Answer the 2nd book of poetics was dedicated to comedy
英国文学简史练习
英国文学简史练习材料一．填空Fill the following blanks with proper information.1．"The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus"（浮士德博士的悲剧）is one of ____'s best plays. 2．_____ wrote his masterpiece "The Pilgrim's Progress"（天路历程）during his second imprisonment.3.The Preface to ____ by Wordsworth and Coleridge served as the manifesto of ________.4. In the last adventure, Gulliver came to a country where ________ were possessed of reason while ________ were brute beasts.5. Hamlet’s weakness which leads to his final trag ic fall is ________.6. “Read nor to contradict and confute, nor to believe and take for granted” is one of the epigrams found in Bacon’s “________________”.7. “ O, wind, / If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?” is a famous line in Shelley’s “______________”.8. “He has a servant called Friday.” “He” in the quoted sentence is a Character in Defoe’s “____________________”.9. The poem “Auld Lang Syne” was written by the Scottish poet ________________10. William Blake’s The Little Black Boy is taken from a book of poem published at the end of the century, between 1789 and 1794. It is one of a group called Song of ___________.11. Many of Robert Burns’ poems are based on ________ songs and ballads. By using a burden or a chorus from an old song, Burns provides the poems with a higher thematic and artistic effect.12. In the play, “Othello”, written by ________,Othello was innocent of the slightest wrong doing.13. “To be or not to be, that is the question:” This quotation is from William Shakespeare’s play “__________”.14. As a leading Romanticist, G. Byron’s chief contribution is his creation of the _________, a proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin.15. ____________, the full title being The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling,is considered as Henry Fielding’s masterpiece.16. D. H. Lawrence’s autobiographical novel is entitled _____________.17. _____________ is often taken as William Makepeace Thackeray’s masterpiece.18. “______________” is the most popular of F. Bacon’s 58 essays. It analy ses what studies chiefly serve for, the different ways adopted by different people to pursue studies, and have studies exert influence over human character.19. The publication of “______________” by W. Wordsworth and S. T. Coleridge in 1798 is often taken as the formal beginning of Romanticism.20. John Bunyan was imprisoned again in 1675. It was during this second term in prison that he wrote ____________, which was published in 1678 after his release.21. W. Wordsworth is regarded as a “______________”. He can penetrate to the heart of things and give the reader the very life of nature.22. P. C. Shelley’s greatest achievement is his four-act poetic drama, “_______________”(1820). According to the Greek mythology, Prometheus, the champion of humanity, who has stolen the fire from the heaven, is published by Zeus to be chained on Mount Caucasus and suffers the vulture’s feeding on his liver.23. In Pride and Prejudice the misunderstanding happens between _________ and _________. 二．判断Decide whether the following statements are true or false.1．The English people were the first residents in England.2. Beowulf is the oldest poem in the English language, and also the oldest surviving epic in the English language.3. After the Roman Conquest, the English language developed very quickly.4. Christianity was not introduced to England until after the English Conquest.5. The Norman Conquest marked the rise of feudalism in England.6. Paradise Lost took its material from Greek mythology.7. William Burns wrote two volumes of poems:” The Songs of Innocence” and “The Songs of Experience”.8. In the first part of“Gulliver’s Travels”, the hero is cast upon the shore of the island of Lilliput.9. John Bunyan’s masterpiece, “The Pilgrim’s Progress” is an allegory, a nar rative in which general concepts such as sins, despair, and faith are represented as people or as aspects of the natural world.10. In the 18th century English literature, satire is much used in writing. English literature of this age produced a distinguished satirist Jonathan Swift.11. Robert Burns wrote two volumes of poems: "The Songs of Innocence" and “The Songs of Experience”.12. Swift’s masterpiece is “Robinson Crusoe” which contains three parts.13. In the 18th century, novel writing made a great advance. The main characters in the novel were no longer common people, but the kings and nobles.14. Another good example of Swift's satire is his novel: A Modest Proposal.15. Blank verse was most widely used in the history of English poetry and drama up to the twentieth century.16. In the 18th century, satire is much used in writing, English literature of this age produced a distinguished satirist Defoe.17. Robinson Crusoe was actually based on a real fact.18. W. Shakespeare once was an actor.19. J. Milton was greatly influenced by Bible throughout his life.20. “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day” is a line from Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18.21. G. Chaucer did much in making the London dialect the foundation for the Modern English language.22. The Faerie Queene was a long poem written by E. Spenser.23. J. Donne was the founder of the metaphysical poetry.24. Tom Jones, a novel which contains eighteen books and which took Fielding “some thousands ofhours” to complete, is generally considered to be h is masterpiece.25. Robert Burns is the national poet of Ireland. His poetry is unsurpassed for its beautiful lyricismand sincerity of emotions, and is characterized by a profound sympathy for the down-trodden man.26.Tess of the D’Urbervilles is the truthful portrayal of the tragic lot of a poor girl, a pure woman,ruined by the bourgeois society.三．选择Multiple Choice：Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement.1．The English Renaissance period was an age of ______ .A. poetry and dramaB. drama and novelC. novel and poetryD. romance and poetry2. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18?A. The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.B. The speaker satirizes human vanity.C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.D. The speaker meditates on man’s salvation.3. The Metaphysical Poetry is characterized by its extensive use of ________.A. the impersonal voiceB. conceitsC. traditional symbolsD. literary allusions4. John Donne was the founder of the Metaphysical Poetry, and his followers include the following poets except ________.A. Richard CrashawB. George HerbertC. Andrew MarvellD. John Milton5. In Paradise Lost, Milton was unconsciously in sympathy with ________.A. GodB. SatanC. AdamD. Eve6. In addition to The Life and Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, Defoe also wrote ______.A. Tom JonesB. PamelaC. The Adventures of Roderick RandomD. Moll Flanders7. Gulliver's Travels consists of ______ voyages.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four8. Lilliput is a country of ______.A. tiny inhabitantsB. giantsC. flying islandsD. rational horses9. Which of the following statements best describes Gulliver's Travels?A. Gulliver's Travels is a book of satire.B. Gulliver's Travels is a book of adventurous journeys.C. Gulliver's Travels is a realistic representation of 18th century England.D. Both A and B.10. Robert Burns came from ________.A. EnglandB. WalesC. ScotlandD. Ireland11. Lyrical Ballads (1798) was a collection of poems by ________.A. James Thomson and William CollinsB. Thomas Gray and Robert BurnsC. Percy Bysshe Shelley and George Gordon ByronD. William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge12. “The Lamb” is included in William Blake’s ________.A. Poetical SketchesB. The Songs of InnocenceC. The Songs of ExperienceD. The Marriage of Heaven and Hell13. William Wordsworth is frequently referred to as ________.A. a religious poetB. a worshipper of natureC. a modern poetD. a worshipper of beauty14. Of the following definitions of poetry, the one which is incorrectly paired with its author is ________.A. “Poetry is the most beautiful and effective mode of saying things”—Matthew ArnoldB. “Poetry—the best words in their best order”—Samuel Taylor ColeridgeC. “The record of the best and happiest moment of the happiest and best minds”—Percy Bysshe ShelleyD. “The spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings”—Robert Burns15. The description of “a man proud, moody, cynical, with defiance on his brow, and misery in his heart, a scorner of his kind, implacable in revenge, yet capable of deep and strong affect ion” may be applied to ________.A. an epic heroB. an antiheroC. a Byronic heroD. a modern hero16. John Keats wrote the following except ______.A. EndymionB. The Eve of St. AgnesC. "Ode to a Nightingale"D. "Ode to Duty"17. In “Ode to the West Wind”, the wild west wind is referred to as the wind of ________.A. springB. summerC. autumnD. winter18. The Canterbury Tales was written in ________.A. Old EnglishB. Middle EnglishC. Modern EnglishD. Current Modern English19. Pilgrims travel to the shrine of St. Thomas Becket at Canterbury in ________.A. MarchB. AprilC. MayD. June20. ________ pilgrims plus Chaucer are assembled at the Tabard Inn in the southern part of London.A. 25B. 27C. 29D. 3121. Chaucer was a master of the heroic couplet which consists of two rhyming lines in iambic pentameter. Iambic pentameter meansA. the line has 6 feet, and an unstressed syllable is followed by a stressed syllable.B. the line has 6 feet, and a stressed syllable is followed by an unstressed syllable.C. the line has 5 feet, and an unstressed syllable is followed by a stressed syllable.D. the line has 5 feet, and a stressed syllable is followed by an unstressed syllable.22. Shakespeare’s fou r great tragedies are _________A. Anthony and Cleopatra, Coriolanus, King Lear, Timon of AthensB. Twelfth Night, Cynbeline, The Winter’s Tale, and The TempestC. Hamlet, Othello, King John, and MacbethD. Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth23. The story of Hamlet takes place in ________.A. EnglandB. DenmarkC. ItalyD. Germany24. Romeo and Juliet belongs to Shakespeare’s ________.A. romantic comedyB. comedyC. tragedyD. historical plays25. A sonnet is a poem of ________ lines, usually in iambic pentameter, with rhymes arranged according to a certain definite patterns.A. 8B. 6C. 14D. 2426. The phrase “a single man in possession of a good fortune” is applied to a single man with _____.A. luckB. statusC. wealthD. health27. In 1066, _________led the Norman army to invade and defeat England.A. William the ConquerorB. Julius CaesarC. Alfred the GreatD. Claudius28. Chaucer died on the 25th of October 1400, and was buried in _______.A. FlandersB. FranceC. ItalyD. Westminster Abbey29. From the following, choose the one, which is not Francis Bacon's work.A. The advancement of LearningB. The New InstrumentC. EssaysD. Venus and Adonis30. "The Canterbury Tales" is Chaucer's greatest work and written for the greater part in ________ couplet.A. iambicB. pentameterC. metricalD. heroic31. "Hamlet", "______", "King Lear" and "Macbeth" are generally regarded as Shakespeare's four great tragedies.A. Romeo and JulietB. Timon of AthensC. A Lover's ComplaintD. Othello32. ________ wrote his masterpiece "The Pilgrim's Progress" during his second imprisonment.A. BunyanB. MiltonC. DonneD. Dryden33. Emily Bronte wrote only one novel: entitled ________.A. ProfessorB. Jane EyreC. Wuthering HeightsD. Shirley34. Defoe's masterpiece ________ is based upon the experiences of Alexander Selkirk, who had been marooned in the island of Juan Fernadez off the coast of Chile and who had had lived here in solitude for five years.A. Captain SingletonB. Robinson CrusoeC. Colonel jackD. Captain Avery35. Which of the followings was not written by Blake?A. The Songs of ExperienceB. The Songs of InnocenceC. Elegy Written in a Country ChurchyardD. The Chimney Sweepers36. ____was a critical realist and also a severe exposer of contemporary society .His novels, such as "Vanity Fair", are mainly a satirical portrayal of the upper strata of society.A. George Eliot.B. Elizabeth GaskellC. William Makepeace ThackerayD. John Bunyan37. The title of the novel "Vanity Fair" was taken from Bunyan's masterpiece "____________".A. The Pilgrim's ProgressB. Childe Harold's PilgrimageC. Gulliver's TravelsD. The Canterbury Tales38. _______ can be justly termed England's national epic and its hero Beowulf --- one of the national heroes of the English people.A. SeafarerB. BeowulfC. WildsithD. Cynewulf39. _______ are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission.A. balladsB. romancesC. sonnetsD. prose40. Which work has employed subjects from the Greek mythology?A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Prometheus Unbound41. In the 18th century English literature, the representative poet of pre-romanticism were ______.A. Alexander PopeB. William BlakeC. Jonathan SwiftD. John Keats42. Beowulf was written in ___________.A. FrenchB. Modern EnglishC. Old EnglishD. Middle English43. Chaucer was the first important poet of a royal court to write in _______.A. FrenchB. EnglishC. LatinD. Spanish44. Shylock is a character in the play ___________ by Shakespeare.A. The Merchant of VeniceB. Romeo and JulietC. As You Like ItD. Hamlet45. Of all the romantic poets in the 18th century, ___ is the most independent and the most original.A. Thomas GrayB. William BlakeC. Alexander PopeD. Daniel Defoe46. The story of “___________” is the culmination of the Arthurian romances.A. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightsB. Piers the PlowmanC. The story of BeowulfD. The Canterbury of Tales47. "When , in disgrace with Fortune and men’s eyes," This is the beginning line of one of Shakespeare's ________.A. songsB. playsC. comediesD. sonnets48. The 18th century witnessed a new literary form－the modern English novel, which, contrary to the medieval romance, gives a ______ presentation of life of the common people.A. romanticB. realisticC. propheticD. idealistic49. As a whole, ______is one of the most effective and devastating criticisms and satires of all aspects in the then English and European life—socially, politically, religiously, philosophically, scientifically, and morally.A. Moll FlandersB. Gulliver’s TravelsC. Pilgrim’s ProgressD. The School for Sc andal50. Which of the following works best represents the national spirit of the 18th-century England?A. Robinson CrusoeB. Gulliver’s TravelsC. Jonathan Wild the GreatD. A Sentimental Journey51. In the first part of the novel Pride and prejudice, Mr. Darcy has a (n) ____ of the Bennet family .A. high opinionB. great admirationC. low opinionD. erroneous view52. Wordsworth’s poetry is distinguished by the simplicity as well as theA. purity of his languageB. ornateness of his languageC. elegant of languageD. coarseness of his language53. The Romantic Age came to an end with the death of the last well-known romantic writer ___________.A. Jane AustenB. Walter ScottC. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. William Wordsworth54. Austen was the first woman writer to touch the following themeA. The struggle between the working classB. the predicament of the womenC. the torture of human soulD. the freedom of marriage55. ________is not Shakespeare’s wo rk.A. HamletB. King LearC. OthelloD. The Faerie56. The Four Greatest Tragedies of Shakespeare’s do not include_______.A. Romeo and JulietB. HamletC. MacbethD. Othello57. _______is the essence of Renaissance.A. RealismB. RomanticismC. RomanceD. Humanism58. _______ is not written by John Milton.A. Paradise lostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Beowulf59. In Robinson Crusoe, Defoe eulogizes the hero of the ______A. aristocratic classB. enterprising landlordC. rising bourgeoisieD. hard-working people60. Romanticism doesn’t emphasize ______.A. the special qualities of each individual’s mindB. the inner world of the human spiritC. individualityD. the features that men have in common61. _______ Publish Lyrical Ballads in 1789 with Coleridge.A. ByronB. WordsworthC. ShelleyD. Keats62. Don Juan is the masterpiece of _________.A. Lord Byron’sB. P. B. Shelley’sC. John Keats’sD. Samuel Coleridge’s63. ________ is not a work by Charles DickensA. Oliver TwistB. David CopperfieldC. MiddlemarchD. A Tale of Two Cities64. Wuthering Heights is a masterpiece written by _____.A. Charlotte BronteB. Emily BronteC. Ann BronteD. Branwell Bronte65. _______ is not D. H. Lawrence’s work.A. Finnegan’s WakeB. Sons and LoversC. Lady Chatterley’s LoverD. The Rain Bow66. _______ frequently applied conceits in his poems.A. SpenserB. DonneC. BlakeD. Thomas Gray67. _______ is known as "the poet's poet".A. ShakespeareB. MarloweC. SpenserD. Donne68. The middle of the 18th century was predominated by a newly rising literary form, that is the modern English ______, which gives a realistic presentation of life of the common English people.A. proseB. short storyC. novelD. tragicomedy69. Dickens' works are characterized by a mingling of _______ and pathos.A. humorB. satireC. passionD. metaphor70. The success of Jane Eyre is not only because of its sharp criticism of the existing society, but also due to its introduction to the English novel the first ______ heroine.A. explorerB. peasantC. workerD. governess。
判断题 英国文学
1.The progress of bourgeois economy made England a powerful state and enabledher in 1588 to inflict a defeat on the Spanish Invincible Armada. T2.The Protestant Reformation was in essence a religious movement in a politicalguise. F3.Before the Reformation, the English Bible was universally used by the Catholicchurches. F4.Shakespeare’s sonnets are divided into three groups: Numbers 1—17, Numbers18—126, and Numbers 127—154. T5.Shakespeare’s sonnets are written for variety of virtues. T6.Shakespeare wrote about his own people and for his own time. T7.To reproduce the real life, Shakespeare often combines the majestic with the funny,the poetic with the prosaic(散文体的) and tragic with the comic. T8.Utopia is More’s masterpiece, written in the form of letters betw een More andHythloday, a voyage. F9.Both the gentlemen and the common people went to the theatres. But the upperclass was the dominant force in Elizabethan theatre. T10.From Shakespeare’s history plays, it can be seen that Shakespeare took a greatinterest in the political questions of his time. T11.Generally speaking, after Shakespeare, the English drama was undergoing aprocess of prosperity. F12.English Renaissance Period was an age of poetry and drama, and was an age ofprose. F13.Utopia, Book One, describes an ideal communist society. F14.English literature of the 17th century witnessed a flourish on the whole. F15.The Revolution Period is also called Age of Milton because it produced a greatpoet whole name is William Milton. F16.The main literary form in literature of Revolution Period is drama. F17.Among the English poets during the Revolution Period, John Donne was thegreatest one. F18.The greatest epic produced by Milton, Paradise Lost, is written in heroic couplets.F19.The 18th century was an age of poetry. A group of excellent prose writers, such asJonathan Swift, Samuel Richardson, Henry Fielding, were produced. F20.Novel writing made a big advance in the 18th century. The main characters in thenovels were no longer common people, but the kings and nobles. F21.The 19th century produced the first English novelists, who fall into two groups: thesentimentalist novelists and the realist novelist. F22.Robert Burns is remembered mainly for his songs written in the English dialect ona variety of subjects. F23.My Hea rt’s in the Highlands is one of the best known poems written by RobertBurns in which he pored his unshakable love for his homeland. T24.Many of Goldsmith’s poems were put to music. F25.Pre-romanticism is ushered by Burns and Blake and represented by Percy,Macpherson and Chatterton. F26.English Romantic literature started from mid-18th to the early 19th century. F27.Jane Austen is one of the greatest romantic woman novelists. T28.After composing the Lucy poems, Wordsworth began his The Prelude . T29.P.B. Shelley gaine d his nickname, “Mad Shelley” because of his independent andrebellious attitude. T30.Lyrical Ballads begins with Coleridge’s long poem, “Tintern Abbey”. F31.Many of the subjects of the poems in Lyrical Ballads deal with elements of nature.T32.Coleridge wrote the majority of poems in Lyrical Ballads. F33.Wordsworth’s“I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud” has another name, Growth of aPoet’s Mind. F34.The Prelude is a long and autobiographical poem considered as Coleridge’smasterpiece. F35.Some romantic writers stood on the side of the feudal forces and even combinedthemselves with those forces. T36.Wordsworth and Coleridge are revolutionary Romantic poets. F37.Byron and Shelley and Keats are known as the romantic poets of the secondgeneration. T38.The romanticists paid great attention to the spiritual and emotional life of man. T39.Jane Austen is a writer who regards novel writing as a sophisticated art. T40.The story of Shelley’s Prometheus Unbound was taken from Roman mythology. F41.Shelley is one of the leading Romantic poets, an intense and original lyrical poetin the English language. T42.Byron’s Don Juan begins with descriptions of the hero’s childhood. T43.Byron’s literary career was closely linked with the struggle and progressivemovements of his age. T44.Byron opposed oppression and slavery, and has a passionate love for liberty. T45.Wordsworth drew inspirations from the mountains and lakes. T46.Dickens’ The Pickwick Papers gives a rather comprehensive picture of early 19thcentury England. T47.Mr. Pickwick and Sam Weller were two major characters in The Pickwick Paperswhich aroused the interests of the readers. T48.In Oliver Twist, Dickens makes his readers aware of the inhumanity of country lifeunder capitalism. F49.The title Bleak House is not only the name of a house but is also an apt (贴切的)description of the society of the time. T50.Hard Times is a fierce attack on the bourgeois system of education and ethics(论理学，道德学) and on utilitarianism (功利主义）. T51.A Tale of Two Cities takes the Industrial Revolution as the subject. F52.The theme underlying A Tale of Two Cities is the idea “Where there is oppression,there is revolution.” T53.The story of Tess is filled with a feeling of dismal foreboding and doom. T54.Fateful circumstances and tragic coincidences abound in the book of Jude theObscure. F55.James Joyce and Virginia Woolf are the two best-known novelists of the “streamof consciousness” school. T56. With the establishment of the Jacobin dictatorship in France, Wordsworth’s attitude toward revolution changed into active. ( F )57．