专题03 过去完成时-2019届中考英语上学期总复习时态讲解与练习(解析版)
初中过去完成时精讲+精练(附答案)
初中过去完成时精讲+精练(附答案)过去完成时是英语中用来表示过去的过去的一种时态。
它通常用在主句的动词是过去时的情况下,用来表示在过去某个时间或动作之前发生的另一个过去动作或状态。
形成方式过去完成时的形成方式是由 had + 动词的过去分词构成。
例如:- I had finished my homework before he arrived.- They had already left when we got there.用法和注意事项1. 表示过去的过去:过去完成时常用来表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经完成的动作或状态。
例如:- She told me she had already eaten dinner.- He had studied English for five years before he moved to America.2. 引导时间状语从句:过去完成时也可以用来引导时间状语从句,表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经完成的动作或状态。
例如:- They had finished their work before they went home.3. 与其他过去时态的区别:过去完成时和一般过去时以及过去进行时的区别在于它表示的是在过去的过去发生的动作或状态。
例如:- He said he had already bought the tickets. (过去完成时)- He said he bought the tickets. (一般过去时)精练请用过去完成时来完成下面的句子。
1. I ______ (finish) my homework before my parents came back.2. They ______ (leave) the office when I arrived.3. She ______ (already eat) dinner before we got there.4. We ______ (travel) to Europe many times before we visited Asia.5. He said he ______ (never see) that movie before.答案1. had finished2. had left3. had already eaten4. had traveled5. had never seen。
人教版中考英语复习专题过去完成时总复习经典例题、习题
人教版中考英语复习专题过去完成时总复习经典例题、习题一、初中英语过去完成时1.— Jim, why didn't you go to Beijing by train?— Bad luck! When I got to the station, the train ________.A. leftB. had already leftC. has already leftD. has been left【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:——吉姆,你为什么不坐火车去北京呢?——真倒霉!我到车站时,火车已经开走了。
根据When I got to the station 可知,到那是过去时,离开是过去的过去,使用过去完成时,had done,故选B。
【点评】考查时态,注意过去的过去是过去完成时的用法。
2.By the time I ________ on the TV, Beckham ________ two goals.A. turned; have scoredB. turned; had scoredC. had turned; have scoredD. had turned; had scored【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:当我打开电视的时候,贝克汉姆已经进了两个球。
本句是时间状语从句,by the time到…时候为止,用于一般过去时,可排除CD选项。
从句用一般过去时,主句用过去完成时,需用“had+过去分词”结构,可排除A;根据句意结构,可知,故选B。
【点评】考查动词时态辨析题。
3.Jake _____his key in the office so he had to wait until his wife _______ home.A. has forgotten … comesB. forgot… comeC. had left… cameD. had left…would come【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:杰克把他的钥匙丢在办公室了,因此他不得不等到他的妻子回家。
中考英语备考 专题03 动词时态及语态(含解析)
专题03 动词时态及语态【考点综述】:动词是谓语动词所表示的动作或情形发生时刻的各类形式。
英语动词有16种时态,可是经常使用的只有9种:一样此刻时、一样过去时、一样以后时、此刻进行时、过去进行时、此刻完成时、过去完成时、过去以后时、此刻完成进行时。
当句子的主语是动作的执行者时,谓语的形式叫主动语态。
句子的主语是动作经受者时,谓语的形式叫被动语态。
被动语态由助动词be + 过去分词组成,时态通过be 表现出来。
动词是中考考查的重点,动词的时态和语态更是考查的重中之重。
动词不仅有人称和数的转变,而且有时态、语态、语气和非谓语形式等语法现象。
这些都是中考考查的内容。
【中考真题再现】:1. 【2021江苏南京】---Millie, where is Miss Li?---She _________ a speech on Chinese art to the first-year students in the hall.A. givesB. gaveC. is givingD. has given2. 【2021江西】— Have you had your b reakfast yet?—Yes. Mom _____ it for me.A. was cookingB. is cookingC. will cookD. cooked3. 【2021山东菏泽】—Linda, I called you this morning, but nobody answered the phone.—I'm sorry. I football with my friends then.A. playB. playedC. am playingD. was playing4. 【2021陕西】The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it .A. inventsB. inventedC. is inventedD. was invented【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态及语态。
