翻译笔记
最全面的英语翻译笔记
第一部分:数词的译法一、数字增减的译法:1.句式特征:by+名词+比较级+thanThe wire is by three inches longer than that one.这根导线比那根长3英寸。
2.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+to+n.译为:增加到。
或减少到。
Metal cutting machines have been decreased to 50.金属切割机已经减少到50台。
二、百分数增减的表示法与译法1.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+%The output value has increased 35%.产值增加了35%2.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+by+%Retail salses should rise by 8%商品零售额应增加3%The prime cost decreased by 60%.主要成本减少60%3.句式特征:表示减少意义的动词+to+%表示减少后剩余的数量By using this new-process the loss of metal was reduced to 20%.采用这种新工艺,铁的损失量减少到20%4.句式特征:%+比较级+than表示净增减的数量Retail sales are expected to be nine percent higher than last year.今年零售额与去年相比,有望增加9%。
5.句式特征:%+比较级+名词表示净减数The new-type machine wasted 10 percent engergy supplied. 新型机械能耗量净减10%6.句式特征:a + % + increase表示净增数There is a 20% increase of steel as compared with last year.与去年相比,今年钢产量净增20%7.句式特征:%+ (of) 名词(代词)表示净减数,数字n照译The production cost is about 60 percent that of last year.今年产值仅为去年的60%8.句式特征:%+up on 或over表示净增数The grain output of last year in this province was 20% percent up on that of 1978.去年粮食产量比1978年净增20%。
英语学习翻译笔记
For most students,writing more clearly and persuasively presents a great challenge.Many can write grammatically correct sentences and choose proper words .Few of them,though,focus on filling their essays with necessary information and details,let alon e organizing the information.翻译:对于大多数学生来说,非常清楚却有说服力的写作意味着一场巨大的挑战。
虽然,大多数学生可以写并且选择语法正确的句子和合适的词汇。
但是少数学生只专注于用必要的信息和细节完善他们的散文,更不用说组织信息了。
In order to make an essay convincing,students should know how to select the necessary informat ion and details.but how do you know what to include ? Information that can help students clarify and better convey their idears is certainly important . To figure out what this is ,you should make sure you understand the theme of the essay.Only after clearly understanding the topic can you choose proper reasons and examples to support your idears.翻译:为了写一篇令人信服的散文,学生们应该知道怎样去选择必要的信息和细节。
汉译英笔记
1.例子:现在必须采取措施来保护环境(表目的)分析:找主语->无主语,也就是无主句。
无主语:对应英文三种句型:形式主语、there be 句型、被动句型。
形式主语:It is necessary ['nesəs(ə)rɪ] /essential [ɪ'senʃ(ə)l] / imperative /ɪm'perətɪv/to take/ adopt measures to protect the environment.(不定式表目的)essential, imperative。
能用高级词汇就用高级词汇。
adopt: 有两个意思,采取采纳;收养;there be 句型There is necessity [nə'sɛsəti] to adopt measures to protect the environment.被动句型(找被动句型的主语-:措施)Measures should be adopted (taken) to protect the environment.特殊句型:是到做某事的时候了It is time to do sth.... 是到做某事的时候了It is high time to adopt measures to protect the environment.(更加地道)。
使用从句,从句使用虚拟语气,动词用一般过去时It is high time that measures were adopted to protect the environment确定句型、结构1)确定基准时态,能够避免犯大的语法错误比如:记叙文――一般过去时,以及他的变化议论文、说明文――一般现在时。
对照原文,首先检查译文是否正确的转述了原文的内容,是否有错译和漏译;其次,检查是否有语言上的明显错误,如:时态、语态、单复数、拼写、大小写、标点符号等,发现错误,及时改正。
(完整版)翻译笔记
第一次课好英文:主次分明,逻辑严密,主三次八(主则主句主谓主系表,次则从句名形介副非谓三各种短语)好中文:音调和谐,结构匀称,具体表现凡十:双声(声母相同eg 坎坷,迷茫),叠韵(韵母相同eg 彷徨,徜徉),叠音,双音节,四字格,对仗,平仄,量词准(找准比喻角度,活用动量词eg.一本芭蕉),动词活(eg.眉毛一扬,头发一甩general/specific words)活用动词四法:具体,高频,靠近,连用好译文:faithful and smooth 忠通脱读是文章对读没走样(content &style)翻译:技巧,语言比较,相关表达怎么学:reading-observing-imitating-producing(speaking & writing & translating)条件:三语让之间之外技巧全攻略:增减逆顺转类换正反拆合引申难增减-eg.汉译英代词增加逆顺-英文先主后客,中文先客后主拆合-英译汉多拆;汉译英多合引申-深宽抽象事物具体化1.风在吼,马在叫,黄河在咆哮,河东河西高粱熟,万山丛中游击健儿逞英豪。
