling further along the branches, they could clearly see the haystack.Mrs. Taylor was standing on a wooden box with the new-laid egg in one hand. Placing the egg in her pocket, she readied herself to climb down. Then, without warning, the box broke under her and she crashed to the ground. The children were in horror.“Should we go and help her?” asked Mia.“What if it’s a trick?” replied Patrick. “She probably knows we’re here. Witches know things like that!”After thinking for a while, Julia said “Anyway, we should go and check whether she is all right.”Approaching prudently, they could see a wound on the old lady’s forehead. She had knocked her head on a stone and was unconscious.“Go and get Dad,” Mia yelled to her brothers. “Tell him about the accident.”The boys didn’t need another excuse to leave. They ran as fast as they could for help, hoping that Mrs. Taylor would not regain consciousness and turn the girls into frogs.Later, in the hospital, the old lady smiled her thanks. “I was so lucky that you lovely children happened to be passing when 1 fell. I must have yelled quite loudly.”The children exchanged guilty glances, but were very pleased that she was not a witch after all!62. Mrs. Taylor stopped sweeping when_______.A. her doorstep became very cleanB. she heard the hen making sounds loudlyC. she noticed the children in the treeD. her cat Michael managed to get her attention63. Why was Patrick not willing to help Mrs. Taylor when she fell?A. He thought that she could be cheating them.B. He was afraid of the three-legged black cat.C. He did not think that she was hurt in the fall.D. He knew he and the others shouldn’t have been in her tree.64. Which of the definitions is close st in meaning to the underlined word “prudently” ?A. Slowly.B. Hurriedly.C. Carefully.D. Quietly.65. Which of these old sayings best summaries the lesson from story?A. Make hey while the sun shines.B. Never judge a book by its cover.C. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.D. People in glasshouses shouldn’t throw stones.DConventional wisdom says that hardship can make us old before our time. In fact, a new study suggests that violence not only leaves long¬-term scars on child ren’s bodies, but also changes their DNA, causing changes that are equal to seven to ten years of premature aging.Scientists measured this by studying the ends of children’s chromosomes(染色体), called telomeres, says Idan Shalev, lead author of a study published in Molecular Psychiatry.Telomeres are special DNA sequences which prevent the DNA in chromosomes from separating. They get shorter each time a cell divides, until a cell cannot divide any more and dies.Several factors have been found to shorten telomeres, including smoking, radiation and psychological stresses such as being treated badly when young and taking care of a chronically ill person.In this study, researchers examined whether exposure to violence could make children’s telomeres shorten faster than normal. They interviewed the mothers of 236 children at ages 5, 7 and 10, asking whether the youngsters had been exposed to domestic violence between the mother and her partner; physical maltreatment by an adult; or bullying. Researchers measured the children’s telomeres—in cells obtained by swabbing the insides of their cheeks—at ages 5 and 10.Telomeres shortened faster in kids exposed to two or more types of violence, says Shalev. Unless that pattern changes, the study suggests, these kids could be expected to develop diseases of aging, such as heart attacks or memory loss, seven to 10 years earlier than their peers.Shalev says there is hope for these kids. His study found that, in rare cases, telomeres can lengthen. Better nutrition, exercise and stress reduction are three things that may be able to lengthen telomeres, he says.He study confirms a small but growing number of studies suggesting that early childhood adversity imprints itself in our chromosomes, says Charles Nelson, a professor of pediatrics and neuroscience at Harvard Medical School.66. The new study found that ________.A. violence leaves scars on a child’s mindB. hardship can change a child’s agingC. violenc e can speed up a child’s agingD. hardship has a long¬-term effect on a child’s mind67. According to the text, telomeres ________.A. can make a cell die quicklyB. can help prevent DNA from separatingC. become shorter before they dieD. are a t the ends of people’s chromosomes68. All of the following things can shorten telomeres EXCEPT ________.A. smokingB. cell divisionC. maltreatmentD. doing exercise69. Which of the following is TRUE, according to the text?A. Violence can cause q uick cell division in children’s body.B. Being treated badly will make a child’s telomeres shorten faster.C. Researchers measured the children’s telomeres from their legs in the study.D. Children who have shorter telomeres may have a heart attack earlier.70. Which is the best title for the passage?A. Violence Ages Children’s DNAB. Children’s Changing DNA PatternsC. Violence and TelomeresD. the Function of Telomeres第二卷第一节:任务型阅读(共10 小题; 每小题1 分, 满分10 分)The benefits of being an independent business are truly great. Beyond the rewarding nature of owning something truly unique, small businesses have the edge over their big business counterparts in many areas. Consider the importance of being independent and how that independence can help drive your business.To some, having fewer customers simply means less cash flow; however, having a smaller base also allows you to focus more on customer satisfaction.Companies are always searching for ways to improve customer service and have more of their business. Whether through paying special attention to who comes through your door or monitoring your customers through the social network, it’s less of trouble to make sure your customers’ needs are being met when there’s a smaller sample to deal with. In addition, it becomes much easier to create a personal connection with buyers when you have enough time and attention to show them some love.Small businesses have an inherent advantage over their big box competitors in the sense that they can offer something different. People want to see the independent businesses that offer unique products and flavor to their communities. Your business can be the difference when it comes to what customers want.Of course, big box companies will almost always beat you down when it comes to price. Consider, however, that if you can offer a truly unique product or experience, price becomes much less of an issue.People like the idea of supporting local independent businesses versus “the big guys”. So, what businesses are booming due to the rise of independence?Craft Beer(精酿啤酒) ---- The craft beer movement in the United States is supported so widely that big breweries have taken to creating their own competing “craft beer” brands in an attempt to follow the trend. While Anheuser Busch represents nearly half of America’s bre weries, craft beer has seen a huge jump in sales in resent years.Video Games ---- Whether through PCs, traditional consoles or mobile games, independent developers are supported by enthusiastic fans and micro-transactions in an industry that was formerly dominated by bigger developers.Musicians ---- The modern web offers immense opportunities to musicians, resulting in more economic and artistic freedom. A surprising number of mainstream artists have seen great success from their independent releases, such as Macklemore’s The Heist, which has sold over one million copies in the United States alone.Some small businesses don’t want to be small businesses forever. Regardless, consider what independence does for you and your company. If you offer something out of the ordinary, you can build an audience that respects your individuality and supports your cause.第二节:书面表达(25分)请阅读下面短文,并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
