Whats New in 7.1_CN
Starter Making New Friends课件-七年级英语上册(北师大版2024)
6. 她是玛丽。 She is Mary. 7. 他是汤姆。 He is Tom. 8. 你是老师。 You are a teacher. 9. 我们来自北京。 We are from Beijing.
What’s your name?
பைடு நூலகம்
Nice to meet you.
Where are you from? ...
Bob: Hi. My name is Bob. What’s your name? Sally: Hello. I’m Sally.____N_i_c_e_t_o_m__e_e_t_y_o_u_.___
Amy
Steve
2. Read and listen. Then, write the names of the countries you hear in the dialogue.
Steve: Hi, everyone. Amy: Hello, my name is Amy. What's your name? Steve: I'm Steve. Nice to meet you. Amy: Nice to meet you, too. Are you from __th_e__U_n_i_t_e_d_K__in_g_d_o_m__? Steve: No, I'm not. I'm from _t_h_e__U_n_i_te_d__S_t_a_te_s_ . Where are you from? Amy: I'm from __A_u_s_t_r_a_li_a_. Steve: Cool!
Section 2 Making New Friends
第一课时
语言能力
河南省郑州市七中教育集团2024-2025学年七年级上学期第一次教学监测英语试题
河南省郑州市七中教育集团2024-2025学年七年级上学期第一次教学监测英语试题一、阅读理解“Good morning.” “How are you?” “How’s it going?”. These are greetings that we can say to each other every day. But there are many other ways to greet people around the world. Let’s take a look.Though we have different ways to greet people, we should learn to respect each other and live in peace.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．How many ways of greetings are mentioned (被提及) in this text?A．Five.B．Six.C．Seven.D．Eight.2．Linda likes to kiss on the cheek when she greets others. Where is Linda most probably from?A．Finland.B．France.C．Thailand.D．Japan.3．Which of the following pictures shows how people in Thailand usually greet each other?A．B．C．D．4．Which of the following statements is TRUE (正确的) after reading this text?A．People in Japan usually bow to each other for greetings.B．Most people bow to each other to greet others in the world.C．People in Korea put their hands together to greet you.D．Men in France don’t kiss each other on their cheeks.5．In which part of the newspaper can you probably find this text?A．Star Story.B．Wonderful World.C．Science Study.D．School Time.“I can’t find Jack,” Mary says. “Our pet is lost.” “We will find him,” Paul says. “Jack is a green lizard (蜥蜴). He can’t go out of our classroom.”Paul helps Mary look for Jack. Jack isn’t under the yellow desks or the blue chairs. Mary goes to the brown bookcase.“Oh, a brown lizard is on the book,” Mary says.“The lizard is not green. It’s not ________. It’s a new lizard,” Paul says. Mary says, “Let’s put it into Jack’s box.” Paul puts the brown lizard into the box with some green leaves (树叶). Oh, what do they see now? They see a green lizard. The brown lizard turns into (变成) a green one. 6．Where are Mary and Paul?A．In Mary’s room.B．In Paul’s room.C．In the classroom.D．In the library.7．Mary and Paul see a ________ lizard on a book.A．green B．brown C．blue D．yellow8．The right order (顺序) is ________.①Mary sees a lizard on a book. ①Mary goes to the bookcase.①They see a green lizard in the box. ①Paul puts the lizard into the box.①They look for the lizard under the desks.A．①①①①①B．①①①①①C．①①①①①D．①①①①①9．新考法·信息还原题The word in the “________” can be “________”.A．hers B．ours C．their D．mine10．Which of the following is TRUE (正确的) ?A．Jack has a new box.B．Paul and Mary have two lizards.C．Mary and Paul find the lizard Jack.D．Mary isn’t happy at last (最后).Do you have a tidy desk or an untidy desk at home? Do you want to keep your desk clean and tidy for a long time? A tidy desk helps you find things easily and do things well. It’s also helpful for your study. Doing these can help you with it.First, only put things you need on your desk. For old books, you can put them in the bookcase. Get a box for small things you don’t need every day, and you can put your pens and pencils in a pencil box.Second, don’t put food or drinks on your desk, because they can make your desk dirty. Go to the kitchen (厨房) when you want to eat or drink.Third, put important things next to you. Then it is easy for you to get them. If you have a drawer (抽屉) on your desk, you can put things there.Fourth, clean your desk every day. If you do it every day, it will be easy and you can have a new day with a tidy room the next morning.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
2024年秋季新外研版七年级英语上册 Unit 1 A new start 课件
We will learn three topics in this unit.
. Important lessons at junior high
Problems and
solutions at junior high
The topics in this unit.
Plans for
junior high
They are feeling happy and excited .
Think
Why do they feel excited?
Because they will start their junior high school life.That is a new start.
What does a new start mean? TheIt means the starting of junior high school stDaorytionugfeoefl jeuxcniitoerd ahbioguht sstcahrotionlg junior high?
Activities 队活动。
3.New students give flowers to their teachers.
新生们送花给老师们
4.Students get timetables and start their lessons.
学生们获得课表和开始上课
Watch and match the sentences with the counties.
In Indonesia(印度尼西亚）
the flag of Indonesia
在印度尼西亚，第一天的重点是让学生们相互了解，了解 他们的老师。所以，学生会参与一些开学活动，如观看表 演、参与游戏等，以帮助他们更快地融入学校生活。
QQWhatsnew
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1.群视频新增教育模式，专为远程教学量身定制；
2.群视频新增演示PPT，远程会议轻松搞定；
3.“屏幕分享”功能支持“清晰”与“流畅”模式切换；
4.群会话窗口新增相册与文件页卡，可快速浏览群友分享的精彩内容；
5.安全防护升级，智能拦截IE浏览器打开的恶意网页，保障QQ帐号安全。
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1.天气图标增加动态模式，多种酷炫效果等你发现；
2.QQ群新增匿名聊功能，大胆表达你的真实想法；
3.群活动支持面向同城人群，轻松召集更多朋友参与。
QQ6.2 what’s new：
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5.腾讯课堂新增答题卡，轻松开启答题模式。
QQ7.2 what’s new：
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1.我的收藏支持自定义分组，归类清晰更易查找；
2.收藏内容支持批量操作，可快速删除或添加到分组；
3.腾讯课堂新增多人举手模式，支持多个同学同时讨论。
2.好友消息记录新增图片页卡，集中查阅图片很轻松；
3.支持多人视频的过程中查看文件和消息记录，信息获取更完整；
4.好友验证消息支持回复，添加好友从进一步了解开始；
5.设备间发送多张图片展示在一个气泡中，操作更快捷；
6.无需数据线，一键导出手机相册功能优化，让体验更加流畅。
QQ5.3 What’s new:
6.主菜单全新设计，分类更清晰、使用更方便。
QQ2013 正式版 SP6 What’s new:
小学六年级上册I卷英语第6单元期测验题(答案和解释)
小学六年级上册英语第6单元期测验题(答案和解释)英语试题一、综合题(本题有50小题，每小题2分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1.What is the color of the sun?A. BlueB. YellowC. GreenD. Red2.Which one is used for drinking?A. ForkB. CupC. KnifeD. Spoon3.Which one is a vegetable?A. BananaB. BroccoliC. PearD. Strawberry4.Which of these animals can fly?A. FishB. BirdC. CatD. Lion5.I have _______ apples in my bag.A. someB. anyC. anD. a6.Which of these is used to tell the time?A. ClockB. ChairC. SpoonD. Plate7.My friend Anna ______ (live) in a big city, but I ______ (live) in a small town. She ______ (have) many friends, and they ______ (often) go to the movies together. I ______ (not go) to the movies as often, but I ______ (enjoy) spending time in nature.8.I __________ (study) for my English test last night, and I __________ (not finish) all the exercises. This morning, I __________ (feel) nervous, but my teacher __________ (help) me to review. After class, I __________ (talk) to my friend about the test, and she __________ (tell) me that she __________ (do) well. I __________ (hope) I __________ (do) well too!9.Which of the following is a form of transport?A. ShoeB. CarC. TableD. Book10.Which of these is a fruit?A. OnionB. CarrotC. AppleD. Potato11.Which of these is a vehicle?A. AppleB. CarC. BookD. Chair12.Which of these is the opposite of "cold"?A. HotB. TallC. ShortD. Slow13.What is the opposite of "tall"?A. ShortB. HeavyC. LightD. Long14.Which of these is the largest?A. ElephantB. LionC. DogD. Mouse15.Today is my sister’s birthday. She invited all of her friends to her birthday __. The party is at our house, and we decorated it with __ and balloons. My mom baked a delicious __ for the party, and we played fun games like musical chairs and __. Everyone had a great time celebrating.16.Sophia and her family are on a road trip. They stop at a __________ to take some photos of the beautiful scenery. Sophia loves to take pictures of the __________, especially when the sun is setting. Afterward, they have lunch at a small __________ by the side of the road.17.My father __________ (work) as a doctor. He __________ (help) many people every day. He __________ (be) very busy, but he always __________ (make) time for our family. Last weekend, he __________ (take) us to the park to play. I __________ (like) spending time with my dad because he __________ (be) very kind and caring.18.Which of these is the opposite of "happy"?A. SadB. AngryC. ExcitedD. Nervous19.Which one is a number?A. FiveB. PlateC. SpoonD. Chair20.Tom and his brother _______ (go) to the park every Saturday. They _______ (ride) their bikes and _______ (play) basketball. Last week, they _______ (join) a local soccer match and _______ (win) the first prize.21.What do we use to brush our teeth?A. KnifeB. ToothbrushC. PlateD. Spoon22.Anna and her friends are going to a new restaurant for lunch. Anna orders a__________ with cheese and tomatoes, while her friend Lily chooses a __________ with chicken. They also order some __________ to share, and for dessert, they have a big__________. The food tastes delicious, and everyone enjoys the meal.23.Which of the following is a color?A. appleB. bananaC. redD. dog24.My dad is very __________. He works as a __________ at a __________. He wakes up at __________ AM and leaves home at __________ AM. When he comes home, he is usually very __________ but still spends time