国科大研究生听说教程听力原文 Unit 2
国科大研究生听说教程听力原文 Unit 2
UNIT 25What’s She Like?Describing the Appearance and Character of People IntroductionIn your everyday life, you usually have to answer questions such as “What’s so-and-so like?”This question doesn’t mean that you have to exactly describe the appearance of thisperson. The best way to answer this kind of question is to point out what kind of person he orshe is and then maybe the characteristics of his or her appearance. To ask about a person’s 5appearance specifically, the question “What does so-and-so look like?”is usually used.Consider the following clues in describing people.Physical description: general personal impression, age, height, face, clothes and so on.Other characteristics: personality, job, interests or hobbies, their life history, achievements, family and so on.Make sure you realize that the description of a person or place should be tactful. It is extremely rude to say to someone something like this: “You are a narrow-minded overweightmiddle-aged person!”5Part One Listening InKen: Hello?Mary: Hi, Ken. It’s Mary, Mary Graham.Ken: Oh hi, Mary. How are you?Mary: I’m fine. How are you?Ken: Fine.Mary: Listen, um... I want to ask you some questions about Jim Wilson—you know him, don’t you?Ken: Sure.5Mary: What’s he like?Ken: Well, why are you asking about Jim?Mary: Well, I want to try and get a part-time job at his store...Ken: Oh, well Jim’s a nice guy...Mary: Mm-hmm.Ken: I mean he’ll give you decent hours, a decent wage, and plenty of breaks.Mary: Well, that sounds good. Um, what does he look like? I’ve got to meet him at the Sunset Restaurant for lunch and I can’t remember.Ken: Oh, well he’s about thirty-six...Mary: Uh-huh.5Ken: ... six-foot-two...Mary: Oh, sounds kind of nice.Ken: Mm.Mary: Um, is he a, a formal kind of guy, or does he dress casually?Ken: Oh, he rarely dresses casually. He always wears three-piece suits and ties—dresses very 0much in style.Mary: Oh, I see, I better dress up then...Ken: Yeah, it might be a good idea.Part Two Better Listening5Section A006: You’d better give me my instructions. I have to leave soon.Z: Just a minute, 006. I have a message for you. You have to meet the Boss, tonight.006: Oh no! Not... the Boss!Z: That’s right, 006! He’ll be in a disco called Mama Mia tonight at ten o’clock.006: In a disco? But... I’ve never met him! What does he look like?Z: Well, he’s very tall, very tall, and he has very long, dark hair.006: Long hair? How old is he?5Z: Mm... About forty-five, I guess.006: And what about a flower? Will he be wearing a flower of any kind?Z: A flower? No. But he will be wearing a T-shirt saying “Bruce Springs is the Boss!”006: A Bruce Springs T-shirt?! All right, Z. And thanks!Z: Good luck, 006. And enjoy the disco! Listen carefully. You have to meet Agent X at the bus 0station at 7:00 this evening.Section BConversation One5Reporting a CrimePoliceman: You say he was around average height.Victim: Yes, that’s right. Around five nine, five ten.Policeman: Weight?Victim: I’m not sure. Medium, I suppose. Maybe a little on the heavy side.Policeman: Any marks on his face?Victim: No, I don’t think so.Policeman: Glasses?Victim: No.Policeman: What about his hair?5Victim: Black or dark brown.5Policeman: Long or short? Straight? Curly?Victim: Straight, I think, and about average length.Policeman: Boy, this sure doesn’t help us very much. It could be anybody. How about hisclothes? What was he wearing?Victim: Well, he had a checked or a plaid shirt—you know, the kind that lumberjacks wear. 0Policeman: OK, now we’re getting somewhere. Pants?Victim: Dark, maybe dark blue, maybe black. I’m not sure.Policeman: What kind of shoes?Victim: Boots.Policeman: Cowboy boots?5Victim: No, hiking boots—brown ones.Policeman: All right, that narrows it down a little. Now I want you to look at some pictures.