江苏省启东中学高一数学上学期第一次月考试题(创新班,
江苏省启东中学2016~2017学年度创新班高一阶段考试 数学试卷 2016.9.20一、填空题:本题共14小题,每小题5分,共70分.请把答案填写在答题..纸.相应位置上...... 1.不等式223x x -<的解集为 .2.在ABC ∆中,已知3AB =,2BC =,60B ︒∠=,则AC = . 3.已知等比数列{}n a 的各项都是正数,且41016a a =,则8a = .4.ABC ∆的三边长分别为a ,b ,c ,若cos cos sin b C c B a A +=,则ABC ∆的形状为 . 5.方程3sin 1cos2x x =+在区间[]02π, 上的解集为 .6.在数列{}n a 中,12a =,*11(N )n n a a n +=-∈,n S 为数列的前n 项和,则2015201620172S S S -+的值为 .7.函数()=(3sin cos )(3cos sin )f x x x x x +-的最小正周期是 .8.若x ,y 满足错误!未找到引用源。
2030x y x y x -≤⎧⎪+≤⎨⎪≥⎩,,,则2x y +的最大值为 .9.已知正数a ,b 满足3ab a b =++,则a b +的最小值为 .10.已知数列{}n a 是以3为公差的等差数列,n S 是其前n 项和,若10S 是数列{}n S 中的唯一最小项,则数列{}n a 的首项1a 的取值范围是 .11.在ABC ∆中,角A ,B ,C 的对边分别为a ,b ,c ,若223a b bc -=,sin 23sin C B =,则角A = .12.各项均为正数的等比数列{}n a 中,若1a ≥1,2a ≤2,3a ≥3,则4a 的取值范围是 .13.已知函数27()1x ax a f x x +++=+,R a ∈,若对于任意的*N x ∈,()f x ≥4恒成立,则a 的取值范围是 . 14.无穷数列{}n a 由k 个不同的数组成,n S 为{}n a 的前n 项和.若对任意*N n ∈,{}23n S ∈, ,则k 的最大值为 .二、解答题:本大题共6小题,共计90分,请在答题..纸.指定区域....内作答.解答时应写出文字说明、 证明过程或演算步骤. 15.(本小题满分14分)在ABC ∆中,2222a c b ac +=+.⑴求B ∠的大小;⑵求2cos cos A C +的最大值.16.(本小题满分14分) 在△ABC 中,角A ,B ,C 的对边分别为a ,b ,c ,已知tan tan 2(tan tan )cos cos A BA B B A+=+.⑴证明:2a b c +=;⑵求cos C 的最小值.17.(本小题满分14分)对于实数π(0)2x ∈, ,2214()=9sin 9cos f x x x+. ⑴若()f x ≥t 恒成立,求t 的最大值M ;⑵在⑴的条件下,求不等式2|2|x x M +-+≥3的解集.18.(本小题满分16分)已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和238n S n n =+,{}n b 是等差数列,且1n n n a b b +=+.⑴求数列{}n b 的通项公式;⑵令1(1)(2)n n n nn a c b ++=+,求数列{}n c 的前n 项和n T .19.(本小题满分16分)请用多种方法证明不等式:(用一种方法得8分,两种方法得14分,三种方法得16分.)已知a ,(0)b ∈+∞, ,证明:b a +≥a b +.20.(本小题满分16分)设A是由有限个正整数组成的集合,若存在两个集合B,C满足:①B C=∅I;②B C AU;③B的元素之和等于C的元素之和,则称集合A“可均分”.=⑴证明:集合{}A=, , , , , , ,“可均分”;12345678⑵证明:集合{}, , ,“可均分”;LA=+++2015120152201593⑶求出所有的正整数k,使得{}, , ,“可均分”.L=+++A k20151201522015。
江苏省南通市启东中学2016-2017学年高一上学期第一次月考数学试卷 含解析
2016-2017学年江苏省南通市启东中学高一(上)第一次月考数学试卷一、填空题:1.由实数x,﹣x,|x|,,所组成的集合,最多含有个元素.2.若集合M={{x|≤0}},N={x|≥0},则M∩N=.3.若A={x|a﹣1≤x≤a+2},B={x|3<x<5},则A⊇B成立的实数a的取值范围是.4.使集合Y={1,3}且X∪Y={1,2,3,4},同时成立的集合X有.5.设f(x)的定义域为(1,3),则函数f(x2)的定义域是.6.已知f(x)=,则f(8)=.7.对于定义在R上的函数,下列命题:(1)若f(﹣2)=f(2),则f(x)为偶函数;(2)若f(﹣2)≠f(2),则f(x)不是偶函数;(3)若f(﹣2)=f(2),则f(x)一定不是奇函数.其中正确的命题是(把所有正确命题的序号都填上).8.已知函数f(x)是R上的增函数,A(0,﹣1),B(3,1)是其图象上的两点,那么|f(x)|<1的解集是.9.函数f(x)=的单调递增区间是.10.函数y=2x﹣3+的值域为.11.函数f(x)=是函数(“奇”,“偶”,“非奇非偶”中选一合适的填空).12.若函数y=x2﹣4x的定义域为[﹣4,a],值域为[﹣4,32],则实数a的取值范围为.13.已知函数f(x)满足f(﹣x)=f(x),当a,b∈(﹣∞,0)时总有,若f(m+1)>f(2m),则实数m的取值范围是.14.若f(x)和g(x)都是定义在R上的函数,且满足f(x﹣y)=f(x)g(y)﹣g(x)f (y),f(﹣2)=f(1)≠0,则g(1)+g(﹣1)=.二、解答题:15.已知集合A={x|x2﹣6x+8<0},B={x|(x﹣a)(x﹣3a)<0};(1)若A⊊B,求a的取值范围;(2)若A∩B={x|3<x<4},求a的取值范围.16.若函数f(x)=的值域是[﹣4,2).(1)作出函数图象;(2)求f(x)的定义域.17.动点P从边长为1的正方形ABCD的顶点A出发顺次经过B,C,D再回到A,设x表示P点的行程,f(x)表示PA的长,g(x)表示△ABP的面积.(1)求f(x)的表达式;(2)求g(x)的表达式并作出g(x)的简图.18.设函数f(x)=|x2﹣4x﹣5|.(1)在区间[﹣2,6]上画出函数f(x)的图象;(2)设集合A={x|f(x)≥5},B=(﹣∞,﹣2]∪[0,4]∪[6,+∞).试判断集合A 和B之间的关系,并给出证明.19.若函数f(x)=是偶函数,且f(1)=2.(1)求a、b的值及f(x);(2)判断函数f(x)在区间(0,+∞)上的单调性,并证明你的结论.20.已知二次函数f(x)=ax2+bx+c(a≠0)(a,b,c∈R),且同时满足下列条件:①f(﹣1)=0;②对任意实数x,都有f(x)﹣x≥0;③当x∈(0,2)时,有f(x)≤()2.(1)求f(1);(2)求a,b,c的值;(3)当x∈[﹣1,1]时,函数g(x)=f(x)﹣mx(m∈R)是单调函数,求m的取值范围.2016-2017学年江苏省南通市启东中学高一(上)第一次月考数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、填空题:1.由实数x,﹣x,|x|,,所组成的集合,最多含有2个元素.【考点】集合的确定性、互异性、无序性.【分析】本题考查的是元素与集合的关系问题.在解答时首先要考虑好几何元素的特征特别是互异性,然后利用指数运算的法则对所给实数进行化简,即可获得问题的解答.【解答】解:由题意可知:=|x|,=x,并且|x|=±x所以,以实数x,﹣x,|x|,,所组成的集合最多含有x,﹣x两个元素.故答案是:2.2.若集合M={{x|≤0}},N={x|≥0},则M∩N=M∩N=(﹣2,﹣1)∪{}.【考点】交集及其运算.【分析】分别求出关于M、N中x的范围,再取交集即可.【解答】解:M={{x|≤0}}={x|﹣2<x≤},N={x|≥0}={x|x或x<﹣1},则M∩N=(﹣2,﹣1)∪{},故答案为:M∩N=(﹣2,﹣1)∪{}.3.若A={x|a﹣1≤x≤a+2},B={x|3<x<5},则A⊇B成立的实数a的取值范围是[3,4].【考点】集合的包含关系判断及应用.【分析】首先分析A,B两个集合,然后根据AB的关系构造不等式组,最后解出a的范围【解答】解:∵A={x|a﹣1≤x≤a+2}B={x|3<x<5}而A⊇B∴解得:3≤a≤4故答案为:[3,4]4.使集合Y={1,3}且X∪Y={1,2,3,4},同时成立的集合X有4.【考点】交、并、补集的混合运算.【分析】根据题意得到集合X必须包含元素2,4,所以一一列举求出集合X即为集合X的个数.【解答】解:因为Y={1,3}且X∪Y={1,2,3,4},∴X={2,4},或{1,2,4},或{3,2,4},或{1,2,3,4},所以集合X有4个.故答案为:45.设f(x)的定义域为(1,3),则函数f(x2)的定义域是(,﹣1)∪(1,).【考点】函数的定义域及其求法.【分析】直接由x2大于1小于3,求解不等式即可得答案.【解答】解:由1<x2<3,得或,∴函数f(x2)的定义域是:(,﹣1)∪(1,).故答案为:(,﹣1)∪(1,).6.已知f(x)=,则f(8)=6.【考点】函数的值.【分析】由已知得f(8)=f(f(12))=f(9),由此能求出结果.【解答】解:∵f(x)=,∴f(8)=f(f(12))=f(9)=9﹣3=6.故答案为:6.7.对于定义在R上的函数,下列命题:(1)若f(﹣2)=f(2),则f(x)为偶函数;(2)若f(﹣2)≠f(2),则f(x)不是偶函数;(3)若f(﹣2)=f(2),则f(x)一定不是奇函数.其中正确的命题是②(把所有正确命题的序号都填上).【考点】函数奇偶性的判断.【分析】对于①,利用偶函数的定义即可判断;对于②的逆否命题为真,原命题为真;对于③,列举反例即可.【解答】解:根据偶函数的定义,对于定义域内的任意一个值都满足:f(﹣x)=f(x)对于①,仅满足f(﹣2)=f(2),不表明对于R上的其它值也成立,故①错误;对于②的逆否命题为:若f(x)是偶函数,则f(﹣2)=f(2)为真命题,故原命题为真;对于③,函数f(x)=0(x∈R)是奇函数,且满足f(﹣2)=f(2),故③错误.故答案为:②.8.已知函数f(x)是R上的增函数,A(0,﹣1),B(3,1)是其图象上的两点,那么|f(x)|<1的解集是{x|0<x<3}.【考点】函数单调性的性质.【分析】由A、B为f(x)图象上的点,得f(0)=﹣1,f(3)=1,由|f(x)|<1,得﹣1<f(x)<1,即f(0)<f(x)<f(3),再根据函数的单调性可解不等式.【解答】解:∵A、B为f(x)图象上的点,∴f(0)=﹣1,f(3)=1,由|f(x)|<1,得﹣1<f(x)<1,即f(0)<f(x)<f(3),又f(x)为R上的增函数,所以0<x<3,即不等式的解集为{x|0<x<3},故答案为:{x|0<x<3}.9.函数f(x)=的单调递增区间是[0,1] .【考点】函数的单调性及单调区间.【分析】根据复合函数单调性之间的关系进行求解即可.【解答】解:设t=2x﹣x2,则y=为增函数,由2x﹣x2≥0,得0≤x≤2,即函数的定义域为[0,2],函数t=2x﹣x2的对称轴为x=1,要求f(x)的单调递增区间,即求函数t=2x﹣x2的单调递增区间,∵t=2x﹣x2的单调递增区间为[0,1],∴函数f(x)的单调递增区间为[0,1],故答案为:[0,1]10.函数y=2x﹣3+的值域为[,+∞).【考点】函数的值域.【分析】先进行换元,令t=,把已知函数可转化为关于t的二次函数,结合t的范围及二次函数的性质可求解【解答】解:令t=,则t≥0且x=∴y===根据二次函数的性质可知,函数在[0,+∞)上单调递增故当t=0即x=时函数有最小值,函数没有最大值故函数的值域为[)故答案为:[)11.函数f(x)=是奇函数(“奇",“偶”,“非奇非偶"中选一合适的填空).【考点】函数奇偶性的判断.【分析】求出函数的定义域关于原点对称,再化简函数,利用奇函数的定义进行判断即可.【解答】解:由题意,,∴﹣1≤x≤1且x≠0,关于原点对称.∴f(x)==,∴f(﹣x)=﹣f(x),∴函数f(x)=是奇函数,故答案为:奇.12.若函数y=x2﹣4x的定义域为[﹣4,a],值域为[﹣4,32],则实数a的取值范围为2≤a≤8.【考点】二次函数在闭区间上的最值.【分析】先配方,再计算当x=2时,y=﹣4;当x=﹣4时,y=(﹣4﹣2)2﹣4=32,利用定义域为[﹣4,a],值域为[﹣4,32],即可确定实数a的取值范围.【解答】解:配方可得:y=(x﹣2)2﹣4当x=2时,y=﹣4;当x=﹣4时,y=(﹣4﹣2)2﹣4=32;∵定义域为[﹣4,a],值域为[﹣4,32],∴2≤a≤8∴实数a的取值范围为2≤a≤8故答案为:2≤a≤813.已知函数f(x)满足f(﹣x)=f(x),当a,b∈(﹣∞,0)时总有,若f(m+1)>f(2m),则实数m的取值范围是(﹣∞,﹣)∪(1,+∞).【考点】函数单调性的性质;函数奇偶性的性质.【分析】先根据条件得到函数的奇偶性,再结合条件求出函数在(0,+∞)上的单调性,利用f(x)=f(|x|)将f(m+1)>f(2m)转化成f(|m+1|)>f(|2m|)进行求解,最后根据单调性建立关系式求解即可.【解答】解:∵函数f(x)满足f(﹣x)=f(x),∴函数f(x)是偶函数又∵当a,b∈(﹣∞,0)时总有,∴函数f(x)在(﹣∞,0)上单调递增函数根据偶函数的性质可知函数f(x)在(0,+∞)上单调递减函数∵f(m+1)>f(2m),∴f(|m+1|)>f(|2m|),即|m+1|<|2m|,则(m+1)2<4m2,(3m+1)(1﹣m)<0,m>1或m<﹣,解得:m∈(﹣∞,﹣)∪(1,+∞)故答案为:(﹣∞,﹣)∪(1,+∞)14.若f(x)和g(x)都是定义在R上的函数,且满足f(x﹣y)=f(x)g(y)﹣g(x)f(y),f(﹣2)=f(1)≠0,则g(1)+g(﹣1)=﹣1.【考点】抽象函数及其应用;函数的值.【分析】先主条件的变形得到函数是奇函数,再由f(﹣2)=f(1)提供的信息,利用主条件采用赋值的方法令x=1,y=﹣1来求解.【解答】解:∵f(x﹣y)=f(x)g(y)﹣g(x)f(y)=﹣[g(x)f(y)﹣f(x)g(y)]=﹣[f(y)g(x)﹣g(y)f(x)]=﹣f(y﹣x)∴f(x)是奇函数.﹣f(﹣2)=f(2)=f[1﹣(﹣1)]=f(1)g(﹣1)﹣f(﹣1)g(1)=f(1)g(﹣1)+f(1)g(1)=f(1)[g(﹣1)+g(1)]又∵f(﹣2)=f(1),∴g(﹣1)+g(1)=﹣1故答案为:﹣1二、解答题:15.已知集合A={x|x2﹣6x+8<0},B={x|(x﹣a)(x﹣3a)<0};(1)若A⊊B,求a的取值范围;(2)若A∩B={x|3<x<4},求a的取值范围.【考点】集合的包含关系判断及应用;一元二次不等式的解法.【分析】(1)集合A={x|x2﹣6x+8<0}为二次不等式的解集,直接解出,集合B为含有参数的二次不等式的解集,可按a与3a的大小进行分类讨论,再由条件A⊈B结合数轴即可解出a 的取值范围(2)由条件A∩B={x|3<x<4}可直接写出集合B,总而求出a的值.【解答】解:(1)根据题意,易得A={x|2<x<4}a>0时,B={x|a<x<3a},∴应满足;a<0时,B={x|3a<x<a},应满足无解;a=0时,B=∅,显然不符合条件;∴时,A⊆B(2)要满足A∩B={x|3<x<4},当a>0,此时集合B={x|a<x<3a}a=3时,∵此时B={x|3<x<9},成立,当a<0时,此时集合B={x|3a<x<a},不能满足A∩B={x|3<x<4},故a=3.16.若函数f(x)=的值域是[﹣4,2).(1)作出函数图象;(2)求f(x)的定义域.【考点】函数的值域;函数的定义域及其求法.【分析】(1)对函数进行分离常数出来,在进行作图, (2)值域求定义域的问题可转化为不等式组来求解.【解答】解:(1)由f(x)=化简变形:f(x)==2+图象如图(2)由题意:∵f(x)的值域是[﹣4,2).即:﹣4≤<2,转化为不等式组:解得:.所以:f(x)的定义域(﹣∞,].17.动点P从边长为1的正方形ABCD的顶点A出发顺次经过B,C,D再回到A,设x 表示P点的行程,f(x)表示PA的长,g(x)表示△ABP的面积.(1)求f(x)的表达式;(2)求g(x)的表达式并作出g(x)的简图.【考点】函数解析式的求解及常用方法.【分析】(1)动点P各有不同位置,计算PA也有不同的方法,因此同样必须对P点的位置进行分类求解.(2)△ABP的形状各有特征,计算它们的面积也有不同的方法,因此同样必须对P点的位置进行分类求解.【解答】解:(1)如原题图,当P在AB上运动时,PA=x;当P点在BC上运动时,由Rt△ABD可得PA=当P点在CD上运动时,由Rt△ADP易得PA=当P点在DA上运动时,PA=4﹣x,故f(x)的表达式为:f(x)=.(2)g(x)的简图:由于P点在折线ABCD上不同位置时,如原题图,当P在线段AB上时,即0≤x<1时,S△ABP的面积S=0;=AB•BP=(x﹣1);当P在线段BC上时,即1<x≤2时,S△ABP=•1•1=当P在线段CD上时,即2<x≤3时,S△ABP=(4﹣x)当P在线段DA上时,即3<x≤4时,S△ABP故g(x)=.18.设函数f(x)=|x2﹣4x﹣5|.(1)在区间[﹣2,6]上画出函数f(x)的图象;(2)设集合A={x|f(x)≥5},B=(﹣∞,﹣2]∪[0,4]∪[6,+∞).试判断集合A和B 之间的关系,并给出证明.