2018版高考英语二轮(浙江专用)教师用书:第1部分 专题5 第1讲 类型6 感谢信 Word版含解析
2018版高考英语二轮(浙江专用)教师用书:第1部分 专题5 第1讲 类型5 求助信
类型5| 求助信
1.求助信要简明扼要,语气委婉、真诚,不强人所难,并尽量提供足够的信息,能使收信人愿意帮助你。
2.写作指导
(1)清晰陈述请求的内容或所要获取的信息;
(2)提出的问题数量不宜过多,要便于回答;
(3)解释收信人回信的理由并表示感谢。
(2017·杭州二中三模)
假定你是李华。
校学生会打算举办一个美国文化节,急需一些美国杂志。
请你给美国笔友Jimmy写一封e-mail求助,让他帮忙选购一些能反映美国社会、适合中国学生的杂志寄过来,并告知会承担相关费用。
内容包括:
1.求助的原因;
2.对杂志的要求;
3.费用。
注意:
1.词数80左右。
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
[习作评阅]——自我修改三档作文
[自我提升]——向极优作文迈进。
2018版高考英语二轮(浙江专用)教师用书:第1部分 专题1 类型5 新闻报道
类型5| 新闻报道考查要点方法技巧1.新闻的主题,即发生了什么事。
2.涉及的时间、地点、背景、人物等。
3.事件的起因、经过、结果、影响。
1.新闻报道的主题多在文章的开头处。
2.抓记叙要素,理行文线索,辨叙述方式。
3.要善于分析新闻的社会功能和意义。
(2017·浙江金华十校模拟)A Ushaped object,resembling a silvery dome (穹顶),is now under inspection by Russian experts,after being secretly removed under cover of night from the possession of villagers who found it.After discovering it on Sunday,locals from the village of Otradnesnky had managed to drag the “UFO fragment”from the thick forest where it had fallen.They loaded it onto a truck and took it through the snow to their village,where local inspectors then examined it before reporting to Moscow authorities.In an official statement,Sergey Bobrov,who found the object,agreed to keep it safe.But following their secret removal of the 200kilogram metal fragment (碎片),police have it under close guard on orders from unnamed authorities.The object has not had its origin confirmed yet.However,it does not come from a rocket or missile or be in any way associated with space technology,it has been announced.“The object found is not related to space technology.A final conclusion can be made after a detailed study of the object by experts,”said Roscosmos,the Russian space agency.Experts have also examined the object to determine whether it is dangerous.“We measured the radiation level near and inside the object.We found no radiation here,”said Yuri Bornyakov,who heads the rescue service department of the Kuybyshevsky district in the Novosibirsk region.“Part of the fragment is made of ultrastrong titanium (钛),”said Valery Vasiliev,the head of the KuybyshevskyDepartment for Civil Defence and Emergency Situations.A guess that it had come from a failed Kazakhstan rocket or satellite launch was also denied.“You can see inside it.All is open.It's empty.No danger here.We were asked to take and store it.We brought it here.And now we are going to wait until they come to take it if they need it,”said local police spokesman Sergei Sulein.24.The“ UFO fragment”was found .A.in the sky B.in the fieldC.in the forest D.in the sea25.We can infer from the passage that .A. the“UFO fragment”comes from outer spaceB.the fragment could be used to make a rocketC.the person who found it will get a reward from MoscowD.the local police will keep the“ UFO fragment”for a while26.What does the passage mainly talk about?A.A fallen“UFO fragment”in Russia.B.A UFO found by Russian villagers.C.An inspection of a“UFO fragment”.D.A report on a failed rocket.语篇解读:本文是一篇新闻报道。
2018版高考英语二轮(浙江专用)教师用书:第1部分 专题4 重点2 动词的用法突破
Ⅰ.动词的时态
自查自纠
解题分析
语法讲解
1.World Book Dayfalls(fall)on April 23 every year.
由every year可知,此处表示经常性的动作,应用一般现在时。
一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态;时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来;还可表示按时间表等发生的动作。
通过in 2010可知用一般过去时,新的法律应是被通过,故用一般过去时的被动语态。
一般过去时的被动语态的构成:was/were+过去分词
5.The woman was walking about outside the operation room,because her sonwas being operated(operate) on.
现在进行时表示说话时正在进行或现阶段正在进行的动作。其构成为“am/is/are+现在分词”。
7.Hewas looking(look)for a house when he saw an advertisement in a newspaper one day.
当时他正在找房子,突然在报纸上看到了一个广告。表示过去正在做某事应用过去进行时。
过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。其构成为“was/were+现在分词”。
8.Ihave been writing(write) an article all the afternoon and haven't finished yet.