中考英语过去完成时专题训练答案含解析
中考英语过去完成时专题训练答案含解析一、初中英语过去完成时1.— Jim, why didn't you go to Beijing by train?— Bad luck! When I got to the station, the train ________.A. leftB. had already leftC. has already leftD. has been left【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:——吉姆,你为什么不坐火车去北京呢?——真倒霉!我到车站时,火车已经开走了。
根据When I got to the station 可知,到那是过去时,离开是过去的过去,使用过去完成时,had done,故选B。
【点评】考查时态,注意过去的过去是过去完成时的用法。
2.We are too tired. Please stop __________ a rest.A. to haveB. havingC. haveD. has【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:我们是在太累了,停下来休息一下吧。
stop to have a rest.固定搭配故选A【点评】注意时态一致,3.When I got to school, I realized I ______ my backpack at home.A. leftB. had leftC. forgotD. had forgotten【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:当我到学校时,我才意识到我把双肩包落在家里了。
把…落在…用leave,又因为是过去完成时,故选B。
【点评】考查把…落在…的用法。
熟背句型。
做题就很容易。
4.By the time I got there, the football match ________ already ________.A. has; finishedB. was; finishedC. had; finishedD. /; finished【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:到我到达那里的时候,足球赛已经结束了。
初三英语专项语法:过去完成时知识讲解及巩固训练(英语老师用)
初三英语专项语法:过去完成时知识讲解及巩固训练(英语老师用)初三英语:专项语法——过去完成时知识讲解及巩固训练(培训机构英语老师用)【概念引入】过去完成时的概念:过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。
它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。
表示过去某一时间可用by, before等构成的短语,也可用when, before等引导的从句或通过上下文提示等。
His eyes shone brightly when he finally received the magazine he had long expected.当他终于收到他盼望已久的杂志时,他兴奋得两眼闪光。
By the time he was twelve, Edison had begun to make a living by himself.12岁时,爱迪生就开始自己谋生。
【用法讲解】1.过去完成时的构成【高清课堂:过去完成时】1)过去完成时基本构成形式: had +过去分词。
We had reached the top of the hill before midnight.在半夜之前我们已登上了山顶。
2)过去完成时的否定形式: had + not + 过去分词。
They hadn’t finished the work when we got there.我们到那儿时,他们还没有完成工作。
3)过去完成时的一般疑问句及其回答形式:疑问句要把had提到句首;回答用Yes, 主语+ had. / No, 主语+ hadn’t.—Had he told you to go there earlier yesterday? 他昨天告诉过你早点儿到那儿吗?—Yes, he had. (No, he hadn’t.) 是的,他告诉了。
(不,他没有。
) 注意:had not 常简略为hadn't。
2.过去完成时的用法过去完成时的主要用法和现在完成时一样。
[全]初三英语语法重点-过去完成时-详解
初三英语语法重点-过去完成时-详解过去完成时一、教材典句1.By the time l got outside, the bus had already left.当我出去时,公共汽车已经离开了。
2.By the time I walked into class, the teacher had started teaching already.当我走进教室时,老师已经开始讲课了。
仔细观察以上两句,不难发现时间状语从句都用了一般过去时态,主句都是发生在“过去的时间之前”,即过去的过去,应用过去完成时。
二、语法详解(一)过去完成时的定义及构成1.过去完成时定义:表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作,它表示动作所发生的时间是“过去的过去”。
2.过去完成时的构成过去完成时由“助动词had+动词的过去分词”构成(had用于各种人称和数)。
例如:She had arrived at the village before 8 o'clock last night.她在昨晚8点之前就到达了这个村庄。
(二)过去完成时的句式结构肯定句:had +过去分词否定句:hadn’t+过去分词一般疑问句:had 提前,放于句首(三)过去完成时的时间状语1.介词by (the end of)/ before+ 过去的时间例如:They had collected over 1,000 stamps by the end of last month.截至上个月末,他们已搜集了1000多张邮票。
2.与when, by the time, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句连用。
例如:When I got up this morning,my father had already gone to work. 今天早上我起床时,我的爸爸已经去上班了。
3.用于told, said, asked,heard,thought等动词的宾语从句中,从句的动作发生在主句动作之前。