【考点】二次函数的性质.【分析】(1)由f(﹣2)=7,f(﹣1)=f(5)=0,f(2)=9,f(6)=7,用描点法能作出区间[﹣2,6]上函数f(x)的图象(2)方程f(x)=5的解分别是和,由于f(x)在(﹣∞,﹣1]和[2,5]上单调递减,在[﹣1,2]和[5,+∞)上单调递增,因此.能判断判断集合A 和B之间的关系.【解答】解:(1)f(﹣2)=7,f(﹣1)=f(5)=0,f(2)=9,f(6)=7图象如下(2)方程f(x)=5的解分别是和,由于f(x)在(﹣∞,﹣1]和[2,5]上单调递减,在[﹣1,2]和[5,+∞)上单调递增,因此.由于,∴B⊂A.19.若函数f(x)=是偶函数,且f(1)=2.(1)求a、b的值及f(x);(2)判断函数f(x)在区间(0,+∞)上的单调性,并证明你的结论.【考点】函数奇偶性的性质;函数单调性的判断与证明.【分析】(1)由题意可得,f(﹣x)==f(x)=对任意x∈R恒成立,f(1)=2,从而求求a、b的值及f(x);(2)判断函数f(x)在区间(0,+∞)上单调递减,再利用复合函数的单调性证明.【解答】解:(1)由题意可得,对任意x∈R,都有f(﹣x)==f(x)=,解得,a=0,又∵f(1)==2,∴b=4;故f(x)=;(2)函数f(x)在区间(0,+∞)上单调递减,证明如下,令u=x2+1,∵u=x2+1在(0,+∞)上单调递增,且y=在(0,+∞)上单调递减,∴由复合函数的单调性可知,函数f(x)在区间(0,+∞)上单调递减.20.已知二次函数f(x)=ax2+bx+c(a≠0)(a,b,c∈R),且同时满足下列条件:①f(﹣1)=0;②对任意实数x,都有f(x)﹣x≥0;③当x∈(0,2)时,有f(x)≤()2.(1)求f(1);(2)求a,b,c的值;(3)当x∈[﹣1,1]时,函数g(x)=f(x)﹣mx(m∈R)是单调函数,求m的取值范围.【考点】抽象函数及其应用.【分析】(1)令x=1,有f(1)﹣1≥0和f(1)≤()2=1,求出f(1);(2)由f(﹣1)=0,得a﹣b+c=0,①由f(1)=1得a+b+c=1②联立①②可得b=a+c=,再由f(x)﹣x≥0,即ax2+(a+c)x+c﹣x≥0,约束可得结果.(3)把第(1)、(2)问的结果代入g(x),得出对称轴方程,由二次函数的单调性可求.【解答】解:(1)由f(﹣1)=0,得a﹣b+c=0,①令x=1,有f(1)﹣1≥0和f(1)≤()2=1,∴f(1)=1.(2)由f(1)=1得a+b+c=1②联立①②可得b=a+c=,由题意知,对任意实数x,都有f(x)﹣x≥0,即ax2+(a+c)x+c﹣x≥0,即ax2﹣x+c≥0对任意实数x恒成立,于是,即,∵,∴⇒,∴,∴∴,∴a=c=,b=.(3)由(2)得:g(x)=f(x)﹣mx=x2+x+﹣mx=[x2+(2﹣4m)x+1]此抛物线的对称轴方程为∵x∈[﹣1,1]时,g(x)是单调的,∴|﹣|≥1,解得m≤0或m≥1.∴m的取值范围是(﹣∞,0]∪[1,+∞).2017年1月6日。
17学年上学期高中一年级第一次月考英语试题[附答案解析]
江苏省启东中学2016-2017学年度第一学期第一次月考高一英语试卷满分120分,考试时间120分钟第一部分听力(共两节,满分20分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where is Fred now?A. At the office.B. In the classroom.C. At home.2. How many people were injured in the accident?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.3. What’s the weather probably like now?A. Sunny.B. Cloudy.C. Rainy.4. When was the man supposed to come back home?A. On Sunday.B. On Saturday.C. On Monday.5. Which season is it most likely now?A. Summer.B. Autumn.C. Spring.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间来阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白仅读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6至7 题6. Why is the man in the woman’s city?A. He’s visiting someone here.B. His family has moved here.C. He’s started a business here.7. Where was the man born?A. In Los Angeles.B. In New Orleans.C. In New York.听第7段材料,回答第8至9 题8. What is the woman doing?A. Playing computer games.B. Tidying her room.C. Doing her homework.9. What needs repairing?A. The lamp.B. The computer.C. The air conditioner.听第8段材料,回答第10至 12题10. When is Mom’s birthday?A. On October 20th.B. On October 27th.C. On October 30th.11. Why won’t the man buy the necklace for Mom?A. He can’t aff ord it.B. It doesn’t look good.C. His mom doesn’t like it.12. What’s the woman going to buy for Mom this year?A. A dress.B. A necklace.C. A scarf. 听第9段材料,回答第13至16 题13. Why does the man like his part-time job that much?A. Because of the low pay.B. Because of his workmates.C. Because of the boring work.14. When does the man usually go to bed?A. Around 9:30 pm.B. Around 10:00 pm.C. Around 10:30 pm.15. Where does the woman work part-time?A. At a school.B. At a restaurant.C. At a supermarket.16. What do we know about the man?A. He is good at languages.B. He is a friendly person.C. He is a student.听第10段材料,回答第17至20 题17. When was Lockely House built?A. In the sixteenth century.B. In the seventeenth century.C. In the eighteenth century.18. What can people see at the top of the stairs?A. Books.B. Guns.C. Pictures.19. What can people do in the Great Hall?A. Play tennis.B. Have a swim.C. Enjoy some concerts.20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?A. Visiting an old building.B. Describing a famous queen.C. Seeing a collection of old books.第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分50分)第一节:单项选择(共30小题;每小题1分,满分30分)21. In ______ eyes of children, playing on the Internet can only bring them ______ great fun.A. the; aB. / ; aC. the; /D. /; /22. Finding information in today’s world is easy. The ______ is how you can tell if the information youget is useful or not.A. abilityB. competitionC. challengeD. knowledge23. — Waiter, $ 20 for dinner, right?—I’m afraid $ 25, sir, for drinks are ______.A. extraB. freeC. highD. spare24. Living in the dormitory (宿舍)means ______ to take care of yourself, understand each other’sdifferences and share ______ interests.A. to learn, commonB. learning, ordinaryC. to learn, normalD. learning, common25. — What do you think of your school, Linda?—It’s a good place for us to ______ ourselves for the future.A. promiseB. proveC. prepareD. present26. It’s very kind of you to keep me well ____ what is going on there.A. informing fromB. from informing ofC. informed ofD. from informed about27. He doesn’t spend any more money on clothing than I do, but ______ he manages to look so stylish.A. thereforeB. somehowC. furthermoreD. otherwise28. — Do you know Mr Hall very well?— Yes, he used to be an editor and ______ the business part of the paper.A. in the charge ofB. take the charge ofC. in charge ofD. taking charge of29. — ______?—She’s quiet and a little shy.A. What do you think of the ladyB. What’s the lady likeC. How do you like the ladyD. How is the lady30. Although the working mother is very busy, she still ______ a lot of time to her children.A. devotesB. spendsC. suppliesD. provides31. Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached200,000, a(n) ______of 40,000 per year.A. averageB. numberC. amountD. quantity32. ______ you practice, ______ progress you will make.A. Harder; greaterB. The harder; a greaterC. The hard; the greatD. The harder; the greater33. ______ the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.A. Don’t knowB. Not knowingC. KnownD. To know34. Her parents require that she ________ her homework before she ________ TV.A. will finish; watchesB. finishes; watchesC. finish; watchesD. finishes; will watch35. A good friend is a person ______ we turn for help when we are in trouble.A. whoB. whomC. to whomD. to which36. The air quality in our city, ______ is shown in the chart, has declined over the last three months.A. thatB. itC. asD. what37. Recently I have bought an iPad 3 on the website of taobao. com, ______ the price is very reasonable.A. on whichB. in whichC. of whichD. from which38. There is still much __________can be improved.A. whichB. thatC. asD. where39. Everyone has periods in their lives ______ everything seems very hard.A. whenB. whereC. whichD. that40. They’ve won their last three matches, ______ I find a bit surprising.A. thatB. whenC. whatD. which41. Have you ever had a case __ someone charged your journalists with going the wrong end of the sick?A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when42. The house I grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an officebuilding.A. in itB. inC. in thatD. in which43. Madam Curie, for ________ life had once been very hard, was successful later.A. whomB. whichC. whoseD. that44. — Do you have anything to say for yourselves?— Yes, there is one point ________ we must insist on.A. whyB. whereC. howD. /45. ________ his homework, he went to play basketball.A. As soon as he finishesB. On finishingC. The moment he had finishedD. Upon he finished46. He may win the first prize in the national competition, ______ he is likely to be admitted to PekingUniversity.A. in which caseB. in that caseC. in what caseD. in whose case47. ______ wants to go rafting this weekend, raise your hands, please.A. Anyone who B Those who C. Anyone D. Who48. He made friends with a man last year, ______ he thought was of great importance to his future.A. whomB. thatC. whoD. which49. The city was attacked by ______ terrible weather ______ few citizens had ever experienced before.A. so; asB. so; thatC. such; thatD. such; as50. — Where did you find the wallet I lost yesterday?— It was on the playground ______ we played basketball.