整个下午我一直在写文章,现在还未完成,应用现在完成进行时。
根据since ancient times可知,应用现在完成时,Festivals and celebrations与hold为被动关系,故应用现在完成时的被动语态。
2018版高考英语二轮(浙江专用)教师用书:第1部分 专题2 模式2 设空在段中
模式2| 设空在段中考查要点1.段落主题句:有时段落首句只是引语,接下来的语句才是段落主题句。
2.解释、引申、例证类语句:对前面的论点或观点加以解释、引申或例证。
3.建议性语句:作者提出的解决问题的方法、措施或步骤。
4.句子间的过渡语句:为使上下文语意承接、转换自然,作者加入的过渡语句。
1.段落主题句[考题回放](2016·全国卷Ⅲ)There are many common methods used to cook fish. 40 First,clean it and season it with your choice of spices (调料).Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.(A larger one will take more time.) Then,it's ready to serve.B.The easiest is to steam it.[思路分析] 段落首句说“鱼有很多普通做法”并不是主题句,根据空格后面“如何蒸鱼”的介绍可知,空格内的句子“最简单的(方法)是蒸鱼”才是本段的主题句。
2.解释、引申、例证[考题回放](2017·浙江6月卷)How to Do ManontheStreet InterviewsThe manonthestreet interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot. 31 But with these tips,your first manonthestreet interview experience can be easy.D.For new reporters,this can seem like a challenging task.[思路分析] 此处是对a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interviewpeople on the sport进一步解释和引申,再结合后面的But with these tips,your first manonthestreet interview experience can be easy可知,D项“对于新记者来说,这似乎是一项具有挑战性的任务”符合语境。
2018版高考英语二轮(浙江专用)教师用书:第1部分 专题3 技法1 利用上下文暗示解题
专题三完形填空【考情展示·考向预测】(对应学生用书第54页)技法1| 利用上下文暗示解题在多数空白前后的上下文中,会出现或多或少的设空依据,就是所谓的“伏笔”或“暗示”。
学生在阅读过程中会根据这些伏笔或暗示,或顺势对下文进行推测,或逆向对上文进行推导,心中往往能预判出答案,并且在阅读过程中对预判答案不断进行修正。
[例1](2017·浙江6月卷)Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq.Her library used to be a 36 place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge.They 37 various matters all over the world.When the war was near,Alia was 38 that the fires of war would destroy the books,which are more 39 to her than mountains of gold.36.A.meeting B.workingC.personalD.religious37.A.raised B.handledC.reportedD.discussed38.A.worried B.angryC.doubtfulD.curious39.A.practical B.preciousC.reliableD.expensive解析:根据后面的for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge可知,她的图书馆是那些喜爱读书且喜欢分享知识的人集会(meeting)的地方;人们在图书馆相聚,讨论(discussed)世界上发生的各种事情;根据前面的When the war was near 可知,艾丽娅担心(worried)战火会把这些书毁掉;根据后面的to her than mountains of gold可知,艾丽娅认为这些书比金山更要珍贵(precious)。
第1部分 板块2 核心考点突破拿高分 专题5 第1讲 直线与圆(小题)
第1讲 直线与圆(小题)热点一 直线的方程及应用 1.两条直线平行与垂直的判定若两条不重合的直线l 1,l 2的斜率k 1,k 2存在,则l 1∥l 2⇔k 1=k 2,l 1⊥l 2⇔k 1k 2=-1.若给出的直线方程中存在字母系数,则要考虑斜率是否存在. 2.求直线方程要注意几种直线方程的局限性.点斜式、斜截式方程要求直线不能与x 轴垂直,两点式不能表示与坐标轴垂直的直线,而截距式方程不能表示过原点的直线,也不能表示垂直于坐标轴的直线.3.两个距离公式(1)两平行直线l 1:Ax +By +C 1=0,l 2:Ax +By +C 2=0间的距离d =|C 1-C 2|A 2+B 2(A 2+B 2≠0).(2)点(x 0,y 0)到直线l :Ax +By +C =0的距离d =|Ax 0+By 0+C |A 2+B2(A 2+B 2≠0). 例1 (1)(2019·宝鸡模拟)若直线x +(1+m )y -2=0与直线mx +2y +4=0平行,则m 的值是( )A.1B.-2C.1或-2D.-32(2)我国魏晋时期的数学家刘徽创立了割圆术,也就是用内接正多边形去逐步逼近圆,即圆内接正多边形边数无限增加时,其周长就越逼近圆周长,这种用极限思想解决数学问题的方法是数学史上的一项重大成就.现作出圆x 2+y 2=2的一个内接正八边形,使该正八边形的其中4个顶点在坐标轴上,则下列4条直线中不是该正八边形的一条边所在直线的为( ) A.x +(2-1)y -2=0 B.(1-2)x -y +2=0 C.x -(2+1)y +2=0D.(2-1)x -y +2=0跟踪演练1 (1)已知直线l 1:x ·sin α+y -1=0,直线l 2:x -3y ·cos α+1=0,若l 1⊥l 2,则sin 2α等于( ) A.23 B.