with me. On weekends, we like to __________ together. My dad is my __________ person, and I always feel__________ when he is with me.25.What do you use to drink water?A. PlateB. CupC. SpoonD. Knife26.My family is planning to visit the ______ next holiday. We will see many interesting animals like ______, ______, and ______. My little brother is excited to see the monkeys because they are very ______. After looking at the animals, we will have a picnic with some ______ and ______.27.Which of these is a vegetable?A. TomatoB. AppleC. CarrotD. Banana28.Which of these is a tool for drawing?A. PencilB. ForkC. SpoonD. Knife29.Which of these animals can fly?A. FishB. BirdC. LionD. Elephant30.My favorite subject in school is English. I like it because I enjoy learning new words and speaking in English. Every day, we read books, write sentences, and play games in class. I think learning English is fun.31.What do we use to write?A. PenB. KnifeC. PlateD. Spoon32.Which of these is a day of the week?A. JanuaryB. SaturdayC. SummerD. Table33.Which one is the opposite of "up"?A. DownB. TallC. ShortD. Fast34.I __________ (1) to a soccer game last weekend. It __________ (2) really exciting. My team __________ (3) the match, and I __________ (4) two goals.35.Tom __________ (read) a book right now. It __________ (be) a story about a brave boy who __________ (save) his village from a dragon. He __________ (enjoy) the book very much because it __________ (be) exciting.36.It is _______ in the room.A. coldB. colderC. the coldestD. more cold37.What do we use to eat soup?A. ForkB. SpoonC. KnifeD. Plate38.Which of these is a day of the week?A. JanuaryB. SundayC. SummerD. March39.Whats the color of the sky on a sunny day?A. GreenB. YellowC. BlueD. Red40.Sarah is reading a storybook in her room. The book is about a little __________ who goes on an adventure. The __________ is very kind and helps the little animal find its way home. In the end, the __________ becomes friends with the little animal. Sarah is very __________ and loves reading this story over and over again.41.My family and I __________ (go) to the mountains last winter. We __________ (stay) in a small cabin. Every day, we __________ (hike) up the mountain and__________ (enjoy) the beautiful view.42.Which sentence uses the plural form correctly?A. I have two cats.B. I have two cat.C. I have two catties.D. I have two dogs.43.I __________ (go) to the beach with my family last weekend. The weather__________ (be) perfect for swimming, so we __________ (spend) the whole day by the water. My brother __________ (build) a sandcastle, while I __________ (collect)seashells. We __________ (take) many photos, and at the end of the day, we __________ (watch) the sunset. It __________ (be) a relaxing and fun day.44.Lucy is cleaning her room. She puts her __________ (1) in the toy box and arranges her __________ (2) on the shelf. She makes her bed and puts her __________ (3) under the pillow. Finally, she sweeps the floor with a __________ (4).45.During the summer vacation, I usually ______ (go) on a trip with my family. Last summer, we ______ (visit) a famous mountain. We ______ (climb) to the top and ______ (take) many photos. The view from the top ______ (be) amazing, and we all ______ (enjoy) the trip very much.46.I __________ (not like) playing video games, but my brother __________ (love) them. He __________ (play) video games every day after school. Last weekend, he__________ (invite) me to play with him, but I __________ (prefer) reading a book instead.47.Lily is helping her mom in the kitchen. She is washing some __________ and putting them in the __________. Her mom is cooking __________ for dinner. They will have __________ for dessert after the meal.48.Which of these is a fruit?A. PearB. LettuceC. CucumberD. Carrot49.Ben is visiting his grandmother’s house in the countryside. His grandmother has a __________, and Ben loves to feed the __________. They also go for a walk in the__________ to see the flowers and trees. After the walk, Ben and his grandmother have a nice __________ in the garden while listening to the sound of __________.50.Which of these is a body part?A. NoseB. PlateC. ChairD. Spoon(答案及解释)。
WhatsNew
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5.2.302.2002版（2011 Beta 3测试版）What's New
1、提升驱动列表查询和获取速度。
3.2.406.1080版（2010 Beta2版）What's New
1、增加向导模式功能，实现向导式驱动安装
2、增加包括宏碁（Acer）、东芝（Toshiba）等品牌机支持
3、首次支持手机驱动及官方应用程序，支持包括：诺基亚、摩托罗拉、索爱、黑莓、Iphone、HTC（部分型号）、夏普（部分型号），其他品牌和型号逐步增加中。
10、优化安装流程，软件安装更快捷。
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3.5.930.1116版（2010 正式版v3.5）What's New
1、增加4000余种新硬件支持。
2、修正集成网卡驱动不能正确安装WHQL签名的问题。
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5.6.610.2025版（2011 RC1测试版）What's New
1、大幅优化软件启动速度，减少等待时间。
2、硬件检测模块界面全部重写，功能大幅增强。
3、温度及电池监控栏模块重写，确保与各版本Windows界面完美兼容。
5、驱动更新标准模式全新强化，一目了然解决驱动问题。
6、特别针对电脑玩家设计的玩家模式增加驱动选择功能，并提供Beta测试版、第三方修改版驱动，同时可为品牌笔记本用户提供兼容驱动。
3. 2024新教材七年级上册新英语 Section B(1a—2b)
2b Complete your reply to Pauline or Peter to make friends.
RE: Making new friends
Hello, Pauline/Peter! My name is ____________. I’m ___ years old. I live in ________. I’d like to be your friend. I love ______too. My favourite ________ is ______. Please write to me.
I want to be your friend. My name is __________. I am ___ years old. My favourite food is ____. My favourite sport is ____. I have a ________. I love to ________.
parents
Beijing roast
duck
Favourite food
tofu
Hobby
music, badmiton
Let’s think.
Me
35 years old China
daughter and
husband a pet dog badminton
music
Peter
13 years old the UK parents
Let’s label.
1a Look at two students’ photo boards. Label the photos with the words in the boxes.
parrot Beijing roast duck the UK Singapore guitar the Great Wall tennis
whatsnew
* 更新: libsndfile 1.0.21
Winamp 5.571.2810
* 修正: 在 Windows Vista 下的安装问题 (mscvr90, elevatorps.dll, 等等)
* 修正: Winamp Modern 和 Bento 通告问题 (专辑, CD 播放, 等等)
* 修正:“紧凑模式”任务栏控制插件 (注意, 在 Win7 突显任务栏仍然无效, 所以你必须设置它为“总是显示”)
* 修正: gen_jumpex -> SHOpenFolderAndSelectItems 不能定位于 shell32.dll 错误 (在 Windows 2000 下)
* 修正: 在现代外观下停止播放 mp4v 内容的 mp4 视频时, mp4v.w5s 崩溃
* 修正: [ml_wire] 自动下载播客前, 按日期排序
* 修正: [pmp_android] 设置无法保存
* 修正: [pmp_android/usb] 使用 Winamp 管理的提示总是出现
* 修正: [pmp_android/usb] USB 和 Android 设备的传送
* 其它: 语言包更新 (德国, 罗马尼亚, 土耳其, 法国, 俄罗斯, 瑞典, 日本)
* 新增: [pmp_android] Android 设备支持
* 改进: 新增 Win7/Vista 256x256 图标 (通过 gen_jumpex 使用 filetypes 支持)
* 改进: 全新的 Win7 任务栏“上一首/播放/暂停/停止/下一首”工具栏按钮
* 改进: 全新的“垂直翻转视频”选项, 与旧的驱动程序兼容
人教版小学3年级英语试题(答案及解析)
人教版小学3年级英语试题(答案及解析)(共50道题)下面有答案和解题分析一、综合题1.We _______ (take) a bus to school tomorrow.2.We _______ (read) an interesting story now.3.Which of these is a place where people live?A. SchoolB. StoreC. HouseD. Park4.Which of these can you eat?A. PlateB. PizzaC. TableD. Chair5.I __________ (not, like) to eat broccoli when I __________ (be) younger. But now, I __________ (eat) it because I __________ (know) it’s very healthy. Yesterday, I__________ (eat) some broccoli with my dinner, and it __________ (taste) good.6.They _______ (be) at home.7.Which animal is known for being slow?A. RabbitB. CheetahC. TurtleD. Elephant8.Which animal is known for its long tail?A. DogB. CatC. ElephantD. Lion9.They _______ (not/not) like swimming in the pool.10.My sister __________ (like) to read books. She __________ (have) a lot of books in her room. Every evening, she __________ (sit) on the couch and __________ (read) for one hour. Yesterday, she __________ (finish) reading a new book. She __________ (tell) me that it __________ (be) very interesting. I __________ (think) I will read it too.11.He _______ (go) to the swimming pool in summer.12.Whats the color of the sky on a sunny day?A. GreenB. YellowC. BlueD. Red13.We ______ (watch) a documentary about space last night. It ______ (be) very interesting. I ______ (learn) a lot about planets, and my dad ______ (say) we ______ (visit) a planetarium next month.14.We _______ (play) basketball tomorrow.15.I __________ (visit) my c ousin’s house last weekend. We __________ (play) video games and __________ (watch) a movie. Afterward, we __________ (go) to the park and __________ (have) some ice cream. It __________ (be) a fun day.16.I ______ (like) to read books before bed. My favorite book ______ (be) a story about a brave knight. Every night, I ______ (read) one chapter. I ______ (imagine) myself as the knight, and I ______ (think) about the story during the day. My little sister ______ (like) the same book too.17.Which of these is a part of your body?A. ChairB. LegC. CarD. Book18.My favorite subject in school is English. I like it because I enjoy learning new words and speaking in English. Every day, we read books, write sentences, and play games in class. I think learning English is fun.19.My family and I _______ (go) to the beach last weekend. The weather _______ (be) sunny, so we _______ (decide) to swim in the sea. My little brother _______ (build) a sandcastle while my parents _______ (relax) under the umbrella. I _______ (bring) my favorite book and _______ (read) it while enjoying the breeze. It _______ (be) a wonderful day at the beach.20.What is the opposite of "slow"?A. FastB. TallC. ShortD. Light21.Which