English word
EnglishWord700个
170. identify vt. 认出，鉴定
171. identify n. 身份；个性，特性
172. poverty n. 贫穷
173. resistant a. (to) 抵抗的，抗...的，耐...的
174. resolve vt. 解决；决定，决意
116. the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋
117. the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋
118. the Antarctic Ocean 南冰洋
119. grant vt. 授予，同意，准予
119. grand a. 宏伟大，壮丽的，重大的
120. invade v. 侵入，侵略，侵袭
46. stimulate vt. 刺激，激励
47. acquire vt. 取得，获得；学到
48.accomplish vt .完成，到达；实行
49. network n. 网状物；广播网，电视网；网络
50. tide n. 潮汐；潮流
51. tidy a. 整洁的，整齐的
52. trace vt. 追踪，找到 n. 痕迹，踪迹
110. private a. 私人的，个人的
111. individual a. 个别的，单独的 n. 个人，个体
112. personal a. 个人的，私人的；亲自的
114. personnel n. [总称] 人员，员工；人事部门
115. the Pacific Ocean 太平洋
28. tender a. 温柔的；脆弱的
29. nuisance n. 损害，妨害，讨厌(的人或事物)
英语单词的过去式过去分词（PastparticipleofEnglishwords）
英语单词的过去式过去分词（Past participle of English words）The past participle of an English word[past tense]The act or event of passing.Example: I, met, him, yesterday., I met him yesterday.Form:Verbs that represent the general past are usually expressed in the past tense of verbs, whereas the past tense of verbs is changed on the basis of the verb prototype. The past tense of verbs can be divided into regular verbs and irregular verbs. Regular verbs change in the past:In general, the verb suffix -ed, such as:Worked played wanted actedThe pronunciation of -e ending verbs, verb suffix -d, such as:Lived, moved, decided, declined, hoped, judged, raised, wipedWith the consonant + y ending verb, change the -y to "-i" plus "-ed", such as:Studied, tried, copied, justified, cried, carried, embodied, emptiedEnd with a consonant of the stressed syllable verbs, double consonant consonant, plus -ed, such as:Stopped, begged, fretted, dragged, dropped, planned, dotted, drippedNote: irregular verbs do not have a strong change of past tense. They should be more memory.Go - went make - made get - got buy - bought come - came fly-flew is/am-was are-were see-saw bring-broughtUsage:(1) expressing action or past a certain time or a period of time that occur, usually with past said action time adverbial words, phrases or clauses, such as yesterday, the day, before last, last week, two days ago, you can clear context without time. I, worked, in, that, factory, year., last, I worked in that factory last year. I went, to,, the, Tian, Long, Mountain, yesterday.. Yesterday we went to dragon hill.(2)General past tense: the act or state of being occurring at a certain time in the past. The predicate verb should use the general past tense.Time mark: yesterday (yesterday), last week (last week), last month (last month), last year (last year), two months ago (two months ago), the day before yesterday (the day before), in 1990(in 1990), in those days (in those days) such that the last time.Such as: I, was, born, in, 1990. (I was born in 1990).When, did, you, go, to, the, park? (when did you go to the park?).I, went, to, the, park, last, week. (I went to the park last week)In the above sentence, the first sentence belongs to the general past tense of the be verb; the second and third sentences belong to the general past tense of the notional verb.The general past tense of a 1.Be verbIn a sentence without a notional verb, use the be verb; the past tense of AM is is was; the past tense of are is were.Composition: affirmative sentence: subject +was (were) + objectI, was, late, yesterday. (I was late yesterday)Negation: subject +was (were) +not+ objectSuch as: We, weren't, late, yesterday. (we were not late yesterday)Interrogative sentence: Was (Were) + subject + objectSuch as: Were, you, ill, yesterday? (were you sick yesterday?)Sure answer: Yes, I was. (yes, I'm sick.). )Negative sentence: No, I wasn't. (no, I'm not ill. )Special question: special interrogative word +was (were) + subject + objectWhen: When, were, you, born? When were you born?Pronunciation:The rules of verb suffix plus -ed has three pronunciations:1. read "[t]" after voiceless consonants. Such as: asked, helped, watched, stopped2. read [d] after voiced consonants and vowels. Such as: enjoyed, studied, moved, called3. read after t / D as [id].Such as: wanted, neededThe past tense of irregular verbs is generally summed up in the following six ways of memory:1. in the end of the word t, the past is the same as the original. Such as: put - put, let - let, cut - cut, beat - beat2. change the word "d" to "t" with the word "d" at the end. Such as: build - built, lend - lent, send - sent, spend - spent3. n at the end of the word, add t after the word. Such as: Mean - meant, burn - burnt, learn - learnt4. turn the ow / AW into EW at the end of the ow / aw. Such as: Blow - blew, draw - drew, know - knew, grow - grew5. with double letter words, will double to single write, in the ending t. Such as: keep - kept, sleep - slept, feel - felt, smell - Smelt6. contains the vowel letter "O / I", which turns O / I intoa. Such as: Sing - sang, give - gave, sit - sat, drink - drank[past participle]The past participle of a regular verb consists of the prototype of a verb plus ed, and the past participle of an irregular verb is represented by an irregular verb table.The past participle belongs to a class verb1. past participle verb predicate and the subject of the sentence is passive, said the subject, not only passive, also said it has completed.The, cup, is, broken., the teacup is broken2. the past participle of the intransitive verb predicate, andthe subject of the sentence is active, said the subject, only that the completion of an action.He is retired., he's retired3. some of the past participles as predicative, a predicate is very close to the passive structure.The past participle forms the rules1 regular verbs: the regular rules of regular verbs are the same as those of regular verbs. Four point change rule:(1), general verb, "ed added directly in the".Work---worked---worked, visit---visited---visited(2), ending in "e" verb plus suffix "d only in the".Live---lived---lived,(3) the verb that ends with "consonant + Y" turns "Y" into "I", plus "ed"".Study---studied---studied, cry---cried---cried,Play---played---played, stay---stayed---stayed(4) repeat the ending of a closed syllable, with only one consonant at the end. First write the consonant, and then add "ed"".Stop---stopped---stopped, drop---dropped--dropped2, irregular verbs, see irregular rulesFirst, when the past participle.The City, is, surrounded,, on, three, sides, by, mountains., the city is surrounded on the other by mountains[note] the difference between the past participles as predicative and passive voice: the past participle used as predicative, mainly expresses the subject of the state, and the passive voice said.(1) The, cup, was, broken, by, my, little, sister, yesterday., tea cup, my sister broke it yesterday(2) The library is now closed. library was closed. (the past participle used as predicative)[note] the past participle passive or complete -ing form or active. Some verbs such as interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten etc. are usually modified by the past participle form, in the form of -ing to modify.(3) The, book, is, interesting, and, I'm, interested, in, it., this book is very interesting, I'm interested in itTwo, when the past participle as an attributePast participles used as attributive adjectives equivalent, it is the logical subject of modified nouns. Transitive verb past participle as attribute, both passive and complete; the past participle of the intransitive verb as attribute, watch.1. the past participle is used as an attribute, and if it isa single one, it is always placed before its modified NOUN我们必须使我们的思想适应变化了的情况。
4000 Essential English Words1 默写纸
4000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 1-Day2Word Part Chinese Definitionv. to have the same opinion or belief as anotherpersonv. to like something or someone a lotv. to go to a faraway place on vacation orbusinessn. the eighth month of the yearn. a vehicle that moves across watern. the morning mealn. a piece of equipment that takes pictures n. a period of time that is seven days longv. to grab or get somethingv. to get somewheren. a city w here a country’s government is based v. to ask someone to come to a place or event n. a small water birdn. one of 12 periods of time in one yearv. to like somethingadj. it is normal, or something that usually happensv. to go and spend time in another place or seeanother personn. the temperature and the state of the outdoors错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 1-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格4000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 2-Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionn. a fun or exciting thing that you dov. to move close to itadj. very badn. something that scientists use in chemistryn. the sound made when someone is happy or afunny thing occursv. to make something newadj. something or someone bad or cruel, not good n. a test that you do to see what will happen v. to make them dien. an unpleasant soundadv. with great attention, especially to detail orsafetyadj. strong and very easy to hearadj. they think something bad will happen n. a type of work that you do for school or a job v. to make them feel afraidn. something that you do not tell other people n. a room where a scientist worksv. to use your nose to sense it错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 2-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格44000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 3 -Day2Word Part Chinese Definitionprep. they are all around youn. a list of informationadv. it happens quickly and unexpectedlyv. to say or write what someone or something islikeadv. at any timev. you do not succeed in what you try to do n. a large round thing in space adv. in place ofn. a place where you go to read booksn. a representation of a person or scene in theform of a printn. something someone writes for school or work n. a group of water drops in the skyadj. more than two but not manyn. the arrangement of its sides and surfaces v. to find an answer to itv. you need to know what it meansv. to guessn. a score or mark given to someone’s work错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 3-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格64000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 4-Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionn. a thing that you do oftenv. to stay away from itv. to act in a particular way, especially to be goodadj. they do not get excited or upsetadj. it is goodadj. to be happy and not want moren. a feeling of worryv. to move out to cover a larger areaadv. it happens oftenv. to happen, you believe it will happenpron. not any of somethingn. an important topicadj. they don’t become angry or upset easilyv. to make someone suffer for breaking the rulesor lawsv. to speak or act for a person or groupv. to move back and forth or up and down quickly v. to walk slowly and calmlyv. to teach错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 4-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格84000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 5-Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionadj. they move a lot or have a lot of things to don. a person who studies medicine and helps sickpeoplen. how many years someone has lived adj. it is not goodn. when two or more things are equaln. a vehicle with two wheels powered by a human v. to pick something or make a decisionn. a person who is more than 18 years old pron. there is a lot of itprep. while the event was happeningn. an organ that keeps the body aliveadj. it is enjoyablen. an activity where people compete against eachothern. a sport with eleven members and an oval-shaped balln. a sport with clubs and a small white ball n. the time when a person is aliven. a unit of measurement that is 1,000 meters v. to make something larger错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 5-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格104000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 6-Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionadj. not made by peoplen. a characteristic of a person or thingadj. person can speak two languagesadv. to a complete degree or to the full or entireextentv. to run or move quicklyn. a feeling of distaste and anger caused bysomething rude or unpleasantadj. what people like to wear and do now adj. something we are not used ton. a gap between people who do not understandeach othern. usually made of glass, and you can seeyourself in itadj. they are not next to each other adv. at the present timen. someone who joins in a social event orcompetitionadj. what we sayadv. very different from beforen. games like running, jumping, football, andtennisadj. when something unexpected happens adj. you are not comfortable and feel unhappy11错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 6-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格124000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 7-Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionv. to happen means to let it happenadj. well knownprep. next to youn. something difficult to completev. to say that something is truen. a time without warn. a way that something is not like other thingsv. to split it into smaller partsn. who is very good at doing somethingv. to make it knownv to do something to make it successfuln. a person’s strength or powern. the state that they are inv. to put or place in a horizontal or flat positionv. to know about it without being toldn. the son of a kingn. to hurt someone or damage somethingadj. it happens very quickly13错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 7-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格144000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 8 -Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionadj. you must do itv. to put them in the right placeadj. those you know wellv. you run after them and try to catch themn. a sharp difference between two thingsv. to take a hold of someone or somethingsuddenlyadj. very bigadj. only onev. to keep it above the groundv. to make them want to do somethingv. to take itn. a way in which something is done or organized v. to say that it should be donen. the reason that you do somethingv. to stop holding itv. to pull it apartadj. when you have what you wantedv. to say that it is necessary15错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 8-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格164000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 9 -Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionn. a body part used for standing and walkingn. a large vehicle that people travel onn. a living thing that can moven. an order given to a person or animal to dosomethingv. to need it for support or helpn. an animal with four legs and a tail that is kept asa pet or trained to workv. to hold onto something to move it towardn. someone a person knows and likes spendingtime withn. a place where children go to learnv. to do something that makes something easierfor someone elsen. a small animal related to lions and tigers that iskept as a petn. a big, strong animal that people ride and use forpulling heavy thingsn. where sick or hurt people receive care ortreatmentv. to be aware of sound through your ears adj. related to the treatment of an injury or diseasev. to move something so that an opening is notcoveredn. a small animal with long ears that lives in a holein the groundn. an object that swings or slides open and shut17错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 9-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格184000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 10- Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionadj. it happens quicklyadj you know it is truen. an opportunity to do somethingn. a change made by something elseadj. it is not closev. to think about it and pay attention to itn. a good thingn. a placen. the green leaves that cover the groundv. to take care of itadj. it is very important and necessaryn. a picture of itadj. it is the most important thingadj. happy about what they have donev. to stay therev. to stop being active while the body gets backits strengthadj. they are not togethern. a part of an animal’s body that sticks out fromits rear or back19错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 10-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格204000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 11- Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionv. to describe or draw attention to a product or event by using apublic mediumadj. it uses electricityn. a situation when something goes wrong adj. they know that something or a situation exists adj. the darkest colorn. a place where a lot of people livev. to make something neat and tidyn. an area of land with the same government andlawsv. to make something larger or more advanced n. the study of the pastadv. something happens at a later time or in the end n. a piece of information that is truen. a transparent, breakable materialn. humansn. everything in the physical world that is notmade by peopleadv. when something is impossible or will nothappenn. an object placed inside something to supply itwith electricityadj. a material made by people21错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 11-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格224000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 12 -Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionn. a thing that stands for something elsen. what is used to make somethingn. the state or quality of being beautifuln. a story in a newspaper or magazinen. a person who paints, draws, or makessculpturesn. the way they feel and thinkn. a set of rooms in a building where people live adj. it deals with work that uses special skills v. to say if it is good or badn. a regular publication with news, stories, andarticlesv. to say how two things are the same anddifferentn. the way to do something n. a person who lives near you adj. not with another person n. an empty arean. how good it isn. a time when food is eaten, such as breakfast,lunch, or dinnern. the things that are used to walk up or down ina building23错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 12-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格244000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 13 -Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionn. they can deal with money and finance properlyn. the center of most citiesv. to think that it is true, even with no proofadj. it is usefuln. a person or business that pays another to do aserviceadj. it is not excitingv. to make them feel ashamed or foolishn. an amount of money paid to use a bus, train,or taxiadj. used to be but is not anymore v. to be interesting or attractiven. a collection of valuable things, especiallyjewels or goldv. to start itn. one person lends to anothern. how much money a person makes at his or herjobn. 