初三期中考试试卷
2023-2024学年上海市松江区九年级上学期期中考试语文试卷含详解
2023学年第一学期九年级语文学科期中阶段质量监测试卷(完成时间:100分钟)一、古诗文(35分)(一)(13分)1.默写与运用(1)春蚕到死丝方尽,_________________。
(李商隐《无题》)(2)_________________,到乡翻似烂柯人。
(刘禹锡《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》)(3)山水之乐,_________________。
(欧阳修《醉翁亭记》)(4)刚升入初三的小明同学在月考中发挥不好,伤心难过,他的好友用李白《行路难》(其一)中的“_________________,_________________”来激励他要坚定理想和信念,积极乐观地面对中考。
(二)(22分)阅读下面选文,完成下面小题【甲】卖炭翁①卖炭翁,伐薪烧炭南山中。
满面尘灰烟火色,两鬓苍苍十指黑。
卖炭得钱何所营?身上衣裳口中食。
可怜身上衣正单,心忧炭贱愿天寒。
夜来城外一尺雪,晓驾炭车辗冰辙。
牛困人饥日已高,市南门外泥中歇。
②翩翩两骑来是谁?黄衣使者白衫儿。
手把文书口称敕,回车叱牛牵向北。
一车炭,千余斤,宫使驱将惜不得。
半匹红纱一丈绫,系向牛头充炭直。
【乙】《岳阳楼记》(节选)①若夫淫雨霏霏,连月不开,阴风怒号,浊浪排空,日星隐曜,山岳潜形,商旅不行,樯倾楫摧,薄暮冥冥,虎啸猿啼。
登斯楼也,则有去国怀乡,忧谗畏讥,满目萧然,感极而悲者矣。
②至若春和景明,波澜不惊,上下天光,一碧万顷,沙鸥翔集,锦鳞游泳,岸芷汀兰,郁郁青青。
而或长烟一空,皓月千里,浮光跃金,静影沉璧,渔歌互答,此乐何极!登斯楼也,则有心旷神怡,宠辱偕忘,把酒临风,其喜洋洋者矣。
③嗟夫!予尝求古仁人之心,或异二者之为,何哉?不以物喜,不以己悲,居庙堂之高则忧其民,处江湖之远则忧其君。
是进亦忧,退亦忧。
然则何时而乐耶?其必曰“先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐”乎!噫!微斯人,吾谁与归?时六年九月十五日。
【丙】①曾巩,字子固,生而警敏,读书数百言,脱口辄诵。
2024-2025学年人教版初三英语上册期中素质考试试卷及答案
2024-2025学年人教版初三英语上册期中素质考试试卷班级:________________ 学号:________________ 姓名:______________一、听力题(每题3分)1.Question: How often does Lucy exercise?A. Every day.B. Three times a week.C. Twice a week.Answer: A2.Question: What’s the weather like in the south of China in winter?A. Cold and snowy.B. Hot and rainy.C. Warm and sunny.Answer: C3.Question: Where did the boy find his lost watch?A. In the classroom.B. In the playground.C. In the school library.Answer: B4.Question: What’s the man’s favorite subject?A. Math.B. Science.C. English.Answer: A5.Question: How much is the shirt on sale?A.10.B.20.C.30.Answer: A(Note: These are sample questions and answers. The actual test questions and answers may vary.)二、单选题(每题3分)1.—_______is the weather in your city?— It’s sunny and warm.A. WhatB. HowC. WhereD. WhyAnswer: A2.— I’m sorry for breaking your cup.— _______. It’s not expensive.A. You’re welcomeB. It’s OKC. That’s rightD. No problemAnswer: B3.The teacher asked us_______in class.A. not to talkB. not talkC. don’t talkD. not talkingAnswer: A4.She is always ready_______others.A. helpB. helpsC. to helpD. helpingAnswer: C5.—_______do you usually go to bed?— At 10:00 p.m.A. What timeB. How longC. How farD. How oftenAnswer: A三、多选题(每题4分)Question 1:Choose TWO answers that are correct.Which of the following words best describe the main character in the story?A. BraveB. LazyC. KindD. SelfishE. StubbornAnswers: A, CQuestion 2:Choose TWO answers that are grammatically correct.Which of the following sentences are correct?A. He is the tallest boy in the class.B. She like to read books in her free time.C. We goes to the movies every Friday.D. They has a big house in the countryside.E. I am writing a letter to my friend.Answers: A, EQuestion 3:Choose TWO answers that represent the correct meaning of the idiom. What does the idiom “to kill two birds with one stone” mean?A. To be efficient and accomplish two tasks at once.B. To be lazy and avoid doing work.C. To be confused and not understand something.D. To be angry and upset about something.E. To be careful and think before acting.Answers: A, E (Note: Strictly speaking, only A is the correct definition, but E could be considered a stretched interpretation due to its connotation of being smart and efficient.)Question 4:Choose TWO answers that represent the correct order of the steps in the process.What is the correct order of steps in making a sandwich?A. Spread butter on one slice of bread.B. Put the slices of bread together.C. Cut the sandwich in half.D. Add your favorite toppings.E. Toast the bread if desired.Answers: A, D, E, B, CQuestion 5:Choose TWO answers that represent the correct punctuation in the sentence. Where should the commas be placed in the following sentence?“The teacher asked the students to hand in their homework before the end of the class.”A. The teacher, asked the students to hand in their homework before the end of the class.B. The teacher asked, the students to hand in their homework before the end of the class.C. The teacher asked the students, to hand in their homework before the end of the class.D. The teacher asked the students to hand in, their homework before the end of the class.E. The teacher asked the students to hand in their homework before the end of the class.Answers: D, E (Note: E has no commas, but it is the original sentence with correct punctuation. D has a comma that is acceptable in some styles toseparate a long prepositional phrase from the rest of the sentence.)四、阅读理解(每题4分)Title: The Power of ReadingReading is a powerful tool that can open up a world of knowledge and imagination. It has the ability to transport us to faraway places, introduce us to new ideas, and help us understand the perspectives of others. Whether it’s a thrilling adventure story, athought-provoking novel, or a factual non-fiction book, reading has the potential to enrich our lives in countless ways.One of the most significant benefits of reading is its impact on our vocabulary. As we read, we encounter new words and phrases that we might not otherwise come across in daily conversation. Over time, this exposure to a wider range of vocabulary helps us communicate more effectively and express ourselves with greater precision.In addition to vocabulary, reading also enhances our critical thinking skills. As we read, we are presented with different points of view and are challenged to analyze andevaluate the information we encounter. This process of questioning and analyzing what we read helps us develop a more nuanced understanding of the world and the issues we face.Moreover, reading can be a source of comfort and solace. In times of stress orloneliness, a good book can provide a welcome distraction and a sense of escape. The characters and stories we encounter in books can offer us insights into human behavior and emotions, helping us better understand ourselves and others.Finally, reading is a lifelong pursuit that can bring joy and fulfillment to any age. Fromyoung children learning to read their first words to adults seeking to expand theirhorizons, the joy of reading is universal. It is a habit that can be cultivated and nurtured, enriching our lives with knowledge, wisdom, and understanding.Questions1.What is the main idea of the passage? (4 points)•Answer: The passage discusses the power and benefits of reading.2.What is one of the significant benefits of reading mentioned in the passage? (4points)•Answer: It impacts our vocabulary and helps us communicate more effectively.3.How does reading enhance our critical thinking skills? (4 points)•Answer: By presenting us with different points of view and challenging us to analyze and evaluate the information we encounter.4.What does reading offer in times of stress or loneliness? (4 points)•Answer: Comfort and solace. It can provide a distraction and a sense of escape.5.What is the universal joy that reading brings to people of all ages? (4 points)•Answer: The joy of reading is universal and can bring joy and fulfillment to any age.五、作文(30分)Title: The Importance of Perseverance in Overcoming ChallengesDirections: Write a composition of about 100 words on the topic “The Importance of Perseverance in Overcoming Challenges.” You should base your composition on the outline given below.Outline:1.Introduction: Define perseverance and its significance.2.Main Body:•Give examples of people who persevered and achieved success. •Explain why perseverance is crucial in overcoming challenges.3.Conclusion: Summarize the importance of perseverance and encourage readers topersevere.Sample Composition:In life, we often encounter various challenges and obstacles. To overcome these, perseverance plays a pivotal role. Perseverance is the ability to continue doingsomething despite difficulties or failure. It is a key ingredient for success.Many great individuals have demonstrated the power of perseverance. TakeThomas Edison, for instance, who persevered through thousands of failed attempts to invent the light bulb. His unwavering dedication eventually led to a momentous achievement. Similarly, athletes who persevere through rigorous training achieve remarkable results on the field.The importance of perseverance lies in its ability to transform adversity intoopportunity. It helps us stay focused and motivated, even when faced withseemingly insurmountable challenges. By persevering, we can gradually overcome obstacles and achieve our goals.In conclusion, perseverance is essential for overcoming challenges in life. It is avaluable trait that can transform our failures into successes. Therefore, let uscultivate perseverance and never give up in pursuit of our dreams.。
2023-2024学年北京汇文中学九年级上学期期中考试语文试卷含详解
2023-2024学年北京汇文中学初三上学期期中语文一、基础•运用(每题2分,共14分)某校初三年级组织学生开展“故宫文创发展之路”的文化探究活动,以下是同学们共同拟写的研究报告。
一、困境与出路①故宫博物院收藏的藏品高达180多万件,但以往留给参观者的印象却有些尴尬。
“你说你有宏伟的馆舍,但是大部分区域你都不开放;你说你有丰厚的文物藏品,但是绝大部分沉睡在库房里;你说你有世界上最大规模的观众,但是他们都是目不斜视地从前门走到后门,你就不是真正融入世界的博物馆【甲】故宫博物院第六任院长单霁翔曾这样痛心地说过。
②2013年8月,【乙】紫禁城杯【乙】故宫文化产品创意设计大赛首次向社会征集作品,明确了“把故宫文化带回家”的主题,奠定了故宫文创的基调:将民族文化借助创意产品融入现代生活。
此后,Q版的故宫娃娃、创意与实用兼具的朝珠耳机、“必购清单”故宫日lì、“朕就是这样汉子”折扇等系列产品相继面世,大批年轻粉丝直呼“故宫这波操作有点厉害”“和印象中不一样了”!故宫开始凭借实用性、趣味性并存的文创产品逐渐摆脱了以往曲高和寡的“阳春白雪....”形象,huàn发出了勃勃生机。
1.同学们对划线词语的读音、写法有疑惑,请你帮他们指出判断有误的一项()A.“馆舍”一词泛指房屋,应读作“guǎn shè”。
B.“日lì”的“lì”是“记录年月日和节气的书、表等”的意思,该词应写作“日历”。
C.“曲高和寡”一词原来指乐曲的格调越高,能跟着唱的人就越少,“曲”应读作“qǔ”。
D.“huàn发”一词指光彩外现的样子,应写为“涣发”。
2.同学们拿不准填入【甲】【乙】两处的标点符号,你认为最恰当的一项是()A.【甲】。
”【乙】“”B.【甲】”。
【乙】“”C.【甲】。
”【乙】《》D.【甲】”。
【乙】《》3.“阳春白雪”一词原指战国时期楚国的一种较高级的歌曲,后泛指高深的不通俗的文学艺术。
福田期中考试试卷初三语文
