高考英语语法系列复习专题四冠词

冠词篇一、a与one的对比1. 尽管a和one这两个在意义上有些相似，但它们几乎不能互换使用。

2. 在连续记数时，习惯上，用one而不用a。

3. 在名词前使用one往往表示数量上的对比。

4. 用在某些固定词组中。

e.g. all of a sudden（突然），as a matter of fact（事实上），in a hurry，in a word，do sb. a favour，pay a visit to，a hand of（少量的），a length of（一根、一段），a variety of（种种），a depth of（深度为），an article of（一件），a total of（总共），an average of（平均），one by one，one after another，one day二、不定冠词的基本用法1. 具有泛指的概念，表示“一类”或“其中的一个”。

2. 初次提到某人或某物。

3. 速度、比率、价格等，其意义相等于one或every。

4. 用在某些物质名词前，该物质名词便具体化了。

a coffee, a heavy rain5. 用在某些抽象名词前，该抽象名词前便具体化了。

He has a knowledge of chemistry. The get-together was a great success.6. 用在专有名词前，表示类似的一个或某一个。

He is a Kong Fansen. A Mrs Smith wishes to speak to you.7. 表示“同一个”的意思。

The two boys are of an age.These umbrellas are of a (=the same) colour and size.8. 不定冠词的特殊位置：how/so/as/too+形容词+不定冠词+名词so kind a man = such a kind man too difficult a book三、定冠词的主要用法1. 表示特指和第二次提到的人或物。

2. 表示世界上独一无二的事物。

3. 用在序数词、形容词最高级前面。

4. 用在江河湖海、山脉、群岛、海峡、沙漠等地理名词前。

5. 用在形容词或过去分词前表示一类人。

6. 用在表示国家和民族的形容词前表示泛指该国的人民。

7. 用在姓氏的复数前，表示该夫妇俩或全家人。

8. 乐器、通讯设备前一定要加定冠词。

9. 用于某些缩略词之前。

the PRC10. 用在表示发明物的单数可数名词之前。

11. 固定搭配。

in the morning on the other hand四、不用冠词的几种情况1. 季节、节日、星期、三餐等之前，一般不加冠词。

the Spring Festival （除外）2. 名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格等限定词修饰时，一般不加冠词。

3. 专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加。

4. 球类、棋类、学科等名称前，一般不加冠词。

5. 称呼、头衔、职务等表示抽象性质的名词前，不加冠词。

6. 在与by连用交通工具名称前不加冠词。

]7. 在turn，go（变成、成为）变成后面的名词做短语时，名词前不加冠词。

但become后面的名词前一定要加冠词。

8. 在一个以“普通名词+as”所引导的让步状语从句中，该普通名词前不加冠词。

9. 泛指复数名词前不用冠词。

10. 固定搭配。

in debt，in good (bad) health，in good condition，in great demand，in great need of，in time of danger，in office（就职），in honour of，in trouble (difficulty)，in favour of，with anger，in general，in size，in character（在性格上），in sight，in (out of) order，on business，on holiday，on leave，on watch，on fire，heart and soul，knife and fork，at sea，husband and wife，brother and sister，from morning till night，on horseback五、特殊情况1. 部分词组中有冠词和没有冠词其含义不同。

一般说来，名词前无冠词，则表示抽象意义；名词前有冠词，则表示具体意义。

out of problem（不成问题），out of the problem（不可能），take place，take the place of，in hospital，in the hospital，at table，at the table，in front of，in the front of，three of us，the three of us，on earth，on the earth，of age（成年），of an age（同岁数），lose colour（脸色苍白），lose the colour（褪色），2. 有些诉组中用定冠词the还是不定冠词a ，意义不同。