1/4 or 25% of somethingv. to use money in a way that will bring a profitlatern. money given so someone can go to school adj. it exists for a short time25错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 13-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格264000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 14 -Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionn. a person who teaches sportsadj. a lack of serious thoughtadj. a quality that makes someone or somethingspecialadj. it goes straight between two places n. a person who writes poemsn. a thing that is typical of itn. the largest or smallest amount of somethingthat you allown. what they are liken. a thin flat piece of papern. a place where you can buy things n. letters and other things sent to people n. a book that tells a storyn. the plan for a story or essayv. to put it onto papern. one part of a book or movien. a testv. to feel painv. to make it do what you want27错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 14-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格284000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 15- Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionprep. to go to the other side of itn. how long it is from one end to the othern. something that shows what a person or a thingis likev. to eat or drink itv. to make them happy and interestedn. a contest to see who is the fastestv. to give an answer to what someone else said n. the feeling of being afraidadj. you are luckyadv. it is very, very goodv. to let air go in and out of your bodyn. something you do wrongv. to ask yourself questions or have a need toknown. a chance to do somethingn. that is given to the winnerv. to suddenly understandn. a chance of something bad happening v. to watch it29错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 15-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格304000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 16- Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionn. the place where that person livesn. a set of printed sheets of paper that are heldtogether inside a covern. a school where people study for a degreen. a group of people who share the same area orinterestsn. the twelfth month of the yearn. something creative that expresses ideas andfeelingsadj. the color of growing grass or leaves v. to give one thing in return for anothern. a group of people who are related to eachotherprep. a starting place or positionadj. the word for the number 7n. what people wear to cover their bodies n. the first month of the yearn. a period of 365 days or twelve monthsv. to stop or finishv. to begin doing somethingadv. an action is done with another person or thing adj. the color of blood31错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 16-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格324000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 17- Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionn. a way to solve a problemv. to move easily and continuously in onedirectionv. to do better than they do adj. it gives off a lot of lightv. to understand its good qualities adj. the only one in a given place v. to make a definite choicev. to go away or not be seen adv. you talk about something different adj. reasonable or rightn. the answer to a questionv. to do something to show that an event isspecialn. a raised area of land. It is higher than the landaround itn. a point on a scale that measures something adj. it means you can get itn. a pool of liquid on the groundn. a time of the year: spring, summer, fall, orwinteradv. you move in the direction in front of you33错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 17-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格344000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 18 -Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionadv. something happens all the timev. to hold or have somethingn. a long yellow fruit with soft white flesh insiden. a clear liquid that people need to survivev. to say or write something to get an answern. the state of a person’s bodyn. an orange vegetablen. a set of instructions for cooking a certain typeof foodn. a sweet food made from cacao beansn. a sweet dessert made from flour, water, sugar,and eggsadj. it is tastyv. to chew and swallow food adj. it is unique and differentn. a type of healthy food that grows on trees andplantsadj. it is very goodn. things people and animals eatn. a food made from flour and water n. a business where people sit and eat food35错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 18-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格364000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 19- Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionn. works with the law and represents people incourtadv. not being influenced by something adj. not deadn. a feeling of not being suren. the person who controls a ship or airplane n. the final part of itn. a hard part of the bodyv. to look for new placesadj. you are happyn. a rulen. something said to a group of people adj. it involves more than one countryn. a lack of fairness or justicev. to talk about itadj. lived for many yearsadj. it is about many people in a community v. to make the effort to do somethingn.a group of people working together in acompany37错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 19-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格384000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 20- Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionv. to damage something so badly that it cannotbe usedv. to tell them what to dov. to successfully do it after trying hard v. to think of them in a certain way adj. it is more than what is needed n. a small amount of somethingv. to think about itn. something you work towardv. to do something that they enjoy n. a thought about a person or a thingv. to say or write something untrue to deceivesomeonen. food made of animals adv. it happens before a certain time adj. it actually existsv. when a surface sends back light, heat, soundor an imagen. a big fight between two groups of people v. to give them food or drinksn. a plant used as food39错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 20-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格404000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 21 -Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionv. to seemn. when a doctor replaces or removes somethingin the bodyn. the organ in your head that lets you think adj. there are many types of itn. a type of workern. the feeling that you have when you are hurt v. to go into itadj. it is very goodv. to say “no” to itn. a brave person who does things to help others v. to do something quicklyv. to tell them about somethingadv. after the present, expected, or usual time v. to go away from someone or something v. to find itn. a person who helps sick people in the hospital n. a job that you do for a large part of your life n. the bottom of something错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 21-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格424000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 22- Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionv. to control or be in charge of itv. to surprise them very muchadj. real or truev. to take something that is not yoursv. to make them feel betterv. to get itv. to take it from one place to anotherv. to get money for the work you don. a type of doorv. to have it as part of a groupn. a person who buys something at a storen. something that is difficult to understand orexplainv. to happenv. to speak or write to them n. completely differentn. the price to pay for somethingn. something given in exchange for goodbehavior or workv. to put it somewhere错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 22-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格444000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 23 -Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionv. to take it awayn. a person who rides in a car, train, or airplanev. to fire something like a bullet at someone orsomethingn. the way you actprep. to be at the back of somethingn. a class in schoolv. to make it go downv. to be the same or similarn. a person who plays sportsn. a person who is part of a group v. to go forwardadj. it is at a normal leveln. what you are like and how you behave n. a short kind of writingadj. it has to do with your mindn. the condition of being safe and free fromdangern. a long thin stick made of wood or metal thatsupports thingsv. to make a noise错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 23-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格464000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 24 -Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionn. a solid piece of wood, stone, or iceadj. it is meant for everyone to usev. to give a loud shout of approval orencouragementadj. It is hard to understandv. you put it under the ground or under a lot ofother thingsn. the way to gon. especially something important n. someone who shows you where to gon. the relationship between people who arefriendsn. what you apply to make someone dosomethingn. there is not enough of itv. to do something in front of people who watch v. to get together to do somethingadv. it is likely to happenn. who gives opinions about movies, books,plays, etc.adj. intelligent v. to hit themv. to run or play sports so that you can behealthy错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 24-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格4000 Essential English Words 1Word ListUnit 25- Day1Word Part Chinese Definitionn. different things put togetherv. to connect something with a person or thingn. a building where things are made or puttogetherv. to know it because you have seen it before n. an example of somethingn. a number or a set of similar thingsn. something you take to feel better or treat anillnessn. an amount of time when something happens v. to plan or get ready for an eventn. an important part of somethingn. a pointed end of somethingv. to make or grow itn. the place where people work or livev. they live thereadj. it happens often and in equal amounts of timen. an indication giving information, directions, awarning, etc.adj. it is large from side to siden. something people have been doing for a longtime错的单词，重新背熟后在此默写三遍Unit 25-Day21.完成书上对应练习2.将练习中错误或不熟悉的单词、词组、句子摘抄在下面表格。
English Word
Appendix 附录，附属物，阑尾remnant 残余物Inflation 通货膨胀遗迹Substantial 实质的，真实的torrent 激流，山洪坚固的，结实的duration 期间富裕的，可观的持久，持续时间Hasty 匆忙的，仓促的，草率的dealer 商人，贩子Interpret 解释，说明overlook漏看，忽略了解，认为俯瞰，眺望口译，做口译宽容，放任Fraction 碎片，小部分propaganda 宣传分数prescribe 指示，规定Rectangle 长方形，矩形开处方Concede 不情愿的承认退让允许让步Dictate 口述，听写命令Stiff 硬的，僵直的拘谨的，呆板的艰难的费劲的Pinch 微量，一撮捏，指；紧缺短缺Neglect 忽视忽略booth 电话亭，摊漏做beware 当心，谨慎Eliminate 消除，排除grand 盛大的，豪华的Sane 理智的明智的numerous 众多的，许多的心智健全的element 元素，组成部分合情合理的nursery 托儿所Browse 吃嫩叶或吃草dense 浓厚的，密集的，稠浏览valve 阀门，电子管Dilute 冲淡，稀释circular 圆形循环，传单通报冲淡的，稀释的revive 恢复，复苏Tentative 尝试的，试验性的disguise 假装伪装，掩饰Manipulate 操作控制影响huddle 聚集在一起Descendant 子孙后代cellar 地窖地下室Brochure 小册子court 法院法庭；宫廷，球场，院子Brutal 残忍的，严峻的，严酷converge 会合，聚集集中，趋近Evident 明显的，明白的namely 即，也就是Dynamic 动力的，有生气的instrumental 起作用的有帮助的Rigorous 严密的，缜密的，严格的乐器的Solidarity 团结，一致generate 产生，发生Pit 坑，矿井manual 手的，手工做的，体力的Decay 使腐朽，衰减手册指南。
高一英语词汇竞赛Senior 1 English word competition
〖Senior 1 English word competition〗之小船创作1.I have heard of the saying many times “practice makes p_________”2.He is a t__________ American student; he islike most of the other students in America.3.They stayed in England for almost threeyears and d_________ a friendship with the local people.4.You will lose your life if you are bitten bya p__________ snake.5.Such c___________ as snakes, frogs, bearsand so on are cold-blooded animals.6.They have r__________ the prices in the shop ,so it is a good time to buy.7.She g_________ from an American university.8.It is time for CCTV news. Could you please s_________ the TV on?9.One li is e_______ to half a kilometer.10.We must try our best to keep the b________ of nature. For example, we should plant more trees and eat less meat.11.Lu xun has his own s_________ of writing.12. A v________ storm hit the city and destroyed many houses.13.After hundreds of years of s_________ ,theblack slaves(奴隶) in the US were set free at last.14.It is very cold. The temperature is m________ 20 degrees.15.We will d_________ the Christmas tree with lights and presents.16.The People’s R________ of China was founded in 1949.17.Don’t always d________ on others. You should learn to rely on yourself.18.With no adults around, it’s d______ for children to swim in the river.19.The photos will r________ me of the days when we were together.20.The telephone rang, and he answered it i_________.21.Fill in the form with your name, homea_______ ,and phone number here,please. 22.It is necessary for a___________ andindustry to develop very quickly so that people can live a rich happy life.23.It is a traditional c_________ for Chineseto get together to have a rich meal during the Spring Festival.24.Scientists are now worrying that one daythe problem of g_________ warming will bea disaster to the world.25.He made r_________ progress in his studies.26.They use music and lighting to create aromantic a_________.27.It took a long time for him to r_________from a bad cold.28.They drew different c___________ from thefacts.29.The factory has brought in a lot of moderne_________ from abroad.30.When she was on her way back home, she wasc________ in a heavy rain.31.The department stores often use all sortsof advertisements to attract c__________.32.It is c________ of you to kill such a smallbird.33.It has been snowing for a whole day. Theground is covered with thick snow like a b_______.34.The government has promised to take strongm_______ to help the laid-off workers(下岗工人) find new jobs.35.The new c_________ on the floor matches thecurtain of the room very well.36.People used to think that the world wasf_______, but now we know it is round. 37.At the sound of the gun, all the birds inthe tree flew away in all d________.38.I love cold drinks, e__________ in summer.39.The river is n_________. You can easilyswim across it.40.Everyone in the class is expected top__________ in these discussions.41.He has a large c________ stamps. Yesterdayhe showed them to us.42.He worked so hard thate__________(=finally) he made himself ill.43.Your work has improved in q________ andquality this term.44.He couldn’t make himself understoodbecause of his strong British a_________.45.We have achieved our g______ of building ashelter for the homeless.46.Three p_______ four is seven.47.Tomorrow we are going to Shanghai ,that isto say, Shanghai is our d__________.48.New Zealand c___________ of two largeislands, in other words, New Zealand is made up of two large islands.49.Although the concert hall was cold and thesound system caused a few problems, the a__________ could still enjoy the concert.50.As a teenager, you should not go out in thenight alone without your parents’p___________.51.He is a well-known p_________, so he playsthe piano very well.52.The company put many advertisements on theradio and TV in order to p_______ its products.53.The stream is very s_________, because wecan see its bottom.54.The flat on Mango Street has a very bigb________ where we can have a wonderful view of the street.55.The young lady had no j_________ to wear to the ball, so her husband advised her to borrow a necklace from her friend.56.Tom is preparing for an exam now. Don’t d__________ him.57.First aid(急救) is the science of givingm_________ care before a doctor can be found.57.Spring is a s_________ when trees turngreen and flowers open.58.I knew him very well, but he had changed somuch that I didn’t r_________ him when we met on the street yesterday.59.Tom was a________ of having lied to hisparents.60.The C__________ Day falls on December 25.61.Martin i_________ me to the New Year’sParty and introduced me to his friends. 62.After many years of hard work, his dreamcame t_______ at last.63.Our next-door n________ says she will lookafter our cat while we are away.64.He was wearing a pair of dark glasses top________ his eyes from the strong sunlight.65.He won the first prize in the competition.Please give my c__________ to him when yousee him.66.Few students in my class can a_________ atrip to New York, because it is too expensive.67.Everyone thought he was j_______, but infact he was completely serious.68.Take the u_________ with you, Tom, It’sraining outside.69.As is known to all, Germany is aE___________ country.70.It was Walt who i________ the steamengine(蒸汽机). is the largest c________ in theword .It is larger than the others72.He is a driver with much experience. We cansay he is an e________ driver.73.Though South Korea also celebrates theSpring Festival, its form(形式) d_______from ours.74.He r_______ from his business when he was60.75.Yuan Long Ping, an agricultural e________,works on the land to do his research.. 76.Miss Zhang c_________ $1,000 to the HopeProject last summer.77.These dresses are not a________ in thestore. You can’t buy them in this store.78.Alice has the best pronunciation in ourclass .She p_________ the best in the class.79.There are eight roommates in my d__________.We get along very well with one another.80.I have made a terrible mistake. I musta__________ to you for what I did. My apology is serious.81.The situation of pollution is serious, butit is quite difficult to find who is r___________ for it.82.The journey was the worst in the history ofexploration. The men were soon e__________ (=very tired) and were running out of food. 83.The company has 500 well-trained s________,and all of them work hard.84.Because of the bad public t_________, wehad to walk to the bus station.85.My daughter is only 5 years old. Now she isin the k________ and I have to pick her up from there.86.My father was a heavy smoker, and it waslast year that I p_________ him to give up smoking.87.The boy is a__________ to computer games.The parents must do something, otherwise (否则), he will fall behind in his lessons.88.On _________,about 15 people get killed orinjured in traffic accidents in the city every year.89.You must take r_________ exercise, becauseit is good for your health.90.As we all know, the USA is the mostdeveloped country in the world. Do you know which is the l_________ developed country in the world? I think it is in Africa, perhaps .91.Many students c________ Austria withAustralia, because they are very similar to each other.92. Jack has a large v___________, he knows alot of English words.93.Each passenger is allowed to take 2 piecesof l________ on the plane.94.As a youth, we should be filled with energy,that is, we should be e_________.95.His excellent speech makes a goodi___________ on me.96.Health is better than w________. Money isnot everything.97.We know him very well, because he is af________ visitor here.(常客).98.Mr Brown comes from Italy and he speaksf__________ Italian .99.The earthquake has caused such greatd_______ to the bridge that I don’t thinkwe can use it once again after we repair it. 100.We hope that all the students can s________ in achieving your dreams.英语词汇竞赛答题卡 1________________ 34._______________ 68._______________2._______________ 35.______________69_______________3._______________ 36.______________70.______________4._______________ 37._______________71.______________5._______________ 38._______________72.______________6._______________ 39._______________73.______________7._______________ 40_______________74.______________8.________________ 41._______________75._______________9._______________ 42.______________76_______________10._______________ 43..______________77.______________11._______________ 44._______________78.______________12.______________ 45._______________79.______________13.______________ 46._______________80.______________14.______________ 47_______________81.______________15________________ 48._______________ 82._______________16._______________ 49.______________83_______________17._______________ 50..______________84.______________18._______________ 51._______________85.______________19._______________ 52._______________86.______________20._______________ 53._______________87.______________21._______________ 54_______________88.______________22.________________ 55._______________ 89._______________23._______________ 56.______________90_______________24._______________ 57..______________91.______________25._______________ 58._______________92.______________26.______________ 59._______________93.______________27.______________ 60._______________94.______________28.______________ 61_______________95.______________29.._______________ 62..______________96.______________30._______________ 63._______________97.______________31.______________ 64._______________98.______________32.______________ 65._______________99.______________33.______________ 66_______________100.______________67.______________。
English word formation
ultraconservative ultra超 n.[c]极端保守主义者；adj.超保守主义的 conservatory conserv(e)保存+a+tory地方 n.[c]温室；音乐学校；艺术学校 serv =serve; slave 服务；奴隶 serve service servant server 服务员；发球员 serving n. [c]（饮食中的）一份 serviceable adj. 可用的；耐用的 有用的 disservice n. 损害；危害 in-service adj. 在职的 serviceman 军人 deserve de完全---全心全意为人民服务---值得表彰 vt.应受；应得 deserving adj. 值/该得的
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duce,duct =lead引导
introduce intro …之间+duce引导 vt.介绍；引进；提出 introduction n.
introduction书的绪论-介绍书的内容； preface解释写书的目的，重要性等的序言； foreword书的简短的序文. introductory adj. 入门的；基础的；（新产品）推广的 production n. produce pro向前+duce引导 vt.生产；制造；出示
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dic =proclaim 宣称；说
indicate in强调+dic说+ate vt.标示；指示；表明 indication n.[u]指示；表示(=sign); [c,u]象征；迹象 indicative adj.标志的；象征的 dedicate de强调+dic说+ate vt. 题献著作；把…奉献 dedication n. dedicative =dedicatory adj.奉献的；贡献的 predicate vt. 断言；表明；预言；预测 predication n.[u]论断 condition con共同+dit说+ion---一起说所处的状况
Primary+School+English+Word+Classification
"pencil," "marker," and "crayon."
02
Stationery materials
This category includes words related to the materials used in
Stationery items, such as plastic, wood, metal, and rubber Some
"red," "blue," "green," and "yellow."
Learning tools
Educational software: This category includes words related to software programs designed for educational purposes, such as math games, language learning programs, and science simulations Some examples are "math game," "language learning program," and "science simulation."
Inspect
Summary words
English words related to insects
Detailed description
Insects are the most diverse group of organisms on Earth, characterized by six legs, antennae, and compound eyes. Here are some common insect related English words: butterfly, bee, ant, fly, mosquito, etc.
