1 虚拟语气
虚拟语气1
money，I might buy a phone here now，we could tell him this good news you，I wouldn't do that a brother，I could ask him for help
tommorow，we would call off the class to rain tommorow，we’d call off the class tommorow，we would call off the class
虚拟语气1
序 中文
主 谓/系
1 如果你没起那么晚的话，你本来该完成作业的 If you hadn't got
2 如果我昨天早到些，那个孩子是可以被救时不会对他那么生气的 If you had told
4 如果我早知道他是这种人，我不会帮他的
If I had konwn
If it If it If it
rained were should rain
虚拟语气1 宾/表/其他 up so late，you should've finished your homework there earlier，that kid could have been saved me earlier，I wouldn't have been so angry with him that he was this kind of person，I wouldn't have helped him
5 如果我有钱的话，我可能会买个手机
If I
6 如果他现在在这的话，我们就能告诉他这个好 If he
7 如果我是你的话，我不会那样做的
If I
英语语法讲解之——虚拟语气[1]
![英语语法讲解之——虚拟语气[1]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/1bd90264f5335a8102d220fd.png)
虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。
I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。
May you succeed! 祝您成功!I．状语从句中的虚拟语气一、虚拟语气在if 引导的条件句中的用法：1. 表示与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句。
其句子结构为：从句：If + 主语+ 动词的过去式(be 用were) + ……主句：主语+ would (should, could , might) + 动词原形+ ……If I were you, I would go with him. If the weather were fine, I would go there.If it weren’t snowing, we wouldn’t stay in the house.If it weren’t for your help, we would get into trouble.If they were here, he would be speaking to them now.2. 表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。
其句子结构为：从句：If + 主语+ had +动词的过去分词+ ……主句：主语+ would (should, could, might) + have +动词的过去分词+……If you had taken my advice, you would not have made such a mistake.如果你听了我的劝告,就不会犯这样的错误。
If it hadn’t been for your help, I shouldn’t have finished this work on time.要是没有你们的帮忙，我就不会按时完成了这项工作。
虚拟语气-1..
3、可能违背将来事实的假设 这里指的是将来不大可能发生的假设，或者虽有可能发生， 说话人主观上不希望发生的假设。这种假设相当于汉语中 常用的“万一”，“居然”，“竟然”等含义。例如： If he should fail, we would encourage him to try again. 万一他失败，我们就鼓励他再试一次。 If I were to do it, I would do it in a different way. 要是我来做这件事，我会是另外一种做法。 We would wipe them out if they should attract us. 如果他们胆敢进攻，我们就将他们消灭。 If it should rain tomorrow, what could we do? 万一明天下雨，我们能做些什么呢？ If the rocket should fail in a few seconds, it would certainly explode.如果火箭几秒钟内竟然向下坠落，那就一定会爆炸。
5、连接词 if 的省略 如果条件从句的谓语包含有had, should 或 were，有时 if 可以 省略。这时had，should 或 were 要移到主语前面，形成倒装。 （这种句型主要见于书面形式。） Had he not been ill, he might have come. 要不是生病，他是会来的。 Were I to do it, I would do it in a different way. 要是我来做这件事，我会是另外一种做法。 Should it rain tomorrow, what could we do. 万一明天下雨，我们能做些什么呢？ Were it not for his help, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties. 如果不是因为他的帮助，我们就克服不了这些困难。
1.虚拟语气
(should) come • My demand is that she _______________ (come) to see me once a week. 表语从句
• All of us are for the advice that the chemical works (should) be (be)closed down. 同位语从句
2.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他.
If he were to come here tomorrow, I would tell him.
If虚拟句的倒装
万一下雨，我们将不得不推迟比 赛。
In case of rain, In case it rains, If it should rain, Should it rain,
A. If you should arrive B. If you arrive C. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive
名词性从句中的虚拟 语气及几种虚拟语气 特殊句型
1.表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气
一个坚持，两个命令， 三个建议，四个要求 1.insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose (advice, suggestion, proposal ) 4. demand , require, request, desire 这些词引导的名词性从句要使用虚拟语气。 即从句中的动词使用should + 动词原形， 或者将should省略。
1. ____the exam, he would have attend a college.