(a picture)Conversation TwoA: Pardon me. Would you know who that gentleman over there is?B: The one with the moustache, you mean?A: That’s right.B: That’s Mr. Thayer, the delegate from Australia.5A: Do you know who that gentleman is?B: Which gentleman?A: The one who’s talking to the man from India.B: Oh, yes. That’s Dr. Koo. He’s the delegate from Taiwan.A: I wonder who that delegate is.B: Which one?A: The attractive woman in the long skirt.B: That’s Mrs. Nababan. She’s from Indonesia.A: What a wonderful costume that delegate is wearing.B: Which one do you mean?5A: The man who’s standing next to the door.B: Ah, yes. That’s the delegate from Nigeria. Mr. Achebe, I think.A: Who’s that woman talking to Mr. de Souza?B: The one in the black evening gown?A: Yes, that’s right.B: That’s Mrs. Baldez from Mexico.Section A55Suggested accepting responses:W: Officer! Officer!O: Yes, ma’am.W: Somebody just took my purse! My money, my credit cards—everything’s gone!O: All right. Just calm down a minute. OK. Now, what did the person look like?W: He was kind of tall and thin.O: About how tall was he?W: Around five foot ten.O: Five foot ten. And how much did he weigh?W: I’m not sure. Maybe around 140 pounds.5O: And about how old was he?W: Oh, he was fairly young—in his mid-teens, I think... sixteen or seventeen.O: And what color was his hair?W: Blond, and it was long and straight.O: Eyes?W: I don’t know. It all happened so fast.O: Yes, of course. What was he wearing?W: Jeans and a T-shirt. Oh, and a denim vest.O: Fine, and now tell me about your purse. What did it look like?W: Well, it was dark brown, and it had a shoulder strap.5O: What was it made of?W: Leather.O: OK, now I’ll need your name and address.Part Four Comprehensive PracticeSection AMs. Mendose: OK. That’s it. Now, we have to make a decision. We might as well do that now,don’t you think?5Mr. Day: Sure. Let’s see. First we saw Frank Brzinski. What did you think of him?Ms. Mendose: Mmm. Frank. Well, he’s certainly a very polite young man.Mr. Day: Yes. And very relaxed, too. That’s important.Ms. Mendose: But his appearance!Mr. Day: Ummm. He wasn’t well dressed at all, was he? He wasn’t even wearing a tie!Ms. Mendose: But he did have a nice voice. He’d sound good on the telephone.Mr. Day: True. And I thought he seemed very intelligent. He answered all our questions very well.Ms. Mendose: That’s true. But dressing well is important. Well, let’s think about the others.Now, what about Barbara Jones? She had a nice voice, too. She’d sound good 5on the telephone, and she was well-dressed, too. What did you think of her?5Mr. Day: Mmmm. She did look very neat. Very nicely dressed. But I...Ms. Mendose: But so shy! She wouldn’t be very good at talking to people at the front desk,would she?Ms. Day: No. That’s really my worry about her. But she seemed pretty smart I thought.Ms. Mendose: Yes, yes, she did seem intelligent. But so nervous. So uncomfortable.Mr. Day: Ummm. OK. Now, who was next? Ah, yes. David Wallace I thought he was very good, had a lot of potential. What about you?Ms. Mendose: Mmm. He seemed like a very bright guy, didn’t you think? He dressed verynicely, too, and he had a really nice appearance.Mr. Day: Ummm. And what about his personality? He seemed relaxed to me—the type of 5person people feel comfortable with right away. I guess I was pretty impressed byhim.Ms. Mendose: Yes, I was too. He was very polite, but also very friendly and relaxed, as yousay. I think he’d be very good with the guests at the front desk, don’t you?Mr. Day: Yes, I do. He had a very pleasant voice, too.Ms. Mendose: That’s right. Well, was there anyone else? Oh yeah. Lois Johnson. I reallydidn’t think very much of her. She was too quiet. She hardly said a word.Mr. Day: That’s right. And when she did speak, I could hardly hear a word she was saying, she spoke so quietly?Ms. Mendose: Yeah. She was polite enough, I suppose... But another thing. She wasn’t very 5well dressed for an interview. I’m not sure she would know how to dress forthe job.Mr. Day: I agree. And she didn’t seem to understand half of our questions, either. She certainly gave some very strange answers when she did answer!Ms. Mendose: Ummm. OK. Good. I guess we have our receptionist, then, don’t you?Mr. Day: Yes, I think so. We’ll just offer the job to...。
听力教程第二册unit2听力原文