In the revised version of Lyrical Ballads, Coleridge held that poetry is the “spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling”. ( F )58. Romanticism is a literary trend. It prevailed in England in the period (1798---1832) ( F )59. The ideals of French Revolution are liberty, democracy, and equality. ( F )6. The brilliant literary criticism “Biographia Literaria” is written by Wordsworth. ( F )60. A Tale of Two Cities belongs to the first writing phase of Dickens’s career, and the two cities are London and Paris. ( F )61. Symbolism, Surrealism, Imagism, Expressionism, etc, all belong to School of Modernism. ( T )62. The Rainbow is D. H. Lawrence’s autobiographical work. ( T )63. Chaucer employed the heroic couplet in writing his greatest work The Canterbury tales. T64. Shakespeare’s plays have been traditionally divided into four categories according to dramatic type: histories, comedies, tragedies and romances. T65. John Milton’s Paradise Lost opens with the description of a meeting among the fallen angels, and ends with the departure of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden. T66. “ Till a’ the seas gang dry, my dear, / And the rocks melt wi’ the sun: / I will luve thee still, my dear, / While the sands of life shall run.” The above lines are take n from the famous poem “Scots Wha Hae”. F67. In Gulliver’s Travels, Yahoos are the creatures living in Houyhnynms. T68. As an age of romantic enthusiasm, the Romantic Age began in 1789 when Wordsworth and Coleridge published Lyrical Ballads. F69. Odes a re generally regarded as Keats’ most important and mature works. T70. Wuthering Heights is written by Ann Bronte. It is a morbid story of love, but a powerful attack on the bourgeois marriage system. F71.The English translation of the Bible emerged as a result of the struggle betweenProtestant and Catholicism. T72.The Bible was notably translated into English by the Protestants. T73.Apart from the religious influence, the Authorized Version has had a greatinfluence on English language and literature. T74.Rationalism is the theme of the English Renaissance, which emphasized thecapacities of human mind and the achievements of human nature. F75.Sonnets contain Italian sonnets and Shakespeare sonnets. T76.The highest glory of the English Renaissance was unquestionably its novel. F77.In the 16th century, London became the centre of English drama. T78.In the Elizabethan Theater, there were no actress and women’s parts were alwaystaken by boys. T79.Shakespeare’s drama becomes a monument of the English neo-classicism. F80.The Pilgrim’s Progress gives a vivid and satirical picture of Vanity Fair which isthe symbol of London at the time of Restoration. T81.John Milton’s masterpiece, The Pilgrim’s Progress, is an allegory, a narrative inwhich general concepts such as sins, despair, and faith are represented as people or as aspects of the natural world. F82.Satan is the hero in Milton’s masterpiece The Pilgrim’s Progress. F83.English enlighteners believed in the emmotion. F84.English enlighteners believed that social problems could be dealt with by humanintelligence. T。
21世纪大学英语读写教程第二册课文翻译及课后答案
一份耕耘一份收获答案只是参考请大家努力自学21世纪大学英语读写教程第二册课文翻译及课后答案第一单元UNIT1 翻译TEXT A 温斯顿丘吉尔——他的另一种生活玛丽索姆斯我的父亲温斯顿丘吉尔是在40几岁开始迷恋上绘画的当时他正身处逆境。
1915年作为海军大臣他深深地卷入了达达尼尔海峡的一场战役。
原本那次战役是能够缩短一场血腥的世界大战的但它却失败了人员伤亡惨重为此丘吉尔作为公务员和个人都付出了代价他被免去了海军部的职务失去了显赫的政治地位。
“我本以为他会因忧伤而死的。
”他的妻子克莱门泰因说。
被这一不幸压垮的他同家人一起退隐到萨里郡的一个乡间居处---耘锄农场。
在那儿正如丘吉尔日后所回忆的“绘画女神拯救了我” 一天他正在花园里漫步正巧碰上他的弟妹在用水彩画素描。
他观看了她几分钟然后借过她的画笔试了一下身手----于是缪斯女神施展了她的魔法。
自那天以后温斯顿便爱上了绘画。
任何能让沉浸在忧思中的温斯顿分心的事情都让克莱门泰因高兴。
于是她赶紧去买来她所能找到的各种颜料和画具。
水彩颜料、油画颜料、纸张、帆布画布---很快耘锄农场里便堆满了一个绘画者可能想要或需要的各样东西。
画油画最终成了温斯顿的一大爱好---但是最初几步却出奇地艰难。
他凝视着他的第一块空白画布异乎寻常地紧张。
他日后回忆道“我迟疑不决地选了一管蓝色颜料然后小心翼翼地在雪白的底子上的画上蚕豆般大小的一笔。
就在这时我听到车道上传来一辆汽车的声音于是一份耕耘一份收获答案只是参考请大家努力自学惊恐地丢下我的画笔。
当我看清是谁从汽车里走出来时更是惊慌失措。
来者正是住在附近的著名画家约翰莱佛利爵士的妻子。
“…在画画呢‟她大声说道。
…多么有趣。
可你还在等什么呢把画笔给我---大的那支。
‟她猛地用笔蘸起颜料还没等我缓过神来她已经挥笔泼墨在惊恐不已的画布上画下了有力的几道蓝色。
谁都看得出画布无法回击。
我不再迟疑。
我抓起那支最大的画笔迅猛异常地向我可怜的牺牲品扑了过去。
英国文学史智慧树知到答案章节测试2023年西北师范大学
第一章测试1.______, the “father of English poetry” and one of the greatest narrative poets ofEngland, was born in London in about 1340.A:John DrydenB:Francis BaconC:Geoffrey ChaucerD:Sir Gawain答案:C2.Of the following poets, which is not regarded as “Lake Poets” ?A:Robert SoutheyB:John Donne.C:William WordsworthD:Saumel Taylor Coleridge答案:B3.Who wrote Waiting for Godot ?A:Samuel BeckettB:Martin AmisC:Harold PinterD:John Berger答案:A4.The most gifted of the “university wits” was ____.A:PeeleB:LylyC:GreeneD:Marlowe答案:D5. Utopia was written in the form of _____.A:dramaB:essayC:proseD:dialogue答案:D6.Shakespeare’s plays written between _____ are sometimes called “romances”and all end in reconciliation and reunion.A:1601 and 1607B:1595 and 1600C:1590 and 1594D:1608 and 1612答案:C7.Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies include _____.A:King LearB:HamletC:MacbethE:Romeo and Juliet答案:ABCD8.Which of the following is Not written by D. H. Lawrence?A:The Waste LandB:DublinersC:To the LighthouseD:Women in Love答案:ABC9.Sir Philip Sidney is well-known as a poet and dramatist.A:对B:错答案:B10.Joseph Conrad’s novels have groups: jungle novels, sea novels and politicalnovels.A:错B:对答案:B第二章测试1.What is the oldest literary form?Poetry.A:对B:错答案:A2.Beowulf is ______.A:a heroB:a kingC: a monsteD:a writer答案:AB3.The author of Piers Plowman is ______.A:Robin HoodB:BeowulfC:William LanglandD:William答案:C4.The Canterbury Tales is the only work of Chaucer.A:错B:对答案:A5.Shakespearean sonnet is imported from______.A:ItalyB:FranceD:Russia答案:Aton’s fame and reputation derive chiefly from______.A: ComusB:Paradise LostC:Samson AgonistesD:“Lycidas”答案:B7.The first professional non-dramatic poet in English is Alexander Pope.A:对B:错答案:A8.______ was the keystone of Shelley’s poetic achievement.A:Prometheus UnboundB:Childe Harold’s PilgrimageC:The Eve of St. AgnesD:The Revolt of Islam答案:A9.“The Big Three” of Victorian poets are Tennyson, Browning and Keats.A:对B:错答案:B10.In 1923 Yeats was awarded______.A:The Pulitzer PrizeB:Man Booker International PrizeC:the Nobel Prize for LiteratureD:Forward Prizes for Poetry答案:C第三章测试1.________ was considered the highest achievement of Oscar Wilde as aplaywright.A:The Dumb WaiterB: The Importance of Being EarnestC:The School for ScandalD:King Lear答案:B2.In 1938, a film version of ________ earned Bernard Shaw an Academy Awardfor his screenplay.A:PygmalionB: Doctor FaustusC:OthelloD: The Second Shepherds’ Play答案:A3.Beckett secured his position as a master dramatist on April 3, 1957 when hissecond masterpiece, _________, premiered (in French) at the Royal CourtTheatre in London.A:All That FallB:Krapp’s Last TapeC: EndgameD:Waiting for Godot答案:C4. Christopher Marlowe wrote some important plays, including ________.A:The Jew of MaltaB:TamburlaineC:Doctor FaustusD:Edward II答案:ABCD5.Shakespeare is marked by his romantic comedies like ________.A:Twelfth NightB:The Merchant of VeniceC:Much Ado about NothingD: As You Like It答案:ABCD6.George Bernard Shaw’s plays include ________.A:Widower’s HousesB:PygmalionC:Saint JoanD:Mrs. Warren’s Profession答案:ABCD7.Morality plays used religious characters and religious themes to teach amoral lesson.A:错B:对答案:B8.Macbeth has been the most popular of Shakespeare’s plays in the last 400years. It was the firstof Shakespeare’s plays to be translated into Chinese.A:错B:对答案:A9.The Rivals is generally recognized as one of the masterpieces of BritishDrama and the greatest of the 18th-century English comedy of manners.A:错B:对答案:A10.The first half of the 20th century also saw the attempted revival of drama inverse.A:对B:错答案:A第四章测试1.Which of the following has been considered as the best specimen of the OldEnglish prose？A:UtopiaB:An Apology for PoetryC:History of King Richard IIID:The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle答案:D2.John Milton’s ______ (1644) is the first great plea in English for the freedom ofthe press.A:Paradise LostB:Religio MediciC:AreopagiticaD:The Complete Angler答案:C3.______ is sometimes called the third great Victorian poet, alongwith Alfred Tennyson and Robert Browning.A:Matthew ArnoldB:Joseph AddisonC:William HazlittD:Sir Richard Steele答案:A4.Senecan style of English prose emphasizes ______ and ______.A:lucidityB: logicC: expressivenessD:rhetoric答案:AC5.According to what we have discussed about English essay, which of thefollowing genre can NOT be understood as Essay?A:NovelB:DramaC:PoetryD:Prose答案:ABC6.Which of the following prose works were written by Thomas Carlyle?A:The French RevolutionB:The SpectatorC:A Tale of Two CitiesD:Chartism答案:AD7. The reason why Maugham is so popular among the readers might be that hiswritting is complicated and confusing.A:错B:对答案:A8. Jonathan Swift shows his support for the rich English in A Modest Proposal.A:对B:错答案:B9. Thomas Carlyle handled the English language as if it were completely rawmaterial that he had to recast from the ground up.A:对B:错答案:A10.The 18th century witnessed the rising of magazines and the increasingpopularity of essays.A:错B:对答案:B第五章测试1.What kind of elements should be taken into consideration when we analyze anovel?A:SettingB:characterizationC:plotD: themes答案:ABCD2.Distinct achievements of Charles Dickens’ novels are the followingEXCEPT________.A:character sketches and exaggeration.B:the high praise for the power of proletariatC:broad humor and penetrating satire.D:complicated and fascinating plot.答案:B3.Thomas Hardy’s novel can be divided into three groups: Romances andFantasies, Novels of Ingenuity and Novels of Character and Environment. The most important ones were the third group, among which Tess and ____ werevery famous.A: Jude the ObscureB: Far from the Madding CrowdC: Under the Greenwood TreeD:The Mayor of Casterbidge答案:A4.Which of the following novels were written by George Eliot?A:MiddlemarchB: To the LighthouseC:Silas MarnerD: Adam Bede答案:ACD5.Which of the following statements is true about Bronte sisters?A:Their novels by them include The Professor, Shirley, Adam Bede.B: Jane Eyre is Emily Bronte’s autographical fiction.C:Charlotte Bronte’s masterpiece is Wuthering Heights.D:Together with George Eliot, they were important female writers ofVictorian Age.答案:D6.What are Thackeray’s gre atest achievement in novel writing?A: descriptive power makeB:complicated plots.C:subtle characterizationD:the narrative skill答案:ABCD7.Novel in the modern era usually makes use of a literary prose style .A:错B:对答案:B8.Daniel Defoe was regarded as the farther of epistolary novel.A:对B:错答案:B9.Oliver Goldsmith was famous for his novel A Sentimental Journey.A:错B:对答案:A10.Sir Walter Scott was among the first to draw upon religion as source materialfor his fiction and is generally cited as the father of the critical realism.A:对B:错答案:B第六章测试1.In the Edward Period, the Victorian values totally diminished.A:对B:错答案:B2. H. G. Wells is a prominent social satirist.A:错B:对答案:B3.Animal Farm isn’t an anti- Utopian novel.A:对B:错答案:B4. ____ proposed that both clock and psychological time should be measured.A:AristotleB:Bertrand RussellC:Sigmund FreudD:Henri Bergson答案:D5.The three literary giants in the Edwardian Period include Herbert GeorgeWells, Arnold Bennett, and ___.A:William SomersetB:John GalsworthyC:The other three are right.D:James Joyce答案:B6.Most of Henry James’ novels deal with the clashes between ____.A:the American and the EuropeanB:flesh and spiritC:the past and the futureD:The other three are right.答案:A7.In the short lifetime, Mansfield produced more than 70 short stories, amongwhich, ___ may be the best one.A:“Araby”B:“Bliss”C:The other three are right.D:“The Garden Party”答案:D8.Virginia Woolf’s major novels include ___.A:The WavesB:Mrs. DallowayC:The RainbowD:To the Lighthouse答案:ABD9.In the transition of British fiction from realism to modernism, major figuresincluded ____.A:Joseph ConradB:Virginia WoolfC:E. M. ForsterD:Henry James答案:ACD10.At the peak of British modernist fiction, there appeared such masters as ____.A:Virginia WoolfB:D. H. LawrenceC:Henry JamesD:James Joyce答案:ABD第七章测试1.Britain began to build a “welfare state” after 1954.A:对B:错答案:B2.John Wayne and Kingsley Aymis’s novels became the precursors of “angryyoung men”.A:对B:错答案:A3.The novels of the “Angry Young Men” are also called “Social SatiricalComedy”.A:错B:对答案:B4.Most of “The Angry Young Men” are from ________.A:BourgeoisieB:Upper-ClassC:Middle ClassD:Lower Class答案:D5. Which of following is regarded as the representative of “The Angry YoungMen”?A:John GalsworthyB:Kingsley AmisC:Jim DixonD:Thomas Hardy答案:B6.In 1990, _________ followed Margaret Thatcher as the Prime Minister.A:Clement AttleeB:George BushC:Tony BlairD:John Major答案:D7.Samuel Beckett won the Nobel Prize for Literature in ____.A:1969B:1980C:1973D:1963答案:A8.Which of the following won Novel Prize for Literature?A:Elias CanettiB:William GoldingC:V. S. NaipaulD:Doris Lessing答案:ABCD9.Iris Murdoch’s philosophical books include ______.A:Existentialists and Mystics (1997).B:The Fire and the SunC:Sartre: Romantic RationalistD:The Sovereignty of Good答案:ABCD10.Malcolm B radbury’s novels include ______.A:The History ManB:Changing PlacesC:Eating People Is WrongD:Rate of Exchange答案:ACD。
王守仁《英国文学选读》（第4版）配套题库-章节题库-第4、5单元【圣才出品】
王守仁《英国⽂学选读》（第4版）配套题库-章节题库-第4、5单元【圣才出品】第4单元17世纪英国诗⼈Ⅰ. Fill in the blanks.1. In the Revolution Period _____ towers over his age as William Shakespeare towers over the Elizabethan Age and as Chaucer towers over the Medieval Period.【答案】John Milton【解析】在英国资产阶级⾰命期间，约翰·弥尔顿可与伊丽莎⽩时代的莎⼠⽐亚和中世纪的乔叟相媲美。
2. The poems of John Donne belong to two categories: the _____ and the later _____. 【答案】youthful love lyrics；sacred verses【解析】受⽣活经历的影响，约翰·多恩的诗歌可分为两部分：年轻有活⼒的爱情诗和庄严的宗教诗。
3. In 1637 Milton wrote the finest pastoral elegy in English, _____, to memorize the tragic death of a Cambridge friend.【答案】Lycidas【解析】Lycidas是英国诗⼈⽶尔顿年轻时为溺海夭亡的剑桥同学⾦（Edward King）写的⼀⾸悼诗。
4. About the beginning of the 17th century appeared a school of poets called “ _____” by Samuel Johnson, the 18th century writer.【答案】Metaphysicals【解析】⾸先⽤“⽞学派”这名词的是18世纪英国诗⼈、批评家德莱顿。
Poetry总介绍
Poetry is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language—such as phonaesthetics, sound symbolism, and metre—to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, the prosaic ostensible meaning.Poetry has a long history, dating back to the Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh. Early poems evolved from folk songs such as the Chinese Shijing, or from a need to retell oral epics, as with the Sanskrit Vedas(吠陀经), Zoroastrian Gathas（索罗亚斯德教的《迦特》）, and the Homeric epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey. Ancient attempts to define poetry, such as Aristotle's Poetics, focused on the uses of speech in rhetoric, drama, song and comedy. Later attempts concentrated on features such as repetition, verse form and rhyme, and emphasized the aesthetics which distinguish poetry from more objectively informative, prosaic forms of writing. From the mid-20th century, poetry has sometimes been more generally regarded as a fundamental creative act employing language.Poetry uses forms and conventions to suggest differential interpretation to words, or to evoke emotive responses. Devices such as assonance（类韵，谐音）, alliteration, onomatopoeia and rhythm are sometimes used to achieve musical or incantatory（咒语的，魔咒的）effects. The use of ambiguity, symbolism, irony and other stylistic elements of poetic diction often leaves a poem open to multipleinterpretations. Similarly figures of speech such as metaphor, simile and metonymy（转喻）create a resonance（共鸣，反响）between otherwise disparate images—a layering of meanings, forming connections previously not perceived. Kindred（相似的，亲属关系）forms of resonance may exist, between individual verses, in their patterns of rhyme or rhythm.Some poetry types are specific to particular cultures and genres and respond to characteristics of the language in which the poet writes. Readers accustomed to identifying poetry with Dante, Goethe, and Rumi may think of it as written in lines based on rhyme and regular meter; there are, however, traditions, such as Biblical poetry, that use other means to create rhythm and euphony（悦耳之音）. Much modern poetry reflects a critique of poetic tradition, playing with and testing, among other things, the principle of euphony itself, sometimes altogether forgoing（放弃，停止）rhyme or set rhythm. In today's increasingly globalized world, poets often adapt forms, styles and techniques from diverse cultures and languages.HISTORYPoetry as an art form may predate literacy. Epic poetry, from the Indian Vedas(1700–1200 BC) and Zoroaster's Gathas to the Odyssey (800–675 BC), appears to have been composed in poetic form to aidmemorization and oral transmission, in prehistoric and ancient societies. Other forms of poetry developed directly from folk songs. The earliest entries in the ancient compilation Shijing, were initially lyrics, preceding later entries intended to be read.The oldest surviving epic poem is the Epic of Gilgamesh, from the 3rd millennium BC in Sumer (in Mesopotamia, now Iraq), which was written in cuneiform（楔形文字）script on clay tablets and, later, papyrus （纸沙草）. Other ancient epic poetry includes the Greek epics Iliad and Odyssey, the Old Iranian books the Gathic Avesta and Yasna, the Roman national epic, Virgil's Aeneid（埃涅依德）, and the Indian epics Ramayana （罗摩传）and Mahabharata（摩诃婆罗多）.The efforts of ancient thinkers to determine what makes poetry distinctive as a form, and what distinguishes good poetry from bad, resulted in "poetics"—the study of the aesthetics of poetry. Some ancient poetic traditions; such as, contextually, Classical Chinese poetry in the case of the Shijing (Classic of Poetry), which records the development of poetic canons（真作，真经）with ritual and aesthetic importance. More recently, thinkers have struggled to find a definition that could encompass formal differences as great as those between Chaucer's Canterbury Tales and Matsuo Bashō's（松尾芭蕉）Oku no Hosomichi（奥之细道）, as wellas differences in context spanning Tanakh（希伯来圣经）religious poetry, love poetry, and rap.GenresA poetic genre is generally a tradition or classification of poetry based on the subject matter, style, or other broader literary characteristics. Some commentators view genres as natural forms of literature. Others view the study of genres as the study of how different works relate and refer to other works.Narrative poetryNarrative poetry is a genre of poetry that tells a story. Broadly it subsumes epic poetry, but the term "narrative poetry" is often reserved for smaller works, generally with more appeal to human interest. Narrative poetry may be the oldest type of poetry. Many scholars of Homer have concluded that his Iliad and Odyssey were composed from compilations of shorter narrative poems that related individual episodes. Much narrative poetry—such as Scottish and English ballads, and Baltic（波罗的海）and Slavic（斯拉夫语的）heroic poems—is performance poetry with roots in a preliterate oral tradition. It has been speculated that some features that distinguish poetry from prose, such as meter, alliteration and kennings, once served as memory aids for bards（吟游诗人）who recitedtraditional tales.Notable narrative poets have included Ovid, Dante, Juan Ruiz, Chaucer, William Langland, Luís de Camões, Shakespeare, Alexander Pope, Robert Burns, Fernando de Rojas, Adam Mickiewicz, Alexander Pushkin, Edgar Allan Poe and Alfred Tennyson.Epic poetryEpic poetry is a genre of poetry, and a major form of narrative literature. This genre is often defined as lengthy（漫长的，冗长的）poems concerning events of a heroic or important nature to the culture of the time. It recounts, in a continuous narrative, the life and works of a heroic or mythological person or group of persons. Examples of epic poems are Homer's Iliad and Odyssey, Virgil's Aeneid, the Nibelungenlied,Luís de Camões' Os Lusíadas, the Cantar de Mio Cid, the Epic of Gilgamesh, the Mahabharata, Valmiki's Ramayana, Ferdowsi's Shahnama, Nizami (or Nezami)'s Khamse (Five Books), and the Epic of King Gesar. While the composition of epic poetry, and of long poems generally, became less common in the west after the early 20th century, some notable epics have continued to be written. Derek Walcott won a Nobel prize to a great extent on the basis of his epic, Omeros.Dramatic poetryDramatic poetry is drama written in verse to be spoken or sung, and appears in varying, sometimes related forms in many cultures. Greek tragedy in verse dates to the 6th century B.C., and may have been an influence on the development of Sanskrit drama, just as Indian drama inturn appears to have influenced the development of the bianwen verse dramas in China, forerunners of Chinese Opera. East Asian verse dramas also include Japanese Noh（能剧）. Examples of dramatic poetry in Persian literature include Nizami's two famous dramatic works, Layla and Majnun and Khosrow and Shirin, Ferdowsi's tragedies such as Rostam and Sohrab, Rumi's Masnavi, Gorgani's tragedy of Vis and Ramin, and Vahshi's tragedy of Farhad.Satirical poetryPoetry can be a powerful vehicle for satire. The Romans had a strong tradition of satirical poetry, often written for political purposes. A notable example is the Roman poet Juvenal's satires.The same is true of the English satirical tradition. John Dryden (a Tory), the first Poet Laureate, produced in 1682 Mac Flecknoe, subtitled "A Satire on the True Blue Protestant Poet, T.S." (a reference to Thomas Shadwell). Another master of 17th-century English satirical poetry was John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester. Satirical poets outside England include Poland's Ignacy Krasicki, Azerbaijan's Sabir and Portugal's Manuel Maria Barbosa du Bocage.Light poetryLight poetry, or light verse, is poetry that attempts to be humorous.Poems considered "light" are