一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. 下列词语中,字形、字音都完全正确的一项是:A. 谦虚(qiān xū)神秘(shén mì)奔跑(bēn pǎo)B. 灵巧(líng qiǎo)精湛(jīng zhàn)欣慰(xīn wèi)C. 贪婪(tān lán)畸形(jī xíng)奔腾(bēn téng)D. 神秘(shén mì)灵巧(líng qiào)奔跑(bēn pào)2. 下列句子中,没有语病的一项是:A. 这本书内容丰富,深受广大师生喜爱。
B. 为了提高学生的学习成绩,学校决定加大教育力度。
C. 我们要努力学习,为实现中华民族的伟大复兴而努力奋斗。
D. 这幅画色彩鲜艳,栩栩如生,让人看了不禁赞叹不已。
3. 下列句子中,使用比喻手法最恰当的一项是:A. 那个老师讲得生动有趣,像磁铁一样吸引着我们。
B. 那座山犹如一位巨人,静静地矗立在远方。
C. 那只小鸟在天空中自由飞翔,宛如一只风筝。
D. 那片湖泊如同一面镜子,倒映着蓝天白云。
4. 下列词语中,与“风雨同舟”意思相近的一项是:A. 患难与共B. 同甘共苦C. 众志成城D. 和衷共济5. 下列文学常识表述正确的一项是:A. 《西游记》的作者是吴承恩,主要讲述了孙悟空保护唐僧西天取经的故事。
B. 《红楼梦》的作者是曹雪芹,主要讲述了贾宝玉和林黛玉的爱情悲剧。
C. 《水浒传》的作者是施耐庵,主要讲述了宋江领导的梁山好汉起义的故事。
D. 《三国演义》的作者是罗贯中,主要讲述了刘备、关羽、张飞三兄弟的英勇事迹。
二、填空题(每空2分,共20分)6. 下列句子出自哪篇课文?“独在异乡为异客,每逢佳节倍思亲。
”()7. “海内存知己,天涯若比邻。
”出自唐代诗人(),这句诗表达了怎样的情感?8. “学而时习之,不亦说乎?”这句话出自《论语》,下列哪个选项不是孔子的学生?()9. 《孟子》一书中,孟子主张的“仁政”思想,主要体现了怎样的政治理念?()10. “黄鹤之飞尚不得过,猿猱欲度愁攀援。
南京市秦淮区2023-2024学年初三上学期期中考试数学试卷(含解析)
南京秦淮区2023-2024学年度第一学期第一阶段学业质量监测九年级数学一、选择题.(本大题共6小题,每小题2分,共12分.在每小题所给出的四个选项中,恰有一项是符合题目要求的,请将正确选项前的字母代号填涂在答题卡相应位置上) 1.下列方程是一元二次方程的是( ) A . 210x -=B .2110x -= C . 20x x -=D . 20x y -=2.一个圆锥的侧面积为36π,其底面圆的半径为4,则该圆锥的母线长为( ) A . 3B . 4C . 9D . 123.如图,点C 在O 上,OC 平分弦AB ,连接OA ,BC ,若40A ∠=︒,则C ∠的度数是( )A . 50︒B . 60︒C . 65︒D . 70︒4.“雷达图”是一种常用统计图,它可以直观展示一个研究对象的不同方面.图是某学生某次测验的五门学科成绩的“雷达图”,如果从学科一到学科五4:2:2:1:1计算平均成绩,则该学生这五门学科的平均成绩是( )A . 80B . 82C . 84D . 865.以下图形:①平行四边形;②菱形;③矩形;④正方形.其中一定有外接圆的是( ) A . ①B . ②③C . ③④D . ②③④6.图①是一张长28cm ,宽16cm 的矩形纸片,将阴影部分裁去(阴影部分为4个完全相同的小矩形)并折叠成一个如图②的底面积为280cm 的有盖长方体盒子.设该盒子的高为xcm ,根据题意,可列方程为( )A . (282)(162)80x x --=B . (2822)(162)80x x -⨯-=C . 1(282)(162)802x x ⨯--=D .1(282)(162)802x x --=二、填空题.(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分.请把答案直接填写在答题卷相应位置上) 7.方程24x =的根是 .8.一组数据7,10,7,2,7的极差是 .9.若将一元二次方程21616x x +=化为2()x m n +=的形式,则m n += .10.如图,在ABC ∆中,92A ∠=︒,则点A 在以线段BC 为直径的圆 .(填“上”“内”或“外”)11.如图,在O 中,弦AB 的长度是弦CD 长度的两倍,连接OA ,OB ,OC ,OD ,则A O B ∠ 2COD ∠.(填“>”“<”或“=”)12.小明参加了中国传统文化课程——射箭,在一次练习中,他的成绩如下表所示:那么他成绩的中位数是 环.13.某超市今年八月份的营业额为20万元,今年十月份的营业额为24万元,设平均每月营业额的增长率为x ,根据题意可列方程为 .14.如图,四边形ABCD 的各边都与O 相切,若28AB CD cm ==,则四边形ABCD 的周长为 cm .15.如图,O 的半径为2,AB 是弦,点C 在优弧AB 上.将O 沿AB 折叠后,连接CB ,CB 交AB 于点D .若108ADB ∠=︒,则ADB 的长是 (结果保留π).16.在ABC ∆中,135A ∠=︒,3AB =,AC =,则其外接圆的半径是 .三、解答题.(本大题共11小题,共88分.请在答题卷指定区域内作答,解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤)17.(6分)解方程:2410x x -+=.18.(6分)解方程:3(2)2x x x -=-.19.(8分)已知关于x 的一元二次方程20(0,0)ax bx c a c ++=≠≠.(1)当这个方程二次项系数和常数项的符号不同时,证明:该方程一定有两个不相等的实数根; (2)若这个方程有两个不相等的实数根,那么该方程二次项系数和常数项的符号是否一定不同?若是,请证明;若不是,请举出一个反例.20.(7分)如图,在O 的内接正八边形ABCDEFGH 中,2AB =,连接DG . (1)求证DG AB ∥; (2)DG 的长为 .21.(8分)已知关于x 的方程22(21)0x m x m +-+=. (1)当该方程有实数根时,求m 的范围;(2)若该方程的两个根1x ,2x 满足1212x x x x +=⋅,求m 的值.22.(9分)某工厂对新建的两条生产线A ,B 进行试运行,这两条生产线各生产了5个批次的产品(每个批次各100个).其中每个批次产品的合格数量如图.(1)哪条生产线的合格产品数量比较稳定,为什么?(2)经过调试,在接下来生产的5个批次中,生产线A ,B 的合格产品数量如下表:23.(6分)如图,已知直线l 和点A ,B .在直线l 上确定点C ,使以A ,B ,C 为顶点的三角形是直角三角形.(尺规作图,不写作法,保留作图痕迹,作出所有满足条件的点C .)24.(8分)某超市销售一批月饼,这批月饼每盒进价为80元,售价为120元,平均每天可售出20盒.为了增加盈利,商场采取了降价措施.假设在一定范围内,月饼的单价每降1元,商场平均每天可多售出2盒,降价后商场消售这批月饼每天盈利1200元.求降价后该月饼每盒的售价.25.(9分)如图,在ABC ∆中,AB AC =,O 是它的外接圆,点D 在AC 上且CD CB =,连接AD ,BD ,CD ,BD 与AC 交于点E .(1)判断AED ∆的形状,并证明; (2)当AD BE =时,求BAC ∠的度数.26.(10分)如图①,C ,D 分别是半圆O 的直径AB 上的点,点E ,F 在AB 上,且四边形CDEF 是正方形.(1)若AB =CDEF 的面积为 ;(2)如图②,点G ,H ,M 分别在AB ,AB ,DE 上,连接HG ,HM ,四边形DGHM 是正方形,且其面积为16. ①求AB 的值;②如图③,点N ,P ,Q 分别在HM ,AB ,EM 上,连接PN ,PQ ,四边形MNPQ 是正方形.直接写出正方形MNPQ 与正方形DGHM 的面积比.27.(11分)我们把经过三角形的一个顶点且与该三角形的两条边所在直线相切的圆叫做这个三角形的准切圆.(1)如图,已知ABC ∆.求作:ABC ∆的一个准切圆;(尺规作图,不写作法,保留作图痕迹) (2)证明:等边三角形的准切圆与它的外接圆是等圆;(3)在Rt ABC ∆中,90C ∠=︒,3AC =,4BC =,直接写出它的准切圆的半径长.南京市秦淮区2023-2024学年度第一学期第一阶段学业质量监测九年级数学一、选择题.(本大题共6小题,每小题2分,共12分.在每小题所给出的四个选项中,恰有一项是符合题目要求的,请将正确选项前的字母代号填涂在答题卡相应位置上) 1.下列方程是一元二次方程的是( ) A . 210x -=B .2110x -= C . 20x x -=D . 20x y -=【答案】C .【解析】解:A 、210x -=,是一元一次方程,故A 不符合题意; B 、2110x -=,是分式方程,故B 不符合题意; C 、20x x -=,是一元二次方程,故C 符合题意; D 、20x y -=,是二元一次方程,故D 不符合题意;故选:C .2.一个圆锥的侧面积为36π,其底面圆的半径为4,则该圆锥的母线长为( ) A . 3B . 4C . 9D . 12【答案】C .【解析】设该圆锥的母线长为l ,根据题意得124362l ππ⨯⨯⨯=,解得9l =,即该圆锥的母线长是9. 故选:C .3.如图,点C 在O 上,OC 平分弦AB ,连接OA ,BC ,若40A ∠=︒,则C ∠的度数是( )A . 50︒B . 60︒C . 65︒D . 70︒【答案】C .【解析】OA OB =,40A ∠=︒, 40B ∴∠=︒, OC 平分弦AB ,OC AB ∴⊥,904050BOC ∴∠=︒-︒=︒, OC OB =,18050652OCB ︒-︒∴∠==︒, 故选:C .4.“雷达图”是一种常用统计图,它可以直观展示一个研究对象的不同方面.图是某学生某次测验的五门学科成绩的“雷达图”,如果从学科一到学科五4:2:2:1:1计算平均成绩,则该学生这五门学科的平均成绩是( )A . 80B . 82C . 84D . 86【答案】B . 【解析】平均成绩为4802100260100808210⨯+⨯+⨯++=,故选:B .5.以下图形:①平行四边形;②菱形;③矩形;④正方形.其中一定有外接圆的是( ) A . ①B . ②③C . ③④D . ②③④【答案】C .【解析】根据有外接圆的条件,四边形必须对角互补, ∴只有矩形、正方形有外接圆,故③④一定有外接圆. 故选:C .6.图①是一张长28cm ,宽16cm 的矩形纸片,将阴影部分裁去(阴影部分为4个完全相同的小矩形)并折叠成一个如图②的底面积为280cm 的有盖长方体盒子.设该盒子的高为xcm ,根据题意,可列方程为( )A . (282)(162)80x x --=B . (2822)(162)80x x -⨯-=C . 1(282)(162)802x x ⨯--=D .1(282)(162)802x x --=【答案】D .【解析】设该盒子的高为xcm ,则纸盒底面的长为1(282)2x cm -,宽为(162)x cm -,纸盒的底面(图中阴影部分)面积是280cm , ∴1(282)(162)802x x --=, 故选:D .二、填空题.(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分.请把答案直接填写在答题卷相应位置上) 7.方程24x =的根是 . 【答案】122,2x x ==-. 【解析】两边开平方得, 2x =±.故答案为:122,2x x ==-.8.一组数据7,10,7,2,7的极差是 . 【答案】8.【解析】极差为:1028-=. 故答案为:8.9.若将一元二次方程21616x x +=化为2()x m n +=的形式,则m n += . 【答案】88.【解析】21616x x +=,216641664x x ++=+,2(8)80x +=, 所以8m =,80n =, 所以88088m n +=+=. 故答案为:88.10.如图,在ABC ∆中,92A ∠=︒,则点A 在以线段BC 为直径的圆 .(填“上”“内”或“外”)【答案】内.【解析】若点D 在以线段BC 为直径的圆上,则90D ∠=︒, 因为9290A D ∠=︒>∠=︒,所以点A 在以线段BC 为直径的圆内, 故答案为:内.11.如图,在O 中,弦AB 的长度是弦CD 长度的两倍,连接OA ,OB ,OC ,OD ,则A O B ∠ 2COD ∠.(填“>”“<”或“=”)【答案】>.【解析】过点O 作OE AB ⊥交AB 于点F ,连接BE .∴12AF BF AB ==,AE BE =, ∴12AOE BOE AOB ∠=∠=∠, 又2AB CD =, ∴BF CD =,在Rt BEF ∆中,BE BF >, ∴BE CD >, ∴BOE COD ∠>∠, ∴12AOB COD ∠>∠, 即2AOB COD ∠>∠, 故答案为:>.12.小明参加了中国传统文化课程——射箭,在一次练习中,他的成绩如下表所示:那么他成绩的中位数是 环.【答案】8.【解析】总次数为23455120+++++=,所以中位数取第10与第11的平均数, 所以中位数为8882+=, 故答案为:8.13.某超市今年八月份的营业额为20万元,今年十月份的营业额为24万元,设平均每月营业额的增长率为x ,根据题意可列方程为 . 【答案】220(1)24x +=.【解析】设平均每月营业额的增长率为x , 则九月份的营业额为:20(1)x +, 十月份的营业额为:220(1)x +, 则由题意列方程为:220(1)24x +=. 故答案为:220(1)24x +=.14.如图,四边形ABCD 的各边都与O 相切,若28AB CD cm ==,则四边形ABCD 的周长为 cm .【答案】24.【解析】如图,E ,F ,G ,H 是切点四边形ABCD 各边与O 相切AH AE ∴=,DH DG =,CG CF =,BE BF =AH DH CF BF AE DG CG BE ∴+++=+++AD BC CD AB ∴+=+ 28AB CD cm ==∴四边形ABCD 的周长为(84)224cm +⨯=故答案为:24.15.如图,O 的半径为2,AB 是弦,点C 在优弧AB 上.将O 沿AB 折叠后,连接CB ,CB 交AB 于点D .若108ADB ∠=︒,则ADB 的长是 (结果保留π).【答案】85π. 【解析】补全圆,取'D 与D 关于AB 对称,连接OA ,OB ,AC ,'108AD B ADB ∴∠=∠=︒,由内接四边形定理可得180'18010872ACB AD B ∠=︒-∠=︒-︒=︒, 2144AOB ACB ∴∠=∠=︒, ∴ADB 的长144281805ππ⋅==, 故答案为:85π.16.在ABC ∆中,135A ∠=︒,3AB =,AC =,则其外接圆的半径是 .. 【解析】作CD AB ⊥, 135A ∠=︒,∴45CAD ∠=︒,在Rt ACD ∆中,AC 45CAD ∠=︒, ∴1CD AD ==, ∴134BD =+=,在Rt BCD ∆中,BC = 135A ∠=︒,∴AC 在优弧上所对的圆周角为18013545︒-︒=︒, ∴90BOC ∠=︒,在Rt BOC ∆中,BC =OB OC =,∴OB OC ==,即r =. 三、解答题.(本大题共11小题,共88分.请在答题卷指定区域内作答,解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤)17.(6分)解方程:2410x x -+=.【答案】12x =,2x . 【解析】2410x x -+=,2443x x ∴-+=,2(2)3x ∴-=,2x ∴=解得12x =,22x =. 18.(6分)解方程:3(2)2x x x -=-. 【答案】12x =,213x =. 【解析】3(2)2x x x -=-,3(2)(2)0x x x ∴---=, 则(2)(31)0x x --=, 20x ∴-=或310x -=,解得12x =,213x =. 19.(8分)已知关于x 的一元二次方程20(0,0)ax bx c a c ++=≠≠.(1)当这个方程二次项系数和常数项的符号不同时,证明:该方程一定有两个不相等的实数根; (2)若这个方程有两个不相等的实数根,那么该方程二次项系数和常数项的符号是否一定不同?若是,请证明;若不是,请举出一个反例. 【答案】(1)见解析.【解析】(1)证明:二次项系数和常数项的符号不同, ∴0ac <,∴0ac ->,20b >,∴224(4)0b ac b ac ∆=-=+->∴该方程一定有两个不相等的实数根.(2)不是,反例2304x x +-=(答案不唯一) 理由如下:方程有两个不相等的实数根 ∴240b ac ∆=->,满足24b ac >即可,反例:216b =,3ac =,即2304x x +-=,这个方程有两个不相等的实数根,该方程二次项系数和常数项的符号相同. 20.(7分)如图,在O 的内接正八边形ABCDEFGH 中,2AB =,连接DG . (1)求证DG AB ∥; (2)DG 的长为 .【答案】(1)见解析;(2)2+. 【解析】(1)证明:连接AD ,1802458BAD ︒∠=⨯=︒,1802458ADG ︒∠=⨯=︒, ∴BAD ADG ∠=∠, ∴DG AB ∥.(2)由题可得,四边形DGFE 为等腰梯形, 作EP DG ⊥,FQ DG ⊥,正八边形ABCDEFGH ,2AB =∴EF AB ∥,2GF EF AB ===,135GFE DEF ∠=∠=︒, ∴EF DG ∥,∴18013545DGF ∠=︒-︒=︒,在Rt QGF ∆中,45DGF ∠=︒,2GF =,QG QF ∴==,同理可得DP EP = 易证四边形PQFE 是矩形,2PQ EF ∴==,22DG ∴=.21.(8分)已知关于x 的方程22(21)0x m x m +-+=. (1)当该方程有实数根时,求m 的范围;(2)若该方程的两个根1x ,2x 满足1212x x x x +=⋅,求m 的值.【答案】(1)14m ≤;(2)1m =-- 【解析】(1)关于x 的方程22(21)0x m x m +-+=有实数根, ∴22(21)40m m --∆=≥,解得:14m ≤. 故m 的取值范围是14m ≤. (2)22(21)0x m x m +-+=∴12(21)x x m +=--,212x x m ⋅=,1212x x x x +=⋅, ∴2(21)m m --=,解得11m =-+21m =- 又14m ≤, ∴1m =-22.(9分)某工厂对新建的两条生产线A ,B 进行试运行,这两条生产线各生产了5个批次的产品(每个批次各100个).其中每个批次产品的合格数量如图.(1)哪条生产线的合格产品数量比较稳定,为什么?(2)经过调试,在接下来生产的5个批次中,生产线A ,B 的合格产品数量如下表:【答案】(1)B 比较稳定;(2)见解析. 【解析】(1)8291888386865A x ++++==,2162549010.85A S ++++==,8588868982865B x ++++==,214091665B S ++++==,∴A B x x =,22A B S S >, ∴B 比较稳定.(2)8586868687865A x ++++==2100010.45A S ++++==,9294949892945B x ++++==,24001644.85B S ++++==,综上,经过本次调试,A ,B 生产线的合格产品数量均变得更加稳定,B 生产线合格产品数量有提升.23.(6分)如图,已知直线l 和点A ,B .在直线l 上确定点C ,使以A ,B ,C 为顶点的三角形是直角三角形.(尺规作图,不写作法,保留作图痕迹,作出所有满足条件的点C .)【答案】见解析.【解析】即1234,,,C C C C 为所求24.(8分)某超市销售一批月饼,这批月饼每盒进价为80元,售价为120元,平均每天可售出20盒.为了增加盈利,商场采取了降价措施.假设在一定范围内,月饼的单价每降1元,商场平均每天可多售出2盒,降价后商场消售这批月饼每天盈利1200元.求降价后该月饼每盒的售价. 【答案】100元或110元.【解析】设月饼每盒降了x 元.根据题意,得(202)(12080)1200x x +--=, 解得:120x =或210x =, ∴120100x -=或110答:降价后该月饼每盒的售价为100元或110元.25.(9分)如图,在ABC ∆中,AB AC =,O 是它的外接圆,点D 在AC 上且CD CB =,连接AD ,BD ,CD ,BD 与AC 交于点E .(1)判断AED ∆的形状,并证明; (2)当AD BE =时,求BAC ∠的度数.【答案】(1)AED ∆为等腰三角形,证明见解析;(2)36︒. 【解析】(1)AED ∆为等腰三角形, 证明:设BDC α∠=,ACD β∠=, ∴AED αβ∠=+,CD CB =, ∴CD CB =,∴DBC BDC α∠=∠=,AD AD =,∴ABD ACD β∠=∠=,AB AC =,∴ACB ABC αβ∠=∠=+,AB AB =,∴ADB ACB αβ∠=∠=+, ∴ADB AED ∠=∠, ∴AD AE =,∴AED ∆为等腰三角形.(2)AD BE =,∴AE BE =,∴BAE EBA β∠=∠=,又BC BC =,∴BAE BDC ∠=∠, ∴αβ=,∴5180ABC ACB BAC α∠+∠+∠==︒,∴36α=︒, ∴36BAC ∠=︒.26.(10分)如图①,C ,D 分别是半圆O 的直径AB 上的点,点E ,F 在AB 上,且四边形CDEF是正方形.(1)若AB =CDEF 的面积为 ;(2)如图②,点G ,H ,M 分别在AB ,AB ,DE 上,连接HG ,HM ,四边形DGHM 是正方形,且其面积为16. ①求AB 的值;②如图③,点N ,P ,Q 分别在HM ,AB ,EM 上,连接PN ,PQ ,四边形MNPQ 是正方形.直接写出正方形MNPQ 与正方形DGHM 的面积比.【答案】(1)16;(2)①AB =. 【解析】(1)连接OF四边形CDEF 是正方形, 2FC CO ∴=,2222FC CO OF +== 解得:2CO =,4FC = ∴正方形的边长为4, ∴正方形CDEF 的面积为16.(2)①连接OE ,ON ,四边形DGHM 是正方形, ∴4NG DG ==,设OD x =,则2DE x =,在Rt ODE ∆中,2222(2)5OE x x x =+=,在Rt ONG ∆中,2224(4)ON x =++, ∴2224(4)5x x ++=,解得124,2x x ==-(舍)∴OE =∴AB =.②连接OP ,DH ,4MD OD ==,且90MDO ∠=︒, ∴45MOD OMD ∠=∠=︒,又45PMN ∠=︒,∴180OMD DMH PMN ∠=∠+∠=︒,∴,,O M P 共线,∴OM DH ==MP =∴22MNPQ DGHMS MP S OM ==正正. 27.(11分)我们把经过三角形的一个顶点且与该三角形的两条边所在直线相切的圆叫做这个三角形的准切圆.(1)如图,已知ABC ∆.求作:ABC ∆的一个准切圆;(尺规作图,不写作法,保留作图痕迹) (2)证明:等边三角形的准切圆与它的外接圆是等圆;(3)在Rt ABC ∆中,90C ∠=︒,3AC =,4BC =,直接写出它的准切圆的半径长.【答案】(1)见解析;(2)见解析;(3)12345654353,4,,,,3322r r r r r r ======.【解析】(1)如图所示(其中一种情况)(2)证明:如图所示:过C 且与AB ,BC 相切, 连OC ,∴90OCB ∠=︒,O 到,AB BC 的距离相等,∴O 在ABC ∠角平分线上, ∴1302OBC ABC ∠=∠=︒, ∴在Rt ABC ∆中,12OC OB =, ∴22223BC OB OC OC =-=, ∴OC =若1O 是ABC ∆外接圆, ∴2120BOC BAC ∠=∠=︒, 作1O M BC =,OB OC =,∴1O M 平分1BO C ∠, ∴111602BO M BO C ∠=∠=︒, 同理,在1Rt BO M ∆中,112BO O M =, ∴222211134BM O B O M O B =-=,∴1O B ,12BM BC =, ∴1O B =,∴1O B OC =.(3)12345654353,4,,,,3322r r r r r r ======.。