a number of the number of3. 注意当单数可数名词被so、as、how、too等词修饰时，冠词的位置要放在形容词后面。

比较such。

4. 注意习惯用法。

在某些词组、成语中，名词前不用冠词。

六、表示类别的三种情况1. 定冠词+单数可数名词（用特指的那一类事物代表一类事物）。

2. 不定冠词+单数可数名词（用“任意一个”“某一个”所具有的特性、特征表示一类事物）。

3. 可数名词复数或不可数名词，指“类别”。

（考虑到同一类中的各个情况）。

专题练习冠词1. Jumping out of ________ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite ________ exciting experience. (2002全国高考题)A./; theB./; anC.an; anD.the; the2. There’s ________ dictionary on ________ desk by your side. (2003北京春季高考题)A.a; theB.a; aC.the; aD.the; the3. An accident happened at ________ crossroads a few meters away from ________ bank. (2003上海春季高考题)A.a; aB./; aC./; theD.the; /4.The warmth of ________ sweater will of course be determined by the sort of ________ wool used.A.the; theB.the; /C./; theD./; /5.Mr.Li will give us ________ talk.________ talk will begin at 8:00.A.a; TheB.the; AC./; /D.a; A6.The sun gives us ________ heat and ________ light.A.the; theB.a; aC.a; theD./; /7.—What do you need in dinner?—I need ________.A.a knife and a forkB.a knife and forkC.the knife and forkD.the knife and the fork8.________ Mrs.Smith is waiting for you in your office.A.TheB.AC.OneD./9.She’s on ________ People’s Daily.A.theB.anC.aD./10._____ Einsteins could not pay for _____ advanced education that young Albert needed.A.The; theB.A; aC.An; theD.The; an11.She is ________ newcomer to ________ chemistry but she has already made some important discoveries.A.the; theB.the; aC.a; /D.a; the12.—Where is Jack?—I think he is still in ________ bed，but he might be in ________ bathroom.A./; /B.the; theC.the; /D./; the13.I don’t like talking on ________ telephone; I prefer writing ________ letters.A.a; theB.a; /C.the; theD.the; /14.Many people are still in ________ habit of writing silly things in ________ public places.A.the; theB./; /C.the; /D./; the15.—If you don’t like the red coat，take the blue one.—OK，but do you have ________ size in blue? This one is a bit tight for me.A.a bigB.a biggerC.the bigD.the bigger16.I heard somebody playing ________ piano in ________ next room.A.a; aB.the; theC.a; theD.the; an17.________ Pacific Ocean is ________ largest of all.A.the; aB./; theC.the; theD.a; /18.Great changes have taken place in ________ 1990’s.A./B.aC.theD.an19.Wouldn’t it be ____ wonderful world if all nations lived in _____ peace with one another?A.a; /B.the; /C.a; theD.the; the20.Alexander Graham Bell invented ________ telephone in 1876.A./B.aC.theD.one21.In 1864，Lincoln was elected _____ President of ____ United States for the second time.A.the; theB.a; aC./; theD./; /22.John is ________ university student.A./B.anyC.aD.an23.The table is made of ________.A.a woodB.some woodC.the woodD.wood24.We are going to learn ________ next week.A.Twelfth LessonB.The Twelfth LessonC.Twelve LessonD.The Twelve Lesson25.—I’d like ________ information about the management of your hotel，please. —Well，you could have ________ word with the manager. He might be helpful.A.some; aB.an; someC.some; someD.an; a26.Paper money was in _______ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in ______ thirteenth century.A.the; /B.the; theC./; theD./; /27.Most animals have little connection with ________ animals of ________ different kind unless they kill them for food.A.the; aB./; aC.the; theD./; the28.Alice is fond of playing _____ piano while Henry is interested in listening to _____ music.A./; theB./; /C.the; /D.the; the29.Oh，John.________ you gave us!A.How a pleasant surpriseB.How pleasant surpriseC.What a pleasant surpriseD.What pleasant surprise30.