A. If he passed C. Were he passed B. Had he passed D. If he should pass
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气
2.这类主语从句常常用于表示要求、建议、 命令、请求、提议等，其谓语形式往往为 “ （ should）+ 动 词 原 形 ” 的 形 式 。 在 美 国，常省略should，而在英国，则往往不 省略should。
比如：
--It is necessary that the machine (should) be oiled everyday. 机器必须天天上油。
1.1.1.和现在事实相反的非真实条件句
这类非真实条件句表示和现在事实相反的情况。比如： --I would/should certainly go if I had the time.
如果我有时间，我一定会去的。 --If I were your father, I would criticize you more
--I never expected that the problem should be so complicated.
我从未想到问题会如此复杂。
--They just couldn’t believe that the new stadium should be so big.
他们简直不能相信新的体育馆会如此大。
--The teacher insisted that all the students (should) be on time.
老师要求学生们准时到校。
--He suggested that the regulations (should) be revised. 他建议修改规则。
The lawyer asked that the case (should ) be postponed for one month. 律师要求案子往后推迟一个月。
虚拟语气1
四、用在as if/ as though引导的方式状语从句中 用在 引导的方式状语从句中 She loves the orphan as if he were her own son. He talked as if he had known everything. 五、It is (high/ about) time that…(用过去时) that…(用过去时 用过去时) It is high time we began to work. It is high time that we should begin to work. It is time that children went to school. It is time that children should go to school.
*可以把 省略，将were, had, should 可以把if省略 可以把 省略， 提前， 提前，构成倒装 Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. Were it to rain tomorrow, we…. Had I not taken your advice, I would have made a bad mistake.
二、在非真实条件句中（所提出的假设 在非真实条件句中（ 实现的可能性极小或与事实相反） 实现的可能性极小或与事实相反） (1)与现在事实相反 (1)与现在事实相反 I would go if I had time. If there were no air, people would die. (2) 与过去事实相反 If you had got there earlier, you would have caught the bus. If I had not taken your advice, I would have made a bad mistake.
1 虚拟语气
虚拟语气——if补充：if：引导让步状语从句（引导让步状语从句的词组还有in case ,as long as）If 引导让步状语从句的两种情况：①主将从现②从句使用一般现在时，主句为祈使句①if it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home②if it rains tomorrow, take an umbrella.虚拟语气1>与过去事实相反从句：have done 主句：would/could/should/have done1、[have done]表过去的过去常用于①宾语从句②时间状语从句①I knew he had won 5 prices(先是他赢了5个奖，然后我知道)②as soon as I had got home, I called MD2、would/could/should have done 本来……我就能够I would have worked harder.3、假如我当时努力一些的话，我本来可以考上清华的If I had worked harder, I would have gone to Qsinghua要是当时我在丽水的话，我一定会过来帮你的。
If I had been in Lishui, I would have come to help you.假如我当时回家了，我就看不到这一幕了If I had gone back, I would never have seen it.虚拟语气2>与现在事实相反从句：did(be—were) 主句：过去将来时：would doIf I were you, I would marry him.If I had a lot of money, I would buy a big house.If I had wings, I would fly over.虚拟语气3>与将来事实相反从句：were to do sth. 主：would have doneIf I were to come back tomorrow, I would have entered for your graduation ceremonyIf I were to have free time tomorrow, I would have gone traveling with you.。
1虚拟语气(高二理科英语上册)
Ⅰ 虚拟语气1. (should) + v 原形一坚持（insist ）, 二命令（order ，command ），三建议（advise, suggest ，recommend ），四要求（desire, demand, require, request ）, 后的宾语从句以及其构成的主语从句， 其相对应的名词order, advice, suggestion, proposal(提议) 后that 引导的表语从句或同位语从句。
He insisted that I (should )start at once. It is advised that people (should) get up early to keep healthy. His suggestion is that the meeting be put off now. My advice is that he (should) buy a bicycle as soon as possible.She put forward a suggestion that we (should) go for an outing this Sunday.If I had followed your advice, I would have passed the exam.it rained,Ifit should rain, we wouldn ’t take morning exercise.it were to rain,注意：1）有时从句中没有条件从句，其内容暗含在短语或上下文中，这种句子叫含蓄条件句。
句中往往有but for （要不是）, without, otherwise 出现，相当于一个if 虚拟条件句。