usually brief, and can be on a frivolous（无聊的，琐碎的）or serious subject, and often feature word play, including puns, adventurous rhyme and heavy alliteration. Although a few free verse poets have excelled at light verse outside the formal verse tradition, light verse in English is usually formal. Common forms include the limerick（五行打油诗）, the clerihew（克莱里休四行打油诗）, and the double dactyl（扬抑抑格）.While light poetry is sometimes condemned as doggerel（打油诗）, or thought of as poetry composed casually, humor often makes a serious point in a subtle or subversive（破坏性的，颠覆的）way. Many of the most renowned "serious" poets have also excelled at light verse. Notable writers of light poetry include Lewis Carroll, Ogden Nash, X. J. Kennedy, Willard R. Espy, and Wendy Cope.Lyric poetry （抒情诗）Lyric poetry is a genre that, unlike epic and dramatic poetry, does not attempt to tell a story but instead is of a more personal nature. Poems in this genre tend to be shorter, melodic, and contemplative（沉思的，冥想的）. Rather than depicting characters and actions, it portrays the poet's own feelings, states of mind, and perceptions. Notable poets in this genre include John Donne, Gerard Manley Hopkins, and Antonio Machado.Elegy （挽歌）An elegy is a mournful, melancholy or plaintive（哀伤的）poem, especially a lament for the dead or a funeral song. The term "elegy," which originally denoted a type of poetic meter (elegiac meter), commonly describes a poem of mourning. An elegy may also reflect something that seems to the author to be strange or mysterious. The elegy, as a reflection on a death, on a sorrow more generally, or on something mysterious, may be classified as a form of lyric poetry.Notable practitioners of elegiac poetry have included Propertius, Jorge Manrique, Jan Kochanowski, Chidiock Tichborne, Edmund Spenser, Ben Jonson, John Milton, Thomas Gray, Charlotte Turner Smith, William Cullen Bryant, Percy Bysshe Shelley, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Evgeny Baratynsky, Alfred Tennyson, Walt Whitman, Louis Gallet, Antonio Machado, Juan Ramón Jiménez, William Butler Yeats, Rainer Maria Rilke, and Virginia Woolf.Verse fable （寓言诗）The fable is an ancient literary genre, often (though not invariably) set in verse. It is a succinct（简洁的）story that features anthropomorphized animals, plants, inanimate objects, or forces of nature that illustrate a moral lesson (a "moral"). Verse fables have used a variety of meter and rhyme patterns.Notable verse fabulists have included Aesop, Vishnu Sarma, Phaedrus, Marie de France, Robert Henryson, Biernat of Lublin, Jean de La Fontaine, Ignacy Krasicki, Félix María de Samaniego, Tomás de Iriarte, Ivan Krylov and Ambrose Bierce.Prose poetry （散文诗）Prose poetry is a hybrid（混合的）genre that shows attributes of both prose and poetry. It may be indistinguishable from the micro-story (a.k.a. the "short short story", "flash fiction"). While some examples of earlier prose strike modern readers as poetic, prose poetry is commonly regarded as having originated in 19th-century France, where its practitioners included Aloysius Bertrand, Charles Baudelaire, Arthur Rimbaud and Stéphane Mallarmé. Since the late 1980s especially, prose poetry has gained increasing popularity, with entire journals, such as The Prose Poem: An International Journal, Contemporary Haibun Online devoted to that genre.Speculative poetrySpeculative poetry, also known as fantastic poetry, (of which weird or macabre（可怕的，以死亡为主题的）poetry is a major subclassification), is a poetic genre which deals thematically with subjects which are 'beyond reality', whether via extrapolation as inscience fiction or via weird and horrific themes as in horror fiction. Such poetry appears regularly in modern science fiction and horror fiction magazines. Edgar Allan Poe is sometimes seen as the "father of speculative poetry".。
讽刺是一种文学手法
Satire is primarily a literary genre or form, although in practice it can also be found in the graphic and performing arts. In satire, vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, ideally with the intent of shaming individuals, and society itself, into improvement.[1] Although satire is usually meant to be funny, its greater purpose is constructive social criticism, using wit as a weapon.A common feature of satire is strong irony or sarcasm—"in satire, irony is militant"[2]—but parody, burlesque, exaggeration, juxtaposition, comparison, analogy, and double entendre are all frequently used in satirical speech and writing. This"militant" irony or sarcasm often professes to approve (or at least accept as natural) the very things the satirist wishes to attack.Satire is nowadays found in many artistic forms of expression, including literature, plays, commentary, and media such as lyrics.Satire is a rhetorical strategy in which human or individual vices, follies, abuses, or shortcomings are held up to censure by means of ridicule, derision, burlesque, irony, or other methods, ideally with an intent to bring about improvement.[1] In the strict sense satire is a literary genre, but the larger notion of satire, poking fun at the foibles of others, is also found in the graphic and performing arts.Although satire is usually intended to be funny, the purpose of satire is not primarily humor as much as criticism, using the weapon of wit. A very common, almost defining feature of satire is its strong vein of irony or sarcasm, using parody, exaggeration, juxtaposition, comparison, analogy, and double entendre.Satire is often aimed at hypocrisy in social institutions or used for political commentary, but great satire often takes as its target human self-deception in one form or another. Satire can vary in tone from bemused tolerance to bitter indignation. Voltaire's Candide (1759) gleefully poked fun at the fashionable optimism associated with the philosopher Leibniz and is among the most recognized satires in the Western literary canon. George Orwell's Animal Farm (1945), in contrast, savagely criticized the totalitarian machinery of government that emerged in the Soviet Union following the Utopian promises of the Russian Revolution.Like most criticism, satire can be constructive and salutary or motivated by an intent to draw opprobrium on the object of criticism. As a literary genre, it is generally didactic. It rarely aspires to hold up a mirror to life or to explore universal aspects of human experience as a primary objective.TermThe word satire comes from Latin satura lanx, meaning "medley, dish of colorful fruits," and was held by Quintilian to be a "wholly Roman phenomenon." This derivation properly has nothing to do with the Greek mythological satyr[2]. To Quintilian, satire was a strict literary form, but the term soon escaped from its original narrow definition. Princeton University scholar Robert Elliott wrote that"[a]s soon as a noun enters the domain of metaphor, as one modern scholar has pointed out, it clamours for extension; and satura (which had had no verbal, adverbial,or adjectival forms) was immediately broadened by appropriation from the Greek word for “satyr” (satyros) and its derivatives. The odd result is that the English “satire” comes from the Latin satura; but “satirize,” “satiric,” etc., are of Greek origin. By about the 4th century AD the writer of satires came to be known as satyricus; St. Jerome, for example, was called by one of his enemies 'a satirist in prose' ('satyricus scriptor in prosa'). Subsequent orthographic modifications obscured the Latin origin of the word satire: satura becomes satyra, and in England, by the 16th century, it was written 'satyre.'" "Satire" Encyclopaedia Britannica 2004[3]Satire (in the modern sense of the word) is found in many artistic forms of expression, including literature, plays, commentary, and media such as song lyrics. The term is also today applied to many works other than those which would have been considered satire by Quintilian - including, for instance, ancient Greek authors predating the first Roman satires. Public opinion in the Athenian democracy, for example, was remarkably influenced by the political satire written by such comic poets as Aristophanes for the theatre.[4][5]HistoryAncient EgyptThe so-called Satire of the Trades dates to the beginning of the second millennium B.C.E. and is one of the oldest texts using hyperbole in order to achieve a didactic aim.[6] It describes the various trades in an exaggeratedly disparaging fashion in order to convince students tired of studying that their lot as scribes will be far superior to that of their less fortunate brethren. Some scholars think that, rather than satirical, the descriptions were intended to be serious and factual.[7]The Papyrus Anastasi I (late 2nd millennium B.C.E.) contains the text of a satirical letter in which the writer at first praises the virtues but then mercilessly mocks the meager knowledge and achievements of the recipient of the letter.[8]Ancient GreeceThe Greeks had no word for what later would be called "satire," although cynicism and parody were common techniques. In retrospect, the Greek playwright Aristophanes is one of the best known early satirists; he is particularly recognized for his political satire, for example The Knights, which criticize the powerful Cleon for the persecution the playwright underwent.[9]The oldest form of satire still in use is the Menippean satire named after the Greek cynic Menippus of Gadara. Menippean satire is a term broadly used to refer to prose satires that are rhapsodic in nature, combining many different targets of ridicule into a fragmented satiric narrative similar to a novel. The term is used by classicalgrammarians and by philologists mostly to refer to satires in prose (cf. the verse satires of Juvenal and his imitators).Menippus, whose works are now lost, influenced the works of Lucian and Marcus Terentius Varro; such satires are sometimes termed Varronian satire, althoughVarro's own 150 books of Menippean satires survive only through quotations. The genre continued in the writings of Seneca the Younger, whose Apocolocyntosis divi Claudii (The Pumpkinification of the Divine Claudius) is the only near-complete classical Menippean satire to survive. The Menippean tradition is later evident in Petronius's' Satyricon, especially in the banquet scene "Cena Trimalchionis," which combines epic, tragedy, and philosophy with verse and prose. In Apuleius' Golden Ass, the form is combined with the comic novel.Menippean satire moves rapidly between styles and points of view. Such satires deal less with human characters than with the single-minded mental attitudes, or "humors," that they represent: the pedant, the braggart, the bigot, the miser, the quack, the seducer, etc. Critic Northrop Frye observed that "the novelist sees evil and folly as social diseases, but the Menippean satirist sees them as diseases of the intellect"; he illustrated this distinction by positing Squire Western (from The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling) as a character rooted in novelistic realism, but the tutors Thwackum and Square as figures of Menippean satire.Menippean satire plays a special role in Mikhail Bakhtin's theory of the novel. In Problems of Dostoevsky's Poetics, Bakhtin treats Menippean satire as one of the classical "serio-comic" genres, alongside Socratic dialogue and other forms that Bakhtin claims are united by a "carnival sense of the world," wherein "carnival is the past millennia's way of sensing the world as one great communal performance" and is "opposed to that one-sided and gloomy official seriousness which is dogmatic and hostile to evolution and change." Authors of "Menippea" in Bakhtin's sense include Voltaire, Diderot and E.T.A. Hoffmann.[10]Contemporary scholars including Frye classify Swift's A Tale of a Tub and Gulliver's Travels,Thomas Carlyle's Sartor Resartus,François Rabelais' Gargantua and Pantagruel and Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Flann O'Brien's The Third Policeman as Menippean satires.Roman satireThe two most influential Latin satirists from Roman antiquity are Horace and Juvenal, who lived during the early days of the Roman Empire. Other Roman satirists include Lucilius and Persius. In the ancient world, the first to discuss satire critically was Quintilian, who invented the term to describe the writings of Lucilius. Pliny reports that the 6th century B.C.E. poet Hipponax wrote satirae that were so cruel that the offended hanged themselves.[11]Criticism of Roman emperors (notably Augustus) needed to be presented in veiled, ironic terms - but the term "satire" when applied to Latin works actually is much wider than in the modern sense of the word, including fantastic and highly colored humorous writing with little or no real mocking intent.Middle AgesExamples from the Early Middle Ages include songs by goliards or vagants now best known as an anthology called Carmina Burana and made famous as texts of a composition by the twentieth century composer Carl Orff. Satirical poetry is believed to have been popular, although little has survived. With the advent of the High Middle Ages and the birth of modern vernacular literature in the twelfth century, it began to be used again, most notably by Chaucer. The disrespectful tone of satire was considered "un-Christian" and discouraged, with the exception of "moral satire," which criticized misbehavior from a Christian perspective. Examples include Livre des Manières (~1170) as well as some of Chaucer's Canterbury Tales. Epic poetry as well as aspects of feudal society were also satirized, but there was hardly a general interest in the genre.After the reawakening of Roman literary traditions in the Renaissance, the satires Till Eulenspiegel (a cycle of tales popular in the Middle Ages) and Reynard the Fox (a series of versified animal tales) were published. New satires, such as Sebastian Brant's Ship of Fools, (Narrenschiff) (1494), Erasmus's' Moriae Encomium (1509), and Thomas More's Utopia (1516) were also widely disseminated.Early modern satireThe English writers thought of satire as related to the notoriously rude, coarse and sharp "satyr" play. Elizabethan "satire" (typically in pamphlet form) therefore contains more straightforward abuse than subtle irony. The French Huguenot Isaac Casaubon discovered and published Quintilian's writing and thus presented the original meaning of the term. He pointed out in 1605 that satire in the Roman fashion was something altogether more civilized. Wittiness again became more important, and seventeenth-century English satire again increasingly aimed at the "amendment of vices."Gulliver Exhibited to the Brobdingnag Farmer by Richard RedgraveFarcical texts such as the works of François Rabelais tackled more serious issues (and incurred the wrath of the crown as a result). In the Age of Enlightenment, astute and biting satire of institutions and individuals became a popular weapon of such writers as Daniel Defoe, Jonathan Swift, and Alexander Pope. John Dryden also wrote an influential essay on satire that helped fix its definition in the literary world.Swift was one of the greatest of Anglo-Irish satirists, and one of the first to practice modern journalistic satire. For instance, his "A Modest Proposal" suggested that poor Irish parents be encouraged to sell their children as food, a program he disingenuously argued would benefit both society and parents. His essay "The Shortest-Way with the Dissenters"' satirically argued that dissenters from established Church doctrine should be vigorously persecuted. And in his best-known work, Gulliver's Travels Swift examined the flaws in human society and English life in particular through a traveler's encounter with fanciful societies compromised by familiar human foibles. Swift created a moral fiction in which parents do not have their primary responsibility to protect their children from harm, or in which freedom of religion is reduced to the freedom to conform. His purpose was to attack indifference to the plight of the desperately poor, and to advocate freedom of conscience.The French Enlightenment philosopher Voltaire was perhaps the most influential figure of the Enlightenment and his comic novella Candide (1759) remains one of the most entertaining and widely read satires in the Western literary canon. The book pillories the fashionable optimism associated with the philosopher Leibniz, but was widely banned because of its political and religious criticisms and scandalous sexual content. In the book, Dr. Pangloss teaches Candide that, despite appearances, they live in the "best of all possible worlds." Following a horrific series of misadventures, including the destruction of Lisbon by the great earthquake, tsunami, and fire in 1755, and imprisonment by the Portuguese Inquisition, Pangloss is left as a beggar infected with syphilis. Yet the philosopher remains unshaken in is principles. "I still hold to my original opinions, because, after all, I'm a philosopher, and it wouldn't be proper for me to recant, since Leibniz cannot be wrong, and since preestablished harmony is the most beautiful thing in the world, along with the plenum and subtle matter."[12] "Panglossian" has since entered the lexicon as an expression of simple-minded optimism.Satire in the Victorian eraSeveral satiric papers competed for the public's attention in the Victorian era and Edwardian period, such as Punch and Fun. Perhaps the most enduring examples of Victorian satire, however, are to be found in the Savoy Operas of W. S. Gilbert and Sir Arthur Sullivan. In fact, in The Yeomen of the Guard, a jester is given lines that paint a very neat picture of the method and purpose of the satirist, and might almost be taken as a statement of Gilbert's own intent:"I can set a braggart quailing with a quip,The upstart I can wither with a whim;He may wear a merry laugh upon his lip,But his laughter has an echo that is grim!"Mark Twain was a perhaps the greatest American satirist. His novel Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, set in the antebellum South, uses Huck's naive innate goodness tolampoon prevailing racist attitudes. His hero, Huck, is a rather simple butgood-hearted lad who is ashamed of the "sinful temptation" that leads him to help a runaway slave. His conscience—warped by the distorted moral world he has grown up in—often bothers him most at the moment that he seeks to follow his good impulses against what passes for morality in society.Twain's younger contemporary Ambrose Bierce gained notoriety as a cynic, pessimist and black humorist with his dark, bitterly ironic stories, many set during the American Civil War, which satirized the limitations of human perception and reason. Bierce's most famous work of satire is probably The Devil's Dictionary, (begun 1881 to 1906), in which the definitions mock cant, hypocrisy and received wisdom.In nineteenth century autocratic Russia, literature, especially satire, was the only form of political speech that could pass through censorship. Aleksandr Pushkin, often considered the father of Russian literature, satirized the aristocratic conventions and fashions of the day in his colloquial tales of Russian life, such as the novel in verse Eugene Onegin. The works of Nikolai Gogol, especially his short stories "The Nose" and "The Overcoat" as well as his play "The Inspector General" and his great black comic novel, Dead Souls, lampooned the bureaucracy as well as the brutishness of provincial life. Gogol's works operate on a more profound level as well, addressing not only the hypocrisy of a country obsessed with social status, but the foibles of the human soul.Twentieth century satireIn the early twentieth century, satire was put to serious use by authors such as Aldous Huxley and George Orwell to address the dangers of the sweeping technological and social changes as a result of the Industrial Revolution and the development of modern ideologies, such as communism. Huxley's Brave New World is a grim, in many ways prescient story of a futuristic society in which free will has been virtually extirpated. Citizens are monitored for "antisocial" tendencies; sex is ubiquitous recreation, even among children, and drugs are administered as part of a policy to ensure that people remain docile. George Orwell's novel 1984, written in 1947/1948 as a result of the Spanish Civil War's atrocities, describes a much harsher and punitive dystopia in which every action is monitored by all-knowing Big Brother, a god-like authority recalling the cult of personality of communist rulers such as Joseph Stalin. Orwell's Animal Farm is a political parable in which animals overthrow the authority of the farmer and take power. The novel satirizes the rise of political tyranny after the Russian Revolution and communist promise of proletarian power, freedom from authoritarian rule, and the eventual withering away of the machinery of the state.In film, similar uses of satire included Charlie Chaplin's film Modern Times about the dehumanization of modern technology, and The Great Dictator (1940) about the rise of Adolf Hitler and Nazism. Many social critics of the time, such as Dorothy Parker and H. L. Mencken used satire as their main weapon, and Mencken in particular isnoted for having said that "one horse-laugh is worth ten thousand syllogisms" in the persuasion of the public to accept a criticism. Novelist Sinclair Lewis was known for his satirical stories such as Babbitt,Main Street, and It Can't Happen Here. His books often explored and satirized contemporary American values.The Simpsons television comedyLater in the century, Joseph Heller's great satiric novel, Catch-22, (first published in 1961) lampooned the mentality of bureaucracy and the military, and is frequently cited as one of the greatest literary works of the twentieth century[13]. The title of his novel has become the very expression used to convey a situation in which a desired outcome is impossible to attain because of a set of inherently illogical conditions.The Stanley Kubrick film Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb from 1964 was a popular black comedy in the vein of Catch-22 that satirized the Cold War. A more humorous brand of satire enjoyed a renaissance in the UK in the early 1960s with the Satire Boom, led by such luminaries as Peter Cook, John Cleese, Alan Bennett, Jonathan Miller, David Frost, Eleanor Bron and Dudley Moore and the television programme That Was The Week That Was.Tom Wolfe's late novels, such as Bonfire of the Vanities and A Man in Full, presented panoramic pictures of modern life using many of the standard devises of satire while consciously utilizing the realistic novel form of such nineteenth-century literary masters as Fyodor Dostoevsky, George Elliot, and Honore Balzac.Satire continues to be a popular and relevant form of political and social criticism. American television program Saturday Night Live's mockery of the mild press scrutiny of the Barak Obama presidential campaign, for example, led to an almost immediate reevaluation of press coverage and much harsher questioning by reporters and debate moderators. Other popular programs, such as the mock right-wing Colbert Report and John Stewart Show, present stinging, generally one-sided critiques of conservative policies. The popular, long running animated comedy The Simpsons playfully satirizes virtually every aspect of modern society by presenting exaggerated caricatures of modern character types, lifestyles, and even celebrity personalities. Satire and CensorshipBecause satire is criticism usually cloaked in humor, it frequently escapes censorship. Periodically, however, it runs into serious opposition. In 1599, the Archbishop of Canterbury John Whitgift and the Bishop of London George Abbot, whose offices had the function of licensing books for publication in England, issued a decree banning verse satire. The decree ordered the burning of certain volumes of satire byJohn Marston, Thomas Middleton, Joseph Hall, and others. It also required histories and plays to be specially approved by a member of the Queen's Privy Council, and it prohibited the future printing of satire in verse.