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when 第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)For most people, getting a car opens up a new world of freedom and allows youto go wherever you want and whenever you want. Getting a car did 51 these for me, and it also brought my best friend and me 52 . But then it tore us apart (分开).My best friend lives three minutes from my 53 . Since her 54 is in late summer, seven months behind mine, I seemed to become her 55 when I turned 16 in December.And so I 56 her up for school and took her home. We made ice-cream 57 , went shopping and to the movies — all in my car. I would drive to her house just to sit on her bed, read magazines and have a good laugh. I went to her house so 58 that she gave me a key 59 her house.A week after I began to drive, she was with me 60 I had my first accident. She was there and 61 me and we kept it a 62 , since I didn’t want people to 63 . From then on, through thick and thin(患难与共), it was just me, my car and my best friend.High school is a time of 64 , but I couldn’t 65 for a long time how we became so distant. Finally, my friend 66 her dream car. With its 67 , the passenger seat of my car became 68 . Our car trips became less frequent until I didn’t 69 drive down her street.It’s funny how a car can change a relationship so much. I had wanted her to get a car, but once she did, I 70 it. I wanted her friendship back, even if it couldn’t be the same.51. A. some B. all C. none D. any52. A. luckier B. farther C. closer D. happier53. A. neighbor B. home C. office D. school54. A. birthday B. course C. holiday D. job55. A. follower B. driver C. guide D. partner56. A. called B. hurried C. picked D. woke57. A. plans B. parties C. classes D.trips58. A. frequently B. secretly C. happily D. suddenly59. A. on B. to C. in D. for60. A. while B. but C. after D. when61. A. comforted B. saved C. suggested D. advised62. A. pride B. secret C. joke D. favorite63. A. see B. help C. know D. laugh64. A. disappointment B. excitement C. change D. friendship65. A. understand B. answer C. imagine D. believe66. A. lost B. got C. found D. sold67. A. return B. dream C. arrival D. beauty68. A. different B. crowded C. empty D. broken69. A. even B. still C. ever D. again70. A. regretted B. lost C. received D. enjoyed第三部分阅读理解(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)ASpotlight at Salem Academy and CollegeAcademic Camp: Creative Writing, Environmental Education/ Science, Language Camp Address500 Salem AvenueWinston-Salem, North Carolina 27101USA(800) 833-1753Salem spotlight is designed to arouse(激发)intellectual curiosity with emphasis (强调)on the experience and development of the individual… (more) Get more information about Spotlight at Salem Academy and CollegeCaribbean Summer Sea CampAcademic Camp: Environmental Education/ ScienceCamp Address Off-Season AddressBox 37 North Coast Road PO Box 1461Little Cayman, BWI Princeton, New JerseyCayman Islands 08542(345) 948-1094 USA(609) 933-4559The Caribbean Summer Sea Camp is a one-week adventure on Little Cayman Island. Campers dive or snorkel(使用呼吸管潜水)to explore the wonders of coral reefs, and view the diverse life in the sea around the island.Coastal Camp at Headlands InstituteAcademic Camp: Environmental Education/ ScienceCamp AddressBldg. 1033 Golden Gate National Recreation AreaSausalito, California 94965USA(415) 332-6961The Coastal Camp at Headlands Institute combines marine and coastal ecology themes with hands-on educational games and exciting opportunities for discovery in the great outdoors. By promoting environmental work, Coastal Camp allows kids to become responsible earth citizens.Swift Nature CampAcademic Camp: Environmental Education/ ScienceCamp Address Off-Season AddressW7471 Ernie Swift Rd 25 BaybrookMinong, Wisconsin 54859 Oak Brook, IllinoisUSA 60523(715) 466-5666 USA(630) 654-8036Located in the Northwoods of Wisconsin on a 1,500-acre lake, this small camp offers hands-on nature studies. Self accomplishment is promoted while competitiontakes a back seat: Horses, Swimming, Scuba, Skiing, Sailing, Canoeing, Arts & Crafts and much more.71. Alice, a girl of 10, hopes to learn more about ecology by playing games. Which telephone numbershould she dial?A. (800) 833-1753B. (415) 332-6961C. (345) 948-1094D. (715) 466-566672. The passage is most probably taken from _________.A. a magazineB. a newspaperC. a travel bookD. a websiteBHave you ever noticed what happens to an idea once you express it? Just talking about it or writing it down causes you to make it clear in your own mind. How can you use this to increase your brain power? Start writing.By putting thoughts into words, you are telling yourself the logic behind what you think, feel, or only partly understand. Often, explaining a thought is the process of understanding. In other words, you increase your brain power by exercising your “explaining power”.Try this experiment. Explain how you’ll increase your brain power, even if you have no idea how right now. Just start with anything, and create an explanation. For example, start with “I’ll learn chess” or “I’ll read an article on the mind every week.”Explain how that will help. You’ll be surprised how often this becomes a workable plan, and if you actually do this, you’ll have a better understanding of your brain twenty minutes from now.Another benefit of writing is that it helps you remember. Many, if not most, highly productive(多产的)people are always taking notes. You can try keeping things all in your head, but if you keep a journal(日志)of your ideas next time you’re working on a big project, you’ll probably have more success.Want to understand a topic? Write a book about it. That’s an extreme example, but if you are learning something new, write a letter to a friend about it, and you will understand it better. Want to invent something? Write an explanation of the problem — why you want to solve it, and why it is worth solving, and you’re halfway there.Writers don’t always write because they clearly understand something beforehand. Often, they write about something because they want to understand it. You can do the same. Writing will help bring you to all understanding. Give it a try.73. According to the text, writing can help you a lot in the following ways EXCEPT _______.A. developing your interest in studyB. understanding a topic betterC. increasing your brain powerD. increasing your ability to remember74. The underlined sentence “You’re hallway there” in the sixth paragraph implies that ________.A. you still need to work hardB. writing can help you walk halfwayC. writing is important to solve problemD. you are almost successful75. What’s the main purpose of the writer writing the text?A. To advise reader to become writers.B. To incre ase readers’ brain power.C. To explain the importance of writing.D. To advise readers to start their writing.第四部分:根据文章内容或首字母提示填空, 每空一词。
【全国百强校】江苏省启东中学2016-2017学年高一上学期第一次月考英语试题(解析版)
江苏省启东中学2016-2017学年高一上学期第一次月考英语试题第I卷(选择题)第一节:单项选择(共30小题;每小题1分,满分30分)1.In ________ eyes of children, playing on the Internet can only bring them ________great fun.A.the;aB.不填;aC.the;不填D.不填;不填【答案】C【解析】考查冠词。
第一个空特指孩子们的眼睛,所以用the;fun是不可数名词,且此处表示泛指,所以第二个空不填。
故选C。
2.Finding information in today’s world is easy.The________is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.A.knowledgeB.abilitypetitionD.challenge【答案】D【解析】句意为:当今世界找信息很容易,但困难的事是你如何辨别你所获得的信息是否有用。
A.知识;B.能力;C.竞赛。
challenge挑战,艰巨任务。
又如:She likes her job to be a challenge.她喜欢艰巨的工作。
答案为D项。
3.— Waiter, $ 20 for dinner, right?—I’m afraid $ 25, sir, for drinks are ______.A.extraB.freeC.highD.spare【答案】A【解析】考查形容词。
-服务生,一顿饭20元,对?-恐怕需要25元,因为饮料是额外(付费)的(extra)。