of these is a type of weather?A. RainB. CarC. BikeD. Tree22.He _______ (go) to the gym after school.23.What is the opposite of "fast"?A. SlowB. TallC. HeavyD. Big24.We _______ (visit) our grandparents next weekend.25.What is the color of grass?A. RedB. BlueC. GreenD. Yellow26.They _______ (be/are) students in my class.27.They _______ (eat) dinner at 7:00 PM.28.Which one is a drink?A. breadB. waterC. chairD. book29.I _______ (not/eat) breakfast this morning.30.How many ______ in the box?A. applesB. appleC. a appleD. an apples31.We _______ (study) English now.32.Jack loves to draw pictures in his notebook. Today, he is drawing a __________ with a big smile. He uses many different __________ to color the picture. His little sister comes in and asks to __________ a picture too. Jack gives her some __________ and shows her how to draw a __________. They both enjoy drawing and spend the afternoon in the living room.33.How do you say "thank you" in English?A. HolaB. MerciC. DankeD. Thank you34.They _______ (study) for the test now.35.I _______ (be) happy to see you.36.Which of the following is a form of transportation?A. CarB. TreeC. BuildingD. Book37.I __________ (have) a pet cat named Whiskers. She __________ (be) very playful and __________ (love) to climb trees. Every morning, I __________ (feed) her some fish, and she __________ (purr) happily. Yesterday, I __________ (buy) her a new toy, and she __________ (play) with it for hours.38.What do you use to write?A. KnifeB. PenC. SpoonD. Plate39.Which of these is used for reading?A. phoneB. bookC. chairD. bag40.They _______ (make) a cake now.41.What do you call a baby dog?A. KittenB. CubC. PuppyD. Lamb42.Anna is practicing for her piano recital. She plays a beautiful __________, and her teacher gives her __________. After practicing for an hour, Anna feels __________ because she is getting better at playing the piano.43.I _______ (take) the bus to school every day.44.I _______ (eat / eats / ate) breakfast every day.45.They _______ (play) video games now.46.He _______ (go / goes / going) to school by bus.47.He _______ (play) tennis every weekend.48.Jack is preparing for his birthday party. He is going to invite his __________ over to celebrate. Jack’s mom baked a delicious __________, and Jack’s dad decorated the house with colorful __________. Jack’s friends are going to give him some __________, and they will play games in the backyard. Afterward, they will enjoy the __________ and cake together.49.What is the opposite of "light"?A. HeavyB. TallC. SmallD. Big50.Which of these animals has four legs?A. FishB. DogC. BirdD. Elephant(答案及解释)。
小学三年级上册第15次英语第五单元期测验题(含答案含解析)
小学三年级上册英语第五单元期测验题(含答案含解析)英语试题一、综合题(本题有50小题，每小题2分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1.What do you use to write on a whiteboard?A. PenB. ChalkC. MarkerD. Brush2.Which one is a vegetable?A. OrangeB. BroccoliC. BananaD. Grape3.David is having a party at his house. He invites his friends to come and celebrate. They play __________ in the backyard. David’s little brother, Tim, likes to play with his __________. After playing, they all sit down to eat __________ and drink __________. Later, they have cake and __________ for dessert.4.In the winter, I like to go ice skating with my friends. The ice rink is very slippery, but it’s so much fun. Sometimes we have ice skating races or play ice hockey. Afterward, we drink hot chocolate to warm up.st summer, I ______ (travel) to the beach with my family. We ______ (swim) in the ocean and ______ (build) sandcastles. The weather ______ (be) very hot, so we______ (drink) a lot of cold water. It ______ (be) a wonderful vacation.6.Peter ______ (like) playing basketball. He ______ (play) with his friends every afternoon. Yesterday, they ______ (play) for two hours and ______ (score) many points. After the game, they ______ (rest) for a while and ______ (talk) about the game.7.Which of these animals has a long neck?A. GiraffeB. ElephantC. TigerD. Lion8.In the winter, we __________ (go) skiing in the mountains. It __________ (snow) a lot, and the weather __________ (be) very cold. I __________ (wear) a warm jacket and __________ (ski) down the slopes. My sister __________ (take) a lot of photos of the beautiful snow.9.What sound does a cow make?A. MeowB. MooC. BarkD. Quack10.What animal says "meow"?A. DogB. CatC. BirdD. Cow11.I have a new ______. It is very ______ and easy to ride. Every day, I ride it to school with my ______. We always race each other to see who is the ______. After school, we like to go to the ______ to play basketball. It’s very ______ and fun!12.My sister and I ______ (love) to play games on weekends. Last weekend, we______ (play) a new board game. We ______ (have) so much fun! My father ______ (join) us after dinner, and we ______ (spend) the whole evening together. It ______ (be)a wonderful time.13.Which word is used to ask someones name?A. HowB. WhereC. WhatD. Who14.Tom is helping his dad in the garden. They are planting some __________ in the__________. Tom also waters the plants with a __________. After they finish, they sit on the grass and enjoy the __________.15.My family __________ (1) a holiday last month. We __________ (2) to the mountains for hiking. The weather __________ (3) cold, but we __________ (4) warm clothes. We __________ (5) a campfire at night and __________ (6) marshmallows. It__________ (7) a lot of fun, and we __________ (8) to go back next year.16.I __________ (1) to the cinema yesterday evening. The movie __________ (2) really exciting. I __________ (3) my popcorn and __________ (4) my seat. When the movie __________ (5) started, I __________ (6) to watch carefully. It __________ (7) a great movie, and I __________ (8) to watch it again.17.Which one is a vegetable?A. AppleB. BananaC. CarrotD. Strawberry18.My brother __________ (1) playing video games on weekends. He __________ (2)a lot of games on his console. I __________ (3) watching him, but I __________ (4) to study for my test. Sometimes we __________ (5) to play together, but usually I__________ (6) to finish my homework first.st summer, my family and I __________ (1) to a beach resort. We __________ (2) a beautiful house by the ocean. Every morning, we __________ (3) the beach, and I __________ (4) to swim in the water. My brother __________ (5) to play beach volleyball, and my parents __________ (6) relax under the umbrella. We __________ (7)a barbecue in the evening and __________ (8) grilled fish and vegetables. It __________(9) a great vacation.20.Which of these is an insect?A. DogB. BirdC. AntD. Fish21.Which of these is a number?A. DogB. FiveC. AppleD. House22.I __________ (go) to the store yesterday to buy some bread. When I __________ (arrive), I __________ (see) my friend Lucy there. She __________ (also, buy) some milk. We __________ (talk) for a few minutes and then __________ (leave) the store.23.Which of the following is a type of animal?A. CarB. DogC. TableD. Pencil24.What do we use to drink?A. SpoonB. PlateC. CupD. Fork25.What time is it when the clock shows 3:00?A. 3 oclockB. 12 oclockC. 6 oclockD. 9 oclock26.What is the opposite of "day"?A. MorningB. NightC. EveningD. Afternoon27.What is the opposite of "fast"?A. SlowB. QuietC. LoudD. Happy28.Which one is a season?A. WinterB. BookC. CarD. Spoon29.What do you use to write?A. PenB. PlateC. ForkD. Chair30.Which of the following is a healthy drink?A. SodaB. JuiceC. MilkD. Coffee31.I ______ (study) English every day. I usually ______ (start) my homework after school. Yesterday, I ______ (finish) my homework early because I ______ (want) towatch a movie. This week, we ______ (learn) about the past tense, which ______ (be) a little tricky.32.Lucy loves to draw pictures. Today she is drawing a __________ in the park. She uses different colors like __________ for the flowers and __________ for the sky. She also adds some __________ to the picture to make it look even more beautiful.33.Which one is a type of flower?A. RoseB. CarrotC. PotatoD. Apple34.Yesterday, we __________ (1) to the beach. The weather __________ (2) sunny, and the water __________ (3) very warm. I __________ (4) a sandcastle, and my friends __________ (5) beach volleyball.35.Every morning, I wake up at 7:00 and get out of __. I wash my face and brush my __. Then, I eat breakfast. I usually have __ and a glass of __. After breakfast, I wear my __ and go to school. I love starting my day with a healthy routine!36.Which animal is known for its trunk?A. ElephantB. TigerC. MonkeyD. Giraffe37.Which animal says "meow"?A. DogB. ElephantC. CatD. Cow38.What do you use to clean your teeth?A. SpoonB. KnifeC. BrushD. Fork39.Sarah loves reading books. She has a big bookshelf in her room. Every day after school, she picks a book to read. Today, Sarah is reading a book about __________ (1). The book tells her about the different planets and stars in space. She learned that__________ (2) is the planet closest to the Sun. Sarah also discovered that __________ (3) is the largest planet in our solar system. She is very __________ (4) because she loves learning new things. At the end