eg. But for your help, we could not have finished the program in time.(If it had not been for your help)I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise I would not have kept you waiting for a long time. (If I had not been caught in a traffic jam for over an hour)2）若if 条件句中含有were, should, had 可将if 省略，需将were, should, had 提到主语之前。
虚拟语气(1)(2)
虚拟语气（一）－if引导的虚拟条件句虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)这一语法项目是各类英语考试中测试的重点之一。
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。
首先要判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句, 只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。
通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个时间的事实相反。
通常有三种情况：①与过去事实相反②与现在事实相反③与将来事实可能相反最基本的虚拟语气句型:1. 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be一般用were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形。
If places were alike, there would be little need for geographers.2. 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时的形式即had＋过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词。
If he had known your address yesterday, he would have telephoned you.3. 虚拟将来时是表示对将来实现的可能性很小的或不确定的假设。
If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用were to/should +动词原形,主句用would /should/could /might+动词原形。
If he were to leave today, he would get there by Friday.谓语动词形式见下表:即时演练：1. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she ______, she would have met my brother.A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come2. It’s quite impossible that it’ll rain tomorrow. But if it ______, I would still go to the park.A. should rainB. would rainC. rainsD. had rained3. I _______ if she _______ me.A. would have overslept, didn’t callB. would have overslept, hadn’t calledC. overslept, hadn't calledD. would overslept, didn't call4. The new airport _____ if they had not stopped working on it.A. would completeB. had been completedC. had completedD. would have been completed5.If there were no subjunctive mood, English ______ much easier.A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been6.Should it rain, the crops ______ .A. would be savedB. would have been savedC. will be savedD. had been saved7.You _______ earlier. The bus left a moment ago.A. would comeB. should have comeC. may comeD. have come8.You _______ such a serious mistake if you had followed his adviceA. may not makeB. might have not madeC. shouldn't have madeD. might not have made9.We ________ the work on time without your help.A. hadn't had finishedB. didn't have finishedC. couldn't have finishedD. can't have finished10. A few minutes earlier and we _____ the train.A. have caughtB. had caughtC. could have caughtD. were to catch11. If it were not for the fact that you _____ ill, I would ask you to do this right now.A. wereB. had beenC. areD. should be12. If it _______ so hard, we'd go to town.A. isn't rainingB. doesn'tC. weren't rainingD. isn't going to rain13. —If he ______, he _______ that food.—Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warned; would not takeB. had been warned; would not have takenC. had been warned; had not takenD. would have been warned; had not taken14. ---If I had a lot of money, I______ around the world.---Stop dreaming! Just do what you should do!A. were to travelB. would travelC. could have traveledD. will travel15. This printer is of good quality. If it ______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might虚拟语气（二）－if引导的虚拟条件句的特殊情况I. 错综时间虚拟语气若主句从句所指的时间不一致，即条件从句表示与过去事实相反，主句表示与现在事实相反；或者条件从句表示与现在事实相反，主句表真实情况，则从句中应采用与具体时间相对应的虚拟形式。
虚拟语气的情态动词
虚拟语气的情态动词虚拟语气是用来表达一种不真实或者不确定的情况。
在英语中，虚拟语气通常通过使用情态动词来实现。