±35 C.-35 D.35(2)已知直线l 经过直线l 1:x +y =2与l 2:2x -y =1的交点,且直线l 的斜率为-23,则直线l的方程是( ) A.-3x +2y +1=0 B.3x -2y +1=0 C.2x +3y -5=0 D.2x -3y +1=0热点二 圆的方程及应用 1.圆的标准方程当圆心为(a ,b ),半径为r 时,其标准方程为(x -a )2+(y -b )2=r 2,特别地,当圆心在原点时,方程为x 2+y 2=r 2. 2.圆的一般方程x 2+y 2+Dx +Ey +F =0,其中D 2+E 2-4F >0,表示以⎝⎛⎭⎫-D 2,-E 2为圆心,D 2+E 2-4F 2为半径的圆.3.解决与圆有关的问题一般有两种方法(1)几何法:通过研究圆的性质、直线与圆、圆与圆的位置关系,进而求得圆的基本量和方程. (2)代数法:即用待定系数法先设出圆的方程,再由条件求得各系数.例2 (1)(2018·天津)在平面直角坐标系中,经过三点(0,0),(1,1),(2,0)的圆的方程为____________.方法二 画出示意图如图所示,则△OAB 为等腰直角三角形, 故所求圆的圆心为(1,0),半径为1, ∴所求圆的方程为(x -1)2+y 2=1, 即x 2+y 2-2x =0.(2)抛物线x 2=4y 的焦点为F ,点P 为抛物线上的动点,点M 为其准线上的动点,当△FPM 为等边三角形时,则△FPM 的外接圆的方程为________.跟踪演练2 (1)(2019·黄冈调研)已知圆x 2+y 2+2k 2x +2y +4k =0关于y =x 对称,则k 的值为( )A.-1B.1C.±1D.0(2)(2019·河北省级示范性高中联合体联考)已知A ,B 分别是双曲线C :x 2m -y 22=1的左、右顶点,P (3,4)为C 上一点,则△P AB 的外接圆的标准方程为________________. 热点三 直线与圆、圆与圆的位置关系1.直线与圆的位置关系:相交、相切和相离,判断的方法 (1)点线距离法.(2)判别式法:设圆C :(x -a )2+(y -b )2=r 2,直线l :Ax +By +C =0(A 2+B 2≠0),方程组⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧Ax +By +C =0,(x -a )2+(y -b )2=r 2, 消去y ,得到关于x 的一元二次方程,其根的判别式为Δ,则直线与圆相离⇔Δ<0,直线与圆相切⇔Δ=0,直线与圆相交⇔Δ>0.2.圆与圆的位置关系有五种,即内含、内切、相交、外切、外离.3.圆上的点与圆外点的距离的最值问题,可以转化为圆心到点的距离问题;圆上的点与直线上点的距离的最值问题,可以转化为圆心到直线的距离问题;圆上的点与另一圆上点的距离的最值问题,可以转化为圆心到圆心的距离问题.例3 (1)(2019·长沙市长郡中学模拟)已知圆C 1:(x -2)2+(y -2)2=r 21(r 1>0),圆C 2:(x +1)2+(y +1)2=r 22(r 2>0),圆C 1与圆C 2相切,并且两圆的一条外公切线的斜率为7,则r 1r 2为________.(2)(2019·淄博模拟)已知直线l :y =-2x -m (m >0)与圆C :x 2+y 2-2x -2y -23=0,直线l 与圆C 相交于不同两点M ,N .若|MN →|≤2|CM →+CN →|,则m 的取值范围是( ) A.[5,5) B.[2,55-3) C.(5,55)D.(3,2)跟踪演练3 (1)(2019·柳州模拟)已知点M 是抛物线y 2=2x 上的动点,以点M 为圆心的圆被y 轴截得的弦长为8,则该圆被x 轴截得的弦长的最小值为( ) A.10 B.4 3 C.8 D.215(2)(2019·绵阳诊断)已知圆C 1:x 2+y 2=r 2,圆C 2:(x -a )2+(y -b )2=r 2(r >0)交于不同的A (x 1,y 1),B (x 2,y 2)两点,给出下列结论:①a (x 1-x 2)+b (y 1-y 2)=0;②2ax 1+2by 1=a 2+b 2;③x 1+x 2=a ,y 1+y 2=b .其中正确结论的个数是( ) A.0 B.1 C.2 D.3真题体验1.(2018·全国Ⅲ,理,6)直线x +y +2=0分别与x 轴,y 轴交于A ,B 两点,点P 在圆(x -2)2+y 2=2上,则△ABP 面积的取值范围是( ) A.[2,6] B.[4,8] C.[2,32]D.[22,32]2.(2016·全国Ⅱ,理,4)圆x 2+y 2-2x -8y +13=0的圆心到直线ax +y -1=0的距离为1,则a 等于( )A.-43B.-34C. 3D.23.(2019·浙江,12)已知圆C 的圆心坐标是(0,m ),半径长是r .若直线2x -y +3=0与圆C 相切于点A (-2,-1),则m =________,r =________. 押题预测1.已知直线x -ay =0与圆x 2+(y +4)2=9相切,则实数a 等于( ) A.377 B.-377 C.±377 D.972.若圆x 2+y 2=4与圆x 2+y 2+ax +2ay -9=0(a >0)相交,公共弦的长为22,则a =________.3.甲、乙两人参加歌咏比赛的得分(均为两位数)如茎叶图所示,甲的平均数为b ,乙的众数为a ,且直线ax +by +8=0与以A (1,-1)为圆心的圆交于B ,C 两点,且∠BAC =120°,则圆A 的标准方程为________.A 组 专题通关1.(2019·衡水质检)直线2x ·sin 210°-y -2=0的倾斜角是( ) A.45° B.135° C.30° D.150°2.(2019·黄冈调研)过点A (1,2)的直线在两坐标轴上的截距之和为零,则该直线方程为( ) A.y -x =1B.y +x =3C.2x -y =0或x +y =3D.2x -y =0或y -x =13.(2019·东北三省三校模拟)设直线y =x -2与圆O :x 2+y 2=a 2相交于A ,B 两点,且|AB |=23,则圆O 的面积为( ) A.π B.2π C.4π D.8π4.(2019·湘赣十四校联考)圆(x +2)2+(y -3)2=9上到直线x +y =0的距离等于2的点有( ) A.4个 B.3个 C.2个 D.1个5.(2019·黄山质检)直线2x -y -3=0与y 轴的交点为P ,点P 把圆(x +1)2+y 2=36的直径分为两段,则较长一段与较短一段的长度的比值等于( ) A.2 B.3 C.4 D.56.若直线ax +by +1=0始终平分圆M :x 2+y 2+4x +2y +1=0,则(a -2)2+(b -2)2的最小值为( )A. 5B.5C.2 5D.107.