听⼒教程第⼆册unit2听⼒原⽂Unit 2Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Phonetics-Stress, Intonation and Accenta . It's on top of the bookcase.b. With milk, please.c. At five past one.d. At five past one.e. It's on top of the bookcase.f. With milk, please.Exercise:1.f2.c3.e4.b5.a6.dPart2 Listening and Note-takingRalph NaderRalph Nader is a man of few possessions. He owns very little and lives in a small apartment. He doesn't have a car or a TV set. He doesn't have many clothes and he doesn't care about money when he makes a lot of money, he gives it away. He doesn't smoke and he works from six in the morning until late at night, seven days a week: he is paying back to America his debt as a citizen.When he went to parties as a young man, people complained that all he talked about was the dangers of cars, and how bad car design caused the deaths of so many people each year. After he graduated from Harvard, he published an article entitled "Unsafe at Any Speed," which was about a car called Corvair. Later, he made a big attack on the car industry and showed how many deaths in car accidents were because of badly-made cars. He said new laws were needed to make cars safer. In 1966, because of Nader's work, a law was passed to make car safer.After this success, Nader became interested in something very different. This was thequality of meat and the amount of meat that is put into foods like sausages and hamburgers. A year later, in 1967, again because of Nader's work, a law was passed to ensure that products like sausages and hamburgers contained the right amount of meat. In 1968, three more laws were passed because of Nader's efforts. The first was to ensure the safety of gas pipelines -- these are the pipes that take gas across the country from one town to another. The second was to protect people from radiation --that is, the dangerous radiation which may leak from nuclear sources. The third was to ensure the proper standard of poultry -- that is, the chicken and turkey meat.Ralph Nader, now one of the most influential people in the United States, has set a wonderful example of what determined men and women can do to improve the quality of life in their country.Exercise A:1. Ralph Nader is a man of few possessions.2. He is paying back to America his debt as a citizen.3. He said new laws were needed to make cars safer.4. A law was passed to ensure that products like sausages and hamburgers contained the right amount of meat.5. Ralph Nader has set a wonderful example of what determined men and women can do to improve the quality of life in their country.Exercise B:Ralph NaderI.Ralph Nader, a man of few possessionsA. He owns very little and lives in a small apartment.B. He doesn't have a car or a TV set.C. He doesn't have many clothes.D. He doesn't care about money.II. His early efforts to make car saferA.He talked about the dangers of cars, and how bad car design causedthe deaths of so many people each year at parties.B.After he graduated from Harvard, he published an article entitled"Unsafe at Any speed.ter, he made a big attack on the car industry and showed howmany deaths in car accidents were because of badly-made cars.D. In 1966, because of Nader's work, a law was passed to make carssafer.III. His interests in something very differentA. The quality of meat and the amount of meat that is put into foods likesausages and hamburgersB. In 1968, three more laws were passed because of Nader's efforts.a. The first was to ensure the safety of gas pipelines.b. The second was to protect people from radiation.c. The third was to ensure the proper standard of poultry.IV. Ralph Nader. one of the most influential people in the United StatesA. He has set a wonderful example of what determined men andwomen can do to improve the quality of life in their country.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialoguesDialogue 1Give Them Time to Get to Know YouFather: Well, whose fault do you think it is, then?Daughter: I don't know.Father: It couldn't be yours?Daughter: What? That I feel lonely because I haven't any friends there?Father: No, that you haven't got any friends.Daughter: But I've told you! They're not very friendly there. They never talk to me!They just leave me alone.Father: But why?Daughter: How should I know?Father: Isn't it possible it's because you're not very friendly towards them? Daughter: What do you mean?Father: Have you talked to them? Have you tried to make conversation? Daughter: I've told you! They're not interested in talking to me.Father: How do you know?Daughter: Because ... for example ... at lunch time, they all sit together in v groups! Father: Yes, but why don't you sit with one of the groups?Daughter: Don't be silly. I couldn't. It would be awful!Father: why?Daughter: It just would. That's all.Father: How do you know?Daughter: I just do!Father: Well, you'll never make friends if you don't try, will you? I mean, you've got to meet them, too, at least half way. Daughter: It just wouldn't