of the book, she finds a chapter about becoming an__________ (5) and traveling to space one day.40.Which one is used for cutting?A. KnifeB. SpoonC. ForkD. Plate41.Which of these animals can swim?A. BirdB. FishC. CatD. Elephant42.What color do you get when you mix red and yellow?A. GreenB. OrangeC. BlueD. Purplest year, my family ______ (move) to a new house. The house ______ (be) bigger than our old one, and it ______ (have) a big garden. We ______ (feel) very happy in our new home.44.Which of these is a body part?A. ArmB. ChairC. SpoonD. Table45.Which of these is the tallest?A. GiraffeB. ElephantC. DogD. Bear46.I __________ (see) a movie with my friends last weekend. The movie __________ (be) about a superhero. We __________ (watch) it in the cinema, and we __________ (enjoy) it very much. After the movie, we __________ (go) to a cafe and __________ (talk) about the story. It __________ (be) a fun day.st month, I ______ (go) on a school trip to the museum. We ______ (learn) about ancient history and ______ (see) many interesting exhibits. The guide ______ (explain) how people lived hundreds of years ago. After the tour, we ______ (have) lunch at the museum café. I ______ (buy) a souvenir and ______ (bring) it home.48.We are studying plants in science class. Today, we learned that plants need sunlight, __, and air to grow. Our teacher showed us how to plant a __ in a small pot. We also learned how to water it and make sure it gets enough __. I can’t wait to see my plant grow taller over the next few weeks!49.Which one is the correct way to say "hello"?A. GoodbyeB. HiC. SleepD. Walk50.Which of these is a shape?A. LionB. SquareC. CarD. House(答案及解释)。
人教版小学五年级上册英语测验(答案和解释)
人教版小学五年级上册英语测验(答案和解释)(共50道题)下面有答案和解题分析一、综合题1.How old are you?A. I am a teacher.B. I am 12 years olD.C. I am a student.D. I am in school.2.They _______ (not) watch cartoons.3.Sarah is at the __________ (1) with her family. They are learning about different kinds of __________ (2) and their habitats. Sarah is especially interested in the__________ (3), which lives in the desert. The guide explains how the __________ (4) can survive without water for a long time. After the tour, Sarah buys a small __________ (5) of a camel to remember her visit.4.Which one is used to play music?A. GuitarB. PlateC. SpoonD. Knife5.I _______ (be) happy today.6.I _______ (finish) my homework before dinner.7.Which of these is a shape?A. DogB. CircleC. TableD. Plate8.He _______ (speak) three languages.9.Every weekend, Sarah and her family ______ (go) to the park. Last Saturday, they ______ (decide) to have a picnic. They ______ (bring) sandwiches, fruit, and juice. After eating, they ______ (play) games like frisbee and hideandseek. It ______ (be) a wonderful day, and they ______ (have) a lot of fun.10.I _______ to bed at 9 PM every night.11.My pet __ is very playful. Every day, I give it some __ and fresh __. After feeding it, I like to play with my pet in the __. My dog loves to run and fetch the __. In the evening, my dog sleeps in a __, and I cover it with a warm __. It’s so cute!12.I __________ (be) very tired yesterday because I __________ (stay) up late the night before. I __________ (sleep) for 12 hours last night, and now I __________ (feel) much better.13.We __________ (live) in a big house. My room __________ (be) on the second floor. I __________ (like) to decorate my room with posters. Last weekend, I__________ (buy) a new poster of my favorite band. I __________ (feel) happy when I__________ (put) it on the wall.14.They _______ (visit) their grandparents every weekend.15.I ______ (study) hard for my math test last week. I ______ (spend) several hours doing practice problems. When the test ______ (begin), I ______ (feel) nervous, but as I ______ (start) solving the questions, I ______ (become) more confident. I ______ (finish) the test on time.16.David’s family is having a barbecue in the backyard. They are grilling __________, and David is in charge of making the __________. His sister, Emma, is preparing a big bowl of __________ to go with the meal. After the barbecue, they will have __________ for dessert and enjoy the evening together.17.I __________ (love) animals. I __________ (have) a pet cat named Whiskers. Every morning, I __________ (feed) her, and in the evening, we __________ (play) together. Last week, we __________ (go) to the vet because she __________ (not/feel) well, but now she __________ (be) better.18.Which of these is not a fruit?A. BananaB. AppleC. CarrotD. Pear19.We _______ (not) eat lunch at home.20.What do we use to clean our teeth?A. towelB. toothbrushC. soapD. comb21.What do we use to write?A. ShoesB. PenC. ForkD. Cup22.Which of these is a healthy food?A. SodaB. AppleC. CakeD. Candy23.We ______ (go) to the beach last weekend. The weather ______ (be) sunny, and we ______ (swim) in the sea. I ______ (build) a sandcastle, and my brother ______ (collect) seashells. It ______ (be) a great day.24.We _______ (clean) the classroom every Friday.25.My brother __________ (read) a book right now. He __________ (read) a story about pirates. He __________ (like) adventure stories, and this one __________ (be) his favorite. Yesterday, he __________ (finish) another book about superheroes. Now, he__________ (start) a new book about dragons.26.He _______ (play) soccer on Sundays.27.Which one is a color?A. CatB. BlueC. TreeD. Book28.I love visiting the ______ because there are so many beautiful ______. My favorite flowers are ______, and I enjoy taking pictures of them. My mom loves roses, and my dad prefers ______. After walking around the garden, we usually sit on a bench and enjoy the ______.29.Sally is practicing for the school talent show. She is going to __________ a song on the __________. Sally has been practicing for several weeks and is now feeling__________. She hopes to perform __________ and impress the audience. Sally’s friend, Lucy, is also participating in the talent show. She is going to perform a __________ routine. Sally is excited to watch Lucy and cheer her on. She hopes the audience will__________ both of them.30.Peter is at the park. He is flying a __________ (1) with his friend. After that, they play __________ (2) and have a picnic. They sit on a __________ (3) and eat__________ (4).31.I have a little brother named Tim. He is very __ and likes to play with his toys. He has many __, like cars, robots, and dinosaurs. Tim also loves to watch __ on TV. Sometimes, we go to the park together. He likes to swing on the __ and play with the __. After playing, we go home and have __ for dinner.32.Which of these is a color?A. TableB. BlueC. SpoonD. Chair33.He _______ (play / plays / played) the drums very well.34.What is the opposite of "clean"?A. DirtyB. WetC. TallD. Heavy35.What is the opposite of "young"?A. OldB. TallC. ShortD. New36.They _______ (not) eat lunch at the school cafeteria.37.I _______ (run) every morning.38.Which of these is a farm animal?A. CowB. DogC. ElephantD. Tiger39.It __________ (rain) heavily when we __________ (leave) the house. We__________ (not bring) an umbrella, so we __________ (get) wet. We __________ (run) to the nearest bus stop, but the bus __________ (arrive) late. We __________ (decide) to walk to school, and it __________ (take) us 30 minutes.40.Which of these animals can swim?A. DogB. FishC. TigerD. Bird41.I _______ my keys at home yesterday.42.What do we use to brush our teeth?A. TowelB. ToothbrushC. SpoonD. Pen43.Whats your favorite color?A. I am fine.B. My name is Tom.C. My favorite color is blue.D. I like reading.44.I _______ (study) hard for the test next week.45.She _______ (study/studies) at the library every day.46.We __________ (play) football in the afternoon.47.Yesterday, I __________ (1) to the zoo with my friends. We __________ (2) to see the tigers, and they __________ (3) sleeping under a tree. Then, we __________ (4) to the monkey cage, and the monkeys __________ (5) jumping around. It __________ (6) a great day at the zoo!48.I _______ (play) basketball next Saturday.49.I always ______ (take) the bus to school, but today, I ______ (decide) to walk. It ______ (be) a beautiful day, and I ______ (enjoy) the fresh air. My friend Lily ______ (join) me, and we ______ (talk) about our homework. After school, we ______ (walk) home together.50.Sarah is shopping for new clothes. She needs a new __________ because her old one is too small. She finds a beautiful __________ that she loves. Sarah also picks out a new pair of __________ for school. After trying them on, she feels __________ because she looks great in her new clothes.(答案及解释)。
小学三年级上册英语刷题卷(答案和解释)693