[14] The motives for the ban are obscure, particularly since some of the books banned had been licensed by the same authorities less than a year earlier. Various scholars have argued that the target was obscenity, libel, or sedition. It seems likely that lingering anxiety about the Martin Marprelate controversy, in which the bishops themselves had employed satirists, played a role; both Thomas Nashe and Gabriel Harvey, two of the key figures in that controversy, suffered a complete ban on all their works. In the event, though, the ban was little enforced, even by the licensing authority itself.In the early years of the United States, the press engaged in vicious satirical attacks on many of the leading statesmen of the founding era, notably Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton, and John Adams. The immoderate attacks by crude pamphleteers such as James Callendar during the Adams administration led in part to the ill-advised Alien and Sedition Acts, which censored political speech as seditious. The Acts were soon nullified, but Adams suffered politically as a result and lost the election of 1800 to his arch rival Jefferson.More recently, in Italy the media tycoon Silvio Berlusconi threatened to sue RAI Television for its satirical series, Raiot,Satyricon, and Sciuscià, and even a special series on Berlusconi himself, arguing that they were vulgar and full of disrespect to the government. RAI stopped the show, but in legal proceedings won the right to broadcast. However, the show never went on air again.Perhaps the most famous recent example occurred in 2005, when the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy in Denmark caused global protests by offended Muslims and violent demonstrations throughout the Muslim world. It was not the first case of Muslim protests against criticism in the form of satire, but the Western world was surprised by the hostility of the reaction in which embassies were attacked and 139 people died. Leaders throughout Europe agreed that satire was a protected aspect of the freedom of speech, while Muslims and many ecumenical leaders of other faiths denounced the inflammatory cartoons as gratuitously insulting to people of faith. Satire has often been used to mock sincerely held religious beliefs, moral convictions, and traditional values. Much modern theater, film, and music have satirized moral and religious beliefs as hopelessly dated, anti-progressive, and motivated by hate or ignorance. Through such extreme caricature—which is how satire achieves its biting effect—ever more boundary-breaking types of entertainment and behavior have avoided censorship and criminal prosecution, at least in the Western world where freedom of speech and freedom of expression are held sacred.。
(完整word版)英国文学史及选读2-知识总结
以下为英国文学史第二册的知识点总结个别知识点会有错误或者遗漏请在复习的时候自主补充愿大家都能取得好成绩———VictoriaJPart V The Romantic PeriodThe romantic period began in 1798 the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge’s <Lyrical Ballads>, and end in 1832 with Sir Walter Scott’s death. Wordsworth华兹华斯Coleridge 柯尔律治Southey 骚塞The Lake Poets1.William Wordsworth威廉•华兹华斯1770~1850Poet Laureate（桂冠诗人）a leader of the romantic movement in England.①Lyrical Ballads 《抒情歌谣集》(with Samuel Taylor Coleridge)It marked the beginning of the Romantic revival in England(1)This is a joint work of Wordsworth and his friend Coleridge.(2)The publication of Lyrical Ballads in 1798 marks the beginning of the RomanticMovement in England.(3)It begins with Coleridge’s long poem “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”(“古舟子咏”; “老水手之行”)and ends with Wordsworth’s “Tintern Abbey”(“丁登寺”).(4)Many of the subjects of these poems deal with elements of nature such as birds,daffodils and simple rural folk.(5)The majority of poems in this collection were written by Wordsworth.The poems in Lyrical Ballads are characterized by a sympathy with the poor, simple peasants, a passionate love of nature and the simplicity and purity of the language.(6) Some of the best poems in the collection are:“Lines Written in Early Spring”(“早春诗行”),“The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” (“古舟子咏”; “老水手之行”)“Lines Composed A Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey” (“丁登寺”).②Lucy Poems 《露西组诗》③“I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud” “独自漫游似浮云”=“The Daffodils”“水仙”Theme: 1.Nature embodies human beings in their diverse circumstance. It is nature that give him “strength and knowledge full of peace”2. It is bliss to recall the beauty of nature in poet mind while he is in solitude.Comment: The poet is very cheerful with recalling the beautiful sights. In the poem on the beauty of nature, the reader is presented a vivid picture of lively and lovely daffodils(水仙) and poets philosophical ideas and mystical thoughts.④“The Solitary Reaper”“孤独的收割者”⑤The Prelude 《序曲》or Growth of a Poet’s Mind⑥The Excursion 《远足》《漫游》Wordsworth’s Principles of Poetry（feelings，commonplace things，the real language of man and deliberate simplicity，inner self, changed the ordinary speech of the language → return to nature.）2.George Gordon Byron乔治•戈登•拜伦1788~18241)Hours of Idleness 《闲暇时刻》《消闲时光》dealing with childish recollections andearly friendship, showing the influence of 18th century traditions。
英国文学考试题
英语复习提纲一、听力（25’）二、根据作家名写出每位作家的两部作品（注：作品不需要加书名号！）（5*2’）1、Geoffrey Chaucer（杰弗里·乔叟）：The House of Fame 、The book of the Duchess (已考)2、William Shakespeare（威廉·莎士比亚）：Othello、Twelfth Night、Romeo and Juliet 、Hamlet3、John Milton （约翰·弥尔顿）：Paradise Lost、Paradise Regained(已考)4、Daniel Defoe（丹尼尔·笛福）：Roxana、Moll Flanders、Colonel Jack5、William Blake（威廉·布莱克）：Songs of Innocence、The Song of Los、The Songs of Experience6、Jane Austen（简·奥斯汀）：Emma、Pride and Prejudice、Persuasion7、Hawthorne（霍桑）；Twice-Told Tales、The House of Seven Gables8、William Wordsworth（威廉·华兹华斯）：Lucy poems、The Prelude(已考)9、Robert Burns（罗伯特·伯恩斯）：The Tree of Liberty、A Red, Red Rose10、Percy Bysshe Shelley（雪莱）：Queen Mab、England in 181911、Charlotte Bronte （夏洛蒂·勃朗特）：Jane Eyre、The Professor12、Emily Bronte（艾米莉·勃朗特）：Wuthering Heights、Some Poems13、Anne Bronte(安妮·勃朗特):The Tenant of Wildfell Hall 、Agnes Grey14、Charles Dickens（查尔斯·狄更斯）：Bleak House、Hard Times三、选择题（10*2’）1Which of the following plays does not belong to Shakespeare’s four great tragedies? AA. Romeo and JulietB. King LearC. HamletD. Macbeth2.In ____C____, Shakespeare has not only made a profound analysis of the social crisis in which the evils can be seen everywhere, but also criticized the bourgeois egoism.A. HamletB. OthelloC. King LearD. Macbeth3.The sentence "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?" is the beginning line of one of Shakespeare's ___C_____ .A. comediesB. tragediesC. sonnetsD. histories4.Many people today tend to regard the play “The Merchant of Venice” as a satire of the hypocrisy of ___A_______ and their false standards of friendship and love, their cunning ways of pursuing worldliness and their unreasoning prejudice against _____.A. Christians/JewsB. Jews/ChristiansC. oppressors/oppressedD. people/Jewston’s paradise Lost took its material from __ A ____.A. the BibleB. Greek mythC. Roman mythD. French romance6.Among the three major poetical works by John Milton, ____A____ is the most perfect example of verse drama（叙事诗歌，诗剧） after the Greek style in English.A. Samson AgonistesB. Paradise LostC. Paradise RegainedD. Areopagitica7.John Milton’s greatest poetical work ___B_____ is the only generally acknowledged epic in English literature since Beowulf.A. AreopagiticaB. Paradise LostC. LycidasD. Samson Agonistes8Hester Pryme, Dimmsdale, Chillingworth and Pearl are most likely the names ofthe characters in __A_.A. The Scarlet LetterB. The House of the Seven GablesC. The Portrait of a LadyD. The pioneers9.In The Scarlet letter of Nathaniel Hawthorne, The letter A has several symbolic meanings except ____C___.A.AdulteryB.AvengeC. AwakeD. Angel10. Chinese poetry and philosophy have exerted great influence over __A__.A. Ezra PoundB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Robert FrostD. Emily Dickinson11．“The apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a wet, black bough.” This is the shortest poem written by ___C__.A. T. S. EliotB. Robert FrostC. Ezra PoundD. Emily Dickinson12.William Wordsworth, a romantic poet, advocated all the following EXCEPT _ D__.A. the use of everyday language spoken by the common peopleB. the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelingsC. the use of humble and rustic life as subject matterD. the use of elegant wording and inflated言过其实的，夸张的 figures of speech13.The publication of _ C_____ marked the beginning of Romantic Age.A. Don Juan (Byron)B. the Rime of the Ancient Mariner(Coleridge)C. The Lyrical BalladsD. Queen Mab（Shelley）14.All of the following poems by William Wordsworth are masterpieces on nature EXCEPT___D_____.A. I Wandered Lonely as a CloudB. An Evening WalkC. Tinter Abbey丁登寺D. The Solitary Reaper(已考)15.“If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind!” is an epigrammatic警句式的 line by _D_.A. J. KeatsB. W. BlakeC. W. WordsworthD. P.B. Shelley16.Which is Shelley’s masterpiece? BA. Queen MabB. Prometheus UnboundC. Prometheus BoundD. The Revolt of Islam17.The Father of American detective story is ____B___.A) Herman MelvilleB) Edgar Allan PoeC) Mark TwainD) Nathaniel Hawthorne18.Walt Whitman was a pioneering figure of American poetry. His innovation first of all lies in his use of ____C__ , poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.A. blank verseB. heroic coupletC. free verseD. iambic pentameter19.Walt Whitman believed, by means of “____A____,” he has turned poetry into an open field, an area of vital possibility where the reader can allow his own imagination to play.A. free verseB. strict verseC. regular rhymingD. standardized rhyming20.The themes of Whit Whitman’s poems include the following except ____D____.A) democracy B) the cultureC) the land D) the race21.Emily Dickinson wrote many short poems on various aspects of life. Which of the following is NOT a usual subject of her poetic expression? DA）Defeat and pain B）Nature and deathC）Love and passion D）War and peace22._A____ is the most common foot in English poetry.A）The iamb 抑楊格短長格 B）The anapest抑抑扬格C）The trochee扬抑格 D）The dactyl扬抑抑格四、名词解释（2*5’）（补考的可能性比较大）1、Humanism人道主义Humanism is the key-note of the Renaissance. It reflected the new outlook of the rising bourgeois class. Humanists emphasize the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life and believe that man did not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of this life, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wonders by removing all the external checks by the exercise of reason. They also expressed their rebellious spirit against the tyranny of feudal rule and ecclesiastical domination.以人为本是关键音符文艺复兴时期。
英语专业英国文学选择题练习
Homework11.The name “the father of English poetry” was given to the greatest poet born i n London about 1340 and the one who did much in making the dialect of London (Midland dialect the language of the court, the learned and the well-to do) the foundation for modern English language.a. Shakespeareb. Spenserc. Philip Sidneyd. Chaucer2.The basic note of Chaucer’s style is_______.a. the fusion of humor and genial satireb. the fusion of irony with sarcasmc. the fusion of humor with epigramsd. the fusion of humor with irony3. _____was the first buried in the Poet’s Corner of Westminster Abby.a. Southyb. Francis Baconc. Shakespeared. Chaucer4. The seco nd period of Chaucer’s literary career includes mainly the three longer poems written prior to The Canterbury Tales. Choose the one from the following.a. The legend of Good Womanb. The Book of the Duchesc. The Rape of Lucreced. The Romaunt of the Rose5.The prevailing form of Medieval English literature is the _______.a. playsb. Romancec. essaysd. masques6. Piers the Plowman written by William Langland is in the form of ______a. allegory and medieval dream visionb. dramac. satirical noveld. sentimental novel7. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a _____.a. travel bookb. romance in versec. romance in prosed. narrative poem8. Beowulf is the most important and the first epic in the Old English ever written. It was written in _______.a. sonnetsb. balladsc. alliterationd. heroic couplet9. Chaucer was the first important poet of a royal court to write in______ after the Norman conquest.a. Frenchb. Latinc. Englishd. Celt10. Though Beowulf was introduced by Angles, the events and _____ are Scandinavian.a. beliefb. charactersc. idead. God11. In 1066, ___ led the Norman army to invade and defeat England.a. William the conquerorb. Julius Caesarc. Alfred the Greatd. Claudius12. In the 14th century, the most important writer is ______.a. Langlandb.Wyclifc. Gowerd. Chaucer13. The prevailing form of Medieval English literature is the ______.a. epicb. mystery playc. romanced. sonnet14. The story of “_______” is written in the culmination of the Arthurian romances.a. Sir Gawain and the Green Knightb. Beowulfc. Piers the Plowmand. The Canterbury Tales15.William Langland’s “________” is written in the form of a dream vision.a. Kubla Khanb. Piers the Plowmanc. The Dream of John Bulld. Morte d’ Arthur16. As to the main writing features of Beowulf, of the following is not true.A. teutonic in subject-matterB. the oldest epic in EnglandC. no composerD. religious or Christian17. The Anglo-Saxon poems are divided into two groups. One is religious, the other is .A. ChristianB. puritanC. paganD. Catholic18. _____ was the first to introduce rhyming couplet into English literature.A. ChaucerB. William ShakespeareC. Phillip SidneyD. Thomas Champion19. When we speak of the old English prose, the first name that comes into our mind is , who is the first scholar in English literature and has been regarded as father of learning.A. William ShakespeareB. BeowulfC. Julius CaesarD. Venerable Bede20. Romance is the most prevailing literary form in Anglo- Norman period. There are _____ cycles of it and thematters of is the most important.A. 4, GreeceB. 3, BritainC. 2, RomeD. 8, France21. Regarding the prose of Anglo-Saxon period, two names worth mentioning. One is Venerable Bede, the otheris .A. Alfred the GreatB. BeowulfC. Julius CaesarD. William ShakespeareHomework21. When we speak of the old English prose, the first name that comes into our mind is , who is the first scholarin English literature and has been regarded as father of learning.A. William ShakespeareB. BeowulfC. Julius CaesarD. Venerable Bede2. _____ was the first to introduce blank verse into English literature.A. Henry HowardB. William ShakespeareC. Phillip SidneyD. Thomas Champion3. Romance is the most prevailing literary form in Anglo- Norman period. There are _____ cycles of it and thematters of is the most important.A. 4, GreeceB. 3, BritainC. 2, RomeD. 8, France4. The epoch of Renaissance witnessed a particular development of English Drama. It was _____ who made blankverse the principal vehicle of expression in drama.A. Christopher MarloweB. Thomas LogeC. Edmund SpenserD. Thomas More5. Renaissance Period was an age of .A. prose and novelB. poetry and dramaC. essays and journalsD. ballads and songs6. Choose the play that doesn’t belong to the “Great Tragedies” by Shakespeare.A. HamletB. MacbethC. Romeo and JulietD. King Lear7. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a _____.A. travel bookB. romance both in verse and in prose formC. romantic poemD. narrative poem8. and Shakespeare are regarded the greatest two treasures of language.A. Francis BaconB. The Authorized Version of BibleC. Thomas MoreD. Lyrical Ballads9. Paradise Lost is a (n) .A. lyrical poemB. hymnC. epicD. narrative poemC. Gothic novelD. novel of stream of consciousness10. Shakespeare is known to have used different words. His coinage of new words and distortion of the meaning of the old ones also create striking effects on the reader.A. 16,000B. 1600C. 20,000D. 200011. Sir Philip Sidney is known both as a poet and as a .A. essayistB. dramatistC. a critic of poetryD. novelist12. As to the main writing features of Beowulf, of the following is not true.A. teutonic in subject-matterB. the oldest epic in EnglandC. no composerD. religious or Christian13. _____ was the first to introduce the sonnet into English literature.A. Thomas WyattB. William ShakespeareC. Phillip SidneyD. Thomas Champion14. _____ was the greatest achievement of the epoch of Renaissance and _____ was regarded as the summit of it.A. drama, MarloweB. essay, BaconC. poetry, SpenserD. drama, Shakespeare15. Great popularity was won by John Lyly’s prose romance_____ which gave rise to the term “euphuism”,designating an effected style of court speech.A. ArcadiaB. Venus and AdonisC. EupheusD. Lucrece25. _____ doesn’t belong to the four “Johns” of the 17th century England.A. John MiltonB. John KatesC. John BunyanD. John Donne16. Choose the play that doesn’t belong to the “Great Comedies” by Shakespeare.A. The Twelfth NightB. As You Like ItC. Romeo and JulietD. The Merchant of Venice17. Sidney as a poet and a critic of poetry is known mainly for his three principal works. _____ of the following isnot written by him.A. ArcadiaB. Apology for PoetryC. Of TruthD. Astrophel and Stella18. From the following choose the one _____ that is not written by Francis Bacon.A. The Advancement of LearningB. The New InstrumentC. Of StudiesD. The rape of the Lock19. _____ introduced printing to England in the 16th century, which accelerated the step of Renaissance.A. Francis BaconB. William CaxtonC. Thomas MoreD. Henry James20. _____ was the first buried in Westmins ter Abby, where later the Poet’s Corner appeared.A. SoutheyB. Francis BaconC. ShakespeareD. Chaucer21. The prevailing form of Medieval English literature is _____.A. playsB. romanceC. essaysD. Masques22. _____ is regarded as the tour de force in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight.A. Part oneB. Part twoC. Part threeD. Part four23. _____, the melancholic scholar, prince, faces the dilemma between action and mind.A. OthelloB. MacbethC. HamletD. Antonio24. “He was not of an age, but for all the time”. “He” here refers to _____.A. ShakespeareB. ChaucerC. John MiltonD. Ben JonsonHomework 31. _____ are the two periodicals of started by Richard Steele and Joseph Addison.A. The Idler, The TatlerB. The Spectator, The RamblerC. The Review, The TatlerD. The Tatle，r The Spectator2. In the 18th century English literature, the representative writer of neo-classicism is_____.A. Jonathan SwiftB. Alexander PopeC. Daniel DefoeD. Robert Burns3. Songs of Innocence written by_____, is a _____.A. William Blake, sequence of lyricsB. Robert Burns, epicC. William Blake, set of allegoriesD. Robert Burns, set of ballads4. _____ is not written by Jane Austen.A. Pride and PrejudiceB. EmmaC. A Sentimental JourneyD. Sense and Sensibility5. _____ is Percy Bysshe Shelley’s masterpiece.A. Queen MabB. Prometheus UnboundC. Prometheus BoundD. The Revolt of Islam6. The term "Second Generation" is commonly used to name those romantic poets, such as Byron, Shelley, and_____.A. John KeatsB. Thomas KydC. SoutheyD. Laurance Sterne7. The publication of Lyrical Ballads marked the beginning of_____ in England.A. RealismB. RomanticismC. Critical RealismD. Modernism8. The School of Scandal is a _____.A. tragedyB. comedy of mannersC. novelD. romance9. Women novelists began to appear in England during the second half of_____ century.A.17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th10. of the following is not written by Charlotte Bronte.A. Jane EyreB. ProfessorC. Mary BartonD. Shirley11. of the novels doesn’t belong to critical realism.A. David CopperfieldB. Wuthering HeightsC. Vanity FairD. Tom Jones12. The Enlightenment Age of the 18th century England is an age of rather than poetry.A. playsB. romanceC. essaysD. prose13. From Songs of Innocence to marks the mature of William Blake.A. Poetical SketchesB. The Marriage of Heaven and HellC. Songs of ExperienceD. Prophecies14. _____ is regarded as the real founder of the realistic novel in England.A. Jonathan SwiftB. Daniel DefoeC. Henry FieldingD. Joseph Addison15. Prometheus Unbound is the masterpiece of .A. William WordsworthB. Percy Bysshe ShelleyC. SoutheyD. John Keats16. The term "Sentimentalism" is commonly used to name those writers such as Thomas Gray, and .A. John KeatsB. Thomas KydC. SoutheyD. Laurance Sterne17. was regarded as the greatest dramatist in the 18th century.A. William ShakespeareB. Oliver GoldsmithC. Thomas KydD. Henry Fielding()18. A Red, Red Rose was written by , a peasant poet.A. Robert BurnsB. William BlakeC. John KeatsD. Alexander Pope19. The death of Walter Scott, the last romantic writer, marked the ending of in England.A. Realistic AgeB. Romantic AgeC. Age of Critical RealismD. Age of Modernism20. Which play is regarded as the best English comedy since Shakespeare?A. She Stops to ConquerB. The School for ScandalC. The RivalsD. The Conscious Lover21. is Laurence Sterne’s masterpiece.A. A Sentimental Journey Through France and ItalyB. The Life and Opinions of Tristram ShandyC. The Vicar of WakefieldD. Clarissa Harlowe22. The term "Lakers" is commonly used to name those romantic poets, such as Wordsworth, Coleridge and .A. SoutheyB. Thomas KydC. ShelleyD. Laurance Sterne23. is not written by Percy Bysshe Shelley.A. Queen MabB. Prometheus UnboundC. Prometheus BoundD. The Revolt of Islam24.Gulliver’s Travels is a .A. sentimental novelB. novel of satire and allegoryC. Gothic novelD. novel of stream of consciousness25. “Auld Lang Syne” is written in the well-known “ballad stanza”. This poetic form usually contai ns _____ rhymed lines in each stanza.A. 4B. 6C. 2D. 8。
