焊接技术与工程专业英语

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3. THE SELECTION OF METALS IN WELDING
•Keywords:
Alloy Weldability Strength Hardness Stiffness Ductility Nickel
Beryllium Aluminum
Iron
WELDING DEFINED
焊接的概念：焊接是将两种金属（同质
或异质）或非金属通过原子或分子间的
结合从而连接成一体
WELDING CLASSIFICATION
FUSION WELDING WELDING PRESSURE WELDING
HISTORY OF WELDING
HISTORY OF WELDING
*Standard: AMS2772E-2008
Tow step aging condition: • Material: 7075 • Solution treatment: 475 CX 2 h • Quenching media: water • Aging condition after quenching: 107 C for 6h and then 163 C
Friction Stir welding
1. WHAT IS WELDING
•Keywords:
Molecule Oxidation Contamination Metallurgy Fusion process Pressure process
2. HEAT TREATMENT OF STEEL
HISTORY OF WELDING
HISTORY OF WELDING
Arc welding
HISTORY OF WELDING
Robot welding
HISTORY OF WELDING
Laser welding
HISTORY OF WELDING
Spot welding
HISTORY OF WELDING
金属能够得到广泛应用的基本前提就是 其焊接性、硬度、韧性及塑性（指其易 加工性能）。金属的这些性能对焊工非 常重要。只有在知道这些性能的前提下， 他才能实现正确的焊接操作。
The selection of Metals in Welding
There is no such thing as an ideal metal, although nickel may be considered to have come closest. For a particular application, the best selection is the metal that has the most favorable features. Probably the two most important characteristics to be considered are cost and weight. Weight particularly has been paid greater attention to in recent years owing to the development of modern industries. It is for this purpose that aluminum and beryllium are used to make aircrafts and rockets.
The selection of Metals in Welding
Most of the seventy-five or so metals in nature are used in industry, and about one third of the metals are of interest in welding. A use can always be found for the particular combination of properties represented by any metals. Besides, the range of available metals has been greatly extended by alloying, and there is no limit to the number of alloys possible to be developed. From the one metal iron, probably more than 25000 alloys of steel are found to have been developed, although the uses of pure iron are very few in contrast to the vast range of purposes served by the many steel alloys. 自然界中75种左右的金属中，大多数 都能应用于工业，其中大概三分之一 为焊接所感兴趣。任何金属性能的特 定组合总是能找到其用途。除此以外， 可用金属的范围通过合金化可以得到 大大的延伸，并且理论上可以开发无 限种类的合金。以金属铁为例，已经 开发出了25000多种钢，然而与钢得 到大规模的应用相比，纯铁反而应用 很少。
•Keywords:
Heat treatment Hardening Tempering Annealing Quench Brine
Under-aged and Peak-aged Heat Treatment on 7075 Al Alloy
*Standard: AMS2772E-2008
工业上没有纯完美的金属，虽然镍被认 为是最接近完美的一种金属。对于特定 用途，具有相匹配性能的金属为最佳选 择。这中间需要考虑的两个重要因素就 是价格和重量。近年来由于现代工业的 发展，重量方面得到更多的关注。基于 此原因，铝和铍广泛用于航空和火箭上。
The selection of Metals in Welding
• A Welding Technical Reader • Welding Principles & Applications
• Welding Metallurgy
Teaching Program
• Part Ⅰ: Access to Welding Literature
• Part Ⅱ: Welding Power • Part Ⅲ: Welding Metallurgy • Part Ⅳ: Welding Processes
The selection of Metals in Welding
The basic characteristics that make the metals so very useful are their weldability, hardness, stiffness, and ductility (that is the property to be shaped easily). These characteristics of metals are of great importance to a welder. If he has some knowledge of them, he is certain to have his welding jobs done in a proper ways.
WELDING DEFINED
Welding is a materials joining process used in making welds.
A weld is “a localized coalescence (the growing together of the grain structure of the materials being welded) of metals or nonmetals produced either by heating the materials to suitable temperatures, with or without the application of pressure, and with or without the use of filler materials”. American Welding Society
Steel
The selection of Metals in Welding
Most of the seventy-five or so metals in nature are used in industry, and about one third of the metals are of interest in welding. A use can always be found for the particular combination of properties represented by any metals. Besides, the range of available metals has been greatly extended by alloying, and there is no limit to the number of alloys possible to be developed. From the one metal iron, probably more than 25000 alloys of steel are found to have been developed, although the uses of pure iron are very few in contrast to the vast range of purposes served by the many steel alloys.
Summary on Heat Treatment of 7075 Al Alloy
Solution Treatment Under-aged T6 Peak-aged T651 Over-aged T7351 475 CX 2 h Quenching Aging Hardness HV 136
焊接技术与工程专业英语
SPECIALTY ENGLISH FOR WELDING
DEPARTMENT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
JIANGSU UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2005.08
Text book & reference books
Cost must be balanced against other characteristics of the metals. For example, it is possible to replace beryllium by metals of only a hundredth the cost, but such substitutes cannot match beryllium’s stiffness and strength, and the industries concerned may decide that the superiority of beryllium warrants the increased cost. For other applications, however, beryllium is not in such a favor, and therefore is not considered as a metal to be required.
Water
120 CX 2.5 h
475 CX 2 h
Water
120 CX 24 h 107 CX 6 h 163 CX 40 h
177
475 CX 2 h
Water
136
Microstructural Characterization of 7075T651
Keller’s etch: 15 s
One step aging condition: • Material: 7075 • Solution treatment: 475 CX 2 h • Quenching media: water • Aging condition after quenching: 120 C
Over-aged Heat Treatment on 7075 Al Alloy