小学三年级上册英语刷题卷(答案和解释)(共50道题)下面有答案和解题分析一、综合题1.Emma is practicing her violin at home. She plays some __________ to warm up and then practices a __________ she learned in class. After practicing for an hour, Emma feels proud of her progress and is excited to show her parents how well she has improved.2.What do you wear on your head in the winter?A. GlovesB. HatC. ScarfD. Socks3.She _______ (work) hard every day.4.Which one is a number?A. SevenB. ChairC. SpoonD. Knife5.We ______ (not/go) to the swimming pool last week because the weather was too cold.6.What do we use to write on paper?A. SpoonB. PenC. ShoesD. Chair7.He _______ (read) a book before bed.8.Sally is at the zoo with her family. She is looking at the __________, which is eating some leaves from a tree. Sally loves animals, and the __________ is one of her favorites. She also sees a __________ climbing a tree nearby. After visiting the zoo animals, Sally and her family go to the __________ to have lunch. They talk about the animals they saw and enjoy their __________. Sally can’t wait to go back to the zoo again!9.We _______ (play) soccer every day.10.What do we use to tell time?A. PlateB. ClockC. KnifeD. Spoon11.They _______ their lunch at 12 o’clock ev ery day.12.Which one is a kind of transportation?A. TableB. BusC. PencilD. Flower13.They _______ (not) want to go to the party.14.Whats the opposite of "big"?A. SmallB. TallC. ShortD. Heavy15.What do we use to drink water?A. SpoonB. CupC. KnifeD. Fork16.I _______ (have) a pet rabbit.17.What do you use to open a door?A. KeyB. SpoonC. PlateD. Knife18.What do we drink in the morning?A. waterB. milkC. juiceD. All of the above19.Lily is at the beach with her family. They bring a big __________ to sit on. Lily loves building __________ in the sand, and her brother enjoys swimming in the__________. After they have fun, they eat some ice cream and feel very __________.20.What is the opposite of "happy"?A. SadB. AngryC. TiredD. Hungry21.Which of these is a month?A. JanuaryB. MondayC. SummerD. Week22.Which one is a fruit?A. lettuceB. appleC. broccoliD. spinach23.I am learning how to play the __. It’s not easy, but I practice every day. My teacher shows me how to press the __ to make different sounds. After practice, I feel very __ because I can play a song. I hope to perform at the school concert and make my parents __.24.He _______ (is / are / am) very tall.25.Which one is a season of the year?A. SpringB. PizzaC. CarD. Movie26.What do you wear on your hands in cold weather?A. HatB. GlovesC. ShoesD. Pants27.I _______ (go / goes / gone) to the library every weekend.28.Lily is walking to the bus stop with her brother. They wait for the __________ to arrive. When the bus arrives, they get on and sit down in their __________. The bus ride is __________, and they are happy to go to school.29.Tom and his family are going to the zoo this weekend. Tom is most excited to see the __________. He thinks they are very __________ and likes to watch them play in the water. His sister, Anna, is looking forward to seeing the __________ because she loves how they swim so gracefully. Their parents are also excited to see the __________ because they are so fast and strong. After the visit, they will have a picnic at the__________.30.We __ TV in the evening.A. watchB. watchesC. watchingD. watched31.Which one is used to drink water?A. KnifeB. PlateC. SpoonD. Cup32.Which of these is a pet?A. DogB. ElephantC. LionD. Whale33.How do you say "书" in English?A. PenB. BookC. BagD. Chair34.We __________ (1) a picnic last Sunday. It __________ (2) a sunny day, so we__________ (3) our sandwiches, fruits, and drinks to the park. We __________ (4) a blanket on the grass and __________ (5) to eat. After lunch, we __________ (6) a walk along the river and __________ (7) some birds. It __________ (8) a perfect day for a picnic.35.It __________ (rain) a lot yesterday, so I __________ (stay) at home. I __________ (decide) to clean my room. First, I __________ (organize) my books and __________ (put) them on the shelf. Then, I __________ (vacuum) the floor. After that, I __________ (make) my bed and __________ (tidy) up my desk. My room __________ (look) very clean and neat now.36.Lily is in the art room, painting a picture. She is using __________ and a__________ to create beautiful designs. She carefully mixes the colors to make the painting look __________. After finishing her picture, Lily shows it to her teacher, whosays it looks very __________. Lily is proud of her work and decides to hang it in her room.37.Which of these is a color?A. AppleB. DogC. GreenD. Car38.Lily __________ (not like) eating vegetables, but she __________ (love) fruits. Every morning, she __________ (eat) an apple or a banana for breakfast. She__________ (also) __________ (drink) a glass of milk. Yesterday, she __________ (try)a new fruit called mango, and now she __________ (think) it is delicious.39.What is the color of grass?A. BlueB. GreenC. YellowD. White40.My friends _______ (go) to the library after school.41.Which one is a vehicle?A. BikeB. PlateC. SpoonD. Dog42.Which color is the sun?A. BlueB. YellowC. GreenD. Red43.How do you say "猫" in English?A. DogB. CatC. BirdD. Fish44.Which of these is used to measure length?A. WatchB. ScaleC. RulerD. Spoon45.My dad _______ (work) in an office. He _______ (leave) home at 8:00 AM and_______ (come) back at 6:00 PM.46.We are planning a ______ trip to the mountains next week. We will go hiking and explore the ______. My dad loves to take photos of ______, while my mom enjoys taking us to the ______ to enjoy the view. I can’t wait to see the ______!47.What do you use to write on paper?A. SpoonB. ForkC. PenD. Knife48.Which one is a body part?A. AppleB. ChairC. ArmD. Tree49.She _______ (is / are / am) reading a book right now.50.What do we use to write on paper?A. ShoeB. PenC. PlateD. Spoon(答案及解释)。
七年级-人教版(2024新版)-英语-上册-【基础诊断】Fun-Clubs-(Period-5)
Unit 5 Fun Clubs (Period 5)Section B (2a-Reflecting)Ⅰ．单项选择。
1．Mike can play _______ chess, but he can’t play _______ guitar.A．the; the B．/; /C．the; /D．/; the 2．—Would you like to talk about ________ in the summer holiday?—I’m going to be a volunteer in our neighbourhood.A．how you will do B．what you will doC．where you will go D．why you will go3．—What do you think of this story?—It’s interesting. And I am _________ in it.A．interesting B．interest C．interested D．interests 4．She is good at _______, and she wants _______ the music club.A．sing; join B．singing; to joinC．to sing; to join D．singing; joining5．—Can you sing English songs?—_______. I can only sing Chinese songs.A．Yes, I do B．No, I don’t C．Yes, I can D．No, I can’t Ⅱ．阅读理解。
Lin Hai is thirteen years old. He’s a student in a school in Tianjin. He gets an email from Tom White. Tom is a student in the USA. Here is the email.Dear Lin Hai,My name is Tom White. I am from New York, the USA. I am fourteen years old. I’m a schoolboy.I want to make some Chinese friends.There are eleven boys and nine girls in my class. We come from different countries—Japan, the USA, the UK and Canada. But at school we all speak English. My parents are from France. They speak French and English, so I can speak English and French well. But I want to learn Chinese. Can you help me? There are many Chinese people in New York and I want to talk with them.I can play chess well, and I can play many sports. How about you? Please write to me soon.Yours,Tom6．How old is Tom?A．Thirteen.B．Fourteen.C．Fifteen.D．Sixteen. 7．How many students are there in Tom’s class?A．9.B．11.C．18.D．20. 8．The underlined word “countries” means “_______” in Chinese.A．家庭B．社区C．城市D．国家9．From the email, we can learn that Tom _______.A．is in China now B．wants to learn ChineseC．speaks French at school D．has some friends in France 10．Which of the following is TRUE?A．Tom can’t speak English well.B．Tom doesn’t like playing sports.C．Tom’s parents are from the USA.D．Tom wants to make some Chinese friends.Ⅲ．根据汉语意思完成句子。
初三科学发展英语阅读理解25题
初三科学发展英语阅读理解25题1<背景文章>In recent years, the field of medicine has witnessed remarkable scientific advancements. These developments have revolutionized the way we approach healthcare, diagnosis, and treatment.One of the most significant areas of progress is in the realm of new treatment techniques. For example, gene therapy has emerged as a promising approach for treating various genetic disorders. By manipulating the genes within a patient's cells, scientists aim to correct the underlying genetic defects that cause diseases. This innovative therapy holds great potential for diseases that were previously considered incurable, such as certain types of inherited blindness and some forms of muscular dystrophy.Medical devices have also seen incredible innovation. Take the example of robotic - assisted surgery. With the help of highly precise robotic arms, surgeons can perform complex procedures with greater accuracy and less invasiveness. These robots are equipped with advanced imaging systems that provide surgeons with a detailed view of the surgical area, allowing them to make more informed decisions during the operation. This not only reduces the risk of complications but also shortens the patient's recovery time.Our understanding of diseases has deepened significantly as well. Thanks to advanced research techniques, we now know more about the molecular mechanisms underlying diseases. For instance, in the study of cancer, scientists have identified numerous genetic mutations and signaling pathways that play a crucial role in the development and progression of the disease. This knowledge has led to the development of targeted therapies that specifically attack cancer cells while sparing healthy cells, resulting in more effective treatment and fewer side effects.In conclusion, scientific development in the medical field has brought about a new era of healthcare, offering hope and improved quality of life for patients around the world.1. What is one of the important new treatment techniques mentioned in the article?A. Herbal medicineB. Gene therapyC. AcupunctureD. Massage therapy答案：B。