2024年中考英语过去完成时详解以及练习
中考英语过去完成时详解以及练习一.过去完成时详解1)概念与结构概念:过去完成时描述的是一个动作或状态在过去某一时间点之前已经完成或达到的状态。
换句话说,它表示的是“过去的过去”的动作或状态。
结构:“助动词had + 过去分词”,其中“had”是过去完成时的助动词,适用于所有人称。
2)基本用法表示过去某一时间之前已完成的动作:例句:By the end of last year, he had worked in that company for five years.(到去年年底为止,他已经在那个公司工作了五年。
)解析:此句中,“到去年年底为止”是过去的一个时间点,而“工作了五年”是在这个时间点之前完成的动作,因此使用过去完成时。
表示过去某一动作之前已完成的另一动作:例句:She had finished her homework before her mother came back.(她妈妈回来之前,她已经完成了作业。
)解析:此句中,“妈妈回来”是一个过去的动作,而“完成作业”是在这个动作之前完成的,所以“完成作业”用过去完成时。
3)与时间状语连用过去完成时经常与表示过去的时间状语连用,如“before”、“by”等。
与“before”连用:例句:He had left the house before it started raining.(下雨之前,他已经离开了家。
)解析:“下雨”是一个过去的动作,而“离开家”是在这个动作之前完成的,所以“离开家”用过去完成时。
与“by”连用:例句:By the time he was twenty, he had traveled to more than ten countries.(到他二十岁的时候,他已经去过了十多个国家。
)解析:“到他二十岁的时候”是一个过去的时间点,而“去过了十多个国家”是在这个时间点之前完成的,因此使用过去完成时。
4)在复合句中的使用过去完成时经常出现在复合句中,尤其是宾语从句和状语从句中。
中考英语总复习∶过去完成时(提高)知识讲解及答案经典
中考英语总复习∶过去完成时(提高)知识讲解及答案经典一、初中英语过去完成时1.— Jim, why didn't you go to Beijing by train?— Bad luck! When I got to the station, the train ________.A. leftB. had already leftC. has already leftD. has been left【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:——吉姆,你为什么不坐火车去北京呢?——真倒霉!我到车站时,火车已经开走了。
根据When I got to the station 可知,到那是过去时,离开是过去的过去,使用过去完成时,had done,故选B。
【点评】考查时态,注意过去的过去是过去完成时的用法。
2.By the end of 2012, many buildings built in our city.A. have beenB. haveC. had beenD. will【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:到2012年底,我们的城市里已经建成了很多大楼。
Buildings是build这一动作的承受者,该用被动语态。
而被动语态是由“be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成。
根据By the end of 2012可知该用过去完成时,所以选C。
3.Before O'Shea hosted the Joy FM program in Beijing, he_______ in Hongkong for ten years.A. worksB. has workedC. had workedD. would work【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:O'Shea在北京主持Joy FM节目前,他已经在香港工作了10年了。
根据Before O'Shea hosted the Joy FM program in Beijing可知,主持节目这个动作发生在过去,而在香港呆了十年是发生在过去的过去,时态要用过去完成时(had +过去分词),故选C。
专题05 现在完成时-2019届中考英语上学期总复习时态讲解与练习(解析版)
现在完成时一、概念现在完成时表示到说话时为止(或到现在为止)已经发生或完成了(不一定结束)的动作或状态。
二、构成1.肯定式主语+助动词have /has +过去分词+其它说明:这里的have /has是助动词,没有什么具体意义。
当主语是第三人称单数时助动词用has,其余人称一律用have。
has,have的缩略式分别为's或've。
规则动词过去分词的构成与过去式的构成方式一样,不规则动词可参看不规则动词表。
如:(1)I've just copied all the new words .我刚抄写了所有的生词。
(表示不要再抄了)(2)She has lost her books .她丢失了她的书。
(表示到目前为止还没有找到)如果用过去时:She lost her books . 则强调书是过去丢的这一动作,而不知现在有没有找到)(1)We've just cleaned the classroom .我们刚好打扫了教室。
(表明现在教室是干净的)2.否定式主语+助动词have /has+not+过去分词+其它说明:现在完成时构成否定句时,只需在助动词have /has后面加not就行。
have not,has not的缩略式分别为haven't ,hasn't。
另外,肯定句中有some,already时,改为否定时要分别改成any,yet。
如:(1)I haven't finished my homework yet.我还没有完成我的作业。
(2)She hasn't travelled on a train .她没有坐火车旅行过。
(3)We have never spoken to a foreigner.我们从来没有和外国人说过话。
注:有时not可以用never代替,表示“从来没有”的意思。
又如:(4)I have never seen him before.以前我从来没有见过他。
初三时态总复习(2019珠海中考真题)
1.tomorrow, the day after tomorrow 2.next week / month / year 3.in短语: in three minutes 4.soon, right away, at once
现在进行时定义