完整word版英国文学期末必备复习题
Exercises:1. After the fall of the Roman Empire and the withdrawal of Roman troops from Albion , the aboriginal _Cletic____ population of the larger part of the island was soon conquered and almost totally exterminated by the Teutonic tribes of___Angles_ , __Saxons__ , and __Jutes___ who came from the continent and settled in the island , naming its central part __Anglio___ , or England.2. For nearly __400__ years prior to the coming of the English , British had been aRoman province . In__410_, the Rome withdrew their legions from Britain to protect herself against swarms of Teutonic invaders.3. The literature of early period falls naturally into two divisions, __pagan_and __Christian__.4.__The song of Beowulf__ can be justly termed England's national epic and its hero _Beowulf___—one of the national heroes of the English people.5. The Song of Beowulf reflects events which took place on the _European Continent___ approximately at the beginning of the _6th___ century , whenthe forefathers of the Jutes lived in the southern part of the __ Scandinavian peninsula __ and maintained close relations with kindred tribes ,e.g. with the__Danes__who lived on the other side of the straits.6. Among the early Anglo-Saxon poets we may mention _Caedmon___ who livedin the half of the ___7th_ century and who wrote a poeticParaphrase of the Bible.7. __Caedmon__ is the first know religious poet of Engla nd . He is known as the father of English song.8. The didactic poem The Christ was produced by __Cynewulf__ .9. The most important work of __a__ is the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles , which isregarded as the best monument of the old English prose.a. Alfred the Greatb. Caedmonc. Cynewulfd. Venerable Bede10. Who is the monster half-human who had mingled thirty warriors in The Songof Beowulf?ca. Hrothgatb. Heorotc. Grendeld. Beowulf11. ___b_ is the first important religious poet in English literature.a. Gynewulfb. Caedmonc. Shakespeared. Adam Bede12. The epic , The Song of Beowulf ,represents the spirit of _d__.a. Monksb. romanticistsc. sentimentalistsd. pagan13. Define the literary terms listed below. 1). Alliteration 2). Epic14. Please give brief description of The Song of Beowulf.Exercise:1.In the year __1066__, at the battle of _ Hasting___, the ___Normans_ headed by William Duke of Normandy, defeated the Anglo-Saxons.2. The literature with Normans brought to England is remarkable for its bright,__romantic__ tales of ___love_ and adventures, in marked contrast with the__strength__ and __somberness__ of Anglo-Saxon poetry.3. English literature of Anglo-Norman period is also a combination of __French__ and _Saxon___ elements.4. Defines the literary terms listed below.(1) Anglo-Norman Romance (2) Middle EnglishExercise:1. In the 14th century, the two most important writers are __William Langland__ and Chaucer.2. In the 15th century, there is only one important prose writer whose name is __Sir Thomas Malory__ . He wrote an important work called Morte d'Arthur.3. Geoffrey Chaucer ,the “__father of English poetry__”and one of the greatest narrative poets of England, was born in London in about the year 1340.4. Chaucer's masterpiece is _The Canterbury Tales__,one of the most works in all literature.5.The _general prologue__ provides a frame work for the tales in The Canterbury Tales, and it comprises a group of vivid pictures of various medieval figures.6. Chaucer created in The Canterbury Tales a strikingly brilliant and picturesque panorama of _his time and his country___.7. The Canterbury Tales opens with a general “prologue”where we are told of a company of pilgrims that gathered at __Tabard__ Inn in Southwark ,a suburbof London.8. Chaucer believes in the right of man to __earthly__ happiness.9.The name of the “jolly innkeeper”in The Canterbury Tales is __HarryBailey__,whoproposes that each pilgrim of the __30__ should tell two tales on the way to Canterbury and two more on the way back.10.The pilgrims in The Canterbury Tales are on their way to the shrine of __St. Thomas Becket's __ at a place named Canterbury.11.Despite the enormous plan , The Canterbury Tales in fact contains a general “prologue”and only _24__ tale , of which two are left unfinished.12.In contradistinction to the __alliterative__ verse of Anglo-Saxon poetry , Chaucer chose the metrical from which laid the foundation of the English__Tonico-syllabic___ verse.13. Who is the “father of English poetry ”and one of the greatest narrative poetsof English?bA . Christopher Marlow B. Geoffrey ChaucerC. W. ShakespeareD. Alfred the Great14. When he died, Chaucer was buried in _a___ the Poet's Corner. A．Westminster Abbey B. NormandyC. CanterburyD. Southwark15. Chaucer's earliest work of any length is his __c__ a translation of the French “Roman de la Rose”, which was a love allegory enjoying widespread popularity in the 13th and 14th centuries throughout Europe.A. Troilus and CriseydeB. A Red Red RoseC. Romance of the RoseD. Piers the Plowman16. Chaucer composes a long narrative poem named __b___ based on Boccaccio's poem “Filostrato”.A. The Legend of Good WomenB. Troilus and CriseydeC. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightD. Beowulf17. In his literary development, Chaucer was influenced by three literatures. Which one is not true?dA. French literatureB. Italian literatureC. English literatureD. German literature18. There are various kinds of ballads _historical___, __legendary__,__fantanstical__, __lyrical__ and ___homorous__.19. In the numerous __border ballads__, the age-long struggle between the Scots and the English is reflected.20. Bishop __Thomas Perry__ was among the first to take a literary interestin ballads.21. Robin Hood, a __Saxon__ by birth, was an outlaw, a robber but he robbed only the rich and never molested the poor and needy.22. The first mention of Robin Hood in literature is in Langland's ___Piers the Plowman__.23. Define the literary terms listed below. (1) Ballad (2) Heroic couplet24. Comment on Geoffrey Chaucer and his The Canterbury Tales.Exercise:1. The 16th century in England was a period of the breaking up of __feudal __ relation and the establishing of the foundations of __capitalism__.2. Because the wool trade was rapidly growing in bulk , it was s timewhen , according to Thomas More , “__shape devoured man__ ”.3. __King Henry the VIII__ broke off with the Pope , dissolved all the monasteries and Abbeys in the country , confiscated their lands proclaimed himself head of __Church of England__.4. Absolute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of __Queen Elizabeth I__.5. Together with the development of bourgeois relationships and formation of the English national state this period is marked by a Flourishing of national culture known as the __Renaissance__.6.__Thomas More_wrote his _Utopia__in which he gave a profound and truthful picture of people's sufferings and put forwards his ideal of a future happy society.7._Thomas Wyatt__was the first to introduce the Italian sonnet into English literature.8. Edmund Spenser was the author of the greatest epic poem of _The Faire Queene___.9. Define the literary terms listed below. (1)renaissance (2)Spenserian Stanza Exercise:1.Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and __Macbeth___ are generally regarded as Shakespeare's four great tragedies.2. During the 22 years of his literary work, Shakespeare produced __37__ plays,__2__ narrative poems and __154___ sonnets.3. The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus is one of ___Christopher Marlowe__'s best plays.often referred to as “the poet's poet”.4. __Edmund Spenser__ is5. “Shall I compare thee to a summer's day”is one of _Shakespeare's___ best knownsonnets.6. In the __Elizabethan__ Period, William Shakespeare is the greatest writerof England.7. Define the literary terms listed below: Dramatic Irony8. Comment on William Shakespeare and The Merchant of Venice.9. Comment on William Shakespeare and Hamlet.Exercises:1.Pope described Francis Bacon as “the _wisest__, _brightest__, __meanest_of mankind”.2. Bacon's works may be divided into three classes, the _philosophy__, the__professional_, the _literary__ works.3. The final edition of Bacon's essays contains __58_ essays.4. The 17th century was a period when _absolute monarchy__ impeded the further development of capitalism in England and the _bourgeoisie__ could no longer bear the sway of __landed nobility_.5. The government of James I was a __despotism_ based on the theory of the divine right of kings.6. There were religious division and confusion and a long bitter struggle between the people's Parliament and the Throne--- __Puritans_ fighting against the _Cavaliers__ who helped the king.7. England became a commonwealth under the leadership of __Oliver Cromwell_.8. After _Oliver Cromwell__'s death, monarchy as again restored (1660). It was called the period of the Restoration____.9. The Glorious Revolution in _1688__ meant three things the supremacy of_Parliament__, the beginning of _modern England__, and the final triumph of the principle of _political liberty__.10. The Puritans believed in __simplicity_ of life.11. The Revolution Period is also called _the Puritan Age__, because the EnglishRevolution was carried out under a religious cloak.12. Define the literary term –Blank verse.13. The first thing to strike the reader is Donne's extraordinary _frankness__ and penetrating _realism__. The next is the _cynicism__ which marks certain of the lighter poems and which represents a conscious reaction from the extreme__idealism__ of woman encouraged by the Petrarchan tradition.14. Donne entered the church in 1615, where he rose rapidly to be Dean of _St Paul's Cathedral__, and the most famous preacher of his time.15. Milton's father was a __Puritan_, but not so harsh as most of the _Puritans__ of his day.16. Milton opposed the __Monarchic_ party and gave all his energies to the writing of __pamphlets_ dedicated to the people's liberties.17. Paradise Lost tells how __Satan_ rebelled against God and how _Adam__ and __Eve_ were driven out of Eden.18. Paradise Lost presents the author's view in an _allegorical__, _religious__ form.19. The poem Paradise Lost consists of _12__ books.20. Paradise Lost is based on the __Bibelical__ legend of the imaginary progenitors of the human race --- __Adam_ and __Eve_ , and involves God and his eternal adversary _Santan__ in its plot.21. In Revolution period __John Milton__ towers over his age as William Shakespeare towers over the Elizabethan Age and as Chaucer over the Medieval period.22. During the civil war and the commonwealth, there were two leadersin England, Cromwell, the man of action, and _John Milton__ the man of thought.23. In 1637Milton wrote the finest pastoral elegy in English, “__Lycidas_”to memorize the tragic death of a Cambridge friend.24. Milton wrote his masterpiece __Paradise Lost_ during his blindness.25. Comment on John Milton and his Paradise Lost.Exercise:1. Milton and Bunyan represented the extreme of English life in the 17th century. One gave us the only epic since _Beowulf___, the other gave us the only great_allegry___.2. Bunyan's most important work is _Pilgrim's Progess___, written in theold-fashioned medieval form of __allegory__ and ___dream_.3. In The Pilgrim's Progress, the story begins with a man called __Christian__setting out with a book in his hand and a great load on his back from the city of__Destuction__.4. Christian has two objects,--- to get rid of his __bureden__, which holds the sins and fears of his life, and to make his way to the __Celestial City_.5. John Bunyan gives a vivid and satirical description of __Vanity Fair__ which is the symbol of London at the time of Restoration.6. The literature of the middle and later periods of the 17th century cultimated inthe poetry of _John Milton___, in the prose writing of __John Bunyan__, and also in the plays and literary criticism of ___John Dryden_.Exercise:1. No sooner were the people in control of the government than they divided into hostile parties: the liberal _Whigs___, and the conservative __Tories__.2. Another feature of the 18th century was the rapid development of __social life__.3. The Enlighteners believed in the power of reason and therefore the 18th century is also called “the age of _Reason___”.4. The Enlightenment on the whole was an expression of struggle of the progressive class of _bourgeoisie__ against __feudalism__.5. The enlighteners repudiate the false religious doctrines about the __viciousness__ of human nature, and prove that man is born ___kind_ and __honest__, and if he becomes depraved, it is only due to the influence of _corrupted__ social environment.6. It is simply for convenience that we study 18th century writings in three main divisions: the reign of so-called __neo-classicism__, the revival of __romatic_poetry, and the beginnings of the ___modern novel__.7. The essays and stories of Addison and Steele devoted not only to social problems, but also to __private_ life_ and __adventures__.8. Pope was a man of extraordinary __wit__ and extensive __learning__, and his contemporaries considered him as the highest __authority__ in matters of literary art.9. The image of an enterprising Englishman of the 18th century was created by Daniel Defoe in his famous novel__Robinson Crusoe__.10. ___Alexander Pope_ is the leading figure of neo-classicism in the early period of the 18th century.11. Robinson Crusoe is largely an _adventure__ story, rather than the study of__human character__ which Defoe probably intended it to be.12. In The Shortest Way with the Dissenters, in a vein of grim _humor__ which recalls Swift's Modest Proposal Defoe advocated hanging all dissenting ministers, and sending all member of the free churches into exile.13. The full name of Robinson Crusoe is __The Life and Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe__.14. The story of Robinson Crusoe itself is real enough to have come straight from a sailor's __logbook__.15. Robinson named __Friday__ to the saved savage.16. Define the literary term, Picaresque Novels.Exercise:1.The 18th century in English literature is an age of __Prose___.2.Swift is born of English parents in ___Dublin Ireland___.3.Swift was the most remarkable __satirist__ in the 18th centurywho criticized the new bourgeois-aristocratic society of his age with out mercy.4. Jonathan Swift's masterpiece is __Gulliver's Travels__.5. Gulliver's adventures begins with __Liliputians__, who are so small that Gulliver isa giant among them.6. The country in Gulliver's Travels is __Houyhnhnms__, where horses are the real people and human beings , __Yahoos___ are their filthy servants.7. In the country of __Brobdingnag __, Gulliver is but pygmy.8. Gulliver's third voyage is occupied with a visit to the flying island of __Laputa__.9. A Modest Proposal is made to __English__ government to relieve the poverty of _Irish___ people.10. The Tale of a Tub is a satire on the various __churches__ of the day. Exercise:1.Henry Fielding is the greatest novelist of the __18th__ century.2.Fielding's first novel , _Joseph Andrews___ was inspired by the success of Richardson's novel Pamela.3. Fielding's later novels are ___Jonathon Wild___, the story of a rogue , which suggests Defoe's narrative ; __The History of _Tom Jones_, a Foundling_(1749) his best work; and __Amelia____ (1751) , the story of a good wife in contrast with an unworthy husband.1.In his works Fielding strongly criticizes __social relations__ in the Contemporary England.5. Fielding hates that hypocrisy which tries to conceal itself under A mask of__morality__.6. The lack of __spirituality__ of the age finds the most ample expression in his page.1.To read Milton's __Il Penseroso__ and Gray's is to see the beginning and the perfection of that “literature of melancholy”which largely Occupied English poets for more than a century.8. The author of the famous Elegy is the most scholarly and well-balanced of all the early __romantic__ poets.9. Oliver Goldsmith was one of the most __versatile__ of author and made distinguished contributions in several literary forms.10. Goldsmith was born in __Ireland__ , the son of an __Anglican__ clergyman whose geniality he inherited and whose improvidence he imitated.11. As ___essayest_ ,Goldsmith is among the best of the century.12. As a __poet__ he makes the riming couples as natural and simple as his prose.13. The Deserted Village is a (n )__idylice__ story of the family of a clergy-man after they have lost their money and are living in poverty.14. Goldsmith's two comedies , The Good-natured Man and She Stoops to Conquer met with opposition because the fashion was then for __sentimental__ comedy. 15. The two plays by Sheridan and _Goldsmith___ are the only plays of the18th century that have been kept alive upon the modem stage.16. Richard Brinsley Sheridan was, like Goldsmith ,a (n) _Irish__man.17. His famous comedy , _The Rivals__ , was written in his twenty-four year.18. Sheridan's famous comedy _The School of Scadal___, written in 1777, isconsidered his masterpiece.19. Define the literary term, comedy of humors.20. Of all the romantic poets of the 18th century ,Blake is the most independent and the most _original___.21. For greater part of his life Blake was the poet of inspiration alone , following no man' s __lead__ , obeying no voice but that which be heard in his own mystic__soul__.22. Beyond learning to __read__ and __write__, he received no education.23. His only formal education was in __art__.24. At 14, Blake apprenticed for seven years to a well-known __engraver__ , James Basire.25. After three years at Felpham ,Blake moved back to London , determined to follow his “__Divine Vision___”though it meant a life of isolation , misunderstanding , and poverty.26. The underlying theme in Songs of Innocence is the all-pervading presenceof divine and __sympathy__ , even in trouble and sorrow.27.In 1790 Blake engraved his principal prose , ___The Marriage of Heaven andHell_ , in which, with vigorous satire and telling apologue , he takes up his Revolutionary position.28. The__Songs of Experienc__ (1794) are in marked contrast with the Songs of Innocence.29. The brightness of the earlier work gives place to a sense of _gloom___ and mystery , and of the power of __evil__.30. In Jerusalem we have expounded Blake ‘s theory of __Imagination__ .31. The greatest of __Scottish__ poets is Robert Burns.32. In 1786. when he was 27 years old ,Burns resolved to abandon the struggle and seek position in the far-off island of __Jamaica__.33.Burns wrote some __patriotic__ poems , in which he expressed his deep love for his motherland ,such as “My Heart's in the Highlands”.34. Burns' poetry bone of the bone and flesh of the flesh ofthe __Scottish__ common people。
泛读教程第二册答案
英语泛读教程第二册答案】恩，小心收好。