英语词前缀（Englishwordprefix）
英语词前缀（English word prefix）I. common prefixes1. prefix that means negation1) pure negative prefixesA-, an-, asymmetry (asymmetric), anhydrous (anhydrous)Dis-, dishonest, dislikeIn-, ig-, IL, Im, IR, incapable, inability, ignoble, irregular, impossible, immoral, illegalNe-, n-, none, neither, neverNon-, noesenseNeg-, neglectUn-, unable, unemployment2) the meaning of errorMale-, mal-, malfunction, maladjustment (maladjusted)Mis-, mistake, misleadPseudo-, pseudonym (kana), pseudoscience3) the meaning of counter actionDe-, defend, demodulation (demodulation)Dis-, disarm, disconnectUn-, unload, uncover4) mean opposite, contrary to each otherAnti-, ant-, antiknock (shock), antiforeign, (exclusive)Contra-, contre-, contro-, contradiction, controflow (upstream)Counter-, counterreaction, counterbalanceOb-, oc-, of-, op-, object, oppose, occupyWith-, withdraw, withstand2. prefix of spatial position and direction relation1) a- means "in"...... Above, "towards......"Aboard, aside,2) by- means "near, near, side""Bypath, bypass (crooked road)3) circum-, circu-, which means "around", "around", "turning""Circumstance, circuit4) de-, which means "down, down""Descend, degrade5) en-, which means "inside" and "entering""Encage, enbed (go to bed)6) ex-, ec-, es-, which means "outside" and "outside"" Exit, eclipse, expand, export7) extra-, which means "extra""Extraction (extraction)8) fore- means "in front""Forehead, foreground9) in-, il-, im-, ir-, which means inward, inward, and back" Inland, invade, inside, import10) inter-, intel-, which means "in"...... Between, mutual" International, interaction, Internet11) intro- means inward, inside, inside"Introduce, introduce12) medi-, med-, mid-, which means middle"Mediterranean, midposition13) out-, which means "above, outside, outside.""Outline, outside, outward14) over-, which means "above, outside, upward""Overlook, overhead, overboard15) post-, which means "back", "behind", "second"" Postscript (postscript),16) pre-, which means "in the front" in front"Prefix, preface, preposition17) pro-, which means "forward", "forward""Progress, proceed,18) sub-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sur-, sus-, which means "below, below""Subway, submarine, suffix, suppress, supplement19) super-, sur-, which means "in"... Above"Superficial, surface, superstructure20) trans-, which means "move up, turn up," on the other side" Translate, transform, transoceanic21) under-, which means "in"... Below.."Underline, underground, underwater22) up-, which means "up, up, up, up""Upward, uphold, uphill (uphill)3. represents the prefix of time and sequence relations1) ante-, anti-, which means "earlier, earlier, earlier"" Antecedent, anticipate,2) ex-, which means "first, old, old""Expresident, exhu, my good friend and3) fore-, which means "in front, in front, in front."" Foreward, dorecast, foretell (prophecy)4) mid-, medi-, which means "middle", "middle""Midnight, midsummer5) "post-" means "after" and "after""Postwar,6) pre-, pri-, which means "before", "beforehand", "beforehand""Preheat, prewar, prehistory7) pro-, which means "before, first, first""Prologue (Prologue), Prophet (Prophet)8) re-, which means "once again, again.""Retell, rewrite4. prefix that represents the difference in degree1) by-, which means "Vice" or "minor""Byproduct, bywork (sideline)2) extra-, which means "transcendence", "extra""Extraordinary,3) hyper- means "over, extreme""Hypersonic (Chao Shengbo), hypertesion (hypertension)4) out- means "over, over""Outdo (over), outbid (overpriced people)5) over- means "over, over, too""Overeat, overdress, oversleep6) sub-, suc-, sur-, which means "low, sub, sub, sub"" Subeditor, subordinate, subtropical (subtropical)7) super-, sur- means "more than""Supernature, superpower, surplus, surpass8) under-, which means "mean" and "low""Undersize, undergrown, underproduction (lack of production) 9) vice- means "Vice", "second""Vicepresident, vicechairman5. prefixes of common and equal meaning1) com-, cop-, con-, cor-, co-, which means "together, together."".Connect, combine, collect, combat, coexist, co-operate2) syn-, syl-, sym-, which represent the same, common, sum, and class"Symmetry, sympathy, synthesis (synthesis)6. prefix that means the whole full meaning1) al- means "complete, complete", alone, almost,2) over- means "full, whole", overall, overflow (full)3) ", said pan-, 000" panentheism (pantheism), panorama7. means separation, leaving the prefix of meaning1) a-, ab-, abs-, which means "separation, departure", away, apart, abstract, abstain2) de- means "leave, go", depart, decolour,3) dis-, di-, dif-, "said divorce disarm, the separation, leave" (surrender)4) ex-, e- said, "leave, expel, exclude, expatriate" (from abroad)5) for- means "leave, leave", forget, forgive6) means "leave", release, resolve7) represents separation, isolation, separate, seduce, select8. means the prefix of meaning across1) dia-, which means "pass through, cross" diameter, diagram,2) per-, pel-, which means "pass", "total", "perfect", "perform", "pervade" (saturated)3) trans-, which means "cross, through" transparent, transmit, transport9. prefix that means reinforcementA-, arouse, ashamedAd-, adjoin, adhere (adhesion)10. prefix that represents the role of word class transformationBe-, befriend,En-, enslave, enable, enrichAd-, ac-, af-, ag-, an-, ap-, ar-, as-, at-, adapt, accord, affix, aggression, assign, arrive, assist, attend, attract,arrange, and (delegate)11. denotes the prefix of quantity relations1) means "single", "one""Mon-, mon-, monotone (monotone), monopoly, monarchUni-, un-, uniform, unicellular (single cell)2) means "two, two, double""Ambi-, ambiguous, amphibian (amphibian)Bi-, bin-, bicycle, di-, diode (grade two tubes),Twi-, twilight3) represent ten, deca, deco-, dec-, deci-, decade, decimals4) means "one hundred, one hundred molecules.""Hecto-, hect-, hectometer,Centi-, centimeter5) means "one thousand, one thousand molecules," kilo-, kilometer6) means "ten thousand, ten thousand one.""Myria-, myri-, myriametreMega-, meg-, megabyteMicro-, Microvolt (micro volts)7) means "many, many, many.""Multi-, mult-, multipmetre (multimeter)Poly-, polysyllable,8) means half and half"Hemi-, hemisphereDemi-, demiofficialSemi-, semiconductor, semitransparentPene-, pen-, Peninsula12. prefix that means a particular meaning1) arch-, which means "first, first, main", architect, Archbishop2) auto-, which means "independence, automation", automobile, autobiography3) bene- means "good, good fortune", benefit4) eu-, which means "excellent, beautiful", eugenics (You Shengxue), euphemism5) male-, mal- means "evil, bad", maltreatment, malodor,6) macro-, which means "big, great", macroscopic (macro)7) magni-, which means "big" magnificent8) micro-, which means "micro" microscopeThirteenPrefix of a term1) aud-, which means "listen", "audience",2) bio-, which means life and biology, biography (Biography)3) ge- means earth, earth, geography4) phon- means "sound, pitch", phonograph5) tele-, which means "stay away from" television, telephoneNo, no A1., non azonic and non zonalityA2. containing in, at and asleep were significantTo strengthen the significance of aloud A3. loudlyAb left, instead, don't abuse abuseAC - contains at, to, meaning, and strengthens meaning. Accustom makes the habit used before C, K, qAd - at, to, meaning, D, adventure, h, m, V, jAf - containing at, to meaning, strengthening significance, afforest afforestation, landscaping used in F beforeAG - contains at, to, meaning, meaning, aggrandize, increase before GAir air airline airlinesAl - 1. contains at, to, meaning, meaning, allocate, allocation before lAl2. forms adverbs almost almostAmphi two, double amphibian amphibious vehicleAn1. no, not anarchistic without governmentAn - 2. contains at, to, meaning, meaning, annotate, annotation, before nAnte before the first anteroom reception roomAnthropo about people eat Terran ANTHROPOPHAGUSAnti - against, on the contrary, to prevent the use of antibiotics antibiotics before a province IAny any anywhere AnywhereAP - strengthen or extend meaning; appraise evaluation is used before pApo left apogee apogeeAr - contains at, to, meaning, meaning, arrange, arrangement before RThe main Arch, the first archenemy number one enemyAs - containing at, to, meaning, meaning, assort classification, before sAt - contains at, to, meaning, meaning, attract, attraction before tAuto, automatic autobiography autobiographyBack counter, backstroke after the backstrokeBe1...., make belittle to shrink, belittle...Be2. to..., bespangle... With a small sequinsBe3. at below in the following...Be4. strengthened and extended meaning befall come, happenBene good, good benediction blessingBi two, two bimonthly bimonthlyBy beside the side, informal byroad lane, bywalkOne percent Centi%, centimetre cmCircum around the polar environment circumpolarCo common cooperation used in vowel words before cooperationCol - 1., common, collocate, collocated, juxtaposed, used in front of LCol - 2. strengthens or extends meaning. Collate is used before lCom - 1. common combine combination, used in combination with B, m, and PCom - 2. strengthens or extends meaning commix before mixing in B, m, PCon - 1. common concolorous of the same colorCon2. strengthen or extended meaning made firm confirmContra against, opposite contradict retorted, contradictionCor - 1. common, mutual correspond resonance, used in front of RCor - 2. strengthens or extends meaning corrupt corruption, corruption used in front of RCounter against, opposite counterattack counterattack counterattackDe1. negative, non deprecatory against the oppositeDe2. removed, removed, destroyed deflower destroyed, torn De3. left depart awayDe4. down, reducing devaluate depreciationDe - 5. makes sense, delimit strengthens boundariesDeca - ten decameter ten metersDeci - 1/10 decigram 1/10 gramsDemi semi demigod demigodDi two, double dioxide dioxideDia through, to wear, with diameter diameterDif - 1. no, no, on the contrary, diffidence has no credit before fDif - 2. separate, leave, scatter, diffract, scatter before fDis1. no, no, don't love the opposite dislikeDis2. cancel, remove disappear disappearDis3. strengthen the significance of disannul is invalid, the abolition ofApart from Dis4., San distract, distractionDys bad, evil, difficult dyspepsia dyspepsiaE1. strengthen or evaluate the extended meaning of evaluateE - 2. out, outside erupt ejectedEf - out, leave, efflux flow, before fElectro electrical electrograph telexThe Em1...Inside, embosom is hidden in the bosom and used before B, m, and PEm - 2. 'with (...) with "embroider" border used in B, m, PEM 3. the empurple... Empurple used in B, m, PEn - 1. puts encage in the cageEn2. '(with ornaments) to enchain chains'...The En3. enlarge to expand and enlarge...En4.'in'or enregister to strengthen the significance of registrationEndo - endoparasite internal parasitesIn Epi... Above epidermis skinEqui equal, equivalent equilateral polygonEU - good, good, good, euphonic, sound goodEvery every day everydayEx1., excavate dug, excavationEx2. predecessor, former mayor ExmayorThe Ex3. (do) expurgate to clean...Exo, external exotic alienExtra outside, more than extraterritorial of extraterritorialityFor ban, left, forbear stand restraintFore, first, pre foreground prospectsGeo geology, earth geometry geodetic technique, geometry Hecto - one hundred hectopascal HPAHemi - semi hemisphere hemisphereHepta - seven, heptagon, seven cornersHetero ISO hetero*ual specificHexa six hexangular six angleHigh high, big, the main road of high speed of highway Holo hologram hologramWith homonym Homo homophoneMore than Hyper, too much, too much hyperacid hyperacid Hypo, low time, less hypotension hypotensionIdeo concept, meaning ideograph associative characters IL - 1. no, no, non illegal illegal before use in LIL - 2. makes sense, illuminate shines before lIm - 1., no, no, non immoral, unethical, used before B, m, PIm - 2., inward, into imprison, put into prison, imprisoned in B, m, PIm - 3. makes sense, imparadise makes heaven ascend before B, m, PIn1. no, no, non inhuman inhumanIn2., intrusion into inbreakIn - 3. makes sense of inflame combustionInfra, low infrared infrared (less than red)In between, between Inter1.... Interoceanic ocean.Inter2. interview met each otherIntra, internal intrastate within the stateIntro - inward, inward, intromit insertionIR - 1. no, no irregular, irregular used before RIR - 2. inwards, into the irrigate, pour in the water, and irrigate it before RIso, with isotope isotopeKilo - 1000 kilowatt kwMacro, Acer, long macroclimate climateMagni - large, long magnify, expanded before a, IMal evil, bad, lost malfunction faultMega million megabytes of megabyteMeta1. super super chemical metachemistryMeta2. alternate changes of metagenesis generationMicro micro microwave microwaveMid Midsummer in midsummerMilli - 1 thousand cents, milligram grams, 1/1000 grams Milli2. 1000 millipede millipedes, polypodyMini small minipark small parkMis wrong, wrong, evil, not misspelled misspellMono - single, single monoxide oxideMulti - Multi multimedia multimedia for a pre provincial IThe new neoimpressionism Neo Neo ImpressionismNo no nothing.Non1. not nonsmoker people who do not smokeNon2. non nonmetal non metalNon3. nonpayment unable to payOb inverse, reverse, non inverted object againstOc - inverse, anti, non, inverted, occupy capture, used before COcta - eight octagon octagonalOf - inverse, inverse, non -, inverted, offend violation, used before fOmni, general public, omnibus busOp - inverse, inverse, non -, inverted, opposite, opposite, used in front of POut 1. is more than outrun, ran, overtakeOut2. excessive, too much outdream dream too muchOut3., outdoor outdoorOut4. removed from outcast, abandonedOver1. over overpraise, too flatteringOver2.On, outside, from the overpass on overbridgeOver3. upside down, reverse overthrow overthrowPaleo - ancient, old, paleozoology, ancient zoology Pan, pan pantheism pantheismPara1. half, similar to quasi parallel parallelPara2. assistant, deputy military auxiliary paramilitary Para3. near, near, parasite parasitesPara4. error, pseudo paradox paradoxPara5., avoid, protection parasol sunshadeThe first Para6. more than paramountPen almost similar, similar to penultimate second from Five Pentagram Penta PentagramPer1. throughout, pass through persist, insist onPer - 2. strengthens the meaning of perturb disruptionPer3., high perchloride and high chloridePeri - around, outer, near pericarp pericarp, used before a, IPoly multi polyfunctional multi functionPost post script postscriptPre1. prefix prefixPre2. prepay prepaid in advancePro1. forward, in front of prologue foreword, prefacePro2. agent, agent instead of procuratorPro3. support pro, in favor of ProBritish AnglophilicThe original protoplasm Proto protoplasm, cytoplasmPseudo false pesudonym kanaQuadr four quadruped quadruped animalQuinque - five quinquesection five equal to a before eRe1. back, back back reclaimRe2. again, repeat, to reconsider reconsiderRe3. instead, against the revolt rebel, rebelRetro back, back, after a review of the retrospectSe leave, leave secede out, exitSemi half semimonthly and half monthlySept seven septuple seven timesWas six *to six formatSino Chinese SinoTibetan Sino Tibetan LanguagesA sometime Some sometimeStep, following the stepfather stepfatherStereo stereo stereo stereosonicSub1. submarine under the seaSub2., Asia, subtropics, semi tropicalSub3. slightly, slightly, slightly dry micro subaridSub4. Deputy Branch, subordinate subworker, Deputy AssistantSub5. close to subarctic near the Arctic CircleSub - 6. more into a layer, and then sublet sublet, and then rentSuc - make... Become stronger, meaning succeed succeeds before CSuf - make..., strengthen the meaning, suffocate, choke, before fSup - make sense, support support before p。