work!Father: You know what I think. I think you're just saying that because you're impatient.Daughter: Impatient? Me?Father: Yes, impatient. You always have been, ever since you were a child. If you don't get what you want immediately, you get depressed and you give up tooeasily!Daughter: Look, if you came with me some morning, you'd understand ...Father: You've only been there for four weeks. These things take time. Daughter: I know, but I still feel ...Father: Listen, give them time to get to know you ... and give yourself time get to know them, and things will change. Believe me!1.T2.T3.F4.T5.T6.TDialogue 2 GesturesNumber 1Woman: You know, a "nod" -- moving your head up and down -- means “yes” in most places, but not everywhere. Did you know that in Greece a nod means "no"? Man: It means "no" in Greece? I'm surprised.Number 2Man: I didn't know "raised eyebrows" means "yes" in Tonga. It means something very different in Peru.Woman: Yeah? What does it mean there?Man: Money. "Raised eyebrows" is a gesture for money in Peru.Woman: Hmm.Number 3Woman: Um, Alberto, you said that "tapping your head" means "I'm thinking" in Argentina.Man: That's right.Woman: You'd better be careful about using that gesture here in Canada. It means someone is crazy.Man: Oh, it means "crazy" in Canada? I didn't know that. I'll be careful.Number 4Man: You know, it's interesting that in the Netherlands, "tapping your elbow" means you can't depend on someone. In Colombia, they use the same gesture, but ithas a different meaning.Woman: What does it mean in Colombia?Man: Well, it means someone is cheap. That person doesn't like to spend money. Woman: Oh.Number 5Woman: Here's an interesting one. You know how "circling your head" means that a person's crazy?Man: Yeah.Woman: Guess what it means in the Netherlands.Man: The Netherlands? I have no idea.Woman: It means someone is calling on the telephone. You know, like dialing a phone. Man: That's interesting.Number 6Man: So "flicking your chin" means "go away" in Italy, rightWoman: Yes.Man: Guess what it means in Brazil.Woman: In Brazil? I don't know.Man: That's right.Woman: Huh?Man: In Brazil, "flicking your chin" means "I don't know."Woman: "I don't know" is the meaning?Man: Right.Number 7Woman: Well, everything is "thumbs up" for my trip to Nigeria. I've never been to Africa before. I'm really looking forward to it.Man: Ah, you'd better be careful with that expression in Nigeria.Woman: Huh?Man: Thumbs up. In Nigeria, it means ... um ... well, it has a very bad meaning.Don't use that gesture. It will get you into a lot of trouble.Woman: Oh, thanks for telling me.Number 8Man: You said "tossing your head" means "come here" for Germans? Woman: That's right. But there are some other meanings. In India, it means "yes."But it has the opposite meaning in Italy. In Italy it means "no."Man: Hmm, "yes" in India, "no" in Italy. Isn't it interesting how the same thing can have such different meanings? Woman: It sure is.Part 2 passagesWhy Shouldn't you Go by First Impressions?One shouldn't always go by* first impressions. In my hometown there lived a giant of a man with huge hands and a manner so fierce and unfriendly that he always sat alone in any public place. Yet to those who knew him, he was a kind and generous friend. In the same way one should never assume* that somebody who looks inoffensive is always going to behave in an inoffensive manner.Recently my young brother, who works for a famous American airline, was reminded of this truth. The plane was overbooked and for once all the passengers turned up. So my brotherhad the difficult task of choosing three passengers and informing them that they couldn't travel on the flight in question*. Knowing that the young are generally impatient and often aggressive, my brother chose three elderly travelers, an English couple and a little old American lady.The English couple accepted the situation and went to have a drink while waiting for the next flight. Then my brother approached the American lady, whose name was Mrs. Pepper, with a sad smile on his face, "Mrs. Pepper? May I have a few words? I'm afraid we have a problem.""A problem? What de you mean, we have a problem, young man?"