初三数学东华期中考试试卷
一、选择题(每题3分,共30分)1. 下列各数中,有理数是()A. √16B. πC. -3/4D. √-92. 已知a、b是实数,且a+b=0,那么下列结论错误的是()A. a和b互为相反数B. a和b互为倒数C. |a|=|b|D. a和b同号3. 下列函数中,是二次函数的是()A. y=x^2+3x+4B. y=2x^3-3x+5C. y=3x^2+2x-1D. y=√x+24. 在直角坐标系中,点A(2,3)关于x轴的对称点是()A.(2,-3)B.(-2,3)C.(2,-3)D.(-2,-3)5. 下列各式中,能被3整除的是()A. 456B. 789C. 1234D. 56786. 已知一元二次方程x^2-5x+6=0的解为x1、x2,那么(x1+x2)^2的值为()A. 25B. 36C. 49D. 647. 在△ABC中,∠A=45°,∠B=60°,那么∠C的度数是()A. 45°B. 60°C. 75°D. 90°8. 下列各式中,能表示圆的方程的是()A. x^2+y^2=1B. x^2+y^2=4C. x^2+y^2=9D. x^2+y^2=169. 下列函数中,是反比例函数的是()A. y=2x+1B. y=1/xC. y=3x^2D. y=√x10. 下列各式中,绝对值最大的是()A. |3|B. |-3|C. |2|D. |-2|二、填空题(每题3分,共30分)11. 若x^2-5x+6=0,则x^2+5x=________。
12. 在△ABC中,若∠A=30°,∠B=45°,则∠C=________。
13. 已知等腰三角形底边长为6,腰长为8,则该等腰三角形的周长为________。
14. 若函数y=kx+b(k≠0)的图象经过点(1,2),则k+b=________。
15. 已知数列{an}的通项公式为an=2n+1,则数列的第10项为________。
初三政治期中考试试卷
初三政治期中考试试卷一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. 社会主义核心价值观中,个人层面的价值准则包括:A. 富强、民主、文明、和谐B. 自由、平等、公正、法治C. 爱国、敬业、诚信、友善D. 以上都是2. 我国的根本政治制度是:A. 人民代表大会制度B. 中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度C. 民族区域自治制度D. 基层群众自治制度3. 我国的基本经济制度是:A. 社会主义市场经济B. 国有经济C. 集体经济D. 混合所有制经济4. 以下哪项不是我国公民的基本权利:A. 选举权和被选举权B. 受教育权C. 劳动权D. 随意迁徙权5. 我国宪法规定,国家尊重和保障人权,这体现了:A. 国家对公民权利的尊重B. 国家对公民义务的尊重C. 国家对公民的全面管理D. 国家对公民的严格监督6. 我国宪法规定,公民在行使自由和权利时,不得损害:A. 国家利益B. 社会公共利益C. 集体利益D. 他人合法权益7. 我国宪法规定,公民有维护国家统一和全国各民族团结的义务,这体现了:A. 公民的爱国义务B. 公民的道德义务C. 公民的法律责任D. 公民的社会责任8. 我国宪法规定,公民有依法纳税的义务,这体现了:A. 公民对国家的财政支持B. 公民的法律意识C. 公民的社会责任D. 公民的道德修养9. 我国宪法规定,公民有维护社会秩序的义务,这体现了:A. 公民的法律意识B. 公民的道德修养C. 公民的社会责任D. 公民的个人修养10. 我国宪法规定,公民有维护国家安全、荣誉和利益的义务,这体现了:A. 公民的爱国义务B. 公民的法律意识C. 公民的社会责任D. 公民的道德修养二、简答题(每题10分,共20分)1. 简述我国宪法对公民的基本义务有哪些规定?2. 请谈谈如何理解公民在行使权利时应遵循的原则。
三、材料分析题(每题15分,共30分)1. 阅读以下材料:- 材料一:某学生在校园内捡到钱包,主动交给老师,老师表扬了该学生的行为。
初三期中考试语文试卷及答案
一、选择题(每小题2分,共20分)1. 下列词语中,字形、字音都正确的是()A. 跌宕起伏贪生怕死破釜沉舟B. 落英缤纷情不自禁气壮山河C. 震耳欲聋精疲力尽一泻千里D. 独树一帜雕梁画栋妙笔生花2. 下列句子中,没有语病的一项是()A. 随着社会的发展,人们的物质生活和文化生活日益提高。
B. 读书能增长知识,也能丰富情感,还能陶冶情操。
C. 在这次比赛中,我国运动员表现出了顽强的拼搏精神。
D. 这本书内容丰富,语言生动,深受广大读者的喜爱。
3. 下列词语中,与“一马当先”意思相近的是()A. 一鼓作气B. 一举两得C. 一帆风顺D. 一心一意4. 下列句子中,使用了比喻修辞手法的是()A. 那个学生像一颗闪亮的明珠。
B. 那只鸟儿在天空中自由翱翔。
C. 他把爱人的照片放在床头。
D. 那个男孩长得英俊潇洒。
5. 下列词语中,属于成语的是()A. 青出于蓝B. 大公无私C. 井底之蛙D. 良辰美景6. 下列句子中,使用了排比修辞手法的是()A. 我喜欢春天,喜欢那五彩斑斓的鲜花。
B. 他工作认真,学习努力,生活节俭。
C. 小明学习成绩优秀,体育特长突出。
D. 这本书内容丰富,语言生动,深受广大读者的喜爱。
7. 下列词语中,属于名词的是()A. 春天B. 喜欢C. 学习D. 快乐8. 下列句子中,使用了拟人修辞手法的是()A. 那只小鸟在枝头欢快地唱歌。
B. 太阳像一个火球,烤得大地滚烫。
C. 那朵白云像一只展翅的雄鹰。
D. 这座山巍峨壮丽,气势磅礴。
9. 下列词语中,属于形容词的是()A. 学习B. 喜欢C. 快乐D. 悲伤10. 下列句子中,使用了夸张修辞手法的是()A. 那个学生像一颗闪亮的明珠。
B. 那只鸟儿在天空中自由翱翔。
C. 他把爱人的照片放在床头。
D. 那个男孩长得英俊潇洒。
二、填空题(每空2分,共20分)1. 《岳阳楼记》的作者是______,文中描绘了洞庭湖的______景象。
2. 《庐山谣》的作者是______,诗中描绘了庐山的______景象。
2023-2024学年九年级上学期期中考试语文试题
班级姓名学号成绩金秋十月,北师大实验中学开展了“探寻中国大学足迹”的综合实践活动。
同学们从“走进清华园”“走近北大红楼”“线上参观西南联大博物馆”三个方面进行资料搜集和考察。
下面几段文字是他们撰写的探究报告,请你阅读并完成下列任务。
1. 请用正楷字书写“探寻中国大学足迹”八个字作为手册的标题。
(1 分)下面是同学们找的一则介绍清华园的材料,请阅读文字,完成第2-4 题。
人们经常把清华校园称为“清华园”,其实严格来说,“清华园”是专指以工字厅为主体的一组清代园林①这组园林始建于十八世纪初的清代康熙年间,建成于乾隆年间,可谓历史悠久。
清华园曾经是康熙时期皇族的京郊别墅——熙春园的一部分。
道光年间,熙春园分为东、西两园——东部的熙春园及西部的近春园。
近春园四面荷塘围绕,后因朱自清先生的一篇《荷塘月色》,招(zhì) 莘莘学子的青睐②东部的熙春园,即今之【举世瞩目】的清华园的前身。
据考证,康熙时期编辑的大型类书《古今图书集成》就是在东部的熙春园编辑、印刷的。
咸丰即位后,又将东园更名为“清华园”并亲题匾额。
现在我们所说的清华园,是指清华大学所在的本部校园,包括了最早的熙春园的全部,常被用来代指清华大学。
2023-2024 学年第一学期期中考试初三语文第1 页(共 12 页)清华园的秋景,千般旖旎,万种风情,令人【趋之若鹜】。
一位诗人曾有 过这样的描述:“清华园的秋,炽.烈又缠绵……秋风所至,翻覆纤手,摇落满树金辉。
”名园美景如斯,但更令人【拍手称快】的是其蕴含的“ 自强不息、 厚德载物 ”的清华精神。
这种精神传承百年,在清华结出了累累..硕果,培养了 一批又一批在国人眼中【炙手可热】的学术大师、经世之才。
这种精神还将(rú) 养一代又一代人,为中华民族的复兴贡献更大的智慧与力量。
2.文段中加点字的读音和根据拼音所写的汉字,判断有误..的一项是(2 分)A.“招 zhì ”此处的意思是“指招来;引起 ”,应写成“招致 ”。
广东省韶关市初三语文上册期中质量考试试卷及答案
广东省韶关市初三语文上册期中质量考试试卷班级:________________ 学号:________________ 姓名:______________一、单选题(每题3分)1.下列加点字的注音完全正确的一项是()A. 踌躇(chú)怂恿(sǒng)锲而不舍(qì)B. 缄默(jiān)亘古(gèn)迥乎不同(jǒng)C. 蓦然(mù)诘难(jié)气冲斗牛(dǒu)D. 谀词(yú)憎恶(zèng)颠沛流离(pèi)答案:B2.下列词语书写全部正确的一项是()A. 蓬篙殒落淅淅沥沥B. 推崇斑斓锋芒必露C. 彷徨缥缈锲而不舍D. 矜持闲瑕妇人之仁答案:C3.下列句子中加点成语使用有误的一项是()A. 敌人虽然被我们打得落花流水,但是还在绝望地挣扎。
B. 同学们在操场上踢着足球,一个个生龙活虎,充满活力。
C. 他为了寻找失散的亲人,走遍了千山万水,历尽千辛万苦。
D. 这道题很难,在老师的反复讲解下,我终于恍然大悟,原来这么简单。
答案:A(注:成语“落花流水”原形容暮春景色衰败,后多比喻被打得大败,也形容残乱而零落的样子。
在此句中使用有误,因为敌人并未被“打得大败”,只是“被我们打”的状态。
)4.下列句子中没有语病的一项是()A. 通过这次语文综合性学习活动,使我们开拓了视野,增强了能力。
B. 能否正确运用和理解词语,是表达思想的关键。
C. 在学习中,我们应该注意培养自己观察问题、分析问题和解决问题的能力。
D. 我们要认真克服并随时发现自己的缺点。
答案:C5.下列关于文学常识的表述,不正确的一项是()A. 《背影》是现代作家朱自清创作的一篇散文,文中记叙了作者与父亲在车站离别的情景。
B. 《藤野先生》选自鲁迅的散文集《朝花夕拾》,文章记述了作者在日本留学期间的学习生活,表达了对藤野先生的感激和怀念之情。
C. 《孟子》是儒家经典著作之一,记录了战国时期思想家、政治家、教育家孟轲及其弟子的政治、教育、哲学、伦理等思想观点和政治活动。
山东省泰安市东平县实验中学达标名校2024-2025学年第二学期初三期中考试英语试题试卷含答案含答案
山东省泰安市东平县实验中学达标名校2024-2025学年第二学期初三期中考试英语试题试卷含答案注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。
回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
Ⅰ. 单项选择1、I drank a large cup of coffee yesterday evening, and it kept me ______ all night.A.intelligent B.patient C.absent D.awake2、---Where is your son Jimmy living now?---He _____ the city of Yangzhou, China for two years.A.has left for B.has been to C.has gone to D.has been in3、Stephanie wears__________ coat ________ white buttons every Friday in winter.A.an ugly loose cotton; with B.a loose ugly cotton; hasC.a loose ugly cotton; with D.an ugly cotton loose; has4、--- The film The Martian(火星救援)is of great value.--- Exactly. ______ can be enjoyed from it unless you have a deep understanding of it, _______.A.Nothing; however B.Few; insteadC.Something; anyway D.Little; still5、We will go to Tian’anmen Square to watch the raising of national flag if it _________ tomorrow.A.will rain B.rainsC.doesn’t rain D.won’t rain6、—Surfing first started on the island of Hawaii, didn't it?—Yes, but now it ______ by people all over the world.A.is enjoyed B.is enjoyingC.has enjoyed D.will enjoy7、—What do you think of the documentary Amazing China?—It is ________! I would like to watch it again.A.terrible B.excited C.boring D.fantastic8、I believe every student in our school anticipates entering his or her dream high school.A.looks forward B.expects C.looks forward to D.hopes9、I really like the ________ of this chocolate. It is a star.A.smell B.taste C.color D.shape—How come? Are you sure you put it in __________?A.carefully B.peacefully C.wisely D.properlyⅡ. 完形填空11、完形填空Yesterday my son and I went to the supermarket. A little girl with her mother was in line in front of 1 . The little girl was asking her mother for a box of Smarties. The polite way she was asking 2 broke the mother’s heart. “Sorry,honey. But we haven’t enough money to get it.”My son heard that dialogue. By the way,he had made some money to 3 himself a bike by cleaning our garden once a week. As he watched the mother and daughter leave the 4 ,he rushed to the candy counter(柜台)and bought a box of Smarties with his money. Then he ran quickly and caught up with the little girl and her mother,and sent them the 5 . He came back and told me 6 he told them,“Every kid should have a pack of Smarties because they ca n 7 you smart.”I was so 8 that I bought a pack of Smarties for my son. I told him that I was proud of him because of his good action just now. He replied,“9 we do nice things for others,we shouldn’t wish to be returned.” I explained,“When you do something nice for someone,you shouldn’t expect to get anything,but when you get something from others,you should be very 10 . ”1.(小题1)A.her B.him C.us D.me2.(小题2)A.almost B.hardly C.sometimes D.never3.(小题3)A.pay B.spend C.take D.buy4.(小题4)A.supermarket B.house C.square D.centre5.(小题5)A.money B.box C.garden D.bike6.(小题6)A.how much B.which C.whether D.what7.(小题7)A.set B.make C.build D.move8.(小题8)A.careful B.excellent C.happy D.interesting9.(小题9)A.When B.Before C.As soon as D.Unless10.(小题10)A.bright B.different C.thankful D.usefulⅢ. 语法填空12、Mr. Jenkins has several big shops in the city. He’s very rich but he does his best 1.(pay) the persons who work in his shops less. And they all hate him.Several months ago a young woman borrowed thirty thousand dollars from him. But she couldn’t return the money to him in time. He went to her and made her 2.(give) her ring to him which cost more than fifty thousand dollars. He put it into his wallet and went home happily. But when he got to the bus stop, the bus 3.(leave). He hurried to get on and left his wallet5.(give) half the money to him."An old woman who 6.(wait) for another bus that day found the wallet. She sent it back to Mr Jenkins. But he changed his mind."There are two rings in my wallet,"said Mr. Jenkins, I won’t give hal f of the money in my wallet to you until you return the other ring to me.""I 7.(see) only a ring in the wallet,"the old woman said and took the man to a judge and told him what 8.(happen) to them. The judge said to Mr. Jenkins, "I’m sure you have lost a wallet in which there are two rings and some money. But there is only one ring in this wallet. I 9.(not think) it’s yours. Wait for some days. Perhaps someone will be able to return your wallet to you."Then the judge turned to the old woman and said, "Tak e the wallet home. If the loser doesn’t go to get it back in three days, it 10.