Wind howling,horses neighing,the Yellow River roaring. Sorghum ripe on both banks, the guerilla soldiers are fighting bravely in mountains beyond mountains.2.广出猎,见草中石以为虎而射之,中石,没全族,视之,石也,因复更射之,终不能入矣。
(三个左右的动词合一次,取一个最重要的做谓语)Once out on a hunting trip, General Li Guang mistook a rock in the grass for a tiger and shoot an arrow at it. He hit it with such force that the tip of the arrow get inside the rock. Later he discovered it to be only a rock. Thus, he wanted to try shooting again but was unable to pierce it.3.松下问童子,言师采药去。
自考古代汉语 00536 书中难懂句子的翻译 笔记 复习资料
古代汉语难懂句子翻译41页蚤起施从良人之所之早晨起来,暗地里跟随丈夫到他所到的地方。
48页1、行李之往来,共其乏困。
2、为政以德,譬如北辰居其所而众星共之。
3、民不知礼,未生其共。
翻译:1、秦国使者往来,郑国可以随时供给他们所缺乏的东西。
2、以道德教化来治理政事,就会像北极星那样,自己居于一定的方位,而群星都会环绕在它的周围。
3、百姓不懂得礼,就不会有恭顺之心。
74页人各有好尚,兰荪蕙之芳,众人之好,而海畔有逐臭之夫出处:《吕氏春秋·遇合》。
“人有大臭者,其亲戚兄弟妻妾,知识无能与居者,自苦而居海上。
海上人有说其臭者,昼夜随之而弗能去。
”翻译:有人身体散发奇臭,他的亲族兄弟妻妾,包括所有认识他的人都无法和他呆在一起,他自己很烦恼于是住到了海上。
海上却有人喜欢他的臭味,日夜跟随离他不得。
喻义:一般用来比喻:癖好与众不同的人。
举例:三国魏·曹植《与杨德祖书》:“人各有好尚,兰荪蕙之芳,众人之好,而海畔有逐臭之夫。
”77页初,楚子将以商臣为大子,访诸令尹子上。
当初,楚成王想立大儿子商臣为大子,去征求当今令尹子上的意见,89页君子引而不发跃如也意思是说善于教射箭的人,只作跃跃欲射的姿态,以便学的人观摩领会。
拉开弓却不把箭射出去。
比喻善于启发引导。
104页踊【拼音】:[yǒng] 【字义】:1.往上跳:~跃(a.跳跃;b.形容情绪热烈,争先恐后)。
2.古代受过刖刑的人的鞋:履贱~贵106页君子周而不比小人比而不周意思:君子团结但是不搞帮派,小人搞帮派,但是不团结。
105页失时不雨民且狼顾天错过农时不下雨,百姓将疑虑不安。
狼顾:就是像狼一样不停地回头张望139页欲洁其身而乱大伦一个人想洁身自好却搞乱了最重要的伦常关系一般批评那些只顾着个人的名声,却不顾及国家大事的隐士.这些人往往在乱世的时候跑到深山里躲起来,怕出来做官把自己名声弄脏了,但是,自己不出来做事,那么百姓不是受更多的苦吗?139页卒使上官大夫短屈原于顷襄王终于让上官大夫在顷襄王面前说屈原的坏话卒:终于143页置人所罾鱼腹中放在别人所捕获的鱼的肚子里144页然后卑事夫差,宦士三白人与吴,其身亲为夫差前马这样以后勾践带领三百人到吴国,像臣仆一样卑贱地去侍奉吴王夫差,并亲身充当吴王夫差的马前走卒。
英语四六级考试译文笔记第1篇[学习]
英语作文写作及翻译老师笔记(四六级考试)1.为了保证每个学生的受教育权利,当地学校要满足有诵读困难的孩子的特殊教育需求。
receive education(2.受教育), local With a view to guaranteeing(1.为了保证)every student’s rights toschools need to meet the special educational needs(3.满足特殊教育需求)of the dyslexic(4.诵读困难的)children.1-with a view to (doing) something是一个固定表达,含义是“目的是,为了”with the aim of doing something 目的是,为了These measures have been taken with a view to increasing the company's profits.采取这些措施的目的是为了增加公司的利润。
外刊例句:Chelsea’s mission in the summer will be to strengthen further, adding morehigh-calibre players to an already capable squad, with a view to using this season’s success as a springboard to rejoining the European elite. (TheGuardian)可供替换的表达还有:in order to do something / with the aim of doing something注意:with a view to guaranteeing 不可以替换成with a view to protecting,因为protect的含义是to make sure that somebody/something is not harmed, injured, damaged, etc.本句是保证需求,因此protect不可与guarantee替换2-receive education是一个固定搭配,含义是“接受教育”,也可以写成get / have educationeducation[?ed.j?'ke?.??n]noun[S or U]ESSENTIAL■the process of teaching or learning in a school or college, or theknowledge that you get from this 教育;受教育获得的知识As a child he received most of his education at home.童年时他主要在家中接受教育。
经典英文翻译笔记
经典英文翻译笔记Things investigated, genuine knowledge acquired; genuine knowledge acquired ,thoughts purified; thoughts purified, hearts rectified; hearts rectified, personalities cultivated; personalities cultivated, families regulated; families regulated, the states well governed; the states well governed, the whole world will be in peace and tranquil.相见时难别亦难。
It is unbearable to meet as well as to depart.学不可以已。