4.Living in the dormitory means to take care of yourself, understand each other’s difference and share interests.A.to learn; commonB.learning; ordinaryC.to learn; ordinaryD.learning; common【答案】D【解析】句意:住在宿舍意味着要学会照顾自己,理解彼此的差异,分享共同的兴趣爱好。
江苏省启东中学高三数学上学期第一次月考试题 文(无答
江苏省启东中学2016-2017学年度第一学期第一次月考高三(文科)数学试卷2016.10一、填空题:本大题共14小题,每小题5分,共70分.请把答案直接填写在答题卡相应位置上......... 1.已知{}20,1,x x ∈,则实数x 的值是 ▲ .2.将函数sin(2)16y x π=--的图像向左平移4π个单位,再向上平移1个单位,所得图像的函数解析式为 ▲ .3.在等比数列{a n }中,a 2=3,a 5=81,则a n = ▲ .4.已知集合A={}5x x >,集合B={}x x a >,若命题“x A ∈ ”是命题“x B ∈ ”充分不必要条件,则实数a 的取值范围是 ▲ .5.已知α为锐角,且tan (π-α)+3=0,则sin α的值是 ▲ .6.已知ABC ∆中,角A B C ,,的对边分别为a b c ,,,且22265tan acB a c b =+-,则sinB 的值是 ▲ .7.在等差数列{}n a 中,31=a ,58115a a =,则前n 项和S n 的最大值为 ▲ .8.设α为锐角,若3sin()65πα+=,则cos(2)6πα-= ▲ .9.设0a >,若a n =6(3)3,7,7n a n n a n ---≤⎧⎨>⎩且数列{n a }是递增数列,则实数a 的取值范围是 ▲ . 10.如图,在直角梯形ABCD 中,AB ∥CD ,90ADC ∠=︒,AB = 3, AD = 2,E 为BC 中点,若→AB ·→AC = 3,则→AE ·→BC = ▲ .(第10题)AD CEBA BPC(第13题)11.已知函数)(x f 在定义域]3,2[a -上是偶函数,在]3,0[上单调递减,并且)22()5(22-+->--m m f am f ,则m 的取值范围是 ▲ .12.若曲线ln y a x =与曲线212y x e =在它们的公共点(),P s t 处具有公共切线,则ts= ▲ .13.如图,在APC ∆中,点BPC 是AC 中点,AC=2,︒=∠︒=∠45,90BPC APB ,则PC PA ⋅= ▲ .14.设函数()(21)xf x e x ax a =--+,其中1a <,若存在唯一的整数0x ,使得0()0f x <,则a 的取值范围是 ▲ .二、解答题:本大题共6小题,共90分.请在答题卡指定区域.......内作答. 解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.15.(本小题满分14分)在ABC ∆中,三个内角分别为A,B,C ,已知sin(A )2cosA 6π+=.(1)求角A 的值;(2)若(0,)3B π∈,且4cos()5A B -=,求sinB .16. (本小题满分14分)在△ABC 中,角A ,B ,C 的对边分别为a ,b ,c ,cos C =310.(1) 若CB →·CA →=92,求边c 的最小值;(2) 设向量x =(2sin B ,-3),y =⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫cos2B ,1-2sin 2B 2,且x∥y ,求sin(B -A)的值.17. (本小题满分14分)已知函数12()2x x mf x n+-+=+(其中,m n 为参数).(1)当1m n ==时,证明:()f x 不是奇函数; (2)如果()f x 是奇函数,求实数,m n 的值;(3)已知0,0m n >>,在(2)的条件下,求不等式1(())()04f f x f +<的解集.18.(本小题满分16分)如图,某广场中间有一块边长为2百米的菱形状绿化区ABCD ,其中BMN 是半径为1百米的扇形,3π2=∠ABC .管理部门欲在该地从M 到D 修建一条小路:在弧MN 上选一点P (异于M 、N 两点),过点P 修建与BC 平行的小路PQ .问:点P 选择在何处时,才能使得修建的小路»MP与PQ 及QD 的总长最小?并说明理由.PDQCNBAM(第18题)19.(本小题满分16分)已知正项数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ,且满足a 1=2,a n a n +1=2(S n +1) (*n ∈N ).(1)求2017a 的值;(2)求数列{a n }的通项公式; (3)若数列{b n }满足b 1=1,11n n n n nb a a a a --=+(2n ≥,*n ∈N ),求{b n }的前n 项和T n ;20. (本小题满分16分)已知函数()212f x x =,()lng x a x =.(1)若曲线()()y f x g x =-在1x =处的切线的方程为6250x y --=,求实数a 的值; (2)设()()()h x f x g x =+,若对任意两个不等的正数12x x ,,都有()()12122h x h x x x ->-恒成立,求实数a 的取值范围;(3)若在[]1,e 上存在一点0x ,使得()()()()00001f x g x g x f x ''+<-'成立,求实数a 的取值范围.。
2016届江苏省启东中学高三上学期第一次月考数学试题(解析版)
2016届江苏省启东中学高三上学期第一次月考数学试题及解析一、填空题1.已知集合{}1,2,4A =,{}|(1)(3)0B x x x =--≤,则A B = .【答案】{}1,2【解析】试题分析:由已知{|13}B x x =≤≤,所以{1,2}A B =.【考点】集合的运算.2.命题“[0,)x ∃∈+∞,23x >”的否定是 . 【答案】[0,)x ∀∈+∞,23x ≤【解析】试题分析:命题“[0,)x ∃∈+∞,23x >”的否定是“[0,)x ∀∈+∞,23x ≤” 【考点】命题的否定.3.在3和243中间插入3个实数1a ,2a ,3a ,使这5个数成等比数列,则2a = . 【答案】27【解析】试题分析:222324327a =⨯=,又2a 与2,243同号,所以227a =.【考点】等比数列的性质. 4.已知7sin cos 13αα+=-,π(,0)2α∈-,则tan α= . 【答案】125-【解析】试题分析:由7sin cos 13αα+=-得249(sin cos )169αα+=,所以60sin cos 169αα=-,因为(,0)2πα∈-,所以sin 0,cos 0αα<>,由7sin cos 1360sin cos 169αααα⎧+=-⎪⎪⎨⎪=-⎪⎩得12sin 135cos 13αα⎧=-⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩,所以sin 12tan cos 5ααα==-. 【考点】同角间的三角函数关系.5.函数()ln 23x f x x =+-在区间(1,2)上的零点个数为 . 【答案】1【解析】试题分析:函数()ln 23xf x x =+-是(0,)+∞上的增函数,又1(1)ln12310f =+-=-<,2(2)ln 223ln 210f =+-=+>,所以()f x 在(1,2)上有且只有一个零点. 【考点】函数的零点.6.已知定义在R 上的函数2()23f x ax x =++的值域为[2,)+∞,则()f x 的单调增区间为 .【答案】[1,)-+∞((1,)-+∞也对)【解析】试题分析:由已知012424a a a>⎧⎪-⎨=⎪⎩,解得1a =,22()23(1)2f x x x x =++=++,所以其增区间为[1,)-+∞. 【考点】二次函数的性质.7.函数3()812f x x x =+-在区间[33]-,上的最大值与最小值之和是 . 【答案】16【解析】试题分析:设在区间[3,3]-上()f x 的最大值为M ,最小值为m ,再设()()8g x f x =-,()g x 的最大值为8M -,最小值为8m -,又3()12g x x x =-是奇函数,所以在区间[3,3]-上max min ()()0g x g x +=,即(8)(8)0M m -+-=,16M m +=.【考点】函数的奇偶性.8.等差数列{}n a 的前m 项的和为30,前2m 项的和为100,求它的前3m 项的和为 .【答案】210【解析】试题分析:因为{}n a 是等差数列,所以232,,m m m m m S S S S S --也成等差数列,即2322()()m m m m m S S S S S -=+-,所以323()3(10030)210m m m S S S =-=⨯-=. 【考点】等差数列的性质. 9.若α、β均为锐角,且1cos 17α=,47cos()51αβ+=-,则cos β= . 【答案】13【解析】试题分析:由于αβ、都是锐角,所以αβ+∈(0,)π,又1cos 17α=,47cos()51αβ+=-,所以sin 17α=,sin()51αβ+=,cos cos[()]βαβα=+-cos()cos sin()sin αβααβα=+++4715117=-⨯+5117⨯13=. 【考点】两角和与差的余弦公式.【名师点睛】三角函数的给值求值,关键是把待求角用已知角表示: (1)已知角为两个时,待求角一般表示为已知角的和或差.(2)已知角为一个时,待求角一般与已知角成“倍”的关系或“互余互补”的关系. (3)在求值的过程中“拼凑角”对求值往往起到“峰回路转”的效果.通过适当地拆角、凑角来利用所给条件.常见的变角技巧有2αβ+=2βα⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭-2αβ⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭,α=(α-β)+β,4π+α=2π-4πα⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭,15°=45°-30°等. 10.函数()y f x =是R 上的奇函数,满足()()33f x f x +=-,当(0,3)x ∈时,()2x f x =,则(5)f -= .【答案】2-【解析】试题分析:由题意1(5)(32)(32)(1)22f f f f =+=-===,又()f x 是奇函数,所以(5)(5)2f f -=-=-.【考点】函数的奇偶性.11.如果若干个函数的图象经过平移后能够重合,则称这些函数为“互为生成”函数,给出下列函数:(1)1()sin cos f x x x =+;(2)2()f x x =;(3)3()cos )f x x x =+;(4)4()sin f x x =;(5)5()2cos (sin cos )222x x xf x =+,其中“互为生成”函数的有 .(请填写序号)【答案】(1)(2)(5)【解析】试题分析:1())4f x x π=+,3()2sin()4f x x π=+,5()sin cos 1)14f x x x x π=++=++,其中(1)(2)(5)都可以由y x =平移得到,它们是“互为生成”函数,(3)(4)不能由y x =平移得到,相互也不能平移得到,故填(1)(2)⑷. 【考点】函数图象的平移.12.已知ABC ∆是单位圆O 的内接三角形,AD 是圆的直径,若满足2AB AD AC AD BC ⋅+⋅=,则||BC = .【答案】2【解析】试题分析:因为AD 直径,所以2ABD ACD π∠=∠=,所以2AB AD AB ⋅=,2AC AD AC ⋅=,所以222AB AC BC +=,即2BAC π∠=,BC 直径,所以2BC =.【考点】向量的数量积. 13.已知直线l 与曲线1y x=-和曲线ln y x =均相切,则这样的直线l 的条数为 . 【答案】1【解析】试题分析:设1()ln f x x x =+,22111'()x f x x x x-=-=,当01x <<时,'()0f x <,()f x 单调递减,当1x >时,'()0f x >,()f x 单调递增,1x =时,()f x 取得极小值也是最小值(1)ln1110f =+=>,所以1ln 0x x +>恒成立,即1ln x x>-,因此设公直线l 与曲线1y x =-相切于点11(,)A x y ,与曲线ln y x =相切于点22(,)B x y ,必有10x <,1y x =-的导数为21'y x =,ln y x =的导数是1'y x=,由题意212212112111ln 1x x x x x x x ⎧=⎪⎪⎪⎨--⎪⎪=-⎪⎩,211221111ln 1x x x x x +⇒=-,1112ln()20x x x ⇒--+=,记()2ln()2g x x x x =--+,'()2ln()1g x x =-+,令'()0g x =,则12x e -=-,当12x e -<-时,'()0g x >,()g x 单调递增,当120ex --<<时,'()0g x <,()g x 单调递减,1122max ()()2(1)0g x g e e --=-=+>,又22()320g e e -=-+<,lim[2ln()2]20x x x x →---+=>,所以()0g x =只有一解,即1112ln()20x x x --+=只有一解,所以两曲线的切线只有一条.【考点】导数的几何意义,导数与函数的单调性.【名师点睛】1.求过点P 的曲线的切线方程的步骤为: 第一步,设出切点坐标P ′(x 1,f (x 1)); 第二步,写出过P ′(x 1,f (x 1))的切线方程为y -f (x 1)=f ′(x 1)(x -x 1); 第三步,将点P 的坐标(x 0,y 0)代入切线方程,求出x 1; 第四步,将x 1的值代入方程y -f (x 1)=f ′(x 1)(x -x 1),可得过点P (x 0,y 0)的切线方程.2.判断函数y =f (x )零点个数的常用方法:(1)直接法:令f (x )=0,则方程实根的个数就是函数零点的个数.(2)零点存在性定理法:判断函数在区间[a ,b]上是连续不断的曲线,且f (a )·f (b )<0,再结合函数的图象与性质(如单调性、奇偶性、周期性、对称性)可确定函数的零点个数.(3)数形结合法:转化为两个函数的图象的交点个数问题.画出两个函数的图象,其交点的个数就是函数零点的个数.在一个区间上单调的函数在该区间内至多只有一个零点,在确定函数零点的唯一性时往往要利用函数的单调性,确定函数零点所在区间主要利用函数零点存在定理,有时可结合函数的图象辅助解题. 14.已知数列{}n a 满足11a =,且111n n a a n +=++,*n ∈N ,则201420151()k k k aa =-=∑ .【答案】20291052【解析】试题分析:由已知1211111112n n n a a a n n nn--=+=++==+++-,2015111()()122015k k a a k k k -=+++++, 123201422222k =++++++20291052=. 【考点】数列求和.【名师点睛】 数列求和的方法:(1)一般的数列求和,应从通项入手,若无通项,先求通项,然后通过对通项变形,转化为与特殊数列有关或具备某种方法适用特点的形式,从而选择合适的方法求和. (2)解决非等差、等比数列的求和,主要有两种思路:①转化的思想,即将一般数列设法转化为等差或等比数列,这一思想方法往往通过通项分解或错位相减来完成.②不能转化为等差或等比数列的数列,往往通过裂项相消法、错位相减法、倒序相加法等来求和. 二、解答题15. 已知集合{}||21|3A x x =-<,{}2|(2)20B x x a x a =-++≤. (1)若1a =,求A B ;(2)若A B A =,求实数a 的取值范围. 【答案】(1)[1,2);(2)(,1]-∞.【解析】试题分析:先把集合,A B 化简,(1,2)A =-,(1)当1a =时,[1,2]B =,易得AB ;(2)题设条件A B A =说明A B ⊆,此时求集合B ,需分类讨论,分成2,2,2a a a <=>三类,分别求得a 的范围. 试题解析:由题意知,(1,2)A =-; (1)当1a =时,[1,2]B =, [1,2)A B ∴=; (2)A B A =,A B ∴⊆;①当2a =时,{}2B =,不符合题意;②当2a <时,[,2]B a =,由A B ⊆得:1a -≤; ③当2a >时,[2,]B a =,此时A B ⊄,不符合题意; 综上所述,实数a 的取值范围为(,1]-∞-. 【考点】集合的运算,集合的关系.16.已知ABC ∆中,角A 、B 、C 所对的边分别为a 、b 、c ,满足sin sin sin sin b a B Cc B A--=+. (1)求角A 的值;(2)若a ,c ,b 成等差数列,试判断ABC ∆的形状. 【答案】(1)3A π=;(2)等边三角形.【解析】试题分析:(1)题中已知条件sin sin sin sin b a B Cc B A--=+是边角关系,为了求角A ,我们应用正弦定理把它化为边的关系或者角的关系,本题化为边的关系后,可用余弦定理求得A 角;(2)判断三角形形状,由已知2c a b =+,再结合(1)222a b c bc =+-,消去a ,可得b c =,从而ABC ∆为等边三角形.试题解析:(1)由正弦定理,得:b a b cc b a--=+,整理,得:222a b c bc =+-,由余弦定理,得:1cos 2A =,A 是ABC ∆的内角,π3A ∴=; (2)a ,c ,b 成等差数列,2c a b ∴=+,由(1)可知,222a b c bc =+-,222(2)c b b c bc ∴-=+-,整理,得:2330c bc -=,由0c >,得b c =,a b c ∴==, ∴ABC ∆是等边三角形.