english words
Chapter 4The Changing English V ocabulary1. Why are neologisms products of the constant change in the English language?2. What is a new word according to The Oxford Dictionary of New Words published in 1998?3. What is a new word according to The Oxford Essential Dictionary of Neuu Words published in 2003?4. Describe the definition of neologisms according to the author of this book?5. There are two main sources of new words in the English vocabulary ,what are they?6. In which years did the following new words appear in the English vocabulary?1) upload2) webcam3) webcast4) read-only memory ( ROM)5) search engine6) spam '7) space walk8) mad cow disease9) AIDS (an abbreviation of )10) SARS (an abbreviation of )11) SIDS (an abbreviation of )12) euro13) nuclear winter14) peace symbol15) spokespeople16) women's studies17) B-school18) homeschool19) electronica20) kung fu21) e-book22) e-commerce23) A T M (an abbreviation of )24) DVD (an abbreviation of )25) light pollution7. Do you know which test every student should take before the graduation of high school in the United States?8. When did the new expression whole language appear?9. Translate the following new words or new expressions into Chinese.1) hypermedia2) fax modem3) telemarketing4) telemedic ine5) information superhighway6) A TM7) digital camera8) disco9) Eurocurrency10) Eurodollar11) home page12) bullet train13) cell phone14) videophone15) picturephone16) sports medicine17) slimnastics18) power walk19) kung fu20) game ball21) autocross22) aerobics23) CAI24) sexism25) B-school26) electronic publishing27) grade point average28) womanism29) women's studies30) spokesperson31) newsperson32) communication gap33) credibility gap34) culture gap35) peace sign36) peace symbol37) teach-in38) peacenik39) call-in40) ableism41) Third Worlder42) freedom-rider43) Interpol44) green revolution45) cybercafe46) cybercitizen47) cybersurfer48) webcam49) webcast50) war on terrorism51) anti-Bush enthusiasm52) prisoner abuse scandal53) phase down54) global village55) first strike56) ECU57) domino theory58) V-chip10. Point out where the following words came from?1) earthrise2) e-commerce3) picturephone4) moonquake5) househusband6) G-mail7) fourth world8) airtel9) air bag10) apolune11. What are obsolete words?12. Obsolete words may be still used at the present time. Give examples for illustration.13. Why are changes in vocabulary much faster than changes in pronunciation and grammar?14. There are four tendencies in semantic changes. What are they?15. Give some examples of widening of meaning.16. Point out some examples of narrowing of meaning.17. Which words belong to elevation of meaning?18. Which words belong to degradation of meaning?19. What is a metaphor?20. How does a metaphor differ from a simile?21. There are three major groups of metaphors according to function and character. What are they?22. Which words can be used as metaphors? Give some examples for illustration.23. What is metonymy?24. Underline the following words or phrases belonging to metonymy.1) Shakespeare (Shakespeare's plays)2) with open arms3) It never entered his head to help me.4) This fine picture is the pride of my collection.5) The kettle is boiling.6) He has ￡20 in notes and ￡5 in silver.7) He drank a cup.8) She is a great beauty.25. What is synecdoche?26. Synecdoche has two kinds according to meaning: one is the part for the whole, the other is the whole for the part. Give some examples for each kind.27. What is euphemism?28. Why do we often use euphemism in daily life? Give some examples.29. Give the definition of middle terms.30. Give some examples illustrated by a diachronic development of words.31. Correct the errors in the following statements:1) The word rubbish in the Early Modern English period meant 'rubble,' but soon developed the meaning of a waste thing, anything worthless. So this is an example of narrowing of meaning.2) The word matter originally means 'timber. ' Now it has a lot of abstract meanings. For instance, The world is made of matter. This is a matter I know little about. I don't discuss private matter with my colleagues, etc. Therefore, the word matter is an example of elevation of meaning.3) The word hospital once meant 'a place for shelter or entertainment of travelers,' now it means 'a place where people are treated for illness or injuries. ' So the word hospital belongs to an example of widening of meaning.4) The word disease once meant 'discomfort,' now it refers to an illness. This is an example of widening of meaning.5) The word fond originally meant 'foolish,' now it refers to 'loving in a kind, gentle or tender way. ' Therefore we may say that the word fond is an example of degradation of meaning.6) The word minister originally meant 'servant. ' Now it has come to mean 'a person at the head ofa department of the government. 'Chapter 4The Changing English V ocabulary1. When a new product is made, a new conception comes into man's thought, and a new name must be found, that is, a new word appears in the language. Therefore, neologisms are products of the constant change in the English language.2. According to The Oxford Dictionary of New Words edited by Elizabeth Knowles with Julia Elliott, published in 1998, "A new word is any word, phrase, or sense that came into popular use or enjoyed a vogue in the given period. "3. According to The Ox ford Essential Dictionary of New Words edited by Erin Mickean, published in July 2003, "A new word is novel arrangement of letters with a meaning not quite duplicated by any other arrangement of letters. This is the ideal form of a new word. Like most ideals, this is rarer than we'd like. Real-world new words are messier. For one thing, new 'words' are often made up of more than one word—they're multiword lexical units, to be technical. Often, 'new' words are merely new senses of an existing word. .. A new word must earn its place in the dictionary by showing that people are using it—lots of people, in lots of places. .. This is great for proving that the new word is a solid citizen of the English language. "4. When we define neologisms or new words, two aspects should be considered. The first aspect is what new words are. The second aspect is when they appear and enter into the dictionary.The criterion of time concerning the birth and use of new wordsis very important, within the given period of time the newly coined words and words adding new meanings are called new words. Beyond the period they will become existing words, notnew words.From the above-mentioned aspects the definition of new words may be described asfollows; Neologisms are newly coined words or words that are given new meanings to fit new situations and new needs because of the social, economic, political, cultural, especially scientific and technical changes in the given period in human society. Considering that we live and work in the first years of the 21st century, the time about the appearance and use of new wordsshould be restricted among forty years from the sixties to the late nineties last century, especially within twenty years from the eighties to the late nineties last century.This is the criterion to distinguish neologisms or new words from existing words.In short, neologisms are new words and expressions used in the given period.5. There are two main sources of new words in the English vocabulary. The first source is the rapid development of modern science and technology. Modern science and technology bring about the addition of new words without numbers. They are the most important source of new words. Computing is a newly developing and widely used area in our modern society. Every day people including adults and children use computers to learn and know a lot of happenings in the world. So a great number of new words concerning computers appear constantly inModern English. A few new words are given below. The new word netizen is the blend of net and citizen, which appeared in 1994. It means 'an active participant in the online community of the internet. ' The new word cybercitizen means 'netizen'. It appeared also in 1994. The new word extranet was coined in 1995. It denotes 'a network (as of a company) similar to an intranet that also allows access by certain others (as customers or suppliers). ' The word intranet is also a new word created in 1995. It means ' a network operating like the world wide web but having access restricted to a limited group of authorized users (as employers of a company). 'The second source of new words is political, economic, and social changes. Political, economic, and social changes are another important source of new words. Their influence on the English vocabulary is as great as that of science and technology. So we shouldn't neglect the importance of this source. The new word e-commerce appeared in 1993. It refers to 'commerce conducted via the internet. ' The new expressions digital versatile disc (1995) and digitalvideo disc (1993) are derived from the new word DVD (1993) , meaning 'a high-capacity optical disk format; an optical using such a format and containing especially a video recording (as a movie) or computer data. ' The new word SARS is an abbreviation of severe acute respiratory syndrome that appeared in 2003. It is also known as atypical pneumonia used in China in 2003. 6. 1) The new word upload used as a verb appeared in 1983.2) The new word webcam appeared in 1995.3) The new word webcast was coined in 1995.4) The new expression read-only memory (ROM) appeared in1966.) The new expression search engine appeared in 1984.6) The new word spam was created in 1994.7) The new expression space walk appeared in 1965.8) The new expression mad cow disease appeared in 1988.9) The new word AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) appeared in 1982.10) The new word SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) appeared in 2003.11) The new word SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome) appeared in 1970.12) The new word euro was coined in 1981.13) The new expression nuclear winter appeared in 1983.14) The new expression peace symbol appeared in 1970.15) The new word spokespeople appeared in 1972.16) The new expression women's studies appeared in 1972.17) The new word B-school was coined in 1967.18) The new word homeschool was coined in 1980.19) The new word electronica was coined in 1994.20) The new word kung fu was created in 1966.21) The new word e-book appeared in 1988.22) The new word e-commerce appeared in 1993.23) The new word A TM (automatic teller machine) appeared in 1976.24) The new word DVD (digital versatile disc) appeared in 1995.25) The new expression light pollution appeared in 1971.7. Before the graduation of high school in the United States, every student should take a test, called the Scholastic Assessment Test. The short form is SA T. The SA T is a four-hour test with a perfect score of 1, 600. The top score is 800 on both the verbal and math sections.8. The new expression -whole language appeared in 1984.9. 