1.表示此时此刻正在向进行的动作。 e.g: (1) I’m doing my homework. (2) Listen,she is playing the piano. (3) look,he is playing ping-pong.
1.I have eaten breakfast already. 2.She has gone to Beijing for two weeks.
结构
have/has+ 动词的过去分词 一般将来一般将来时常用的标志词有
(1) for +时间段 for two years (2) since+时间点 since two years ago; (3) already yet ; ever never (4) over the years ,in the last few years ,since then
过去完成时
表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。 它表示动作的发生时间是“过去的过去”。
例句
1.When I got to school, the bell had rung. 2.By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.
结构
劳动最光荣
一般过去时
一般过去时定义
一般过去时标志词
表示过去某个时间发生 的动作或存在的状态。
过去完成时知识点梳理及经典练习(超详细)含答案解析
过去完成时知识点梳理及经典练习(超详细)含答案解析一、初中英语过去完成时1.— Jack, would you like to see the new movie?— I'd love to, but I______ it already.A. am seeingB. will seeC. seeD. have seen【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:——杰克,你愿意去看这个新电影吗?——当然乐意,但是我已经看过了。
由already可知是完成时,所以用have done。
故选D。
【点评】本题考查完成时have done。
2.Sue didn't go to see the film with us last week because she ________________ it with her mother.A. has seenB. had seenC. will seeD. saw【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:苏上星期没和我们一起去看电影,因为她和她妈妈一起看过了。
A.已经看了,现在完成时;B.已经看了,过去完成时;C.将看,一般将来时;D.看了,一般过去时。
Sue和妈妈看了电影的影响是上周Sue没有和我们看电影,所以用完成时,根据didn't可知是与过去有关,所以用过去完成时,结构是had+动词过去分词,see的过去分词是seen,故选B。
【点评】考查过去完成时,注意平时识记其结构,理解句意。
3.Seeing John rush into the room with tears in his eyes, I asked him what .A. would happenB. had happenedC. happenedD. was happened【答案】 B【解析】【分析】所填写动作发生在asked以前,表示过去的过去,用过去完成时,故选B。
句意是:看到约翰眼里含着泪水冲进房间,我问他发生什么事了。
中考英语过去完成时讲解及习题练习
过去完成时结构Had+过去分词用法1.表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态,也就是过去的过去。
I had readthis book before three days .2.过去完成时的时间状语a)用by,before引导的短语,如by tha time,by the end of,before2009By the 3:00 yesterday afternoon we had finished the work.b)用when和before引导的状语从句I had seen her before she saw me.3.表示过去某一时间之前发生的动作或存在的状态一直持续到那时,并有可能持续下去,常同for,since连用。
We had leart English for eight years by the last year.4.宾语从句中,从句的动作发生在主句之前,从句用过去完成时。
I foundd the pen which I had lost。
5.时间状语从句中从句动作发生于主句动作之前,从句用过去完成时,主句用一般过去时。
When I had read this book,I gave back to Linda.一.用动词的适当形式填空1. We _____________ (paint) the house before we ______________ (move) in.2. That rich old man _____________ (make) a will before he _____________ (die).3. They _____________ (study) the map of the country before they ________ (leave).4. The robbers _____________ (run away ) before the policemen_______ (arrive).5. I __________ (turn off) all the lights before I ____________ (go) to bed.6. Paul __________ (go) out with Jane after he __________ (make) a phone call.7. Tom __________ (say) he ___________ (read) the book twice.8. Our plan ____________ (fail ) because we _____________ (make) a bad mistake.9. When the chairman ______________ (finish) speaking, he _____________(leave)the hall.10.The Reads __ ______ (have) lunch when I ________________(get) to their house.1 When Li Ming hurried home, he found that his mother ____already____to hospital.A has; been sentB had; sentC has; sentD had; been sent2 We ____five English