(belong) to you."Ⅳ. 阅读理解A13、Monty Robert’s father was a horse trainer. As a child, Monty often went from one farm to another with his father. Sometimes they didn’t have money to pay for food, but Monty still kept hoping to own a horse farm.When he was in school, his teacher asked him to write a paper about his dream. He wrote a seven-page(页)paper. He wanted to have a horse farm one day. He even drew a picture of a horse farm in the paper.The next day he handed it in to his teacher. Two days later, he got his paper back. On the front page was a large red “F” wit h the words “See me after class”. So the boy did and asked his teacher, “Why did I get an F?” The teacher said, “This dream will not come true for a young boy like you. You need a lot of money to own a horse farm. You have to buy the land. You have to pay for a lot of things. There is no way you could ever do it.” Then the teacher added, “If you write this paper again wi th a simpler dream, I will give you a good grade.”After school he thought hard about it. At last, he decided to hand in the same paper, making no changes at all. He said to the teacher, “You can keep the F and I’ll keep my dream.”Many years later, Monty had his own large horse farm. His dream came true.So don’t let anyone take away your dreams. Follow your dreams, no matter what they are.1.From Paragraph 1, we learn that _________.A.Monty’s family was poorB.Monty’s father didn’t support himC.Monty hoped to be a horse trainerD.Monty changed his mind all the timeA.Careless. B.Serious. C.Joking. D.Funny. 3.Monty’s teacher gave him a red “F” because he thought _________. A.Monty’s handwriting was too badB.Monty copied from another studentC.Monty’s dream was too hard for him to achieveD.Monty was not working hard to realize his dream4.What does the story want to tell us?A.Don’t take away others’ dreams.B.Follow a realistic dream.C.Never give up your dream.D.Anyone with a dream will succeed.B 14、(A)Ma YunBorn in 1964,Hangzhou Zhejiang The Chairman of Alibaba Group Tu Youyou85 years old , ChinaThe 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine1.Who is the Chairman of Alibaba Group?A.Lang Lang. B.Li Yundi. C.Ma Yun.2.What kind of the Nobel Prize did Tu Youyou receive?A.Physiology or Medicine B.Literature C.Physics3.Where is Tu Youyou from?A.America. B.Japan C.ChinaC15、On the first day of school, Jack found a little old l ady with a warm smile.“Hi, handsome. My name is Rose. I’m 87 years old.”she said.“Why are you in university at such a YOUNG age?” Jack asked.“I’m here to meet a rich husband, get married, have a couple of kids, and then retired and travel.” she answered.Jack knew she’s joking but he was surprised what encouraged her to be here at her age.“I always dreamed of having a university education and now I’m getting one!” she told me. We became friends. Every day they would talk after class. Jack always enjoyed listening to this “time machine” as she shared her wisdom(智慧) and experience with him. And Rose easily made friends wherever she went.At the end of the term, Rose was invited to make a little speech. She said, “We don’t stop playing because we’re old. We grow old because we stop playing. Being happy and achieving success may keep you staying young. If you have a dream, hold on. When you lose your dreams, you die.”“Anybody can grow older.____doesn’t take any talent(天才) or ability. The idea is to grow up by always finding the chance in change...”1.Rose, an 87-year-old lady, was Jack’s ________.A.granny B.classmate C.teacher D.friend2.Rose went to the university in order to ________.A.meet a rich husbandB.make new friendsC.get a better jobD.get a university education3.Why did Jack considered Rose as a “time machine”? Because ________.A.she always got to class on timeB.she made friends easilyC.she had wisdom and experienceD.she made a little speech4.What does the word that in Para.7 refers to(指)?A.Growing older. B.Growing upC.Staying young D.Being happy5.From this passage we know Rose believed________.A.Easier said than doneB.Well begun is half doneC.It is never too late to learnD.Reading makes a full man16、You can't always predict(预测)a heavy rain or remember your umbrella. But designer Belyaev doesn't think that forgetting to check the weatherforecastbefore going out should cause you to get wet. That's why he created Lampbrella, a lamp post(柱)with its own rain-sensing(感应)umbrella.The designer says he came up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia. “Once, I was driving on a cent ral Saint Petersburg street and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain. I thought it would be fit to have a canopy(伞篷) built into a street lamp,” he said.The Lampbrella is a post-looking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy. It has a built-in electric machine which can open or close the umbrella. Sensors(传感器) then make sure that the umbrella offers walkers shelter(遮蔽)whenever it starts raining.Besides the rain sensor, there's also a 360° moving sensor on the street lamp which finds whether anyone is using the Lampbrella. After three minutes of not being used the canopy is closed.According to the designer, the Lampbrella would move at a rather low speed, in order not to hurt the walkers. Besides, it would be fixed on the ground to protect from possible lightning strike. Each Lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people. Being fixed at 2 meters off the ground, it would only be a danger for the tallest of walkers.While there are no plans to take the Lampbrella into production, Belyaev says he recently introduced his creation to one Moscow Department, and believes that his creation could be fixed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.1.. What does the underlined word “forecast” mean in Chinese?A.预报B.情况C.查询2.. For what purpose did Belyaev create the Lampbrella?A.To remind people to take an umbrella.B.To check the weather forecast.C.To protect people from the rain.3.Which of the following shows how the Lampbrella works?machine sensorsA.B.C.4.. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A.His creation was inspired by an experience from Belyaev's words in Paragraph 2.B.Paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the Lampbrella’s safety.C.The Lampbrella will be put into immediate production.5.The best title for this passage should be _____.A.THE USE OF THE LAMPBRELLAB.HOW TO PREVENT RAINC.THE NEW INVENTION-LAMPBRELLAE17、In the past, going to a piano teacher was the only way to learn how to play the piano. You could have one lesson a week. If you didn’t have private(个人的) lessons, you could still learn piano, but you would have to learn it by yourself. This was easy for some, but very difficult for most. However, with technology as it is today, there is at last another way that you can take piano lessons. You can take an online course.An online course can save you lots of money. If a private lesson costs 30 or 40 dollars per week, just think about how quickly that adds up. You can take a complete online course in piano by spending a small part of the money that you would pay for taking weeks of private lessons. Also, private lessons are only usually one hour per week. If you have questions during the rest of the week, or if you forget something that your teacher said, you will have to wait for your next lesson to continue your learning. However, online piano courses are quite different.With an online piano course, you can work at your own pace(进度). You can also take as many lessons per week as you’d want, or go back and listen to your last lesson if you have forgotten anything. Most adults who want to learn how to play the piano enjoy being able to go back and listen to lessons they watched before. It can give you a good idea of what you were doing right, what you were doing wrong, and what you should be doing before the next lesson.Of course, if you need someone to sit beside you and give you instant feedback(及时反馈) while you are playing, you are not suggested to choose an online course. But most adult learners think they can get their own type of feedback by watching the course again and again.1.is not mentioned in the passage to learn to play the piano.A.Going to a piano teacher B.Asking experts for information C.Teaching oneself2.Going to a piano teacher is much more than having an online piano course.A.expensive B.convenient C.interesting3.If you choose an online piano course, you can .A.ask questions whenever you wantB.watch the lessons whenever you’d likeC.get some advice while you are playing the piano.4.Most adults like to go back and listen to the lessons again because .A.they needn’t spend any extra moneyB.they can ask some questionsC.they can know what they were doing right, what they were doing wrong5.How many advantages of an online piano course have been introduced in the passage?A.2 B.3 C.4F18、Captain(船长) Nemo invited me and my friends to go hunting with him in the forests of Crespo Island. I asked him why he was so interested in Crespo Island, “I thought you preferred the sea to being on land.”“I do,” replied the captain. “But these forests are under the sea.”After going through a door, we were about ten metres under the water. The light from the sun reached us. Everything looked very colourful. We were going deeper and deeper. At 100 metres deep, we could see quite well, and Captain Nemo stopped and pointed to some dark shapes. This was the forest. The “trees” in the forest were giant seaweed(海草), and all their “branches” were vertical(垂直的).We could not stop looking at them. Fish swam around the branches like birds in a forest.Suddenly, I saw a large sea spider about a metre tall. It was going to attack me. Captain Nemo's man killed it with his gun, but it reminded me that the sea could be as dangerous as it was beautiful. When we reached 150 metres, it was dark. The sun's light could not reach this depth(深度). We turned on our lights. We could see about 20 metres around us. Finally, we found Crespo Island—where a steep rock wall rose in front of us.We could go no further, so we walked back towards the Nautilus. Suddenly, Captain Nemo stopped and shot an animal with his gun, it was a beautiful and rare sea otter(水獭). At last, we could see the Nautilus. Several large sharks swam over us. Luckily they didn't see us. We re-entered the Nautilus safely. I was tired but amazed by what I had seen.1.What do “dark shapes” in Paragraph 3 refer to(指的是)?A.Trees. B.Seaweed. C.Rocks. D.Fish.2.According to the passage, which is the correct order?①Captain Nemo's man killed a sea spider.②The men returned to the Nautilus.③The men went to the forest.④Captain Nemo invited us to go hunting.⑤Captain Nemo shot an otter.A.④①③⑤③B.③④②⑤①C.④③①⑤②D.③④①⑤②3.What is the best title of the story?A.A Visit to a Sea Forest B.Death Under the SeaC.Captain Nemo and the Nautilus D.Attacked by Giant SpideⅤ.书面表达19、在日常生活中,我们经常看到许多文明的行为,让人发自内心地为之点赞,但有时也会看到一些不文明的行为和一些不良现象。