来源：王静宜Cassie的日志Unit 1 ReadingSection AWord Pretest1.B2.A3.B4.A5.B6.C7.B8.CReading Comprehension1.B2.A3.B4.B5.C6.CV ocabulary BuildingWord Search1. assignment2. irony3. reverse4. accomplish5. assemble6. squeeze7. sensual8. fragment9. narcotic 10. adolescenceUse of EnglishBob agreed to take on the leadership of the expedition.The world was taken in by his fantastic story of having got to the Pole alone.He took up his story after a pause for questions and refreshments.That takes me back to the time I climbed to the top of Mount Fuji.The members of the party took it in turns to steer the boat.They took it for granted that someone would pick up their signals and come to their aid.Stemsproclaim: to announce officially and publicly; to declarepercentage: a proportion or share in relation to a whole; a partconfirm: to support or establish the certainty or validity of; to verifyaffirm: to declare positively or firmly; to maintain to be truecentigram: a metric unit of mass equal to one hundredth of a gramexclaim: to express or utter(something) suddenly or vehementlySynonyms1. adaptability2. purpose3.strained4.hold5.defeatClozeimportant second France student bilingualmonolingual serious means use difficultSection B1.F2.T3.T4.C5.A6.B7.B8.B9.B 10.T11.T 12.F 13.F 14.T 15.TSection C1.F2.T3.T4.F5.T6.F7.F8.F9.F 10.FUnit 2 MusicSection AWord Pretest1. B2. C3. B4. C5. B6. BReading comprehension1. T2. F3. T4. T5. T6. T7. T8. FV ocabulary BuildingWord search1. folk2. capacity3. sensuous4. qualified5. abuse6. stuff7. mood8. clarity9. striveSemantic variations1. B2. B3. B4. B5. A6.BStemscompose: to make up the constituent parts of; to constitute or formcontract: to reduce in size by drawing together, to shrinkdispose of: to get rid of, to throw outimpose: to obtrude or force( oneself, for example) on another or otherssubtract: to make away, to deductdeposit: to put (money) in a bank or financial accountSynonyms1. discriminating2. widespread3. compatibility4. clearness5. association Clozemusic form south danceinterest instruments voice rootsSection B1. F2. T3. F4. F5. F6.T 7 T 8. F 9 F 10. F11. F 12. T 13. T 14. F 15 TSection C1. D2. A3. D4. D5.D6. D7. D8. AUnit 3 GenerationSection AWord Pretest1. C2. C3. B4. C5. B6. C7. C8. A Reading Comprehension1. D2. C3. C4. A5. B6. C7. A8. B V ocabulary BuildingWord search1. lull2. associate3. client4. utterly5. certificate6. rags7. jerk8. foreman9. demanding 10. sentimentalSemantic variations1. C2. C3. B4. A5. B6. CStemstransmit: to send from one person, thing, or place to another; to conveydeduce: to reach (a conclusion) by reasoningeject: to throw out forcefully; to expelcompel: to force, drive, or constrainproject: to thrust outward or forwardconduct: to lead or guideAntonyms1. hopeless2. disobedient3. weighty4. agree5. clear Clozeactive girls skirts move raisedforce show fly hesitatedplaneSections B1. B2. C3. C4. B5. C6. C7. C8.C 9. A 10.C 11. C 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. CSection C1. F2. T3. T4. T5. F6. F7. T8.F 9. T 10. TReading Course 2 Unit 4Section AWord Pretest1.D2.A3.A4.B5.A6.C7.A8.B9.D 10. CReading Comprehension1.B2.B3.B4.B5.C6.A7.BV ocabulary BuildingWord Search1. slanting2. equator3. amplifier4. vapor5. desert6. latitude7. atlitude8. monsoon9. drain 10. precautionSemantic Variations1.A2.B3.C4.A5.C6.AStemsdivision: one of the parts, sections or groups into which something is dividedevident: easily see or understood; obviousindividual: a single human being considered apart from a society or communitysustain: to support from below; to keep from falling or sinking; to propvisible: possible to see; perceptible to the eyeobtain: to succeed in gaining possession of as the result of planning or endeavor;to acquireSynonyms1. mixture2. eternal3.impact4.humidity5.remoteClozeradio incorrect predict misunderstandingunexplained happen up rightSection B1.B2.C3.A4.F5.T6.F7.F8.F9.T 10.C11.C 12.B 13.T 14.F 15.TSection C1.T2.T3.F4.T5.F6.T7.F8.T9.T 10.TUnit 5 WorkSection AWord Pretest1C 2A 3B 4 C 5 B 6 A 7 C 8 CReading Comprehension1-8 C A A C C BV ocabulary BuildingWord Search1 intangible 2. crave 3 ego 4 attributable 5 stall 6 tool up 7 at stake 8. cram 9. forfeit 10. cornyUse of EnglishBy the time I opened the can its contents had gone off.I’ll go over how it works before you try it yourself.I was told it would be repaired free of charge, but the man in the shop has gone back on his promise.The book was so popular that there weren’t enough copies to go round.His shop has gone out of business after making heavy losses.The trade has gone from bad to worse and staff are being laid off.Stems 1-6 BADAACSynonyms 1-5 graceful spontaneously oppose usual clientClozestaff maximize objectives participate potentialskills easier appointed specific commitmentSection B1-5 ACBFT 6-10 FACDB 11-15 CBTFTSection C1-5 FTFTF 6-10 TFTFTUnit 6 The African-AmericansSection AWord Pretest1. C2. A3. C4. A5. B6. A7. C8. CReading Comprehension1. F 2T 3T 4F 5T 6F 7T 8TV ocabulary BuildingWord Search1. destined2. relief3. segregation4. boycott5. sit-in6. legacy7. chronicle8. assault9. plight 10. vigilanceSemantic Variations1C 2A 3C 4A 5B 6CStems1. evolution: the theory that groups of organisms change with passage of time, mainly as a result of natural selection, so that descendants differ morphologically and physiologically from their ancestors2. ascend: to go or move upward3. devolve: to pass on or delegate to another4. migrate: to change location periodically, especially by moving seasonally from one region to another5. export: to send or transport (a commodity, for example) abroad, especially for trade or sale6. condescend: to descend to the level of one considered inferior; to lower oneself Antonyms1. observe2. admit3. dismiss4. eulogize5. advanceClozeNominated raised immigrated earned rose Assignment position army autobiography speak erSection B1T 2T 3F 4C 5B 6D 7D 8D9T 10F11F 12F 13T 14TSection C1A 2D 3D 4C 5C 6B 7D 8CKeys to Reading Course 2Unit 7 Greek StoriesSection AWord Pretest1.C2.B3.D4.D5.A6.B7.B8.A9.C 10.CReading Comprehension1.B2.C3.C4.C5. C6.D7.C8.DV ocabulary BuildingWord matchripple a little wave on the surface of watermischief naughty behavior by childrenhospitality welcoming behaviorbillow a large sea wavespell delightful influencenymph a goddess of natureband a group of musiciansuitor a man wishing to marry a particular womanmortal a human beingwarrior a soldiercrafty cunninghostile unfriendlymerry cheerfultame not wildcontent satisfiedresume to take againgloom darknessdespise to look down on with contemptdismay a strong feeling of fear, anxiety and hopelessnessdusk the time just before nightSemantic Variations1-6 CAAAACStemstendency: movement or prevailing movement in a given direction2. conservative: favoring traditional views and values; tending to oppose change3. preserve: to keep in perfect or unaltered condition; tending to oppose change valuable: of great importanceavailable: present and ready for use; at hand; accessibleprevail: to be most common or frequent; to be predominantAntonyms1. forbid2. clarify3.sorrow4.remain5.concealClozename place arrows wandered powermischief won neglected celebrate expeditionSection B1-5 CCACD 6-10 TTFFF 11-15 TTBBCSection C1-5 CADBA 6-8DCCUnit 8 Attitude Towards LifeSection AWord Pretest: BACBA BCAReading Comprehension: CABBC BBBV ocabulary BuildingWord matchastonishing surprisingconsiderate thoughtful of other persons’ wishes, needs or feelingspreach to advise or urge others to accept (sth. one believes in) strenuous taking or needing great effort or strengtharena an enclosed area for sports, public entertainments, etc.adversity bad fortune, troublebatter to damage, break, or cause to lose shapereverse the opposite, the other way roundpenetrate to see into or throughself-esteem one’s good opinion of one’s own worthdoom to cause to suffer sth unavoidable and terribleemerge to come out or appear from inside or from being hiddenblessing a gift from God or anything that brings happiness and good fortune mess up to get into disorder; to spoil, etc.devastating completely destructivecommon denominator a quality or belief shared by all the members of a groupodds the probabilities that sth will or will not happenstack to arrange dishonestly so as to give oneself an unfair advantagemotive to provide with a strong reason for doing sth.falter lose strength or effectiveness; weakenSemantic Variations: CBBACBStems1 prescribe to advise the use of a medicine2 description an account of a person in words3 terrain a stretch of land, with regard to its natural features4 subscribe to pay regularly in order to receive a magazine, newspaper, etc.5 territorial of a country’s territory6 extraterrestrial of or from outside the earth or its atmosphereAntonymsappear ready hide s skillful carelessClozeintelligent activities workout attitudeoff reducing seem asideSection BCCCCC TFTFT TTFFTSection CFTFTF TFTTTUnit 9 First AidSection AWord Pretest1.B.2.A.3.C4.B.5.B.6.B.7.B.8.A.9.C. 10.BReading comprehension1.B.2. C.3. D.4. B/D/A/C.5.C.6.C.7.A.8.C/A/B/D V ocabulary BuildingWord Search1.ambulance2.urgent3.emergency4.massage5.yell6.vein7.artery8.fracture9.blister 10.tetanus Use of English1.The government has come in for a lot of criticism.2. It’s hard to come to terms with the government’s defense policy.3. After retiring in 1980 he has decided to make a comeback to the political scene.4. The situation has come to the boil now that the government has to face a vote of confidence.5. The tax cuts announced in the Budget do not come into effect until next year.6. The miners came out on strike against the government’s privatization plans.Stemssolo: a composition or passage for an individual voice or instrument, with or without accompanimentseries: a number of objects or events arranged or coming one after the other in successionisolate: to set apart or cut off from othersdesert: to withdraw from, especially in spite of a responsibility or duty; to forsakepeninsula: a piece of land that projects into a body of water and is connected with the mainland by an isthmusexert: to put to use or effect; to put forthinsulate: to prevent the passage of heat, electricity or sound into or out of somewhere, especially by surrounding with a non-conducting materialsinsert: to put or set into, between or amongSynonymsgive 2. stop 3. antiseptic 4. block 5. penetrateClozePedestrians adults declining avoid signals case impaired fatalitiesSection B1.C2.B3.B4.D5.A6.C7.B8.A 9.T 10.F 11.F 12.F 13.T 14.TSection C1.F2.T3.F4.T5.F6.F7.F8.F9.F 10.TKeys to Reading Course 2Unit 10 MarriageSection AWord Pretest1.C2.C3.C4.C5.A6.A7.A8.CReading Comprehension1.A2.B3.C4.C5. B6.C7.A8.AV ocabulary BuildingWord matchquotation a sentence or passage taken from a bookartificial not naturalanguish very great pain or suffering, esp. of the mindanniversary a day which is an exact year or number of years after something has happened superstition a belief based on association of ideas instead of reason or factbouquet a bunch of flowersheed to give attention toescort to accompanyconfetti small pieces of colored paper thrown on weddingsconceal to hideconsent agreementasunder apartvow a solemn promise or declaration of intentionrites forms of behavior with a fixed pattern for a religious purposesermon to talk usually based on a sentence from the Bible and given as part of a church serviceUse of EnglishWill you please keep me company for a while?I couldn’t keep a straight face when he told me of his plan.The staff are going to be kept in the dark about the firm’s plans for the future.I’ll keep an open mind until we’ve discussed it.I’ll keep away from her until she’s feeling more optimistic.Try to keep your head even if you don’t know what’s going to happen.Stemsbriefly: for a short time; in as few words as possibleastronaut: a person trained to pilot, navigate, or otherwise participate in the flight of a spacecraftabridge: to reduce the length of (a written text); to condensefuse: to blend thoroughly by or as if by melting togetherastronomy: the scientific study of matter in outer space, especially the positions, dimensions, distribution, motion, composition, energy and evolution of celestial bodes and phenomena confusing: unclear or difficult to understandabbreviate: to reduce (a word or phrase) to a shorter form intended to represent the full form Synonyms1. naughty2. divine3.break4.give5.seizeClozewrong dislike midnight standard homelife convinced meantime capitalSection B1.T2.F3.T4.F5.B6.C7.C8.D9.C 10.D11.F 12.T 13.F 14.A 15.C 16. BSection C1.T2.F3.T4.T5.F6.F7.T8.F9.F 10.TUnit 11 CreativitySection A Word Pretest1-5: B, A, A, B, A 6-8: B, A, AReading Comprehension 1-6: A, C, A, A, C，CV ocabulary Building ---Word Matchglow to give out heat or lightinstinctive (of ideas, behaviors) natural, not based on learning or thinkingexemplify to serve as examplefunnel a wide-mouthed tube used for pouring liquids into a narrow-necked containerprelude a short piece of music that introduces a large musical workapplaud to praise by clapping one’s handsflash to shine suddenly and brightlyattend to to direct one’s interest and effort topotential the ability to develop, achieve or succeedimpulse a sudden wish to do somethingdoze to sleep lightlyevaluate to judge the value or degree ofresurgence a return to power, life and activitystuck unable to gosketch to describe roughlyUse of EnglishThe Austrians made peace with Napoleon.They couldn’t make out what the enemy were trying to say.Seeing the enemy’s guns facing him made hi hair stand on end.The onset of winter made things worse for the troops.While they were on leave the sailors made the most of their freedom.I make no secret of my loathing for war.Stemsaccordance: agreement; conformitydisclose: to make known (something heretofore kept secret); to revealinclusive: including the specified extremes or limits as well as the area between themcore: the hard or fibrous central part of certain fruits, such as the apple or the pear, containing the seedsenclose: to surround on all sides; to close inconclude: to bring about a final agreement or settlementencouragement: the act or words of encouragingclose: a cabinet or enclosed recess for storing linens, household supplies, or clothingAntonyms 1. lose 2. horizontal 3. sterile 4. old 5. identicalClozename managed worked after feelparents computers playing to spend tradeSection B 1-5: C, C, C, C, C 6-10: C, C, C, F, F 11-13: T, C, BSection C 1-5: F, F, T, T, F 6: TUnit 12 TravelSection AWord Pretest1.A2.A3.C4.B5.B6.B7.A8.AReading Comprehension1.B2.B3.A4.C5.A6.A7.C8.BV ocabulary BuildingWord Search1.halve2.purchase3.consulate4.fare5.discount6.resort7.monopoly8.principal9.carnival 10.boredomUse of EnglishThey are putting on a version of “Cinderella” on ice.The opening of his one-man show has been put off until he recovers from his illness.I can’t put my finger on what it was that I disliked about the performance.Put your previous failures behind you and think of what your next venture might be.A plan has been put forward to prevent valuable paintings being sold to collectors and galleries abroad.They tried to put pressure on the Arts Council to supports the newly-formed orchestraStems1.dictation: the act of saying or reading aloud to be recorded or written by another2.fraction: a small part; a bit3.indication: serving as a sign, symptom, or token of; something that is signified4.predict: to state, tell about, or make known in advance, especially on the basis of special knowledge5.contradiction: being contrary to; being inconsistent with6.fragments: small parts broken off or detachedSynonyms1. chief2. examine3. fame4. local5. soleClozefound trade famous spread discoveryidea support offered valued saltSection B1.B2.C3.C4.C5.B6.C7.B8.T9.T 10.T11.C 12.C 13.BSection C1.F2.T3.F4.F5.T6.T7.F8.T9.F 10.FUnit 13 ExaminationsSection AWord Protest1. A2. C3. A4. B5. C6. A7. B8. BReading Comprehension1. B2. C3. C4. A5. C6. BV ocabulary BuildingWord Search1. assimilate2. presentation3. deduct4. reinforce5. statistics6. offender7. thwart 8. impunity 9. plagiarize 10. reprimand 11. crib 12. divisiveSemantic Variations1. B2. B3. A4. C5. C6. BStemsoccupation: an activity that serves as one’s regular source of livelihood; a vocation broadcast: to transmit (a radio or television program) for public or general usecaptive: taken and held prisoner, as in warcapture: to hold; to occupyabroad: out of one’s own countryperceive: to become aware of directly through any of the sense, especially sight or hearing conceive: to form or hold an ideabroaden: to make or become broaderSynonyms1. thwart2. huge3. break4. obvious5. accomplishClozeadvantage meaningful disadvantages subject expressingreading unsatisfactory giving arise pictureSection B1. C2. D3. B4. B5.C6.T7.T8. F 9.F 10. T 11. T 12.B 13. A 14. BSection C1. F2. F3. T4. T5. T6. T7.T8. T9. T 10. TUnit 14 Intellectual PropertySection AWord Pretest1. B2. A3. B4. A5. A6. B7. C8. BReading Comprehension1. B2. C3. C4. B5. C6. B7. AV ocabulary BuildingWord Search1. procedure2. variety3. multiple4. application5. promote6. diligent7. novelty8. judicial9. disclosure 10. stimulusUse of EnglishThis cloudy weather is getting me down.I would like to get this meeting over with as quickly as possible.You won’t be able to get t hrough to her what she has to do.His refusal to commit himself gets on my nerves.Thomas and David get along very well.One of these days I must get round to replying to all this correspondence.Stems1. densely: the quality of being packed or crowded together2. defense: the act of defending against attack, danger, or injury3. credit: an arrangement for deferred payment of a loan or purchase4. condense: to make (a liquid) thicker by removing some of the water5. incredible: too strange to be believed; unbelievable6. dense: difficult to see throughSynonyms1. rival2. final3. variety4. personal5. barClozebasis revised minimum addition works participated adopted conceptsSection B1. T2. F3. F4. A5. A6. C7. F8. T9. F 10. F11. T 12. T 13. C 14. B 15. CSection C1. B2. A3. B4. A5. B6. D7. A8. AUnit 15 LawSection AWord pretest1. C2. A3. B4. B5. C6. B7.C8.CReading Comprehension1.T2. T3. F4. T5. F6. F7. F8. T9. T 10. TV ocabulary BuildingWord Searchespionage 2. anonymity 3. extortion 4. prosecutor 5. sue 6. accuse 7. indict 8. plead 9. testimony 10. verdict 11. probation 12 reverseSemantic Variations 1. C 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. BStemscorruption: the act of being venal; dishonestypendulum: a body suspended from a fixed support so that it swings freely back and forth under the influence of gravity, commonly used to regulate various devices, especially clockserupt: to become violently activebankruptcy: the state of being unable to pay one’s debtsdependable: reliable, trustworthyinterrupt: to break the continuity or uniformity ofindependence: the state or quality of being independentsuspend: to cause to stop for a period: to interruptAntonyms1. frequently2. prohibition3. agreement4. disapprove5. fairnessClozeadmitted survey caught relatives vehicles admission threatened increaseprofessional unskilledSection B1. D2. A3. C4. A5. B6. C7. B8. T9. T 10. T 11. T 12. T 13. FSection C1. D2. C3. C4. B5. B6. D7. B8. DUnit 16 World War IISection AWord PretestAAABBCCAReading ComprehensionCCCAAAV ocabulary BuildingWord SearchraidordealwailcommutersmashneutraldevastatearmisticedisarmgrievancepuppetappeasementSemantic VariationsBABACBStemsspectator: an observer of an eventinspect: to examine carefully and critically, especially for flaws inspire: to affect, guide, or arouse by divine influencerespectively: each separately in the order mentionedsuspicious: arousing or apt to arouse suspicon; questionableexpire: to come to an end; to terminateprospect: something expected; a possiblityperspective: a mental view or outlookspectacle: something that can be seen or viewed, especially something of aremarkable or impressive naturecircumspect: looking round on all sides watchfully; prudentSynonymshugeultimateconquerdeadlydisturbanceClosebase undetected took bombed fleetheart sunk lost declared troopsSection BBABTTFTTTTBCCFTFSection CFFTTFTFTFTUnit 17 HousingSection AWord Pretest1.B2. B3.B4.C5.C6.B7.B8.DReading Comprehension1. T2.F3.T4.F5.T6.T7.T8.TV ocabulary BuildingWord Search1. sociologist2. spontaneously3. hassle4. sneak5. fee6. jack7. spacious8. cozy9. crawl 10. customarySemantic Variations1. C2. A3. A4. B5. B6. AStems1. sensible: reasonable2. structural: of, relating to, having, or characterized by structure3. sensitive: feeling readily, acutely, or painfully4. consent: to give assent, as to the proposal of another; to agree5. destructive: causing destruction; ruinous6. construction: the act or process of constructingAntonyms1. attached2. helpful3. fixed4. limited5. displeasureClozeplentiful fire inexpensively room spread disastrous difficult uncomfortable1. C2. D3. B4. D5. F6. T7. T8.F 9. C 10. B11. F 12. T 13. T 14. C 15. ASection C1. A2. B3. D4. B5. D6. C7. C8.A 9. C 10. AUnit 18 DramaWord Pretest1. B2. B3. B4. A5. B6. A7. A8. BV ocabulary BuildingWord Matchsparse thinly spread or distributedbequeath to leave something, especially property, to another by willprecisely exactlyethics moral principlesproposition proposal, suggestiondisloyalty behavior of being not loyalfidget to move one’s body about restlesslywrangle to quarrel angrily and noisily, arguepresume to supposeturn down to refuseconversant familiarfurnish to put furniture, carpets, curtains, and other things into a roomdiscreditable shamefulsolicitor lawyerhire-purchase a way of buying goods gradually; installmnet planSemantic Variations1. C2. A3. C4. B5. A6. AStems1. chronometer a very exact clock for measuring time2. encyclopedia a book or set of books containing information on every branch of knowledge, or on one particular branch, subjects or on numerous aspects of a particular field, usually arranged alphabetically3. autograph a person’s own signature or handwriting4. chronic lasting for a long period of time or marked by frequent recurrence, as of certain diseases5. diagram a plan, sketch, drawing, or outline designed to explain how something works6. pedestrian a person who is walking esp. in an area where vehicles go7. calligraphy the art of fine handwritingl handwriting8. recycle to use again1. show2. contradict3. exact4. refuse5. withdraw Clozetypes difference focuses struggle decidesinvolves society human reformation Opposing prevail symbolizes。
(完整word版)英国文学选读练习题-含答案(word文档良心出品)