songs by the end of last term.A had learnedB learnedC have learnedD will have learned3 Han Mei told me she _____lunch, so she was very hungry.A has hadB hasn't haveC have hadD hadn't had4 By the end of 1976, many buildings _____built in the city.A have beenB haveC had beenD will5 She _____her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband ____home.A has left; comesB had left; would comeC had left; cameD left;had come6 He said that it was at least ten years since I _____a good drink.A had enjoyedB was enjoyingC have enjoyedD have been enjoying7 The meeting _____when Mr. Wang _____to school.A has begun;getB has been on;getC had begun;gotD had been on;got一.用动词的适当形式填空1. had painted... moved2. had made ... died3. had studied…left4. had run away..arrived5. had turned off …went6. went …had made7. said …had read 8 failed …had made 9. (had) finished …left 10. were having/had had …got1D 2 A 3 D 4 C 5 C 6 A 7 C。
人教版中考英语中考英语总复习过去完成时考点+例题-全面解析
人教版中考英语中考英语总复习过去完成时考点+例题-全面解析一、初中英语过去完成时1.Mr. Wang ______ in this factory for 30 years already.A. worksB. is workingC. has workedD. will work【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:王先生在这个工厂工作已经30年了。
根据for 30 years already,可知句子为现在完成时,表示发生于过去的动作一直持续到现在。
C是现在完成时结构,故答案是C。
【点评】考查现在完成时,注意结合时间状语确定句子的时态和句子结构。
2.By the end of last month, Jane _____ enough money for the poor sick boy.A. raisedB. would raiseC. had raisedD. has raised【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:在上个月末,珍已经为贫穷的生病的孩子筹集到了足够的钱。
根据By the end of last month,可知句子的时态为过去完成时,C是过去完成时结构,故答案是C。
【点评】考查过去完成时,注意过去完成的时的判定方法。
3.By the end of last month,I all the CDs of the famous singer.A. collectB. collectedC. have collectedD. had collected【答案】 D【解析】【分析】根据时间状语“by the end of last month”可知谓语动词发生在过去的过去,故用过去完成时。
故选D.【点评】此题考查动词时态。
4.By the time I got back to school, the bell______.A. rangB. has rungC. had rung【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:当我返回到学校时,铃早响了。
人教版中考英语中考英语总复习过去完成时总结和练习
人教版中考英语中考英语总复习过去完成时总结和练习一、初中英语过去完成时1.By the time he at the railway station, the train .A. had arrived; had leftB. arrived; had leftC. arrived; leftD. had arrived; has left 【答案】 B【解析】【分析】由语境可知,到达火车站发生在火车离开之后,故排除A、D两项。
by the time引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句则用过去完成时,故选B。
【点评】本题考查过去完成时的用法。
2.By the end of last month, Jane _____ enough money for the poor sick boy.A. raisedB. would raiseC. had raisedD. has raised【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:在上个月末,珍已经为贫穷的生病的孩子筹集到了足够的钱。
根据By the end of last month,可知句子的时态为过去完成时,C是过去完成时结构,故答案是C。
【点评】考查过去完成时,注意过去完成的时的判定方法。
3.By the time I finished my homework,my mother .A. sleptB. has been asleepC. was asleepD. had been asleep【答案】 D【解析】【分析】由上文“By the time ”和“ finished”可知此处应为过去完成时,故选D.【点评】考查过去完成时。
4.By the end of 2012, many buildings built in our city.A. have beenB. haveC. had beenD. will【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:到2012年底,我们的城市里已经建成了很多大楼。
【英语】中考英语总复习∶过去完成时(提高)知识讲解及答案(word)
