tem8-98
英语词汇量测试量表
【英语词汇量测试量表】本表是英语能力测评体系的一部分,用来测试学生的词汇量。
词汇量测试共100道题,分为6个级别词汇量的计算方法:Level 1答对的题目数×180 + Level 2答对的题目数×280 + Level 3答对的题目数×073 + Level 4答对的题目数×170 + Level 5答对的题目数×192 + Level 6答对的题目数×192=?(注:为了确保测试结果真实对得起自己凡是不确定的词汇请选择E选项凭猜测的正确答案与真是词汇量无关系)Level 11.sure A.治疗B.确信的C.纯粹的D.诱惑力E.不认识2.feather A.两者都不B.天气C.皮革D.羽毛E.不认识3.poor A.贫穷的B.门C.地板D.粗野的人E.不认识4.housework A.建房B.工地C.家务活D.家庭作业E.不认识5.bread A.面包B.面条C.水果D.甜点E.不认识6.sugar A.糖B.醋C.雪茄烟D.饥饿E.不认识7.onto A.到…之上B.到…里C.此外D.依然E.不认识8.manager A.饲料槽B.乘客C.邮递员D.负责人E.不认识9.unit A.点B.直到…才C.单位D.套装E.不认识10.ignore A.打鼾B.忽视C.点燃D.可耻的E.不认识Level 211.financial A.最终的B.财政的C.结束D.有限的E.不认识12.immigrant A.移民B.流动的C.不流动的D.留鸟E.不认识13.roller A.酿酒厂B.角色C.冷却器D.压路机E.不认识14.ambition A.环境B.救护车C.雄心D.歧义的E.不认识15.hydrogen A.氦B.氧C.氢D.氯E.不认识16.pine A.松树B.葡萄酒C.矿坑D.进餐E.不认识17.surplus A.此外B.超级的C.惊喜的D.剩余E.不认识18.fireman A.失业者B.消防员C.狙击手D.纵火犯E.不认识19.outset A.摆放B.外接装置C.开始D.安置E.不认识20.confusion A.迷惑B.传播C.灌输D.大量E.不认识Level 321.reliance A.义务B.信赖C.宽慰D.遗迹E.不认识22.collide A.碰撞B.巧合C.滑行D.滑翔E.不认识23.sniff A.僵直的B.东西C.全体员工D.嗅…味道E.不认识24.shaft A.工艺B.草稿C.箭杆D.气味E.不认识25.cordial A.走廊B.珊瑚C.心脏的D.真挚的E.不认识26.foul A.灵魂B.污秽的C.折叠D.高尚的E.不认识27.idiot A.笨蛋B.习语C.闲混D.偶像E.不认识28.inertia A.内部的B.无活力C.妨碍D.间隔E.不认识29.stall A.安装B.闲逛C.凳子D.畜栏E.不认识30.prone A.有倾向的B.促进C.宣布D.敏捷的E.不认识31.shabby A.阴暗的B.松弛的C.褴褛的D.贪婪的E.不认识32.exotic A.异国风味的B.色情的C.神经病的D.外因的 E.不认识33.cumulative A.刺激性B.同化C.清晰的D.累积的E.不认识34.corpse A.庄稼B.汇编C.尸体D.兵团E.不认识35.bishop A.平台B.主教C.鱼竿D.商店E.不认识Level 436.explicit A.剥削的B.驱逐的C.明确的D.附加的E.不认识37.dynamite A.动力的B.炸药C.氢弹D.王朝E.不认识38.idealist A.理想主义者B.现实主义者C.唯物论者D.虚无主义者E.不认识39.benevolent A.青少年B.低下的C.无知的D.慈善的E.不认识40.downfall A.落后B.垮台C.谷底D.市中心E.不认识41.extinct A.卓越的B.不同的C.明显的D.灭绝的E.不认识42.reptile A.两栖动物B.爬行动物C.哺乳动物D.脊椎动物E.不认识43.canteen A.食堂B.瓦罐C.糖果D.腌制E.不认识44.hiker A.劫机犯B.绑架者C.徒步旅行者D.登山者E.不认识45.fragile A.易碎的B.易怒的C.坦诚的D.狂乱的E.不认识46.indefensible A.固若金汤的B.不可原谅的C.攻无不克的 D.胸怀坦荡的E.不认识47.lime A.石灰B.四肢C.羔羊D.羊肉E.不认识48.adventurous A.广告的B.新兴的C.喜欢冒险的D.原创的E.不认识49.drumstick A.鼓槌 B.指挥棒 C.支架 D.杠杆 E.不认识50.sway A.席卷B.摇晃C.膨胀D.打旋E.不认识51.respectful A.受人尊敬的B.表示尊敬的C.各自的D.回顾的E.不认识52.alphabetical A.按年代顺序B.断代的C.逆序的D.按字母顺序 E.不认识53.scalar A.标量B.矢量C.位图D.矢量图E.不认识54.ruthless A.违法的B.残忍的C.虚幻的D.混乱的E.不认识55.paraphrase A.释义B.比较C.空头D.跳伞E.不认识Level 556.ballast A.爆炸B.虚夸C.导火索D.压舱物E.不认识57.corroborate A.搭配B.合作C.证实D.详细说明E.不认识58.scatterbrain A.失忆的人B.脑残的人C.脑力激荡D.注意力不集中的人 E.不认识59.halter A.缰绳B.制动装置C.离合器D.马蹄铁E.不认识60.heinous A.不合理的 B.令人发指的 C.可笑的 D.荒谬的E.不认识61.rearmament A.援军B.解除武装C.重置装备D.后备力量E.不认识62.trek A.艰辛的路程B.轨道C.踪迹D.路线E.不认识63.rasp A.竖琴B.匆忙C.粗锉刀D.皮疹E.不认识64.barrister A.律师B.障碍C.美发师D.炮药桶E.不认识65.testator A.测试人员B.见证人C.品酒师D.立遗嘱的人 E.不认识66.sappendicitis A.糖尿病B.阑尾炎C.附录D.肺炎E.不认识67.quixotic A.顽固的B.不实际的C.愚忠的D.势利的E.不认识68.maniac A.疯狂的B.冷静的C.残忍的D.忧郁的E.不认识69.transposition A.运输B.位置互换C.传播D.传染E.不认识70.stamina A.疯狂B.绝望C.苦难D.耐力E.不认识71.woe A.誓言B.悲哀C.愤怒D.哭泣E.不认识72.prod A.调查B.序言C.有倾向的D.戳、刺E.不认识73.arrears A.贫欠款B.后方C.空地D.面积E.不认识74.forefront A.最前方B.额头C.前足D.前景E.不认识75.malign A.雄性的B.高大的C.有害的D.无知的E.不认识Level 6 76.tauten A.淘气B.拉紧C.唆使D.奚落E.不认识77.athletics A.抽象艺术B.神学C.美学D.体育运动E.不认识78.volubility A.自愿B.环绕C.喋喋不休D.旋转E.不认识79.fosse A.苔藓B.护城河C.浮渣D.总的E.不认识80.decorticate A.装饰B.煎药C.漂泊D.剥皮E.不认识81.permissive A.纵容的 B.迷失的 C.思念的 D.长久的E.不认识82.crochet A.蟋蟀 B.蚂蚱 C.钩针编制 D.螳螂 E.不认识83.purblind A.漩涡的B.愚钝的C.流动的D.默默的E.不认识84.remonstrance A.抗议B.回忆C.传奇D.汇款E.不认识85.decrepit A.堕落的B.收到C.欺骗D.破旧的E.不认识86.outmaneuver A.失控B.以计谋胜过C.操作失误D.退出E.不认识87.tepefy A.使微热B.为…典型C.磁化D.使钝化E.不认识88.apocrypha A.佛典B.箴言C.伪经D.咒语E.不认识89.ringlet A.耳环B.卷发C.耳坠D.耳垂儿E.不认识90.disinclined A.不屈的 B.执着的 C.虚伪的 D.不情愿的 E.不认识hermost A.恒温的B.最下面的C.热固性D.冷血的 E.不认识92.sibilant A.姐妹的B.四肢的C.齐名的D.发滋滋声的E.不认识93.sheathe A.讲…差入鞘 B.犀牛皮 C.坚固的 D.坏死的 E.不认识94.eugenic A.优生的B.遗传的C.引起过敏的D.卤素的E.不认识95.lien A.外星的B.扣押权C.亚麻布D.逗留E.不认识96.invective A.无礼B.忤逆C.刺激D.咒骂E.不认识97.liberated A.手工的B.危险的C.放纵的D.上方的E.不认识98.precipitation A.沉淀物B.预期C.预防D.占据E.不认识99.innovation A.原始的 B.主动的 C.革新的 D.刺激性的 E.不认识100.wrack A.残骸B.没用的人C.愤怒的D.海藻E.不认识答案Keys:001—010 B D A C A A A D C B011—020 B A D C C A D B C A021—030 B A D C D B A B D A031—040 C A D C B C B A D B041—050 D B A C A B A C A B051—060 B D A A A D C D A B061—070 C A C A D B B A B D071—080 B D A A C B D C B D081—090 A C B A D B A C B D091—100 B D A A B D C A C D【您的真是词汇量就在这个测试结果上下200—300左右浮动当发现英语专业的学生词汇量逊色于某些非英语专业的学生时,无需惊讶……】常见考试的词汇要求(仅供参考):中考1500—1600高考3000—3500CET4 4000—4500CET6/考研5500—6000TEM4 6000—7000SAT 10000+TEM8 10000—12000GMAT 12000+IELTS/TOFEL 8000—15000+GRE 20000+1-10 b d a c a a a d b e 8*180=1440 11-20 b, a, d, c, b, a, d, b, b, a, 8*280=2240 21_30 b, e, e, e, a, e, a, e, e, e, 3*73=279 31-40 e, b, d, e, e, e, b, e, e, b,41-50 e, a, a, c, e, a, a, a, e, e 6*170=1020 51-60 a, a, e, e, a, e, e, e, e, c,61-70 e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e,71-80 e, a, e, e, d, e, e, e, e, e,evel 6 e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e,。
长沙理工大学科技处制二○○ 五年十一月
-科技成果统计说明1.“统计表”的上报时间为2005年12月16日前,过期一律不予受理。
请交磁盘(word电子文档)和打印的纸质报表各一份。
2.请各院系科研干事、机关各处室及教辅单位兼职统计员按“统计表”的格式与内容填写和打印并交各部门负责人签字后报科技处(请交:办公楼907#谢树芳或刘志坚老师,电话2617208、5219443)。
3.业务户口在院系的请在各院系统计,业务户口在机关的请在机关各部门统计。
4.为了统计方便,表格中带※号的一定要按表后附注栏里拟定好的代码或编号填写。
5.科研干事必须对各类论文进行认真校对后才能上报。
统计源以上期刊发表的论文,即《新华文摘》和“人大复印资料”全文转载的学术论文、一级学术期刊论文(以学校公布为准)、境外外文学术期刊论文、国际会议论文、一般核心期刊论文、国内一级学会举办的年会收集论文、统计源期刊上发表的论文均请交论文复印件(含封面、目录、正文的第一页、封底),且均需科研干事认真校核后签字并加盖单位公章。
6.一级学术期刊、中文核心期刊(2004年版)、国内一级学会目录、统计源期刊均已公布在科技处网页上,请以此为标准认真核对。
7.论文均不包括增刊,会议论文一般应公开出版。
研究生在读期间与导师合作撰写的论文,不论导师排名先后,均计为导师的成果;我校在读博士生、硕士生以攻读学位的单位为第一署名单位、我校为第二署名单位且以第一作者发表的学术论文,其奖励与工作量计算按相应标准的一半发放。
除上述两种情况外,第一作者必须是我校人员、且第一署名单位必须是长沙理工大学的学术论文学校才给予奖励及计算科研工作量。
8.专著(以校学术委员会认定为准)、专业技术书籍均交原著一部(学校保存、不退回本人)。
(教材只做统计,奖励归其它部门负责)9.本年度统计时段为2004年12月10日---2005年12月10日,凡在此时段内完成的成果,如果此次漏报或未报的,以后不再计算科研工作量,也不计奖励。
各类奖项英文表格达
一、国家及校级奖项、称呼〔1〕奖学金国家奖学金National Scholarship国家励志奖学金National Encouragement scholarship三勤学生标兵Pacemaker to Merit Student三勤学生Merit Student学习优异生Model Student of Academic Records校一等奖: The First Prize Scholarship校二等奖: The Second Prize Scholarship校三等奖: The Third Prize Scholarship单项奖学金: Individual Scholarship〔2〕荣誉称呼突出才能奖Model Student of Outstanding Capacity优异工作者Excellent staff优异学生干部Excellent Student Cadre优异共青团员Excellent League Member优异毕业生Outstanding Graduates优异志愿者Outstanding Volunteer先进班集体Advanced Class优异团干Outstanding League Cadres学生协会优异干部Outstanding cadres of Student Association〔3〕先进个人先进个人Advanced Individual/Outstanding Student学生协会工作优异个人 Outstanding Individual of Student Association精神文明先进个人 Spiritual Advanced Individual社会工作先进个人Advanced Individual of Social Work文体活动先进个人Advanced Individual of Cultural and sports activities(4〕奖项类道德民风奖 Ethic Award精神文明奖High Morality Prize最正确组织奖Prize for The Best Organization突出奉献奖Prize for The Outstanding Contribution工作创新奖Prize for The Creative Working团队建设奖Prize for The Team Contribution二、各系比赛与奖项〔1〕文史类话剧比赛Drama competition英语演讲比赛English Speech Contest诗歌朗读比赛Poetry Recitation Contest诗歌创作比赛Poetry Creation Contest党团知识比赛 Knowledge Contest on the Party and the League 模拟法庭 Moot Court演讲比赛Speech Competition征文比赛Essay Competition知识风范比赛Knowledge Competition相声小品大赛Crosstalk and Sketch Contest〔2〕工科类全国建模比赛National Mathematical Modeling Contest电子设计大赛Electronic Design Contest网页设计大赛Web Page Design Competition软件设计大赛Software Design Competition实验技术操作大赛Experiment Skill and Operation Contest广东大学生生物化学实验技术大赛The Biochemical Experiments Contest for College Student in Guangdong建筑设计比赛Architectural Design Competition广东省高校化学化工实验技能大赛 Chemistry and Chemical Experiment Skills Competition for Colleges in Guangdong工程丈量比赛Engineering Survey Competition毕业设计大赛Graduation Design Competition发布论文Publications专利证书Patent省大学生科技比赛Science and Technology Contest for Province College Students建筑文化节Architectural Culture Festival学生科研创新奖Student Award for Research and Innovation〔3〕生活类创业大赛Venture ContestPPT设计大赛Courseware Design Competition拍照大赛Photography Competition文明宿舍Outstanding Dormitory多媒体课件设计大赛Multimedia Courseware Design Competition服饰创意设计大赛Garment Design Competition礼仪风范大赛Manner and Etiquette Contest〔4〕体育类友情篮球赛Friendship Cup Basketball Match班际足球赛Inter-class Football Match体育文化节Physical Culture Festival三、证书〔1〕英语类大学英语四级CET4 (College English Test Band 4 Certificate)大学英语六级CET6 (College English Test Band 6 Certificate)英语专业四级TEM4 (Test for English Major Grade 4 Certificate)英语专业八级TEM8 (Test for English Major Grade 8 Certificate)商务英语证书Business English Certificate〕雅思 IELTS (International English Language Testing System)托福 TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language)BEC初级BEC中级BEC高级(BEC Preliminary Level,缩略为BEC Pre.) (BEC Vantage Level,缩略为BEC Van.) (BEC Higher Level,缩略为BEC Hi.)