“Would you like to come into the office” asked my brother, sensing that this was not going to be easy."Oh, very well, but only for a moment. I have a plane to catch, you know.""Er ... yes." My brother explained the position.The little lady looked at him with steely, blue eyes. "Young man," she said. "I don't believe you are aware that you are talking to Mrs Katherine Pepper, widow of General Arnold Pepper, of the United States Army Air Force and I'd like to inform you, further, that the President of your airline was a personal friend of the General's. In the circumstances I'd advise you to sort this out* right away, otherwise you're going to be in a lot of trouble. Do I make myself clear?" Exercise A:Appearances are often deceptive. In this passage, the two examples tell us the reason why we shouldn't go by first impressions.Exercise B:I.C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. BExercise C:1. To those who knew him, he was a kind and generous friend.2. The plane was overbooked and for once all the passengers turned up. So he had thedifficult task of choosing three passengers and informing them that they couldn’t travel on the flight in question.3. They had a very close relationship.4. Probably he would never trust his first impressions again.Part 3 NewsNews ltem 1The simultaneous* bombings of three underground trains and a double-decker bus in London three years ago are imprinted* on the minds of many people in Britain.But our memories of the attacks are unreliable, according to a study from Portsmouth University. 40% of British students questioned about the events remembered seeing CCTV footage* of the bus bomb - footage which never existed. A further 28% claimed to have seen a non-existent computerized reconstruction.Some even recalled specific details of the attacks, which none of them witnessed."Memories are not like videotape you can rewind and replay for perfect recall," said lead researcher James Ost. "Because of this, they are not reliable enough to form the basis of legal decisions."Exercise A:This news item is about the false memories that British people have about the attacks happened in London three years age. Exercise B:The simultaneous bombings of three underground trains and a double-decker bus in London three years ago are well remembered by many people in Britain.But our memories of the attacks cannot be trusted, according to a study from Portsmouth University. When questioned about the events 40% of British students remembered seeing CCTV footage of the bus bomb----footage which never existed. A further 28% claimed to have seen a non-existent computerized reconstruction. Some even recalled specific details of the attacks, which none of them witnessed. James Ost, the lead researcher, therefore concluded that memories are not reliable enough to form the basis of legal decision.News Item 2China begins three days of mourning for earthquake victims in Sichuan province, with a three-minute silence and half-mast flags.For three minutes a collective wail * was heard across the town of Beichuan as ° raid sirens* and car horns sounded the exact time when the earthquake hit China one week ago. Workers here laid wreaths* outsidethe town's school. At 2:28 in the afternoon, last Monday, it was engulfed* in a landslide*, hundreds of children died.To the side of the mourners, bodies lay waiting to be buried. Rescue work has resumed and two women were found alive here this morning, but these glimmers* of hope are increasingly rare. The aftershocks* continue.Exercise A:This news about the mourning for earthquake victims in Sichuan, ChinaExercise B:1.The Chinese people mourned the earthquake victims with a three-minute silence andhalf-mast flags.2.At 2:28 p.m., last Monday.3.Hundreds of children were killed in a landslide.4.The hopes of finding more people alive were increasingly rare.5.No, aftershocks continued.News Item 3Indonesia is expected to announce stronger security measures Wednesday after a deadly bombing in Jakarta*. At least 13 people were killed when a car bomb exploded near a hotel. 