(2019·河北省五个一名校联盟诊断)已知点P 为圆C :(x -1)2+(y -2)2=4上一点,A (0, -6),B (4,0),则|P A →+PB →|的最大值为( ) A.26+2 B.26+4 C.226+4D.226+28.(2019·菏泽模拟)已知点P 是直线l :3x +4y -7=0上的动点,过点P 引圆C :(x +1)2+y 2=r 2(r >0)的两条切线PM ,PN .M ,N 为切点,当∠MPN 的最大值为π3时,则r 的值为( )A.4B.3C.2D.1 9.(2019·宝鸡模拟)设D 为椭圆x 2+y 25=1上任意一点,A (0,-2),B (0,2),延长AD 至点P ,使得|PD |=|BD |,则点P 的轨迹方程为( ) A.x 2+(y -2)2=20 B.x 2+(y -2)2=5 C.x 2+(y +2)2=20D.x 2+(y +2)2=510.(2019·德阳模拟)已知点P (-3,0)在动直线m (x -1)+n (y -3)=0上的投影为点M ,若点N ⎝⎛⎭⎫2,32,那么|MN |的最小值为( ) A.2 B.32 C.1 D.1211.已知圆C :x 2+y 2=1,点P 为直线x +2y -4=0上一动点,过点P 向圆C 引两条切线分别为P A ,PB ,A ,B 为切点,则直线AB 经过定点( ) A.⎝⎛⎭⎫12,14 B.⎝⎛⎭⎫14,12 C.⎝⎛⎭⎫34,0D.⎝⎛⎭⎫0,34 12.(2019·南昌模拟)已知A (-3,0),B (3,0),P 为圆x 2+y 2=1上的动点,AP →=PQ →,过点P 作与AP 垂直的直线l 交直线QB 于点M ,则M 的横坐标的取值范围是( ) A.|x |≥1 B.|x |>1 C.|x |≥2D.|x |≥2213.(2019·福建四校联考)已知直线3x +4y -3=0,6x +my +14=0平行,则它们之间的距离是________.14.(2019·天津市十二重点中学联考)已知圆C 的圆心在x 轴的正半轴上,且y 轴和直线3x +4y +4=0均与圆C 相切,则圆C 的标准方程为________.15.(2019·湖北省部分重点中学联考)已知O 为原点,过点P ⎝⎛⎭⎫1,-32的直线l 与圆O :x 2+y 2=5相交于A ,B 两点,若△AOB 的面积为2,则直线l 的方程为________.16.(2019·辽宁省六校联考)已知⊙O :x 2+y 2=1.若直线y =kx +2上总存在点P ,使得过点P 的⊙O 的两条切线互相垂直,则实数k 的取值范围是________.B 组 能力提高17.若对圆(x -1)2+(y -1)2=1上任意一点P (x ,y ),||3x -4y +a ||+3x -4y -9的取值与x ,y 无关,则实数a 的取值范围是________.18.已知圆C 与x 轴相切于点T (1,0),与y 轴正半轴交于两点A ,B (B 在A 的上方)且|AB |=2,过点A 任作一条直线与圆O :x 2+y 2=1相交于M ,N 两点,下列三个结论:①|NA ||NB |=|MA ||MB |;②|NB ||NA |-|MA ||MB |=2;③|NB ||NA |+|MA ||MB |=2 2.其中正确结论的序号是________.。
2018高三英语浙江专版一轮复习教师用书第1部分 选修6
Unit 2Poems[核心词汇]1.convey v t. 传达;运送2.concrete adj.具体的3.flexible adj.灵活的;可弯曲的;柔顺的4.pattern n.模式;式样;图案5.tease v i.&v t. 取笑;招惹;戏弄6.endless adj.无穷的;无止境的7.branch n.枝条;支流;部门8.eventually ad v. 最后;终于9.sorrow n.悲伤;悲痛;懊悔10.exchange n.交换;交流;互换v t.&v i.调换;交换11.sponsor n.赞助人;主办者;倡议者v t.发起;举办;倡议12.load n.负担;负荷物(尤指沉重的) [拓展词汇]13.transform v i.&v t. 转化;转换;改造;变换→transformation n.转换14.scholar n.学者→scholarship n.奖学金;学问;学术成就15.translate v. 翻译→translation n.翻译;译文→translator n.译员;翻译家16.appropriate adj.适当的;正当的→inappropriate(反义词)adj.不适当的17.warm adj温暖的;暖和的→warmly ad v. 热情地;热烈地→warmth n.暖和;温暖18.dark adj.黑暗的→darkness n.黑暗;漆黑1.take it easy轻松;不紧张;从容;休息2.in particular 尤其;特别3.hold on 别挂断;继续;坚持;保持4.stay up 熬夜5.run out of 用完6.be made up of 由……构成7.try out 测试;试验8.let out 发出;放走many books to read 点释4个考纲单词convey vt. 传达;运送[小试身手] 单句语法填空①Pipes conveys hot water the boiler the radiators.管道把热水从锅炉送到散热器里。
浙江专用2018版高考英语二轮教师用书:第1部分 专题5 第1讲 类型3 申请信(含解析)
类型3| 申请信
1.申请信的写作要求
(1)应符合英语信件的格式,表达方式符合英语习惯;
(2)申请人的语气要自信而不傲慢,礼貌而不卑微,即不卑不亢,恰如其分;
(3)应写得简明流畅,言简意赅。
2.申请信写法
开头:说明写信目的(申请原因),信息来源,对所申请工作或学校的认识,自己的打算。
主体:着重介绍自己的背景(教育情况,工作经历,兴趣爱好,特长等)。
求职信先介绍
工作经验,要突出个人能力及工作业绩;求学信要重点介绍自己受教育程度。
总之,
要努力使自己的介绍引起对方的兴趣。
结尾:表达自己的愿望,如希望得到面试机会等,语气要自信而坚定。
(2017·温州十校模拟)
假定你是李华,是一名即将高中毕业的学生,现在你要申请攻读某大学的英语系本科专业。
请根据以下要点写一封申请信。
1.自我简介;
2.该大学英语系全国闻名;
3.你的特长和学习成绩。
注意:
1.申请信应包括上述所有要点,并作适当发挥,使短文内容连贯完整;
2.字数:80左右;
3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Sir,
My name's Li Hua,a Senior 3 graduating student.