【英语】中考英语总复习∶过去完成时(提高)知识讲解及答案(word)一、初中英语过去完成时1.By the end of last week, she ______in the west of China for two months helping the homeless children.A. will stayB. has stayedC. would stayD. had stayed【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:直到上周末,她已经待在中国西部两个月帮助那些无家可归的孩子们。
根据时间状语By the end of last week到上周末为止,可知本句描述的是过去某时之前已经完成的动作,故用过去完成时态,故选D。
【点评】此题考查动词的时态。
根据时间状语确定句子的时态。
2.We are too tired. Please stop __________ a rest.A. to haveB. havingC. haveD. has【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:我们是在太累了,停下来休息一下吧。
stop to have a rest.固定搭配故选A【点评】注意时态一致,3.Yesterday when I _______ to the station, the train ______ already.A. got, had leftB. got, has leftC. had got, leftD. got, left【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:昨天当我到达车站时,火车已经离开了。
结合语境可知前文时间状语从句描述的是过去某时发生的动作,故用一般过去时态。
下文,描述的是过去某时前已经完成的动作,故用过去完成时态,选A。
【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。
解答此类题型,首先要注意句子中的时间状语,如果没有则要通过分析上下文,结合语境来判断句子的时态。
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过去完成时一、概念表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作,对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或是结果,用来指在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成了的事件即用过去完成时必须有一个表过去的时间做对比。
二、构成主语+had+动词过去分词(1)肯定句:主语+had+动词过去分词+其他.(2)否定句:主语+had+not+动词过去分词+其他.(3)一般疑问句:Had+主语+动词过去分词+其他?肯定回答:Yes,主语+had.否定回答:No,主语+hadn't.(4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组+had+主语+过去分词+其他?三、过去完成时的语法判定1.由时间状语来判定一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语。
与过去完成时连用的时间状语有:( 1 ) by + 过去的时间点。
如:I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. 昨晚九点我已看完这本小说了。
( 2 ) by the end of + 过去的时间点。
如:We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. 到上学期末我们已经学了二千多个英语单词。
( 3 ) before + 过去的时间点。
如:They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 在上星期三之前,他们已经种了六百棵树了。
2.由"过去的过去"来判定过去完成时表示"过去的过去",是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作,即动作有先后关系,动作在前的用过去完成时,在后的用一般过去时。
这种用法常出现在:( 1 )宾语从句中当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时,且从句的动作先于主句的动作时,从句要用过去完成时。
在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。
如:She said that she had seen the film before. 她说她已经看过这部电影了。
( 2 )状语从句中在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中,主、从句的动作发生有先后关系,动作在前的,要用过去完成时,动作在后的要用一般过去时。
如:After he had finished his homework, he went to bed. 做完作业后,他上床睡觉了。
★before, after 引导的时间状语从句中,由于before 和after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系,若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连,则主、从句都用一般过去时。
如:After he closed the door, he left the classroom.他关上了门,离开了教室。
(3)表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…" 1)We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.我们原本希望你来,但你没有来。
根据上、下文来判定2)I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing. 我昨天在街上遇见了王滔。
自从他去北京,我们都没有见过面。
四、语法区别1.与现在完成时的区别现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去,以now的时间为基点,但侧重对now产生的结果或造成的影响;过去完成时则是一个相对的时态,以过去时间为基点,它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去,更强调"过去的过去",只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时,才用到它。
比较:(1)I have learned 1000 English words so far.到目前为止我已经学会了1000 个英语单词。