〔2〕其余语言一般话等级考试National Mandarin Test (Level 1, 2, 3; Grade A,B,C)日语能力考试Japanese Language Proficiency Test (Level 1,2,3,4)商务日语能力考试Business Japanese Proficiency Test〔3〕计算机类全国计算机一级证书First-level Certificate for National Computer全国计算机二级证书 Second-level Certificate for National Computer全国计算机三级证书 Third-level Certificate for National Computer 全国计算机四级证书 Fourth-level Certificate for National Computer〔4〕金融类会计证 Accounting Certificate会计从业资格证书: Certificate of Accounting Professional初级职务〔助理睬计〕证书 Sub-accountant Certificate Preliminary Level 中级职称 Intermediate Certificate管理睬计师证书: Certificate in Management Accounting注册会计师证书 : (CPA Certificate)Certificate of Certified Public Accountant注册金融剖析师:〔 CFA〕 Chartered Financial Analyst特许公认会计师: 〔 ACCA〕 The Association of Chartered Accountants〔5〕资格证书类导游证 Guide ID Card (Guide Identity of Identification Card)导游资格证书Guide Certificate秘书证 Secretary Card中级涉外秘书证Intermediate Foreign Secretary CardCAD工程师认证证书CAD Engineer Certification电工证 Electrician certificate技工证书Technician Certificate教师资格证Teacher Certification心理指导教师资格证书 Psychological Counseling Teacher Certificate报关员资格证书 Clerk for the Customs Declaration报关员证书Customs Declaration Certificate人力资源从业资格证书 Qualification of Human Resources Practitioners驾驶证 Driver ’ s License法律类国家司法考试证书 National Judicial Examination certificate 〔 lawyer ’s qualification certificate 〕律师资格证书Attorney’ s certificate公司法律顾问执业资格证书 Enterprise Counsel Qualification Certificate 法律顾问 Legal Adviser律师助理证Assistant Lawyer Certificate金融类会计从业资格证Certificate of Accounting Professional初级会计职称Junior Level Accountant中级会计职称Medium Level Accountant高级职称Advanced Level Accountant注册会计师Certified Public Accountant (CPC〕注册税务师Certified Tax Agents(CTA )经济师 Economist精算师 Actuary审计师 Auditor统计师 Actuary商务类物流师职业资格证书 Certificate of International Logistics Specialist国际物流师 Certified International Logistics Specialist (CILS)国际电子商务师职业资格认证Certification of International E-Commerce Specialist国际电子商务师Certified International E-Commerce Specialist〔 CIECS〕市场营销师 Marketing Manager特许市场营销师 Certified Marketing Manager (CMM)初级营销职业证书 Introductory Certificate in Marketing市场营销职业证书Certificate in Marketing国际商务谈判师 Certificated International Professional Negotiator ( CIPN)投资咨询师 Investment Counselor人力资源管理 Human Resource Management ( HRM )中国职业经理人资格认证 Certificate of Chinese Professional Manager中国职业经理人 Chinese Professional Manager ( CPM )注册国际投资剖析师 Certified International Investment Analyst( CIIA )注册金融剖析师 Chartered Financial Analyst ( CFA )注册金融筹备师Certified Financial Planner〔 CFP〕认证金融理财师 Associate Financial Planner (AFP)金融风险管理师Financial Risk Manager〔 FRM〕证券从业资格证书Certificate of SecuritiesCertificate of International Commercial Documents国际贸易单证员证书计算机类计算机技术与软件专业技术〔水平〕资格考试Computer Technology and Software Expertise (level) Qualification Examination网络工程师Network Engineer软件设计师Software Architect数据库剖析师Database Analyst网络管理员Webmaster信息系统工程管理师Information Systems Project Management Division网络规划设计师Network Planning Designer多媒体应用设计师Multimedia designer电力工程证书Certificate in Electrical Engineering〕国际电子商务师Certified International E-Commerce Specialist (CIECS一、二级建筑师Grade1/2 Constructor造价工程师Cost Engineer注册房地产估价师Certified Real Estate Appraiser质量工程师Quality Assurance Engineer城市规划师Urban Planner公路造价师Highway Cost Estimator工程造价师Budgeting Specialist化学查验员Chemistry Testing Laboratory Technician化学技术证书Chemical Skills Certificate药品查验员Drug Inspector四、校运会第一名 The First Prize第二名 The Second Prize第三名 The Third Prize校运会篮球比赛Basketball Matches in Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会男子100 米Men’s 100 -metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University 校运会女子 100 米Women’s 100 -metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University 校运会男子 200 米Men’s 200 -metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University 校运会女子 200 米Women’s 200 -metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University 校运会男子 1500 米Men’s 1500 -metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University 校运会女子 800 米Women’s 800 -metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会男女跳高比赛Men/Women’ s High Jump Matches校运会男女三级跳比赛 Men/Women’ s Triple Jump Matches校运会男子 110 米栏 Men’ s 110-metre Hurdle Race 校运会男女铅球 Men/Women’s Shot Put校运会男女标枪Men/Women’s javelin throwing五、艺术类十大歌手Top Ten Singers军训优异通信员 Excellent Correspondent in Military Training 军训先进个人 Advanced Individual in Military Training十佳社团Top Ten Outstanding Associations体育道德民风奖PE Morality Award优异指导教师奖Excellent Guide Teacher Award突出奉献奖Outstanding Contribution Award工作创新奖Innovation Award团队建设奖Teamwork Award最正确台风奖Best Stage Style Award最正确人气奖Best Popularity Award优异组织奖Outstanding Organization Award最正确创意奖Best Creativity Award优异集体奖Excellent Group Award优异节目奖Best Program Award十佳新秀奖Top Ten Outstanding Rising Stars Award最具潜质奖Most Potentiality Award最正确才艺奖Outstanding Talent Award最正确气质奖Outstanding Quality Award最正确口才奖Best Eloquence Award最正确演员奖Best Actor Award最正确剧本奖Best Script Award优异会员Excellent Member最正确辩手Best Debater优异辩手Excellent Debater六、部门、职位及一些活动名称部门类学生会 Student Union团委会 Youth League Committee学生社团Students’ Association体育部 Sports Department文艺部 Arts Department学习部 Learning Department女生部 Girls Department心理展开部Psychological Development Department外联部 Public Relations Department宣传部 Propaganda Department生活部 Life Department纪检部 Discipline Inspection Department秘书部 Secretary Department组织部 Organization Department编写部 Editorial Department职位类:学生会主席President of the Student Union团委会书记Secretary of the Youth League Committee团支书 League Branch Secretary团支书 Secretary of the Youth League Branch Committee副书记 Vice Secretary秘书长 Secretary-general学术部做事 a member of the Academic Department宿舍长 Head of the dormitory优异团员Excellent League Member班长 Monitor/ Class President副班长 Vice-monitor文体委员Recreation & Sports Secretary学习委员Study Secretary生活委员Life Secretary宣传委员Publicity Secretary生活委员Organization Secretary一些专出名词勤工俭学Work-study Program青年志愿者协会Youth Volunteers Association政治指导员Political Tutors晚会主持人Host on the entertainment / evening party礼仪队 Reception Team/ Protocol Team三下乡 Volunteer Activities for the Country People综合测评Comprehensive Evaluation of Students’Performance 预备党员Probationary Party Member入党踊跃分子Applicant for Party Membership综合素质优异学生 Excellent Student of Comprehensive Quality优异青年志愿者 Outstanding Young Volunteer校园十杰 Ten Prominent Youth on Campus / Top Ten Youth on Campus 德才兼备的学生 Student of Good Character and Scholarship模拟招聘会Mock Interviews军训 Military Training艺术团 Art Troupe义教 Voluntary Teaching迎新晚会Welcome Party for the Freshmen 招聘会 Job Fair播放站 Broadcasting Station学生处 Students Affairs Department舍管 houseparent社会活动social/ public activities课外活动extracurricular activities社会实践social practice学术活动academic activities籍贯 native place婚姻情况marital status家庭情况family status可到职时间date of availability教育程度educational background课程 curriculum主修 major副修 minor优异学风班Class of Good Style Study兼职 Part-time Job促销员 Sales Promoter派传单 Deliver pamphlets党支部 Party Branch家教 Tutor成绩优异Outstanding Academic Results学业技术Academic Skills思想品德Ideological Morality文体表现Arts and Sports Performance社团艺术节Community Festival优异毕业生Outstanding Graduates Awards。
改错
TEM8 改错考查的是学生在语法、词汇、修辞等方面的语言知识和能力,因此要求学生在这几方面有扎实的基本功,它考查的不仅仅是学生对信息的认知与获取能力,更重要的是有能够判断、鉴别正误的能力,这种真功夫的较量是有相当难度的。
因为八级改错中的错误一般都是我们平时较容易犯的错误,即我们的软肋。
有些同学在做这类题目的时候,感到无处下手,或者惊慌失措,结果胡乱改一改就草草了事,结果连难度系数并不高的题目也做不出来,知道答案后后悔不已,但为时已晚。
其实只要我们能够保持冷静,运用自己所储备的相关知识,理性分析,是完全有可能达到较为满意的结果的。
这就需要我们了解哪些地方容易出错,然后通过针对性的训练,做好充分准备,到时候就不会方寸大乱。
八级改错主要涉及到的是语法、词汇、句法和篇章等方面。
一下是从这几个方面对历年改错部分考试试题的分析。
第一节语法错误语法错误占所有改错项目中的比例最高,涉及的面也较广,但是只要我们掌握较为全面、扎实的语法知识,绝大多数的错误都是能够辨认和改正的。
一、名词错误涉及到名词的错误主要有以下几类:名词近义词,名词的单复数,可数与不可数名词,名词与动词、形容词等词性的转换等方面。
例1People of all races and languages make rather similar noises in return to pain or pleasure. (07)例2Each of us shares with the community in which we live a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conventions as to the way in which words shouldb e (06)例3…one important tool available to lawmakers to inform the citizenry and to arouse public interests in national issues. (04)例4...and brought the birth rate to a twentieth century height after more than a hundred years of a steady decline, (03)例5From the 1940s through the early 1969s, Americans married at a higher rate and at a younger age than their Europe counterparts. (03)二、动词错误与动词相关的错误所占比例很大,主要有时态、语态、语气、非谓语动词、情态动词等方面的错误,而其中分词用法错误以及主谓一致问题尤其值得注意。
TEM8-翻译必备
TEM-8翻译必备(1)把握大局:grasp the overall situation (2) 摆谱儿:put on airs;keep up appearances (3)白手起家: start from scratch (4)拜年:pay New Year call (5)班门弄斧:teach one's grandma to suck eggs (5)保质期:guarantee period (6)报销:apply for reimbursement (7)爆冷门:produce an unexpected answer(8)曝光:make public(9)奔小康:strive for a relatively comfortable life (10)闭门羹:given cold-shoulder(11)比上不足,比下有余:fall short of the best,but be better than the best (12)逼上梁山:be driven to drastic alternatives(13)变相涨价:disguised inflation(14)边远贫困地区:outlying poverty-stricken areas(15)边缘知识人:Marginal intellectuals (16)表面文章:Lip service;surface formality (17) 博导:Ph.D supervisor (18)补发拖欠的养脑筋:Clear up pension payments in arrears (19)不眠之夜:white night (20)菜鸟:green hand (21)产品科技含量technoligical element of a product(22)长江三角洲:Yangtze River delta (23)长江中下游:the middle and lower reaches of Changjiang River (24)超前消费:pre-mature consumption (25)城镇居民最低生活保障:a minimum standard of living for residents (26)城镇职工医疗保险制度:the system of medical insurance for urban workers (27)重复建设:buiding redundant project;duplication of similar projects (28)充值卡:rechargeable card (29)春运:passenger transport around the Chinese lunar new year (30)打破僵局:break the deadlock/stalemate(31)电脑盲:computer illiterate (32)点球:penalty kick (33)电视会议:video conference (34)电视直销:TV home shopping (35)定向培训:training for specific posts (36)动感电影:multidimensional movie (37)豆腐渣工程:jerry-built projects (38)对...毫无顾忌:make no bones about (39)夺冠:take the crown (40)政治多元化:political pluralism (41)服务行业:catering industry (42)复合型人才:inter-disciplinary talent (43)岗位培训:on-the-job training(44)高等教育自学考试:self-study higher education examination (45)高新技术产业开发区:high and new technological industrial development zone(46)各大菜系:major styles of cooking(47)各行各业:every walk of life (48)功夫不负有心人:Everything comes to him who waits(49)各尽其能:let each person do his best (50)公益活动:public welfare activities (51)工薪阶层:state employee;salaried person (52)过犹不及:going too far ia as bad as not going far enough (53)函授大学:correspondence university (54)好莱坞大片:Hollywood blockbuster(55)核心竞争力:core competitiveness (56)虎父无犬子:A wise goose never lays a tame leg (57)基本国情:fundamental realities of the country (58)激烈竞争:cut-throat competition (59)极限运动:maximal exercise/X-games(60)集中精力把经济建设搞上去:go all out for economic development (61)加班:work extra shifts (62)嘉宾:distinguished/honored guest (63)加快市场步伐:quicken the pace of marketization (64)假冒伪劣产品:counterfeit and shoddy products (65)减负:alleviate burdens on sb (66)江南水乡:the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River (67)教书育人:impart knowledgeand educate people (68)脚踏实地:be down-to-earth (69)解除劳动关系:sever labor relations (70)扩大内需:expand domestic demand (71)拉拉队:cheering squad(72)论文答辩:(thesis)oral defence(73)马到成功:achieve immediate victory (74)三维电影/动画片:three-dimensionalmovie/animation(75)森林覆盖率:forest coverage(76)社会保险机构:social security institutions (77)社会热点问题:hot spots of society (78)社会治安情况:law-and-order situation(79)申办城市:the bidding cities(80):身体素质:physical constitution(81)生计问题:bread-and-butter issue (82)生意兴隆:business flourishes (82)市场疲软:sluggish market (83)市政工程:municipal works/engineering(84)事业单位:public institution (85)试用期:probationary period(86)首创精神:pioneering spirit(87)手机充值:cellular phone replenishing(88)台湾同胞:Taiwan compatriots (89)脱贫致富:cast off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity (90)西部大开发:Development of the West Regions(91)新秀:up-and-coming star (92)学生处:students' affairs division(93)舆论导向:direction of public opinion(94)招生就业指导办公事:enrolment and vocation guidance office (95)支柱产业:pillar conerstone industry (96)中专生:secondary specialized or technical school student (97)专题报道:special coverage (98)《阿Q正传》:The True Story of Ah Q (99)《春秋》:Spring and Autumn Annals (100)知识产权:intellectual property rights。