青取之于蓝,而青于蓝;冰,水为之,而寒于冰。
君子博学而日参省乎己,则知明而行无过矣。
There is never an end to learning. The dye extracted from the indigo is bluer than the plant; so is the ice colder than the water. By broadly learning and constantly examining himself every day, the gentleman sharpens his awareness and makes fewer mistakes.学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆。
Learning without thinking leads to confusion; thinking without learning ends in danger.学而不厌,诲人不倦。
英语读书笔记带翻译
英语读书笔记带翻译.这个经常下。
(两种)There is often rain./It often rains here.2.我们很惊讶地在火车站看到西蒙。
We are surprised to see Simon at the train station.3.沿着这条路走,到红绿灯处,你就会看到那撞楼。
Go along this street to the traffic light,then you will see that building.4.老师来了,请停顿讲话。
Here es the teacher,please stop talking.5.三个穿警-察制服的人从车里出来。
Three man in police uniform get out of the car.6.突然一个大个子把他推进了厢式货车的后面。
Suddenly a tall man pull him into the back of the van.7.杰尔现在坐在我左边。
Jill is sitting on my left now.8.在一字路口向右转,你会发现入口处就在你前面。
Turn right to the cross, and you will find the entrance before yourself.9.这个强盗从大厦跑了出去。
This robber runs out of the building.10.我们走不同的路线好吗?Shall we take different routes?11.一个穿红色衣服的女孩站在街道的拐弯处。
A girl in red is standing at the corner of the street.12.当交通灯是红色是不能过马路。
You can't go acrothe road when the traffic light is red. 13.学不是很难。
研英语翻译笔记
研英语翻译笔记【词类活译】形容词介词→动词名词副词A well-dressed man ,who looked and talked like an American,got into the car. 译文:一个衣着讲究的人钻进了轿车,他的外表和谈吐都像是个美国人;【代词归位】代词所指的对象一般在前文找到,但是有些状语从句前置时,造成迷惑,指代的内容不在状语从句中,而是在后文;Pollution is the price we pay for an overpopulated,over-industrialized planet.When w e come to think about it ,there are only four ways you can deal with rubbish :dump it ,burn it,turn it into something you can use again ,attempt to produce less of it译文:当我们开始考虑垃圾问题时,我们只有四种对付垃圾的方法:倾倒,焚烧,让其变成再生材料或努力减少垃圾;【语态转换】被动语态首先考虑译成主动语态,其次保留原文的被动形式,再次灵活处理;若存在动作的发出者,通常译成主动语态,对于不言自明的发出者可适当添加,也可译成无主句;By the end of the war ,about 1,000 children had been rescued by the organization 译文:截止到战争结束,这个组织拯救了大约1000名儿童;The child is to be told not to touch the piano 译文:我们应该告诉孩子不要碰钢琴;About that project ,much has said but little has been done 译文:关于那项工程,说的多,做的少;也可译成“被......”,“遭到......(不好的事)”,“受到......(好的事)”,“由......”,“为......所......”,“把......”等This kind of insects was visited【攻击】 by a large colony of ants which could obtain a sort of honey from them;译文:此类昆虫遭到了一群蚂蚁的攻击,这是因为后者从他们身上可以得到一种蜜;2014年考研备考大全哲学类经济学类管理学类教育学类文学类【It is ...句式翻译】It is alleged that 据说... It is rumored that 据传... It is argued that 有人主张...It is to be discussed that 需要讨论的是... There is no agreement ...人们对此看法不一 It is necessary that 有必要... It is true that 诚然... It is likely that 可能...It is a mystery that 让人不解的是... It is common knowledge that 常识是... It occurred to me that 我突然想起...【状语从句】状语从句一般前置到句首,有时前置到所修饰谓语动词的前面;但结果状语从句和伴随转语从句一般不前置翻译;He pushed open the door gently and crept out of the room for fear that he should aw ake the baby译文:为了不惊醒孩子,他轻轻推开门,蹑手蹑脚溜了进去;I was never allowed by my parents to do things ass I wanted to 译文:父母从不允许我按照自己想要的方式来做事;New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past ,giving rise to new standards of elegance译文:就像以往那样,在将来,新的思维方式和新的思维对象一定会出现,并带来新的完美标准;The sense is growing that the Americans need to turn things round fast ,militarily and politically ,if they are to ensue that events do not get out of control; 译文:人们越来越强烈地感觉到:如果美国人想确保情况不失去控制,他们就需要在军事和政治两方面,快速扭转形势;If experience are planned and carried out according to plan as faithfully as the report s in the science journals indicate,then it is perfectly logical for management to expect research to produce results measurable in dollars and cents 译文:如果试验被计划并像科学杂志上的报告所表明的那样忠实地按照计划得以实施,那么管理方面期待着研究能够带来可以用金钱衡量的结果也是完全符合逻辑的;【定语从句】比较短的定语从句一般合译,即译成形容词“...