(注:本题第二小问可以用角的化简来处理)【考点】正弦定理,余弦定理,三角形形状的判断. 【名师点睛】判定三角形形状的两种常用途径:(1)通过正弦定理和余弦定理,化边为角,利用三角变换得出三角形内角之间的关系进行判断.(2)利用正弦定理、余弦定理,化角为边,通过代数恒等变换,求出边与边之间的关系进行判断.提醒:在判断三角形形状时一定要注意解是否唯一,并注重挖掘隐含条件.另外,在变形过程中要注意角A ,B ,C 的范围对三角函数值的影响.17.已知向量a ,b ,c 满足0a b c ++=,且a 与b 的夹角等于150︒,b 与c 的夹角等于120︒,||2c =,求||a ,||b . 【答案】||23a =,||4b =.【解析】试题分析:要求||a ,||b ,就要列出关于||a ,||b 的方程组,观察已知条件a 与b 的夹角等于150︒,b 与c 的夹角等于120︒,即为cos150a b a b ⋅=︒,cos120b c b c ⋅=︒,因此把0a b c ++=分别变发为a b c +=-,和b c a +=-,平方后可达到要求.试题解析:由0a b c ++=得:22222222a b c a b a b cb c a b c b c a ⎧⎧+=-++⋅=⎪⎪⇒⎨⎨+=-++⋅=⎪⎪⎩⎩, 2222||||2||||cos1504||422||cos120||a b a b b b a ︒︒⎧++=⎪∴⎨++⋅⋅=⎪⎩, 解之,得:||23a =,||4b =.(注:本题可先判断a c ⊥,或利用平行四边形法则或三角形法则来做) 【考点】向量的数量积.18.设n S 是等比数列{}n a 的前n 项和,3S ,9S ,6S 成等差数列. (1)设此等比数列的公比为q ,求3q 的值;(2)问:数列中是否存在不同的三项m a ,n a ,p a 成等差数列?若存在,求出m ,n ,p 满足的条件;若不存在,请说明理由. 【答案】(1)312q =-;(2)存在不同的三项1a ,7a ,4a 成等差数列. 【解析】试题分析:(1)本题要求3q 值,已知是9362S S S ∴=+,我们借助n S 的最基本形态12n n S a a a =+++,有19123162()()()a a a a a a a ++=+++++,化简即得7894562()()0a a a a a a +++++=,而3789456()0a a a q a a a ++=++≠,由此可得3q ;(2)数列中的探索性命题,如果是肯定性结论,本题只要能找到三项,成等差数列即可,如果是否定性结论,则必须证明.具体找三项时,可写出数列{}n a 中连续一些项,从中观察寻找. 试题解析:(1)3S ,9S ,6S 成等差数列,9362S S S ∴=+,∴9693()()0S S S S -+-=,即789789456()()()0a a a a a a a a a ++++++++=,34564562()()0q a a a a a a ∴+++++=, 24564(1)0a a a a q q ++=++≠,312q ∴=-;(2)存在不同的三项1a ,7a ,4a 成等差数列. 671114a a q a ==,341112a a q a ==-,7142a a a ∴=+;一般地,当6n m =+,且3p m =+时,有m a ,n a ,p a 成等差数列.(注:若利用等比数列求和公式,则必须讨论公比q 是否等于1,不讨论者扣3分) 【考点】等比数列与等差数列的性质.19.已知各项均为正数的数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,满足:2*11,2,n n n S ka ta n n -+=-∈N ≥(其中,k t 为常数). (1)若12k =,14t =,数列{}n a 是等差数列,求1a 的值; (2)若数列{}n a 是等比数列,求证:k t <.【答案】(1)11a =+;(2)证明见解析.【解析】试题分析:(1)已知条件是2111124n n n S a a -+=-,这种问题一般都是再写一次即21111124n n n S a a +++=-,两式相减变形后可得12n n a a +-=,注意这里有2n ≥,但由于数列{}n a 是等差数列,因此也有212a a -=,代入已知212211124a a a +=-可求得1a ;(2)与(1)相同方法得2211(2)n n n n n a ka ka ta ta n +++-=-≥,由数列{}n a 是等比数列,可设1n n a qa +=,代入化简得2(1)1(2)n t q a kq k n ∴-=-+≥,下面对此式分析,首先0q >,1q ≠,{}n a 不是常数列,这样此式对2n ≥恒成立,必有0t =,恒等式变为10kq k -+=,不能得出什么有用结论,回到已知条件,已知变为11n n S ka -∴+=-,此式中,10,0n n a S ->>,那么只能有0k <,命题得证. 试题解析:(1)由题意知,21111(*)24n n n S a a -+=-,21111124n n n S a a ++∴+=-, 两式相减,得:22111111(2)2244n n n n n a a a a a n +++-=-≥, 整理,得:11()(2)0(2)n n n n a a a a n +++--=≥, 0n a >,12(2)n n a a n +∴-=≥,数列{}n a 是等差数列,212a a ∴-=,由(*)得:212211124a a a +=-,11a ∴=10a >,11a =+;(2)由211n n n S ka ta -+=-得2111n n n S ka ta +++=-,两式相减,得:2211(2)n n n n n a ka ka ta ta n +++-=-≥,设等比数列{}n a 的公比为q ,∴222n n n n n a kqa ka tq a ta +-=-,2(1)1(2)n t q a kq k n ∴-=-+≥,由已知,可知0q >,∴1q ≠,{}n a 不是常数列,0t ∴=;11n n S ka -∴+=-,而0n a >且10n S ->,0k ∴<,k t ∴<.【考点】等差数列与等比数列的定义.20.已知函数()=e x f x (其中e 是自然对数的底数),2()1g x x ax =++,a ∈R . (1)记函数()()()F x f x g x =⋅,当0a >时,求()F x 的单调区间;(2)若对于任意的1x ,2[0,2]x ∈,12x x ≠,均有1212|()()||()()|f x f x g x g x ->-成立,求实数a 的取值范围. 【答案】(1)单调增区间为:(,1)a -∞--,(1,)-+∞,减区间为(1,1)a ---;(2)[1,22ln 2]--.【解析】试题分析:(1)求单调区间的方法是求出'()0F x =的解1,1a ---,确定'()0F x >(或'()0F x <)的取值区间,即函数的单调区间,此可用列表方法得出(同时可得出极值);(2)本小题不等式1212|()()||()()|f x f x g x g x ->-或有绝对值符号,有两个参数12,x x ,由于函数()f x 是增函数,因此设1202x x ≤<≤,则有12()()f x f x <,原问题等价于121221()()()()()()f x f x g x g x f x f x -<-<-恒成立,分两个问题,1212()()()()f x f x g x g x -<-恒成立和1221()()()()g x g x f x f x -<-恒成立,前面转化为1122()()()()f x g x f x g x -<-,可以考虑函数()()f x g x -在[0,2]上是单调递增的,后面一个转化为1122()()()()f x g x f x g x +<+,可以考虑函数()()f x g x +在[0,2]上是单调递增的.试题解析:(1)2()()()e (1)x F x f x g x x ax =⋅=++,()e (1)(+1)0x F x x x a '∴=++= , 得1x =-或1x a =--, 列表如下:(,)(2)设12x x <,()e x f x =是单调增函数,12()()f x f x ∴<,2112121221()()|()()|()()()()()()f x f x g x g x f x f x g x g x f x f x ∴->-⇒-<-<-;①由1212()()()()f x f x g x g x -<-得:1122()()()()f x g x f x g x -<-, 即函数2()()e 1x y f x g x x ax =-=---在[0,2]上单调递增,()()e 20x y f x g x x a '''∴=-=--≥在[0,2]上恒成立, e 2x a x ∴-≤在[0,2]上恒成立;令()e 2x h x x =-,()e 20ln 2x h x x '∴=-=⇒=,∴[0,ln 2)x ∈时,()0h x '<;(ln 2,2]x ∈时,()0h x '>;ln 2min ()(ln 2)e 2ln 222ln 2h x h ∴==-=-, 22ln2a ∴-≤;②由1221()()()()g x g x f x f x -<-得:1122()()()()g x f x f x g x +<+, 即函数2()()e 1x y f x g x x ax =+=+++在[0,2]上单调递增,()()e 20x y f x g x x a '''∴=+=++≥在[0,2]上恒成立, e 2x a x ∴--≥在[0,2]上恒成立;函数e 2x y x =--在[0,2]上单调递减,∴当0x =时,0max e 201y =--⋅=-, 1a ∴≥-,综上所述,实数a 的取值范围为[1,22ln 2]--.【考点】导数与函数的单调性,不等式恒成立问题. 【名师点睛】1.用导数研究函数的单调性:(1)求函数f (x )单调区间的方法是,通过解不等式f ′(x )>0(或f ′(x )<0)直接得到单调递增(或递减)区间.(2)导数法证明函数f (x )在(a ,b )内的单调性的步骤: ①求f ′(x ).②确认f ′(x )在(a ,b )内的符号.③得出结论:f ′(x )>0时为增函数;f ′(x )<0时为减函数.2.不等式恒成立问题,一般通过转化与化归思想,转化为用导数求函数的最值,研究函数的单调性,这类问题比较复杂,考查学生的分析问题解决问题的能力,考查计算推理能力.。
江苏省南通市启东中学2016-2017学年高一上学期第一次月考物理试卷(创新班) 含解析
2016-2017学年江苏省南通市启东中学高一(上)第一次月考物理试卷(创新班)一、单项选择题1.一只普通的家用照明白炽灯正常发光时,通过它的电流强度值与下列哪一数值较为接近()A.20A B.2A C.0.2A D.0。
02A2.关于电流,下列说法中哪些是正确的()A.通电导线中自由电子定向移动的速率等于电流的传导速率B.金属导线中电子运动的速率越大,导线中的电流就越大C.电流是一个矢量,其方向就是正电荷定向移动的方向D.国际单位制中,电流是一个基本物理量,其单位“安培”是基本单位3.电源的电动势为2V,表明了电源具有这样的本领()A.能够把2J的其它形式的能转化为电能的本领B.在每秒钟内能把2J的其它形式的能转化为电能的本领C.能使每库的电量具有2J的电能D.在每秒内能使每库仑的电量有2J的电能4.有关电阻率的叙述中错误的是()A.当温度极低时超导材料的电阻率会突然减小到零B.平时用的导线是由电阻率较小的铝、铜材料做成的C.材料的电阻率取决于导体的电阻、截面积和长度D.材料的电阻率会随温度的变化而变化5.两个电阻R1=8Ω,R2=2Ω并联在电路中,欲使两个电阻消耗的电功率相等,可行的办法是()A.用一个阻值为2Ω的电阻与R2串联B.用一个阻值来6Ω的电阻与R2串联C.用一个阻值为6Ω的电阻与R1串联D.用一个阻值为2Ω的电阻与R1串联6.如图所示电路中,六个电阻的阻值均相同,由于对称性,电阻R2上无电流流过.已知电阻R6所消耗的电功率为1W,则六个电阻所消耗的总功率为()A.6W B.5W C.3W D.2W7.如图所示为多用表欧姆挡的原理示意图,其中电流表的满偏电流为300μA,内阻r g=100Ω,调零电阻最大阻值R=50kΩ,串联的固定电阻R0=50Ω,电池电动势E=1。
5V,用它测量电阻Rx,能准确测量的阻值范围是()A.30kΩ~80kΩB.3kΩ~8kΩC.300kΩ~800kΩD.3000kΩ~8000kΩ8.如图所示电路中,安培表和伏特表的示数分别为10mA和2V,伏特表的内阻为1000Ω.则待测电阻R x的真实值为()A.150ΩB.200Ω C.250Ω D.300Ω二、多项选择题9.如图所示,直线A为电源的U﹣I图线,直线B是为电阻的U﹣I图线,用该电源和该电阻组成闭合电路时,电源的输出功率和电源的效率分别是()A.电源的输出功率为4W B.电源的输出功率为2WC.电源的效率为33.3% D.电源的效率为67%10.如图所示是一个由电池、电阻R与平行板电容器组成的串联电路,在增大电容器两板间距离的过程中()A.电阻R中没有电流B.电容器的电容变小C.电阻R中有从a流向b的电流D.电阻R中有从b流向a的电流11.如图所示是一电路板的示意图,a、b、c、d为接线柱,a、d与220V的交流电源连接,ab间、bc间、cd间分别连接一个电阻.发现电路中没有电流,为检查电路故障,用一交流电压表分别测得b、d两点间以及a、c两点间的电压均为220V,由此可知()A.ab间电路通,cd间电路不通B.ab间电路不通,bc间电路通C.ab间电路通,bc间电路不通D.bc间电路不通,cd间电路通12.如图所示,闭合开关S并调节滑动变阻器滑片P的位置,使A、B、C三灯亮度相同.若继续将P向下移动,则三灯亮度变化情况为()A.A灯变亮 B.B灯变亮C.A灯最亮 D.C灯最亮三、实验题13.某实验小组要测量电阻R x的阻值.(1)首先,选用欧姆表“×10"挡进行粗测,正确操作后,表盘指针如图甲所示,则该电阻的测量值为Ω.(2)接着,用伏安法测量该电阻的阻值,可选用的实验器材有:电压表V(3V,内阻约3kΩ); 电流表A(20mA,内阻约2Ω);待测电阻R x;滑动变阻器R1(0﹣2kΩ);滑动变阻器R2(0﹣200Ω);干电池2节;开关、导线若干.在图乙、图丙电路中,应选用图(选填“乙”或“丙")作为测量电路,滑动变阻器应选用(选填“R1”或“R2”).(3)根据选择的电路和器材,在图丁中用笔画线代替导线完成测量电路的连接.14.某实验小组利用如图1所示的电路测量一节干电池的电动势和内电阻.现有的实验器材为:A.待测干电池(电动势约为1。
江苏省南通市启东中学2016-2017学年高二上学期第一次月考物理试卷() 含解析
2016-2017学年江苏省南通市启东中学高二(上)第一次月考物理试卷(选修)一、单项选择题(本题共5小题,每小题3分,共15分,每题只有一个选项是正确的)1.关于磁感应强度B=,下列说法正确的是()A.电流元IL在磁场中受力为F,则磁感应强度B一定等于B.磁感应强度大小与电流元IL的乘积成反比,与F成正比C.磁感应强度方向与电流元IL在此点的受力方向相同D.磁感强度大小是由磁场本身因素决定的,而与有无检验电流无关2.用两个相同的小量程电流表,分别改装成了两个量程不同的大量程电流表A1、A2,若把A1、A2分别采用并联或串联的方式接入电路,如图所示,则闭合电键后,下列有关电表的示数和电表指针偏转角度的说法正确的是()A.图甲中的A1、A2的示数相同B.图甲中的A1、A2的指针偏角相同C.图乙中的A1、A2的示数和偏角都不同D.图乙中的A1、A2的指针偏角相同3.如图所示,用绝缘细线悬挂一个导线框,导线框是由两同心半圆弧导线和直导线ab、cd (ab、cd在同一条水平直线上)连接而成的闭合回路,导线框中通有图示方向的电流,处于静止状态.在半圆弧导线的圆心处沿垂直于导线框平面的方向放置一根长直导线P.当P中通以方向向外的电流时()A.导线框将向左摆动B.导线框将向右摆动C.从上往下看,导线框将顺时针转动D.从上往下看,导线框将逆时针转动4.电动势为E、内阻为r的电源与定值电阻R1、R2及滑动变阻器R连接成如图所示的电路,当滑动变阻器的滑片由中点滑向a端时,下列说法正确的是()A.电压表和电流表读数都增大B.电压表和电流表读数都减小C.电压表读数增大,电流表读数减小D.电压表读数减小,电流表读数增大5.如图所示,在竖直向下的匀强磁场中,有两根竖直放置的平行导轨AB、CD,导轨上放有质量为m的金属棒MN,棒与导轨间的动摩擦因数为u,现从t=0时刻起,给棒通以图示方向的电流,且电流强度与时间成正比,即I=kt,其中k为恒量.若金属棒与导轨始终垂直,则下图所示的表示棒所受的摩擦力随时间变化的四幅图中,正确的是()A.B.C.D.二、多项选择题(本题共4小题,每小题4分,共16分.每小题至少有2个选项是正确的,少选得2分,不选或错选得零分)6.有关电动势的说法中正确的是()A.电源的电动势等于内、外电路电势降之和B.电源提供的电能越多,电源的电动势越大C.当外电路断开时,电源的路端电压与电源电动势相等D.当电路中通过1库仑电量时,电源消耗的其他形式能的数值等于电源电动势的值7.如图所示,在xOy平面内有两根平行于y轴水平放置的长直导线,通有沿y轴正方向、大小相同的电流I,两导线关于y轴对称,P为x轴上一点,Q为z轴上一点,下列说法正确的是()A.O点处的磁感应强度为零B.P、Q两点处的磁感应强度方向垂直C.P、Q两点处的磁感应强度方向平行D.图示的两根通电直导线之间存在斥力作用8.如图所示,一个半径为R的导电圆环与一个轴向对称的发散磁场处处正交,环上各点的磁感应强度B大小相等,方向均与环面轴线方向成θ角(环面轴线为竖直方向).若导线环上载有如图所示的恒定电流I,则下列说法正确的是()A.导电圆环有收缩的趋势B.导电圆环所受安培力方向竖直向上C.导电圆环所受安培力的大小为2BIRD.导电圆环所受安培力的大小为2πBIRsinθ9.在如图甲所示的电路中,L1、L2和L3为三个相同规格的小灯泡,这种小灯泡的伏安特性曲线如图乙所示,当开关S闭合后,电路中的总电流为0。