情态动词包括can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must等等。
这些情态动词可以用于表达虚拟条件、建议、要求、推测、愿望等等。
1. 虚拟语气的用法1.1 虚拟条件句在虚拟条件句中，我们使用“if”引导从句来表达一个与现实相反的条件。
通常情态动词“would”用于主句中。
例句1：If I were you, I would study harder.如果我是你，我会更加努力学习。
例句2：If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.如果明天下雨，我们会待在家里。
1.2 虚拟建议虚拟语气也可以用于表示建议或者要求。
在这种情况下，我们使用情态动词“should”或者“would”来表示建议、要求或者命令。
例句3：I suggest that he should go to bed early.我建议他早点上床睡觉。
例句4：He demanded that she leave immediately.他要求她立刻离开。
1.3 虚拟推测虚拟语气还可以用于表示推测、猜测或者怀疑。
在这种情况下，我们通常使用情态动词“may”, “might”或者“could”。
例句5：He may have missed the bus.他可能错过了公共汽车。
例句6：They could be at the cinema.他们可能在电影院里。
1.4 虚拟愿望虚拟语气还可以用于表示愿望、理想以及虚构的情节。
在这种情况下，我们通常使用情态动词“would”。
例句7：I wish I could travel the world.我希望我能够环游世界。
例句8：If I were rich, I would buy a mansion.如果我有钱的话，我会买一座豪宅。
虚拟语气讲义(15个句式)
虚拟语气讲义1．虚拟语气句型1If + were/ did/ (动词的过去式), 主语+would/ might/ should / could + do 。
(表示对现在的假设)eg. If I were you, I would not be so proud . 如果我是你,我不会如此自负.eg. I don’t have a cellphone. If I had one , it would be convenient for me to get in touch with others 我没有手机，如果我有手机的话，和别人联系就方便的多了。
eg. If I were in your position, I would think better of it .如果我处在你现在的境地，我会重新考虑然后放弃。
2. 虚拟语气句型2If + had done, 主语+would/ might/ should / could + have done表示对过去或已经发生事情的虚拟假设。
eg. What a pity it is that you didn’t attended the concert yesterday! If you had attended the concert, you would have seen the famous singer.真遗憾你昨天没有去听音乐会。
如果你去了，你就会见到那位名歌手。
eg. Anyone in his position would have done the same= If anyone had been in his position, he would have done the same.3. 虚拟语气句型3If + were/ did(动词过去式)/should/ were to do , 主语+would/ might/ should / could + do (表示对将来的假设).eg. If he should refuse (= if he were to refuse = if he refused ), it wouldn’t matter万一他拒绝了. 那也没有什么关系.eg. If you shouldn’t pass the college entrance e*amination, what would you do"万一你高考不中，你该怎么办？4. 虚拟语气条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，如果出现有were, had, should，可省去if，可将主语与这些词倒装，构成虚拟倒装句。
高二虚拟语气1(if.wish)
虚拟语气一．概念：虚拟语气是谓语动词的一种特殊表达形式。
它表示说话人的话与事实不符合或者不可能实现，只表示一种愿望，假设和猜测。
二．If引导的虚拟条件句的用法三种情况：条件从句的谓语动词（if）主句的谓语动词与现在事实动词的过去式should/would/could/ 相反be常用were might+动词原形与过去事实had+过去分词should/would/could/ 相反might +have+过去分词1.动词的过去式与将来事实 2.should+动词原形should/would/could/ 相反 3.were to+动词原形might+动词原形1.If I had time, I would see you off.2.If he had got up earlier, he would have caught the bus.3.If she should go shopping tomorrow, I would go with her.注意：1.主句中的should通常用于第1人称, 根据意思的需要可用情态动词could, might，would.If you tried again, you would succeed. 一定成功If you tried again, you could succeed. 能够成功If you tried again, you might succeed. 可能成功2.条件从句中如果动词是be动词,其过去式所有人称和单复数都用were.但是在口语中,第1, 3人称单数常用was代替were.但是If I were you,是不变的.If I were you, I would study harder.3.如果条件从句的谓语动词包含有were 或助动词/情态动词had/ should, could,有时将if省略,而将were, had, should, could,提到主语之前Had you (If you had) invited us, we would have come to your party.Were I (If I were you) you, I would do more practice.Could she (If she could) lend us a helping hand, we would be grateful.其他情况：1.混合虚拟语气，有时主句与从句所指的时间不一致，这就叫错综虚拟语气或混合虚拟语气，它要求主从句的时态根据实际时间概念确定。
虚拟语气1
虚拟语气在 在条件从句中
表示与事实情况相反 条件从句的谓语形式
总结
主句的谓语形式
表示与现在事实情 况相反(present) 表示与过去事实情 况相反(past)
过去式(did/were) (be常用 were) 过去完成式 (had +done)
would / could / might / should + do would / could / might / should +have done
1.如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。 should go for a picnic If it________ were not raining, we _________ 2.如果他来这，他就能够帮助你了。 might be If he came _____ here, he ____________ able to help you. 3.如果我是你的话，我就会带走他们。 were you, I_______________ would take If I _______ them away.