各类考试 时间
5月15日
秘书资格
5月15日
上海教师资格考试
5月15日
心理咨询师
5月16日
公共营养师
5月23日
物流师
5月15、16日
物业管理师
5月15、16日
人力资源管理师
5月15、16日
电子商务师
5月22日
商务英语高级(BEC)
5月9日
管理咨询师
5月22日
内蒙古教师资格考试
5月22日
山东教师资格考试
11月28日
中央国家机关公务员考试
十二月份考试月历
考试时间
考试名称
12月3、5、12、19日
雅思(IELTS)
12月5、11、19日
托福
12月4日
商务英语中级(BEC)
12月4日
重庆会计从业考试
12月4日
贵州教师资格考试
12月5日
日语能力考试(JLPT)
工程硕士GCT联考
12月18日
大学英语四六级(CET-4/6)
10月23日
安徽教师资格考试
10月23日
吉林教师资格考试
10月23、24日
造价工程师
10月23、24日
企业法律顾问
10月23、24日
注册城市规划师
10月23、24日
四川教师资格考试
10月23、24日
二级建造师考试
10月24日
甘肃教师资格考试
10月24日
杭州教师资格考试
10月24日
统计师
10月30日
在职人员攻读MBA全国联考
贵州省公务员
7月17日
德福考试(TestDaF)
7月10、24日
tem8+考试流程
考试时间:2009年3月7日(星期六)上午8:30 时间共约195分钟考试正式开始15分钟后迟到考生不得入场考试30分钟内不得交卷Part I Listening Comprehension 约35分钟其中Section A (Note-taking & Gap-filling) (磁带A面)Section B and C (磁带B面)Part II Reading Comprehension 30分钟Part III General Knowledge 10 分钟Part IV Proof-reading & Error correction 15 分钟Part V Translation 60分钟Part VI Writing 45 分钟Part I (Section A), Part IV, Part V,Part VI 分别做在主观题答题卷A, B, C , D 上Part I (Section B and C), Part II, Part III 均做在客观题答题卡上Part I 的section A 听讲座记笔记项目。
所发的空发记录纸在听写时作笔记用。
Section A 结束后磁带上预留12分钟的间隙其中2分钟的时间给考生整理笔记,10分钟的时间给学生做填空。
在学生整理笔记的同时,监考老师发主观题答卷A. 2分钟整理笔记时间未结束时,考试不得提前做主观题答题卷A上的填空项目。
该项目时间到后磁带上会播放提示语“Section B and C of Listening Comprehension are on Side B. Please turn to Side B”, 监考老师随即将磁带翻至B面并倒回B面开头开始播放,同时收回主观题答题卷A根据磁带提示,主考老师宣布继续做Listening Comprehension 的其他部分:Section B Section C 该部分答案写在客观题答题卡上(第1---10题)主考教师宣布part II (Reading Comprehension)开始。
2010年英语专八真题及答案
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2010)-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIT: 115 MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN] SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is(are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C, and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.Now, listen to Part One of the interview1. A. Because many Asian and African people came to the U. S.B. Because many people in the U. S. shared the same religion.C. Because when people came to the U. S., the became the same.D. Because people with different cultural background blended into one nation.2. A. Merging of different cultural identities. B. More emphasis on homogeneity.C. Embracing of more ethnic differences.D. Acceptance of more branches of Christianity.3. A. Some places are more diverse than others. B. Towns are less diverse than large cities.C. Diversity can be seen everywhere.D. America is truly diverse country.4. A. The population of Pennsylvania remains the same in the last ten years.B. Different regions show different degrees of diversity.C. The U. S. is no longer a diverse nation.D. Diversity only occurs in the region with a large population of white people.5. A. Maine. B. Selinsgrove. C. Philadelphia. D. California.Now, listen to Part Two of the interview.6. A. 57%. B. 98%. C. 97%. D. 34%.7. A. Greater racial diversity exists among younger populations.B. Both older and younger populations are racially diverse.C. Age diversity could lead to pension problems.D. Older populations are more racially diverse.8. A. Workers will become wealthy.B. In the future, the older white population will become wealthy.C. The retirees will benefit a lot from social security.D. The younger minorities will possess a large amount of wealth.9. A. It was most evident between 1990 and 2000.B. It exists among Muslim immigrants.C. It is restricted to certain places in the U. S.D. The central part of the U. S. still remains the same.10. A. Different parts of the U.S. display different degrees of diversity.B. Many parts of the U.S. become increasingly diverse in terms of race and religion.C. Immigrants bring diversity to the U.S.D. The central part of the U.S. still remains the same.PART II READING COMPREHENSION [45 MIN] SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONEAmong the great cities of the world, Kolkata (formerly spelt as Calcutta), the capital of India’s West Bengal, and the home of nearly 15 million people, is often mentioned as the only one that still has a large fleet of hand-pulled rickshaws.Rickshaws are not there to haul around tourists. It’s the people in the lanes who most regularly use rickshaws—not the poor but people who are just a notch above the poor. They are people who tend to travel short distances, through lanes that are sometimes inaccessible to even the most daring taxi driver. An older woman with marketing to do, for instance, can arrive in a rickshaw, have the rickshaw puller wait until she comes back from various stalls to load her purchases, and then be taken home. People in the lanes use rickshaws as a 24-hour ambulance service. Proprietors of cafes or corner stores send rickshaws to collect their supplies. The rickshaw pullers told me their steadiest customers are schoolchildren. Middle-class families contract with a puller to take a child to school and pick him up; the puller essentially becomes a family retainer.From June to September Kolkata can get torrential rains. During my stay it once rained for about 48 hours. Entire neighborhoods couldn’t be reached by motorized vehicles, and the newspapers showed pictures of rickshaws being pulled through water that was up to the pullers’ waists. When it’s raining, the normal customer base for rickshaw pullers expands greatly, as does the price of a journey. A writer in Kolkata told me, “When it rains, even the governor takes rickshaws.”While I was in Kolkata, a magazine called India Today published its annual ranking of Indian states, according to such measurements as prosperity and infrastructure. Among India’s 20 largest states, Bihar finished dead last, as it has for four of the past five years. Bihar, a couple hundred miles north of Kolkata, is where the vast majority of rickshaw pullers come from. Once in Kolkata, they sleep on the street or in their rickshaws or in a dera—a combination garage and repair shop and dormitory managed by someonecalled a sardar. For sleeping privileges in dera. They gross between 100 and 150 rupees a day, out of which they have to pay 20 rupees for the use of the rickshaw and an 0CCasional 75 Or more for a payoff if a policeman stops them for, say, crossing a street where rickshaws are prohibited. A 2003 study found that rickshaw pullers are near the bottom of Kolkata occupations in income, doing better than only the beggars. For someone without land or education, that still beats trying to make a living in Bihar.There are people in Kolkata, particularly educated and politically aware people, who will not ride in a rickshaw, because they are offended by the idea of being pulled by another human being or because they consider it not the sort of thing people of their station do or because they regard the hand-pulled rickshaw as a relic of colonialism. Ironically, some of those people are not enthusiastic about banning rickshaws. The editor of the editorial pages of Kolkata’s Telegraph—Rudrangshu Mukherjee, a former academic who still writes history books—told me, for instance, that he sees humanitarian considerations as coming down on the side of keeping hand-pulled rickshaws on the road. “I refuse to be carried by another human being myself,” he said, “but I question whether we have the right to take away their livelihood” Rickshaw supporters point out that when it comes to demeaning occupations, rickshaw pullers are hardly unique in Kolkata.When I asked one rickshaw puller if he thought the government’s plan to rid the city of rickshaws was based on a genuine interest in his welfare, he smiled, with a quick shake of his head—a gesture I interpreted to mean, “If you are so naive as to ask such a question, I will answer it, but it is not worth wasting words on.” Some rickshaw pullers I met were resigned to the imminent end of their livelihood and pin their hopes on being offered something in its place. As migrant workers, they don’t have the political clout enjoyed by, say, Kolkata’s sidewalk hawkers, who, after supposedly being scaled back at the beginning of the modernization drive, still clog the sidewalks, selling absolutely everything—or, as I found during the 48 hours of rain, absolutely everything but umbrellas. “The government was the government of the poor people,” one sardar told me. “Now they shake hands with the capitalists and try to get rid of poor people.”But others in Kolkata believe that rickshaws will simply be confined more strictly to certain neighborhoods, out of the view of World Bank traffic consultants and California investment delegations—or that they will be allowed to die out naturally as they’re supplanted by more modern conveyances. Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, after all, is not the first high West Bengal official to say that rickshaws would be off the streets of Kolkata in a matter of months. Similar statements have been made as far back as 1976. The ban decreed by Bhattacharjee has been delayed by a court case and by a widely held belief that some retraining or social security settlement ought to be offered to rickshaw drivers. It may also have been delayed by a quiet reluctance to give up something that has been part of the fabric of the city for more than a century. Kolkata, a resident told me, “has difficulty letting go.” One day a city official handed me a report from the municipal government laying out options for how rickshaw pullers might be rehabilitated.“Which option has been chosen?”I asked, noting that the report was dated almost exactly a year before my visit.“That hasn’t been decided,” he said.“When will it be decided?”“That hasn’t been decided,” he said.11. According to the passage, rickshaws are used in Kolkata mainly for the following EXCEPT ______.A. taking foreign tourists around the cityB. providing transport to school childrenC. carrying store supplies and purchasesD. carrying people over short distances12. W hich of the following statements best describes the rickshaw pullers from Bihar?A. They come from a relatively poor area.B. They are provided with decent accommodation.C. Their living standards are very low in Kolkata.D. They are often caught by policemen in the streets.13. That “For someone without land or education, that still beats trying to make a living in Bihar”(paragraph 4) means that even so, ____________.A. the poor prefer to work and live in BiharB. the poor from Bihar fare better than back homeC. the poor never try to make a living in BiharD. the poor never seem to resent their life in Kolkata14. W e can infer from the passage that some educated and politically aware people ____________.A. hold mixed feelings towards rickshawsB. strongly support the ban on rickshawsC. call for humanitarian actions for rickshaw pullersD. keep quiet on the issue of banning rickshaws15. W hich of the following statements conveys the author’s sense of humor?A. “…—not the poor but people who are just a notch above the poor.” (2nd paragraph)B. “…, which sounds like a pretty good deal until you’ve visited a dera.” (4th paragraph)C. Kolkata, a resident told me, “has difficulty letting go.” (7th paragraph)D. “... or, as I found during the 48 hours of rain, absolutely everything but umbrellas.”(6thparagraph)PASSAGE TWODepending on whom you believe, the average American will, over a lifetime, wait in lines for two years (says National Public Radio) or five years (according to customer loyalty experts).The crucial word is average, as wealthy Americans routinely avoid lines altogether. Once the most democratic of institutions, lines are rapidly becoming the exclusive province of suckers (people who still believe in and practice waiting in lines). Poor suckers, mostly.Airports resemble France before the Revolution: first-class passengers enjoy “elite”security lines and priority boarding, and disembark before the unwashed in coach, held at bay by a flight attendant, are allowed to foul the Jet-way.At amusement parks, too, you can now buy your way out of line. This summer I haplessly watched kids use a $52 Gold Flash Pass to jump the lines at Six Flags New England, and similar systems are in use in most major American theme parks, from Universal Orlando to Walt Disney World, where the haves get to watch the have-mores breeze past on their way to their seats.Flash Pass teaches children a valuable lesson in real-world economics: that the rich are more important than you, especially when it comes to waiting. An NBA player once said to me, with a bemused chuckle of disbelief, that when playing in Canada—get this—“we have to wait in the same customs line as everybody else.”Almost every line can be breached for a price. In several U.S. cities this summer, early arrivers among the early adopters waiting to buy iPhones offered to sell their spots in the lines. On Craigslist, prospective iPhone purchasers offered to pay “waiters” or “placeholders” to wait in line for them outsideApple stores.Inevitably, some semi-populist politicians have seen the value of sort-of waiting in lines with the ordinary people. This summer Philadelphia mayor John Street waited outside an A T&T store from 3:30 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. before a stand-in from his office literally stood in for the mayor while he conducted official business. And billionaire New Y ork mayor Michael Bloomberg often waits for the subway with his fellow citizens, though he’s first driven by motorcade past the stop nearest his house to a station 22 blocks away, where the wait, or at least the ride, is shorter.As early as elementary school, we’ re told that jumping the line is an unethical act, which is why so many U.S. lawmakers have framed the immigration debate as a kind of fundamental sin of the school lunch line. Alabama Senator Richard Shelby, to cite just one legislator, said amnesty would allow illegal immigrants “to cut in line ahead of millions of people.”Nothing annoys a national lawmaker more than a person who will not wait in line, unless that line is in front of an elevator at the US. Capitol, where Senators and Representatives use private elevators, lest they have to queue with their constituents.But compromising the integrity of the line is not just antidemocratic, it’s out-of-date. There was something about the orderly boarding of Noah’s Ark, two by two, that seemed to restore not just civilization but civility during the Great Flood.How civil was your last flight? Southwest Airlines has first-come, first-served festival seating. But for $5 per flight, an unaffiliated company called BoardFirst. com will secure you a coveted “A” boarding pass when that airline opens for online check-in 24 hours before departure. Thus, the savvy traveler doesn’t even wait in line when he or she is online.Some cultures are not renowned for lining up. Then again, some cultures are too adept at lining up: a citizen of the former Soviet Union would join a queue just so he could get to the head of that queue and see what everyone was queuing for.And then there is the U.S., where society seems to be cleaving into two groups: V ery Important Persons, who don’t wait, and V ery Impatient Persons, who do—unhappily.For those of us in the latter group—consigned to coach, bereft of Flash Pass, too poor or proper to pay a placeholder—what do we do? We do what Vladimir and Estragon did in Waiting for Godot: “We wait. We are bored.”16. W hat does the following sentence mean? “Once the most democratic of institutions, lines arerapidly becoming the exclusive province of suckers... Poor suckers, mostly.”(2nd paragraph)A. Lines are symbolic of America’s democracy.B. Lines still give Americans equal opportunities.C. Lines are now for ordinary Americans only.D. Lines are for people with democratic spirit only.17. W hich of the following is NOT cited as an example of breaching the line?A. Going through the customs at a Canadian airport.B. Using Gold Flash Passes in amusement parks.C. First-class passenger status at airports.D. Purchase of a place in a line from a placeholder.18. W e can infer from the passage that politicians (including mayors and Congressmen) ___________.A. prefer to stand in lines with ordinary peopleB. advocate the value of waiting in linesC. believe in and practice waiting in linesD. exploit waiting in lines for their own goodPASSAGE THREEA bus took him to the West End, where, among the crazy coloured fountains of illumination, shattering the blue dusk with green and crimson fire, he found the cafe of his choice, a tea-shop that had gone mad and turned. Babylonian, a while palace with ten thousand lights. It towered above the other building like a citadel, which indeed it was, the outpost of a new age, perhaps a new civilization, perhaps a new barbarism; and behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel, just as behind the careless profusion of luxury were millions of pence, balanced to the last halfpenny. Somewhere in the background, hidden away, behind the ten thousand lights and acres of white napery and bewildering glittering rows of teapots, behind the thousand waitresses and cash-box girls and black-coated floor managers and temperamental long-haired violinists, behind the mounds of cauldrons of stewed steak, the vanloads of ices, were a few men who went to work juggling with fractions of a farming, who knew how many units of electricity it took to finish a steak-and-kidney pudding and how many minutes and seconds a waitress( five feet four in height and in average health) would need to carry a tray of given weight from the kitchen life to the table in the far corner. In short, there was a warm, sensuous, vulgar life flowering in the upper storeys, and a cold science working in the basement. Such as the gigantic