食品安全研究进展-精选文档

• Therefore, the control and prevention of E. coli O157:H7 in food products is an area that is receiving worldwide attention. • Chemical preservatives have been used for years, later considered to be unhealthy. • Therefore, natural antimicrobials demand has been increased. • Natural antimicrobials can be found in a variety of plants including herbs, spices, fruits, vegetables, and tropical plants. • Food industries are very motivated to replace chemical preservatives with natural antimicrobials.
Abstract
目录
1. 2. Introduction Materials and Methods
3.
4.
Results
Discussion
Introduction
1
引言
仙人掌果(Opuntia matudae )为仙人掌属（Opuntia）植物的果实，果肉含 有丰富的微量元素、蛋白质、氨基酸、维生素、多糖类、黄酮类和果胶等。 《中药大辞典》记载，仙人掌果具有行气活血、祛湿退热、生肌等作用；印第 安人和墨西哥人将其作为食物和药物使用也有几千年的历史。
Antimicrobial Activity of Xoconostle Pears (Opuntia matudae) against Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Laboratory Medium
Байду номын сангаас
实验室测定仙人掌果对大肠埃希菌 O157:H7抗菌活性的研究
The objective of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of xoconostle pears (Opuntia matudae) against Escherichia coli O157:H7. Direct extract of xoconostle pears was tested against four strains of E. coli O157:H7 in brain heart infusion (BHI:脑心浸出液肉汤). The direct extract had a significant (P< 0.05) inhibitory effect at 4, 6, and 8% (v/v) concentrations and complete inhibitory effect at 10% (v/v) during 8 h of incubation at 37◦C. Minimum inhibitory volume (MIV) was 400 µ LmL−1(v/v) and minimum lethal volume (MLV) was 650 µ LmL−1(v/v). The inhibitory effect of found to be concentration dependent and not strain dependent. Thus, xoconostle pears extract has the potential to inhibit the growth of E. coli O157:H7 and could provide a natural means of controlling pathogenic contamination, thereby mitigating food safety risks.
大肠埃希菌
Escherichia coli O157:H7
病原群
肠产毒素型 毒素型致病菌 肠致病型 血性腹泻 肠侵袭型 出血性肠炎 肠出血型 溶血性尿毒综合症
肠聚集型
Escherichia coli O157:H7
• 大肠埃希菌的抗原结构较复杂，包括菌体O抗原、鞭毛H抗原及 被膜K抗原。0抗原超过170种，是血清学分型的基础，H抗原 超过56种，K抗原在100种以上。根据耐热性不同，K抗原又分 L、A、B3类，致病性大肠埃希菌的K抗原主要为B类。一个菌 株中，一般只含一个类别的K抗原。表示大肠埃希氏菌血清型 的方式是按0：K：H排列，易引起食物中毒的致病性大肠埃希 菌的血清型有0157：H7、0111：B4、055：B5、026：B6和 0124：B17等。
• Foodborne pathogens ( 食 源 性 致 病 菌 )are major concern to consumers, food, industry, and food regulatory agencies. • The yearly cost of foodborne illnesses in the United States as reported in 2019 was about $152 billion including $993 million caused by Escherichia coli O157:H7 in healthcare. • E. coli O157:H7 is one of the most important foodborne pathogens in the United States, having been first identified in 1982. • From 1982 to 2019, E. coli O157:H7 caused 73,000 illnesses annually in the United States including 8,598 infection cases and 40 deaths.