与事实相 反 表示将来 情况
条件从句的谓语形 式 ①过去式 (did) ②should + do ③were to do
主句的谓语形式 would / could / might / should +动词原形 (do)
1.如果你成功，一切就好了。 If you ___________, everything would be all right. succeeded If you ________________, everything would be all should succeed right. If you ________________, everything would be all were to succeed right. 2.明年我要是才二十岁，我就会学计算机课程。 If I _______________ only twenty years old next were to be year, I ________________ the course of computer would take
英语重点语法讲解——虚拟语气(一)
英语重点语法讲解——虚拟语气（一）今天凯撒国际英语的小编教你如何正确使用虚拟语气，虚拟语气是英语语法中的重点知识。
只有把基础英语语法学扎实了，再进一步学习可是很轻松的哦！虚拟语气表达的句子意思很丰富的，对于英语口语也有很大的帮助！接下来，一起学习吧！1）概念虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
2）在条件句中的应用条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。
非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
16.1 真实条件句真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中if 是如果的意思。
时态关系句型：条件从句主句一般现在时shall/will + 动词原形If he comes, he will bring his violin.典型例题The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.A.will rainB. rainsC. rainedD. is rained答案B。
真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。
注意：1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will.(错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.(对) If you leave now, you will never regret it.2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。
16.2 非真实条件句1）时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。
它的基本特点是时态退后。
a.同现在事实相反的假设。
句型：条件从句主句一般过去时should( would) +动词原形If they were here, they would help you.b.表示于过去事实相反的假设。
虚拟语气知识点总结
虚拟语气知识点总结
1、虚拟语气
虚拟语气是指一种表示假设或愿望的语法结构，它把一个不可能发生或不真实的情景描绘成一种可能性或假如的句子。
它的主要用途是表达某种假想或期望。
2、虚拟语气的形式
虚拟语气有三种形式：(1) should + 动词原形; (2) were + 动词原形; (3) had + 过去分词。
3、虚拟语气的用法
(1) should + 动词原形：表示某种一般的假设或期望，例如：If I had money, I should buy a car.
(2) were + 动词原形：表示与现在事实相反的假设，例如：If I were you, I wouldn't do that.
(3) had + 过去分词：表示与过去事实相反的假设，例如：If I had studied hard, I wouldn't have failed the exam.
4、虚拟语气与实际语气的区别
(1) 语序不同：实际语气是实意句，主谓宾语序；虚拟语气为条件句，句首常有if等连词，主谓的语序通常由主语部分在句首构成条件状语。
(2) 谓语动词形式不同：实际语气谓语动词用一般时，虚拟语气谓语动词用虚拟语气形式。
(3) 意义不同：实际语气表示真实发生的事实，虚拟语气表示假
设或期望。
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Review of the Subjunctive Mood
Yang Qi
Teaching aims:
1.Learn the expressions of the subjunctive mood in if-clause;
2.Know the uses of the subjunctive mood in noun clauses;
3.Be able to use the subjunctive mood in context.
Teaching important and difficult points:
1.The expressions and uses of the subjunctive mood in if-clause;
2.The uses of the subjunctive mood in noun clauses;
Teaching methods:
Students-centered teaching;Task-based teaching;Group activity Exercises
Teaching aids:
The multimedia: the blackboard
Teaching procedures:
Step 1 Lead-in
（1）The definition of the Subjunctive Mood;
（2）Show students some funny pictures to see the form of the subjunctive mood:
If I had a lot of money, I would buy a villa.
If he had driven more carefully,he wouldn't have had the car accident yesterday.
If the God should give me another chance,I would tell the girl three words: I love her!
Step 2 The expressions of the subjunctive mood in if-clause (1)分为与过去相反，与现在相反，与将来相反三种情况Eg: If I had time ,I would come to see you.
If I had taken your advice, I wouldn't have made a mistake.
If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldn't go for an outing.
Then give students some exercises.
(2)if非真实条件句的倒装：条件句中有were, had,should时，如省略if，则把were,should,had放在主语之前，就构成倒装结构了；
eg: Were I you, I would try it again.
Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen
the film.
Should it rain tomorrow, we wouldn't go out.
Then have students do some exercises.
(3)错综时间条件句：主句和从句的谓语所发生的时间不一
致,主句和从句的谓语要根据各自所
指的不同时间选用适当的虚拟语气
形式。
Eg: If I were you, I wouldn't have missed the film last night.
If you had followed the teacher's advice,you wouldn't be in
hospital now.
Then have students translate some sentences.
(4)含蓄条件句：有事虚拟条件句不用从句，而是通过上下文或用介词短语等表示出来，常用with, without,but for。
But for your help, we couldn't have succeeded.
Without sunlight, people's life would be difficult.
We will go earlier, otherwise we might not get a seat.
After that ,let students do some exercises.
Step 3 Summery
Lead students to review what we have learned this class Step 4 Homework。