tea-shop into which Turgis marched, in search not of mere refreshment but of all the enchantment of unfamiliar luxury. Perhaps he knew in his heart that men have conquered half the known world, looted whole kingdoms, and never arrived in such luxury. The place was built for him.It was built for a great many other people too, and, as usual, they were all there. It seemed with humanity. The marble entrance hall, piled dizzily with bonbons and cakes, was as crowded and bustling as a railway station. The gloom and grime of the streets, the raw air, all November, were at once left behind, forgotten: the atmosphere inside was golden, tropical, belonging to some high mid-summer of confectionery. Disdaining the lifts, Turgis, once more excited by the sight, sound, and smell of it all, climbed the wide staircase until he reached his favourite floor, where an orchestra, led by a young Jewish violinist with wandering lustrous eyes and a passion for tremolo effects, acted as a magnet to a thousand girls. The door was swung open for him by a page; there burst, scented air, the sensuous clamour of the strings, and, as he stood hesitating a moment, half dazed, there came, bowing, sleek grave man,older than he was and far more distinguished than he could ever hope to be, who murmured deferentially: “For one, sir? This way, please,” Shyly, yet proudly, Turgis followed him.19. T he following words or phrases are somewhat critical of the tea-shop EXCEPT ____________.A. “… turned Babylonian”B. “perhaps a new barbarism”C. “acres of white napery”D. “balanced to the last halfpenny”20. W hich of the following statements about the second paragraph is NOT true?A. The cafe appealed to most senses simultaneously.B. The cafe was both full of people and full of warmth.C. The inside of the cafe was contrasted with the weather outside.D. It stressed the commercial determination of the cafe owners.21. T he following are comparisons made by the author in the second paragraph EXCEPT that ________.A. the entrance hall is compared to a railway stationB. the orchestra is compared to a magnetC. Turgis welcomed the lift like a conquering soldierD. the interior of the cafe is compared to warm countriesPASSAGE FOURNow elsewhere in the world, Iceland may be spoken of, somewhat breathlessly, as western Europe’s last pristine wilderness. But the environmental awareness that is sweeping the world had bypassed the majority of Icelanders. Certainly they were connected to their land, the way one is complicatedly connected to, or encumbered by, family one can’t do anything about. But the truth is, once you re off the beaten paths of the low-lying coastal areas where everyone lives, the roads are few, and they’re all bad, so Iceland’s natural wonders have been out of reach and unknown even to its own inhabitants. For them the land has always just been there, something that had to be dealt with and, if possible, exploited—the mind-set being one of land as commodity rather than land as, well, priceless art on the scale of the “Mona Lisa.”When the opportunity arose in 2003 for the national power company to enter into a 40-year contract with the American aluminum company Alcoa to supply hydroelectric power for a new smelter (冶炼厂) , those who had been dreaming of something like this for decades jumped at it and never looked back. Iceland may at the moment be one of the world’s richest countries, with a 99 percent literacy rate and long life expectancy. But the project’s advocates, some of them getting on in years, were more emotionally attuned to the country’s century upon century of want, hardship, and colonial servitude to Denmark, which officially had ended only in 1944 and whose psychological imprint remained relatively fresh. For the longest time, life here had meant little more than a sod hut, dark all winter, cold, no hope, children dying left and right, earthquakes, plagues, starvation, volcanoes erupting and destroying all vegetation and livestock, all spirit—a world revolving almost entirely around the welfare of one’s sheep and, later, on how good the cod catch was. In the outlying regions, it still largely does.Ostensibly, the Alcoa project was intended to save one of these dying regions—the remote and sparsely populated east—where the way of life had steadily declined to a point of desperation and gloom. After fishing quotas were imposed in the early 1980s to protect fish stocks, many individual boat owners sold their allotments or gave them away, fishing rights ended up mostly in the hands of a few companies, and small fishermen were virtually wiped out. Technological advances drained away even more jobs previously done by human hands, and the people were seeing everything they had worked for all their lives turn up worthless and their children move away. With the old way of life doomed, aluminum projects like this one had come to be perceived, wisely or not, as a last chance. “Smelter or death.”The contract with Alcoa would infuse the region with foreign capital, an estimated 400 jobs, and spin-off service industries. It also was a way for Iceland to develop expertise that potentially could be sold to the rest of the world; diversify an economy historically dependent on fish, and, in an appealing display of Icelandic can-do verve, perhaps even protect all of Iceland, once and for all, from the unpredictability of life itself.“We have to live,” Halldor Asgrimsson. Halldor, a former prime minister and longtime member of parliament from the region, was a driving force behind the project. “We have a right to live.”22. A ccording to the passage, most Icelanders view land as something of ____________.A. environmental valueB. commercial valueC. potential value for tourismD. great value for livelihood23. W hat is Iceland’s old-aged advocates’ feeling towards the Alcoa project?A. Iceland is wealthy enough to reject the project.B. The project would lower life expectancy.C. The project would cause environmental problems.D. The project symbolizes and end to the colonial legacies.24. T he disappearance of the old way of life was due to all the following EXCEPT ____________.A. fewer fishing companiesB. fewer jobs availableC. migration of young peopleD. imposition of fishing quotasSECTION B SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are eight short-answer questions based on the passages in SECTION A. Answer each question in NO more than 10 words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE25. What does the dialogue between the author and the city official at the end of the passage seem tosuggest?PASSAGE TWO26. What is the tone of the passage?PASSAGE THREE27. What does “behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel” suggest?28. What does “The place was built for him” in Paragraph One mean?29. What’s the author’s attitude toward the cafe?PASSAGE FOUR30. Why didn’t the majority of Icelanders have environmental awareness?31. What does “Smelter or death” in the third paragraph mean?32. What’s the function of the 4th paragraph in the passage?PART III LANGUAGE USAGE [15 MIN] The passage contains Ten errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way: For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct onein the blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧”sign and write the word you believe to be missingin the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash “ / ” and putthe word in the blank provided at the end of the line. EXAMPLEWhen ∧art museum wants a new exhibit, (1) anit never buys things in finished form and hangs (2) never them on the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it. (3) exhibitProofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET THREE as instructed.PART IV TRANSLATION [25 MIN]Translate the underlined part of the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.朋友关系的存续是以相互尊重为前提的,容不得半点强求、干涉和控制。
物理与光电工程学院综合测评办法细则
物理与光电工程学院综合测评办法细则第一条测评机构1、班级测评机构由辅导员或班主任任组长,各班班长、团支书、学习委员任副组长,各宿舍长为成员。
第二条测评标准及实施过程1、所有加分项均为上一学年内容。
2、所有专业可根据实际情况,把握好尺度,在同学得分的基础上适当增加基础分。
3、未尽事宜可参照《学生手册》。
除明确规定项目外,其余由评议小组把握。
基本方面测评(总分为100分)包括修身立德测评和身心健康测评,两项测评综合分为基本得分。
一、修身立德测评(总分50分)修身立德素质是学生思想品质、世界观、人生观、价值观的综合体现,主要对学生思想政治素养、道德修养、遵纪守法、集体观念四个方面的表现进行测评。
第一项基础分0分,第二项基础分5分,第三项基础分10分,第四项基础分5分。
1、思想政治素养:(1)热爱祖国,热爱社会主义,拥护中国共产党的领导,政治上与党中央保持一致,自觉加强思想修养。
(2)认真学习党的理论,认真参加各项思政活动(包括政治理论学习活动,党团组织的思政活动、党课、团课、与提高思政素养有关的报告会及讲座等)。
每人每次加1分,依次累加,以校、院级组织及班级签到记录为标准。
(如有其他项目,参与经各班评议小组共同通过后亦可酌情加分)。
基础分为0分,含基础分在内总分15分。
2、道德修养(1)到课情况、早操、作业完成情况由班级评议小组根据班级记录予以扣分(2)勤劳朴素,崇尚节俭,不挥霍浪费,积极参加勤工助学,勤工助学每上岗一次加2分。
(3)积极参加社会公益活动,乐于助人,每有一次加1分,根据校、院、班组织记录予以加分。
(4)宿舍卫生学年评“A”1次加1分。
(5)获得各种荣誉称号的,按下项标准加分(奖学金不算)荣誉称号例:校级:个人:三好学生,优秀共青团干部,先进个人,优秀学生干部,优秀毕业生,优秀团员,军训优秀学员等。
集体:先进集体,先进班集体,先进团支部等。
院级:个人:优秀工作者,优秀学生干部,三好学生,优秀团员,优秀共青团干部等。
各种证书中英文对照
三、证书大学英语四级—— CET4 (College English Test Band 4 Certificate) 大学英语六级-——— CET6 (College English Test Band 6 Certificate)英语专业四级———— TEM4 (Test for English Major Grade 4 Certificate)英语专业八级-——— TEM8 (Test for English Major Grade 8 Certificate) 普通话等级考试——-- National Mandarin Test (Level 1,2, 3;Grade A,B,C)日语能力考试-——— Japanese Language Proficiency Test (Level 1,2,3, 4)商务日语能力考试—- Business Japanese Proficiency Test商务英语证书———— Business English Certificate)雅思——---— IELTS (International English Language Testing System)托福———--— TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language)BEC初级————-—(BEC Preliminary Level,缩略为BEC Pre。