1) hypermedia 大型传媒装置2) fax modem 传真调制解调器3) telemarketing 电话销售4) telemedic ine 远距离医学5) information superhighway 信息高速公路6) A TM 自动出纳机7) digital camera 数码相机8) disco 迪斯科9) Eurocurrency 欧洲货币10) Eurodollar 欧洲美元11) home page 网页12) bullet train 高速客车，高速列车13) cell phone (1984) 手机14) videophone (1950) 可视电话15) picturephone (1956) 可视电话16) sports medicine 体育医学，运动医学17) slimnastics 减肥操，健美操18) power walk 负重疾步行走19) kung fu 功夫，拳术20) game ball 庆功球，决定胜负的关键球21) autocross 汽车竞技运动会，越野赛车22) aerobics 气健术，增氧健身法23) CAI 计箅机辅助教学24) sexism 性别歧视，性别偏见25) B-school 商业管理学院26) electronic publishing电子〈电脑）出版27) grade point average 平均积分点28) womanism 争取女权主义29) women's studies 妇女问题研究30) spokesperson 发言人，代言人31) newsperson 记者32) communication gap 交际沟33) credibility gap 信誉沟34) culture gap 文化沟35) peace sign V字形和平手势36) peace symbol 和平标志37) teach-in 宣讲会38) peacenik 反战示威者，反战积极分子39) call-in (：电台）来电直播节目40) ableism 体格健全至上主义41) Third Worlder 第三世界的人42) freedom-rider 自由之行示威者43) Interpol 国际刑瞀组织44) green revolution 绿色革命，农业革命45) Cybercafe 网上咖啡店46) cybercitizen 网民47) cybersurfer 网上冲浪48) webcam 网上摄像49) webcast 网上广播50) war on terrorism 反恐战51) anti-Bush enthusiasi 反布什情绪52) prisoner abuse scanc 虐俘丑闻53) phase down 逐步缩减，分阶段减少54) global village 全球村55) first strike 使用第一次核打击武器的先发制人56) ECU欧洲货币单位A MANUAL ON EXERCISES AND REFERENCES57) domino theory 多米诺骨牌理论58) VchipV芯片10.1) The word earthrise came from sunrise.2) The word e-commerce came from e-mail.3) The word picture phone came from videophone.4) The word moonquake came from earthquake.5) The word househusband came from house-wife.6) The new word G-mail came from e-mail.7) The phrase fourth -world came from third -world.8) The word airtel came from hotel.9) The phrase air bag came from handbag.10) The word apolune came from aphelion.11.Obsolete words are called archaisms, which are not used now except for special purposes.12. Obsolete words may be still used at the present time. The English proverb Many a little makesa mickle is a good example for illustrating this point. Here mickle, an obsolete word, means 'large amount. ' The proverb is still in common use.13. From the sociolinguistic point of view we know that vocabulary not only changes, but also changes quickly. Changes in pronunciation and grammar are much slower, but changes in vocabulary are much faster. When people have met with new objects and new ideas, they have need of new words to express them. In the course of the development of language old words die out, new words is added and existing words change their meanings. It is obvious that the gradual change of meaning in words is a universal feature of human language.14. Sense development of English words can be divided into four groups according to the range of their usage and the altitude towards their uses. Change in the denotative component of the lexical meaning may result in the extension of meaning and the narrowing of meaning. Change in the connotative component may bring about the elevation of meaning and the degradation of meaning.15. The extension of meaning, or widening of meaning, refers to the extension of the range of the lexical meaning. Extension of meaning is one of the most common features in the history of English words. The example of widening is the word rubbish, which in the Early Modern English period meant 'rubble,' but which soon developed the wider meaning of a waste thing, anything worthless. There is one more example. The word catalyst is not only a technical term used in chemistry meaning 'a substance which, without itself changing, causes chemical activity to quicken,' but also a common word, when used figuratively, e. g. The workers' demand for higher wages was a catalyst in a difficult state of affairs, and led to important social changes.16. An example of narrowing of meaning is the verb to starve. The word originally meant simply 'to die.' In Middle English it was specialized to mean 'to die of cold,' but in the sixteenth century it meant 'to die of hunger. '17. Words often rise from a humble beginning to a positions of greater importance because of social changes. Elevation of meaning is also a special kind of narrowing of meaning. The word success has changed its meaning from ' result' to 'good result.' The word comrade is derived from Spanish for 'roommate,' but now it means 'fellow member of a political party, etc. '18. Words with a commendatory meaning may become ones with a derogatory sense. The word -wench once meant ' a young woman, or girl, especially in the country,' now it means 'a lewd woman, prostitute. ' The word disease once meant 'discomfort,' now it refers to an illness.19. A metaphor, like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. For example, the world is a stage. Here, a stage is a metaphor.20. "He and his brother are as like as t-wo peas. " is a comparison between two unlike elements,that is, human beings and peas. So as like as t-wo peas is a simile. The simile may be expressed by the use of the connecting words-like, as, as. .. as, sometimes by the use of than, as if, or as though. In a metaphor the connecting words are not used, e. g. Imperialism is a paper tiger. Here paper tiger is a metaphor.21.There are three major groups of metaphors according to function and character. They are:1) anthropomorphic metaphors, such as: the hand of a clock.2) animal metaphors, such as: a black sheep.3) synaesthetic metaphors, such as; a golden opportunity.22. Some nouns and their adjectives or verbs can be used as metaphors. Take a few sentences for example; Although he's less talented, he won by sheer dogged persis tence. Here dogged is an adjective, meaning 'determined; not giving up easily. ' On the whole, the students seemed serious and hard-working, but they confined themselves to parroting textbooks. Here parrot is a verb, meaning 'to repeat without thinking or understanding.23. Metonymy is an important factor in the shift of meaning that involves substitution of the name of one thing for that of another closely associated with it.24.1) Shakespeare2) arms3) head4) pride5) kettle6) silver7) cup8) beauty25. Synecdoche is a figure of speech that involves the substitution of the part for the whole or the whole for the part.26. Synecdoche may be classified into two kinds according to meaning:1) the part for the whole:We are no longer short of hands. Here hand means ' worker, helper. '2) the whole for the part; The doctor cut him open and took out the appendix and stitchedhim up again. Here him refers to a part of his body.27. Euphemism is the substitution of a word of more pleasant connotation for one of unpleasant connotation. In short, an euphemism is a false word substituted for the true word in order to soften the shock of reality.28. Euphemism is often used in speaking of things that are painful and distressing to think about. Death is one of these things and the English language is full of euphemism like;to pass away (for formal use)to decease (for legal use)to kick the bucket (a slang)to go west (dated slang)An economic crisis is another subject for euphemism. The prewar word slump was soon replaced by the word depression, then the word depression was replaced by the word recession. Now the word recession is replaced by the word downturn. Nowadays people often say downtown instead of saying ' economic crisis. '29. Middle terms in English belong to a specific kind of ameliorative and pejorative developments. Middle terms are words which are neutral in meaning and take on favorable or unfavorable significance according to their different contents. The word fortune, for instance, is a middle term, because it may be either good or bad, but the adjective fortunate was a positive value. Take one sentence for example, He's fortunate enough to enjoy good health.30. Changes of lexical meaning can be illustrated by a diachronic development of words. Although objects, conceptions, ideas, etc. change in the course of time, the name is retained, the meaningchanges because the object which it describes has changed. The word car, for instance, is a good example. The word car was borrowed through the Anglo-French word carre and directly from the Latin word carra in 1301, plural of carrus, meaning 'two-wheeled vehicle for carrying foods.' The word car was first applied to the automobile in 1895, that is to say, it means 'a usually four-wheeled automotive vehicle designed for passenger transportation. '31.1) ... So this is an example of widening of meaning.2) ... Therefore, the word matter is an example of widening of meaning.3) ... So the word hospital belongs to an example of narrowing of meaning.4) ... This is an example of narrowing of meaning.5) ... Therefore we may say that the word fond is an example of elevation of meaning.6) No mistake.。
english word_英语学习_外语学习_教育专区
1, improperly adv. 不适当地；错误地2, allocate ['ælɔukeit]vt. 分配；拨出；使坐落于vi. 分配；指定3, reliant [ri'laiɔnt]adj. 依赖的；可靠的；信赖的4, perception [pɔ'sepɔɔn]n. 感觉；知觉；洞察力；看法；[法律]获取5, causes n. 原因6, inability [,inɔ'bilɔti]n. 无才能；无能力7, assist [ɔ'sist]n. 帮助；助攻；vi. 参加；出席；vt. 帮助；促进8, root [ru:t, rut]n. 根；根源；祖先；词根vi. 生根；根除vt. 生根，固定；根源在于9, financial [fai'nænɔɔl]adj. 财政的，财务的；金融的10, audit ['ɔ:dit]vi. 查帐；审计n. 审计；查帐vt. （美）旁听11, transactions n. 处理，会报；汇报（transaction复数）12, ppm abbr. 百万分率，百万分之…（parts per million）13, spills n. 漏损，溢出（spill的复数）v. 使溅出（spill的三单形式）14, notification [,nɔutifi'keiɔɔn]n. 通知；通告；告示15, populate ['pɔpjuleit]vt. 居住于；构成人口；移民于；殖民于16, defines v. 定义；详述；规定；表明特征（define的三单形式）17, specific [spi'sifik]adj. 特殊的，特定的；明确的；详细的；具有特效的n. 特效药；细节；特性18, within [wi'ðin, wi'θin]prep.在…之内adv. 在内部n. 里面19, automatic [,ɔ:tɔ'mætik]adj. 自动的；无意识的；必然的n. 自动机械；自动手枪20, manual ['mænjuɔl]adj. 体力的；手工的n. 手册，指南21, maintain [mein'tein]vt. 维持；维修；供养；继续；主张22, trace [treis]vi. 追溯；沿路走vt. 追踪，查探；描绘；回溯n. 痕迹，踪迹；微量；迹线；缰绳23, features n. 容貌；产品特点，特征；嘴脸（feature的复数）v. 是…的特色，使突出（feature的第三人称单数）24, access ['ækses, 'æksɔs, æk'ses]vt. 存取；接近；使用n. 通路；进入；使用权25, issues n. 议题，问题；争点；债券（issue的复数）v. 流出；分发；发行（issue的第三人称单数）26, across [ɔ'krɔs, ɔ'krɔ:s]prep. 穿过；横穿adv. 在对面；横过27, supplier [sɔ'plaiɔ]n. 供应者；供应厂商，供应国28, database ['deitɔbeis]n. 数据库，资料库29, scope [skɔup]n. 视野；眼界；范围；余地；导弹射程vt. [俚]审视30, performance [pɔ'fɔ:mɔns]n. 性能；表演；执行；绩效31, record [ri'kɔ:d, 'rekɔ:d]vt. 记录，记载；将...录音；标明vi. 记录；录音n. 唱片；档案，履历；最高纪录adj. 创纪录的32, define [di'fain]vt. 定义；使明确；规定33, log [lɔɡ, lɔ:ɡ]vi.伐木vt. 伐木；航行；切n. 航行日志；园木；记录34, oracle ['ɔrɔkl, 'ɔ:-]n. 神谕；神谕处；预言；圣人35, responsible [ri'spɔnsɔbl]adj. 有责任的；负责的，可靠的36, state [steit]n. 情形；国家；州vt. 陈述；规定；声明adj. 国家的；州的；正式的37, authorization [,ɔ:θɔrai'zeiɔɔn, -ri'z-]n. 授权，认可；批准，委任38, reliability [ri,laiɔ'bilɔti]n. 可靠性39, status ['steitɔs, 'stæ-]n. 地位；情形；状态；重要身分40, credit ['kredit]n. 信用，信誉；信任；贷款；声望；学分vt. 相信，信任；把…归给，归功于；赞颂41, manufacturing [,mænju'fæktɔɔriŋ]adj. 制造业的；制造的n. 制造业；工业v. 制造；生产（manufacture的ing形式）42, finance [fai'næns]n. 财政，财政学；金融vt. 负担经费，供给…经费vi. 筹措资金43, shipping ['ɔipiŋ]n.海运；运送；船舶，船舶吨数v. 运送，乘船（ship的ing形式）44, fulfillment [ful'filmɔnt]n. 实行；履行45, conformity [kɔn'fɔ:miti]n. 一致，适合；相似；符合46, preventive [pri'ventiv, pri:-]n. 预防药；预防法adj. 预防的，防止的47, eliminate [i'limineit]vt. 消除；排除48, potential [pɔu'tenɔɔl]n. 可能性；潜能；电势adj. 可能的；潜在的；[物]势的49, cause [kɔ:z]n. 原因；事业；目标vt. 引起；使遭受50, companion [kɔm'pænjɔn]n. 同伴；朋友；手册；指南vt. 陪伴51, screws n. 潜水员病；螺丝；螺旋体（screw的复数）v. 用螺钉固定；用螺杆操纵（screw的三单形式）52, variance ['vεɔriɔns]n. 变异；变化；不一致；分歧；【数】方差53, effective [i'fektiv]adj. 有效的，起作用的；给人深刻印象；实际的，实在的54, implementation [,implimen'teiɔɔn]n. 履行；实现；安装启用55, containment [kɔn'teinmɔnt]n. 包含；牵制；容量；密闭度56, recognition [,rekɔg'niɔɔn]n. 承认，认出；赞誉；重视；识别；公认57, foreman ['fɔ:mɔn]n. 领班；陪审团主席58, confirm [kɔn'fɔ:m]vt. 确认；批准；证实；确定；使巩固59, assembly [ɔ'sembli]n. 装配；集会，集合60, gap [ɡæp]n.缺口；间隙；空白vi. 裂开vt. 使成缺口61, procedure [prɔ'si:dɔɔ]n. 步骤；程序，手续62, switch [switɔ]vt. 转换；vi. 转换；抽打；[体]换防；n. 开关；转换；鞭子63, recurrence [ri'kɔrɔns, -'kɔ:-]n. 循环；再发生；重现；重新提起64, prevent [pri'vent, pri:-]vt. 预防，防止；阻止vi. 妨碍，阻止65, identify [ai'dentifai]vt. 识别；确定；使参与；把…看成一样vi. 认同；一致；确定66, adequately adv. 充分地；适当地；足够地67, accurately adv. 精确地，准确地68, timing ['taimiŋ]n.定时；时间选择；调速v. 为…安排时间；测定…的时间（time的ing形式）69, occurring n. 事件；事故；事变70, situation [,sitju'eiɔɔn, -tɔu-]n. 位置；形势；情况；处境71, mode [mɔud]n. 方式；模式；风格；时尚72, magnitude ['mæɡnitju:d]n.大小；光度；重要；震级；量级73, info ['infɔu]n. 情报；信息74, shift [ɔift]n. 手段；移动；轮班；变化vi. 移动；转换；转变vt. 替换；转移；改变75, toggle ['tɔɡl]vt. 拴牢，系紧n. 拴扣；开关，触发器；套索钉76, valid ['vælid]adj. 正当的；有效的，有根据的77, defects n. 缺点；瑕疵；不合格品（defect的复数）v. 叛变（defect的三单形式）78, freight [freit]vt. 运送；装货；使充满n. 运费；货运；船货79, charge [tɔɑ:dɔ]n. 费用；掌管；控告；负载；电荷；命令vt. 装载；对…索费；使承担；向…冲去；指责；使充电vi. 索价；向前冲；充电；控告；记在账上80, comprehensive [,kɔmpri'hensiv]adj. 广泛的；综合的；有理解力的n. 综合学校；专业综合测验81, requisition [,rekwi'ziɔɔn]n. 征用；要求；申请书；[律]引渡要求vt. 征用；申请领取82, unequal [,ɔn'i:kwɔl]adj. 不平等的；不规则的；不胜任的n. 不等同的事物83, thickness ['θiknis]n.厚度；层；含混不清；浓度84, leak [li:k]n. 漏洞，裂缝；泄漏vt. 使渗漏，泄露vi. 漏，渗；泄漏出去85, spark [spɑ:k]n.火花；闪光；朝气vt. 发动；鼓舞；求婚vi. 发火花；闪烁；求婚86, sheet [ɔi:t]n. 薄片，纸张；床单；薄板vt. 盖上被单；覆盖；使成大片vi. 成片流动；大片落下adj. 片状的87, inventory ['invɔntɔri, -tɔ:ri]n. 存货，存货清单；详细目录；财产清册88, delivery [di'livɔri]n. 交付；递送；分娩89, rework [ri:'wɔ:k]vt. 重做；修订90, statistical [stɔ'tistikɔl]adj. 统计的；统计学的91, process ['prɔuses, 'prɔ-]vt. 处理；加工n. 过程，进行；方法，步骤；作用；程序；推移vi. 列队前进adj. 经过特殊加工（或处理）的92, destruct [di'strɔkt]vi. 自毁n. 自毁93, order ['ɔ:dɔ]n. 命令；顺序；定单；规则vt. 命令；定购；整理vi. 命令；定货94, logistic [lɔu'dɔistik]adj. 后勤学的；符号逻辑的95, response [ri'spɔns]n. 响应；反应；回答96, derivative [di'rivɔtiv]n. 衍生物，派生物adj. 引出的；派生的97, development [di'velɔpmɔnt]n. 发展；开发.发育；住宅小区（专指由同一开发商开发的）98, design [di'zain]vt. 设计；计划；构思n. 设计；图案vi. 设计99, management ['mænidɔmɔnt]n. 管理；管理部门；经营手段；管理人员；操纵100, procurement [prɔu'kjuɔmɔnt]n. 获得，取得；采购101, policy ['pɔlisi]n. 政策，方针；保险单102, vision ['viɔɔn]n. 视力；眼力；幻象；美景；想象力vt. 显现；梦见；想象103, yield [ji:ld]vt. 出产；屈服；放弃vi. 屈服，投降n. 收益；产量104, respectful [ri'spektful]adj. 恭敬的；有礼貌的105, empower [im'pauɔ]vt. 使能够；授权，允许106, bias ['baiɔs]n. 偏见；斜纹；偏爱；乖离率vt. 使存偏见adj. 偏斜的adv. 偏斜地107, toward [tɔ'wɔ:d, tu-, 'tɔ:ɔd, 'tɔuɔd, twɔ:d]prep. 向；对于；为了；接近adj. [古]即将来到的，进行中的108, proposition [,prɔpɔ'ziɔɔn]n. 命题；提议；议题；[修辞]主题vt. 向…提议；向…求欢109, sufficient [sɔ'fiɔɔnt]adj. 足够的；充分的110, flux [flɔks]n. 流量；流出；变迁；不稳定vt. 使熔融；用焊剂处理vi. 熔化；流出111, achievement [ɔ'tɔi:vmɔnt]n. 成就；达到；完成112, evaluation [i,vælju'eiɔɔn]n. 评价；估价；评估；求值113, drawings n. 图纸；图示；提用，提款（drawing的复数）114, net [net]n. 网；净利；网络；实价vi. 编网vt. 净赚；得到；用网捕adj. 纯粹的；净余的115, benefits n. 利益，收益；福利，效益（benefit的复数形式）116, provided conj. 倘若；假如v. 提供；给予（provide的过去式）117, dual ['dju:ɔl]adj. 双的；双重的n. 双数；双数词118, detail ['di:teil, di'teil]n. 细节，详情vt. 详述；选派vi. 画详图119, inspiration [,inspɔ'reiɔɔn]n. 灵感；妙计；吸气；鼓舞120, inspirational adj. 鼓舞人心的；带有灵感的，给予灵感的121, specification [,spesifi'keiɔɔn]n. 规格；详述；说明书122, target ['tɑ:ɡit]n.目标；靶子vt. 把……作为目标；规定……的指标；瞄准某物123, spec [spek]n. 投机；细则；说明书124, cooperation [kɔu,ɔpɔ'reiɔɔn]n. 合作，协作；协力125, dimension [di'menɔɔn, dai-]n. 维；尺寸；次元；容积vt. 标出尺寸adj. 规格的126, korea n. 韩国；朝鲜127, clarification n. 澄清，说明；净化128, courier ['ku:riɔ]n. 送快信的人；导游；情报员，通讯员129, account [ɔ'kaunt]n. 帐目，帐单；理由；帐户；解释vi. 报帐；解释；导致vt. 认为；把…视为130, coordination [kɔu,ɔ:di'neiɔɔn]n. 对等，同等；协调，调和131, highlight ['hailait]vt. 强调；突出；使显著；加亮n. 最精彩的部分；最重要的事情；加亮区132, standardized adj. 标准化的；标准的；定型的v. 使合乎标准；按标准校准；制定标准（standardize的过去分词）133, turnover ['tɔ:n,ɔuvɔ]n. 翻覆；营业额；流通量；半圆卷饼；[篮球]失误；adj. 翻过来的；可翻转的134, identifier [ai'dentifaiɔ]n. 标识符，认同者；检验人，鉴定人135, professional [prɔu'feɔɔnɔl]adj. 职业的；专业的；职业性的n. 职业运动员；专业人员136, profession [prɔu'feɔɔn]n. 职业，专业；声明，宣布，表白137, revenue ['revɔnju:, -nu:]n. 税收，国家的收入；收益138, bill [bil]n. 帐单；法案；广告；钞票；票据；清单vt. 宣布；开帐单；用海报宣传139, assistance [ɔ'sistɔns]n. 援助，帮助；辅助设备140, achieve [ɔ'tɔi:v]vt. 完成；达到vi. 达到目的；如愿以偿141, feedback ['fi:dbæk]n. 反馈；回复；成果，资料142, contractual [kɔn'træktɔuɔl]adj. 契约的，合同的143, disciplines n. 科目；纪律（discipline的复数）v. 训导；使有纪律（discipline的单三形式）144, disassemble [,disɔ'sembl]vt. 拆开，解开；反汇编145, briefly adv. 