的”;较长的定语从句常用分译法,即单独译成一个句子,此时要翻译连接词!多个定语从句嵌套时,常将第一个定语从句合译,后面的从句分译;对于“there be ”句型的定语从句常用融合法,即将从句作为主语的谓语;还有的非限制性定语从句有状语的含义,此时用状译法译成相应的状语从句; The people who work for him live in moral fear of him; 译文:在他手下工作的人对他惧怕得要死;The fine arts , such as painting and sculpture ,involve the production of works to be s een and experienced on an abstract level; 译文:像绘画和雕塑这样的美术,往往要求创作出能够从抽象的角度加以欣赏和感受的作品;There are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write 译文:在世界上有些地方,甚至现在人们也不会书写;He grabbed the letter from his rival that would prove him guilty in the smuggling case译文:他把信件从对方手里一把夺了过来,因为这封信可以证明他在走私案中的罪行;竹节式:A culture in which the citizens share similar religious beliefs and values is more likely to have laws that represent the wishes of its people than is a culture where citizens come from diverse backgrounds译文:有的文化中,公民们拥有着相似的宗教信仰和价值观;还有的文化中,公民们来自不同文化背景,前者比后者更有可能产生代表民意的法律;洋葱式:One of my friends got pregnant in her boyfriend’s hospital room while he was recovering from a terrible car accident which left him p artially paralyzed 译文:我有一个朋友,她的男朋友遭遇了一起严重的车祸,结果导致了半身不遂。
英语读书笔记十篇带翻译
英语读书笔记十篇带翻译MyRoomThisismyroom.Nearthewindowthereisadesk.Ioftendomyhomeworkat it.Youcanseesomebooks,someflowersinavase,arulerandapen.Onth ewallnearthedeskthereisapictureofacat.Thereisaclockabovethe endofmybed.Iusuallyputmyshoeundermybed.Ofcoursethereisachai rinfrontofthedesk.IsitthereandIcanseethetreesandroadsoutsid e.我的房间这是我的房间。
在窗口附近有一张书桌。
我经常在那做我的家庭作业。
您能看有些书,有些花在花瓶里,一把格尺和笔。
在墙壁在书桌有猫的图片。
有一个时钟在我的床上的末端。
我通常把我的鞋子放在我的床下。
当然有一把椅子在书桌前面。
我坐那里,并且我能看外面的树和路Skating Momboughtmeapairofskatingshoesatmyfifthbirthday.Fromthenon, Idevelopedthehobbyofskating.Itnotonlymakesmestrongerandstro nger,butalsohelpsmeknowmanytruthsoflife.Iknowthatitisnormal tofall,andifonlyyoucangetonyourfeetagainandkeeponmoving,you areverygood!滑冰妈妈买了我一双冰鞋鞋子在我的第五个生日。
从那时起,我爱好滑冰。
它不仅使我越来越加强,而且帮助我知道生活许多真谛。
我知道摔倒是正常的,并且,如果只有你能摔倒后再站起来,就是非常好! TheSeaWhatdoyouknowaboutthesea?Somepeopleknowaboutit,butothersdon ’t.Thesealooksbeautifulonafinesunnyday,theseaisverybig.Int heworld,thereismoreseathanland.DoyouknowHainanIsland?It’sr eallyverynice.Wecanseebeaches,treesandthesea.Wecanswimandvi sitalotofbeautifulplaces.海你对海知道些什么?某些人知道关于它,但其他不。
摘抄笔记翻译
摘抄笔记0304从前,郑武公在申国娶了一妻子,叫武姜,她生下庄公和共叔段。
庄公出生时脚先出来,武姜受到惊吓,因此给他取名叫“寤生”,所以很厌恶他。
武姜偏爱共叔段,想立共叔段为世子,多次向武公请求,武公都不答应。
到庄公即位的时候,武姜就替共叔段请求分封到制邑去。
庄公说:“制邑是个险要的地方,从前虢叔就死在那里,若是封给其它城邑,我都可以照吩咐办。
”武姜便请求封给太叔京邑,庄公答应了,让他住在那里,称他为京城太叔。
大夫祭仲说:“分封的都城如果城墙超过三百方丈长,那就会成为国家的祸害。
先王的制度规定,国内最大的城邑不能超过国都的三分之一,中等的不得超过它的五分之一,小的不能超过它的九分之一。
京邑的城墙不合法度,非法制所许,恐怕对您有所不利。
”庄公说:“姜氏想要这样,我怎能躲开这种祸害呢?”祭仲回答说:“姜氏哪有满足的时候!还不如早些给他找个地方安置了他,别让祸根滋长蔓延,一滋长蔓延就难办了。
蔓延开来的野草还不能铲除干净,何况是您那尊贵的弟弟呢?”庄公说:“多做不义的事情,必定会自己垮台,你姑且等着瞧吧。
过了不久,太叔段使原来属于郑国的西边和北边的边邑也背叛归为自己。
公子吕说:“国家不能有两个国君,现在您打算怎么办?您如果打算把郑国交给太叔,那么我就去服待他;如果不给,那么就请除掉他,不要使民生二心。
”庄公说:“不用除掉他,他自己将要遭到灾祸的。