Exercise for English Literature (2)Choose the best answer for each blank.1.________, the “father of English poetry” and one of the greatest narrative poets of England, was born inLondon about 1340.C.Geoffre.Chaucer B.Si.Gawain2.Franci.Bacon D.Joh.Dryden3.Chaucer died on the 25th October 1400, and was buried in ________.C.Flanders B.France3.Italy D.Westminste.Abbeymercia.expansio.abroad._______.encourage.exploratio.an.travel.wpatibl.wit.th.interes.o.th.Englis.merchants.C.Henr.V B.Henr.VII4.Henr.VIII D.Quee.Elizabeth5.Except being a victory of England over ________, the rout of the fleet “Armada” (Invincible) was also thetriumph of the rising young bourgeoisie over the declining old feudalism.C.Spain B.France5.America D.Norway6.At the beginning of the 16th century the outstanding humanist ________ wrote his Utopia in which he gave aprofound and truthful picture of the people’s suffering and put forward his ideal of a future happ y society.C.Thoma.More B.Thoma.Marlowe6.Franci.Bacon D.Willia.Shakespear7.Absolute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of Queen ________.C.Mary B.Elizabeth7.William D.Victoria8.English Renaissance Period was an age of ________.C.pros.an.novel B.poetr.an.drama8.essay.an.journals D.ballad.an.songs9.From the following, choose the one which is not Francis Bacon’s work: ________.C.Th.Advancemen.o.Learning B.Th.Ne.InstrumentE.Essays D.Th.Ne.AtlanticsF.Venus and Adonis9.“Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?” This is the beginning line of one of Shakespeare’s ________.C.songs B.playsedies D.sonnets11.The heroines of Shakespeare’s great comedies, ________ are the daughters of the Renaissance, whoseimages and stories will remain a legacy to readers and audiences of all time.C.Portia B.Roseland11.Viola D.Beatrice12.Choose the four great tragedies of Shakespeare from the following ________.C.Hamlet B.OthelloE.Macbeth D.Kin.LearF.Timon of Athens12.Which play is not a comedy? ________C..Midsumme.Night’.Dream B.Th.Merchan.o.VeniceE.Twelft.Night D.Rome.an.JulietF.As You Like ItA.“Denmar.i..prison”.I.whic.pla.doe.th.her.summaris.hi.observatio.o.hi.worl.int.suc..bitte.sentence.________C.Charle.I B.Othello14.Henr.VIII D.Hamlet15.The works of ________ and the Authorised Version of the English Bible are the two great treasuries of theEnglish language.C.Geoffre.Chaucer B.Edmun.Spenser15.Willia.Shakespeare D.Be.Johnson16.In which play does the hero show his prof ound reverence for man through the sentence: “What a piece ofwok is a man! How nobel in reason! How finite in faculty!” ________C.Rome.an.Juliet B.Hamlet16.Othello D.Th.Merchan.o.VeniceA.I.1649._______monwealth.C.Jame.I B.Jame.II17.Charle.I D.Charle.II18.The revolution of 1688 meant three of the following things: ________.A.the supremacy of ParliamentB.the beginning of modern EnglandC.the triumph of the principal libertyD.the triumph of the principle of political libertyE.the Restoration of monarchy18.Who of the following were the important metaphysical poets? ________C.Joh.Donne B.Georg.Herbertton D.Richar.Lovelace20.Which work was NOT written by John Milton? ________C.Paradis.Lost B.Paradis.Regained20.Samso.Agonistes D.Volpone21.Paradise Lost is ________.A.John Milton’s masterpieceB.a great epic in 12 booksC.written in blank verseD.about the heroic revolt of Satan against God’s authority21.John Milton is ________.A.a great revolutionary poet of the 17th centuryB.an outstanding political pamphleteerC.a great stylistD.a great master of blank verseto.too.hi.storie.o.Paradis.Lost.i.e.________.B.the creationC.the rebellion in Heaven of Satan and his fellow-angelsD.their defeat and expulsion from HeavenE.the creation of the death and of adam and EveF.the fallen angels in hell plotting against GodG.Satan’s temptation of EveH.the departure of Adam and Eve from Eden23.The finest thing in Paradise Lost is the description of hell, and ________ is often regarded as the real hero ofthe poem.A.GodB.Satan24. C.Adam D.Eve25.Who is the greatest of the Metaphysical school of poetry? ________C.Joh.Donne B.Georg.Herbert25.Andre.Marvell D.Henr.Vaugham26.________ was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western Europe in the 18th century.C.Th.Renaissance B.Th.Enlightenment26.Th.Religiou.Reformation D.Th.Chartis.MovementA.Th.mai.literar.strea.o.th.18t.centur.wa.________.Wha.th.writer.describe.i.thei.work.wer.mainl.socia.realities.C.naturalism B.romanticismE.classicism D.realismF.sentimentalismA.Th.eighteent.centur.wa.th.golde.ag.o.th.Englis.________.Th.nove.o.thi.perio.spok.th.trut.abou.lif.wit.a.uncompromisin.courage.C.drama B.poetry28.essay D.novel29.In 1704, Jonathan Swift published two works together, ________ and ________, which made him well-known as a satirist.C..Tal.o..Tub B.Bickerstaf.Almanac29.Gulliver’.Travels D..Modes.Proposal30.“Proper words in proper places, makes the true definition of a style.” This sentence is said by ________, oneof the greatest masters of English prose.C.Alexande.Pope B.Henr.Fielding30.Danie.Defoe D.Jonatha.SwiftA.A..journalist._______.o.circumstantia.detail.Thi.powe.t.mak.hi.character.aliv.an.hi.storie.credibl.i.a.inimitabl.gift.C.Josep.Addison B.Danie.Defoe31.Samue.Richarson D.Tobia.Smollett32.Which of the following are NOT written by William Blake? ________C.Poetica.Sketches B.Song.o.InnocenceE.Song.o.Experience n.SyneG.Th.Marriag.o.Heave.an.Hell F.ProphecisH.Visions of the Daughters of Albion and America, a Prophecy32.In the 18th century English literature, the representative poets of pre-romanticism were ________.C.Willia.Wordsworth B.Willia.Blake33.Rober.Burns D.Jonatha.Swift34.The Romantic Age begab with the publication of The Lyrical Ballads which was written by ________.C.Willia.Wordsworth B.Samue.Johnson34.Samue.Taylo.Coleridge D.Wordswort.an.Coleridge35.The Romantic Age came to an end with the death of the last well-known romantic writer ________.C.Jan.Austen B.Walte.Scott35.Samue.Taylo.Coleridge D.Willia.Wordsworth36.The glory of the Romantic Age lies in the poetry of ________.C.Willia.Wordsworth B.Samue.Taylo.ColeridgeE.Georg.Gordo.Byron D.Perc.Byssh.ShelleyF.John KeatsA.Th.Englis.Romanti.Ag.produce.tw.majo.novelists.The.ar.________.B.George Gordon Byron and Percy Bysshe ShelleyC.William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD.Walter Scott and Jane AustenE.Charles Lamb and William Hazlitt37.Which poets belong to the Active Romantic group? ________C.Georg.Gordo.Byron B.Willia.WordsworthE.Perc.Byssh.Shelley D.Joh.KeatsF.John Milton38.Which poets belong to the Lakers? ________C.Willia.Wordsworth B.Samue.Taylo.ColeridgeE.Joh.Keats D.Rober.SoutheyF.Walter Scott39.Which of the folloeing were written by Wordsworth ONLY? ________C.T.th.Cuckoo B.Th.Lyrica.BalladsE.Luc.Poems D.Th.Solitar.ReaperF.I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud40.The publication of ________ marked the break with the conventional poetical tradition of the 18th century,i.e., with classicism, and the beginning of the Romantic revival in England.C.Th.Lyrica.Ballads B.Th.Prelude41.Child.Harold’.Pilgrimage D.Do.Juan42.As contrasted with the classicists who made reason, order and the old, classical traditions the criteria in theirpoetical creations, ________ based his own poetical principle on the premise that “all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling.”C.Samue.Taylo.Coleridge B.Georg.Gordo.Byron42.Perc.Byssh.Shelley D.Willia.Wordsworth43.________ was the first critic of the Romantic School.C.Willia.Wordworth B.Samue.Johnson43.Samue.Taylo.Coleridge D.Wordwort.an.Coleridge44.Which of the following statements is (are) NOT true about George Gordon Byron? ________A.Byron’s early years had been far from happy for he was born with a clubfoot, in the frequent family scenes hismother called him “you lame brat.”B.Byron died in Italy annd was deeply mourned by the Italian people and by all progressive people throughoutthe world.C.The reactionary criticism of the 19th ce ntury tried to belittle Byron’s genius and his role in the development ofEnglish literature, but Byron remains one of the most popular English poets both at home and abroad.44.Sinc.th.Ma..Movemen.i.1919.mor.an.mor.o.Byron’.poem.hav.bee.translate.int.Chines.an.wel.receive.b.th.poet.an.youn.readers.Byro.ha.no.becom.on.o.th.best-know.Englis.poet.i.ou.country.45.In 1805, Wordsworth completed a long autobiographical poem entitled ________.C.Biographi.literaria B.Th.Prelude45.Luc.Poems D.Th.Lyrica.Ballads46.________ is regarded as the most wonderful lyricist England has ever produced mainly for his poems onnature, on love, and on politics.C.Willia.Wordsworth B.Joh.Keats46.Georg.Gordo.Byron D.Perc.Byssh.Shelley47.Which of the following statements is (are) NOT true about Percy Bysshe Shelley? ________A.Prometheus Unbound is Percy Bysshe Shelley’s masterpiece, a long epic poem.B.At Eton Percy Bysshe Shelley was known as “Mad Shelley”, for his obstinate opposition to the brutal faggingsystem, according to which the younger school-boys were obliged to obey the older boys and bear a great deal of cruel treatment.C.George Gordon Byron alled Percy Bysshe Shelley “the best and least selfish man I ever knew.”D.Percy Bysshe Shelley loved the people and hated their oppressors and exploiters.A.________’.pursui.o.beaut.i.al.thing.bespok.a.aspiratio.afte..bette.lif.tha.th.sordi.realit.unde.capitalism.Hi.leadin.principl.is.“Beaut.i.truth.trut.beauty.”C.Perc.Byssh.Shelley B.Georg.Gordo.Byron48.Willia.Wordsworth D.Joh.KeatsA.Choos.th.fou.immorta.ode.writte.b.Joh.Keats.________C.Od.t.th.Wes.Wind B.Od.t..NightingaleE.T.Autumn D.Od.o.MelancholyF.Ode on a Grecian UrnA.Choos.th.work.writte.b.Jan.Austen.________C.Prid.an.Prejudice B.Sens.an.SensibilityE.Northange.Abbey C.Emma50.Mansfiel.Park F.PersuasionA.I.th.19t.centur.Englis.literature..ne.literar.tren.calle._______.appeared.An.i.flourishe.i.th.fortie.an.i.th.earl.fifties.C.romanticism B.naturalism51.realism D.critica.realismA.Englis.critica.realis.foun.it.expressio.chiefl.i.th.for.o.________.Th.critica.realists.mos.o.wh.wer.novelists.describe.wit.vividnes.an.artisti.skil.th.chie.trait.o.th.Englis.societ.an.criticise.th.capitalis.syste.fro..democrati.viewpo int.C.novel B.drama52.poetry D.essay53.The greatest English critical realist novelist was ________, who criticised the bourgeois civilisation andshowed the misery of the common people.C.Willia.Makepeac.Thackeray B.Charle.Dickens53.Charlott.Bronte D.Emil.Bronte54.Which of the following writers belong to critical realists? ________Charle.Dickens B.Charlott.Bronte54. C.Emil.Bronte D.Thoma.HardyA._______.wrot..numbe.o.littl.sketche.o.“cockne.characters”.H.signe.the.“Boz”.whic.wa.hi.nicknam.fo.hi.youn.brother.Hi.firs.book.Sketche.b.Bo.appeare.i.1836.C.Elizabet.Gaskell B.Willia.M.Thackeray55.Charle.Dickens D.Jan.Austen56.________ has been called “the supreme epic of English life.”C..Tal.o.Tw.Cities B.Davi.Copperfield56.Pickwic.Papers D.Olive.Twist57.The theme underlying ________ is the idea “Where there is oppression, there is revolution”.C..Tal.o.Tw.Cities B.Davi.Copperfield57.Pickwic.Papers D.Olive.TwistA.I.th.Victoria.Age.poetr.wa.no..majo.ar.intende.t.chang.th.world.Th.mai.poet.o.th.ag.wer.________.C.Alfre.Tennyson B.Rober.BrowningE.Mrs.Browning D.Rober.BurnsF.William BlakeA.Th._______.Movemen.appeare.i.th.thirtie.o.th.19t.century.I.showe.th.Englis.worker.wer.abl.t.appea.a.a.independen.politica.forc.an.wer.alread.realisin.th.fac.tha.th.industria.bourgeoisi.wa.thei.principa.enemy.C.Enlightenment B.Renaissance59.Chartist D.Romanticist60.Which novel is a great satire upon the society and those people who dream to enter the higher societyregardless of the social reality? ________C..Tal.o.Tw.Cities B.Davi.Copperfield60.Grea.Expectation D.Dombe.an.Son61.Charles Dickens takes the French Revolution as the background of the novel ________.C..Tal.o.Tw.Cities B.Grea.Expectation61.Har.Times D.Davi.Copperfield62.________ is often regarded as the semi-autobiography of the author Dickens in which the early life of thehe ro is largely based on the author’s early life.C.To.Jones B.Davi.Copperfield62.Olive.Twist D.Grea.ExpectationA.Th.Bront.sister.ar.________.The.wer.al.talente.writer.an.al.o.the.die.young.C.Charlott.Bronte B.Emil.BronteE.Ann.Bronte D.Jan.AustenF.Catherine63.Charlotte Bronte produced four novels: ________.C.Professor B.Jan.EyreE.Shirley D.VilletteF.Agnes Grey64.Emily Bronte wrote only one novel entitled ________.C.Wutherin.Heights B.Jan.Eyre65.Emma D.Agne.Grey.appea.i.th.nove.Jan.Eyre.________C.Jan.Eyre B.Mr.Rochester66.Mar.Barton D.Sila.Marner67.Which characters appear in the novel Wuthering Heights? ________C.Heathcliff B.CatherineE.Hindley D.CathyF.Hareton67.In the novel Jane Eyre, Charlotte Bronte ________.A.pours a great deal of her own experienceB.criticises the bourgeois system of educationC.shows that true love is the foundation of marriageD.shows that women should have equal rights with men68.Women novelists began to appear in England during the second half of the ________ century.C.17th B.18th69.19th D.20th70.Anne Bronte also wrote two novels ________ and ________.C.Shirley B.Villette70.Th.Tenan.o.th.Wildfel.Hall D.Agne.Grey71.Which of the following statements are true about Jane Eyre? ________A.One of the central themes of the book is the criticism of the bourgeois system of education.B.Another problem raised in the novel is the position of women in society.C.This book is Charlottel Bronte’s best literary production.c.o.cultur.amon.th.bourgeoisi.an.sympathise.wit.th.suffering.o.th.poo.people.He.realis.wa.coloure.b.petty-bourgeoi.philanthropy.72.Most of Robert Browning’s important works, including ________, are written in the form of dramaticmonologue.Dramati.Lyrics B.Dramati.Romances72. C.Me.an.Women D.dramatic.Personae73.Thomas Hardy is one of the representatives of English ________ at the turn of the 19th century.C.critica.realism B.pre-romanticism73.neo-classicism D.ne.romanticism74.Which statement is true? ________A.Thomas Hardy is a famous novelist.B.Thomas Hardy is also a poet.C.Thomas Hardy is a critical realist.D.Fatalism is strongly reflected in Thomas Hardy’ novels.A.Accordin.t.Thoma.Hardy’.ow.classification.hi.novel.divide.themselve.int.thre.groups.The.ar.________.B.Novels of character and environmentC.Romances and FantasiesD.Novels of IngenuityE.Working class literatureA.Novel.o.characte.an.environmen.ar.als.calle.Wesse.novels.takin.th.southwes.countie.o.Englan.fo.thei.setting.The.include.________.C.Unde.th.Greenwoo.Tree B.Th.Retur.o.th.NativeE.Th.Mayo.o.Casterbridge D.Tes.o.th.D’UrbervillesF.Jude the Obscure76.The following statements are about Thomas Hardy’s novels, which are true? ________A.His Wessex novels are of great significance.B.The Southwest counties of England are the setting of his Wessex novels.C.There is pessimism in his novels.D.Mankind is subjected to hostile and mysterious fate.E.There are elements of naturalism in his works.edies.h.criticise.th.uppe.clas.o.th.Englis.bourgeedie.ar.________.dy Windermere’s FanC.A Woman of No ImportanceD.An Ideal HusbandE.The Importance of Being EarnestF.The Picture of Dorian Gray78.Oscar Wilde was the representative among the writers of ________.C.aestheticism B.decadence79.critica.realism D.pre-romanticismA.Alfre.Tennyson’.poeti.outpu.wa.vas.an.varied.Hi.mai.poem.ar.________.C.Th.Princess B.MaudE.I.Memoriam D.Idyll.o.th.KingF.Crossing the Bar80.Which of the following short poems was/were written by Alfred Tennyson? ________C.Break.Break.Break B.Crossin.th.BarE.Th.Eagle D.Swee.an.LowF.Tears, Idle Tears81.Which lament was written by Alfred Tennyson for the death of his friend Hallam? ________C.I.Memoriam B.Lycidas82.Adodais D.Eleg.writte.i..Countr.Churchyard83.My Last Duchess is ________.C..dramati.monologue B..shor.lyric83..novel D.a.essay84.________ are generally regarded as Joseph Conrad’s finest novels.C.Lor.Jim B.Nostromo84.Youth D.Th.Ol.Wives.Tale85.Who is regar ded as a forerunner of the “stream of consciousness” literature in the 20th century?C.Joh.Galsworthy B.Henr.James85.Thoma.Stearn.Eliot D.Jame.Joyce86.George Bernard Shaw’s essay ________, a commentary on Henrik Ibsen’s dramatic works, served also as theauthor’s own program of dramatic creation.C.Widower’.Houses B.Mrs.Warren’.Profession86.Majo.Barbara D.Th.Quintessenc.o.Ibsenism87.In English literature, ________ and ________ are the two best-known novelists of the “stream ofconsciousness” school.wrence B.Rober.Tressell87.Jame.Joyce D.Virgini.Woolf88.________’s admirers have praised him as “second only to Shakespeare in his mastery of English language.”wrence B.T.S.Eliot88.Jame.Joyce D.W.B.Yeats89.________ is the climax of Vir ginia Woolf’s experiments in novel form.C.Th.Window B.Tim.Passes89.T.th.Lighthouse D.Th.Waves90.Which of the following novels belong(s) to the “stream of consciousness” school of novel writing?C.Ulysses B.Finnegan.Wake90.T.th.Lighthouse D.Th.Waves91.________ was written by James Joyce.A.The Portrait of an Artist as a Young ManB.Portrait of a LadyC.The Picture of Dorian GrayD.To the Lighthousewrence’.representativ.wor._______.wa.positivel.take.a..typica.exampl.an.livel.manifestatio.o.th.Oediwrence’.long-rang.stud.o.th.psychologi.theorie.o.Sigmun.Freud.Son.an.Lovers B.Th.Rainbow92. d.Chatterley’.Lover D.Wome.i.Love93.Which of the characters are in the novel Sons and Lovers?93.Mrs.Morel B.Pau.. C.Miriam D.Clara94.Which of the following writers were from Ireland?C.Georg.Bernar.Shaw B.Jonatha.SwiftCI.James Joyce Oscar Wilde94.W.B.Yeats95.Which of the following play(s) was/were NOT written by George Bernard Shaw?C.Mrs.Warren’.Profession B.Widower’.HousesE.Majo.Barbara D.PygmalionF.The Man of Property95.Which of the following plays deals with the story that a linguist trains a flower girl to speak the so-calledhigh-civilised English?C.Majo.Barbara B.Pygmalion96.Mrs.Warren’.Profession D.Ma.an.Superman97.In 1923, ________ was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature.C.Willia.Butle.Yeats B.Samue.Butler97.Thoma.Stearn.Eliot wrence98.William Butler Yeats was _______.98. a.Iris.poe. B..dramatis..C..criti.. D..senato.i.th.Iris.Fre.Stat.i.192199.Thomas Stearns Eliot defined his belief as ________.C.classicis.i.literature B.royalis.i.politics99.Anglo-Catholi.i.religion D.al.o.th.above100.Which of the following statement is NOT true?A.Thomas Stearns Eliot was born in America.B.Thomas Stearns Eliot became a British subject in 1927.C.Thomas Stearns Eliot was educated in Harvard University and Oxford University.D.Thomas Stearns Eliot was a poet, a critic and a playwright.E.Thomas Stearns Eliot was also a great novelist.100.In which poem are the sterility and chaos of the contemporary world after 1st World War expressed?C.Od.t.th.Wes.Wind B.Th.Solitar.ReaperLamia ndKeys:1-5: A, D, D, A, A 6-10: B, B, D, D, ABCD11-15:ABCD, D, D, C, B 16-20: C, ABC, AB, D, ABCD21-25: ABCD, ABCDEFG, B, A, B 26-30: D, D, AD, D, B31-35: D, BC, D, B, ABCDE 36-40: C, ACD, ABD, ACDE, A41-45: D, C, B, B, D 46-50: A, D, BCDE, ABCDEF, D51-55: A, B, ABCD, C, C 56-60: A, ABC, C, C, A61-65: B, ABC, ABCD, A, AB 66-70: ABCDE, ABCD, C, CD, ABCD71-75: ABCD, A, ABCD, ABC, ABCDE76-80: ABCDE, ABCD, AB, ABCED, ABCDE81-85.A.A.AB.B.D 86-90.CD.C.D.ABCD.A91-95: A, ABCE, ABCDE, E, B 96-100: A, ABCD, D, E, D。
高二英语历史理解深度单选题40题
高二英语历史理解深度单选题40题1.The oldest known form of English is called _____.A.Old EnglishB.Middle EnglishC.Early Modern Englishte Modern English答案：A。
Old English 是英语最古老的形式。
Middle English 是中古英语，时间晚于古英语。
Early Modern English 和Late Modern English 分别是早期现代英语和晚期现代英语，时间更晚。
2.In ancient English literature, which work is famous for its epic story?A.BeowulfB.Pride and PrejudiceC.HamletD.The Great Gatsby答案：A。
《贝奥武夫》Beowulf 是古英语文学中的著名史诗作品。
《傲慢与偏见》Pride and Prejudice、《哈姆雷特》Hamlet 和《了不起的盖茨比》The Great Gatsby 都不是古英语时期的作品。
3.The language used in ancient English was mainly influenced by _____.tinB.Germanic languagesC.French答案：B。
古英语主要受日耳曼语系的影响。
拉丁语Latin、法语French 和希腊语Greek 对古英语也有影响，但主要影响来自日耳曼语系。
4.Ancient English had a lot of _____.A.vowelsB.consonantsC.nounsD.inflections答案：D。
古英语有很多屈折变化。
古英语中的元音vowels、辅音consonants 和名词nouns 数量上并不特别突出，而古英语的一个显著特点是有丰富的屈折变化。
五年级英语历史人物故事单选题40题
五年级英语历史人物故事单选题40题1. Who is known as the father of modern science?Answer: Galileo Galilei. Galileo is widely regarded as the father of modern science due to his contributions to astronomy and physics.2. Who was the first emperor of China?Answer: Qin Shi Huang. Qin Shi Huang unified China and became the first emperor.3. Who is famous for painting the Mona Lisa?Answer: Leonardo da Vinci. Leonardo da Vinci is renowned for his masterpiece, the Mona Lisa.4. Who wrote the play Romeo and Juliet?Answer: William Shakespeare. William Shakespeare is one of the most famous playwrights in history, and Romeo and Juliet is one of his most famous works.5. Who is considered the father of democracy?Answer: Cleisthenes. Cleisthenes is often called the father of democracy for his reforms in ancient Athens.6. Who is known as the leader of the Indian independence movement?A. Mahatma Gandhi.B. Nelson Mandela.C. Winston Churchill. Answer: A. Mahatma Gandhi is known as the leader of the Indian independence movement.7. Which historical figure is associated with the American CivilRights Movement? A. Martin Luther King Jr. B. Abraham Lincoln. C. George Washington. Answer: A. Martin Luther King Jr. is associated with the American Civil Rights Movement.8. Who was the first female prime minister of the United Kingdom?A. Margaret Thatcher.B. Angela Merkel.C. Hillary Clinton. Answer: A. Margaret Thatcher was the first female prime minister of the United Kingdom.9. What did Albert Einstein contribute to the world? A. Theory of relativity. B. Invention of the telephone. C. Discovery of penicillin. Answer:A. Albert Einstein contributed the Theory of relativity to the world.10. Who is known as the father of modern computer science? A. Bill Gates. B. Alan Turing. C. Steve Jobs. Answer: B. Alan Turing is known as the father of modern computer science.11. Who is famous for his theory of relativity? A. Isaac Newton. B. Albert Einstein. C. Galileo Galilei. Answer: B. Albert Einstein is famous for his theory of relativity.12. Which scientist discovered gravity? A. Charles Darwin. B. Marie Curie. C. Isaac Newton. Answer: C. Isaac Newton discovered gravity.13. What did Marie Curie discover? A. Radium and polonium. B. Penicillin. C. The structure of DNA. Answer: A. Marie Curie discovered radium and polonium.14. Who is considered the father of modern astronomy? A. NicolausCopernicus. B. Johannes Kepler. C. Tycho Brahe. Answer: A. Nicolaus Copernicus is considered the father of modern astronomy.15. Which scientist is known for his experiments with electricity? A. Benjamin Franklin. B. Thomas Edison. C. Alexander Graham Bell. Answer:A. Benjamin Franklin is known for his experiments with electricity.16. Who is the famous English writer known for writing "Romeo and Juliet"? A. William Shakespeare. B. Charles Dickens. C. Jane Austen. Answer: A. William Shakespeare is known for writing "Romeo and Juliet".17. Which writer wrote "Pride and Prejudice"? A. Charlotte Bronte.B. Emily Bronte.C. Jane Austen. Answer: C. Jane Austen wrote "Pride and Prejudice".18. The author of "Oliver Twist" is _. A. Mark Twain. B. Charles Dickens. C. Leo Tolstoy. Answer: B. Charles Dickens is the author of "Oliver Twist".19. Who wrote "Wuthering Heights"? A. Charlotte Bronte. B. Emily Bronte. C. Anne Bronte. Answer: B. Emily Bronte wrote "Wuthering Heights".20. The famous writer of "Sense and Sensibility" is _. A. Jane Austen.B. George Eliot.C. Virginia Woolf. Answer: A. Jane Austen is the famous writer of "Sense and Sensibility".21. Who is famous for painting the Mona Lisa? A. Leonardo da Vinci.B. Vincent van Gogh.C. Pablo Picasso. Answer: A. Leonardo da Vinci isfamous for painting the Mona Lisa.22. Which artist cut off his own ear? A. Claude Monet. B. Paul Cézanne. C. Vincent van Gogh. Answer: C. Vincent van Gogh cut off his own ear.23. Pablo Picasso is known for which art style? A. Impressionism. B. Cubism. C. Surrealism. Answer: B. Pablo Picasso is known for Cubism.24. Who painted The Starry Night? A. Edvard Munch. B. Salvador Dali. C. Vincent van Gogh. Answer: C. Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night.25. Which artist is associated with water lilies paintings? A. Auguste Renoir. B. Claude Monet. C. Pierre-Auguste Renoir. Answer: B. Claude Monet is associated with water lilies paintings.26. Who is known as the father of the United States? George Washington. Answer: George Washington. He is widely regarded as the father of the United States.27. Which British prime minister is famous for leading the country during World War II? Winston Churchill. Answer: Winston Churchill. He was the prime minister of the UK during World War II.28. Who was the first president of France? Napoleon Bonaparte. Answer: Napoleon Bonaparte was not the first president of France. The first president of France was Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's uncle, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte31. Who is famous for exploring the New World? A. Christopher Columbus. B. Isaac Newton. C. William Shakespeare. Answer: A. Christopher Columbus is famous for exploring the New World.32. Which explorer is known for his voyages around the world? A. Marco Polo. B. Ferdinand Magellan. C. Galileo Galilei. Answer: B. Ferdinand Magellan is known for his voyages around the world.33. What did James Cook discover? A. The North Pole. B. Australia.C. The South Pole. Answer: B. James Cook discovered Australia.34. Who was the first European to reach India by sea? A. Vasco da Gama. B. Charles Darwin. C. Albert Einstein. Answer: A. Vasco da Gamawas the first European to reach India by sea.35. Which explorer is associated with the search for the Northwest Passage? A. Henry Hudson. B. Leonardo da Vinci. C. Michael Jordan. Answer: A. Henry Hudson is associated with the search for the Northwest Passage.36. Who is known as the inventor of the telephone?A. Thomas Edison.B. Alexander Graham Bell.C. Benjamin Franklin.D. Isaac Newton.Answer: B. Alexander Graham Bell is known as the inventor of the telephone.37. What did Thomas Edison invent?A. Computer.B. Television.C. Light bulb.D. Radio.Answer: C. Thomas Edison invented the light bulb.38. Who invented the printing press?A. Johannes Gutenberg.B. Leonardo da Vinci.C. Galileo Galilei.D. Marie Curie.Answer: A. Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press.39. What did Nikola Tesla invent?A. Steam engine.B. Airplane.C. Alternating current.D. Bicycle.Answer: C. Nikola Tesla invented alternating current.40. Who is considered the father of modern computer science?A. Alan Turing.B. Bill Gates.C. Steve Jobs.D. Mark Zuckerberg.Answer: A. Alan Turing is considered the father of modern computer science.。