2024年秋季新外研版七年级英语上册Unit 1 A new start Lesson 5教案
Unit 1 A new start Lesson 5 Understanding ideas教学过程教学过程How many people are there in the picture? Who are they?What do the parents give the girl?Step3:What can you do with a boat?Look at the picture,talk about what we meet.Look at the word and expressions and look up their meanings in adictionary.Studying at junior high is a journey.Let’s explore it.Step4:Reading the conversation and find out the meaning of the title.What is “journey”?What is the meaning of the title?Step5:Reading the conversation and answer these questions.( 1 ) What is their letter for?(2 )Is it the first paper boat from her parents?( 3 ) Did she remember (to have an idea ofsomething in one's mind) the first paper boat?( 4)What did they do with the first paperboat?Step6:Before reading the passage ,look at the timeline.Now,read the passage and complete the timeline.Step7:Complete the thinking map with the words and expressions from the passage.Step8:Answer the questions.1.What do “a pool”,”a river”and “the sea”stand for?2.What do you think Mia’s parents did protect her boat from wind?。
Matlab函数索引
Matlab函数索引⼀、常⽤指令(General Purpose Commands)1.1 通⽤信息查询(General information)demo 演⽰程序help 在线帮助指令helpbrowser 超⽂本⽂档帮助信息helpdesk 超⽂本⽂档帮助信息helpwin 打开在线帮助窗info MATLAB 和MathWorks 公司的信息subscribe MATLAB ⽤户注册ver MATLAB 和TOOLBOX 的版本信息version MATLAB 版本whatsnew 显⽰版本新特征1.2 ⼯作空间管理(Managing the workspace)clear 从内存中清除变量和函数exit 关闭MATLABload 从磁盘中调⼊数据变量pack 合并⼯作内存中的碎块quit 退出MATLABsave 把内存变量存⼊磁盘who 列出⼯作内存中的变量名whos 列出⼯作内存中的变量细节workspace ⼯作内存浏览器1.3 管理指令和函数(Managing commands and functions)edit 矩阵编辑器edit 打开M ⽂件inmem 查看内存中的P 码⽂件mex 创建MEX ⽂件open 打开⽂件pcode ⽣成P 码⽂件type 显⽰⽂件内容what 列出当前⽬录上的M、MAT、MEX ⽂件which 确定指定函数和⽂件的位置1.4 搜索路径的管理(Managing the seach patli)addpath 添加搜索路径rmpath 从搜索路径中删除⽬录path 控制MATLAB 的搜索路径pathtool 修改搜索路径1.5 指令窗控制(Controlling the command window)beep 产⽣beep 声echo 显⽰命令⽂件指令的切换开关diary 储存MATLAB 指令窗操作内容format 设置数据输出格式more 命令窗⼝分页输出的控制开关1.6 操作系统指令(Operating system commands)cd 改变当前⼯作⽬录computer 计算机类型copyfile ⽂件拷贝delete 删除⽂件dir 列出的⽂件dos 执⾏dos 指令并返还结果getenv 给出环境值ispc MATLAB 为PC(Windows)版本则为真isunix MATLAB 为Unix 版本则为真mkdir 创建⽬录pwd 改变当前⼯作⽬录unix 执⾏unix 指令并返还结果vms 执⾏vms dcl 指令并返还结果web 打开web 浏览器! 执⾏外部应⽤程序⼆、运算符和特殊算符(Operators and special characters) 2.1 算术运算符(Arithmetic operators)+ 加- 减* 矩阵乘.* 数组乘^ 矩阵乘⽅.^ 数组乘⽅\ 反斜杠或左除/ 斜杠或右除./或.\ 数组除张量积[注]本表第三栏括号中的字符供在线救助时help 指令引述⽤2.2 关系运算符(Relational operators)= = 等号~= 不等号< ⼩于> ⼤于<= ⼩于或等于>= ⼤于或等于2.3 逻辑操作(Logical operators)& 逻辑与| 逻辑或~ 逻辑⾮xor 异或any 有⾮零元则为真all 所有元素均⾮零则为真2.4 特殊算符(Special characters)：冒号( ) 圆括号[ ] ⽅括号{ } 花括号@ 创建函数句柄. ⼩数点. 构架域的关节点.. ⽗⽬录续⾏号, 逗号; 分号% 注释号! 调⽤操作系统命令= 赋值符号ˊ引号ˊ复数转置号.ˊ转置号[,] ⽔平串接[;] 垂直串接( ),{ },. 下标赋值( ),{ },. 下标标识subsindex 下标标识三、编程语⾔结构(Programming language constructs)3.1 控制语句(Control flow)break 终⽌最内循环case 同switch ⼀起使⽤catch 同try ⼀起使⽤continue 将控制转交给外层的for 或while 循环else 同if ⼀起使⽤elseif 同if ⼀起使⽤end 结束for,while,if 语句for 按规定次数重复执⾏语句if 条件执⾏语句otherwise 可同switch ⼀起使⽤return 返回switch 多个条件分⽀try try-cathch 结构while 不确定次数重复执⾏语句3.2 计算运⾏(Evaluation and execution)assignin 跨空间赋值builtin 执⾏内建的函数eval 字符串宏指令evalc 执⾏MATLAB 字符串evalin 跨空间计算串表达式的值feval 函数宏指令run 执⾏脚本⽂件3.3 脚本⽂件、函数及变量(Scripts,function,and variables) exist 检查变量或函数是否被定义function 函数⽂件头global 定义全局变量isglobal 若是全局变量则为真iskeyword 若是关键字则为真mfilename 正在执⾏的M ⽂件的名字persistent 定义永久变量script MATLAB 命令⽂件3.4 宗量处理(Augument handling)inputname 实际调⽤变量名nargchk 输⼊变量个数检查nargin 函数输⼊宗量的个数nargout 函数输出宗量的个数nargoutchk 输出变量个数检查varagin 输⼊宗量varagout 输出宗量3.5 信息显⽰(Message display)disp 显⽰矩阵和⽂字内容display 显⽰矩阵和⽂字内容的重载函数error 显⽰错误信息fprintf 把格式化数据写到⽂件或屏幕lasterr 最后⼀个错误信息lastwarn 最后⼀个警告信息sprintf 按格式把数字转换为串warning 显⽰警告信息3.6 交互式输⼊(Interactive input)input 提⽰键盘输⼊keyboard 激活键盘做为命令⽂件pause 暂停uicontrol 创建⽤户界⾯控制uimenu 创建⽤户界⾯菜单四、基本矩阵函数和操作(Elementary matrices and matrix manipulation)4.1 基本矩阵(Elementary matrices)eye 单位阵linspace 线性等分向量logspace 对数等分向量meshgrid ⽤于三维曲⾯的分格线坐标ones 全1 矩阵rand 均匀分布随机阵randn 正态分布随机阵repmat 铺放模块数组zeros 全零矩阵: 矩阵的援引和重排4.2 矩阵基本信息(Basic array information)disp 显⽰矩阵和⽂字内容isempty 若是空矩阵则为真isequal 若对应元素相等则为1islogical 尤其是逻辑数则为真isnumeric 若是数值则为真length 确定向量的长度logical 将数值转化为逻辑值ndims 数组A 的维数size 确定矩阵的维数4.3 矩阵操作(Matrix manipulateion)blkdiag 块对⾓阵串接diag 创建对⾓阵，抽取对⾓向量end 数组的长度，即最⼤下标find 找出⾮零元素1 的下标fliplr 矩阵的左右翻转flipud 矩阵的上下翻转flipdim 交换对称位置上的元素ind2sub 据单下标换算出全下标reshape 矩阵变维rot90 矩阵逆时针90°旋转sub2idn 据全下标换算出单下标tril 抽取下三⾓阵triu 抽取上三⾓阵4.4 特殊变量和常数(Special variables and constants) ans 最新表达式的运算结果eps 浮点相对误差i,j 虚数单位inf 或Inf ⽆穷⼤isfinite 若是有限数则为真isinf 若是⽆穷⼤则为真isnan 若为⾮数则为真NaN 或nan ⾮数pi 3.1415926535897.realmax 最⼤浮点数realmin 最⼩正浮点数why ⼀般问题的简明答案4.5 特殊矩阵(Specialized matrices)compan 伴随矩阵gallery ⼀些⼩测试矩阵hadamard Hadamard 矩阵hankel Hankel 矩阵hilb Hilbert 矩阵invhilb 逆Hilbert 矩阵magic 魔⽅阵pascal Pascal 矩阵rosser 典型对称特征值实验问题toeplitz Toeplitz 矩阵vander Vandermonde 矩阵wilkinson Wilkinson’s 对称特征值实验矩阵五、基本数学函数(Elementary math functions)5.1 三⾓函数(Trigonometric)acos 反余弦acosh 反双曲余弦acot 反余切acoth 反双曲余切acsc 反余割acsch 反双曲余割asec 反正割asech 反双曲正割asin 反正弦asinh 反双曲正弦atan 反正切atanh 反双曲正切atan2 四象限反正切cos 余弦cosh 双曲余弦cot 余切coth 双曲余切csc 余割csch 双曲余割sec 正割sech 双曲正割sin 正弦sinh 双曲正弦tan 正切tanh 双曲正切5.2 指数函数(Exponential)exp 指数log ⾃然对数log10 常⽤对数log2 以2 为底的对数nestpow2 最近邻的2 的幂pow2 2 的幂sqrt 平⽅根5.3 复数函数(Complex)abs 绝对值angle 相⾓complex 将实部和虚部构成复数conj 复数共轭cplxpair 复数阵成共轭对形式排列imag 复数虚部isreal 若是实数矩阵则为真real 复数实部unwrap 相位⾓360°线调整5.4 圆整和求余函数(Rounding and remainder)ceil 朝正⽆穷⼤⽅向取整fix 朝零⽅向取整floor 朝负⽆穷⼤⽅向取整mod 模数求余rem 求余数round 四舍五⼊取整sign 符号函数六、特殊函数(Specialized math functions)cart2pol 直⾓坐标变为柱(或极)坐标cart2sph 直⾓坐标变为球坐标cross 向量叉积dot 向量内积isprime 若是质数则为真pol2cart 柱(或极)坐标变为直⾓坐标sph2cart 球坐标变为直⾓坐标七、矩阵函数和数值线性代数(Matrix functions－numerical linear algebra)7.1 矩阵分析(Matrix analysis)det ⾏列式的值norm 矩阵或向量范数normest 估计2 范数null 零空间orth 值空间rank 秩rref 转换为⾏阶梯形trace 迹subspace ⼦空间的⾓度7.2 线性⽅程(Linear equations)chol Cholesky 分解cholinc 不完全Cholesky 分解cond 矩阵条件数condest 估计1-范数条件数inv 矩阵的逆lu LU 分解luinc 不完全LU 分解lscov 已知协⽅差的最⼩⼆乘积nnls ⾮负⼆乘解qr QR 分解rcond LINPACK 逆条件数\、/ 解线性⽅程7.3 特性值与奇异值(Eigenvalues and singular values)condeig 矩阵各特征值的条件数eig 矩阵特征值和特征向量eigs 多个特征值gsvd 归⼀化奇异值分解hess Hessenberg 矩阵poly 特征多项式polyeig 多项式特征值问题qz ⼴义特征值schur Schur 分解svd 奇异值分解svds 多个奇异值7.4 矩阵函数(Matrix functions)expm 矩阵指数expm1 矩阵指数的Pade 逼近expm2 ⽤泰勒级数求矩阵指数expm3 通过特征值和特征向量求矩阵指数funm 计算⼀般矩阵函数logm 矩阵对数sqrtm 矩阵平⽅根7.5 因式分解(Factorization utility)cdf2rdf 复数对⾓型转换到实块对⾓型balance 改善特征值精度的平衡刻度rsf2csf 实块对⾓型转换到复数对⾓型⼋、数据分析和傅⾥叶变换(Date analysis and Fourier transforms) 8.1 基本运算(Basic operations)cumprod 元素累计积cumsum 元素累计和cumtrapz 累计积分hist 统计频数直⽅图histc 直⽅图统计max 最⼤值mean 平均值median 中值min 最⼩值sort 由⼩到⼤排序sortrows 由⼩到⼤按⾏排序std 标准差sum 元素和trapz 梯形数值积分var 求⽅差8.2 有限差分(Finite differentces)del2 五点离散Laplaciandiff 差分和近似微分gradient 梯度8.3 相关(Correlation)corrcoef 相关系数cov 协⽅差矩阵subspace ⼦空间之间的⾓度8.4 滤波和卷积(Filtering and convoluteion)conv 卷积和多项式相乘conv2 ⼆维卷积convn N 维卷积detrend 去除线性分量deconv 解卷和多项式相除filter ⼀维数字滤波器fliter2 ⼆维数字滤波器8.5 傅⾥叶变换(Fourier transforms)fft 快速离散傅⾥叶变换fft2 ⼆维离散傅⾥叶变换fftn N 维离散傅⾥叶变换fftshift 重排fft 和fft2 的输出ifft 离散傅⾥叶反变换ifft2 ⼆维离散傅城叶反变换ifftn N 维离散傅⾥叶反变换ifftshift 反fftshift九、⾳频⽀持(Audio support)9.1 ⾳频硬件驱动(Audio hardware drivers) sound 播放向量soundsc ⾃动标刻并播放waveplay 利⽤系统⾳频输出设配播放waverecor 利⽤系统⾳频输⼊设配录⾳9.2 ⾳频⽂件输⼊输出(Audio file import and export)auread 读取⾳频⽂件(.au)auwrite 创建⾳频⽂件(.au)wavread 读取⾳频⽂件(.wav)wavwrite 创建⾳频⽂件(.wav)9.3 ⼯具(Utilities)lin2mu 将线性信号转换为µ ⼀律编码的信号mu2lin 将µ ⼀律编码信号转换为线性信号⼗、插补多项式函数(Interpolation and polynomials)10.1 数据插补(Data Interpolation)griddata 分格点数据griddata3 三维分格点数据griddatan 多维分格点数据interpft 利⽤FFT ⽅法⼀维插补interp1 ⼀维插补interp1q 快速⼀维插补interp2 ⼆维插补interp3 三维插补intern N 维插补pchip hermite 插补10.2 样条插补(Spline Interpolation)ppval 计算分段多项式spline 三次样条插补10.3 多项式(Polynomials)conv 多项式相乘deconv 多项式相除poly 由根创建多项式polyder 多项式微分polyfit 多项式拟合polyint 积分多项式分析polyval 求多项式的值polyvalm 求矩阵多项式的值residue 求部分分式表达roots 求多项式的根MATLAB 主要函数（⼆）⼗⼀、数值泛函函数和ODE 解算器(Function functions and ODE solvers) 11.1 优化和寻根(Optimization and root finding)fminbnd ⾮线性函数在某区间中极⼩值fminsearch 单纯形法求多元函数极值点指令fzero 单变量函数的零点11.2 优化选项处理(Optimization Option handling) optimget 从OPTIONS 构架中取得优化参数optimset 创建或修改OPTIONS 构架11.3 数值积分(Numerical intergration)dblquad ⼆重(闭型)数值积分指令quad 低阶法数值积分quadl ⾼阶法数值积分11.4 绘图(Plotting)ezcontour 画等位线ezcontourf 画填⾊等位线ezmesh 绘制⽹格图ezmeshc 绘制含等⾼线的⽹格图ezplot 绘制曲线ezplot3 绘制3 维曲线ezpolar 采⽤极坐标绘图ezsurf 画曲⾯图ezsurfc 画带等位线的曲⾯图fplot 画函数曲线图11.5 内联函数对象(Inline function object)argnames 给出函数的输⼊宗量char 创建字符传输组或者将其他类型变量转化为字符串数组formula 函数公式inline 创建内联函数11.6 差微分函数解算器(Differential equation solvers) ode113 变阶法解⽅程ode15s 变阶法解刚性⽅程ode23 低阶法解微分⽅程ode23s 低阶法解刚性微分⽅程ode23t 解适度刚性微分⽅程odet23tb 低阶法解刚性微分⽅程ode45 ⾼阶法解微分⽅程⼗⼆、⼆维图形函数(Two dimensional graphs) 12.1 基本平⾯图形(Elementary X－Y graphs)loglog 双对数刻度曲线plot 直⾓坐标下线性刻度曲线plotyy 双纵坐标图polar 极坐标曲线图semilogx X 轴半对数刻度曲线semilogy Y 轴半对数刻度曲线12.2 轴控制(Axis control)axes 创建轴axis 轴的刻度和表现box 坐标形式在封闭式和开启词式之间切换grid 画坐标⽹格线hold 图形的保持subplot 创建⼦图zoom ⼆维图形的变焦放⼤12.3 图形注释(Graph