________ terrible weather we’ve been having these days!A.How aB.What aC.HowD.What31.Many people agree that _____ knowledge of English is a must in ____ international trade today.A.a; /B.the; anC.the; theD./; the32.Beyond ________ stars，the astronaut saw nothing but ________ space.A.the; /B./; theC./; /D.the; the33.—Have you seen ________ pen? I left it here this morning.—Is it ________ black one? I think I saw it some where.A.a; theB.the; theC.a; aD.the; a34.After watching ________ TV，she played ________ violin for an hour.A./; /B.the; theC.the; /D./; the35.—Are you sure to help me find ________ bed for my new house?—Sure，but not now. I’m heading for ________ bed and a good sleep.A.a; /B.a; aC.the; aD.the; /36.Charlie Chaplin was considered one of the greatest actors in ___ history of ___ cinema.A./; /B.a; theC.the; theD.the; a37.—What about ________ book?—It’s too difficult ________ book.A.a; aB.a; theC.the; theD.the; a38.Towards ________ evening ________ cold rain began to fall.A.an; theB.the; aC.the; /D./; a39.She always plays ________ football after ________ school.A.a; theB.the; theC./; aD./; /40._____ wheel is thought to be _____ invention of _____ first importance in human history.A.A; the; theB.The; an; theC.A; an; theD.A; an; /41.I felt someone patted me on ________ shoulder.A.aB.theC.myD./42.—So you are running ________ restaurant?—Yes，but I don’t want to make it ________ restaurant only for rich people.A.the; /B.the; theC.a; theD.a; a43.Xi’an was ________ starting point of ________ world famous“Silk Road”.A./;/B.a; aC.the; /D.the; the44.It is ten o’clock in the morning but he is still ________.A.in the bedB.at the bedC.in bedD.on bed45.More than half of ________ water used for drinking，washing and irrigating crops comes from under ________ ground.A.the; /B./; theC./; /D.the; the46.At noon we reached ________ small village ________ east of ________ Summer Palace.A.the; the; theB.a; /; theC.a; the; theD.a; /; /47.The child had only ________ slight temperature，but the doctor regarded ________ illness as serious enough for ________ hospital treatment.A./; /; theB.a; /; /C.a; the; /D./; the; the48.I had ________ lunch at a friend’s house yesterday.________ food was good.A.the; /B./; /C.the; theD./; The49.—What is Jack going to do with all his money?—He says he has always dreamed of taking ________ trip around ________ world.A.a; theB.the; theC.a; /D.a; a50.Qingdao is ________ most beautiful city in summer.A.theB./C.aD.one51.Just now you said you always got to work on _______ 8 o’clock train. But would_______ later train get you to work on time?A.a; aB.a; theC.the; theD.the; a52.The building was completed in ______ September of 1956 not in ______ October,1955.A./; theB.the; theC./;/D.the; /53.I would like to have _______ room，_______ window of which opens to _______ south.A.a; the; aB.a; the; theC.a; /; /D.a; the; /54.There is _______ house in the picture.There is _______ old woman near _______ house.A.an; a; theB.a; an; theC.the; a; anD.a; the; an55.________ Europe and ________ America are separated by ________ Atlantic Ocean.A./; /; theB.the; the; theC./; /; /D.the; the; /56.There is ________“h”in the word“honest”.A.aB.theC./D.an57.________ terrible life people in the small island lived at that time!A.WhatB.HowC.What aD.How a58.Father often says to me,“Be _____ honest boy today and _____ useful man tomorrow.”A.a; aB.an; anC.a; anD.an; a59.Things of ______ kind come together; people of _____ kind fall into _____ same group.A.the; the; theB.a; a; theC.the; the; aD.a; the; the60.________ Suez Canal brought ________ east and ________ west closer.A.The; the; theB./; the; theC.The; /; /D./; /; /1~5 CAABA 6~10 DBBAA 11~15 CDDCB 16~20 BCCAC 21~25 CCDBA 26~30 CBCCD 31~35 AACDA 36~40 CDDDB41~45 BDDCD 46~50 BCDAC 51~55 DDBBA 56~60 DCDBA 【解析】1.全句意为“在一万英尺的高空从飞机上跳下来真是一种激动人心的经历”。