短暂地；简略地；暂时地146, braid [breid]vt. 编织n. 辫子；穗带；发辫147, link [liŋk]n.联系，关系；链环，环节vt. 连接，连结；联合，结合vi. 连接起来；联系在一起；将人或物连接或联系起来148, adjustment [ɔ'dɔɔstmɔnt]n. 调整，调节；调节器149, application [,æpli'keiɔɔn]n. 应用；申请；敷用；应用程序150, amperage ['æmpɔridɔ]n. 安培数151, subsequent ['sɔbsikwɔnt]adj. 后来的，随后的152, stock [stɔk]n. 股份，股票；血统；树干；库存adj. 平凡的；存货的，常备的vt. 进货；备有；装把手于… vi. 办货；囤积；出新芽153, statistics [stɔ'tistiks] n. 统计；统计学；统计资料154, distribute [di'stribju:t, 'dis-]vt. 分配；散布；分开；把…分类155, staff [stɑ:f, stæf]n. 职员；支撑；参谋；棒adj. 行政工作的；职员的vt. 供给人员；给…配备职员vi. 雇用工作人员156, urgent ['ɔ:dɔɔnt]adj. 紧急的；急迫的157, terminal ['tɔ:minɔl]n. 终端机；终点；末端；极限adj. 末端的；终点的；晚期的158, upstairs ['ɔp'stεɔz]adv. 在楼上，向楼上；往楼上；上楼adj. 楼上的n. 楼上159, currently ['kɔrɔntli]adv. 当前；一般地160, approval [ɔ'pru:vɔl]n. 赞成；批准；认可161, simulate ['simjuleit]vt. 模仿；假装；冒充adj. 模仿的；假装的162, viscosity [vi'skɔsɔti]n. 粘性，粘度163, specifications n. 说明书；规格（specification的复数形式）164, corporate ['kɔ:pɔrit]adj. 法人的；共同的，全体的；社团的165, legal ['li:ɡɔl]adj. 法定的；法律的；合法的166, along [ɔ'lɔŋ]adv.向前；一起；来到prep. 沿着；顺着167, review [ri'vju:]n. 评论；回顾；复习；检讨；检阅vt. 回顾；复审；检查vi. 回顾；写评论；复习功课168, transfer n. 转移；转让；过户；传递vi. 转移；转让；转学；换车vt. 转让；调任；传递；使转移169, formal ['fɔ:mɔl]adj. 正式的；拘谨的；有条理的n. 正式的社交活动；夜礼服170, quotation [kwɔu'teiɔɔn, kɔu-]n. 引用语；引证；报价单171, convenience [kɔn'vi:njɔns]n. 便利；便利的事物；厕所172, colleagues n. 同事；同行（colleague的复数）173, certification [,sɔ:tifi'keiɔɔn]n. 证明，保证；检定174, pleased [pli:zd]adj. 高兴的；乐意做某事v. 满意；愿意（please的过去分词形式）175, announce [ɔ'nauns]vt. 宣布；述说；预示；播报vi. 宣布参加竞选；当播音员176, component [kɔm'pɔunɔnt]adj. 组成的，构成的n. 成分；元件；组件177, sourcing ['sɔ:siŋ]n.纯源化v. 发起；向…提供消息（source的ing形式）178, redefine [,ri:di'fain]vt. 重新定义179, significant [sig'nifikɔnt]adj. 重大的；有意义的；有效的；值得注意的；意味深长的n. 有意义的事物；象征180, award [ɔ'wɔ:d]vt. 授予；判定n. 奖品；判决181, assigned adj. 已分配的；指定的v. 指定；委派；分配（assign的过去分词）182, implement ['implimɔnt, 'impliment]vt. 实现，使生效；实施，执行n. 工具，器具；手段183, culture ['kɔltɔɔ]n. 文化，文明；修养；栽培vt. 培养（等于cultivate）184, calibration [,kæli'breiɔɔn]n. 刻度；校准；标度185, technician [tek'niɔɔn]n. 技师，技术员；技巧纯熟的人186, supervisor ['sju:pɔvaizɔ]n. 监督人，管理人；检查员187, promotion [prɔu'mɔuɔɔn]n. 促进；提升，晋升；推销，促销；发扬，振兴188, corporation [,kɔ:pɔ'reiɔɔn]n. 公司；社团；法人（团体）；[口]大腹便便；市政当局189, organization [,ɔ:ɡɔnai'zeiɔɔn, -ni'z-]n. 组织；机构；团体；体制190, announcement [ɔ'naunsmɔnt]n. 通告；宣告；公告；发表191, principle ['prinsɔpl]n. 原理，原则；主义，道义；本质，本义；根源，源泉192, retain [ri'tein]vt. 保持；雇；记住193, committed [kɔ'mitid]adj. 坚定的；效忠的；承担义务的v. 委托；承诺；干坏事；付诸（commit的过去分词）194, engaged [in'ɡeidɔd]adj. 使用中的，忙碌的v. 约定；保证；同…订婚（engage的过去分词）195, accessing n. [计]访问v. 接近；到达；[计]访问（access的ing形式）196, convincing [kɔn'vinsiŋ]adj. 令人信服的；有说服力的v. 使相信；使明白（convince的现在分词）197, strategy ['strætidɔi]n. 战略，策略198, objective [ɔb'dɔektiv, ɔb-]adj. 客观的；目标的；[语法学]宾格的n. 目标；目的；[光学]物镜；[语法学]宾格199, inspire [in'spaiɔ]vt. 鼓舞；激发；启示；产生；使生灵感200, exposure [ik'spɔuɔɔ]n. 暴露；曝光；陈列；揭露201, advancement [ɔd'vɑ:nsmɔnt, ɔd'væns-]n. 前进，进步；提升202, accurate ['ækjurɔt]adj. 精确的203, operation [,ɔpɔ'reiɔɔn]n. 操作；手术；经营；运算204, discourteous [dis'kɔ:tjɔs, -ti-]adj. 失礼的，无礼貌的；粗鲁的205, coordinate [kɔu'ɔ:dinit, kɔu'ɔ:dineit]n. 坐标；同等的人或物adj. 同等的；并列的vt. 调整；整合vi. 协调206, details n. 详细资料；细节（detail的复数）v. 详细说明（detail的三单形式）207, phenomenon [fi'nɔminən,fə-]n.现象；奇迹；杰出的人才208, bobbin ['bɔbin]n.线筒；缠线管，缠线板；卷线轴209, crack [kræk]vt. 使破裂；打开；变声vi. 爆裂；破裂n. 裂缝；声变；噼啪声adj. 最好的；高明的210, sorted ['sɔ:tid]adj.分选的；分类的；挑选的v. 分类（sort的过去分词）211, investigation [in,vesti'ɡeiʃən]n.调查；调查研究212, separate ['sepəreit,'sepərit]vt. 使分离；使分居；使分开vi. 分开；分居；隔开adj. 分开的；单独的n. 抽印本；分开213, tracking ['trækiŋ]n.追踪，跟踪v. 跟踪（track的ing形式）214, note [nəut]n. 笔记；注解；便笺；照会；音符；调子；票据；纸币vt. 记录；注意；注解215, bottom ['bɔtəm]n.底部；臀部；末端；尽头adj. 底部的vt. 装底；测量深浅；查明真相vi. 建立基础；到达底部216, prompt [prɔmpt]adj.敏捷的，迅速的；立刻的vt. 促进；激起；提示；（给演员）提白n. 提示；付款期限；DOS命令：改变DOS系统提示符的风格adv. 准时地217, endure [in'djuə]vt.忍耐；容忍vi. 忍耐；持续218, insulator ['insjuleitə,'insə-]n. [电]绝缘体；从事绝缘工作的工人219, termination [,tə:mi'neiʃən]n.结束，终止220, submit [səb'mit]vt.使服从；呈递；主张vi. 提交；服从221, comment ['kɔment]n.评论；意见；批评vi. 发表评论；发表意见vt. 为…作评语222, risk [risk]n. 危险；风险；冒险vt. 冒…的危险223, impact ['impækt, im'pækt]vt. 撞击；冲突；影响；压紧vi. 冲击；产生影响n. 效果；影响；碰撞；冲击力224, function ['fʌŋkʃən]n. 功能；函数；职责；盛大的集会vi. 行使职责；运行；活动225, scheduled ['sʃedju:əld,-dʒu:-,'skedʒu:əld,-dʒuə-]adj. 预定的；已排程的v. 把…列表；把…列入计划；安排（schedule的过去分词）226, release [ri'li:s]vt. 释放；发射；让与；允许发表n. 释放；发布；让与227, storage ['stɔridʒ]n.存储；仓库；贮藏所228, verify ['verifai]vt. 核实；查证229, mechanism ['mekənizəm]n.机械装置；机制；技巧；原理，途径；进程230, purchase ['pə:tʃəs]n.购买；紧握；起重装置vt. 购买；赢得vi. 购买东西231, pending ['pendiŋ]adj.未决定的；行将发生的prep. 在…期间；直到…时为止；在等待…之际v. 待定；悬而不决（pend的ing形式）232, thinner n. 稀释剂，冲淡剂adj. 薄的；细的；瘦的233, alcohol ['ælkəhɔl]n.酒精，乙醇234, solvent ['sɔlvənt,'sɔ:l-]adj.有溶解力的；有偿付能力的n. 溶剂；解决方法235, abrasion [ə'breiʒənn.磨损；擦伤；磨耗236, resistance [ri'zistəns]n.抵抗；抵抗力；反抗；电阻；阻力237, ink [iŋk]vt.涂墨水于；签署n. 墨水，墨汁；油墨238, competent ['kɔmpitənt]adj.能干的；足够的；胜任的；有能力的239, president ['prezidənt]n.总统；校长；董事长240, marketing ['mɑ:kitiŋ]n.行销，销售v. 出售；在市场上进行交易；使…上市（market 的ing形式）241, summary ['sʌməri]adj.扼要的；简易的n. 概要，摘要242, complete [kəm'pli:t]adj.完全的；完整的；彻底的vt. 完成243, assessment [ə'sesmənt]n.评定；估价244, advance [əd'vɑ:ns, əd'væns]n.前进；预付款；发展；增长vt. 预付；提出；使……前进；将……提前vi. 前进；进展；上涨adj. 预先的；先行的245, guidance ['ɡaidəns]n.指导，引导；领导246, intent [in'tent]n. 意图；目的；含义adj. 专心的；急切的；坚决的247, criteria [krai'tiəriə]n.标准，条件（criterion的复数）248, worksheet ['wə:kʃi:t]n. 工作表，工作单249, column ['kɔləm]n.圆柱，柱形物；纵队，列；专栏250, criterion [krai'tiəriən]n.（批评判断的）标准；准则；准据；规范251, document ['dɔkjumənt,'dɔkjument]n.文件，公文；文档；证件vt. 用文件证明252, alternatively [ɔ:l'tə:nətivli]adv.非此即彼；二者择一地；作为一种选择253, individual [,indi'vidjuəl,-dʒəl]adj.个别的；个人的；独特的n. 个人，个体254, commitment [kə'mitmənt]n.承诺，保证；承担义务；委托；献身255, framework ['freimwə:k]n.结构，构架；框架，骨架256, suitability n. 适当；相配；适合257, issue ['iʃju:, 'isju:]n. 流出；发行物；问题；期号vt. 发行，发布；放出，排出；发给vi. 发行；流出；造成…结果；传下258, approximately adv. 大约，近似地；近于259, interrupt vt. 中断；妨碍；插嘴；打断vi. 打断；打扰n. 中断260, quarterly ['kwɔ:təli]adj.季度的，按季度的；一年四次的adv. 按季度，一季一次地；纵横四分地n. 季刊261, license ['laisəns]n.执照，许可证；特许vt. 发许可证给；特许；许可262, obtain [əb'tein,ɔb-]vi.获得；流行vt. 获得263, rated ['reitid]adj. 额定的v. 估价；认为（rate的过去分词）264, protagonist [prəu'tæɡənist]n.主角，主演；主要人物，领导者265, enhance [in'hɑ:ns, -hæns]vt. 提高；增加；加强266, agency ['eidʒənsi]n.代理，中介；代理处，经销处267, certificate [sə'tifikeit]vt. 发给证明书；以证书形式授权给…；用证书批准n. 证书；执照，文凭268, device [di'vais]n. 装置；策略；图案269, laboratory [lə'bɔrətəri]n.实验室，研究室270, inspection [in'spekʃən]n.视察，检查271, standard ['stændəd]n.标准；度量衡标准；旗；水准adj. 标准的；合规格的；公认为优秀的272, align [ə'lain]vt.使结盟；使成一行；匹配vi. 排列；排成一行273, perform [pə'fɔ:m]vt.执行；完成；演奏vi. 表演；执行，机器运转274, compliance [kəm'plaiəns]n.顺从，服从；承诺275, accountability [ə,kauntə'biləti]n.可说明性；有义务；有责任276, overview ['əuvəvju:]n.概观；综述277, proficient [prəu'fiʃənt]adj.熟练的，精通的n. 专家，能手；精通278, stamp [stæmp]n. 邮票；印记；跺脚；标志vt. 铭记；标出；盖章于…；贴邮票于…；用脚踩踏vi. 捣碎；跺脚；毁掉279, relay ['ri:lei, ri'lei]vi. 转播；接替n. [电工]继电器；接替，接替人员；驿马vt. 转播；使接替；分程传递280, temporary ['tempərəri]adj.暂时的，临时的n. 临时工，临时雇员281, inherent [in'hiərənt]adj.固有的；内在的；与生俱来的，遗传的282, memorable ['memərəbl]adj.显著的，难忘的；值得纪念的283, stellar ['stelə]adj.星的；星球的；主要的284, relocate [,ri:ləu'keit,ri:'ləukeit]vt.重新安置；迁移vi. 迁移新址；重新安置285, necessary ['nesisəri]adj.必要的；必然的；必需的n. 必需品286, afterward ['ɑ:ftəwəd, 'æf-]adv. 以后，后来287, additional [ə'diʃənəl]adj.附加的，额外的288, premier ['premjə,pri'miə, 'pri:m-]adj. 第一的；最初的n. 总理，首相289, considerable [kən'sidərəbl]adj.重要的，值得考虑的；相当大的290, overcome [,əuvə'kʌm]vt.克服；胜过vi. 得胜；克服291, condition [kən'diʃən]n.条件；情况；环境vt.决定；使适应；使健康；以…为条件292, install [in'stɔ:l]vt.任命；安装；安顿293, observance [əb'zə:vəns]n.遵守；仪式；惯例；庆祝294, adequate ['ædikwit]adj. 适当的；胜任的；充足的295, regulate ['reɡjuleit]vt.调节，规定；有系统的管理；控制；校准296, substance ['sʌbstəns]n.物质；实质；主旨；资产297, periodical [,piəri'ɔdikəl]adj.定期的；周期的n. 期刊；杂志298, outlook ['autluk, ,aut'luk]n. 观点；景色；展望vt. 比……好看；vi. 朝外看299, emergency [i'mə:dʒənsi]n.紧急情况；突发事件；非常时刻adj. 紧急的；备用的300, permanent ['pə:mənənt]adj. 永久的，永恒的；不变的n. [口]烫发（等于permanent wave）301, clarify ['klærifai]vt. 澄清；阐明vi. 得到澄清；变得明晰；得到净化302, vibrate [vai'breit]vi. 振动；颤动；摇摆；踌躇vt. 使振动；使颤动303, dedicate ['dedikeit, 'dedikit, -keit]vt. 致力；献身；题献304, specialist ['speʃəlist]n.专家；专门医师adj. 专家的；专业的305, agenda [ə'dʒendə]n.议程；日常工作事项306, occupancy ['ɔkjupənsi]n.占有；占用；居住307, extensive [ik'stensiv]adj. 广泛的；广阔的；大量的308, negotiating n. 谈判v. 磋商；谈判（negotiate的ing形式）309, behalf [bi'hɑ:f]n.利益；代表310, involvement [in'vɔlvmənt]n.牵连；混乱；包含；财政困难311, progress ['prəuɡres,'prɔ-,prəu'ɡres]n.进步，发展；前进vi. 进行；前进，进步312, accomplishment [ə'kʌmpliʃmənt,ə'kɔm-]n.成就；完成；技艺，技能313, accomplish [ə'kʌmpliʃ,ə'kɔm-]vt.完成；实现；达到314, documentation [,dɔkjument'teiʃən]n.文件材料315, registration [,redʒi'streiʃən]n.注册；登记；挂号316, ensure [in'ʃuə]vt.保证，确保；使安全317, chronic ['krɔnik]adj.慢性的；长期的；习惯性的318, proprietary [prəu'praiətəri]n.所有权；所有人adj. 所有的；专利的；私人拥有的319, project ['prɔdʒekt,'prəu,prə'dʒekt]vi.设计；表达；计划；投射vt. 设计；放映；计划；发射n. 事业；计划；工程320, assume [ə'sju:m,ə'su:m]vt.假定；承担；呈现；采取vi. 装腔作势；多管闲事321, judgment ['dʒʌdʒmənt]n.判断；裁判；判决书；辨别力322, pressure ['preʃə]n.压力；压迫，压强vt. 迫使；密封；使……增压323, vaguely adv. 暧昧地；含糊地；茫然地324, precisely adv. 精确地；恰恰325, determine [di'tə:min]vt.决定；使…下定决心；判决vi. 决定；确定；判决，终止326, suspect [sə'spekt,'sʌspekt]n.嫌疑犯adj. 不可信的；可疑的vt. 怀疑；猜想327, frequently ['fri:kwəntli]adv.时常，屡次；频繁地，经常地328, membership ['membəʃip]n.资格；成员资格；会员身分329, configuration [kən,fiɡju'reiʃən]n.配置；结构；外形330, bulletin ['bulitin]n. 公告，公报vt. 公布，公告331, expire [ik'spaiə, ek-]vi. 终止；期满；死亡；呼气vt. 呼出（空气）332, sentence ['sentəns]n.宣判，判决；句子，命题vt. 判决，宣判333, phrase [freiz]n. 成语；习语；措词vt. 用短语表达；用语言表达vi. 用话表示334, brief [bri:f]adj. 简短的，简洁的；短暂的，草率的n. 概要，诉书；摘要，简报vt. 作…的提要；简报，摘要335, warrant ['wɔrənt,'wɔ:-]n.正当理由；根据；；证明vt. 保证；担保；辩解；批准336, exception [ik'sepʃən]n.例外；异议337, provide [prəu'vaid]vt.规定；提供；准备；装备vi. 抚养；规定；作准备338, tolerance ['tɔlərəns]n.公差；容忍；宽容；公差339, stage [steidʒ]n.舞台；戏剧；驿站；阶段 vt. 上演；举行；筹划 vi. 适于上演；举行；乘驿车旅行340, plus [plʌs]n.正号，加号；附加额；好处adj. 正的；附加的prep. 加，加上341, grasp [ɡrɑ:sp,ɡræsp]n.理解；控制；抓住vt. 抓住；领会vi. 抓342, evaporation [i,væpə'reiʃən]n.蒸发；消失343, vapor ['veipə]n.蒸汽；烟雾vt. 使……蒸发；使……汽化vi. 蒸发；吹牛；沮丧344, civil ['sivəl]adj.公民的；民间的；文职的；有礼貌的；根据民法的345, adhesive [əd'hi:siv]n.粘合剂；胶黏剂adj. 带粘性的；粘着的346, barrier ['bæriə]n.障碍物，屏障；界线vt. 把…关入栅栏347, gotta ['ɡɔtə]adv.必须（等于have got to）348, deploy [di:'plɔi]vt.配置；展开；使疏开vi. 展开；部署n. 部署349, measurement ['meʒəmənt]n.测量；尺寸；度量；量度制350, maintenance ['meintənəns]n.维护，维修；保持；生活费用351, restriction [ri'strikʃən]n.限制；约束；束缚352, breakage ['breikidʒ]n.破损；破坏；裂口；破损量353, preliminary [pri'liminəri]n.初步措施；预赛；准备adj. 预备的；初步的；开始的354, torque [tɔ:k]n.转矩，扭矩；项圈，金属领圈355, reference ['refərəns]n. 参考，参照；涉及，提及；参考书目；介绍信；证明书vi. 引用vt. 引用356, presentation [,prezən'teiʃən, ,pri:-]n. 介绍；赠送；描述，陈述357, forecast ['fɔ:kɑ:st]vt.预报，预测；预示n. 预想；预测，预报vi. 进行预报，作预测358, straighten ['streitənvt.使…改正；使…挺直；使…好转；整顿vi. 好转；变直359, deterioration [di,tiəriə'reiʃən]n.恶化；退化；堕落360, discipline ['disiplin]n. 纪律；学科；训练；惩罚vt. 训练，训导；惩戒361, maintaining n. 保养；维护v. 维持；保养（maintain的ing形式）362, distinguish [dis'tiŋɡwiʃ]vt.辨别；区分；使杰出，使表现突出vi. 区别，区分；辨别363, establish [i'stæbliʃ]vt.建立；安置；创办vi. 植物定植364, superfluous [sju'pə:fluəs]adj.多余的；不必要的；[废]奢侈的365, interval ['intəvəl]n.间隔；幕间休息；间距366, interim ['intərim]adj.临时的，暂时的；中间的；间歇的n. 过渡时期，；暂定367, purpose ['pə:pəs]n.目的；用途；意志vt. 打算；企图；决心368, definition [,difi'niʃən]n.定义；清晰度；解说369, contamination [kən,tæmi'neiʃən]n.污染，玷污；污染物370, indicate ['indikeit]vt. 指出；表明；象征；预示371, inorganic [inɔ:'ɡænik]adj.无机的；无生物的372, insufficient [,insə'fiʃənt]adj.不足的，不充足的n. 不足373, spectrum ['spektrəm]n. [物]光谱；[电信]频谱；[心]余象；范围374, spectra ['spektrə]n.光谱；范围（spectrum的复数形式）375, external [ik'stə:nəl]adj. 外部的；表面的；外面的；[药]外用的；外国的n. 外部；外面；外观376, anomaly [ə'nɔməli]n.不规则；异常；反常事物377, reveal [ri'vi:l]vt. 揭露；显示；透露；泄露n. 揭露；暴露；门侧，窗侧378, examination [iɡ,zæmi'neiʃən]n.考试；检查；查问379, annex [ə'neks, 'æneks]vt. 附加；并吞；获得n. 附加物；附属建筑物380, investigate [in'vestiɡeit]v.调查；研究381, conformance [kən'fɔ:məns]n.顺应；一致性382, vice [vais]n. 缺点；恶习；老虎钳；卖淫prep. 代替vt. 钳住adj. 代替的；383, embodiment [im'bɔdimənt]n.体现；化身；具体化384, sector ['sektə]n.部门；扇形，扇区；象限仪；函数尺vt. 把…分成扇形385, rust [rʌst]n.锈；生锈；锈病vt. 使生锈；腐蚀vi. 生锈；成铁锈色；变迟钝386, convey [kən'vei]vt.传达；让与；运输387, capture ['kæptʃə] vt. 俘获；夺得n. 战利品，俘虏；捕获388, instant ['instənt]adj.立即的；紧急的；紧迫的n. 瞬间；片刻；立即389, cust abbr. 海关（Customs）390, industry ['indəstri]n.工业；产业；勤勉391, overlap [,əuvə'læp,'əuvəlæp]n. 重叠；重复vi. 部分重叠；部分的同时发生vt. 与…重叠；与…同时发生392, formalism ['fɔ:məlizəm]n.形式主义；[数]形式体系393, potentially adv. 可能地，潜在地394, implication [,impli'keiʃən]n.暗示；牵连，卷入；含义395, category ['kætiɡəri]n. 种类，分类；范畴396, occurrence [ə'kə:rəns,-'kʌ-]n.事件；发生；出现；发现397, disconnect [,diskə'nekt]vt.拆开，使分离vi. 断开398, disclose [dis'kləuz] vt. 揭露；公开399, circumstance ['sə:kəmstəns]n.环境，情况；事件；境遇400, candidate ['kændideit, -dət]n.候选人，候补者；应试者401, button ['bʌtən]n. [计]按钮；钮扣vt. 扣紧；扣住；在…上装钮扣vi. 扣住；装有钮扣；扣上钮扣402, triangle ['traiæŋɡl]n.三角（形）；三角形之物；三人一组；三角关系403, calendar ['kælində]n.日历；历法；日程表vt. 将…列入表中；将…排入日程表404, clearance ['kliərəns]n.清除；空隙405, submission [səb'miʃən]n.服从；提交（物）；投降；谦恭；[律]（向法官提出的）意见406, compound ['kɔmpaund,kəm'paund]vt.混合；合成；和解妥协；搀合vi. 妥协；和解n. 化合物；复合词；混合物adj. 复合的；混合的407, obvious ['ɔbviəs] adj. 明显的；显著的；平淡无奇的408, accuse [ə'kju:z]vt.控告，指控；谴责；归咎于vi. 控告；指责409, insult [in'sʌlt]vt.侮辱；辱骂；损害n. 侮辱；凌辱；无礼410, deny [di'nai]vt. 否定，否认；拒绝给予；拒绝…的要求vi. 否认；拒绝411, thumb [θʌm]vt.以拇指拨弄；作搭车手势；笨拙地摆弄；翻阅vi. 用拇指翻书页；竖起拇指要求搭车n. 拇指412, suffer ['sʌfə]vt.忍受；遭受；经历vi. 受损害；受痛苦；遭受，忍受；经验413, consummate ['kɔnsə,meit]adj.至上的；完美的；圆满的vt. 完成；作成；使达到极点414, physician [fi'ziʃən]n.医师；内科医师415, humiliate [hju:'milieit] vt. 使…丢脸；羞辱；耻辱416, trade [treid]n. 贸易，交易；行业；职业vi. 交易，买卖；以物易物vt. 用…进行交换给大家推荐一个英语微信群Empty Your Cup英语微信群是目前学习英语最有效的方法，群里都是说英语，没有半个中文，而且规则非常严格，是一个超级不错的英语学习环境，群里有好多英语超好的超牛逼的人，还有鬼佬和外国美眉。
4000词汇电子版 Essential English Words5
intellect
keen mythology physiology radioactive relativity sociology
n;adv;v n. 怨言adv. 抱怨地表示；嘟囔地说vi. 抱怨；嘟囔
n;adj;adv
n. 内地；内陆adj. 内陆的；内地的；国内的adv. 在内地；向内 地；向内陆；在内陆
grumble inland moisture nonetheless oath prairie
ragged
rugged
scarce speculate analytic assert
bachelor
calculus celestial cognitive
collision
competent
diploma
n. 电脑高速缓冲存储器；贮存物；隐藏处vt. 隐藏；窖藏
n. 便利；厕所；便利的事物 n. 缺乏；饥馑；粮食不足
adj. 故意的；深思熟虑的；从容的vt. 仔细考虑；商议
adj. 可怕的；悲惨的；极端的
n. 流逝；时间的过去vi. 消逝；时间过去
n. 感同身受；同感；共鸣 adj. 想象的；稀奇的
n
n. 水分；湿度；潮湿；降雨量
unit2 unit2 unit2
adv
adv. 尽管如此，但是
unit2
n
n. 誓言，誓约；诅咒，咒骂
unit2
n
n. 大草原；牧场
unit2
adj
adj. 衣衫褴褛的；粗糙的；参差不齐 的；锯齿状的
unit2
adj
adj. 糙的
崎岖的；坚固的；高低不平的；粗
1000 Basic English Words 4_Word List_ENG
727
728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735
Word awful crazy huge moment odd pour
regret
steal thief tough chance extra hall immediately intend
736
mention
v.