Looking forward to your early reply soon.Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua [习作评阅]——自我修改三档作文
[自我提升]——向极优作文迈进。
2018版高考英语二轮(浙江专用)教师用书:第1部分 专题5 第1讲 类型4 邀请信
类型4| 邀请信
1.邀请信是邀请亲朋好友或知名人士、专家等参加某项活动时所发的邀约性书信。
在国际交往以及日常的各种社交活动中,这类书信使用广泛。
2.一般邀请信具有简短、热情的特点。
格式一般为:
(1)说明与收信人的相关性与写作意图;
(2)具体交代情景:包括受邀请的人,邀请朋友干什么、地点以及具体
的时间等内容。
并且强调为什么邀请收信人而不是别的朋友;
(3)表示期待朋友的回复。
(2017·金丽衢十二校5月联考)
假如你是高三学生李越。
请代表你班同学给新来的外教John发一封邮件,主要内容包括:
1.邀请他周末和同学打球;
2.之后请他一起用晚餐;
3.请教如何提高英语成绩。
注意:
1.词数80左右,开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear John,
I'm Li Yue,one of your students from Grade Three.
Looking forward to joining us!
Yours sincerely,
Li Yue [习作评阅]——自我修改三档作文
[自我提升]——向极优作文迈进。
浙江专用2018版高考英语二轮教师用书:第1部分 专题2 技法3 依据全文或段落的“主题”线索(含解析)
技法3| 依据全文或段落的“主题”线索文章通常会围绕一个中心主题展开论述说明,这个主题一般位于文章的首段或末段,仔细阅读文章的首段和末段,就能快速抓住文章的主题,明白本文将探讨哪方面的内容,有利于我们归纳概括文章的标题或主题。
1.概括“论据”和“结论”,得出“论点”(2016·浙江10月卷)●34 Remember,they're there to help you be the best that you canbe.Respect them and value their opinions,even if they annoy you sometimes.35.Keep in mind that they do the things they do because they care about you.You don't get to choose your teachers or your family,but you still have to put up with them.Learn how to deal with people now,because when you're an adult,you don't get to choose your boss or your coworkers,so learn how to respect them now.C.Be nice to your parents and teachers.[思路分析]此处为段落主题句。
根据后面的Respect them and value their opinions和You don't get to choose your teachers or your family可概括出,本段的主要论点是“要对你的父母和老师好”。
2.根据“论据”推导出“论点”[考题回放](2015·全国卷Ⅰ)38 Having confidence in yourself will help you make betterchoices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.A.Learn to really trust yourself.[思路分析]空格位于句首,根据文章结构分析应是“论点”,根据空格后的句子“相信自己会……”可判定选A项(学会真正相信你自己)。
2018版高考英语二轮(浙江专用)教师用书:第1部分 专题1 类型8 社会生活
类型8| 社会生活考查要点方法技巧1.社会生活中所遇到的各种机遇和挑战。
2.迎接机遇或挑战的观点和态度。
3.处理或解决问题的方式、方法。
4.人们工作、生活、社交的方式及其影响。
1.明确文章的体裁,把握文章的结构。
2.运用归纳概括等方法得出文章的主题。
3.明确事情的前因后果,找出问题的解决办法。
4.抓住诸多细节,推知文章的寓意。
(2017·浙江温州4月模拟)On Friday,March 13,28yearold Genovese was returning home from work.Approaching her apartment,she was attacked by a man.Though she repeatedly called for help,none of the people in the neighborhood helped.The attack began at 3:20 am,but it was not until 3:50 am that someone first called the police.This is a most typical example of the bystander effect in psychology.The term bystander effect refers to the phenomenon in which the greater the number of people present is,the less likely people are to help a person in need.Two major factors contribute to the bystander effect.First,the presence of other people creates diffusion (分散) of responsibility.With other observers around,individuals (个体) do not feel much pressure to take action,since the responsibility to take action is thought to be shared among those present.The second reason is the need to behave in correct and socially acceptable ways.When other observers fail to react,individuals often take this as a signal that a response is not needed.Researchers have found that onlookers are less likely to act if the situation is ambiguous,where things are often confusing and not so clear.So what can you do to avoid falling into this trap? Psychologists suggest thatsimply being aware of this tendency is the greatest way to break the cycle.When you face a situation that requires action,you should understand the bystander effect and consciously(有意识地) take action.But what if you are the person in need of assistance? One oftenrecommended approach is to single out one person from the crowd.Make eye contact and ask that individual specifically for help.By individualizing your request,it becomes much harder for people to turn you down. 24.The story of Genovese is to show .A.the bystander effectB.the murderer's crueltyC.the neighbors' selfishnessD.the poor public security25.Onlookers fail to take action because the situation is .A.urgent B.dangerousC.tense D.vague26.What should you do when you need help from bystanders in an accident?A.Make a polite request.B.Turn to a specific person.C.Become aware of the tendency.D.Stay away from possible danger.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了旁观者效应。
浙江专用2018版高考英语二轮教师用书:第1部分 专题1 类型2 故事轶闻(含解析)