)BEC中级---——— (BEC Vantage Level,缩略为BEC Van.)BEC高级——————(BEC Higher Level,缩略为BEC Hi.)全国计算机等级考试—— National Computer Rank Examination (NCRE)Rank I: DOS、WINDOWSRankⅡ:VISUAL BASIC,VISUAL FOXPRO,QBASIC,FORTRAN,C, FOXBASERankⅢ: PC technology、Information management、Internet technology、Data baseRankⅣ:Ability to systems analysis and systems project全国计算机一级证书First—level Certificate for National Computer全国计算机二级证书Second-level Certificate for National Computer全国计算机三级证书Third—level Certificate for National Computer全国计算机四级证书Fourth—level Certificate for National Computer导游证—————- Guide ID Card (Guide Identity of Identification Card)导游资格证书———— Guide Certificate秘书证———-—- Secretary Card中级涉外秘书证———— Intermediate Foreign Secretary Card会计证—————— Accounting Certificate会计从业资格证书:—- Certificate of Accounting Professional初级职务(助理会计)证书Sub-accountant Certificate Preliminary Level 中级职称-——-—— Intermediate Certificate管理会计师证书:————Certificate in Management Accounting注册会计师证书:———— (CPA Certificate)Certificate of Certified Public Accountant注册金融分析师-—-—(CFA)Chartered Financial Analyst特许公认会计师—-——(ACCA)The Association of Chartered Accountants CAD工程师认证证书—- CAD Engineer Certification电工证——--—— Electrician certificate技工证书———-—— Technician Certificate教师资格证——-——— Teacher Certification心理辅导教师资格证书-— Psychological Counseling Teacher Certificate 报关员资格证书—-—— Clerk for the Customs Declaration报关员证书—-———— Customs Declaration Certificate人力资源从业资格证书——Qualification of Human Resources Practitioners驾驶证——-——— Driver's License国家司法考试证书———- National Judicial Examination certificate (lawyer’s qualificationcertificate)律师资格证书———- Attorney’s certificate企业法律顾问执业资格证书Enterprise Counsel Qualification Certificate 法律顾问—-———— Legal Adviser律师助理证——————Assistant Lawyer Certificate会计从业资格证—-——Certificate of Accounting Professional初级会计职称———- Junior Level Accountant中级会计职称——-— Medium Level Accountant高级职称—-—-—- Advanced Level Accountant注册会计师----—— Certified Public Accountant (CPC)注册税务师—--——— Certified Tax Agents(CTA )经济师--—--- Economist精算师————-— Actuary审计师————-— Auditor统计师—-———- Actuary物流师职业资格证书——Certificate of International Logistics Specialist 国际物流师-———-- Certified International Logistics Specialist (CILS)国际电子商务师职业资格认证Certification of International E-Commerce Specialist国际电子商务师-——— Certified International E—Commerce Specialist (CIECS)市场营销师——————Marketing Manager特许市场营销师———— Certified Marketing Manager (CMM)初级营销职业证书———— Introductory Certificate in Marketing市场营销职业证书————Certificate in Marketing国际商务谈判师———— Certificated International Professional Negotiator ( CIPN)投资咨询师———--— Investment Counselor人力资源管理—-—— Human Resource Management (HRM )中国职业经理人资格认证——Certificate of ChineseProfessional Manager中国职业经理人—--— Chinese Professional Manager ( CPM )注册国际投资分析师—— Certified International Investment Analyst(CIIA )注册金融分析师—-—- Chartered Financial Analyst ( CFA )注册金融策划师———— Certified Financial Planner(CFP)认证金融理财师———— Associate Financial Planner (AFP)金融风险管理师———— Financial Risk Manager (FRM)证券从业资格证书-———Certificate of Securities国际贸易单证员证书——Certificate of International Commercial Documents报关员资格证书-—-—Certificate of Customs Specialist报检员资格证书————Certificate of Inspection公务员考试—-———— Civil Servants Exam计算机技术与软件专业技术(水平)资格考试—- Computer Technology and Software Expertise (level) Qualification Examination网络工程师--—--- Network Engineer软件设计师——---— Software Architect数据库分析师———— Database Analyst网络管理员—————- Webmaster信息系统项目管理师—— Information Systems Project Management Division网络规划设计师———- Network Planning Designer多媒体应用设计师—--— Multimedia designer电力工程证书—-——Certificate in Electrical Engineering国际电子商务师-——— Certified International E—Commerce Specialist (CIECS)一、二级建造师———— Grade1/2 Constructor造价工程师—-——-— Cost Engineer注册房地产估价师—-—— Certified Real Estate Appraiser质量工程师———-—— Quality Assurance Engineer城市规划师———--— Urban Planner公路造价师———--— Highway Cost Estimator工程造价师—————— Budgeting Specialist化学检验员—-——-— Chemistry Testing Laboratory Technician化学技能证书———- Chemical Skills Certificate药品检验员—————— Drug Inspector。
2010专八听力全部原文.
2010专业八级(TEM8听力原文PART I: LISTENING COMPREHENSION— SECTION AMINI-LECTUREParalinguistic Features of LanguageGood morning, everyone. Today we'll continue our discussion on describing language. Last week we examined such features of language as grammar, vocabulary, the sounds of language, etc. In this lecture, we'll look at another important aspect of language. Perhaps some of you may wonder what is this important aspect of language. Let me tell you. It refers to features of communication that take place without the use of grammar and vocabulary. They are called "paralinguistic features of language". These features fall into two broad categories: those that involve the voice and those that involve the body.Now, the first category, is what we call vocal paralinguistic features. Vocal features are actually tones of voice. While they are, perhaps, not central to meaning in communication in the same way as grammar or vocabulary, they may, nevertheless, convey attitude or intention in some way . Let me give you some examples. The first is whispering, which indicates the needs for secrecy. The second is breathiness. This is to show deep emotion. The third is huskiness, which is to show unimportance. The fourth is nasality. This is to indicate anxiety. The last is extra lip-rounding, which expresses greater intimacy, especially with babies, for example. So we can see that there are a number of ways of altering our tone of voice. And when we do this consciously, we do it to create different effects in communication.Now, let's come to the second category, physical paralinguistic features, which involves the body. In addition to convey meanings with tone of voice, we can also express our intention through the ways in which we use our bodies. You may ask: what are the ways, then? Let me cite some brief examples. The expression on our face, the gestures we make and even proximity or way we sit, are some of the ways we send powerful messages about how we feel, or what we mean. Let me explain some of these inmore detail. First, facial expression. Facial expression is a powerful conveyer of meaning. We all know smiling is an almost universal signal of pleasure or welcome. But there are other facial expressions that may not be so common. For instance, raising eye-brows suggests that you are surprised or interested in something . Other facial actions, such as biting your lip, which indicates that you are deep in thinking, or are uncertain about something; compressing the lips, which show that you are making decisions; and a visib le clenching of the teeth, to show that you are angry, are all powerful conveyers of meaning, too. The second in this category is gesture. You see, we use gesture to indicate a wide range of meanings. Though I have to emphasize that the actual gestures we use may be specific to particular cultures. That is to say, different cultures have their own favorite gestures in conveying meaning. Here, a few examples may show you how powerful gestures can be. In British English behavior, shrugging shoulders may indicate an attitude of "I don't care", or "I don't know". Crossing your arms may indicate relaxation. But it can also powerfully show you are bored. Waving can mean welcome and farewell. While scratching your head may indicate that you are at a loss. In other cultures, placing your hand upon your heart is to indicate that you are telling the truth. Pointing your finger at your nose means "It's a secret". That's why we say that gestures are culture bound. The third is proximity, posture and echoing. Proximity refers to the physical distance between speakers. This can indicate a number of things and can also be used to consciously send messages about intent. Closeness, for example, indicates intimacy or threat to many speakers. But distance may show formality, or lack of interest. Once again, I'd like to say, proximity is also both a matter of personal style, and is often culture bound. So, what may seemnormal to a speaker from one culture may appear unnecessarily close or distant to a speaker from another. And standing close to someone may be quite appropriate in some situations such as an informal party, but completely out of place in other situations, such as a meeting with a superior. Next, posture. Posture means the way in which someone holds his or her body, especially the back, shoulders and head, when standing, walking orsitting. A few examples. Hunched shoulders and a hanging head give a powerful indication of whether the person is happy or not. A lowered head when speaking to a superior, with or without eye contact, can convey the appropriate relationship in some cultures. On the other hand, direct level eye contact changes the nature of interaction, and can been seen as either open or challenging. Last, echoing. Now, what is echoing? Let me start with an example. Some of you may have noticed this phenomenon in your experience. When two people are keen to agree with each other, they would likely, though unconsciously, adopt the same posture, as if an imitation of each other. They sit or stand in the same manner. When used in this way, echoing appears to complement the verbal communication. Of course, when such imitation is carried out consciously, it often indicates that someone is marking at another speaker. Ok, in today's lecture, we looked at some paralinguistic features, such as tone of voice, gesture and posture. These features, together with linguistic features of language, like grammar or vocabulary, are all part of the way we communicate with each other in face to face encounters. In our next lecture, we'll watch some video material, and see how people actually use