Jude forgot to mention that he had to leave class early.
something, often quickly
the way someone acts or
737
reaction
n. feels after something It was a mistake to tell Jim the news. His reaction was very bad.
happens
738
score
v. to win a point in a game Jose scored the winning goal at last night’s game.
739
search
v. to look for
Alex searched the sky for the cause of the noise.
common
diet
evidence fit limit
physical poison
sale type amount
cure disease
1000 Basic English Words (Book 4)
Unit 2 Word List
English Word(中译英)
招待__________________道谢__________________担心的__________________微笑__________________无一人__________________失望的__________________品尝__________________没人缘的__________________ 愚蠢的__________________残暴的__________________地主__________________似乎__________________歌剧__________________电影__________________感动人的__________________ 自豪的__________________骄傲__________________发气味的__________________ 摆放餐具__________________ 心烦的__________________惊奇的__________________哭泣__________________孤独的__________________活泼的__________________使高兴起来__________________ 生气的__________________开始__________________落入__________________惊吓的__________________最后__________________形成__________________角色__________________面部的__________________姿势__________________文化__________________外国人__________________当今__________________和平__________________与某人和解__________________ 感激的__________________严格的__________________ 对·严格要求__________________ 害羞的__________________送__________________电子贺卡__________________别紧张__________________不及格__________________感觉__________________笑话__________________经历__________________建议__________________正常的__________________柔和的__________________紧张不安的__________________ 外地人__________________ 像···一样__________________ 通常的__________________习惯于__________________接受__________________拍手__________________对付__________________年长的__________________拒绝__________________明白__________________忧伤__________________任何人__________________不公平的__________________虽然__________________即使__________________不再__________________镇静__________________（使）平静__________________ 有苦味的__________________ 使···安心的__________________ 厌倦的__________________测试__________________演讲__________________班长__________________影响__________________ 与···相处__________________ 同校同学__________________心情__________________老板__________________中小学校长__________________ 同事__________________护照__________________特别__________________悬挂__________________眼泪__________________睡着的__________________入睡__________________念头__________________自信的__________________地震__________________话题__________________噪声__________________情绪__________________这样的__________________例如__________________杂志__________________仔细考虑__________________决定__________________感觉__________________丈夫__________________妻子__________________田野__________________交通工具__________________查明__________________任务__________________飞机__________________航空公司__________________决定__________________总的__________________日出__________________筹集__________________讨论__________________预定__________________卧铺__________________电影院__________________宾馆__________________预定__________________冰箱__________________（_____________【简写】）空调系统__________________标准的__________________条件__________________舒服的__________________人__________________算出__________________普通的__________________想出（主意）__________________美元__________________抽奖__________________卖__________________可移动电话__________________中午__________________安全地__________________顶部__________________向前__________________盼望（做）某事__________________受到···的来信__________________ 一···就···__________________庙宇__________________白天__________________在白天__________________当地的__________________收到__________________ 认识到__________________ 明信片__________________ 谢天谢地__________________ 下赌注__________________当然__________________考察__________________对话__________________完美的__________________野营度假__________________远足__________________徒步旅行__________________西北__________________拱门__________________标明__________________开始__________________神的__________________官员__________________勘测__________________骆驼__________________威望__________________东方的__________________北方__________________东北部__________________东方__________________东南__________________参观__________________空间__________________人群__________________推__________________方位__________________踩__________________脚趾__________________注意__________________视线__________________看不见__________________跳动__________________慢慢地__________________巨大的__________________在···旁边__________________伤心地__________________忍不住__________________发电子邮件__________________背包__________________卫兵__________________乘客__________________ 测定时间__________________ 疯狂的__________________ 阶段__________________任何地方__________________ 中心的__________________ 污染__________________ 成功的__________________ 不可能的__________________ 锦标赛__________________ 死__________________ 冠军__________________急转弯的__________________放慢速度__________________减速__________________相反的__________________冲__________________热线__________________警察__________________头盔__________________浅色的__________________罚款__________________十字路口__________________警告__________________摩托车__________________左手的__________________问题__________________勇气__________________带领__________________平坦的__________________成功__________________骑自行车的人__________________成绩__________________中级的__________________道路__________________挑战__________________面对面的__________________复出__________________环法自行车赛__________________继续干某事__________________直到__________________再一次__________________一定会__________________超级明星__________________最后的__________________结果__________________弄坏的__________________亚洲__________________海拔__________________。
English word
portable[port·a·ble || 'pɔrtəbl /'pɔː-]adj.可携带的, 可移动的, 可搬运的obtain[ob·tain || əb'teɪn]v.得到, 获得; 得到公认; 流行; 通用; 存在prior[pri·or || 'praɪə(r)]n.小修道院院长; 大修道院副院长adj.在先的, 在前的; 优先的, 更重要的; 居先的independent[,in·de'pend·ent || ‚ɪndɪ'pendənt]n.中立派; 无党派者adj.独立自主的; 不受约束的loyalty['loy·al·ty || 'lɔɪəltɪ]n.忠诚; 忠诚的行为; 忠心supervise[su·per·vise || 'suːpə(r)vaɪz]v.监督; 指导; 管理disclose[dis·close || dɪs'kləʊz]v.揭露; 透露compliance[com·pli·ance || kəm'plaɪəns]n.承诺, 屈从, 顺从consent[con·sent || kən'sent]n.同意, 许可v.同意; 答应; 赞成hospitality[hos·pi·tal·i·ty || ‚hɑspɪ'tælətɪ/‚hɒs-]n.款待, 殷勤, 亲切goodwilln.善意; 亲切bid[bid·|| bɪd]v.出价; 祝愿; 投标; 命令, 吩咐; 投标; 喊价, 出价; 叫牌n.出价; 投标; 喊价; 出价数目uphold[up'hold || ʌp'həʊld]v.支撑, 鼓励, 赞成bribery['brib·er·y || braɪbərɪ]n.贿络行为, 受贿, 行贿comply[com·ply || kəm'plaɪ]v.顺从; 遵守; 答应consultant[con'sult·ant || -tənt]n.顾问, 商议者improperlyadv.不正确地; 不适当地allocate[al·lo·cate || 'æləʊkeɪt]v.分派; 分配, 放在一边; 指明某个任务或操作系统来源的一份(计算机用语) alumnus[a'lumnus || -nəs]n.男毕业生, 男校友fraud[frɔːd]n.欺骗; 骗局; 诡计; 骗子counsel[coun·sel || 'kaʊnsl]n.律师; 商议; 劝告v.劝告, 忠告; 提议; 商议, 劝告inadvertentlyadv.不注意地submit[sub'mit || səb'mɪt]v.使服从, 使屈服; 提交, 呈递; 使经受, 使受到; 建议, 认为; 屈服, 服从prompt[prɑmpt /prɒmpt]n.催促; 付款期限; 提醒; 提示v.促使; 怂恿; 激励; 引起, 激起adj.迅速的, 立刻的, 敏捷的incidentally[,in·ci'den·tal·ly || ‚ɪntlɪ]adv.附带地; 不经意地; 偶然地; 顺便提一句1.A long road tests a horse’s strength and along task proves a man’s heart. 路遥知马力日久见人心2.Travel imparts new vigor to the mind. 旅行给思想带来新的活力3.Everthing is going on，but don’t give up trying. 万事随缘，但不要放弃努力。
TheSignificanceofEnglishWordFormation
TheSignificanceofEnglishWordFormationThe Significance of English Word FormationAbstract:Nowadays, English plays an increasingly important role in the international communication. For many countries, English is regarded as their second language, even though it is inferior to their mother one. As for English learners, especially Chinese students, learning English is an extremely important task with the economic globalization and the rapid communication with the world. However, learning English is difficult for us in some aspects, such as history, culture, grammar, especially lexicon. The study of word building is clearly in the area of vocabulary development. Although the enlargement of vocabulary depends on many aspects such as historical, cultural, and social factors, one of the best ways to enlarge our vocabulary is to analyze and understand how words are formed. That is to say, the more effective way to facilitate the development of English vocabulary is word formation.Key Words: word formation; language; significanceIntroduction:As for English learners, especially Chinese students, learning English is an extremely important task wish the economic globalization and the rapid communication with the world. The first big change was in vocabulary. However, V ocabulary is one of the main holdbacks of English study. In order to master English word correctly and efficiently in the short time, learners should use the best way to learn English. Among them, word formation is the strongest one to form a great rang of vocabulary. This paper discusses the advantages of word formation from the development of English word formation, word formation rules and styles and the significance.Chapter 1The development of English word formatio n:English language has developed with the process of the human society all the time. The out- date of some old words means that we need to create some new words tocatch up with our demands, while the coinage of new words, to a large extent has conformed with some grammatical principles and has some rules in it .So, the continuous consummation and development of language " replacing the old with the new " has behaved a kind of principle named "word formation".Nowadays, the terms …word formation? does not have a clear cut, universally accepted usage. It is sometimes referred to all processes connected with changing the form of the word by, for example, affixation, which is a matter of morphology. In its wider sense word formation denotes the processes of creation of new lexical units. Although it seems that the difference between morphological change of a word and creation of a new term is quite easy to perceive, there is sometimes a dispute as to whether blending is still a morphological change or making a new word. There are, of course, numerous word formation processes that do not arouse any controversies and are very similar in the majority of languages .The English language has increased its resources not only through the adoption of words from other languages, but also through the formation of new words with the material available in the language. Before we discuss the word-formation, we need to have a basic knowledge of morphological structure of words and gain something about the different word forming elements which are to be used to create new words.Chapter 2Word formation rules and styles:Word-formation rules define the scope and methods whereby speakers of a language may create new word rules themselves are not fixed but undergo changes. Root: A root is the basic unchangeable part of a word and it conveys the main lexical meaning of the word.Free root: A root which can stand itself and can be used separately to form a new word. A word consisting of one free root or one morpheme is a simple word. A free root is a free morpheme.Bound root: bound root is a root which cannot occur as a separate word apart from any other morpheme.Stem: A stem refers to the surplus part after the cutting of inflectional morpheme in a word with inflectional morphemes Base: A base is any form to which affixes of any kind can be added. It may also be defined as ''a form to which a rule of word-formation is applied. This means that any root or stem can be termed a base. Such as, desirable is a base in undesirable. The differences among root and stem and base:A root is the basic unchangeable part of a word, no further analysis. Such as nation is a root in international.A stem is the surplus part after the cutting of inflectional morpheme in a word with inflectional morphemes, can be further analyzed, it sometimes could be a root. E.g. desire is a stem in desired.A base is a form to which a rule of word-formation is applied; it could be a root or a stem. Such as integration is a base in international.Compounding Composition or Compoundin g:Compounding consists of combining two or more words into one which now expresses a single idea and functions as a separate lexical unit. Compounding is the most productive word-formation process in contemporary English.The lexical meaning of compounds is determined by the lexical meanings of its bases and the structural meaning of its distributional pattern. The distributional pattern shows the order and arrangement of the bases. Two compounds that have the same bases but different distributional patterns will have different meanings (a finger-ring, a ring-finger). As a rule a second base determines the part of speech meaning of the compound. The lexical meaning of a compound doesn't coincide with the combined meanings of its bases. There is always some additional semantic element that reflects among objects and phenomena in the outer world.If the meaning of the compound and the semantic relations between the bases are clear then the compound is motivated If the meaning of the compound and the semantic relations between the bases are not clear then the compound is non-motivated.Affixation or Derivation.Affixation, also called derivation, is a process in which a free morph is combined with a bound morph, or a suffix. It is generally defined as the formation of words by adding derivational affixes to different types of bases. There are two types of derivative. One bases on free root with affix or bound root, the other bases on boundwith affix or other bound root.Types of affixes- Prefixes- Suffixes- InfixesTwo types of derivative?s structure- Free + affix/bound rootPrefix + free rootFree + suffixPrefix + free root + suffixCombining form + free root-Bound root + affix/bound rootPrefix + bound root (with formation)Bound root (with formation) + suffixPrefix + bound root (without formation)Combining form + combining formChapter 3The significance:1. By understanding the structure of the word we can consolidate what we have learned.When we read some articles such as technical or professional passages, or some complicated novels, we may meet some new words. If we know some information of word formation, we can not only analyze the word structure and the denotation of the word, but guess the meaning of the word as well. For examples:If we know the meaning of the root of anthrop-[man] is human being ,we will guess some word related to it according to our knowledge. Such as: anthropology（⼈类学）、anthropoid（类⼈的）、anthropologist（⼈类学家）、anthropological（⼈类学的）、philanthropist（慈善家）、misanthropist（厌世者）etc.2. Getting a deeper understanding of a word by analyzing each part of the word. Getting a deeper understanding of a word by analyzing each part of the wordso that we can not only learn about the surface meaning but also the deeper connotation of the word. Word formation is a simple and efficient way to help students grasp a lot of English and build up their vocabulary in a short time so as to greatly improve their ability to read English literature.3. Increasing our vocabulary:Enlarging English vocabulary is of great significance in English acquisition. Learning the rules of word-formation helps to enlarge our vocabulary If we consciously increase our vocabulary we will unconsciously raise yourself to a more important station in life, and the new and higher position we have won will, in turn, give our a better opportunity for further enriching our vocabulary. The significance of studying English word formation mainly lies in these aspects. First of all, neologism is a mirror of society, which reflects its development and needs, it meets the developing situation. We can learn some new words by word formation easier. Second, the study of English word formation can be used in translation effectively. So, learning English word formation helps one do the translation works correctly. Finally, it is also very important for English learners to study