类型2| 故事轶闻考查要点方法技巧1.故事发生的背景、经过、结局。
2.情节、人物或事件之间的关系。
3.蕴含的哲理意义、风趣幽默。
1.理清叙事的顺序,是顺叙、倒叙还是插叙。
2.把握故事发生的主线,抓住情节、情感两条主线索。
3.领会故事细节与主题的关系。
(2016·浙江10月卷·A)Suddenly another thought went through Kate's mind like an electric shock.An express train was due to go past about thirty minutes later.If it were not stopped,that long train,full of passengers,would fall into the stream.“Someone must go to the station and warn the station-master,”Kate thought.But who was to go? She would have to go herself.There was no one else.In wind and rain she started on her difficult way.Soon she was at the bridge that crossed the Des Moines River,a bridge also built of wood,just like the bridge across Honey Creek.The storm had not washed this away,but there was no footpath across it.She would have to cross it by stepping from sleeper(枕木) to sleeper.With great care she began the dangerous crossing,sometimes on her hands and knees,hardly daring to look down between the sleepers into the wild flood waters below.If she should slip,she would fall between the sleepers,into the rapidly flowing stream.At last —she never knew how long it had taken her-she felt solid ground under her feet.But there was no time to rest.She still had to run more than half a mile and had only a few minutes left.Unless she reached the station before the express did,many,many lives would be lost.She did reach the station just as the train came into sight.Fortunately the station-master was standing outside.“The bridge is down! Stop the train! Oh,please stop it!” Kate shouted breathlessly.The stationmaster went pale.He rushed into the station building and came back with a signal light.He waved the red light as the train came into the station.It was not a second too early. 21.What did Kate decide to do?A.Stop the express train.B.Check the signal light.C.Meet the passengers. D.Visit the stationmaster.22.Which of the following words best describes Kate's journey?A.Fruitless.B.Boring.C.Wellplanned. D.Risky.23.Why did the station-master turn pale?A.He suddenly fell ill.B.He realized the danger.C.He discovered his mistake.D.He became overexcited.语篇解读:本文主要讲述的是在暴雨中一座铁路桥被冲垮了,凯特冒着巨大的危险将这个消息报告给火车站站长,及时避免了一场车毁人亡的灾难。
浙江专用2018版高考英语二轮教师用书:第1部分 专题3 技法6 利用语法和句法结构解题(含解析)
技法6| 利用语法和句法结构解题完形填空会有个别设空是考查在语境中灵活运用所学语法和句法结构的能力,辨析同义词、近义词的能力。
正确分析句子的语法成分和结构,具备扎实的词汇基础知识是解题的关键。
[例1](2016·浙江10月卷)After a long 51 —he said yes.He thought he would make more money if he gave them 52 food.I asked him,“Did you fool the chickens?”51.A.silence B.absenceC.negotiationD.preparation52.A.heavy B.fresherC.lessD.solid解析:根据前面的make more money可知,他认为如果给它们更少(less)的食物,他就会挣到更多的钱,故52题选C。
[例2](2015·天津高考)We finally did and it was 20 at first sight.It was Our Home,small and charming,overlooking a quiet lake.Walking through the rooms and talking with the owners,a nice elderly couple,we felt the warmth and 21 of the marriage within that home.As perfect as it was,the price remained too high for us.But every day,we would sit by the lake,looking at the house and dreaming of 22 it would be like to live there.20.A.relief B.concernC.loveD.curiosity21.A.pride B.happinessC.challengeD.desire22.A.which B.whyC.thatD.what解析:21题考查词义辨析,由空前的warmth and可知此空应该填与warmth并列的词且都是表积极态度的词,选项中只有happiness符合,故选B。
2018版高考英语二轮(浙江专用)教师用书:第1部分 专题1 模式2 主旨大意题
模式2| 主旨大意题[例1](2017·浙江6月卷·A)Benjamin West,the father of American painting,showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age.But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one.In those days,a brush was made from camel's hair.There were no camels nearby.Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead.He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.…In the city,Mr.Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.The boy began a landscape (风景) painting.William Williams,a wellknown painter,came to see him work.Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home.The books were long and dull.Benjamin could read only a little,having been a poor student.But he later said,“Those two books were my companions by day,and under my pillow at night.”While it is likely that he understood very little of the books,they were his introduction to classical paintings.The nineyearold boy decided then that he would be an artist.21. What is the text mainly about?A.Benjamin's visit to Philadelphia.B.Williams' influence on Benjamin.C.The beginning of Benjamin's life as an artist.D.The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.21.C[考查主旨大意。