”太叔又把两属的边邑改为自己统辖的地方,一直扩展到廪延。
公子吕说:“可以行动了!土地扩大了,他将得到民心。
”庄公说:“共叔段对君不义,百姓就对他不亲,势力再雄厚,将要崩溃。
”太叔修治城廓,聚集百姓,修整盔甲武器,准备好兵马战车,将要偷袭郑国。
武姜打算开城门作内应。
庄公打听到公叔段偷袭的时候,说:“可以出击了!”命令子封率领车二百乘,去讨伐京邑。
京邑的人民背叛共叔段,共叔段于是逃到鄢城。
庄公又追到鄢城讨伐他。
五月二十三日,太叔段逃到共国。
《春秋》记载道:“郑伯克段于鄢。
唐静翻译笔记(全)
考博翻译最难做。
(1)翻译是主观题。
(2)做翻译需要单词基础,语法基础,阅读基础和强大的汉语功底。
例:本次旅行有北京、上海等地。
This trip/travel/tour includes Beijing and Shanghai.(3)各所学校的命题非常不稳定。
[/p][p=30, 2, center]英译汉[/p][p=30, 2, center]考博翻译的概述[/p][p=30, 2, left]翻译你做过吗?做翻译不是看翻译Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe. 在联系不同的民族和国家方面,电视或许以前从来没有像在最近欧洲事件中其如此大的作用。
在联系不同的民族和国家方面,电视像在最近欧洲事件中起的作用之大前所未见。
[/p][p=30, 2, center]怎么做英译汉[/p][p=30, 2, left]One might ask why speculation is permitted when there is so real a danger of loss. The basic reason is that speculation can perform useful functions in the market equilibrium and encourages faster entry of more suppliers. If the price change lagged until after an actual commodity shortage had occurred, the fluctuation would probably be sharper and more sudden. Remedial supply action could not be further delayed. Similarly, if speculators foresee a surplus in some commodity, their selling of futures will help drive the price down to some extent before the surplus actually occurs. When speculators foresee a shortage and bid up the price, they are also helping to conserve the present supply. As the price goes up, less of the commodity is purchased; a rise in price encourages users to economize. Similarly, a lowering of price encourages users to buy more, thus helping to sell the surplus which is developing.[/p][p=30, 2, left] The Renaissance embraced, first of all, an impressive record of new achievements in art, literature, science, philosophy, education and religion. Although the foundation of many of these was classical, they soon expanded beyond the measure of Greek and Roman influence. Indeed, many of the achievements in painting, science, politics and religion bore little relation to the classical heritage. Secondly, the Renaissance incorporated a number of dominant ideas and attitudes that gave it the impress of a unique society. Notable among these in general were optimism, and individualism; but the most significant of them all was humanism. In its broadest meaning humanism may be defined as emphasis on the human values.[/p][p=30, 2, left]It was a term derived from Cicero, who used it in the sense of devotion to the liberal arts, or the subjects most compatible with the dignity of man. The humanists rejected the Scholastic philosophy with its preoccupation with theology and logic. They strove for a smooth and elegant style that would appeal more to the aesthetic than to the rational side of man's nature.[/p][p=30, 2, left]翻译的步骤:一、画竖线目的:初步断开句子结构,化繁为简原则:1、拆出主句,分清从句;2、拆出主干,分清修饰;最佳方式:找断句点(1)连词;(2)引导词;(3)介词;(4)分词;(5)to;(6)标点符号;[/p][p=30, 2, left](79)We accept and welcome, therefore, as conditions to which we must accommodate ourselves, great inequality of environment; the concentration of business, industrial and commercial, in the hands of a few; and the law of competition between these, as being not only beneficial to the future progress of the race.[/p][p=30, 2, left]二、写汉字:以每一小节作为单位来写汉字目的:初步了解每一个小结构的意思;[/p][p=30, 2, left](79)We accept and welcome, therefore, as conditions to which we must accommodate ourselves, great inequality of environment; the concentration of business, industrial and commercial, in the hands of a few; and the law of competition between these, as being not only beneficial to the future progress of the race.[/p][p=30, 2, left]三、连汉字目的:把每一小节连接成为通顺的句子;需要适当地调整顺序,或者把一些不通顺的词语替换掉。