English neologisms. through the study of word formation, we are able to recognize a complex word as a unit made up of organic parts and know how different parts are put together to form new words. Besides, English vocabularies changes along with society's development, and we must study English word formation to catch up with the times in order to improve our English abilities.The extension of meaning refers to enlarge the range of the lexical meaning.ConclusionAs a famous American translation theorist Eugene A. Nada said, “One of the most important characters in English is which could be easily changed.” With the development of society and the technical advancement, there are a great many neologisms emerging in the English vocabulary Word formation is that branch of lexicology which studies the patterns on which a language. Compounding is the most productive word forming process in contemporary English. The process of derivation or affixation forms new words by the addition of a word element, such as a prefix, suffix or combining from, to an already existing word.Conversion means the transferof a word from one word to another. The converted words are new not in form but in function. By functional shift, an old noun may come to be a new verb. Today the commonest conversions are from nouns into verbs, and from verbs into nouns. In this way old words are rejuvenated. The English language is thus endowed with a fresh vitality, variety, and power. We work hard at English so as to have a good command of word formation. .Enlarging English vocabulary is of great significance in English acquisition. Based on meaningful learning English word formation, attempting to some details about word formation in English language and learning English vocabulary: on the one hand, by analyzing the morphological structure of words, students can recognize the connections of the words with the same morphemes, and in this way students can: 1. draw inferences about other words from one instance; 2. have a better grasp of the form and its meaning; 3. reduce the spelling mistakes and distinguish the similar words efficiently; On the other hand, by analyzing its cognitive motivation, students can get a deeper understanding of the meaning.Works CitedBauer, L. English Word Formation, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.1983 Holley, Shawn. The New Word Revolution. Beijing: Qinghia University Press, 2000. Pyles, How to Increase Y ou Word Power, Reader’s digest, New Y ork, 2000.陈林华, An Introduction To Linguistics,吉林⼤学出版, 1999.卢春媚, 浅谈英语构词法, ⼴州⼤学学报, 2002.汪榕培,王之江:《英语词汇学》,上海外语教育出版社, 2008.汪榕培,《英语词汇调查》, 上海:上海外语教育出版社,1997.。
获奖记录英语
获奖记录英语1. What is the English word for “获奖记录”?Answer: Award record双语例句：- She has a long award record for her outstanding work in scientific research.她在科学研究方面的杰出工作获得了很多奖项。
- The company's award record proves its commitment to quality and innovation.该公司的获奖记录证明了它对于质量和创新的承诺。
- As a professional athlete, she has an impressive award record with several Olympic medals.作为一名职业运动员，她拥有令人印象深刻的获奖记录，并获得了多枚奥运会奖牌。
2. What is the English word for “金牌”?Answer: Gold medal双语例句：- He won a gold medal in the 100-meter sprint at the national championships.他在全国锦标赛的100米短跑比赛中获得了金牌。
- The team was ecstatic when they won the gold medal at the World Cup.那个团队在获得世界杯金牌时非常兴奋。
- She's the first woman from her country to win a gold medal in figure skating at the Winter Olympics.她是她国家第一位在冬奥会中获得花样滑冰金牌的女选手。
3. What is the English word for “纪录”?Answer: Record双语例句：- He broke the world record for the 200-meter freestyle swimming event.他打破了200米自由泳比赛的世界纪录。
my favorite english word
My Favorite English WordThere is a sentence from <kongfu panda> that impressed me deeply, which says ‘Yesterday is a history, tomorrow is a mystery, and today is a gift that is why it is called present.’ From that time, I fell in love with the word present.The word present has two different meanings; one is now, the other one is gift. When these two meanings are connected, I learn to be grateful to life, because every moment for me is a precious gift. There is always unexpectedness in life waiting for me. No matter it is good or not, I will always receive it with devoutness. I appreciate for every thing that once occur my life, that is what present taught me.Whenever referring to present, it reminds me of enjoying my life. Present means now, which pasts rather fast. So I learn to grow happiness around me. Someone once told me five simple rules to keep happy: free my heart from hatred, free my mind from worries, live simply, give more and expect less. From this word, I also learn to sow the seed of happiness wherever I may go because love and laughter are surely bound to grow.My favorite English word is present. It teaches that every breathe in my life is really precious. I learn to value every moment and most importantly, enjoy it.。
English word
Do they have to pay their bill before the end of the month?She didn’t use to play tennnis before she was fourteen.You ought not to have told her all about it.Ought he to see a heart specialist at once?In the morning in the afternoon in the evening in the dayAt dawn at daybreak at noon at night at midnight at six o’clock at seven thirtyAt half past eleven at nine fifteen at ten thirty a.m.Seven to five five minutes after two at a quarter to two at the weekendIn April in March in December 1986 in July 1983 in spring in summer in autumnIn winter in the first week of this semesterDon’t read book in dim light . They are reviewing their lesson in the bright lightThey are sitting in the shade of a tree. a prisoner in irons.He went in the rain to meet me at the station. The poor dressed in rags in old society.In the bright sunlight a merchant in disguise the woman in white in uniformIn brown shoes in his shirt sleevesThey wil come back in ten days. I’ll come round in a day or two. We’ll be back in no time.Li and I arrived at Heishan safe and sound, all is well. Don’t worry.I live in a great city,my sister lives at a small town while my parents live at a village.The workers are paving a road with stone.The teacher is correcting the paper with a new pen.“Taking Tiger Mountain by strategy” is a good opera.The product is separated by distilation into gasoline and gas oil.I really can’t express my idea in English freely in-deed.I worte a novel in Russian.The length is measured in meter, kilomatre, and centinetre.This is my hat. Do you like it？My brother often takes care of me.I’ve a lovely cat. She is my favorite. China is my motherland. She’s getting more and more beautiful.What’s wrong with the car? She won’t start. We all make mistakes.You should keep calm even when you are in danger.They say it’s going to be another cold winter.She and I are of the same age. I and my brother made the mistake.Stop to do sth/stop doing sth. They stop to smoke a cigarette. I must stop smoking.She reached the top of the hill and stopped to rest on a big rock by the side of the path.Forget to do sth(忘记要去做某事)/forget doing sth(忘记做过某事)The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.The forgot turning the light off.Don’t forget to come tomorrow.Remember to do sth(记得去做某事)/remember doing sth(记得做过某事)Remember to go to the post office after school.Don’t you remember seeing the man before?Regret to do sth(对要做的事遗憾)/regret doing sth(对做过的事遗憾、后悔)I regret to have to do this,but I have no choice.I don’t regret telling her what I thought.You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. Well, now I regret having done that. Cease to do sth:长时间，甚至永远停做某事/cease doing sth:短时停止做某事，以后还会接着做。
English+word+practice+game
They earn points for each correctly spelled word and progress through
different levels of diversity
The game chaห้องสมุดไป่ตู้lenges players to expand their vocabulary and
Word association
Provide a starting word and ask players to come up with as many associated words as possible within a given time limit
Word construction
Synonyms and antonyms
Provide a list of words and ask players to classify them into synonyms (words with similar meanings) and antonyms (words with opposite meanings)
Additional rules may apply depending on the specific game variant or version being played
02 Game content
02 Game content
Word classification
Word families
learn new words and their meanings
Game objectives
Players must identify and correctly spell English words from different categories, such as animals, fruits,
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个人资料name 姓名alias ['elɪəs]别名pen name 笔名date of birth 出生日期birth date 出生日期born 出生于birth place 出生地点age 年龄native place 籍贯province 省city 市autonomous region 自治区prefecture 专区county 县nationality 民族，国籍citizenship 国籍duel ['djuəl] citizenship 双重国籍address 地址current address 目前地址present address 目前地址permanent address 永久地址postal code /zip code邮政编码home phone 住宅电话office phone 办公电话business phone 办公电话Tel.电话sex 性别male 男female 女height 身高weight 体重marital status 婚姻状况family status 家庭状况married 已婚single/unmarried 未婚divorced 离异separated 分居number of children 子女人数none 无street 街lane 胡同，巷road 路district 区house number 门牌health 健康状况health condition 健康状况blood type 血型short-sighted 近视far-sighted 远视color-blind 色盲ID card No.身份证号码date of availability 可到职时间available 可到职membership 会员，资格president 会长vice-president 副会长director 理事standing director 常务理事secretary general 秘书长society 学会association 协会research society 研究会教育程度education 学历educational background 教育程度educational history 学历curriculum 课程major 主修minor 副修educational highlights 课程重点部分curriculum included 课程包括specialized courses 专门课程courses taken 所学课程courses completed 所学课程special training 特别训练social practice 社会实践part-time jobs 业余工作summer jobs 暑期工作vacation jobs 假期工作refresher course 进修课程extracurricular activities 课外活动physical activities 体育活动recreational activities 娱乐活动academic activities 学术活动social activities 社会活动rewards 奖励scholarship 奖学金"Three Goods" student 三好学生excellent League member 优秀团员excellent leader 优秀干部student council 学生会off-job training 脱产培训in-job training 在职培训educational system 学制academic year 学年semester 学期（美）term 学期（英）president 校长vice-president 副校长dean 院长assistant dean 副院长academic dean 教务长department chairman 系主任professor 教授associate professor 副教授guest professor 客座教授lecturer 讲师teaching assistant助教research fellow 研究员research assistant 助理研究员supervisor 论文导师principal 中学校长（美）headmaster 中学校长（英）master 小学校长（美）dean of studies 教务长dean of students 教导主任dean of students 教导主任teacher 教师probation teacher 代课教师tutor 家庭教师governess 女家庭教师intelligence quotient 智商pass 及格fail 不及格marks 分数grades 分数scores 分数examination 考试grade 年级class 班级monitor 班长vice-monitor副班长commissary in charge of studies 学习委员commissary in charge of entertainment 文娱委员commissary in charge of sports 体育委员commissary in charge of physical labor 劳动委员Party branch secretary 党支部书记League branch secretary 团支部书记commissary in charge of organization 组织委员commissary in charge of publicity 宣传委员degree 学位post doctorate 博士后doctor (Ph.D) 博士master 硕士bachelor 学士student 学生graduate student研究生abroad student 留学生returned student 回国留学生foreign student 外国学生undergraduate 大学肄业生senior 大学四年级学生；高中三年级学生Junior 大学三年级学生；高中二年级学生sophomore 大学二年级学生；高中一年级学生freshman 大学一年级学生guest student 旁听生（英）auditor 旁听生（美）government-supported student 公费生commoner 自费生extern 走读生day-student 走读生intern 实习生prize fellow 奖学金生boarder 寄宿生classmate 同班同学schoolmate 同校同学graduate 毕业生工作经历accomplish 完成（任务等）achievements 工作成就，业绩adapted to 适应于adept in 善于administer 管理advanced worker 先进工作者analyze 分析appointed 被任命的assist 辅助authorized 委任的；核准的be promoted to 被提升为be proposed as 被提名为；被推荐为behave 表现breakthrough 惊人的进展，关键问题的解决break the record 打破记录business background 工作经历business experience 工作经历business history 工作经历conduct 经营，处理control 控制cost 成本；费用create 创造decrease 减少demonstrate 证明，示范design 设计develop 开发，发挥devise 设计，发明direct 指导double 加倍，翻一番duties 职责earn 获得，赚取effect 效果，作用eliminate 消除employment experience工作经历employment record 工作经历employment 工作enlarge 扩大enliven 搞活enrich 使丰富establish 设立（公司等）；使开业；确立evaluation 估价，评价excellent League member 优秀团员excellent Party member 优秀党员execute 实行，实施expand 推广；扩大expedite 加快；促进experience 经历exploit开发（资源，产品）export 出口found 创立generate 产生good at 擅长于guide 指导；操纵implement 完成，实施import 进口improve 改进，提高increase 增加influence 影响initiate 创始，开创innovate 改革，革新inspired 受启发的；受鼓舞的install 安装integrate 使结合；使一体化introduce 采用，引进invent 发明invest 投资job title 职位justified 经证明的；合法化的launch 开办（新企业）lead 领导lengthen 延长lessen 减少（生产成本）level 水平localize 使地方化maintain 保持；维修make 制造manage 管理，经营manufacture 制造mastered 精通的modernize 使现代化motivate 促进，激发negotiate 谈判nominated 被提名的；被任命的occupational history 工作经历operate 操作，开动（机器等），经营（厂矿）organize 组织originate 创始，发明overcome 克服（困难等）participate in 参加perfect 使完善；改善perform 执行，履行plan 计划position 职位professional history 职业经历professional 职业经历profit 利润promote 生产，制造promote 推销（商品）；创立（企业）等provide 提供，供应raise 提高reach 达到realize 实现（目标等）；获得（利润）receive 收到，得到，接受recognize 认清（职责等）recommended 被推荐的；被介绍的reconsolidate 重新巩固；重新整顿reconstruct 重建recorded 记载的recover恢复；弥补rectify 整顿，调整redouble 加倍，倍增reduce 减少，降低（成本等）refine 精练，精制reform 改革regenerate 更新，使更生registered 已注册的regularize 使系统化regulate 控制（费用等）rehandle 重铸；重新处理rehash以新形式处理（旧材料）reinforce 加强reckon 计算（成本等）renew 重建，换新renovate 革新；修理repair 修复，修补replace 接替，替换representative 代表，代理人research 调查，研究resolve 解决responsibilities 职责second job 第二职业set 创造（纪录等）settle 解决（问题等）shorten 减低......效能show 显示,表明significant 重要的,有效的simplify 简化,精简solve 解决sort out 清理specific experience 具体经历speed up 加速sponsor 主办spread 传播,扩大standard 标准,规格streamline 把......设计流线型strengthen 加强,巩固study研究succeed 成功supervise 监督,管理supply 供给,满足(需要) systematize 使系统化target 目标,指标test 试验,检验top 头等的,最高的total 总数,总额translate 翻译,转化travel 旅行unify 使成一体,统一use 使用，运用useful 有用的utilize 利用valuable 有价值的vivify 使活跃well-trained 训练有素的work experience 工作经历work history 工作经历work 工作,起作用working model 劳动模范worth 使......钱的,有......价值的个人品质able 有才干的，能干的active 主动的，活跃的adaptable 适应性强的adroit 灵巧的，机敏的aggressive 有进取心的alert 机灵的ambitious 有雄心壮志的amiable 和蔼可亲的amicable 友好的analytical 善于分析的apprehensive 有理解力的aspiring 有志气的，有抱负的audacious 大胆的，有冒险精神的capable 有能力的，有才能的careful 办事仔细的candid 正直的charitable 宽厚的competent 能胜任的confident 有信心的conscientious 认真的，自觉的considerate 体贴的constructive 建设性的contemplative 好沉思的cooperative 有合作精神的creative 富创造力的dashing 有一股子冲劲的，有拼搏精神的dedicated 有奉献精神的devoted 有献身精神的dependable 可靠的diplomatic 老练的，有策略的disciplined 守纪律的discreet （在行动，说话等方面）谨慎的dutiful 尽职的dynamic 精悍的earnest 认真的well-educated 受过良好教育的efficient 有效率的energetic 精力充沛的enthusiastic 充满热情的expressive 善于表达faithful守信的，忠诚的forceful （性格）坚强的frank 直率的，真诚的friendly 友好的frugal 俭朴的generous 宽宏大量的genteel 有教养的gentle 有礼貌的hard-working 勤劳的hearty 精神饱满的honest 诚实的hospitable 殷勤的humble恭顺的humorous 幽默的impartial 公正的independent 有主见的industrious 勤奋的ingenious 有独创性的initiative 首创精神have an inquiring mind 爱动脑筋intellective 有智力的intelligent 理解力强的inventive 有发明才能的，有创造力的just 正直的kind-hearted 好心的knowledgeable 有见识的learned 精通某门学问的liberal 心胸宽大的logical 条理分明的loyal 忠心耿耿的methodical 有方法的modest 谦虚的motivated 目的明确的objective 客观的open-minded 虚心的orderly 守纪律的original 有独创性的painstaking 辛勤的，苦干的，刻苦的practical 实际的precise 一丝不苟的persevering 不屈不挠的punctual 严守时刻的purposeful 意志坚强的qualified 合格的rational 有理性的realistic 实事求是的reasonable 讲道理的reliable 可信赖的responsible 负责的self-conscious 自觉的selfless 无私的sensible 明白事理的sincere 真诚的smart 精明的spirited 生气勃勃的sporting 光明正大的steady 塌实的straightforward 老实的strict 严格的systematic 有系统的strong-willed 意志坚强的sweet-tempered 性情温和的temperate 稳健的tireless 孜孜不倦的其它内容objective 目标career objective 职业目标employment objective 工作目标position wanted 希望职位job objective 工作目标position applied for 申请职位position sought 谋求职位position desired 希望职位for more specialized work 为更专门的工作for prospects of promotion 为晋升的前途for higher responsibility 为更高层次的工作责任for wider experience 为扩大工作经验due to close-down of company 由于公司倒闭due to expiry of employment 由于雇用期满offered a more challenging opportunity 获得的更有挑战性的工作机会sought a better job 找到了更好的工作to look for a more challenging opportunity 找一个更有挑战性的工作机会to seek a better job 找一份更好的工作。