2023—2024学年第一学期期中考试九年级英语含答案
2023-2024学年度第一学期期中质量监测九年级英语试题本试卷共120分,考试时间90分钟。
I.单项选择(共20小题,每小题1分,满分20分)()1.I feel well.A.don'tB.cantC.wontD.neednt()2.We must the fire quickly.A.focus onB.fall behindC.put outD.go on()3.Yuan Longping passed away on May22,2021.A.went abroadB.diedC.leftD.went down()4.Ann the film twice because it is so interesting.A.seesB.sawC.is seeingD.has seen()5.Nothing can the same.Everything is changing.A.connectB.decideC.explainD.remain()6.Fruits and vegetables are rich vitamins.minerals and fibre.A.inB.forC.fromD.of()7.Talking aloud in the classroom.Please close your mouth.A.is allowedB.allowsC.isn't allowedD.is allowing()8.I eating so many donuts.My stomach hurts much.A.regretB.likeC.enjoyD.keep()9.Th e boys and dared not come back.A.ran awayB.stayed calmC.pulled overD.kept an eye out()10.She is one of the best students I've ever taught.A.whereB.thatC.whoD.whom()11.He is and we enjoy his funny stories.A.seriousB.paleC.uglyD.humorous()12.Be careful with knives,or you cut your fingers.A.mustB.canC.mayD.have to()13.The children are too here.Let's go somewhere quiet.A.slowrgeC.noisyD.quick()14.They all came to school on time it rained heavily.A.unlessB.becauseC.soD.although()15.Their English teacher often encourages them clearly.A.to refuseB.to produceC.to burnD.to speak()16.There are so many on the wall in the Art Museum.A.paintingsB.neighboursC.pioneersD.scissors()17.poems,stories usually have longer passages.pared withB.Now thatC,Millions of D.In the field of()18.Stay away something bad,protect yourself,please.A.fromB.forC.withD.on()19.I felt so terrible that I again.y downB.passed byC.set upD.knocked down()20.—Thanks for your help!—A.My pleasure.B.Just so soC.You can say that again.D.Sounds great.Ⅱ.完形填空(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)Safety is very important for21.students.Accidents often happen around us.22.we must pay much attention to safety.At hom e,we should be23.with fire and electricity.Remember to turn offthe power supply and gas holders before leaving home.It will be very 24.if you leave the gas on!On the road,we should always o-bey the traffic25..We mustn't listen to music but pay full atte ntion to the condition of roads.Besides,we'd26.not ride side by side.At school,we shouldn't push others27.the stairs when going up and down.If,28,,there is an accident,call120as soo n as possible.Is is29.for us to du some basic medical30.for unexpected needs.In short,safety must come first!If we can do all these well,we'll enjoy our life better.() B.our C.you D.your()22.A.When B.So C.Because D.As()23.A.careful B.careless C.harmful D.harmless()24.A.dangerous B.safe C.fat D.awake()25.A.accidents B.rules C.lines D.posters()26.A.better B.like C.help D.make()27.A.in B.on C.at D.with()28.A.lucky B.unlucky C.fortunately D.unfortunately()29.A.necessary B.wicked C.frightened D.successful()30.A.training B.trainer C.produce D.writerⅢ.阅读理解(共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分)ADeng Jiaxian was born in Huaining,Anhui Province,on June25,1924.He entered the Physics Department of the Southwest Associated University in 1941.After graduation in1945,he taught in middle schools and later in the Physics Department of Peking University.In1948,he was admitted to the Graduate School of Purdue University in the United States and received a PhD in physics two years later.Nine days after he got his doctoral degree.he stepped onto the ship back to China and started his creative nuclear theoretical research.Deng Jiaxian set up classes,giving lessons himself and organizing people to translate and study relevant foreign language materials.At the same time,he never gave up on his ideas re-guiding the main direction of atomic bomb development.Following the successful test of the atomic bomb,Deng and his team joined the research group led by Yu Min in1965and immediately started designing the hydrogen bomb.Within no more than one year,the Deng-Yu Project was submitted,which greatly accelerated China's hydrogen bomb development and realization.In the nuclear experiments,Deng always stood in the front line and never made his col-leagues do the dangerous work for him.Unfortunately,he got radiation sickness in the early1980s.However,he continued to work in spite of his illness until1985when he was unable to avoid being hospitalized.Deng Jiaxian passed away on July19,1989.He is regarded as the“Founding Father of China’s A-Bomb and H-Bomb.”()31.Who is the passage about?A.Deng Jiaxian.B.Yu Min.C.Deng-Yu.D.Someone.()32.After he got his doctoral degree,Deng JiaxianA.came back to ChinaB.went to AmericaC.taught in middle schoolsD.taught in Peking University()33.Deng Jiaxian did all the following exceptA.setting up classesB.giving lessons himselfC.joining Yu Min's research groupD.traveling abroad()34.How long did he continue to work after he got radiation sickness?A.Nine days.B.Three years.C.Four years.D.Five years()35.What do you think of Deng Jiaxian?A.Hard-working.B.Patrotic(爱国的).C.Selfless(无私的).D.A、B and C.BReturn the Complete Jade to ZhaoDuring the Warring States Period,the King of Zhao got the invaluable jade of Bian He.When the King of Qin leaned about it,he offered Zhao fifteen cities for the jade.The King of Zhao feared that they might get nothing in return,yet if he refused,that Qin might attack Zhao.Lin Xiangru,who was frank,brave,and intelligent,was sent to Qin with the jade.The King of Qin was pleased when he saw the jade but he did not mention the cities.Lin said,“Your Majesty,there is a tiny flaw on the jade.Could I show it to you?”After he was handed the jade,Lin stepped backward.With his back to a pillar,he said,You have no in-intention of giving us those cities,so I've taken back the jade.If you use force against me,I'll smash my head and the jade against this pillar.To save the jade,the King of Qin apologized,and then showed Lin the cities on the map.But Lin would not believe him anymore.He ordered his man to secretly take the jade back to Zhao.He himself would stay there and face the King of Qin.Although the King of Qin was furious,he had no better choice but to set Lin free.Lin Xiangru returned to Zhao safely.()36.What is the story in Chinese?A.完璧归赵B.买椟还珠C.郑人买履D.守株待兔()37.How many cities did the King of Qin offer?A.14.B.15.C.16.D.17.()38.Did Lin Xiangru take back the jade to Zhao at last?A.Yes,he did.B.No,he didn'tC.Yes,he had.D.No,he hadnt.()39.Where did the king of Qin show the cities to Lin?A.On the map.B.On the wall.C.Under the pillar.D.Around the pillar.()40.What kind of person is Lin Xiangru?A.Frank.B.BraveC.Intelligent.D.A、B and C.CBeing trapped(受困的)in an elevator(电梯)can be one of the worst experiences of one's life.Some people who have such experiences may be afraid to use an elevator again.Infact,there are some useful tips to follow when people are in trouble with the elevatorFirstly,take deep breaths and keep calm.Too much fear will add your panic(恐慌)and make you too nervous to think clearly.Tell yourself to be patient and believe that nothing is impossibleSecondly,use the emergency(急救)call inside the elevator or your mobile phone to let people outside know you are stuck in the elevator.There is an emergency call on the wall of each elevator.You may use your mobile phone to give light and find it.The phone number can be found around it.Thirdly,putting up messages on We Chat is also a good idea to allow more people to find you are in need of help.If help hasn't come,knock at the door to get attention from other people in the buildingFourthly,move less and try to relax.Even if the workers have known your situation,it may take them a long time to repair the elevator and bring you back to safety.Instead of keeping moving all the time,you are advised to keep still and relax yourself as much as possible,or you will make yourself tired out.Make sure that you are fine when the door is open.()41.According to the passage,when in trouble with an elevator,what should you do first?A.Shout out for help.B.Do nothing but wait.C.Keep calm and think clearlyD.Try to break the door down.()42.What does the underlined word“stuck”in the passage mean?A.Tired.B.Made.C.Trapped.D.Troubled.()43.Why are people advised to send messages on WeChat when trapped in an elevator?A.To make their situations be known by more people.B.To spend their time easilyC.To become less nervous.D.To make more friends.()44.What may happen if you move a lot when trapped in an elevator?A.We may fall asleep.B.We may feel very tired.C.We may feel bored.D.We may feel lonely.()45.What's the purpose of the article?A.To introduce how to use an elevator.B.To tell us an elevator often goes wrong.C.To warn us not to take an elevator.D.To teach us how to save ourselves when we are trapped in an elevator.IV.从方框内选出适当的选项补全对话(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)A:Hello,Tom!B:Hi,Lucy!46.A:Sure.B:This week we learned to write poems.I know you also like poems.47.A:I like poems about nature.48.B:I like poems about st night I wrote one.Did you write poems last night?A:No,I didntB:49.A:I watched a football match.Could you show me your poem?B:OK.I'll bring it to you tomorrow.See you tomorrow.A:50.A.See you!B.May I ask you a question?C.What about you?D.What kind of poems do you like?E.What did you do then?V.完成句子,每空一词。