(2)I had learned 1000 English words till then.到那时为止我已经学会了1000 个英语单词。
(3)- I'm sorry to keep you waiting. 对不起,让你久等了。
- Oh, not at all. I have been here only a few minutes.没什么,我只等了几分钟。
2.与一般过去时的区别1. 时间状语不同:过去完成时在时间上强调"过去的过去";而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。
比较:(1)They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday.(2)They arrived at the station at ten yesterday.3.过去完成时表示过去的过去,不单独使用,一般和一般过去时一起使用。
4.当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用and 或but 连接时,按时间顺序,只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时;另外,在before ,after ,as soon as 引导的从句中,由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后,因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。
He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper.同步练习一、选择题1.He asked me _____ during the summer holidays.A. where I had beenB. where I had goneC. where had I beenD. where had I gone【解析】句意:他问我,我在暑假期间去哪了?首先本题是一个宾语从句,所以从句要使用陈述语序,排除CD;have been to曾经去过某地,have gone to去了某地,根据句意,故选A.【答案】A2. —Why didn't Tom attend the meeting yesterday?—He ____Beijing.A.has gone to B.had gone to C.went to D.had been to【答案】B3. I ______ 900 English words by the time I was ten。
A. learnedB. was learningC. had learnedD. learnt【解析】句意:到我十岁的时候,我已经学习了900个英语单词。
由时间状语by the time I was ten可知,本题要使用过去完成时,其结构为:主语+had+过去分词+其他。
故选C【答案】C4. She ______lived here for ______ years.A. had, a fewB. has, severalC. had, a lot ofD. has, a great deal of【解析】句意:她住在这里有很多年了。
本题没有过去时,所以也就不能使用过去完成时,因为过去完成时需要以过去时为时间基点,即过去的过去。
由for+时间段可知,本题要使用现在完成时,结构为:主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其他。
a great deal of大量,只能修饰不可数名词,而years为复数,所以不能选择D。
故选B【答案】B5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _____ the dinner already.A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked【解析】句意:当我父母昨天到家的时候,我已经做好晚饭了。
由时间状语By the time...... yesterday可知,本题使用过去完成时。
故选A【答案】A6. She said she __________ the principle alreadyA .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen【解析】句意:她说她已经看了道德原则。
题中“她说”是过去时,而“看过”是发生在过去的过去,所以本题要使用过去完成时。
故选D【答案】D7. She said her family _______ themselves ______ the army during the war.A. has hidden, fromB. had hidden, fromC. has hidden, withD. had hidden, with【答案】B8. When Li Ming hurried home, he found that his mother ____already ____to hospital.A has; been sentB had; sentC has; sentD had; been sent【解析】句意:当李明匆忙到家时,他发现他的妈妈已经被送往医院了。
李明到家时过去时,但是在这之前他妈妈被送往医院,属于过去的过去,所以要使用过去完成时;“被送往医院”要使用被动语态。
故选D 【答案】D9. She had written a number of books ______ the end of last year.A. forB. inC. byD. at【解析】句意:到去年年底,她已经写了很多书。
固定搭配,by the end of到....的末尾。
故选C【答案】C10. He _____ to play ____ before he was 11 years old.A. had learned, pianoB. had learned, the pianoC. has learned, the pianoD. learns ,piano.【解析】句意:在他十一岁之前,他已经学习弹钢琴了。
before he was 11 years old属于过去时,学习钢琴是在过去的过去的动作,所以要使用过去完成时;play与琴类名词搭配时,需要加the。
故选B【答案】B11. The bus had gone when I ____at the bus stop.A.have arrived B.arrived C.had arrived D.am arriving【解析】句意:公交车已经走了,当我到达公交车站时。
本题的主句使用的是过去完成时,所以需要有一个过去时作为时间基点,所以从句要使用一般过去时。