【KS5U解析】江苏省启东中学2017届高三上学期第一次月考理数试题 Word版含解析
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江苏省启东中学2016-2017学年第一次月考试卷
江苏省启东中学2016-2017学年第一次月考试卷高三生物试题一、单项选择题(本题包括20小题,每小题2分,共40分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题意)1.下列有关细胞内某些化合物功能的叙述,正确的是A. DNA是真核生物的主要遗传物质B. HCO3-主要决定细胞内液的渗透压C. 蛋白质是生命活动的主要承担者D. 糖原是动物细胞内的主要储能物质2.右图为真核细胞部分结构示意图,相关叙述正确的是A.结构①②参与组成生物膜系统B.结构①的形成与结构③密切相关C.所有物质都能自由穿越结构④D.组成⑤的主要成分是RNA和蛋白质3.下列有关生物科学史的叙述,错误的是A.1910年,摩尔根以白眼雄果蝇为实验材料,发现了基因的分离定律B.1880年,恩格尔曼以水绵为实验材料,发现了光合作用的场所C.1958年,斯图尔德以胡萝卜韧皮部为实验材料,证明了植物细胞具有全能性D.1970年,科学家用荧光物质标记细胞膜上的蛋白质,证明了细胞膜具有流动性4.右图为一种溶质分子跨膜运输的示意图。
下列相关叙述错误的是A.载体①逆浓度运输溶质分子B.载体②具有ATP酶活性C.载体①和②转运方式不同D.载体②转运溶质分子的速率比自由扩散快5.下列关于细胞分化、衰老、凋亡、癌变的叙述,正确的是A. 细胞分化过程中DNA不变,rRNA和tRNA发生改变B. 细胞衰老过程中细胞核体积增大,细胞相对表面积减小C. 细胞凋亡过程中基因不能表达,代谢活动停止D. 细胞癌变过程中基因发生突变,细胞周期缩短6.下列关于叶绿体和线粒体比较的叙述中,正确的是A .叶绿体和线粒体中可分别发生CO 2→C 3→C 6H 12O 6和的C 6H 12O 6→C 3→CO 2代谢变化B .ATP 和[H]在叶绿体中随水的分解而产生,在线粒体中随水生成而产生C .光能转变成化学能发生在叶绿体中,化学能转变成光能发生在线粒体中D .都具有较大膜面积和复杂的酶系统,有利于新陈代谢高效而有序地进行7. 某自花传粉植物种群中,亲代中AA 基因型个体占30%,aa 基因型个体占20%,则亲代a 基因频率和F1中aa 的基因型频率分别是( )A .55%和32%B .55%和42.5%C .45%和42.5%D .45%和32.5%8.生物的某些变异可通过细胞分裂某一时期染色体的行为来识别。
江苏省启东中学高二数学上学期第一次月考试题(无答案)
江苏省启东中学2016~2017学年度第一学期第一次月考高二数学试题(本试卷共160分,考试用时120分钟)一、填空题:本大题共14小题,每小题5分,共计70分.不需要写出解答过程,请把答案直接填在答题卡相应位置上......... 1.已知命题∈∀x p :R ,1sin <x ,则p ⌝为 ▲ . 2.椭圆12322=+x y 的焦点坐标为 ▲ . 3.圆:1C 122=+y x 与圆4)1()1(:222=++-y x C 有 ▲ 条公切线.4.“q p ∧为假”是“q p ∨为假”的 ▲ 条件. (在“充分不必要”“必要不充分”“充要”“既不充分又不必要”中选填一个)5.若命题p 的否命题为r ,命题r 的逆命题为s ,则s 是p 的逆命题t 的 ▲ 命题.6.若直线0=++m y x 与圆m y x =+22相离,则m 的取值范围为 ▲ .7.已知圆C :x 2+y 2=1,点A (-2,0)和点B (2,a ),从点A 观察点B ,要使视线不被圆C 挡住,则实数a 的取值范围是 ▲ . 8.椭圆1422=+ky x 的离心率为21,则k 的值为 ▲ . 9.过点M (1,1)作直线与椭圆x 216+y 24=1交于B A ,两点,则被点M 平分的弦所在的直线方程为 ▲ .10.已知点P 是椭圆)0(12222>>=+b a by a x 上的动点,21,F F 为椭圆的左右焦点,焦距为c 2,O 为坐标原点,若M 是21PF F ∠的角平分线上的一点,且MP MF ⊥1,则OM 的取值范围为 ▲ .11.若直线b x y +=与曲线21y x -=恰有一个公共点,则b 的取值范围为 ▲ .12.设F 是椭圆18922=+y x 的右焦点,点)2,1(A ,M 是椭圆上一动点,则MF MA +取值范围为 ▲ .13.椭圆)0(12222>>=+b a b y a x 的离心率是22,过椭圆上一点P 作直线PB PA ,交椭圆于B A ,两点,且斜率分别为21,k k ,若B A ,两点关于原点对称,则21k k ⋅的值为 ▲ .14.已知椭圆)0(12222>>=+b a by a x 上一点A 关于原点的对称点为B ,F 是椭圆的右焦点,BF AF ⊥,]4,12[ππ∈∠ABF ,则椭圆离心率的取值范围为 ▲ . 二、解答题:本大题共6小题,共计90分.请在答题卡指定区域内........作答,解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.15.(本小题14分)已知命题:p 实数m 满足)0(012722><+-a a ma m ,命题:q 满足方程12122=-+-m y m x 表示焦点在y 轴上的椭圆,若⌝p 是⌝q 的必要而不充分条件,求实数a 的取值范围.16.(本小题14分)设a 为实数,给出命题p :关于x 的不等式a x ≥-|1|)21(的解集为φ,命题q :函数]89)2(lg[)(2+-+=x a ax x f 的定义域为R ,若命题“q p ∨”为真,“q p ∧”为假, 求实数a 的取值范围.17.(本小题15分) 已知圆25)2()1(:22=-+-y x C ,直线∈=--+++m m y m x m l (047)1()12(:R )(1) 证明:无论m 取什么实数,直线l 与圆恒有两个公共点;(2) 求直线l 被圆C 截得的弦长最小时的方程.18.(本小题15分)如图,在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,已知曲线C 由圆弧1C 和圆弧2C 相接而成,两相接点N M ,均在直线3=x 上,圆弧1C 的圆心是坐标原点O ,半径为5,圆弧2C 过点)0,1(-A .(1) 求圆弧2C 的方程;(2) 曲线C 上是否存在点P ,满足PO PA 22=?若存在,指出有几个这样的点,若不存在,请说明理由.19.(本小题16分)已知椭圆中心在原点、焦点在坐标轴上,且经过点M (1,432),N (-322,2). (1)求椭圆的离心率;(2)椭圆上是否存在点P (x ,y )到定点A (a,0)(其中0<a <3)的距离的最小值为1?若存在,求a 的值及点P 的坐标;若不存在,请说明理由.20.(本小题16分)在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,已知椭圆22221(0)x y a b a b+=>>的右顶点与上顶点分别为 ,A B ,椭圆的离心率为3,且过点3(1,). (1)求椭圆的标准方程;(2)如图,若直线l 与该椭圆交于,P Q 两点,直线,BQ AP 的斜率互为相反数.①求证:直线l 的斜率为定值;②若点P 在第一象限,设ABP ∆与ABQ ∆的面积分别为12,S S ,求12S S 的最大值.A B Q P x y O l。
江苏省启东中学1617学年度高二上学期第一次月考——化
江苏省启东中学2016—2017学年度上学期第一次月考高二化学试题(选修)可能用到的相对原子质量:H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 Na 23 Mg 24 Al 27 S 32 Cl 35.5 Ca 40 Mn 55 Fe 56 Co 59 Cu 64 Br 80 Ba 137I卷选择题(共44分)一、单项选择题:本题10小题,每小题2分,共计20分。
每小题只有一个....选项符合题意。
1.在全球气候变暖的背景下,以低能耗、低污染为基础的“低碳经济”成为发展趋向。
下列不属于“促进低碳经济”宗旨的是A.提高能源效率、寻找替代能源、保护森林以及生态友好型消费B.推广以液化石油气代替天然气作民用燃料C.推广利用二氧化碳与环氧丙烷和琥珀酸酐的三元共聚物的生物降解材料D.推广“绿色自由”计划,吸收空气中CO2并利用廉价能源合成汽油2.下列有关热化学方程式的叙述正确的是A.已知2H2(g)+O2(g)===2H2O(l)ΔH=-571.6 kJ·mol-1,则氢气的燃烧热为285.8 kJ·mol-1 B.已知C(石墨,s) ===C(金刚石,s)ΔH>0,则金刚石比石墨稳定C.含20.0 g NaOH的稀溶液与稀盐酸完全中和,放出28.7 kJ的热量,则稀醋酸和稀NaOH溶液反应的热化学方程式为:NaOH(aq)+CH3COOH(aq)===CH3COONa(aq)+H2O(l)ΔH=-57.4 kJ·mol-1D.已知2C(s)+2O2(g) ===2CO2(g)ΔH12C(s)+O2(g)===2CO(g)ΔH2,则ΔH1>ΔH23.下列有关化学反应速率的说法正确的是A.用铁片和稀硫酸反应制取氢气时,改用98%的浓硫酸可加快产生氢气的速率B.100mL 2mol/L的盐酸跟锌片反应,加入适量的氯化钠溶液,反应速率不变C.SO2的催化氧化是一个放热的反应,所以升高温度,反应速率减慢D.汽车尾气中的NO和CO可以缓慢反应生成N2和CO2,减小压强反应速率减慢4.用于净化汽车尾气的反应:2NO(g)+2CO(g) 2CO2(g)+N2(g),已知该反应速率极慢,570K时平衡常数为1×1059。
江苏省启东中学2017届高三上学期第一次月考语文试题
江苏省启东中学2017届高三上学期第一次月考语文试题江苏省启东中学2016-2017学年度第一学期第一次月考高三语文2016.10试题Ⅰ(本卷满分160分,用时150分钟)一、语言文字运用(21分)1.依次填入下面选文空缺处的词语,最恰当的一组(3分)⑴船头破浪高仰,滚白浪花如千军万马在船前▲,港口长堤若一道黑线隐隐浮现浪缘。
⑵骇浪撞击小径边的礁岩,轰隆隆的海震声,淹没了父子奔跑的惊恐脉搏,骤雨狂下,浪沫▲,一切的一切,是台风迅雷不及掩耳的,好似是从岛屿海底倏地拔葱的不发一丁点的警示的感觉。
⑶妈妈去世后,爸爸言语更少,近乎沉默,正似从汹涌的巨流河冲进了哑口海(台湾极南端鹅銮鼻灯塔左侧,有小小一泓海湾,名为哑口海),太平洋奔腾的波涛冲进此湾,仿佛▲,发不出怒涛的声音。
A.灰飞烟灭狂飞八方江河日下B.灰飞烟灭起伏有致销声匿迹C.崩裂坍塌起伏有致江河日下5. 张爱玲在《论写作》中有下面一段话,选出最符合作者想法的一项(3分)年纪轻的时候,倒是敢说话,可是没有人理睬他。
到了中年,在社会上有了地位,说出话来有相当分量,谁都乐意听他的,可是正在努力的学做人,一味的唯唯否否,出言吐语,切忌生冷,总拣那烂熟的,人云亦云。
等到年纪大了,退休之后,比较不负责任,可以言论自由了,不幸老年人总是唠叨的居多,听得人不耐烦,任是入情入理的话,也当作耳边风。
这是人生一大悲剧。
A.年轻人与老年人都较敢表达意见,但也不耐听他人意见B.说话者地位越高、年龄越长,越能得到听众喜爱与信任C.中年人处世多权衡利害轻重,常不愿说出与众不同之论D.“说者无意,听者有心”的差距,形成“人生一大悲剧”6.下图是两副吟咏郑成功的对联,请依文意与对联组成原则,选出最适合填入甲、乙、丙、丁处的内容(3分)①方知海外有孤忠 ②称名则妇孺皆知③敢向东南争半壁 ④举目有河山之异7.依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句,衔接最恰当的一项(3分)千百年后凝视王羲之的《兰亭序》, ▲ 光是那么一点,可以领略的内涵,屯师,(丙)抗志,(丁)用十年时间去理解都不嫌多。
江苏省启东中学高一化学上学期第一次月考试题
江苏省启东中学2016~2017学年度第一学期第一次月考高一化学试卷(考试用时:100分钟总分:120分)注意事项:1.本试卷共分两部分,第I卷为选择题,第Ⅱ卷为非选择题。
2.所有试题的答案均填写在答题卡,答案写在试卷上的无效。
可能用到的相对的原子质量:H:1 C:12 N:14 O:16 Na:23 Al:27 S:32 Cl:35.5 Ca:40Fe:56第I卷选择题(共40分)单项选择题:本题包括10小题,每小题2分,共计20分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题意。
1.下列实验基本操作(或实验注意事项)中,主要是处于实验安全考虑的是A.实验剩余的药品不能放回原试剂瓶B.可燃性气体的验纯C.气体实验装置在实验前进行气密性检查D.滴管不能交叉使用2.某实验室仅有如下仪器或用具:烧杯、铁架台、铁圈、三脚架、普通漏斗、石棉网、酒精灯、玻璃棒、量筒、蒸发皿、圆底烧瓶、滤纸、火柴。
从缺乏仪器或用具的角度看,不能进行的实验操作项目是A.过滤 B.蒸发 C.萃取 D.溶解3.根据我国统一实行法定计量单位的规定,下列说法比较规范的是2该小组成员对溶液的叙述,正确的是A.配制1 L该溶液,可将0.1 mol CaCl2溶于1 L水中B.Ca2+和Cl-的物质的量浓度都是0.1 mol·L-1C.从试剂瓶中取该溶液的一半,则所取溶液的物质的量浓度为0.05 mol·L-1D.将该瓶溶液稀释一倍,则所得溶液的c(Cl-)为0.1 mol·L-15.将5 mol/L盐酸10 mL稀释到200 mL,再取出5 mL,这5 mL溶液的物质的量浓度是A.0.05 mol/LB.0.25 mol/LC.0.1 mol/LD.0.5 mol/L6.将a%的某物质的水溶液加热蒸发掉m g水(溶质不挥发、且蒸发过程无溶质析出),所得溶液体积为V L,溶质的质量分数为蒸发前的2倍,设溶质的相对分子质量为M,则蒸发后所得溶液的物质的量浓度为A.ma2VMmol·L-1 B.ma100VMmol·L-1 C.20ma2VMmol·L-1D.ma50VMmol·L-17.某种H2和CO的混合气体,其密度是O2的一半,则H2的体积百分含量约为A.40%B.46%C.50%D.54%8.N A为阿伏加德罗常数的值,下列叙述正确的是A. 1 mol CO2中含有原子数N AB. 1 L 1mol/L的硫酸钠溶液中,所含Na+数为N AC.标准状况下,11.2 L水所含分子数为0.5 N AD. 1 mol Fe和足量盐酸完全反应失去的电子数为2N A9.有一真空瓶质量为m1,该瓶充入空气后质量为m2。
江苏省启东中学2016-2017学年高二上学期第一次月考语文试题 含答案
江苏省启东中学2016—2017学年度第一学期第一次月考高二语文试卷2016.10一、基础及运用.(9*3分=27分)1.下列加点字的注音完全正确的一项是:()A.险衅.(xìn)决.起而飞(xuè)鼓枻.(yì)洗.马(xiǎn)缧.绁(lěi)B.羑.里(yǒu)终鲜.兄弟(xiǎn)象笏.(hù)坳.堂(ào)汶汶.(mén)C.栏楯.(shǔn)诸父异爨.(cuàn)老妪.(ǎo)扃.牖(jiōng)曩.者(nǎng)D.渔父.(fǔ)期.功强近(qī) 呱呱.(gū)优渥.(wò)斥鴳.(yàn)2.下列加点实词解释错误的一项是:( )A.稽.其成败兴坏之理稽:考察B.寻.蒙国恩,除臣洗马寻:不久C.新沐.者必弹冠沐:洗澡D.怒.而飞,其翼若垂天之云怒:奋起3。
下列各句中不含通假字的一项是:()A.臣密今年四十有四B.前辟四窗,垣墙周庭C.其翼若垂天之云D.大底圣贤发愤之所为作也4.下列各句中加点词不完全属于古今异义的一组是:( )A .臣少多疾病,九岁不行.. 零丁孤苦,至于成立..B .三餐而反,腹犹果然.. 令人长号..不自禁 C .何故深思高举.. 恨私心..有所不尽 D .仆以口语..遇遭此祸 意气..勤勤恳恳5.下列特殊句式不同于其他三项的一项是:( )A .屈原既放,游于江潭B .而刘夙婴疾病C .至激于义理者不然D .奚以知其然也6.在下面一段文字的横线处填入词语,最恰当的一项是( )庄子与这个世界做了长久的厮守,故而有了最绵缈的缠绵.他对世界那种既恼又怜的丰富神情简直使人 .他对世界,在极端的蔑视里有细致的 与回忆,在极端的怜惜里有失望与无奈。
他仿佛当众把一切都掷在脚下, 给我们看,并遏制不住地冷笑;而当众人散去,他又收拾起这一切,把它们拥在胸前失声痛哭。
A .不可理喻 体察 踩踏B .捉摸不透 体谅 踩踏C .捉摸不透 体察 作践D .不可理喻 体谅 作践7.下列各句中,没有语病的一句是( )A .文化产业与旅游产业的融合应是一个以文化带旅游、以旅游促文化的过程,因此,旅游产业要持续健康发展,就必须合理利用文化资源,不断丰富旅游产业的文化内涵和品位。
江苏省启东中学2016-2017学年高一上学期第一次月考物理试题解析(解析版)含解斩
一、单项选择题:本题共8小题,每小题3 分,共计24 分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题意。
1.关于质点的描述,下列说法中正确的是A.研究美丽的月食景象形成原因时,月球可看作质点B.研究飞行中的直升飞机螺旋桨的转动,螺旋桨可看作质点C.研究“天宫一号"在轨道上的飞行姿态时,“天宫一号”可看作质点D.研究地球绕太阳的运动轨迹时,地球可看作质点【答案】D【解析】考点:质点【名师点睛】考查学生对质点这个概念的理解,关键是知道物体能看成质点时的条件,看物体的大小体积对所研究的问题是否产生影响,物体的大小体积能否忽略。