2024年人教版初三数学下册期中考试卷(附答案)
2024年人教版初三数学下册期中考试卷(附答案)一、选择题:5道(每题1分,共5分)1. 下列哪个选项是勾股定理的正确表达?A. a^2 + b^2 = c^2B. a^2 b^2 = c^2C. a^2 + c^2 = b^2D. a^2 c^2 = b^22. 在平面直角坐标系中,点P(2,3)关于x轴的对称点是?A. P'(2,3)B. P'(2,3)C. P'(2,3)D. P'(2,3)3. 下列哪个选项是平行四边形的性质?A. 对角线相等B. 对角线互相垂直C. 对角线互相平分D. 对角线互相平行4. 下列哪个选项是二次函数的一般形式?A. y = ax^2 + bx + cB. y = ax^3 + bx^2 + cC. y = ax^2 + bx + dD. y = ax^3 + bx + d5. 下列哪个选项是圆的面积公式?A. A = πr^2B. A = 2πrC. A = πrD. A = 2πr^2二、判断题5道(每题1分,共5分)1. 一个等腰三角形的底角是60度,则顶角也是60度。
()2. 一个数的平方根只有一个。
()3. 任何两个圆都是相似的。
()4. 两个相似的三角形,它们的对应边长之比相等。
()5. 一个二次函数的图像是一个抛物线。
()三、填空题5道(每题1分,共5分)1. 勾股定理中,斜边的长度是直角边的长度的平方和的平方根。
2. 在平面直角坐标系中,点P(x,y)关于y轴的对称点是P'( , )。
3. 平行四边形的对角线互相_________。
4. 二次函数的一般形式是y = ________。
5. 圆的面积公式是A = ________。
四、简答题5道(每题2分,共10分)1. 简述勾股定理的内容。
2. 简述平行四边形的性质。
3. 简述二次函数的一般形式。
4. 简述圆的面积公式。
5. 简述两个相似的三角形的性质。
五、应用题:5道(每题2分,共10分)1. 一个直角三角形的两条直角边分别是3cm和4cm,求斜边的长度。
2022-2023学年北京市第十二中学九年级上学期期中考试数学试卷含详解
北京十二中2022-2023学年第一学期期中考试试卷初三数学一、选择题(共16分,每题2分)1.下列图形中,既是中心对称图形又是轴对称图形的是()A.直角三角形B.圆C.等边三角形D.四边形2.小明将图案绕某点连续旋转若干次,每次旋转相同角度α,设计出一个外轮廓为正六边形的图案(如图),则α可以为()A.30°B.60°C.90°D.120°3.抛物线2241y x x =-+的对称轴是直线()A.3x =- B.1x = C.32x =-D.=1x -4.二次函数y =3(x –2)2–5与y 轴交点坐标为()A.(0,2)B.(0,–5)C.(0,7)D.(0,3)5.一元二次方程22310x x -+=的根的情况是()A.有两个不相等的实数根B.没有实数根C.有两个相等的实数根D.无法确定6.把二次函数2y x =-的图像向左平移1个单位,然后向上平移3个单位,则平移后的图像对应的二次函数的关系式为()A.2(1)3y x =-++B.2(1)3y x =-+-C.2(1)3y x =--- D.2(1)+3y x =--7.抛物线上y =(m -4)x 2有两点A (-3,y 1)、B (2,y 2),且y 1>y 2,则m 的取值范围是()A.m >4B.m <4C.m ≥4D.m ≠48.使用家用燃气灶烧开同一壶水所需的燃气量y (单位:m 3)与旋钮的旋转角度x (单位:度)(0°<x ≤90°)近似满足函数关系y =ax 2+bx +c (a ≠0).如图记录了某种家用节能燃气灶烧开同一壶水的旋钮的旋转角度x 与燃气量y的三组数据,根据上述函数模型和数据,可推断出此燃气灶烧开一壶水最节省燃气的旋钮的旋转角度约为()A.33°B.36°C.42°D.49°二、填空题(共16分,每题2分)9.若点P (2,3)与点Q 关于原点对称,则点Q 的坐标是__________.10.若一个反比例函数图象的每一支上,y 随x 的增大而减小,则此反比例函数表达式可以是__________.(写出一个即可)11.写出一个二次函数,使其满足:①图象开口向下;②当0x >时,y 随着x 的增大而减小.这个二次函数的解析式可以是______.12.如图,矩形ABCD 中,3AB =,4BC =.以点A 为中心,将矩形ABCD 旋转得到矩形AB 'CD ',使得点B '落在边AD 上,此时DB '的长为______.13.若关于x 的方程2240x kx k ++-=的一个根是1,则k 的值为___________.14.如图,A ,B 两点在函数2y x=-(0x <)图象上,AC 垂直y 轴于点C ,BD 垂直x 轴于点D ,AOC ,BOD 面积分别记为1S ,2S ,则1S ___2S .(填“<”,“=”,或“>”).15.抛物线2y ax bx c =++的顶点为()2A m ,,且经过点()50B ,,其部分图象如图所示.对于此抛物线有如下四个结论:①0ac <;②0a b c -+>;③90m a +=;④若此抛物线经过点()C t n ,,则4t +一定是方程2ax bx c n ++=的一个根.其中所有正确结论的序号是____________16.已知双曲线3y x=-与直线y kx b =+交于点()11,A x y ,()22,B x y .(1)若120x x +=,则12y y +=__________;(2)若120x x +>时,120y y +>,则k __________0,b __________0.(填“>”,“=”或“<”)三、解答题(共68分,第17题8分,第18-19题每题5分,第20题4分,第21-24题每题5分,第25-26题每题6分,第27-28题每题7分)17.用适当的方法解方程(1)4(x-1)2=9(2)2640x x --=18.如图,点D 是等边三角形ABC 的边BC 上一点,以AD 为边作等边△ADE ,连接CE .(1)求证:ABD ACE ≌△△;(2)若∠BAD =20°,求∠AEC 的度数.19.已知关于x 的一元二次方程2(1)(4)30m x m x -+--=(m 为实数且1m ≠).(1)求证:此方程总有两个实数根;(2)如果此方程的两个实数根都是整数,求正整数...m 的值.20.如图,在正方形网格中,将格点△ABC 绕某点顺时针旋转角α(0<α<180°)得到格点△A 1B 1C 1,点A 与点A 1,点B 与点B 1,点C 与点C 1是对应点.(1)请通过画图找到旋转中心,将其标记为点O ;(2)直接写出旋转角α的度数.21.已知二次函数223y x x =--+.(1)将二次函数化成2()y a x h k =-+的形式;(2)在平面直角坐标系中画出223y x x =--+的图象;(3)结合函数图象,直接写出0y >时x 的取值范围.22.刘师傅开了一家商店,今年2月份盈利2500元,4月份的盈利达到3600元,且从2月到4月,每个月盈利的增长率相同.(1)求每个月盈利的增长率;(2)按照这个增长率,请你估计这家商店5月份的盈利将达到多少元?23.如图,排球运动场的场地长18m ,球网高度2.24m ,球网在场地中央,距离球场左、右边界均为9m .一名球员在场地左侧边界练习发球,排球的飞行路线可以看作是对称轴垂直于水平面的抛物线的一部分.某次发球,排球从左边界的正上方发出,击球点的高度为2m ,当排球飞行到距离球网3m 时达到最大高度2.5m .小石建立了平面直角坐标系xOy (1个单位长度表示1m ),求得该抛物线的表达式为215722y x =-+.根据以上信息,回答下列问题:(1)画出小石建立的平面直角坐标系;(2)判断排球能否过球网,并说明理由.24.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,直线:l 3y x =-与函数(0ky k x=≠,0)x >的图象交于点(4,)A t .(1)求t ,k 的值;(2)点B 是函数(0ky k x=≠,0)x >的图象上任意一点(不与点A 重合),点P ,Q 在直线l 上,点P 横坐标为2.若1S S 2ABQ ABP △△≥,求点Q 横坐标的取值范围.25.数学学习小组的同学共同探究体积为330mL 圆柱形有盖容器(如图所示)的设计方案.,他们想探究容器表面积与底面半径的关系.具体研究过程如下,请补充完整:(1)建立模型:设该容器的表面积为S 2cm ,底面半径为x cm ,高为y cm ,则2330x y π=,①222S x xy ππ=+,②由①式得2330y x π=,代入②式得26602S x xπ=+.③可知,S 是x 的函数,自变量x 的取值范围是0x >.(2)探究函数:根据函数解析式③,按照下表中自变量x 的值计算(精确到个位),得到了S 与x 的几组对应值:/cmx …1 1.52 2.53 3.54 4.55 5.56…2/cm S …666454355303277266266274289310336…在下面平面直角坐标系中,描出了以上表中各对对应值为坐标的点.根据描出的点,画出该函数的图象;(3)解决问题:根据图表回答,①半径为2.4cm 的圆柱形容器比半径为4.4cm 的圆柱形容器表面积______.(填“大”或“小”);②若容器的表面积为3002cm ,容器底面半径约为______cm (精确到0.1).26.已知抛物线242(0)y ax ax a =-+≠过(1,)A m -,(2,)B n ,(3,)C p 三点.(1)求n 的值(用含有a 的代数式表示);(2)若0mnp <,求a 的取值范围.27.在ABC 中,90,ACB AC CB ∠== ,将线段CA 绕点C 顺时针旋转到如图所示的位置,得到线段CD ,连接,,AD BD CF 平分BCD ∠交BD 于点G ,交AD 的延长线于点F ,连接BF .(1)依题意补全图形;(2)①求DFC ∠的度数;②用等式表示线段,,AD FB FC 之间的数量关系,并证明.28.对某一个函数给出如下定义:如果存在实数M ,对于任意的函数值y ,都满足y ≤M ,那么称这个函数是有上界函数.在所有满足条件的M 中,其最小值称为这个函数的上确界.例如,图中的函数y =﹣(x ﹣3)2+2是有上界函数,其上确界是2(1)函数①y =x 2+2x +1和②y =2x ﹣3(x ≤2)中是有上界函数的为(只填序号即可),其上确界为;(2)如果函数y =﹣x +2(a ≤x ≤b ,b >a )的上确界是b ,且这个函数的最小值不超过2a +1,求a 的取值范围;(3)如果函数y =x 2﹣2ax +2(1≤x ≤5)是以3为上确界的有上界函数,求实数a 的值.北京十二中2022-2023学年第一学期期中考试试卷初三数学一、选择题(共16分,每题2分)1.下列图形中,既是中心对称图形又是轴对称图形的是()A.直角三角形B.圆C.等边三角形D.四边形【答案】B【分析】根据中心对称图形和轴对称图形的定义判断即可.【详解】∵直角三角形不是中心图形,不符合题意,∴A选项错误;∵圆是中心图形,也是轴对称图形,符合题意,∴B选项正确;∵等边三角形不是中心图形,是轴对称图形,不符合题意,∴C选项错误;∵四边形无法确定其对称性,不符合题意,∴D选项错误;故选B.【点睛】本题考查了中心对称图形和轴对称图形的定义,熟记两种对称图形的定义是解题的关键.2.小明将图案绕某点连续旋转若干次,每次旋转相同角度α,设计出一个外轮廓为正六边形的图案(如图),则α可以为()A.30°B.60°C.90°D.120°【答案】B【分析】由题意依据每次旋转相同角度α,旋转了六次,且旋转了六次刚好旋转了一周为360°进行分析即可得出答案.【详解】解:因为每次旋转相同角度α,旋转了六次,且旋转了六次刚好旋转了一周为360°,所以每次旋转相同角度α360660︒=÷=.故选:B.【点睛】本题考查旋转的性质,解题的关键是能够找到旋转中心,从而确定旋转角的度数.3.抛物线2241y x x =-+的对称轴是直线()A.3x =-B.1x = C.32x =-D.=1x -【答案】B【分析】根据二次函数()20y ax bx c a =++≠的对称轴公式:直线2bx a=-进行求解即可.【详解】解:抛物线2241y x x =-+的对称轴是直线41222b x a -=-=-=⨯.故选:B .【点睛】本题考查了二次函数的性质,掌握二次函数的对称轴公式是解题的关键.4.二次函数y =3(x –2)2–5与y 轴交点坐标为()A.(0,2)B.(0,–5)C.(0,7)D.(0,3)【答案】C【分析】由题意使x =0,求出相应的y 的值即可求解.【详解】解:∵y =3(x ﹣2)2﹣5,∴当x =0时,y =7,∴二次函数y =3(x ﹣2)2﹣5与y 轴交点坐标为(0,7),故选C .【点睛】本题考查了二次函数图象上点的坐标特征,解题的关键是二次函数图象上的点满足其解析式.5.一元二次方程22310x x -+=的根的情况是()A.有两个不相等的实数根B.没有实数根C.有两个相等的实数根D.无法确定【答案】A【分析】根据一元二次方程的根的判别式得到()234210∆=--⨯⨯>,即可得出答案.【详解】解:∵()234219810∆=--⨯⨯=-=>,∴一元二次方程22310x x -+=有两个不相等的实数根.故选:A .【点睛】本题考查了一元二次方程根的判别式:一元二次方程20(0)ax bx c a ++=≠的根与24b ac ∆=-有如下关系:当0∆>时,方程有两个不相等的实数根;当Δ0=时,方程有两个相等的实数根;当Δ0<时,方程无实数根.6.把二次函数2y x =-的图像向左平移1个单位,然后向上平移3个单位,则平移后的图像对应的二次函数的关系式为()A.2(1)3y x =-++B.2(1)3y x =-+-C.2(1)3y x =---D.2(1)+3y x =--【答案】A【分析】根据二次函数图象平移的方法即可得出结论.【详解】解:抛物线2y x =-向左平移1个单位,然后向上平移3个单位,则平移后抛物线的解析式为:2(1)3y x =-++.故选:A .【点睛】本题考查的是二次函数的图象的平移变换,熟知“上加下减,左加右减”的规律是解答此题的关键.7.抛物线上y =(m -4)x 2有两点A (-3,y 1)、B (2,y 2),且y 1>y 2,则m 的取值范围是()A.m >4B.m <4C.m ≥4D.m ≠4【答案】A【分析】把A 、B 两点的坐标分别代入抛物线解析式可用m 分别表示出y 1和y 2,利用条件可得到m 的不等式,可求得m 的取值范围.【详解】解:∵A (−3,y 1)、B (2,y 2)在抛物线上,∴y 1=9(m −4),y 2=4(m −4),∵y 1>y 2,∴9(m −4)>4(m −4),∴m >4,故选:A .【点睛】本题主要考查二次函数图象上点的坐标特征,掌握函数图象上的点的坐标满足函数解析式是解题的关键.8.使用家用燃气灶烧开同一壶水所需的燃气量y (单位:m 3)与旋钮的旋转角度x (单位:度)(0°<x ≤90°)近似满足函数关系y =ax 2+bx +c (a ≠0).如图记录了某种家用节能燃气灶烧开同一壶水的旋钮的旋转角度x 与燃气量y 的三组数据,根据上述函数模型和数据,可推断出此燃气灶烧开一壶水最节省燃气的旋钮的旋转角度约为()A.33°B.36°C.42°D.49°【答案】C 【分析】据题意和二次函数的性质,可以确定出对称x 的取值范围,从而可以解答本题.【详解】解:由图象可知,物线开口向上,该函数的对称轴x >18542+且x <54,∴36<x <54,即对称轴位于直线x =36与直线x =54之间且靠近直线x =36,故选:C .【点睛】本题考查二次函数的应用,解答本题的关键是明确题意,利用数形结合的思想解答.二、填空题(共16分,每题2分)9.若点P (2,3)与点Q 关于原点对称,则点Q 的坐标是__________.【答案】(-2,-3).【分析】根据关于原点对称的点的横坐标互为相反数,纵坐标互为相反数,可得答案.【详解】解:点P (2,3)与点Q 关于原点对称,则点Q 的坐标(-2,-3),故答案是:(-2,-3).【点睛】本题考查了关于原点的对称的点的坐标,关于原点对称的点的横坐标互为相反数,纵坐标互为相反数.10.若一个反比例函数图象的每一支上,y 随x 的增大而减小,则此反比例函数表达式可以是__________.(写出一个即可)【答案】1y x=(答案不唯一)【详解】解:∵反比例函数图象的每一支上,y 随x 的增大而减小,∴该反比例函数中,常数0k >,如1y x =等(答案不唯一,只要0k >即可).故答案为:1y x=(答案不唯一)11.写出一个二次函数,使其满足:①图象开口向下;②当0x >时,y 随着x 的增大而减小.这个二次函数的解析式可以是______.【答案】y=-x 2-2x-1.【分析】首先由①得到a <0;由②得到-2b a ≤0;只要举出满足以上两个条件的a 、b 、c 的值即可得出所填答案.【详解】解:二次函数y=ax 2+bx+c ,①开口向下,∴a <0;②当x >0时,y 随着x 的增大而减小,-2b a≤0,即b <0;∴只要满足以上两个条件就行,如a=-1,b=-2,c=-1时,二次函数的解析式是y=-x 2-2x-1.故答案为:y=-x 2-2x-1.【点睛】本题主要考查了二次函数的性质,熟练运用性质进行计算是解此题的关键.此题是一道开放型的题目.12.如图,矩形ABCD 中,3AB =,4BC =.以点A 为中心,将矩形ABCD 旋转得到矩形AB 'CD ',使得点B '落在边AD 上,此时DB '的长为______.【答案】1【分析】利用矩形和旋转的性质,推出4AD BC ==,AB AB 3'==,所以431'=-=DB .【详解】解:由题意可知:AB AB 3'==,4AD BC ==,∴431'=-=DB ,故答案为:1.【点睛】本题考查旋转的性质,矩形的性质,关键是利用旋转性质得到AB AB 3'==,再利用矩形的性质得4AD BC ==.13.若关于x 的方程2240x kx k ++-=的一个根是1,则k 的值为___________.【答案】1【分析】把1x =代入方程2240x kx k ++-=,得出关于k 的方程,然后求解即可.【详解】解: 关于x 的方程2240x kx k ++-=的一个根是1,∴21240k k ++-=,解得1k =.故答案为:1.【点睛】本题考查了一元二次方程的解,掌握一元二次方程解的定义是解题的关键.14.如图,A ,B 两点在函数2y x=-(0x <)图象上,AC 垂直y 轴于点C ,BD 垂直x 轴于点D ,AOC ,BOD 面积分别记为1S ,2S ,则1S ___2S .(填“<”,“=”,或“>”).【答案】=【分析】通过用反比例函数上的点坐标表示1S 和2S 的面积比较即可.【详解】∵A 、B 两点在y =-2x(0x <)上,∴x A 0<,x B 0<,y A >0,y B >0,x A y A =-2,x B y B =-2,∴A x y A =2,B x y B =2,∴S 1=12A x A y =1,S 2=12B x B y =2,∴S 1=S 2.故答案为=.【点睛】本题考查了反比例函数的几何意义,找到相关三角形,求出面积即可.15.抛物线2y ax bx c =++的顶点为()2A m ,,且经过点()50B ,,其部分图象如图所示.对于此抛物线有如下四个结论:①0ac <;②0a b c -+>;③90m a +=;④若此抛物线经过点()C t n ,,则4t +一定是方程2ax bx c n ++=的一个根.