翻译课笔记共享
同学们注意:翻译课没有课件,主要还是看课本还有老师上课讲的句子。
1、A translator has to know everything of something and something of everything.翻译人员搞学问,既要精通,又要渊博。
2、Adam’s apple 喉结Achilles’ heel 弱点3、Talk is cheep. 光说无用4、Evening came before we realized it.不知不觉间天色已晚了。
5、the land of milk and honey 鱼米之乡with the foreign trade as the locomotive/flagship以外贸为龙头6、It was an old and ragged moon. 这是一弯下弦残月。
7、I used to know some French, but I’ve forgotten it. It has found its way back to the teacher. 都还给了老师8、The lion is the king of animals.狮子是百兽之王。
9、He sank down with his face in his hands. 他双手捂着脸,无力的坐了下去。
10、He allowed the father to be overruled by the judge, and declared his own son guilty. 他大义灭亲,判决他儿子有罪。
11、A stream is winding its way through the valley into the river.一弯溪水蜿蜒流过山谷,汇入江里。
12、The wit of three cobblers combined surpasses that of Zhuge Liang, the master mind.三个臭皮匠……13、show off one’s proficiency with axe before Lu Ban, the master carpenter班门弄斧14、pumpkin eater 养不活老婆的人Swan song 辞世之作15、The blond boy quickly crossed himself.金发男孩迅速在胸前划十字,祈求上帝保佑。
翻译笔记
马克思白求恩高尔基斯大林狄更斯;费城饿狼陀;出水芙蓉魂断蓝桥teamwork 团队精神workshop 工作坊talk show 脱口秀cool 酷雪中送炭—to offer fuel in snowy weather一人得道,鸡犬升天—Even the dog swaggers when its master wins favor.“瓜田李下”来自“瓜田不纳履,李下不整冠”,译为Neither adjust your shoe in a melon patch, nor your hat under a plum tree.例1人们笑贫不笑娼。
People ridicule poverty but not prostitutes.例2放下臭架子to put down the smelly airsto shed the ugly mantle of pretentiousnessto shed down from one’s high horse。
例3做好采购工作Do a good job of procurement.抓紧养猪Firmly pig-breeding.胡子工程 a project with a beard街道妇女street women例1这个环境工程是个“民心工程”。
The environment-friendly project is a “popularity-winning” project.例2本公司顾客至上,质量超群,效率快捷,取价公道。
Our company always values its customers’ satisfaction in taking care of eve ry quality requirement and providing best speeding services in reasonable prices.例3这家公司在研制计算机软件方面在世界处于领先地位。
翻译文言文的笔记
原文:孟子见梁惠王。
王曰:“叟不远千里而来,亦将有以利吾国乎?”孟子对曰:“王何必曰利?亦有仁义而已矣。
王曰何以利吾国,大夫曰何以利吾家,士庶人曰何以利吾身,上下交征利而国危矣。
万乘之国,弑其君,百乘之家,破其臣,万乘之国乱,则有百万之家;千乘之国乱,则有千乘之家。
是以不患寡而患不均,不患贫而患不安。
盖均无贫,和无寡,安无倾。
夫仁者,爱人;义者,正我。
仁者无敌;义者,政也。
王亦曰仁义而已矣,何必曰利?”译文:孟子去见梁惠王。
梁惠王说:“老先生您不远千里而来,难道有什么好处可以给我的国家吗?”孟子回答说:“大王,您何必一定要说‘利’呢?只要讲究仁义就可以了。
大王您问怎样使国家有利,大夫们问怎样使自己的家族有利,士人和普通百姓问怎样使自己个人有利,上下都只追求利益,那么国家就危险了。
一个拥有万辆兵车的国家,如果国君被杀,那么拥有百辆兵车的家族就会被打破;一个拥有万辆兵车的国家混乱,那么就会有拥有百万家产的家族;一个拥有千辆兵车的国家混乱,那么就会有拥有千家资产的家族。
因此,不必担心国家人口少,而应担心财富分配不均;不必担心国家贫穷,而应担心百姓不安。
如果财富分配公平,那么就不会有贫穷;如果社会和谐,那么就不会人口不足;如果百姓安宁,那么国家就不会倾覆。
仁者爱人,义者正己。
仁者无所畏惧,义者是国家的政治。
大王,您也应该只说仁义就可以了,何必一定要说‘利’呢?”笔记:1. 孟子与梁惠王的对话,反映了当时社会普遍存在的重利轻义的现象。
孟子试图通过阐述仁义的重要性来引导梁惠王关注国家治理的根本。
2. 孟子认为,国家的富强不应以追求利益为出发点,而应以仁义为根本。
他强调,如果上下都只追求个人利益,国家就会陷入危机。
3. 孟子提出了“均无贫,和无寡,安无倾”的观点,即财富分配公平、社会和谐、百姓安宁是国家稳定的基础。
4. 孟子认为仁者无敌,义者政也,强调仁义不仅是个人修养的体现,也是国家治理的准则。
5. 孟子的这一观点对后世产生了深远影响,成为儒家思想的重要组成部分,对后世的政治家、思想家产生了重要启示。
【翻译笔记】Aging is a Drag
Aging is a Drag翻译笔记1.more......than的用法Example1原文:For the first time in history,the Earth has more people over the age of65than under the age of five.有史以来,地球上65岁以上的人口首次超过了5岁以下的人口。