paralinguistic means in communication to express their intention or desire or mood.SECTION B INERVIEWF: The word diversity has become a cliché in the United States today. It seems to me that nowadays Americans cannot turn on the television or read a newspaper without seeing the word pop out somewhere as a description of American demographic. Then what is this diversity in the US? Today we're very pleased to have Dr. Jeans Johnson here on our talk show. Welcome Dr. Johnson.M: Thanks!F: Dr. Johnson, we know you have done extensive research on diversity. So what is, how do you define diversity in the American context?M: Well, at one time, the US was called the melting pot, you know, which means that people of many different religions, cultures and races could share their traditional cultural identities and blend into one homogenous nation.F: And am I right in saying that melting pot was emphasizing the idea of all-in-one or being the same? M: Yes, you may say so. Eh, of course, when the phrase melting-pot was popular, there was also the idea of being different. But being different then simply meant Catholic as opposed to protestant or Irish as opposed to Swedish or Italian.F: Has the idea of being different changed over the years?M: Yes, of course. You see, today we use the word diversity to refer to more visible ethnic differences: Asian American, African American and Latino, for instance. And religious diversity refers to the variety of world religions, not merely different branches of Christianity.F: And now is America as a whole truly diverse?M: Well, I think in all this talk about diversity, there was a critical point that may be missed, that is, diversity is not occurring everywhere in the US, or at least not to a degree that would alter the demography of every region of the country.F: Oh, really?M: I can give you an example. Recently a New York Times article describes the town Selinsgrove inPennsylvania. You see in the last ten years, things have barely changed at that town. The population has dropped by one, from 5,384 to 5,383 and the town remains virtually 100% white. The article thus concludes that many portions of the country remain, like Selinsgrove, virtually unchanged on its march towards diversity.F: So regions vary in terms of the degree and types of diversity?M: That's correct. Let's say there are three types of diversity in the US and they differ from region to region.F: Could you elaborate on that?M: Ok, the first is racial diversity. States with the most racially diverse populations stand in stark contrast to those of the least racially diverse populations. Ah, let's look at the two states, California and Maine. From 1990 to 2000 California's Caucasian population, meaning non-Hispanic whites, declined from 57% to 48%. By 2025 it is predicted that figure will drop to just 34%, which indicates the future change in racial composition of California. On the contrary, Maine's Caucasian population was 98% of its total population throughout the 1990s, and by 2025 Maine's population will still be 97% Caucasian, which means virtually no change in Maine's racial diversity over the next 20 or so years.F: This shows that racial diversity is not occurring everywhere. Then what about other types of diversity?M: Right. The second type of diversity is age diversity. There are some interesting age gaps developing between states. For example, there is a large gap between the average age of the five states with the youngest populations and the five states with the oldest populations. This, of course, is well-known. What is less discussed is the difference between the racial make-up of younger and older populations. Most of the populations having the greatest racial diversity are younger on average than the populations with greater Caucasian representation. It is also well-known that Caucasians tend to be more affluent than other ethnic groups on average. In our pay-as-you-go social security system, workers are taxed to pay the benefits of retirees. So this could lead to a future where wealth is systematically redistributed from younger, poorer minorities to older, wealthier whites.F: This is a very interesting point. Then what is the third type of diversity in the US?M: The third is religious diversity. Immigration from India, Pakistan and Middle East poured radically increased numbers of Hindus and Muslims to the US, and Chinese, Vietnamese and Japanese and other Asian immigrants increased the numbers of Buddhists.F: Oh, I see.M: But the point is that this religion didn't settle everywhere. They settled mainly in California, and major northeastern and mid-western cities such as New York, Philadelphia, Chicago and Minneapolis. From 1990 to 2000, the number of Muslims in New York City grew from 600,000 to nearly 1 million. In the Los Angles area, there are now more than 300 Buddhist temples.F: So we see that many parts of the US are truly becoming more diverse while at the same time others are essentially remaining the same in terms of race, age and religion.M: Yes, that is true.F: Ok, Dr. Johnson, thank you very much for coming on the show and talking to us.M: My pleasure!SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST1. Japan will start an aggressive push to market abroad its mobile technology, especially the nation's popular wallet phone, a government official said Tuesday.Although Japan boasts some of the most sophisticated cell phones in the world, the nation has failed to make its handsets, wireless technology and mobile services hits outside of Japan.Among the wireless innovations Japan hopes to peddle is the wallet phone. The technology relies on a tiny computer chip embedded in each cell phone, whichcommunicates with a reader device at stores, train stations and vending machines for cashless payment.This tiny computer chip was developed by Japanese electronics and entertainment company Sony Corp.2. Zimbabwe's inflation rate has soared in the past three months and is now at 11.2 million percent, the highest in the world. According to the country's Central Statistical Office, official figures dated Monday show inflation has surged from the rate of 2.2 million percent recorded in May, despite the government's price controls.The country's finance minister confirmed the new figure in an interview but said the rising inflation rate was not confined to Zimbabwe alone.In February, the price of a loaf of bread in the country was less than 200,000 Zimbabwe dollars. On Monday, that same loaf of bread cost 1.6 trillion Zimbabwe dollars.Analysts have said the Zimbabwean government's official inflation rate figures are conservative. Last week, one of Zimbabwe's leading banks, Kingdom Bank, said the country's inflation rate was now more than 20 million percent.The locally-owned bank predicted tougher times ahead for Zimbabwe in the absence of donor support and foreign investment in an economy that has been in freefall for almost a decade.3. A large fire erupted Tuesday in Egypt's parliament and five people were hospitalized for smoke inhalation, official said. There was no official word on the cause of the blaze, which ravaged the 19th-century palace where the parliament's upper house was located. Dozens of fire trucks were at the scene. While firefighters focused on one corner of the building, the blaze burned heavier on the second corner, spreading to the second floor. Two helicopters scooped water from the nearby Nile River in small buckets,and dumped it onto the blaze. Evacuated employees said authorities told them that they had ruled out terrorism and that an electrical short-circuit had likely sparked the fire. Those hospitalized included parliament employees and firefighters, said Ahmad Selah, the fire operation supervisor. The extent of damage is not immediately known. Egypt requires some fire safety measures in buildings, including fire extinguishers. But in general, the rules are not strictly enforced.。
北京语言大学2019年博士生考试申请考核制外语水平审核
北京语言大学2019年博士生考试申请考核制外语水平审核结果公示
序号 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108
英语
18
赵莉莎
英语
19
郑芳菲
英语
20
李罗希
二外日语
21
刘陈姣
二外日语
22
王蕾
二外法语
23
泽仁拉姆
二外梵语
24
常颖
英语
25
高云鹏
英语
26
姜澍
英语
27
李冰星
英语
28
王倩楠
英语
29
王新
英语
30
修俊俊
英语
31 杨阳(报考崔希亮导师 ) 英语
32
于璐
英语
33
胡可
英语
34
马征
英语
35
蒲娟
英语
36
阳杨
英语
外语水平 CET-4(456) CET-6(443) CET-6(437) CET-6(546)/英语TEM8(合格)
免考
英语
CET-6(437)
免考
俄语
俄语四级(优秀)
免考
英语
CET-6(449)
免考
英语
英语TEM8(合格)
免考
英语
CET-6(合格)
免考
英语
CET-6(462)
免考
英语
CET-6(455)
免考
英语
2012年 西南大学国家公派出国留学研究生候选人预选名单
士 2009级硕 1988.3.30 士 2009级硕 1985.12.16 士 2009级硕 1989.3.20 士 2010级硕 1988.6.6 士
硕士生 2009级 硕士生 2009级
李洪军 TOEFL GRE 阚建全 IELTS
应用生物化 攻读博士 英国诺丁汉大学 学和食品科 G.A.Tucker 36 学位 学 攻读博士 丁晓雯 TOEFL GRE 美国麻省大学 食品科学 无 48 学位 李洪军 刘承宇 文旭 TLFEL IELTS IELTS 攻读博士 无 学位 攻读博士 英国利物浦大学 学位 攻读博士 加拿大温莎大学 学位 食品科学 语言学 教育学 无 48 TEM8 TEM8
派往专业 名称
心理学 心理学
国外导师
Kevin Dunbar
留学期限 (月)
36 36-48
备注
45 心理学院 112009306000716 张栎文 女 46 心理学院 112009306000784 47 心理学院 112009306000801 许爽 蔡頠 女 女
19880317 19860122 19860125
2009级
硕士生
6 文社院 7 文社院 8 文社院 9 文社院 10
2009级
硕士生
秦启文 王志章 王志章 王志章 张光先 张学敏 杨如安 邓章应 李永东
2009级
硕士生
2009级
硕士生
112009304000404 唐小晴 女 1985.11.11 胡玮 黄金 女 1988.06.06 女 1986.02.17
硕士生
派往专业 名称
音乐学 室内乐 音乐
国外导师
Hartmut Schick
留学期限 (月)
TEM8 句式翻译终极版(1)
Procedures
• 认真阅读,分析逻辑 • 根据逻辑,确定要翻译几句话,断句,合 句 • 确定每句话后,首先找准主干/信息重心, 然后再按照句子内部的逻辑关系,增添逻 辑结构,作为修饰语。
Practice
• 离开道路数十丈处有座大屋,屋檐下站着 一个中年文士,一个十一二岁的小孩。 • 主干??逻辑结构 • Under the eaves of a large house, some hundred yards from the road, a middle-aged scholar was standing with a ten- or elevenyear-old boy at his side.