2.中国是掌握空中加油技术的少数国家之一.如图是我国自行研制的第三代战斗机“歼-10”在空中加油的情景,以下列哪个物体为参照物,可以认为加油机是运动的A.“歼-10”战斗机B.地面上的房屋C.加油机中的飞行员D.“歼-10”战斗机里的飞行员【答案】B【解析】试题分析:加油机相对于“歼—10”战斗机位置不变,以“歼-10”战斗机为参照物,加油机是静止的,故A 错误.加油机相对于地面上的房屋位置不断变化,以地面上的房屋为参照物,加油机是运动的,故B正确.加油机相对于“歼—10”战斗机里的飞行员或者加油机中的飞行员来说位置不变,以“歼—10”战斗机里的飞行员或者加油机中的飞行员为参照物,加油机是静止的,故CD错误.故选B。
考点:参考系【名师点睛】此题与我国高科技相结合,在解答此题的同时可以使学生很好的接受科技教育,激发学生的爱国主义精神,增强民族自豪感,符合新课程理念,是一道较为典型的好题。
3.在平直的公路上,汽车启动后在第10 s 末速度表的指针指在如图所示的位置,前10 s 内汽车运动的距离为150 m .下列说法中正确的是A .第10 s 末汽车的瞬时速度大小是70 m/sB .第10 s 末汽车的瞬时速度大小是70 km/hC .第10 s 内汽车的平均速度大小是70 m/sD .前10 s 内汽车的平均速度大小是35 m/s【答案】B【解析】故选B.考点:瞬时速度和平均速度【名师点睛】汽车的速度表指示的是瞬时速度这是生活常识,所以多留心、多观察、多思考是学好物理的必要条件.4.做初速度为零的匀加速直线运动的物体在某段位移中,通过前一半位移和后一半位移所用时间之比21:t t,等于A .1:2 B .2:1 C .1:)12(+ D .1:)13(+【答案】C【解析】1111]试题分析:设前一半位移和后一半位移均为x ,物体的加速度为a ,则对于前一半位移:2112x at =① 对于总位移:()212122x a t t =+②由②:①得,()212212t t t +=,解得:t 1:t 2=1:)12(+,故选C 。
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江苏省启东中学2016—2017学年度第一学期第一次月考高三物理试卷一、单项选择题.本题共5小题,每小题3分,共计15分.每小题只有一个选项符合题意. 1.一颗卫星绕地球沿椭圆轨道运动,A 、B 是卫星运动的远地点和近地点.下列说法中正确的是( ) A .卫星在A 点的角速度大于B 点的角速度 B .卫星在A 点的加速度小于B 点的加速度 C .卫星由A 运动到B 过程中动能减小,势能增加 D .卫星由A 运动到B 过程中引力做正功,机械能增大2.在地质、地震、勘探、气象和地球物理等领域的研究中,需要精确的重力加速度g 值,g 值可由实验精确测得,近年来测g 值的一种方法叫“对称自由下落法”,它是将测g 转变为测长度和时间,具体做法是:将真空长直管沿竖直方向放置,自其中O 点上抛小球又落到原处的时间为T 2,在小球运动过程中经过比O 点高H 的P 点,小球离开P 点到又回到P 点所用的时间为T 1,测得T 1、T 2和H ,可求得g 等于 ( )A .8H T 22-T 21 B . 4H T 22-T 21 C . 8H (T 2-T 1)2 D . H4(T 2-T 1)23.如图所示,倾角为θ的斜面体C 置于水平面上,B 置于斜面上,通过细绳跨过光滑的定滑轮与A 相连接,连接B 的一段细绳与斜面平行,A 、B 、C 都处于静止状态.则( ) A .B 受到C 的摩擦力一定不为零 B .C 受到水平面的摩擦力一定为零C .不论B 、C 间摩擦力大小、方向如何,水平面对C 的摩 擦力方向一定向左D .水平面对C 的支持力与B 、C 的总重力大小相等4.如图甲所示,质量不计的弹簧竖直固定在水平面上,t =0时刻,将一金属小球从弹簧正上方某一高度处由静止释放,小球落到弹簧上压缩弹簧到最低点,然后又被弹起离开弹簧,上升到一定高度后再下落,如此反复.通过安装在弹簧下端的压力传感器,测出这一过程弹簧弹力F 随时间t 变化的图象如图乙所示,则( )A .t 1时刻小球动能最大B .t 2时刻小球动能最大C .t 2~t 3这段时间内,小球的动能先增加后减少D .t 2~t 3这段时间内,小球增加的动能等于弹簧减 少的弹性势能5.如图,a 、b 两点位于同一条竖直线上,从a 、b 两点分别以速度v 1、v 2水平抛出两个相同的质点小球,它们在水平地面上方的P 点相遇。
假设在相遇过程中两球的运动没有受到影响,则下列说法正确的是( )A .两个小球从a 、b 两点同时抛出B .两小球抛出的初速度 v 1=v 2C .从a 点抛出的小球着地时重力的瞬时功率较大D .从a 点抛出的小球着地时水平射程较大二、多项选择题.本题共6小题,每小题4分,共计24分.每小题有多个选项符合题意.全部选对的得4分,选对但不全的得2分,错选或不答的得0分.6.在杂技表演中,猴子由静止开始沿竖直杆向上做加速度为a 的匀加速运动,同时人顶着直杆以速度v 0水平匀速移动,经过时间t ,猴子沿杆向上移动的高度为h ,人顶杆沿水平地面移动的距离为x ,如图所示.关于猴子的运动情况,下列说法中正确的是( ) A .相对地面的运动轨迹为直线 B .相对地面做匀加速曲线运动 C .t 时刻猴子对地的速度大小为v 0+at D .t 时间内猴子对地的位移大小为x 2+h 27.如图所示,竖直环A 半径为r ,固定在木板B 上,木板B 放在水平地面上,B 的左右两侧各有一挡板固定在地上,B 不能左右运动,在环的最低点静放有一小球C ,A 、B 、C 的质量均为m .现给小球一水平向右的瞬时速度v ,小球会在环内侧做圆周运动,为保证小球能通过环的最高点,且不会使环在竖直方向上跳起(不计小球与环的摩擦阻力),瞬时速度必须满足 ( )A .最小值4grB .最大值6grC .最小值5grD .最大值7gr8.一颗科学资源探测卫星的圆轨道经过地球两极上空,运动周期为T =1.5小时,某时刻卫星经过赤道上A 城市上空,已知:地球自转周期T 0 (24小时)、卫星绕地球轨道半径r 和万有引力常量为G ,根据上述条件( ) A .可以计算地球的质量 B .可以计算地球半径a b1 2C .可以计算地球表面重力加速度D .可以断定,再经过24小时卫星第二次到达A 城市上空9.如图所示,将一轻弹簧固定在倾角为30°的斜面底端,现用一质量为m 的物体将弹簧压缩锁定在A 点,解除锁定后,物体将沿斜面上滑,物体在运动过程中所能到达的最高点B 距A 点的竖直高度为h ,物体离开弹簧后沿斜面向上运动的加速度大小等于重力加速度g .则下列说法正确的是 ( )A .弹簧的最大弹性势能为mghB .物体从A 点运动到B 点的过程中系统损失的机械能为mghC .物体的最大动能等于弹簧的最大弹性势能D .物体最终静止在B 点10.某兴趣小组对一辆自制遥控小车的性能进行研究.他们让这辆小车在水平的直轨道上由静止开始运动,并将小车运动的全过程记录下来,通过处理转化为v -t 图象,如图所示(除2 s ~10 s 时间段图象为曲线外,其余时间段图象均为直线).已知在小车运动的过程中,2 s ~14 s 时间段内小车的功率保持不变,在14 s 末停止遥控而让小车自由滑行,小车的质量为1.0 kg ,可认为在整个运动过程中小车所受的阻力大小不变.则下列说法正确的是 ( ) A .小车受到的阻力大小为1.5 N B .小车匀加速阶段的牵引力为4N C .小车匀速行驶阶段的功率为9 W D .小车加速过程中位移大小为42 m11.如图所示,直杆AB 与水平面成α角固定,在杆上套一质量为m 的小滑块,杆底端B 点处有一弹性挡板,杆与板面垂直,滑块与挡板碰撞后原速率返回.现将滑块拉到A 点由静止释放,与挡板第一次碰撞后恰好能上升到AB 的中点,设重力加速度为gA .滑块下滑和上滑过程加速度的大小a 1、a 2B .滑块第1次与挡板碰撞前速度v 1C .滑块与杆之间动摩擦因数μD .滑块第k 次与挡板碰撞到第k +1次与挡板碰撞时间间隔Δt 三、简答题:本题共2小题,共计20分.12.(12分)(1)在探究求合力的方法时,先将橡皮条的一端固定在水平木板上,另一端系上带有绳套的两根细绳.实验时,需要两次拉伸橡皮条,一次是通过两细绳用两个弹簧秤互成角度地拉橡皮条,另一次是用一个弹簧秤通过细绳拉橡皮条.① 实验对两次拉伸橡皮条的要求中,下列哪些说法是正确的( )A .将橡皮条拉伸相同长度即可B .将橡皮条沿相同方向拉即可C .将弹簧秤都拉伸到相同刻度D .将橡皮条和绳的结点拉到相同位置②同学们在操作过程中有如下议论,其中对减小实验误差有益的说法是( ) A .两细绳必须等长B .弹簧秤、细绳、橡皮条都应与木板平行C .用两弹簧秤同时拉细绳时两弹簧秤示数之差应尽可能大D .拉橡皮条的细绳要短些(2)如图所示为探究物体运动加速度与物体质量、物体受力关系的实验装置,砂和砂桶质量用m 表示, 小车和车上所加砝码总质量用M 表示,小车运动 加速度用a 表示。
①实验过程中需要适当抬起长木板的一端以平衡小车所受到的摩擦力,该步骤中木板被抬起的角度与小车质量 (选填“有关”或“无关”);②在探究加速度与小车受力关系过程中, 甲和乙两小组分别用下列两组数据进行实验操作,其中你认为合理的是 (选填“甲”或“乙”); M 甲=500g M 乙=500g③在探究加速度与小车质量关系过程中,应该保持 不变,通过增减小车中砝码改变小车质量M,实验测出几组a 、M 数据,下列图线能直观合理且正确反映a -M 关系的是 。
13.(8分)在验证机械能守恒定律的实验中,使质量为m =200 g 的重物自由下落,打点计时器在ACDB纸带上打出一系列的点,选取一条符合实验要求的纸带如图所示.O 为纸带下落的起始点,A 、B 、C 为纸带上选取的三个连续点.已知打点计时器每隔T =0.02 s 打一个点,当地的重力加速度为g =9.8 m/s 2,那么(1)计算B 点瞬时速度时,甲同学用v 2B =2gx OB ,乙同学用v B =x AC2T.其中所选择方法正确的是______(填“甲”或“乙”)同学.(2)同学丙想根据纸带上的测量数据进一步计算重物和纸带下落过程中所受的阻力,为此他计算出纸带下落的加速度为________m/s 2,从而计算出阻力F f =________N.(3)若同学丁不慎将上述纸带从OA 之间扯断,他仅利用A 点之后的纸带能否实现验证机械能守恒定律的目的?______.(填“能”或“不能”)四、计算题:本题共4小题,共计61分.解答时请写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤,只写出最后答案的不能得分,有数值计算的题,答案中必须明确写出数值和单位.14.(15分)在游乐场,有一种大型游乐设施跳楼机,如图所示,参加游戏的游客被安全带固定在座椅上,提升到离地最大高度64m 处,然后由静止释放,开始下落过程可认为自由落体运动,然后受到一恒定阻力而做匀减速运动,且下落到离地面4m 高处速度恰好减为零。
已知游客和座椅总质量为1500kg ,下落过程中最大速度为20m/s ,重力加速度g =10m/s 2。
求: (1)游客下落过程的总时间; (2)恒定阻力的大小。
15.(15分)摩天大楼中一部直通高层的客运电梯,行程超过百米.电梯的简化模型如图甲所示.考虑安全、舒适、省时等因素,电梯的加速度a 是随时间t 变化的.已知电梯在t =0时由静止开始上升,a -t 图象如图乙所示.电梯总质量m =2.0×103kg.忽略一切阻力,重力加速度g 取10 m/s 2.(1)求电梯在上升过程中受到的最大拉力F 1和最小拉力F 2;(2)类比是一种常用的研究方法.对于直线运动,教科书中讲解了由v -t 图象求位移的方法.请你借鉴此方法,对比加速度和速度的定义,根据图乙所示的a -t 图象,求电梯在第1 s 内的速度改变量Δv1和第2 s末的速率v2;(3)求电梯以最大速率上升时,拉力做功的功率P;再求在0~11 s时间内,拉力和重力对电梯所做的总功W.16.(15分)如图所示,半径R=0.2 m的光滑四分之一圆轨道MN竖直固定放置,末端N与一长L =0.8 m的水平传送带相切,水平衔接部分摩擦不计,传动轮(轮半径很小)做顺时针转动,带动传送带以恒定的速度v0运动.传送带离地面的高度h=1.25 m,其右侧地面上有一直径D=0.5 m的圆形洞,洞口最左端的A点离传送带右端的水平距离s=1 m,B点在洞口的最右端.现使质量为m=0.5 kg的小物块从M点由静止开始释放,经过传送带后做平抛运动,最终落入洞中,传送带与小物块之间的动摩擦因数μ=0.5,g取10 m/s2.求:(1)小物块到达圆轨道末端N时对轨道的压力;(2)若v0=3 m/s,求小物块在传送带上运动的时间;(3)若要使小物块能落入洞中,求v0应满足的条件.17.(16分)如图所示,倾角为θ的斜面与足够大的光滑水平面在D处平滑连接,斜面上有A、B、C三点,AB间距为2L,BC、CD间距均为4L,斜面上BC部分粗糙,其余部分光滑. 4块完全相同、质量均匀分布的长方形薄片,紧挨在一起排在斜面上,从下往上编号依次为1、2、3、4,第1块的下边缘恰好在A处.现将4块薄片一起由静止释放,薄片经过D处时无能量损失且相互之间无碰撞.已知每块薄片质量为m、长为L,薄片与斜面BC间的动摩擦因数为tanθ,重力加速度为g.求:(1) 第1块薄片下边缘刚运动到B时的速度大小v1;(2) 第1块薄片刚好完全滑上粗糙面时的加速度大小a和此时第3、4块间的作用力大小F;(3) 4块薄片全部滑上水平面后,相邻薄片间的距离d.答案一.单选题(每题3分)1.B2.A3.C4.C5.C 二.多选(每题4分,少选2分,错选零分)6. BD7. CD8. AD9.BD 10.ACD 11. AC 三、简答题:本题共2小题,共计20分. 12(12分)(1)①D (2分) ②B (2分)(2)①无关(2分) ②乙 (2分) ③砂和砂筒质量(2分) C (2分)13(8分,每空2分) (1)乙 (2)9.5 0.06 (3)能解析 (1)如用v 2B =2gx OB 求v B ,就等于认为机械能已经守恒了,应选用v B =x AC2T. (2)由Δx =aT 2知 a =Δx T 2=BC -AB T2=[23.23-19.20-19.20-15.55]×10-20.022m/s 2=9.5 m/s 2由mg -F f =ma 知F f =mg -ma =0.06 N. (3)能.可利用12m (v 22-v 21)=mgh 12验证.四、计算题:本题共4小题,共计62分)14.解:设下落过程中最大速度为v ,自由落体的高度为h 1,则:212v gh = 1v gt =解得:t 1=2s设匀减速的高度为h 2,加速度大小为a , 则:222v ah = 2v at=下落的总距离h =h 1+h 2=64m-4m=60m 联立解得:a =5m/s 2t 2=4s游客下落过程的总时间为t =t 1+t 2=6s(2)匀减速过程中:设阻力为f ,由牛顿第二定律得:f -mg =ma 已知m =1500kg ,可得f =22500N15.答案 (1)2.2×104N 1.8×104N (2)0.5 m/s 1.5 m/s (3)2.0×105W 1.0×105J 解析 (1)由牛顿第二定律,有F -mg =ma 由a -t 图象可知,F 1和F 2对应的加速度分别是a 1=1.0 m/s 2,a 2=-1.0 m/s 2,则F 1=m (g +a 1)=2.0×103×(10+1.0) N =2.2×104 N F 2=m (g +a 2)=2.0×103×(10-1.0) N =1.8×104 N(2)类比可得,所求速度变化量等于第1 s 内a -t 图线与t 轴所围图形的面积, 可得Δv 1=0.5 m/s同理可得2 s 内的速度变化量Δv 2=v 2-v 0=1.5 m/sv 0=0,第2 s 末的速率v 2=1.5 m/s(3)由a -t 图象可知,11 s ~30 s 内速率最大,其值v m 等于0~11 s 内a -t 图线与t 轴所围图形的面积,此时电梯做匀速运动,拉力F 等于重力mg ,所求功率P =Fv m =mg ·v m =2.0×103×10×10 W=2.0×105 W由动能定理得,总功W =E k2-E k1=12mv 2m -0=12×2.0×103×102 J =1.0×105J.16. 答案 (1)15 N ,方向竖直向下 (2)0.3 s(3)2 m/s<v 0<3 m/s解析 (1)设小物块滑到圆轨道末端时速度为v 1,根据机械能守恒定律得:mgR =12mv 21设小物块在轨道末端所受支持力的大小为F N ,据牛顿第二定律得:F N -mg =m v 21R联立以上两式代入数据得:F N =15 N根据牛顿第三定律,小物块对轨道的压力为15 N ,方向竖直向下. (2)小物块在传送带上加速运动时,由μmg =ma ,得a =μg =5 m/s 2加速到与传送带达到共同速度所需要的时间t 1=v 0-v 1a =0.2 s ,位移x =v 1+v 02t 1=0.5 m匀速运动的时间t 2=L -xv 0=0.1 s 故小物块在传送带上运动的时间t =t 1+t 2=0.3 s (3)小物块从传送带右端做平抛运动,有h =12gt 2恰好落在A 点s =v 2t ,得v 2=2 m/s 恰好落在B 点D +s =v 3t ,得v 3=3 m/s 故v 0应满足的条件是2 m/s<v 0<3 m/s17. 解:(1) 研究4块薄片整体,根据机械能守恒定律有 4mg ·2L sin θ=12(4m)v 21解得v 1=2gL sin θ(2) 根据牛顿第二定律有4mg sin θ-μmg cos θ=4m a 解得a =34g sin θ研究第4块薄片,根据牛顿第二定律有 mg sin θ-F =ma 解得F =14mg sin θ(3) 设4块滑片刚好全部滑上粗糙面时的速度为v 2,研究整体下端由A 到C 的过程,根据动能定理有4mg·6L sin θ-4μmg cos θ2·4L =12(4m)v 22设每块滑片滑到水平面时的速度为v 3,对每块滑片运用动能定理有 mg·9L sin θ2-μmg cos θ2L =12mv 23-12mv 22相邻滑片到达水平面的时间差t =Lv 2由于d =v 3t 解得d =2L。