分析:more…than后跟从句,than在从句中作主语或宾语,表示“难以……”或“比……多”。
Peter spent more money than was intended to be spent.彼得花的钱比原计划的多。
That afternoon they drank more coffee than had been our custom.那天下午他们喝的咖啡比通常的要多。
Example2原文:Slower growth in older economies is more a choice than an i nevitability.老龄化经济体增长放缓只是一种选择,并非不可避免。
分析:more…than后跟形容词、副词、动词、名词等,一般情况下,要求more 后部分和than后部分词类相同,但偶尔也有例外。
表示“与其说……不如说、是……不是、是……更是、有……无……”等。
①有时more…than后的可数名词用作抽象名词,不加任何冠词。
例如:He is more knave than fool.与其说他愚蠢无能,不如说他厚颜无耻。
(=He is more of a knave than a fool.)2、长难句分析:It found that①(a rise of10%in the share of a state’s population that is over60)cuts②(the growth rate of output per person by roughly half a percentage point),③with two-thirds of that decline due to weaker growth in productivity.研究发现,一个州60岁以上人口占总人口的比例每上升10%,人均产出增长率就会降低约0.5个百分点,其中三分之二的下降是由于生产力增长放缓。
【翻译笔记】The wisdom of sorrow
The wisdom of sorrow翻译笔记一、形容词的翻译根据语境,有些形容词是整句话的点睛之笔。
到位且贴切的翻译能够让读者豁然开朗,一下子明白句意;而平凡的译文则让人云里雾里,不知所云。
Example1:Your whole field is confused.你们整个领域都毫无头绪。
解析:confused原义是“糊涂的,困惑的”,这里如果翻译成“你们整个领域都很困惑”则力度不够,译文平平不够漂亮,所以这里我们把它处理成了“毫无头绪”,不仅能够表明句意,还能由此揣测出这个病人愤懑的情绪,简洁有力而传神。
Example2:She brightened up—and offered a few home truths about the psychiatrist’s profession.她心情振奋了些,对这位精神病学家的专业说了几句不太中听的大实话。
解析:home有一层僻义是“平平常常,没有什么特别有趣的地方”,情感色彩偏贬义,这里我们根据语境,这个女病人对这位医生说了几句话,而这些话是偏贬义的,就可以想到用“不太中听的”这一形容词的处理方式,十分巧妙。
二、适当断句翻译。
在句子结构较复杂时,我们可以采用将长句子切分成小短句进行翻译的方法,这样逻辑更清晰,句意更明了。
Example1:The patient who delivered this parting shot had a perpetual knot in the pit of her stomach.一位病人在离开时撂下这么一句话。
她郁结于心,终年难解。
解析:这句话其实主要有三层意思。
①,病人是在离开时说的前面那句话的②病人心中有结③病人的心结持续了很长时间。
如果我们将其糅合成一个句子,那这个句子将会很长很复杂,读者读起来也会很累,抓不住重点。
但如果我们按照逻辑结构将其分解开来,就会发现一个个小短句的罗列,句意明晰,形式简洁。
Example2:Humans may have“minds like the legs of racehorses,fast but vulnerable to catastrophic failures”.人类的大脑可能“就像赛马的腿一样,快是快,但一旦遭遇失败,后果就是灾难性的。
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【翻译笔记】《围城》英译选句—“大材小用原文:赵辛媚鉴赏着口里吐出来的烟圈道:―大材小用,可惜可惜!方先生在外国学的是什么呀?‖(钱钟书- 围城)翻译关键词:赞赏,烟(圈),大材小用译文:Admiring the smoke ring he had blown, Chao Hsin-mei said, ―A greattalent gone to waste. Such a pity! Such a pity! What did you study abroad, Mr. Fang?‖(美Jeanne Kelly, Nathan K.Mao <译> –Fortress Besieged)翻译笔记:赞赏虽然我们更常用admire来表示―钦佩;赞赏;仰慕‖,但这里的admire相当于―欣赏‖,即appreciate,其实这个用法也不见得新鲜,之所以拿出来讲,其实是想着重说说admire的用法。
话说偶常常发现有些童鞋很喜欢用admire接that引导从句,其实这样是错误的,admire后面接名词,但是不接that引导从句。
比如我们可以说I admireyour enthusiasm,却不可以说I admire that you are enthusiastic。
烟(圈)―烟圈‖译为smoke ring,smoke单独用时通常统指―烟‖,不指―一缕烟‖。
―一缕烟‖应该说成a cloud of smoke,不能说a smoke,因为a smoke指―一次吸烟‖或―用来驱虫的一次熏烟‖。
如:Clouds of thick black smoke billowed from the car's exhaust.从汽车排气管冒出一股股黑色浓烟。
Are you coming outside for a smoke?你是不是出来抽支烟?They are making a smoke to drive away mosquitos.他们正在用烟把蚊子熏走。
而smokes则指―烟雾‖。
如:We saw many smokes curling from the valley.我们看见许多烟雾在山谷中缭绕。
大材小用有时也作―大才小用‖,这里译为A great talent gone to waste,除此之外,我们还常译为big talent wasted on a petty job; not do justice to sb.‘s talents。
同类表达还有―屈才(do work unworthy of one‘s talents)‖。
―大材(=大才)‖习惯上译为great talent。
如:He is a great talent.他是个了不起的人才。
我们再来看看talent的用法,talent往往统指―才能‖或―有才能的人们‖。
如:sb.‘s talent as a film actor 某人作为电影演员的禀赋(才能)。
There is a wealth ofyoung talent in British theatre.英国戏剧界年轻一代人才辈出。