Macro Level-Syntactical Level
• 结构差异 • 汉语隐形,即连接词很少出现或不出现,这 体现为意合(parataxis);
• 英语显性,即连接词出现,体现为形合 (hypotaxis) • 衔接显化—显性衔接---语法结构
Macro Level-Syntactical Level
Case Study for one sentence
• 就语言本身而言,并无大碍,但未注意到 英汉两种语言在风格上的差异,即英语 “形合”,汉语“意合”;英语逻辑外显, 汉语逻辑内敛。所以在翻译之前,应先找 出汉语的内在逻辑,随后将内在的逻辑显 化,再写成“形合”的中文,最后将其翻 译成地道的“形合”的英文。
Reviewing-Translation of Words
• 这是民国六年的冬天,大北风刮得正猛, 我因为生计关系,不得不一早在路上走。 a. It’s the winter of 1917. The wind was blowing hard, but I had to walk in the street to make a living. b. It happened during the winter of 1917. a bitter north wind was blowing but, to make a living, I had to be up and out early. √
人肿瘤内皮标记物8(TEM8)SV3重组异型体的构建及特点研究的开题报告
人肿瘤内皮标记物8(TEM8)SV3重组异型体的构建及特点
研究的开题报告
【题目】
人肿瘤内皮标记物8(TEM8)SV3重组异型体的构建及特点研究
【背景】
肿瘤内皮标记物8(TEM8)是一种特异性在肿瘤血管内皮细胞表达的分子,它与肿瘤血管的形成、生长、转移等过程密切相关。
因此,TEM8成为了研究肿瘤血管生成的关键分子,具有潜在的应用价值。
目前已有很多的TEM8相关研究,但是对于此分子的结构和生物学特性的研究还很少,仍然需要深入研究。
【研究内容】
本研究旨在构建TEM8的SV3重组异型体,并对其进行生物学特性的研究。
具体内容包括:
1.构建TEM8-SV3重组异型体的方法和流程。
通过基因克隆技术,将TEM8的SV3(splice variant 3)与适合表达、纯化和检测的基因载体进行重组,构建出TEM8-SV3重组异型体。
2.检测TEM8-SV3重组异型体的表达和纯化情况。
利用Western Blot和SDS-PAGE对TEM8-SV3重组异型体进行表达和纯化情况的检测。
3.研究TEM8-SV3重组异型体的生物学特性。
通过细胞实验和动物实验,对TEM8-SV3重组异型体的抗原性、免疫原性和生物活性等进行研究和分析。
【意义】
本研究将有助于深入研究TEM8在肿瘤血管生成过程中的作用机制,为开发TEM8作为新的治疗靶点提供了实验基础。
同时,本研究还为TEM8相关结构生物学特性的研究提供了新的思路和方法。
uPA通过TEM8诱导EGFR磷酸化的研究开题报告
uPA通过TEM8诱导EGFR磷酸化的研究开题报告题目:uPA通过TEM8诱导EGFR磷酸化的研究背景介绍:血管生成是细胞发育过程中的重要步骤,同时也是多种恶性肿瘤发生进行时的关键一步。
研究表明,尽管EGFR在正常细胞生理过程中非常重要,在恶性肿瘤的发生中出现过表达与异常激活的现象,因此成为一种常见的癌症治疗靶点。
uPA(u-plasminogen activator)是一种结合到TEM8(tumor endothelial marker 8)上的蛋白质,可以在恶性肿瘤细胞浸润和迁移的过程中发挥重要作用,在肿瘤治疗领域具有很高的研究价值。
已有研究表明uPA可以通过TEM8的信号通路来促进细胞浸润,同时也可以调节EGFR(epidermal growth factor receptor)下游信号通路来影响细胞的存活和增殖。
因此,研究uPA通过TEM8诱导EGFR磷酸化的分子机制对于深入了解这些蛋白质在癌症治疗过程中的作用和机制具有重要意义。
研究目的:本研究旨在探讨uPA通过TEM8诱导EGFR磷酸化的分子机制,为寻找癌症治疗新策略提供理论基础和实验依据。
研究内容:1. 核酸和蛋白质相互作用实验:通过生物化学方法检测uPA和EGFR之间的相互作用,并验证TEM8介导的蛋白质相互作用的存在。
2. 细胞实验:采用体外培养细胞,探究uPA通过TEM8诱导EGFR磷酸化的作用机制,包括信号通路、细胞周期调控和细胞凋亡等。
3. 动物实验:建立小鼠模型,探究uPA-TEM8-EGFR信号通路在肿瘤生长、转移和血管生成中的作用,为潜在治疗靶点的探索提供实验数据。
研究意义:本研究将探讨uPA-TEM8-EGFR信号通路在肿瘤形成和治疗中的新作用机制,为寻找新型癌症治疗靶点提供基础数据。
同时,研究结果有望为开发针对uPA-TEM8-EGFR信号通路的治疗药物提供参考,为癌症治疗提供新的方向。
【英语专八】98-08年英语专业八级考试真题翻译及参考译文
9808英语专业八级考试真题翻译及参考译文1998年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文C-E原文:1997年2月24日我们代表团下榻日月潭中信大饭店,送走了最后一批客人,已是次日凌晨3点了。
我躺在床上久久不能入睡,披衣走到窗前,往外看去,只见四周峰峦叠翠,湖面波光粼粼。
望着台湾这仅有的景色如画的天然湖泊,我想了许多,许多……这次到台湾访问交流,虽然行程匆匆,但是,看了不少地方,访了旧友,交了新知,大家走到一起,谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。
虽然祖国大陆、台湾的青年生活在不同的社会环境中,有着各自不同的生活经历,但大家的内心都深深铭刻着中华文化优秀传统的印记,都拥有着振兴中华民族的共同理想。
在世纪之交的伟大时代,我们的祖国正在走向繁荣富强,海峡两岸人民也将加强交流,共同推进祖国统一大业的早日完成。
世纪之交的宝贵机遇和巨大挑战将青年推到了历史前台。
跨世纪青年一代应该用什么样的姿态迎接充满希望的新世纪,这是我们必须回答的问题。
日月潭水波不兴,仿佛与我一同在思索……参考译文:The current visit to Taiwan for exchange, brief and cursory as it is, has enabled us to see many places, to visit old friends while making new acquaintances. Whenever people gather together, an important topic of discussion has been how the Chinese nation can become prosperous and powerful in the 21st century. Although the young people on the Mainland and in Taiwan live in different social contexts (environments / milieus), with their individually different experiences of life, in the innermost recesses of their hearts are wrought an indelible mark by the fine traditions of the Chinese culture. They all cherish the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation (They share the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation). In this great epoch at the turn of the century, our motherland is developing toward greater prosperity and powerfulness. People across the Taiwan Straits are bound to strengthen their exchanges and will mutually promote the earliest possible achievement of the great cause of reunification of the motherland. The precious opportunities and the tremendous challenges at the turn of the century have pushed the young people to the foreground (forefront) of the historical arena (stage). At this transitional phase between the two millennia, in what way the young generation should embrace the forthcoming new century replete with hopes is a question to which we have to seek an answer.E-C原文:I agree to some extent with my imaginary English reader. American literary historians are perhaps prone to view their own national scene too narrowly, mistaking prominence for uniqueness. They do over-phrase their own literature, or certainly its minor figures. And Americans do swing from aggressive over phrase of their literature to an equally unfortunate, imitative deference. But then, the English themselves are somewhat insular in their literary appraisals. Moreover, in fields where they are not pre-eminent — e. g. in painting and music —they too alternate between boasting of native products and copying those of the Continent. Howmany English paintings try to look as though they were done in Paris; how many times have we read in articles that they re ally represent an “English tradition” after all.To speak of American literature, then, is not to assert that it is completely unlike that of Europe. Broadly speaking, America and Europe have kept step. At any given moment the traveler could find examples in both of the same architecture, the same styles in dress, the same books on the shelves. Ideas have crossed the Atlantic as freely as men and merchandise, though sometimes more slowly. When I refer to American habit, thoughts, etc., I intend some sort of qualification to precede the word, for frequently the difference between America and Europe (especially England) will be one of degree, sometimes only of a small degree. The amount of divergence is a subtle affair, liable to perplex the Englishman when he looks at America. He is looking at a country which in important senses grew out of his own, which in several ways still resembles his own —and which is yet a foreign country. There are odd overlappings and abrupt unfamiliarities; kinship yields to a sudden alienation, as when we hail a person across the street, only to discover from his blank response that we have mistaken a stranger for a friend.参考译文:那么,要谈论美国文学,倒并非意欲断言,它与欧洲文学全然大相径庭。
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<MP>E 00:00.0 audio headE 06:44.5E 11:56.8E 14:16.2E 15:22.1E 17:21.3</MP>SECTION A TALKQuestions I to S refer to the talk in this section. At the end of the talk you will be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the talk.1. According to the talk, compulsive gambling and alcoholic addiction share similarities becauseA. no actual figure of addicts has been reported.B. no scientific studies have yielded effective solutions.C. both affect all sectors of society.D. both cause serious mental health problems.2. The development of the gambling compulsion can be described as beingA. gradual.B. slow.C. periodic.D. radical.3. G. A. mentioned in the talk is believed to be a(n)A. anonymous group.B. charity organization.C. gamblers’ club.D. treatment centre.4. At the end of the talk, the speaker’s attitude towards the cure of gambling addiction isA. unclear.B. uncertain.C. optimistic.D. pessimistic.5. Throughout the talk, the speaker examines the issue of gambling in a ________ way.A. balancedB. biasedC. detachedD. lengthySECTION B INTERVIEWQuestions 6 to 10 are band on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.6. What strikes the woman most about the male robber is hisA. clothes.B. age.C. physique.D. appearance.7. The most detailed information about the woman robber is herA. manners.B. talkativeness.C. height.D. jewelry.8. The interviewee is believed to be a bankA. receptionistB. manager.C. customer.D. cashier.9. Which of the following about the two robbers is NOT true?A. Both were wearing dark sweaters.B. Neither was wearing glasses.C. Both were about the same age.D. One of them was marked by a scar.10. After the incident the interviewee soundedA. calm and quiet.B. nervous and numb.C. timid and confused.D. shocked and angry.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTQuestions 11 and 12 are based on the following news. At the end of the news items, you will be given 30 seconds to answer the two questions.11. According to the news, the enormous food shortage in Iraq has the most damaging effect on itsA. national economy.B. adult population.C. young children.D. national currency.12. The WFP is appealing to donor nations toA. double last yearB. raise $122 million for Iraqi people.C. provide each Iraqi family with $26 a month.D. help Iraq’s 12 million population.Question 13 is based on the following news. At the end of die news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the question.13. As a result of the agreement, the two countries' arsenals are to beA. upgraded in reliability and safety.B. reduced in size and number.C. dismantled partly later this year.D. maintained in their present conditions.Questions 14 and 15 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 30 seconds to answer the two questions.14. We can infer from the news that ________ of teenagers under survey in 1993 were drug users.A.28%.B.22%.C.25%.D.21%.15. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. Parents are asked to join in the anti-drug efforts.B. The use of both cocaine and LSD are on the increase.C. Teenagers hold a different view of drugs today.D. Marijuana is as powerful as it used to be.SECTION D NOTE-TAKING & GAP-FILLING [17:40.6]Fill in each of the gaps with ONE word. You may refer to your notes. Make sure the word you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable.The Rise of RPHistorical reasons (grammatically and semantically correct)Received Pronunciation (RP) was originally associated with a _______ (1) spoken in the region between central England and London, including Oxford and Cambridge.Its survival was due to its use by the _________( 2) in the 14th century andby university students in the ________(3) Ages.Its rise in importance resulted from its application in government and official documents.The prestige of its _____(4) pattern of pronunciation came about with its use in ______ (5) schools in the 19th century.As a result, its ______ (6) is accepted by Television and the radio, the professions and teaching English as a foreign language.Three characteristics of RP1) its speakers don’t regard themselves as connected with any geographical region;2) RP is largely used in England;3) RP is a ‘class’ accent, associated with ________ (7) social classes.Its present statusDecline in the prestige of RP is the result of: a) loss of monopoly of education by the privileged;b) _____ (8) of higher education in the post-war period.However, it still retains its eminence among certain professional people.There is a rise in the status of all _______ (9) accents.We are moving towards the ___________ (10) position: general acceptance of all regional accents and absence of a class accent that transcends all regions.-- ☆ SitMan 助您征服外语☆ -- [生词摘录][要点摘录] ----难点句子记录于此[我的听写] ----可在此处逐句听写rp his. orig SE Londoncamox place of origdialet suvived power influ merchstatus official documentspublic school helpasso. BBCtaught in EFLqueen's Ewidely spokenchara- small no. of spkrs- large confined to ENgland- class accent higher soc. classRP standard inside ENglandtendency ---edu. people RP as a standardpublic school not monopolypostwar expansion of HEmost teachers not usenot mean lost magicprestige: banks,accent to foreignerspublic school X prestigeedu. accent --- radio, tv presentersrise of all accentmoving to American position, spkrs use regional accent [原文]。