annotation)gtext ⽤⿏标在图上标注⽂字legend 图例说明plotedit 图形编辑⼯具text 在图上标注⽂字texlabel 将字符串转换为Tex 格式title 图形标题xlabel X 轴名标注ylabel Y 轴名标注12.4 硬拷贝(Hardcopy and printing)orient 设置⾛纸⽅向print 打印图形或把图存⼊⽂件printopt 打印机设置⼗三、三维图形函数(Three dimensional graphs) 13.1 基本三维图形(Elementary 3－D plots)fill3 三维曲⾯多边形填⾊mesh 三维⽹线图plot3 三维直⾓坐标曲线图surf 三维表⾯图13.2 ⾊彩控制(Color control)alpha 透明⾊控制brighten 控制⾊彩的明暗caxis (伪)颜⾊轴刻度colordef ⽤⾊风格colormap 设置⾊图graymon 设置缺省图形窗⼝为单⾊显⽰屏hidden 消隐shading 图形渲染模式whitebg 设置图形窗⼝为⽩底13.3 光照模式(Lighting)diffuse 漫反射表⾯系数light 灯光控制lighting 设置照明模式material 使⽤预定义反射模式specular 漫反射surfnorm 表⾯图的法线surfl 带光照的三维表⾯图13.4 ⾊图(Color maps)autumn 红、黄浓淡⾊bone 蓝⾊调灰度图colorcube 三浓淡多彩交错⾊cool 青和品红浓淡⾊图copper 线性变化纯铜⾊调图flag 红－⽩－蓝⿊交错⾊图gray 线性灰度hot ⿊－红－黄－⽩交错⾊图hsv 饱和⾊彩图jet 变异HSV ⾊图lines 采⽤plot 绘线⾊pink 淡粉红⾊图prism 光谱⾊图spring 青、黄浓淡⾊summer 绿、黄浓淡⾊vga 16 ⾊white 全⽩⾊winter 蓝、绿浓淡⾊13.5 轴的控制(Axis control)axes 创建轴axis 轴的刻度和表现box 坐标形式在封闭式和开启式之间切换daspect 轴的DataAspectRatio 属性grid 画坐标⽹格线hold 图形的保持pbaspect 画坐标框的PlotBoxAspectRatio 属性subplot 创建⼦图xlim X 轴范围ylim Y 轴范围zlim Z 轴范围zoom ⼆维图形的变焦放⼤13.6 视⾓控制(Viewpoint control)rotate3d 旋动三维图形view 设定3－D 图形观测点viewmtx 观测点转换矩阵13.7 图形注释(Graph annotation)colorbar 显⽰⾊条gtext ⽤⿏标在图上标注⽂字plotedit 图形编辑⼯具text 在图上标注⽂字title 图形标题xlabel X 轴名标注ylabel Y 轴名标注zlabel Z 轴名标注13.8 硬拷贝(Hardcopy and printing)orient 设置⾛纸⽅向print 打印图形或把图存⼊⽂件printopt 打印机设置verml 将图形保存为VRML2.0 ⽂件⼗四、特殊图形(Specialized graphs) 14.1 特殊平⾯图形(Specialized 2－D graphs) area ⾯域图bar 直⽅图barh ⽔平直⽅图comet 彗星状轨迹图compass 从原点出发的复数向量图errorbar 误差棒棒图ezplot 画⼆维曲线ezpolar 画极坐标曲线feather 从X 轴出发的复数向量图fill 多边填⾊图fplot 函数曲线图hist 统计频数直⽅图pareto Pareto 图pie 饼形统计图plotmatrix 散点图阵列scatter 散点图stairs 阶梯形曲线图stem ⽕柴杆图14.2 等⾼线及⼆维半图形(Contour and 2－1/2D graphs) clabel 给等⾼线加标注contour 等⾼线图contourf 等⾼线图contour3 三维等⾼线ezcontour 画等位线ezcontourf 画填⾊等位线pcolor ⽤颜⾊反映数据的伪⾊图voronoi Voronoi 图14.3 特殊三维图形（Specialized 3－D graphs）bar3 三维直⽅图bar3h 三维⽔平直⽅图comet3 三维彗星动态轨迹线图ezgraph3 通⽤指令ezmesh 画⽹线图ezmeshc 画等位线的⽹线图ezplot3 画三维曲线ezsurf 画曲⾯图ezsurfc 画带等位线的曲⾯图meshc 带等⾼线的三维⽹线图meshz 带零基准⾯的三维⽹线图pie3 三维饼图ribbon 以三维形式绘制⼆维曲线scatter3 三维散点图stem3 三维离散杆图surfc 带等⾼线的三维表⾯图trimesh 三⾓剖分⽹线图trisurf 三⾓剖分曲⾯图waterfall 瀑布⽔线图14.4 内剖及向量视图(Volume and vector visualization) coneplot 锥体图contourslice 切⽚等位线图quiver ⽮量场图quiver3 三维⽅向箭头图slice 切⽚图14.5 图像显⽰及⽂件处理(Image display and file I/O) brighten 控制⾊彩的明暗colorbar ⾊彩条状图colormap 设置⾊图contrast 提⾼图像对⽐度的灰⾊图gray 线性灰度image 显⽰图像imagesc 显⽰亮度图像imfinfo 获取图像⽂件的特征数据imread 从⽂件读取图像的数据阵（和伴随⾊图））imwrite 把强度图像或真彩图像写⼊⽂件14.6 影⽚和动画(Movies and animation)capture 当前图的屏捕捉frame2im 将影⽚动画转换为编址图像getframe 获得影⽚动画图像的帧im2frame 将编址图像转换为影⽚动画movie 播放影⽚动画moviein 影⽚动画内存初始化rotate 旋转指令14.7 颜⾊相关函数(Color related function)spinmap 颜⾊周期性变化操纵14.8 三维模型函数(Solid modeling)cylinder 圆柱⾯patch 创建块sphere 球⾯Surf2patch 将曲⾯数据转换为块数据⼗五、句柄图形(Handle Graphics)15.1 图形窗的产⽣和控制(Figure window creation and control) clf 清除当前图close 关闭图形figure 打开或创建图形窗⼝gcf 获得当前图的柄openfig 打开图形refresh 刷新图形shg 显⽰图形窗15.2 轴的产⽣和控制(Axis creation and control)axes 在任意位置创建轴axis 轴的控制box 坐标形式在封闭式和开启式之间切换caxis 控制⾊轴的刻度cla 清除当前轴gca 获得当前轴的柄hold 图形的保持ishold 若图形处保持状态则为真subplot 创建⼦图15.3 句柄图形对象(Handle Graphics objects)axex 在任意位置创建轴figure 创建图形窗⼝image 创建图像light 创建光line 创建线patch 创建块rectangle 创建⽅surface 创建⾯text 创建图形中⽂本uicontextmenu 创建现场菜单对象uicontrol ⽤户使⽤界⾯控制uimenu ⽤户使⽤菜单控制15.4 句柄图形处理(Handle Graphics operations)copyobj 拷贝图形对象及其⼦对象delete 删除对象及⽂件drawnow 屏幕刷新findobj ⽤规定的特性找寻对象gcbf “正执⾏回调操作”的图形的柄gcbo “正执⾏回调操作”的控件图柄指令gco 获得当前对象的柄get 获得对象特性getappdat 获得应⽤程序定义数据isappdata 检验是否应⽤程序定义数据reset 重设对象特性rmappdata 删除应⽤程序定义数据set 建⽴对象特性setappdata 建⽴应⽤程序定义数据15.5 ⼯具函数(Utilities)closereq 关闭图形窗请求函数ishandle 若是图柄代号侧为真newplot 下⼀个新图⼗六、图形⽤户界⾯⼯具(Graphical user interface tools) align 对齐⽤户控件和轴cbedit 编辑回调函数ginput 从⿏标得到图形点坐标guide 设计GUImenu 创建菜单menuedit 菜单编辑propedit 属性编辑uicontrol 创建⽤户界⾯控制uimenu 创建⽤户界⾯菜单⼗七、字符串(Character string)17.1 通⽤字符串函数(General)blanks 空格符号cellstr 通过字符串数组构建字符串的元胞数组char 创建字符传输组或者将其他类型变量转化为字符串数组deblank 删除最后的空格double 把字符串变成ASCII 码值eval 执⾏串形式的MATLAB 表达式17.2 字符串查询(String tests)iscellstr 若是字符串组成的元胞数组则为真ischar 若是字符串则为真isletter 串中是字母则为真isspace 串中是空格则为真isstr 若是字符串则为真17.3 字符串操作(String operations)base2dec X－进制串转换为⼗进制整数bin2dec ⼆进制串转换为⼗进制整数dec2base ⼗进制整数转换为X 进制串dec2bin ⼗进制整数转换为⼆进制串dec2hex ⼗进制整数转换为16 进制串findstr 在⼀个串中寻找⼀个⼦串hex2dec 16－进制串转换为⼗进制整数hex2num 16－进制串转换为浮点数int2str 将整数转换为字符串lower 把字符串变成⼩写mat2str 将数组转换为字符串num2str 把数值转换为字符串strcat 把多个串连接成长串strcmp ⽐较字符串strcmpi ⽐较字符串（忽略⼤⼩写）strings MATLAB 中的字符串strjust 字符串的对齐⽅式strmatch 逐⾏搜索串strnomp ⽐较字符串的前N 个字符strncmpi ⽐较字符串的前N 个字符（忽略⼤⼩写）strrep ⽤另⼀个串代替⼀个串中的⼦串strtok 删除串中的指定⼦串strvcat 创建字符串数组str2mat 将字符串转换为含有空格的数组str2num 将字符串转换为数值upper 把字符串变成⼤写⼗⼋、⽂件输⼊/输出(File input/output)clc 清除指令窗⼝disp 显⽰矩阵和⽂字内容fprintf 把格式化数据写到⽂件或屏幕home 光标返回⾏⾸input 提⽰键盘输⼊load 从磁盘中调⼊数据变量pause 暂停sprintf 写格式数据到串sscanf 在格式控制下读串⼗九、时间和⽇期(Time and dates)clock 时钟cputme MATLAB 战⽤CPU 时间date ⽇期etime ⽤CLOCK 计算的时间now 当前时钟和⽇期pause 暂停tic 秒表启动toc 秒表终⽌和显⽰⼆⼗、数据类型(Data types and structures) 20.1 数据类型(Data types)cell 创建元胞变量char 创建字符传输组或者将其他类型变量转化为字符串数组double 转化为16 位相对精度的浮点数值对象function handle 函数句柄inline 创建内联函数JavaArray 构建Java 数组JavaMethod 调⽤某个Java ⽅法JavaObject 调⽤Java 对象的构造函数single 转变为单精度数值sparse 创建稀疏矩阵struct 创建构架变量uint8(unit16、unit32) 转换为8(16、32)位⽆符号整型数int8(nit16、nit32) 转换为8(16、32)位符号整型数20.2 多维数组函数(Multi－dimensional array functions) cat 把若⼲数组串接成⾼维数组ndims 数组A 的维数ndgrid 为N－D 函数和插补创建数组ipermute ⼴义反转置permute ⼴义⾮共轭转置shiftdim 维数转换squeeze 使数组降维20.3 元胞数组函数(Cell array functions)cell 创建元胞变量celldisp 显⽰元胞数组内容cellfun 元胞数组函数cellplot 图⽰元胞数组的内容cell2struct 把元胞数组转换为构架数组deal 把输⼊分配给输出is cell 若是元胞则为真num2 cell 把数值数组转换为元胞数组struct2 cell 把构架数组转换为元胞数组20.4 构架函数(Structure functions)fieldnames 获取构架的域名getfield 获取域的内容isfield 若为给定构架的域名则为真isstruct 若是构架则为真rmfield 删除构架的域setfield 指定构架域的内容struct 创建构架变量20.5 函数句柄函数(Function handle functions)@ 创建函数句柄functions 列举函数句柄对应的函数func2str 将函数句柄数组转换为字符串str2func 将字符串转换为函数句柄20.6 ⾯向对象编程(Object oriented programming functions) dlass 查明变量的类型isa 若是指定的数据类型则为真inferiorto 级别较低isjava 若是java 对象则为真isobject 若是对象则为真methods 显⽰类的⽅法名substruct 创建构架总量superiorto 级别较⾼⼆⼗⼀、⽰例(E xamples and demonstrations) demo 演⽰程序flow ⽆限⼤⽔体中⽔下射流速度数据intro 幻灯演⽰指令peaks 产⽣peaks 图形数据⼆⼗⼆、符号⼯具包(Symbolic Math Toolbox) 22.1 微积分(Calculus)diff 求导数limit 求极限int 计算积分jacobian Jacobian 矩阵symsum 符号序列的求和trylor Trylor 级数22.2 线性代数(Linear Algebra)det ⾏列式的值diag 创建对⾓阵，抽取对⾓向量eig 矩阵特征值和特征向量expm 矩阵指数inv 矩阵的逆jordan Jordan 分解null 零空间poly 特征多项式rank 秩rref 转换为⾏阶梯形svd 奇异值分解tril 抽取下三⾓阵triu 抽取上三⾓阵22.3 化简(Simplification)collect 合并同类项expand 对指定项展开factor 进⾏因式或因⼦分解horner 转换成嵌套形式numden 提取公因式simple 运⽤各种指令化简符号表达式simplify 恒等式简化subexpr 运⽤符号变量置换⼦表达式subs 通⽤置换指令22.4 ⽅程求解(Solution of Equation)compose 求复函数dsolve 求解符号常微分⽅程finverse 求反函数fminunc 拟⽜顿法求多元函数极值点fsolve 解⾮线性⽅程组lsqnonlin 解⾮线性最⼩⼆乘问题solve 求解⽅程组22.5 变量精度(Variable Precision Arithmetic) digits 设置今后数值计算以n 位相对精度进⾏vpa 给出数值型符号结果22.6 积分变换(Integral Transforms)fourier Fourier 变换ifourier Fourier 反变换ilaplace Ilaplace 反变换iztrans Z 反变换laplace Ilaplace 变换ztrans Z 变换22.7 转换(Conversions)char 把符号对象转化为字符串数组double 把符号常数转化为16 位相对精度的浮点数值对象poly2sym 将多项式转换为符号多项式sym2poly 将符号多项式转换为系数向量22.8 基本操作(Basic Operation)ccode 符号表达式的C 码表达式findsym 确认表达式中符号“变量”fortran 符号表达式的fortran 表达式latex 符号表达式的LaTex 表⽰pretty 习惯⽅式显⽰sym 定义基本符号对象syms 定义基本符号对象22.9 串处理函数(String handling utilities) isvarname 检查是否为有效的变量名vectorize 将字符串表达式或内联函数对象向量化22.10 图形应⽤(Pedagogical and Graphical Applications) ezcontour 画等位线ezcontourf 画填⾊等位线ezmesh 画⽹线图ezmeshc 带等位线的⽹线图ezplot 绘制符号表达式的图形ezplot2 画三维曲线ezpolar 画极坐标曲线ezsurf 画曲⾯图ezsurfc 画带等位的曲⾯图funtool 函数计数器rsums Riemann 求和taylortool Taylor 级数计数器22.11 Maple 接⼝(Access to Maple)maple 进⼊MAPLE ⼯作空间计算mfun 对MAPLE 中若⼲经典特殊函数实施数值计算mfunlist 能被mfun 计算的MAPLE 经典特殊函数列表mhelp 查阅MAPLE 中的库函数及其调⽤⽅法procread 把按MAPLE 格式写的源程序读⼊MAPLE ⼯作空间⼆⼗三、其它bode 波特图butter Butter Worth 低通道滤波器gplot 拓扑图hosted MAPLAB 服务中⼼识别号impulse 冲激响应isparse 若是稀疏矩阵则为真lsim 任意输⼊下的响应ltiview 响应分析的图形⽤户界⾯matlabrc MAPLAB 的主启动⽂件mbuild 独⽴可执⾏⽂件编译器预配置及创建mcc 编译宏指令mex 把C 码⽂件编译成MEX ⽂件mineral 消去传递函数分⼦、分母公因⼦nyquist Nyquist 图rlocus 跟轨迹setstr 把ASCII 码翻译成串sim 运⾏SIMULINK 模型ss 利⽤状态⽅程四对组⽣成LTI 对象simulink 打开SIMULINK 集成窗⼝ssdata 从LTI 对象获取状态⽅程四对组startup 启动MATLAB 时的⾃动执⾏M ⽂件step 单位阶跃响应tf 利⽤传递函数⼆对组⽣成LTI 对象tfdata 从LTI 对象获取传递函数⼆对组zpk 利⽤零极点增益三对组⽣成LTI 对象zpkdata 从LTI。
VTech 91-002888-000 Busy Learners Activity Cube 用户