《口译天下》(20100607)
卷JUAN SHOU YU首语絮语文/昕曌2006年，日本漫画家今市子的作品《百鬼夜行抄》被搬上银幕。
由于制作经费问题，这部12集的连续剧制作粗糙，甚至被观众评为“鬼怪特摄片”。
然而，该剧收视率却高于预期，很大一部分原因竟是因为配乐。
在整体素质不佳、经费紧张的情况下，森英治依然以极严谨的态度为该片量身定做了一套配乐，于是，影片开播后，冲着主题曲而来的观众就比比皆是，反让这部远不如原作的日剧成为当年经典。
写到这里，突然想到台湾作家简贞的一句话：活着就要做到坦胸露背迎接万箭攒心，能举头对苍天一笑的境地，因为美，容不下一点狼狈，不允许掰一块尊严，只为了妥协。
把一部鬼怪特摄片当成自己施展才华的舞台，森英治靠的是自己的执着，执着于自己热爱的事业，不肯动摇，不肯与现实妥协，相比起他来，有多少人该自惭形秽？为自己所爱的事业用尽全力，而不问他人态度，不管环境，不求回报，这样的激情，我们太少太少了。
确实，人生之不如意，十有八九，上至天灾人祸，下至室友不和，人类能找到的理由数也数不清，于是，我们习惯了在底端恨恨地羡慕着登上顶层的人，却忘了，世界往往遵循等价交换原则——人要得到什么，就必须付出同等的代价，尽管“代价”不同，但不可否认，任何走到顶端的人都付出了相应的“过路费”，或是其才智，或是其人脉，或是健康云云。
然而，大多数人却只是单纯地希望每天都能数钱数到手抽筋，单纯地希望自己什么都不付出就能获得理想的生活。
生活毕竟不是童话。
一味希望渴望盼望，奇迹也不一定会出现，自怜自艾教年轻着的男男女女垂垂老去，倒是那些破釜沉舟一心追逐梦想的傻瓜，即使岁月在其容颜上留下了痕迹，却总让人感受他的青春。
或许很多时候，我们缺少的只是勇气罢了。
即使有心寻梦，梦想也不一定能够实现，与其如此，倒不如吃喝玩乐——这或许就是大多数人自甘平凡的缘由。
大多数时候让放弃的理由不是外界压力，而是自己的选择。
编委会成员【主编】Jacky【编辑】Zf200424IriniEvermoreLemon小妞妞Gordoncaoy认真的烧饼希希ROY_HXtiger【封面设计】 lemon目 录一维基百科翻译(3) 二国际时政翻译及点评(15)三经济学家翻译及点评 (20) They might be giants/ irini四名人演讲系列(29) Why we must defend writers/ Margaret Atwood五笔记赏析(31) 六试题库/口译考试辅导资料 (33) 2010年5月人事部三级口译考试试题七诗词翻译(37) Loveliest of Trees/ A. E. 豪斯曼文曹明伦译清溪/王维 文 许渊冲 译八常用笔记符号参考 (39)九关于投稿与广告 (40)如何使用本杂志本杂志的主要用途是口译练习指导以及笔译研究，绝大部分材料可用于口译练习。
21世纪大学英语读写教程第二册相关答案
第一单元UNIT1翻译TEXT A温斯顿？丘吉尔—-他的另一种生活玛丽？索姆斯我的父亲温斯顿？丘吉尔是在40几岁开始迷恋上绘画的，当时他正身处逆境。
1915年,作为海军大臣，他深深地卷入了达达尼尔海峡的一场战役.原本那次战役是能够缩短一场血腥的世界大战的，但它却失败了，人员伤亡惨重，为此丘吉尔作为公务员和个人都付出了代价：他被免去了海军部的职务,失去了显赫的政治地位。
“我本以为他会因忧伤而死的."他的妻子克莱门泰因说.被这一不幸压垮的他同家人一起退隐到萨里郡的一个乡间居处—-—耘锄农场.在那儿，正如丘吉尔日后所回忆的，“绘画女神拯救了我！”一天他正在花园里漫步，正巧碰上他的弟妹在用水彩画素描。
他观看了她几分钟，然后借过她的画笔，试了一下身手-——-于是缪斯女神施展了她的魔法。
自那天以后，温斯顿便爱上了绘画。
任何能让沉浸在忧思中的温斯顿分心的事情都让克莱门泰因高兴.于是，她赶紧去买来她所能找到的各种颜料和画具。
水彩颜料、油画颜料、纸张、帆布画布-—-很快耘锄农场里便堆满了一个绘画者可能想要或需要的各样东西。
画油画最终成了温斯顿的一大爱好-——但是最初几步却出奇地艰难.他凝视着他的第一块空白画布,异乎寻常地紧张。
他日后回忆道：“我迟疑不决地选了一管蓝色颜料，然后小心翼翼地在雪白的底子上的画上蚕豆般大小的一笔。
就在这时，我听到车道上传来一辆汽车的声音，于是惊恐地丢下我的画笔。
当我看清是谁从汽车里走出来时，更是惊慌失措.来者正是住在附近的著名画家约翰?莱佛利爵士的妻子。
“‘在画画呢！’她大声说道。
‘多么有趣。
可你还在等什么呢？把画笔给我-——大的那支。
’她猛地用笔蘸起颜料，还没等我缓过神来，她已经挥笔泼墨在惊恐不已的画布上画下了有力的几道蓝色。
谁都看得出画布无法回击。
我不再迟疑。
我抓起那支最大的画笔，迅猛异常地向我可怜的牺牲品扑了过去.自那以后,我再也不曾害怕过画布。
"后来教丘吉尔画画的莱佛利曾经说起过他这位不同寻常的学生的艺术才能：“如果他当初选择的是绘画而不是政治,他定会成为一位驾驭画笔的大师。
中国文化概览期末题(英文)
文化概略期末考试答疑一、选择题。
Multiple Choice（20%）1. Which was the dynasty that first introduced the imperial examination system for recruiting civil service officials in ancient China?Answer: The Sui Dynasty.2. Of the four religions prevailing in China: Buddhism, Taoism, Islam and Christian ity, which one is the native born?Answer: Taoism3. Chinese people usually worship a number of deities that, they wish, will bring t hem blessings in their daily life. They enshrine and worship various gods in their home to meet their various need, They take such a deity just as an image of power r ather than a genuine religion. For example, they put up an image of the god of home guard on the door wishing to keep the security of the family. When they wish to ge t rich, they usually put up the god of ______in their home?Answer: Cai Shen or the god of wealth.4. What is the name of the god that people in the coastal region of Southeastern Ch ina worship and wish him to keep them safe at sea?A. MazuB. GuanyinC. BuddhaAnswer: A5. Buddhism was first introduced to China in the first century A.D. or so, when Emp eror Mingdi of the Eastern Han Dynasty was in rule. The first Buddhist temple in Ch inese history, built at Luoyang city, Henan Province, is called_______.Answer: Bai Ma Si (The Temple of White Horse)6. The great contemporary painter Qi Baishi was gifted with a fine arts power, being skillful in painting the images of fish, birds, flowers and insects. "The wonder of his works lies in somewhere between resemblance and dissemblance," vividly and l ively. His __________ is widely known in China.A. A cluster of shrimpsB. DonkeyC. Galloping HorsesAnswer: A7. True or False? Is Jasmine (茉莉花) a folk song of Jiangsu Province?Answer: True.8. Which minority ethnic group's dwelling community is called the hometown of peaco cks?A. Tujia nationalityB. Dai nationalityC. Hui nationalityD. Shui nationalityAnswer: B.9. What is the name of the mountain where the largest Chinese Taoist architectural complex is located?Answer: Wudang Mountain.29. According to wedding customs in ancient China, a bride was carried to a bridegroom's home by__________?A. Bridal sedan-chairB. a horseC. a carAnswer: Bridal sedan-chair.10. Of all the traditional Chinese festivals, which one is set to mark the famous p oet Quyuan?A. Dragon-boat FestivalB. Qingming FestivalC. Festival of the 8th of the lunar December.Answer: A. Dragon-boat Festival.11. Choose: "布衣" refers to:A. Ordinary peopleB. OfficialsC. SoldiersAnswer: An ordinary people12. The logo adopted for Olympic games in 2008 is a "Chinese seal". When were seals commonly used in China?A. Zhou DynastyB. Han DynastyC. Tang DynastyAnswer: A13. The Qin Dynasty first introduced the official system of using seals or stamps: The personal seal of the emperor was called imperial seal, the counselor-in-chief u sed gold seal, and various officials of the court used gold, silver or bronze seals according to their different ranks. Later, following dynasties in Chinese history generally inherited the same system. What kind of material was the imperial seal ma de of?A.GoldB. Jade.C. BronzeD. SilverAnswer: B14. Which of the following products were traditional exported ones in ancient China?A. GlassB.SilkC.PorcelainD.SugarAnswer: B, C.15. Shen Kuo of the Northern Song Dynasty wrote a world famous scientific work, whi ch gave a detailed description of the movable-type printing, in addition to the int roduction to the assembling of a compass. What work is it?Answer: Sketchbook of Dream Brook (梦溪笔谈)16.Exchanges between China and other countries and regions in ancient times had las ted for a long time, and during this long process of exchange China had learned var ious technologies from other countries. Which of the following technologies was int roduced to China from other countries?A. Glassmaking technologyB. Raising silkwormC. Wine brewing D Papermaking.Answer:A.17. Which of the following fruits does not originate from China?A. Peach.B.apricotC. water melonD.appleAnswer: C, D.18. Which of the following vegetables are introduced from other countries?A.PotatoB.Chinese cabbageC.sweet potatoD. tomatoAnswer: A. C. D.19. "Nostalgia seems to be a shallow channel; I am on this side, and the mainland o n the other." Who is the famous poet of Taiwan?Answer: Yu Guangzhong.20. What is the name of the archetypal Neolithic cultural site discovered in the su burbs of Xi'an in Shaanxi Province?Answer: The Banpo Cultural site.21. In China's mythology, who was the hero to separate heaven from earth?Answer: Pan Gu.22. In China's mythology, who created human beings?Answer: Nvwa.23. In China's historical legends, who was the first of the "Five Emperors"?Answer: Huangdi ( and the others were Zhuanxu, Diku, Yao, Shun).24. In China's historical legends, who was the first to teach people to fish and ra ise livestock?Answer: Fu Xi.25. In China's historical legends, who was the first to teach people farming and to taste and experiment with various types of herbal medicines?Answer: Yandi.26. Which two antiquate cities of China have been listed as "World Cultural Heritage Sites"?Answer: Lijiang in Yunnan, and Pingyao in Shanxi. (Picture: Lijiang and Pingyao)27. The main architectural structure in ancient China was ________________.A. A wooden frameworkB. A stone frameworkAnswer: A.28. One of the characteristics of China's antiquate architecture is _________.A. The distinguished difference of ranks in societyB. No differenceAnswer: A29. The Grand Canal was first opened during the ______ Dynasty.Answer: Sui.30. Which province has the largest number of minority ethnic group in China?A. GuangzhouB. ShaanxiC. SichuanD.YunnanAnswer: D.31. The smallest ethnic group in China has only a population of about 2300. What is this minority ethnic group called ?A. ShuiB. DerungC. LhobaD. PrimiAnswer: C.32. The first Chinese edition of The Bible was published in Malacca in 1823. The tr anslator of this edition was a famous British missionary. What is his name?Answer: Robert Morrison.33. The Indian Monk Bodhidharma came to China and in a temple he had kept still in meditation facing the wall for ten years, thus creating the Chinese Buddhist school "Chan or Zen Buddhism. What is the name of the temple?Answer: Henan's Shaolin Temple.二、判断题。
全国用高考英语大一轮复习Unit2Poems教师用书新人教版选修6
全国用高考英语大一轮复习Unit2Poems教师用书新人教版选修6话题词汇1．poetry n．诗歌2．poet n．诗人3．rhyme n．韵脚；押韵4．transform v．转化；改造5．appropriate adj.适当的；正当的6．be popular with受……欢迎7．take one’s advice接受某人的建议8．be made up of由……构成9．give sb.a deep impression给某人一个深刻的印象10．translate...into...把……翻译成……话题佳作Wendy是你的美国笔友，非常喜欢中国文化，故给你(张伟)写信想了解唐诗。
请你根据下列要点提示给她写一封回信，对唐诗加以介绍。
1．形式多样：有古体诗和近体诗。
就字数来看基本上有五言和七言两种；2．题材广泛：反映社会状况，描绘祖国风景等；3．著名诗人：……佳作欣赏DearWendy，I’msogladtoreceiveyourletter，in which you asked me about the Tang poems，and I just have learnt something about them.The Tang poems are various in forms and subjects.Generally speaking，they are divided into classical poems and modern poems.There are often four or eight or twelve lines with five or seven words in each line.Poets wrote poems for different purposes，for example，exposing the darkness of the society and describing the beautiful scenes.There were many famous poets during the Tang Dynasty，such as Li Bai，Du Fu.Afteryou read their poems，you will have a better understanding.Yourssincerely，ZhangWei 名师点睛本文要点齐全，条理清楚，增加的细节恰到好处。
英国文学练习题II
英国文学练习题（第二册）Exercise 1I. Fill in the blanks1.The Romantic Age began in 1798 when William Wordsworth and Samuel TaylorColeridge published their joint work _________.2.The Romantic Age came to an end in 1832 when the last Romantic writer____died.3.Women as ________ appeared in the romantic age. It was during this period thatwomen took, for the first time, an important place in English literature.4.The greatest historical novelist ______ was produced in the Romantic Age.5.The English Romantic period produced two major novelists: _____ and _______.6.______ is regarded as the best essayist during the Romantic Age.7.At the turn of the 18th and 19th century _______ appeared in England as a newtrend in literature.8.Wordsworth’s poetry is distinguished by the ________ of his language.9.After his second book Endymion appeared in 18181, _____ gave up medicine forpoetry.10._____’s grave bears the epitaph: “Here lies one whose name is writ in water.”11.The first poem in the collection The Lyrical Ballads is __________’s masterpieceThe Rime of the Ancient Mariner.12.On the death of Robert Southey in 1843, __________ was made poet laureate.13.George Gordon Byron’s masterpiece is _____________.14.___________ was expelled after only six months at Oxford, because he hadwritten the pamphlet The Necessity of Atheism.15.Ode to a Nightingale was written by __________.16.Ivanhoe is the masterpiece of the historical novelist _________.17._________ has been universally regarded as the founder and great master of thehistorical novel.18.The publication of _____________ marked the beginning of Romantic Age.19.The Active Romantic poets include __________________________.20.The Lake Poets include ______________________________________.II. Error Correction.1.The Romantic Age began in 1798 when William Wordsworth and Samuel TaylorColeridge published their joint work Kubla Khan.2.The Romantic Age came to an end in 1832 when the last romantic writer JaneAusten died.3.The publication of The Lyrical Ballads marked the beginning of the Age ofReason.4.The Romantic Age is emphatically an age of novel. Many young enthusiasticwriters turned to poetry.5.The glory of the Romantic Age lies in the prose of William Wordsworth, SamuelTaylor Coleridge, George Gordon Byron, Percy Bysshe Shelley and John Keats.6.Women as poets appeared in the Romantic Age, such as Jane Austen.7.Romantic novel of the Romantic Age was represented by Charles Lamb, WilliamHazlitt, Thomas de Quincey and Hume.8.Lines Composed a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey was written by Samuel TaylorColeridge.9.The first poem in The Lyrical Ballads is William Wordsworth’s masterpiece TheRime of Ancient Mariner.Answer the following questions:1. What are William Wordsworth’s principles of poetry?2. Why does William M. Thackeray give his novel the title Vanity Fair and thesubtitle A Novel without a Hero?3. Please make a comment on Austen’s writing features.5. Please make a comment on the two female characters of Vanity Fair.6. How do you understand the ending of Shelly’s Ode to the West Wind, “If Wintercomes, can spring be far behind?”7. How do you understand the ending of Keats’Ode on a Grecian Urn,“Beauty istruth, truth beauty,” that is all, Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know.”8. What are the main features of Dickens’ novels?9. What are the characteristics of Romanticism?10. What is the narrowness of Jane Austen’s novels?TermsOde Dramatic Monologue Romanticism Byronic Hero Modernism Oedipus complex Stream-of-consciousness techniqueArt for Art’s SakeIdentify the author and work of the lines, and answer the questions.1.A violet by a mossy stoneHalf hidden from the eye!Fair as a star, when only oneIs shining in the sky.1). Author_______ work _________2) What are the two images in these lines to describe the girl? What do they imply about Lucy’s quality?2.I wandered lonely as a cloudThat floats on high o’er vales and hills,When all at once i saw a crowd,A host, of golden daffodils;Beside the lake, beneath the trees,Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.1). Author _______ Work _________2) What kinds of figure of speech are used in the stanza?3)What kind of emotion is revealed in this poem? What kinds of devices does the poet use to achieve this?3.For oft, when on my couch i lieIn vacant or in pensive mood,They flash upon that inward eyeWhich is the bliss of solitude;And then my heart with pleasure fills,And dances with the daffodils.1)Author __________ Work _________2)Please paraphrase this stanza in your own words.3)What is revealed from these lines about the poet’s theory about poetry?4 The music in my heart i bore,Long after it was heard no more.1)Author _______ Work ________2)What does the poet focus on in the final two lines of the poem.5.In secret we met ----In silence i grieve,That thy heart could forget,Thy spirit deceive.If i should meet theeAfter long years,How should i greet thee?With silence and tears.1)Author_________ Work __________2)Translate this stanza into Chinese.6.The smiles that win, the tints that glow,But tell of days in goodness spent,A mind at peace with all below,A heart whose love is innocent!1)Author _______ Work _______2)What is the implied meaning of the last two lines?7.Wild Spirit, Which art moving everywhere;Destroyer and Preserver; hear, O hear!1)Author _______ Work ________2)What art the two characteristics of the west wind and why?8.Oh! Lift me as a wave, a leaf, a cloud!I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!1) Author ________ Work _________2)What does the poet refer to in the second line?9.The trumpet of a prophecy! O Wind,If Winder comes, can Spring be far behind?1)Author ________ Work _________2)How do you understand the ending of the poem?。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Reference: Libet, B., Wright, E. W., Feinstein, B. & Pearl, D. K. (1979). Brain 102, 193
© Matthias Rauterberg, 2006
11/42
Unconscious: the ‘iceberg’ metaphor for mind and body
e.g. massive multi-user games, etc e.g. interactive experiences, etc
D. Bernard (1979) Management Issues in Cooperative Computing
© Matthias his picture of Jesus blasphemy?
link to video clip
© Matthias Rauterberg, 2006 6/42
Question: What does that mean, or what can we do with this for entertainment computing?
© Matthias Rauterberg, 2006 13/42
How voluntary action are initiated:
Ben Salem
© Matthias Rauterberg, 2006
14/42
© Matthias Rauterberg, 2006
12/42
Our brain We could not work without our brain. It is responsible for everything we do - waking in the morning, remembering who I am and where I live and feelings of love, happiness or sadness. Using emotions We use our emotions to help manage and plan our life. This part of decision-making is called a 'gut instinct' or 'intuition'. People with damage to the front of the brain sometimes lose both their powers of reasoning and their emotions - showing that the two are closely linked.
© Matthias Rauterberg, 2006
8/42
Implicit Dogmas are protected by Taboos
taboo 2 taboo 1
dogma
taboo 5 taboo 4
taboo 3
© Matthias Rauterberg, 2006
9/42
First Dogma Attack: discovery of the hidden part of mind
In 1932 the discoveries of Sigmund Freud about the unconscious in particular were revolutionary. His treatment of neuroses allowed inspection of a “hidden” part of the mind. Freud divided the mind into two parts: the preconscious (ideas and memories capable of becoming conscious), and the unconscious (desires, impulses, and wishes of a mostly sexual and sometimes destructive nature). All human thought is partly a conflict between the preconscious and unconscious, and partly a compromise to pursue pleasure whilst avoiding danger and dealing with the realities of life.
link to video clip
© Matthias Rauterberg, 2006 5/42
Question: Why was Aristotle a thread for the church? Answer: the 2nd book of poetics was dedicated to comedy
Aristotle (384-322 BC)
Enjoyment is grounded in Play
Play: not paid enjoyable process oriented internalized empowering Work: paid exhausting product oriented externalized alienating
Warning: Attacking a dogma can be dangerous! Advice: Be careful!
© Matthias Rauterberg, 2006
7/42
Two Types of Dogmas
Explicit Dogma: An explicit dogma is part of the common sense knowledge and accepted by almost everyone. Although insufficiently justified it is ‘obvious’ to everyone that the content of this dogma must be true. A special protection of this kind of dogmas is not necessary. How to identify an explicit dogma? Pick an interesting topic and ask other people why they think this topic is correct; and continue asking why, why, why until no answer can be provided. If you are still unsatisfied, then this is a possible candidate for an explicit dogma. Implicit Dogma: An implicit dogma is part of the common sense knowledge but unconscious to almost everyone. Although insufficiently justified it is hidden to almost everyone based on a protection via taboos. How to identify an implicit dogma? This is very difficult because you have to overcome the protection zone of taboos. Try an interesting topic via introspection which makes you nervous or even afraid. Try to go beyond your own boundaries! Be careful!
Emotional Challenges for the Future of Interactive Experience
Matthias Rauterberg Eindhoven University of Technology The Netherlands
© Matthias Rauterberg, 2006
unconscious decision making conscious decision making
mapping
Emotions are the messages from the supra-rational unconscious to the limited rational conscious!
1/42
Interaction Paradigms in Computing
Cultural computing
Unconscious-interaction
Social computing
Community-mediated-interaction
Cooperative computing
Computer-mediated-interaction
(1856-1939)
© Matthias Rauterberg, 2006
10/42
Second Dogma Attack: humans’ free will probably does not exists
Most notably, the experiments of Benjamin Libet in 1979 reveal a substantial delay--the "mind time"--before any awareness affects how we view our mental activities. If all conscious awarenesses are preceded by unconscious processes, as Libet observes, we are forced to conclude that unconscious processes initiate our conscious experiences. Freely voluntary acts are found to be initiated unconsciously before an awareness of wanting to act--a discovery with profound ramifications for our understanding of free will.