浙江专用2018版高考英语二轮教师用书:第1部分 专题5 第2讲 读后续写(含解析)
第2讲读后续写【考情展示·考向预测】(对应学生用书第89页)读后续写作为浙江英语高考新题型,是一种常见的“给材料作文”,它要求学生在阅读完一篇还未写完的文章之后,根据所给出的开头语和关键词语把这篇未写完的文章补充完整。
读后续写要紧扣文章前文所述,去推想之后可能出现的情况,要展开合理、充分的想象,构思适当的情节,写成一篇完整的文章。
读后续写有助于培养学生的想象能力、创新思维能力和语言表达能力。
[选材特点]1.所需阅读的短文词数在350以内;2.多以记叙文故事类文章或者夹叙夹议类文章为主,故事情节有曲折、有起伏,但是,故事线索的逻辑性比较强。
[评分参考]阅卷时主要考虑以下内容:1.与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度;2.内容的丰富性和对所给关键词语的覆盖情况;3.应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性;4.上下文的连贯性。
注意:1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右(词数少于130的,从总分中减去2分);2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语;3.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好;4.续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
[写作步骤]1.精读文章,确定文章线索,如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等,这有利于“顺藤摸瓜”。
2.仔细审题,明确续写要求,如字数限制、使用几处下划线关键词语、续写段落的首句提示等,做到“心中有数”。
3.回扣原文,想象续写内容。
快速回读短文,揣摩文章的思路,结合段首的提示语和划线词语提示,确定续写段落的内容。
4.拟写草稿,修改错词病句。
结合提示语和文中划线的关键词拟写出草稿,注意句子结构的多样性,语言的丰富性,上下文的衔接。
5.标出所使用的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语,最后誊写文字时,务必做到“字迹工整、清晰”。
[方法技巧]1.掌握所给文章的主旨意图及故事情节的发展方向。
这点至关重要。
只有把握了文章的主旨意图,才能很好地完成续写。
2.正确理解故事的脉络线索和段落结构,设计续写内容的基本框架。
2018高三英语浙江专版一轮复习教师用书第1部分 必修5 Unit 4 Making the news 含答案 精品
Unit 4Making the news[核心词汇]1.eager adj. 渴望的;热切的2.acquire v t.获得;取得;学到3.submit v t.递交;呈递(文件等) 4.inform v t.告知;通知5.meanwhile ad v. 其间;同时6.case n.情况;病例;案例7.accuse v t.指责;谴责;控告8.process v t.加工;处理n.过程;程序;步骤9.deliberately ad v. 故意地10.gifted adj.有天赋的[拓展词汇]11.demand n.需求;要求v t.强烈要求→demanding adj.费力的;要求很高的12.accurate adj.精确的;正确的→accuracy n.精确;准确13.assess v t.评估;评定→assessment n.评估;评定14.profession n.职业;专业→professional n.专业人员adj.专业的;职业的→professor n.教授15.admire v t.赞扬;羡慕;钦佩→admirable adj.值得赞扬的;令人钦佩的16.assist v t.帮助;协助;援助→assistance n.帮助;协助→assistant n.助手;助理;售货员17.concentrate v i.&v t.集中;聚集→concentration n.集中18.approve v t.赞成;认可;批准→approval n.赞许;赞成;同意19.appoint v t.任命;委派→appointment n.约会;任命1.concentrate on集中;全神贯注于2.depend on 依靠;依赖3.accuse...of 因……指责或控告……4.so as to(do sth.) 为了(做某事) 5.ahead of 在……前面6.be supposed to 应该;本应7.inform sb.of sth. 通知某人某事8.keep...in mind 记在心里9.get the wrong end of the stick完全误解;弄错10.have a nose for 对……有敏锐的嗅觉also he watched点释5个考纲单词assist vt.帮助;协助;援助[小试身手] 单句语法填空①My father assisted us (build)our new house.我父亲帮助我们盖新房子。
2018版高考英语二轮(浙江专用)教师用书:第1部分 专题1 类型1 人物传记
(对应学生用书第12页)类型1| 人物传记考查要点方法技巧1.人物最显著的性格、品德特征。
2.人物的重大、有影响的经历。
3.人物最杰出的功绩、贡献、成就。
4.人物成长的时代背景。
1.把握事件发生的时间、空间及顺序。
2.理清事情发生的背景、起因、过程及结果。
3.感悟人物的情感和心理活动。
(2016·全国卷Ⅰ·A)You probably know who Marie Curie was,but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below,who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams(18601935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addams helped the poor and worked for peace.She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need.In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson (19071964)If it weren't for Rachel Carson,the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans.Sandra Day O'Connor (1930present)When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School,in 1952,she could not find work at a law firm because she was awoman.She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and,in 1981,the first woman to join the U.S.Supreme Court.O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks (19132005)On December 1,1955,in Montgomery,Alabama,Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger.Her simple act landed Parks in prison.But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year,and kicked off the civilrights movement.“The only tired I was,was tired of giving in,” said Parks.21.What is Jane Addams noted for in history?A.Her social work.B.Her teaching skills.C.Her efforts to win a prize.D.Her community background.22.What was the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the law firm?A.Her lack of proper training in law.B.Her little work experience in court.C.The discrimination against women.D.The poor financial conditions.23.Who made a great contribution to the civilrights movement in the U.S.?A.Jane Addams.B.Rachel Carson.C.Sandra Day O'Connor.D.Rosa Parks.24.What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A.They are highly educated.B.They are truly creative.C.They are pioneers.D.They are peacelovers.语篇解读:本文主要介绍了100年以来历史上四位在不同领域做出杰出贡献的女性先驱。