其中所有正确结论的序号是____________【答案】①③##③①【分析】先根据函数开口向下判断a 的负号,再根据函数与y 轴的交点判断c 的符号,即可判断①;根据函数的顶点和点B 即可确定函数经过点()1,0-,即可判断②;根据函数的对称轴即可得出a 、b 之间的等量关系,根据0a b c -+=即可的出a 、c 之间的关系,最后将2x =代入函数表达式即可得出结论;④根据二次函数与一元二次方程之间的关系即可进行解答.【详解】解:①∵函数开口向下,∴a<0,∵函数图像与y 轴交于正半轴,∴0c >,∴0ac <,故①正确;②∵顶点为()2A m ,,∴函数对称轴为直线:2x =,∵函数经过点()50B ,,∴函数经过点()1,0-,当1y =-时:()()21·10y a b c a b c =-+-+=-+=,故②不正确;③∵函数对称轴为直线:2x =,∵22b a-=,即:4b a =-,由②可知:0a b c -+=,故45c b a a a a =-=--=-,当2x =时:()()22242459y a b c a a a a =⨯++=+⨯-+-=-,∵函数经过点()2A m ,,∴9m a =-,即90m a +=,故③正确;④若此抛物线经过点()C t n ,,则x t =一定是方程2ax bx c n ++=的一个根,故④不正确;综上:正确的有①③;故答案为:①③.【点睛】本题主要考查了二次函数的图像和性质,解题的关键是熟练掌握二次函数的性质和图像和系数之间的关系.16.已知双曲线3y x=-与直线y kx b =+交于点()11,A x y ,()22,B x y .(1)若120x x +=,则12y y +=__________;(2)若120x x +>时,120y y +>,则k __________0,b __________0.(填“>”,“=”或“<”)【答案】①.(1)0②.(2)<③.>【分析】(1)联立两个函数解析式,整理为:()2300,kx bx k ++=≠再由根与系数的关系求解0,b =从而得到:()11,A x y ,()22,B x y 关于原点对称,从而可得答案;(2)由(1)的结论,结合120x x +>,可得:b k->0,由1122,,y kx b y kx b =+=+可得()12122,y y k x x b b +=++=结合:120y y +>,可得b >0,从而可得答案.【详解】解:(1)由题意得:3y x y kx b⎧=-⎪⎨⎪=+⎩,且0,k ≠3,kx b x∴-=+230,kx bx ∴++= 两函数的交点为:()11,A x y ,()22,B x y .12,b x x k∴+=- 120x x +=,0,b k∴-=0,b ∴=∴()11,A x y ,()22,B x y 为3y x =-与()0y kx k =≠的交点,由两函数的交点的性质可得:()11,A x y ,()22,B x y 关于原点对称,12,y y ∴互为相反数,120,y y ∴+=故答案为:0.(2)由(1)得:230,kx bx ++=同理可得:12b x x k+=-,1122,,y kx b y kx b =+=+ ()1212222,b y y k x x b k b b b b k ⎛⎫∴+=++=-+=-+= ⎪⎝⎭当120x x +>时,120y y +>,b k∴->0且b >0,k ∴<0.故答案为:<,>.【点睛】本题考查的是一次函数与反比例函数的交点问题,一次函数与反比例函数的图像与性质,同时考查了一元二次方程的根与系数的关系,不等式的性质,掌握以上知识是解题的关键.三、解答题(共68分,第17题8分,第18-19题每题5分,第20题4分,第21-24题每题5分,第25-26题每题6分,第27-28题每题7分)17.用适当的方法解方程(1)4(x-1)2=9(2)2640x x --=【答案】(1)112x =-,252x =;(2)13x =+23x =-【分析】(1)先在方程的两边同时除以4,再直接开方即可;(2)将常数项移到等式的右边,再两边配上一次项系数的一半可得.【详解】(1)解:29(1)4x -=∴112x =-,252x =,(2)解:2(3)13x -=3x -=∴13x =23x =【点睛】本题主要考查配方法解一元二次方程,熟练掌握配方法的基本步骤是解题的关键.18.如图,点D 是等边三角形ABC 的边BC 上一点,以AD 为边作等边△ADE ,连接CE .(1)求证:ABD ACE ≌△△;(2)若∠BAD =20°,求∠AEC 的度数.【答案】(1)见解析;(2)100°.【分析】(1)根据△ADE 与△ABC 都是等边三角形,得到AC=AB ,AE=AD ,∠DAE=∠BAC=60°,从而得到∠DAE+∠CAD=∠BAC+∠CAD ,即∠CAE=∠BAD ,利用SAS 证得△ABD ≌△ACE ;(2)由△ABD ≌△ACE ,得到∠ACE=∠B=60°,∠BAD=∠CAE=20°,再由三角形内角和为180°即可求出∠AEC 的度数.【详解】(1)证明:∵△ADE 与△ABC 都是等边三角形,∴AC=AB ,AE=AD ,∠DAE=∠BAC=60°,∴∠DAE+∠CAD=∠BAC+∠CAD ,即∠CAE=∠BAD ,在△CAE 与△BAD 中,AC AB CAE BAD AE AD ⎧⎪∠∠⎨⎪⎩===,∴△ABD ≌△ACE (SAS );(2)∵△ABD ≌△ACE ,∴∠ACE=∠B=60°,∠BAD=∠CAE=20°,∴∠AEC=180°-60°-20°=100°.【点睛】此题考查全等三角形的判定与性质及等边三角形的性质,根据等边三角形中隐含的条件可以得到证明三角形全等的一些条件是解题关键.19.已知关于x 的一元二次方程2(1)(4)30m x m x -+--=(m 为实数且1m ≠).(1)求证:此方程总有两个实数根;(2)如果此方程的两个实数根都是整数,求正整数...m 的值.【答案】(1)证明见解析;(2)2m =或4m =.【分析】(1)求出△的值,再判断出其符号即可;(2)先求出x 的值,再由方程的两个实数根都是整数,且m 是正整数求出m 的值即可.【详解】(1)依题意,得()()()24413m m =---⨯- 28161212m m m =-++-,244m m =++,()22m =+.∵()220m +≥,∴方程总有两个实数根.(2)∵()()1130x m x ⎡⎤+--=⎣⎦,∴11x =-,231x m =-.∵方程的两个实数根都是整数,且m 是正整数,∴11m -=或13m -=.∴2m =或4m =.【点睛】本题考查的是根的判别式,熟知一元二次方程ax 2+bx+c=0(a≠0)的根与△=b 2-4ac 的关系是解答此题的关键.20.如图,在正方形网格中,将格点△ABC 绕某点顺时针旋转角α(0<α<180°)得到格点△A 1B 1C 1,点A 与点A 1,点B 与点B 1,点C 与点C 1是对应点.(1)请通过画图找到旋转中心,将其标记为点O ;(2)直接写出旋转角α的度数.【答案】(1)见解析;(2)90°【分析】(1)连接11,AA CC ,分别做它们的垂直平分线相交于一点,该点即为所求;(2)观察所作图形,1COC α∠=∠,从而得到答案.【详解】解:(1)如下图所示,点O 即为所求.(2)观察第一问的图形,可知190COC α∠=∠=【点睛】本题考查作图确认旋转中心、旋转角,牢记相关的知识点是解题的关键.21.已知二次函数223y x x =--+.(1)将二次函数化成2()y a x h k =-+的形式;(2)在平面直角坐标系中画出223y x x =--+的图象;(3)结合函数图象,直接写出0y >时x 的取值范围.【答案】(1)2(1)4y x =-++;(2)画图见解析;(3)-3<x <1【分析】(1)运用配方法进行变形即可;(2)根据(1)中解析式可以先得出顶点坐标以及对称轴和开口方向朝下,然后进一步分别可以求出与x 轴的两个交点,及其与y 轴的交点,最后用光滑的曲线连接即可,;(3)根据所画出的图像得出结论即可.【详解】(1)223y x x =--+2(2)+3x x =-+2(211)+3x x =-++-2(1)+4x =-+;(2)由(1)得:顶点坐标为:(-1,4),对称轴为:1x =-,开口向下,当x=0时,y=3,∴交y 轴正半轴3处,当y=0时,x=1或-3,∴与x 轴有两个交点,综上所述,图像如图所示:(3)根据(2)所画图像可得,0y >,-3<x <1.【点睛】本题主要考查了二次函数图像的性质,熟练掌握相关概念是解题关键.22.刘师傅开了一家商店,今年2月份盈利2500元,4月份的盈利达到3600元,且从2月到4月,每个月盈利的增长率相同.(1)求每个月盈利的增长率;(2)按照这个增长率,请你估计这家商店5月份的盈利将达到多少元?【答案】(1)20%;(2)4320元【分析】(1)设该商店的月平均增长率为x ,根据等量关系:2月份盈利额×(1+增长率)2=4月份的盈利额列出方程求解即可;(2)5月份盈利=4月份盈利×增长率.【详解】(1)设每月盈利平均增长率为x ,根据题意得:()2250013600x +=,解得:1220%220%x x ==-,(不符合题意舍去)答:每月盈利的平均增长率为20%;(2)3600120%4320+=()(元)答:按照这个平均增长率,预计5月份这家商店的盈利将达到4320元.【点睛】本题考查的是二次方程的实际应用,熟练掌握二次方程是解题的关键.23.如图,排球运动场的场地长18m ,球网高度2.24m ,球网在场地中央,距离球场左、右边界均为9m .一名球员在场地左侧边界练习发球,排球的飞行路线可以看作是对称轴垂直于水平面的抛物线的一部分.某次发球,排球从左边界的正上方发出,击球点的高度为2m ,当排球飞行到距离球网3m 时达到最大高度2.5m .小石建立了平面直角坐标系xOy (1个单位长度表示1m ),求得该抛物线的表达式为215722y x =-+.根据以上信息,回答下列问题:(1)画出小石建立的平面直角坐标系;(2)判断排球能否过球网,并说明理由.【答案】(1)见解析;(2)排球能过球网,理由见解析【分析】(1)根据该抛物线的表达式为215722y x =-+,可得抛物线的顶点坐标为50,2⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭,从而得到小石建立的平面直角坐标系是以O 为坐标原点,OB 所在的直线为x 轴,OA 所在的直线为y 轴,即可求解;(2)根据题意得:当3x =时,2153 2.375 2.24722y =-⨯+=>,即可求解.【详解】解:(1)如图,∵该抛物线的表达式为215722y x =-+,∴抛物线的顶点坐标为50,2⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭,∵当排球飞行到距离球网3m 时达到最大高度2.5m .根据题意得:点A 的坐标为50,2⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭,∴小石建立的平面直角坐标系是以O 为坐标原点,OB 所在的直线为x 轴,OA 所在的直线为y轴,如下图:(2)排球能过球网,理由如下:根据题意得:点B 的横坐标为3,∴当3x =时,2153 2.375 2.24722y =-⨯+=>,∴排球能过球网.【点睛】本题主要考查了建立二次函数的图象和性质,建立适当的平面直角坐标系,熟练掌握二次函数的图象和性质是解题的关键.24.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,直线:l 3y x =-与函数(0k y k x =≠,0)x >的图象交于点(4,)A t .(1)求t ,k 的值;(2)点B 是函数(0k y k x=≠,0)x >的图象上任意一点(不与点A 重合),点P ,Q 在直线l 上,点P 横坐标为2.若1S S 2ABQ ABP △△≥,求点Q 横坐标的取值范围.【答案】(1)1t =;k=4;(2)3Q x ≤或5Q x ≥【分析】(1)把点A 代入直线求出t ,反比例函数过点A ,可求k ;(2)设点B 到直线AP 的距离为h .利用面积求出12AQ AP ≥.由(4,1)A ,点P 横坐标为2,当点Q 在射线AP 上时,过A 作AD ⊥x 轴,交过P 、Q 分别与x 轴平行的直线与C 、D ,由QC ∥PD ,易证△AQC ∽△APD ,由性质AQ QC =AP PD 即4AQ 1=AP 422Q x -≥-,当点Q 在线段PA 延长线上时,过P 作PF ∥x 轴,与过A 、Q 作y 轴的平行线交于E ,F ,由AE ∥QF 得△PAE ∽△PQF 由性质PA PE =PQ PE ,推出PA PE =AQ EF 即QPA 42=2AQ 4x -≤-解不等式求出Q 点的横坐标即可.【详解】解:(1) 点(4,)A t 在直线:l 3y x =-上,∴1t =,函数(0k y k x=≠,0)x >的图象经过点(4,1)A ,∴4k =.(2)设点B 到直线AP 的距离为h .∴1S =2ABQ AQ h ⋅⋅△,1S =2ABP AP h ⋅⋅△, 1S S 2ABQ ABP △△≥,∴12AQ AP ≥. (4,1)A ,点P 横坐标为2,如图,当点Q 在射线AP 上时,;过A 作AD ⊥x 轴,交过P 、Q 分别与x 轴平行的直线与C 、D ,由QC ∥PD ,∴△AQC ∽△APD ,AQ QC =AP PD 即4AQ 1=AP 422Q x -≥-,3Q x ≤,如图,当点Q 在线段PA 延长线上时,过P 作PF ∥x 轴,与过A 、Q 作y 轴的平行线交于E ,F ,∵AE ∥QF ,∴△PAE ∽△PQF ,∴PA PE =PQ PE 即PA PE =PQ-AP PF-PE,∴PA PE =AQ EF 即Q PA 42=2AQ 4x -≤-5Q x ≥.综上所述:点Q 横坐标的取值范围3Q x ≤或5Q x ≥.【点睛】本题考查一次函数,反比例函数,三角形面积,相似三角形的判定与性质,掌握一次函数的性质,反比例函数性质,用三角形面积求出线段的不等关系,相似三角形的判定与性质解决坐标的范围是解题关键.25.数学学习小组的同学共同探究体积为330mL 圆柱形有盖容器(如图所示)的设计方案.,他们想探究容器表面积与底面半径的关系.具体研究过程如下,请补充完整:(1)建立模型:设该容器的表面积为S 2cm ,底面半径为x cm ,高为y cm ,则2330x y π=,①222S x xy ππ=+,②由①式得2330y x π=,代入②式得26602S x xπ=+.③可知,S 是x 的函数,自变量x 的取值范围是0x >.(2)探究函数:根据函数解析式③,按照下表中自变量x 的值计算(精确到个位),得到了S 与x 的几组对应值:/cm x …1 1.52 2.53 3.54 4.55 5.56…2/cm S …666454355303277266266274289310336…在下面平面直角坐标系中,描出了以上表中各对对应值为坐标的点.根据描出的点,画出该函数的图象;(3)解决问题:根据图表回答,①半径为2.4cm 的圆柱形容器比半径为4.4cm 的圆柱形容器表面积______.(填“大”或“小”);②若容器的表面积为3002cm ,容器底面半径约为______cm (精确到0.1).【答案】①大;②2.5或5.4【分析】①根据(2)中的表格中数据与函数图象分析可得当 2.5x =时,303S =,当 4.5x =时,274S =,进而可比较当 2.4x =与 4.4x =时,S 的值的大小,②根据函数图象求解即可【详解】解:①(2)中的表格中数据可知,当 2.5x =时,303S =,当 4.5x =时,274S =,根据函数图象可知,当>4x 时,S 随x 的增大增大,当3x <时,S 随x 的增大而减小,∴ 2.4x =时,277303S <<, 4.4x =时,266274S <<∴半径为2.4cm 的圆柱形容器比半径为4.4cm 的圆柱形容器表面积大故答案为:大②根据函数图象可知,当300S =时, 2.5x ≈或5.4故答案为:2.5或5.4【点睛】本题考查了函数图象,根据函数图象获取信息是解题的关键.26.已知抛物线242(0)y ax ax a =-+≠过(1,)A m -,(2,)B n ,(3,)C p 三点.(1)求n 的值(用含有a 的代数式表示);(2)若0mnp <,求a 的取值范围.【答案】(1)42n a =-+(2)1223a <<或25a <-【小问1详解】解:B 点在抛物线上,∴把()2n ,代入得:2224242n a a a =⋅-⨯+=-+,即42n a =-+.【小问2详解】A 、C 都在抛物线上,∴把()1m -,,()3p ,分别代入得:()()2141252m a a a =--⨯-+=+,2343232p a a a =⋅-⨯+=-+,抛物线的对称轴为:直线422a x a-=-=,与y 轴的交点坐标为()0,2,①当0a >时,函数的最小值为42n a =-+,102- <<,2m ∴>,∴要使0mnp <,则0n <,0p >,即420320a a -+⎧⎨-+⎩<>,解不等式组得:1223a <<;②当0a <时,函数有最大值为42n a =-+,∵函数图象与y 轴的交点坐标为()0,2,∴最大值一定是一个正的,即此时0n >,∴要使0mnp <,必须时使m 、p 一个为正一个为负,点A 离对称轴比C 较远,m p ∴<,0m \<,0p >,即520320a a +⎧⎨-+⎩<>,解不等式组得:25a -<,综上分析可知,a 的取值范围是1223a <<或25a -<.【点睛】本题主要考查了二次函数的性质、解一元一次不等式组,根据a 正负情况进行分类讨论是解题的关键.27.在ABC 中,90,ACB AC CB ∠== ,将线段CA 绕点C 顺时针旋转到如图所示的位置,得到线段CD ,连接,,AD BD CF 平分BCD ∠交BD 于点G ,交AD 的延长线于点F ,连接BF.(1)依题意补全图形;(2)①求DFC ∠的度数;②用等式表示线段,,AD FB FC 之间的数量关系,并证明.【答案】(1)见解析(2)①45︒2AD FB =+,证明见解析【分析】(1)依题意,补全图形即可;(2)①过点C 作CE AD ⊥,交AD 于点E ,利用等腰三角形的“三线合一”可得12DCE DCA ∠=∠,进而证明CEF △是等腰直角三角形,可得45DFC ∠=︒;②利用等腰三角形的“三线合一”及线段垂直平分线的性质可得。
2023-2024学年全国初三下政治人教版期中考试试卷(含答案解析)
专业课原理概述部分一、选择题:5道(每题1分,共5分)1. 下列哪项是我国的基本经济制度?A. 社会主义市场经济B. 社会主义计划经济C. 社会主义初级阶段D. 社会主义法治国家2. 下列哪项是我国的国家性质?A. 人民代表大会制度B. 中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度C. 人民代表大会制度D. 中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度3. 下列哪项是我国的基本政治制度?A. 社会主义市场经济B. 社会主义计划经济C. 社会主义初级阶段D. 社会主义法治国家4. 下列哪项是我国的基本法律?A. 宪法B. 刑法C. 民法D. 行政法5. 下列哪项是我国的基本国策?A. 改革开放B. 以经济建设为中心C. 独立自主D. 和平发展二、判断题5道(每题1分,共5分)1. 人民代表大会制度是我国的基本政治制度。
(√)2. 社会主义市场经济是我国的基本经济制度。
(√)3. 宪法是我国的基本法律。
(√)4. 改革开放是我国的基本国策。
(√)5. 以经济建设为中心是我国的基本国策。
(√)三、填空题5道(每题1分,共5分)1. 人民代表大会制度是我国的基本政治制度。
2. 社会主义市场经济是我国的基本经济制度。
3. 宪法是我国的基本法律。
4. 改革开放是我国的基本国策。
5. 以经济建设为中心是我国的基本国策。
四、简答题5道(每题2分,共10分)1. 请简述我国的基本经济制度。
2. 请简述我国的国家性质。
3. 请简述我国的基本政治制度。
4. 请简述我国的基本法律。
5. 请简述我国的基本国策。
五、应用题:5道(每题2分,共10分)1. 请根据我国的基本经济制度,分析其对我国经济发展的影响。
2. 请根据我国的国家性质,分析其对我国政治生活的影响。
3. 请根据我国的基本政治制度,分析其对我国政治稳定的影响。
4. 请根据我国的基本法律,分析其对我国社会秩序的影响。
5. 请根据我国的基本国策,分析其对我国国际地位的影响。
六、分析题:2道(每题5分,共10分)1. 请分析我国的基本经济制度对经济体制改革的影响。
二十七中初三数学期中试卷
考试时间:120分钟满分:100分一、选择题(每题5分,共50分)1. 已知实数a、b满足a + b = 3,ab = 2,则a² + b²的值为()A. 11B. 13C. 15D. 172. 在等腰三角形ABC中,AB = AC,∠BAC = 60°,则∠B的度数为()A. 30°B. 45°C. 60°D. 90°3. 下列函数中,是奇函数的是()A. y = x² - 1B. y = x³C. y = |x|D. y = 2x + 14. 已知一元二次方程x² - 5x + 6 = 0的两个根分别为x₁和x₂,则x₁ + x₂的值为()A. 5B. 6C. 1D. 05. 在直角坐标系中,点P(2, 3)关于y轴的对称点的坐标为()A. (-2, 3)B. (2, -3)C. (-2, -3)D. (2, 3)6. 若等比数列的首项为a₁,公比为q,则其第n项an的表达式为()A. an = a₁ + (n - 1)qB. an = a₁ - (n - 1)qC. an = a₁q + (n - 1)q²D. an = a₁q - (n - 1)q²7. 已知圆的半径为r,则其直径的长度为()A. 2rB. r/2C. r²D. √r8. 在三角形ABC中,若AB = AC,则该三角形一定是()A. 直角三角形B. 等腰三角形C. 等边三角形D. 钝角三角形9. 若函数y = kx + b(k ≠ 0)的图像经过点(1, 3),则该函数的斜率k和截距b分别为()A. k = 2, b = 1B. k = 1, b = 2C. k = 3, b = 1D. k = 1, b = 310. 下列命题中,正确的是()A. 两个等腰三角形一定是相似的B. 两个等边三角形一定是相似的C. 两个等腰直角三角形一定是相似的D. 两个等腰三角形一定是全等的二、填空题(每题5分,共50分)11. 若a > b > 0,则a² - b²的值为________。