a talent是―一种才能‖,talents是―多种才能‖,都指智力而不指体力。
如:have a talent for languages (drawing) 有语言(绘画)才能a man of many talents 多才多艺的男子【翻译笔记】《围城》英译选句-笑的不同方式原文:张先生呵呵大笑,一面分付进来的女佣说:―快去跟太太小姐说,客人来了,请她们出来。
make it snappy!‖说时右手大拇指从中指弹在食指上―啪‖的一响。
他回过来对鸿渐笑道:―headache是美国话指‗太太‘而说,不是‗头痛‘!你没到States去过罢!‖(钱钟书- 围城)翻译关键词:laughter与laugh,笑的不同方式,snappy与snap译文:Mr. Chang roared with laughter. At the same time he instructed the maid who entered, ―Go and tell my wif e and daughter the guest is here. Ask them to come out. Make it snappy!‖ At this he snapped his fingers. Turning to Hung-chien, he said with a laugh, ―‘Headache‘ is an American expression for ‗wife,‘ not ‗pain in head!‘ I guess you haven‘t been to the States!‖(美Jeanne Kelly, Nathan K.Mao <译> –FortressBesieged)翻译笔记:laughter与laughlaughter在现代英语里一般只用作抽象名词,所以前面不用a,也没有复数形式。
如:To burst/dissolve into laughter 突然/情不自禁大笑起来laugh则用作类名词,前面可以加a,也可以用复数形式来表示。
如:to give a laugh 大笑一声文中的roar with laughter是惯用短语,表示―放声大笑,呵呵大笑‖。
此外,a…laughter或a…laugh都可以表示―(一阵)……的笑声‖。
如:A short/nervous/hearty laugh(ter) (一阵)短促的/紧张的/开心的笑声我们可以这样说:Listening to my story, he gave a laugh from time to time, I don‘t know how my story caused so much laughter.笑的不同方式*cackle 意为讨厌地嘎嘎大笑,尤指高声笑。
如:They all cackled with delight.他们都高兴得嘎嘎地笑。
*chuckle 意为轻声笑,尤指想到滑稽事时发笑。
如:She chuckled at the memory.想起这件事她暗自发笑。
*giggle 意为开心、难堪或紧张时发笑。
如:The girls giggled at the joke.女孩子们让这笑话逗得咯咯笑。
*guffaw 意为哄笑、狂笑、大笑。
如:They all guffawed at his jokes.他们听了他的笑话都一阵狂笑。
*roar 意为放声大笑,常用为roar with laughter。
如:He looked so funny, we all roared with laughter.他看上去那么滑稽,我们都哈哈大笑。
*snigger/snicker 意为窃笑、暗笑,尤指对无礼行为或因他人的问题或错误发笑。
如:What are you sniggering at?你偷偷笑什么呢?*titter 意为窃笑,尤指紧张或尴尬地笑。
如:That‘s enough of your titters, girls!姑娘们,别再傻笑了!snappy与snapsnappy是形容词,常用来表示―精练的,简洁的‖。
如:A snappy answer 简洁的回答文章选段中张先生对女佣说,―make it snappy(=look snappy)‖。
这是一个惯用短语,用于催促,表―赶紧,快点‖。
而snap的用法就多了,可做动词、名词、形容词和表感叹。
文章选段中的张先生snapped his fingers则是动词用法,指―打榧子,弹指头(捻拇指作响)‖。
【翻译笔记】《围城》英译选句-“懂做人的道理”原文:这孩子不错!他回国船坐二等,我以为他火车一定坐头等,他还是坐二等车,不志高气满,改变本色,他已经懂做人的道理了。
(钱钟书- 围城)翻译关键词:好孩子,本色,懂做人的道理译文:Such a fine lad! He came back on the boat in second class, so I thoughtfor sure he‘d go first class on the train, but still he went second class. He hasn‘t become haughty and proud and changed his true nature. He already knows how to conduct himself. (美Jeanne Kelly, Nathan K.Mao <译>–Fortress Besieged)翻译笔记:好孩子―孩子‖在这里用的是lad(也称laddie),―男孩儿;少年;小伙子‖。
the lads表示的就是―哥们儿‖。
与此相对,lass(或lassie)即―女孩;少女;年轻女子‖。
―好孩子‖的表达,除了a fine lad,我们还可以用a nice lad来形容。
本色―本色‖有两个含义,一是指―物品没有经过染色和原来的颜色‖。
二是指―本来面貌‖。
两种含义的表达方法也是不一样的,前者一般可以说成natural colour,而后者常说成true (or inherent) qualities (or nature); distinctive character。
小说很明显是要表达第二层含义。
比如―劳动人民的本色‖,我们就可以说true qualities of the labouring people。
懂做人的道理―他已经懂做人的道理了‖,译文为He already knows how to conduct himself―他已经知道如何管理自己‖,―他已经知道该如何待人接物‖。
这样中译回来难免听起来纠结,但原话这样的英译却是非常地道的。
作名词用表示―行为‖时,曾经有童鞋问过,behaviour与conduct意思相仿,该如何区分什么时候用哪个?我们在这里也详细说说:behaviour偏重在外表方面,conduct偏重在道德方面。
如在众人面前守规矩而在暗中不规矩的人,有好的behaviour,却有不好的conduct。
不过用来指儿童时通常都只用behaviour。
如:他对待她的态度越来越蛮横。
His behaviour towards her was becoming more and more aggressive.他在学校的表现简直丢人。
His conduct at school was disgraceful.翻译笔记15:结婚从来很纠结原文:为什么可爱的女孩子全有父亲呢?她孤独的一个人可以藏匿在心里温存,拖泥带水地签上了父亲、叔父、兄弟之类,这女孩子就不伶俐洒脱,心里便不窝藏她了,她的可爱里也就搀和渣滓了。