浙江专用2018版高考英语二轮教师用书:第1部分 专题5 第1讲 类型1 书信电子邮件(含解析)
专题五写作第1讲应用文写作【考情展示·考向预测】(对应学生用书第79页)应用文写作是高考英语书面表达最常见的一种考查形式。
此类作文接近学生的生活实际,学生有话可说,能充分考查学生的真实写作水平。
常见的应用文有书信、电子邮件、通知、日记、便条、启示、演讲稿等。
而浙江英语新高考把应用文写作作为一个特有题型固定下来,主要是对书信和电子邮件的考查。
类型1| 书信/电子邮件英文书信通常由下列五个部分组成:1.信头(Heading)。
包括写信人地址和写信日期,通常写在信笺的右上角。
在比较熟识的朋友之间的通信,写信人的地址常可省略。
2.称呼(Salutation)。
指写信人对收信人的称呼,如Dear Xiaojun,写在日期下一两行,顶格写,称呼后面可用逗号,也可用冒号,一般用Dear...或My dear...开头。
3.正文(Body)。
这是书信的主体部分,即写信人要表达的内容。
正文一般在称呼下方隔两行处开始写,正文的首行左边一般留约5个字母宽的空白。
4.结束语(Complimentary Close)。
它是书信结尾的恭维话,相当于中文书信最后的“祝好”、“致礼”之类的话语。
如“Best wishes”等。
5.签名(Signature)。
签名通常签在结束语下方的中间偏右的位置,在签名的上方可根据写信人和收信人的关系写Sincerely yours/Yours sincerely(用于长辈或朋友之间),或Respectfully yours/Yours respectfully(用于对长辈或上级),注意开头字母要大写,末尾要用逗号。
(2017·浙江6月卷)假定你是李华,计划组织一次郊游,请给你的英国朋友Chris写封邮件邀请他参加。
内容包括:1.参加者;2.时间、地点;3.活动:登山、野餐等。
注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
[习作评阅]——自我修改三档作文[自我提升]——向极优作文迈进。
浙江专用2018版高考英语二轮教师用书:第1部分 专题2 技法1 依据“行文逻辑”线索(含解析)
技法1| 依据“行文逻辑”线索文章由段落组成,层次分明,错落有致,围绕中心话题展开。
各段、句之间形成一定的语义逻辑关系,有总分、解释、例证、并列、层递、转折、对比、因果关系等。
“七选五”阅读解题攻略之一就是要理清这些关系,并据此选出正确答案。
1.总分关系[考题回放](2014·全国卷Ⅱ)From my experience,there are three main reasons why people don't cook more often: ability,money,and time. 16 Money is a topic I'll save for another day.So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen.Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule:B.Ability is easily improved.[思路分析]空格前面提到了三个原因:ability,money,time。
空格后面提到了money是作者改天再讨论的话题,紧接着后面提到了怎样充分利用time,所以这里应该与第一项ability有关。
2.解释关系[考题回放](2017·浙江6月卷)Hit the streets with confidence. 33 Say,“Excuse me,I work for XYZ News,and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.”This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.B.As you approach people,be polite.[思路分析]根据段落主题句Hit the streets with confidence和后面的Excuse me,...and I was wondering if...和get people to warm up to you可知,B项“当你接近别人时,要有礼貌”是对主题句的进一步解释和说明。
2018版高考英语二轮(浙江专用)教师用书:第1部分 专题2 模式1 设空在段首
专题二 阅读七选五【考情展示·考向预测】(对应学生用书第42页)模式1| 设空在段首考查要点 1.小标题或段落主题句:如章首或段首设空,一般考查文章或段落主题。
2.注释小标题:如在小标题之后接着设空,一般是对小标题加以注释。
3.段落间的过渡句:如首段之后的段首设空,一般是考查承上启下的过渡语句。
1.小标题、副标题[考题回放](2016·全国卷Ⅱ)17Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants,flowers,patterns and masses of color.Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料).18.Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants.However,there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.One of them comes from our earliest years.A.Know why you garden[思路分析] 由该空所在位置可知这是一个小标题。
由其后内容“有些人可能认为花园……,有些人关心……。
然而,还有很多其他原因……”可知本段的主题应该是A项“知道你为什么要做园艺工作”。
2.主题句、主要观点[考题回放](2017·浙江6月卷)34 Each interview that you get on the street shouldn't be longer than ten minutes.As soon as you get the answer you need,move on to the next person.Make sure that as you go from interview to interview,you are getting a variety of answers.If everyone is giving you the same answer,you won't be able to use it.A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten.35.That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.A.Limit your time.[思路分析] 根据后面的Each interview that you get on the street shouldn'tbe longer than ten minutes可知,本段主要谈论的是“限制你的采访时间”。
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类型6| 感谢信
1.感谢信是重要的礼仪文书,是向帮助、关心和支持过自己的集体或个人表示感谢的专业书信,有感谢和表扬双重意思。
2.感谢信的写作格式主要分以下三个部分
(1)开头部分要明确对对方提供的帮助或赠送的礼物表示谢意;
(2)主体部分则需列举对方提供的帮助,说明该帮助所起的作用,或表
达对所收礼物的喜爱以及以后如何使用及收藏等;
(3)结尾部分需再次表达诚挚的谢意并问候对方。
假如你是一名失学儿童,名叫李华,你有幸得到在中国工作的Mr.Brown的资助,可以重返校园。
请你给Mr.Brown写一封信,内容如下:
1.收到钱和书后能重返校园,非常感激;
2.在老师的帮助下,学习有了很大的进步,受到老师的表扬和鼓励;
3.决心更加努力学习,取得更大的进步;
4.盼望见到Mr.Brown,希望他寄来一张照片。
注意:
1.书信应包括以上所有要点,可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
2.词数80左右;文章开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Mr.Brown,
I am writing to express my deepest gratitude for the money and books you sent me.
Thank you again for your generous help and best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
[习作评阅]——自我修改三档作文。