初三数学期中考试试卷
一、选择题(每题4分,共40分)1. 下列各数中,绝对值最小的是()A. -3B. 0C. 2D. -52. 已知a > b,下列不等式中正确的是()A. a - b > 0B. a + b < 0C. a - b < 0D. a + b > 03. 下列代数式中,正确的是()A. (a + b)^2 = a^2 + b^2B. (a - b)^2 = a^2 - b^2C. (a + b)^2 = a^2 + 2ab + b^2D. (a - b)^2 = a^2 - 2ab + b^24. 已知一元二次方程x^2 - 5x + 6 = 0,下列选项中正确的是()A. x1 = 2,x2 = 3B. x1 = 3,x2 = 2C. x1 = -2,x2 = -3D. x1 = -3,x2 = -25. 下列函数中,y随x的增大而减小的函数是()A. y = 2x - 3B. y = x^2C. y = 3/xD. y = 2x + 36. 在△ABC中,∠A = 60°,∠B = 45°,则∠C的度数是()A. 75°B. 105°C. 120°D. 135°7. 已知平行四边形ABCD的对角线AC和BD相交于点O,若OA = 3cm,OB = 4cm,则对角线AC的长度是()A. 6cmB. 8cmC. 10cmD. 12cm8. 下列方程中,属于一元二次方程的是()A. x^2 + 2x + 1 = 0B. 2x + 3 = 5C. 3x^2 + 4x - 1 = 0D. x^2 + 3x + 2 = 09. 下列函数中,是反比例函数的是()A. y = x + 2B. y = 2xC. y = 3/xD. y = x^210. 下列图形中,是等腰三角形的是()A. 三角形ABC,AB = ACB. 三角形ABC,BC = CAC. 三角形ABC,AB = BCD. 三角形ABC,AC = BC二、填空题(每题4分,共20分)11. 3^2 + (-2)^3 = ______12. 如果a = -1,那么a^2 - a的值是 ______13. 在△ABC中,∠A = 45°,∠B = 60°,则∠C的度数是 ______14. 已知一元二次方程x^2 - 5x + 6 = 0,则该方程的解是 ______15. 若函数y = kx + b的图象经过点(2, 3),则k和b的值分别是 ______三、解答题(每题10分,共40分)16. (10分)解下列方程:(1) 2x - 3 = 7(2) 3(x + 2) - 5x = 417. (10分)已知函数y = -2x + 5,求:(1) 当x = 3时,y的值;(2) 当y = 1时,x的值。
2023-2024学年福建省泉州市九年级下学期期中考试物理试卷
2023-2024学年福建省泉州市九年级下学期期中考试物理试卷一.单项选一选(每小题2分,共28分)1.下列物体质量最接近20kg的是()A.一个鸡蛋B.一本科学书C.一辆自行车D.一辆汽车2.21年月日凌晨时分,我国成功发射第四十九颗北斗导航卫星。
我国自行研制的北斗卫星导航零碎具有、导航和通讯等功能,它传递信息是利用()A.电磁波B.次声波C.超声波D.激光3.有些物理量的大小不易直接观测,但它变化时惹起其他量的变化却容易直接观测,用易观测的量显示不易观测的量是研讨物理成绩的一种方法。
例如:发声的音叉振动景象不明显可以经过激起水花来表现。
以下实例中采用的研讨方法与上述方法相反的是()A.研讨光的传播时,引入光线用来描述光的传播路径和方向B.研讨磁场时,在磁体周围放置小磁针观察能否偏转来感知C.研讨导体中电流构成情况,可用水管中的水流来进行类比D.研讨影响蒸发快慢与液体温度的关系,要其他量不变4.在加勒比海红树林中,科学家发现的细菌——华丽硫珠菌,形如一根细绳,可用肉眼直接观察,如图所示,其长度L为()A.2cm B.2.0cmC.2.00cm D.2.000cm5.小华“五一”乘列车出去游玩,列车在平直轨道上平稳行驶,我们说车厢内行李架上的物品是静止的,选取的参照物是()A.树木B.房屋C.电线杆D.车厢内的座椅6.图a是放置在程度桌面上的刻度尺的一部分,甲、乙、丙、丁是经过凸透镜所看到的刻度尺的像。
若凸透镜先贴着刻度尺然后逐渐远离,则看到刻度尺的像的先后顺序正确的是A.甲→乙→丙→丁B.乙一丙一甲一丁C.乙一丁→甲一丙D.丙→甲→乙→丁7、阅读图表信息,判断下列说法中正确的是()A.固体的密度一定比液体的密度大B.不同的物质,密度一定不同C.质量相等的煤油和酒精,其体积不同D.同种物质在不同形态下,其密度普通不同8.如图所示小文经过放大镜观察本人的手指和远处的房屋.下列说法中正确的是A.观察本人的手指时,他看到的是是正立、放大的实像B.观察远处的房屋时,他看到的是倒立、放大的实像C.观察本人的手指时,手指离放大镜越近、看到的虚像越大D.观察远处的房屋时,房屋离放大镜越远,看到的实像越小9.我国古代诗词中有许多描述光景象的精彩诗句,如辛弃疾的“溪边照影行,天在清溪底,天上有行云,人内行云里”。
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长沙市第二十一中学2017年下学期初三期中考试试卷…英语时量:100分钟满分:100分拿题人:焦文姿第一部分:听力技能(20分)第一节听力选择(共15小题,计15分)根据你所听到的对话,选择正确的答案回答问题。
听下面5段对话,每听完一段对话后,做1个小题。
( ) 1. What should Steve do?A. Clean the classroomB. Do the dishesC. Cook dinner( ) 2. What did the girl not have for breakfast?A. BreadB. An eggC. Noodles( ) 3. Where did the boy go in the morning?A. To the park.B. To the supermarket.C. To the hospital.( ) 4. What’s the time now?A. It’s 8:00.B. It’s 9:00.C. It’s 10:00.( ) 5. How will they go to school today?A. By bus.B. By car.C. By subway.听第六段对话,做第6-7小题。
( ) 6. What does Kate have to do?A. Make the bed.B. Wash the dishes.C. Wash the clothes.( ) 7. Where did Jack put the newspaper?A. In the mailbox.B. On the table.C. On the bed.听第七段对话,做第8-9小题。
( ) 8. Who’s wanted on the phone?A. Peter.B. Julie.C. Mrs Green.( ) 9. When will the man stay at his office?A. Before 4:30.B. After 4:30.C. After 5:30.听第八段对话,做第10-12小题。
( ) 10. What is Bill doing?A. He is reading a book.B. He is surfing the Internet.C. He is doing his homework.( ) 11. Where is Happy Farm?A. In the north of the city.B. In the center of the city.C. In the south of the city.( ) 12. How much do people need to pay for Happy Farm for a year?A. 100 yuan.B. 200 yuan.C. 300 yuan.听第九段对话,做第13-15小题。
( ) 13. What does Alice think of Shenzhen?A. Beautiful and clean.B. Beautiful and hot.C. Clean and hot.( ) 14. How did Alice get to Shenzhen?A. By train.B. By air.C. By ship.( ) 15. How many places did Alice visit?A. 3.B. 4.C. 5.第二节笔录要点(共5小题,计5分)第二部分:笔试部分(20分)Ⅰ.语法填空。
(10分)从所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。
21. He studies English by the teacher for help.A. askB. askingC. asked22. interesting invention it is!A. What anB. What aC. How23. Could you please tell me to the bank?A. how can I getB. how getC. how I can24. I wonder they’ll have mooncakes on Mid-Autumn.A. thatB. howC. whether25. The boy is hard-working he can pass the exams easily.A. too; toB. so; thatC. enough; to26. He used to to bed at 11:00pm, but now he is used to to bed early.A. go; goingB. went; goC. going; going27. The T-shirt is made cotton.A. fromB. inC. of28. I have a cat . name is Mimi.A. ItB. ItsC. It’s29. Last year a lot of trees in our city.A. are plantedB. were plantedC. planted30. It’s very important for us English well.A. to learnB. learningC. learnⅡ.完形填空(10分)Christmas is coming. The radio stations (广播电台) are playing Christmas songs, and the shops 31 very busy. People are doing their Christmas shopping. Many families buy Christmas trees 32 their homes.At this time of a year people make or 33 presents for their families. My family do the 34 thing. This year I want to buy a T-shirt for my brother. He likes 35 . He does some exercise in a park every day.My family 36 get together at Christmas. My brother lives in another city, 37 he always comes home by plane. 38 often arrives on Christmas Eve. My mother often puts a Christmas 39 in our house, and we put the gifts under the tree. We don’t open them before Christmas 40 . Weare very happy to get our presents.31. A. am B. are C. is32. A. on B. for C. from33. A. eat B. play C. buy34. A. same B. different C. small35. A. reading B. sports C. food36. A. usually B. never C. still37. A. or B. after C. so38. A. He B. She C. It39. A. card B. song C. tree40. A. go B. goes C. comes第二部分:阅读技能(30分)A阅读下面的图表,回答第41-43小题。
(每小题2分,共6分)by phone or(A. At 7:30 pmB. At 7:30amC. At 7:00 pm.( ) 42.The cheapest ticket for the concert costs _________.A. 60 yuanB. 90 yuanC.120 yuan( )43. In which way you CANNOT get the ticket?A. Going to No. 69 Fuxing Road.B. Visiting .C. Making a call to 219-87188阅读下列图表,回答第44-45小题。
(每小题2分,共4分)85% for studentsfrom March 1,Changsha. Please come with the discount ticket and your student ID card.( ) 44. The discount ticket will be useful on ________.A. July 30B. June 30C. January 1( ) 45. What do you have to take if you want to have a discount pizza?A. A pizza and the ticket.B. A pizza and a student ID card.C. The discount ticket and a student ID card.阅读短文,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。
BThe aim (目的) of students who come to school is to study. But to study requires a right way, or we will waste the time or the money. The following are ways of studying.The best time for reading is morning. Because in the morning, the air is fresh and the mind is clear. For that reason, we can get good results.In studying we must be patient (耐心的). If we don’t understand a text well, we must read it again. We should not read the next one till we have learned the first one well.When we are studying, we must put our heart into the book. We can not read absent-mindedly (心不在焉的), or we can get nothing from the book while we are reading.We must always ask “whys”. If it is not well understood, write it down and ask our teachers or parents, brothers or friends, in any possible way. We must know it completely and then our knowledge can be used well.Though there are many ways of studying, however, the above mentioned (提及的) will be quite enough if we can keep them in heart and do so.46. The passage tells us .A. to read in the morningB. to pay attention to ways of studyingC. the importance of reading47. This article tells us ways of studying.A. fourB. fiveC. three48. If we can’t put our heart into the book when we read, it is .A. possible to learn something from itB. easy to understand it wellC. impossible for us to get something from it49. In studying, we must always ask “whys” in order to .A. understand the book wellB. get some questions to ask our teachersC. write down the questions50.According to the passage, the best time for reading is .A. eveningB. morningC. afternoon .CMy neighbor, Mr. Black, is seventy years old. He always complains about how fast things have changed, and often says that life used to be better than now.Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars, so parking is becoming a big problem. The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse, too. Car drivers drive so fast that there are more traffic accidents. Yesterday Mr. Black’s old friend was hit by a car and died. He is very sad now.Most families have computers now. A study found that children use the Internet more and more. The number of children using the Internet has grown by three times(倍) in the past three years. Mr. Black’s grandson is a high school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spends little time doing homework. His English teacher told Mr. Black that his grandson failed another test, Mr. Black got very angry with him.Mr. Black thinks that life used to be simple and happy, but now it has changed a lot.( ) 51. was hit by a car .A. The English teacherB. Mr. BlackC. Mr. Black’s friend( ) 52. Mr. Black thinks that life is .A. worse than it used to beB. the same as it used to beC. better than it used to be( ) 53. What does the underlined word “complains” mean in Chinese?A. 考虑B. 期盼C. 抱怨( )54. Which is right according to the passage?A. There are lights at home.B. Lots of families have computers.C. All families have two or more cars.( ) 55. From the passage, we can infer (猜测) that .A. Mr. Black’s grandson is not interested in the Internet.B. Mr. Black is worried about his grandsonC. Mr. Black is an English teacher第四部分写作技能(30分)Ⅰ.阅读表达(10分)阅读材料,然后根据材料内容回答所提问题。