Printed in China Busy Learners Activity Cube T M© 2013 VTechINTRODUCTIONThank you for purchasing the VTech ® Busy Learners Activity Cube ™ learning toy!Learn and play every day with the Busy Learners Activity Cube ™ by VTech ®! Featuring 5 sides to explore, this activity cube attracts your baby’s attention with music, light-up buttons, colors and more. They’ll develop their motor skills and have fun with so many activities all in one!I n t r o d u c t i o nSPINNING LETTER BLOCKS ON/OFF/VOLUME 4 LIGHTINCLUDED IN THIS PACKAGE• One VTech ® Busy Learners Activity Cube ™ • One instruction manualI n c l u d e d I n T h GETTING STARTEDBATTERY INSTALLATION1. Make sure the unit is turned OFF .2. Locate the battery cover on the back of the unit. Use a coin or a screwdriver to loosen the screw.3. Install 2 new ‘AAA’ (LR03/AM-4) batteries following the diagram inside the battery box. (The use of new alkaline batteries is recommended for maximum performance.)4. Replace the battery cover and tighten the screw to secure the battery cover.WARNING:All packing materials, such as tape, plastic sheets, packaging locks and tags are not part of this toy, and should be discarded for your child’s safety.ATTENTION: Pour la sécurité de votre enfant, débarrassez-vous de tous les produits d’emballage tels que rubans adhésifs, feuilles de plastique, attaches et étiquettes. Ils ne font pas partie du jouet.NOTE:Please keep this user’s manual as it containsimportant information.P r BATTERY NOTICE• Use new alkaline batteries for maximum performance.• Use only batteries of the same or equivalent type as recommended.• Do not mix different types of batteries: alkaline, standard (carbon-zinc) or rechargeable (Ni-Cd, Ni-MH), or new and used batteries.• Do not use damaged batteries.• Insert batteries with the correct polarity.• Do not short-circuit the battery terminals.• Remove exhausted batteries from the toy.• Remove batteries during long periods of non-use. • Do not dispose of batteries in fire.• Do not charge non-rechargeable batteries.• Remove rechargeable batteries from the toy before charging (if removable).• Rechargeable batteries are only to be charged under adult supervision.PRODUCT FEATURES1. ON/OFF/VOLUME CONTROL SWITCH T o turn the unit ON , slide the ON/OFF/VOLUME CONTROL SWITCH to the LOW VOLUME () or the HIGH VOLUME () position. To turn the unit OFF , slide the ON/OFF/VOLUME CONTROL SWITCH to the OFF () position.2. AUTOMATIC SHUT OFF To preserve battery life, the VTech ®Cube ™ will automatically power-down after approximately 60 seconds without input. The unit can be turned on again by1. Slide the on/off/volume controlswitch to turn the unit on. You will hear a playful sound, a fun sing-alongsong and a phrase. The lights will flashwith the sounds.2. Press the light-up shape buttons tolearn animal names, animal sounds, shapes and hear playful sing-along songs and music. The lights will flashwith the sounds.3. Press, slide or twist the instrumentsto learn colors, instrument names, instrument sounds and hear a varietyof melodies. The lights will flash withthe sounds.4. Shake the cube to activate the motionsensor and hear a variety of fun sounds. The lights will flash with thesounds.MELODY LIST1. Three Little Kittens2. Alouette3. Old MacDonald Had a Farm4. Bingo5. Hey Diddle Diddle6. This Old Man7. Alphabet Song8. Humpty Dumpty9. Pease Porridge Hot10. Row, Row, Row Your Boat11. Three Blind Mice12. Sing a Song of Sixpence13. Polly Put the Kettle On14. Grandfather's Clock15. Bear Went Over the Mountain16. While Strolling Through the Park One Day17. Turkey in the Straw18. Big Rock Candy Mountain19. Yankee Doodle20. Take Me Out To The BallgameSUNG SONG LYRICS SONG 1Come and say, "Hi."There's fun on 5 sides.Meet the animals, beat the drum. The cube is fun for everyone!SONG 2The cat in the square,Is peeking out of there.Meow, meow, meow, meow. The cat's in the square.SONG 3The bird in the circle,Sings a song that's wonderful. Tweet, tweet, tweet, tweet.The bird's in the circle.SONG 4The cow in the triangle,Wants to sing for you.Moo, moo, moo, moo.The cow's in the triangle.SONG 5The dog in the star,Barks and runs far.Woof, woof, woof, woof.The dog's in the star.CARE & MAINTENANCE1. Keep the unit clean by wiping it with a slightly damp cloth.2. Keep the unit out of direct sunlight and away from any direct heatsource.3. Remove the batteries when the unit will not be in use for anextended period of time.4. Do not drop the unit on hard surfaces and do not expose the unitto moisture or water. TROUBLESHOOTINGIf for some reason the program/activity stops working or malfunctions, please follow these steps:1. Please turn the unit OFF.2. Interrupt the power supply by removing the batteries.3. Let the unit stand for a few minutes, then replace the batteries.4. Turn the unit ON. The unit should now be ready to play again.5. If the product still does not work, replace with an entire set ofnew batteries.If the problem persists, please call our Consumer Services Department at 1-800-521-2010 in the U.S. or 1-877-352-8697 in Canada, and a service representative will be happy to help you.For information on this product’s warranty, please call VTech®at 1-800-521-2010 in the U.S. or 1-877-352-8697 in Canada.IMPORTANT NOTE:Creating and developing Infant Learning products is accompanied by a responsibility that we at VTech®take very seriously. We make every effort to ensure the accuracy of the information, which forms the value of our products. However, errors sometimes can occur. It is important for you to know that we stand behind our products and encourage you to call our Consumer Services Department at 1-800-521-2010 in the U.S. or 1-877-352-8697 in Canada, with any problems and/or suggestions that you might have. A service representative will be happy to help you.FCC Information:Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.10Caution : changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.THIS DEVICE COMPLIES WITH PART 15 OF THE FCC RULES. OPERATION IS SUBJECT TO THE FOLLOWING TWO CONDITIONS:(1) THIS DEVICE MAY NOT CAUSE HARMFUL INTERFERENCE, AND (2) THIS DEVICE MUST ACCEPT ANY INTERFERENCE RECEIVED, INCLUDING INTERFERENCE THAT MAY CAUSE UNDESIRED OPERATION.。
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NBU Master + MSDP Server 7
Presentation Identifier Goes Here
Auto Image Replication (AIR) 方案3 数据中心间数据高压缩比存储与精细复制
数据中心
方案优势 • 数据中心间互为灾 备； • 数据中心间相互独 立，互补影响，安 全稳定； • 节省存储空间和复 制带宽；
NBU MSDP Server File 专用
优化复制
NBU Client/ Enterprise client
NBU Master Server
NBU MSDP Server DB 专用
NBU MSDP Server File 专用
Presentation Identifier Goes Here
优化复制
优化复制 优化复制
北京分中心
上海分中心
NBU Client/ Enterprise client
NBU Master Server
NBU MSDP Server
NBU Client/ Enterprise client
NBU Master Server
NBU MSDP Server
NBU Master + MSDP Server
What's new in NetBackup 7.1
4
Auto Image Replication (AIR) 模式
• 支持数据跨备份域优化传输； • 支持多种传输模式；
– 一对多 – 多对一 – 多对多
• 支持窄带容灾； • 支持断点续传；
Presentation Identifier Goes Here
GUI Edit Policy Restore Job bp.conf Volume Pool Storage Unit Storage Server Disk Pool Job Actions
7.0.1
7.1 X
X X
X X X X X X X X
• Add explanation for change (CLI only) • Audit reporting through OpsCenter • 7.1 default enable • 7.0. 1 default disable
What's new in NetBackup 7.1
13
NetBackup VM 智能策略 自动发现虚拟机 智能策略:
• 通过虚拟机智能策略对虚拟机进行自动化的保护
– 自动发现在VC中定义的虚拟机
• 通过阀值设置智能感知资源限制
What's new in NetBackup 7.1
14
Query builder (basic mode)
– – – – – Storage Units Storage Servers Disk and volume pools Suspending, resuming and cancelling jobs Changes to bp.conf/registry (with NBAC)
Action / Area
• Hyper-V support:
– Full backups only – RHEL 5 or later – SUSE 10 or later
• File system ext2 or ext3
Logical Volume Manager (LVM) version 2
What's new in NetBackup 7.1
Operator:
•AnyOf •Contains •EndsWith •Equal •Greater •GreaterEqual •IsSet •Less •LessEqual •NotEqual •StartsWith
What's new in NetBackup 7.1
15
VIP Query GUI
NBU Client/ Enterprise client
Presentation Identifier Goes Here
6
Auto Image Replication (AIR) 方案2 数据多级管理
省中心
NBU Client/ Enterprise client
NBU Master Server
12
Linux virtual machine quiescence support
• Traditionally, virtual machine snapshots do not quiesce Linux VMs.
– During the backup, the snapshot is crash consistent. – NetBackup creates a NetBackup Lost+Found directory to store unresolved inodes during the mapping operation.
What’s new in NetBackup 7.1?
郁红海
Systems Engineer
What's new in NetBackup 7.1
1
Agenda
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 灾难恢复 虚拟化支持 可管理性和易用性 重复数据删除的技术 支持IPv6 支持力度增强 更广范的兼容性 支持MySQL备份
NBU Client/ Enterprise client
NBU Master Server
NBU MSDP Server DB 专用
NBU MSDP Server File 专用
数据中心
数据中心
NBU Client/ Enterprise client
NBU Master Server
NBU MSDP Server DB 专用
8
Auto Image Replication (AIR) 原理
MSDP image replication
Master Server Master Server
自动导入Image 自动导入 Client
• NetBackup Storage Lifecycle Polices control the replication from Domain A to Domain B and once the image is automatically imported by Policy, the Domain B copy is managed by that domain
2
What's new in NetBackup 7.1
灾难恢复: 灾难恢复
自动化的备份映像复制
What's new in NetBackup 7.1
3
Auto Image Replication
• 在不同的备份域中复制基于磁盘的备份数据 • 允许从DR节点直接恢复数据到客户端 • 复制到DR备份域的数据会自动导入到DR 的 Catalog库，不再 需要人工干预，而且可以自动复制到磁带等设备做归档保留 • 备份域可以根据需要设定新的数据保留期 • 可以通过NBU的MSDP-PDDO或者支持 OST 功能的智能存储设 备实现跨域的备份数据复制功能
What's new in NetBackup 7.1
16
可管理性/易用性 可管理性 易用性
What's new in NetBackup 7.1
17
审计跟踪
• Audit trails enabled by default (new installations) • Extended audit coverage:
5
Auto Image Replication (AIR) 方案1 据集中/上收 数据集中 上收
方案优势 数据中心 • 数据跨地域、备份 域上收；
NBU Client/ Enterprise client NBU Master Server NBU MSDP Server
• 备份域间相互独立， 互不影响，安全稳 定； 广东分中心
What's new in NetBackup 7.1
11
文件细粒度恢复 Single File Recovery (SFR)的支持 的支持
• Install the NetBackup client inside the Linux VM. • VMware support:
– – – – Full backups or Block Level Incremental Backups (BLIB) RHEL 4 or later SUSE 10 or later vSphere APIs required: ESX 3.5.x (VI 3), ESX 4 (vSphere 4), ESX 4.1
备份 MSDP Media Server
复制
MSDP Media Server
Image
Image
Image
优化复制
源备份域
目标备份域
What's new in NetBackup 7.1
9
虚拟化 与 VMware 深度集成
What's new in NetBackup 7.1
10
Linux 虚拟机的功能增强
• 文件细粒度恢复 Single File Recovery (SFR)
– Enables individual file restores from full or BLIB backups – Supported in VMware and Hyper-V
• File Level Incremental Backup and restore