149 people were injured. The hotel is operated by a United States company. The governor of Jakarta said it was very likely that the bomber was killed in the attack. Indonesian President Megawati Sukarnoputri visited the damaged hotel. Buildings nearby also were damaged. Theexplosion comes 2 days before an Indonesian court decides the first case connected to the deadly bombings last year in Bali*. Those attacks killed 202 people.Exercise A:This news item is about the 2nd serious bombing that took place in Indonesia within 2 years.Exercise B:1. F2. T3. F4. F5. T6. TSection three oral worksRetellingAs Susan and her daughter Jenny walked around the park they were hounded by beggars. The girl was shocked when she saw a skeletal young beggar woman wrapped in a gray shawl*. Her eyes were sunken* and she held out a bony hand like she was receiving communion, As she did, her shawl fell away revealing a young child standing under it.Jenny just started throwing her money into that bony hand. Susan grabbed her before she could start taking off her jewelry, and the mother decided to have a talk with her about the beggars when they got back to the hotel.They boarded the return bus. They were stopped at a red light when Jenny stood straight up and screamed, "Mother? Susan went to her window and she pointed to a taxi next to the bus. There, in air conditioned comfort, sat the beggar woman with her child next to her, eating an ice cream cone.。
研究生英语听说教程(引进版)听力原文2(全)
TAPE SCRIPTLISTENING ATTACK STRATEGIES1. Using What You Already KnowEXERCISE 3Directions: Now, listen to a conversation between a worker and her boss. As you listen, look at your chart from Exercise 2 and circle the reasons and responses thatare similar.Gloria: Good afternoon Mr. Carson. Thank you very much for takingthe time to speak with me.Mr. Carson: I always make time for my best workers, Gloria. Please have aseat. What can I do for you today?Gloria: Well, as you know, I have been working here for about fifteenyears now. I really like this company, my job is interesting,and the working conditions are generally pretty good.Mr. Carson: I'm glad you feel that way. Whatever we can do to make ourworkers happy is important to us.Gloria: Well, now that you mentioned it, there is one thing that"would make my life a little easier.Mr. Carson: Yes?Gloria: I haven't had a raise in more than four years. And withinflation, it's really getting tough to make ends meet.Mr. Carson: Four years you say? Hmm.Gloria: Yes. And in that time, I have had at least three pei'formancereviews that have all been excellent. You say I'm doing a greatjob here, and I think my good work should be rewarded.练习三个方向：现在，听工人和老板之间的对话。
研究生英语听力第2章课本原文
Chapter Two Tape Script PART TWO MAIN DIALOGUE Exercise 11.W hat is the main idea of thisdialogue?2.W here do you think the dialogueis taking place?3.W hat is the relationship betweenthe speakers?4.H ow old do you think thespeakers are?5.H ow do you think each speakersounds (warm, cold, concerned,angry, and so on?)Emily: Okay, here’s the place.Vicky: The Multiple Organic Diner?Emily, do you really want to eat in this hole in the wall?Larry: Now, Vicky, Emily is trying to help us get back into shape.Besides, this place doesn’t look sobad. It’s a little dark maybe, but I’m sure it’s clean.Emily: That’s the spirit. Let’s take that table over thereVicky: I suppose there’s no smoking allowed in here.Emily: Of course not, big sister. This is a health food restaurant. Besides, I thought you said you were going to kick the habit. Vicky: Well, Emily, I’ve tried. But, every time I stop smoking, I gain ten pounds. I don’t think I’ll ever be able to give up smoking.Emily: But you’ll feel so much better when you do! I’ve been eating well and exercising every day.I run two miles every other day and play tennis every Sunday. I feel wonderful and everybody tells me I look great.Larry: Yeah, Vicky, I think Emily isright. By the way, where’s the waiter? I’d like to order a drink before we eat.Emily: Larry, it’s only three o’clock in the afternoon. Besides, health food restaurants don’t serve alcohol. Vicky: Wait a minute, Larry. I thought we agreed that you’d stop drinking if I quit smoking. Emily: I think you should both quit. Doesn’t this restaurant make you want to start living a healthy life? Why, just look at this menu. Everything they serve here is natural and nutritious.Larry: Never mind nutritious. What are the burgers like? I’m starving! Emily: Oh, Larry. You must know that hamburgers have a lot of fat and are high in calories.Vicky: And the doctor told you that you have to lower your cholesteroland lose at least 25 pounds. Smoking isn’t the only way to have a heart attack early if life, you know. I’m your wife and I’m too young to dress all in black!Larry: Don’t worry, dear, I’m not going to die any time soon. Besides, I’m going to start my new diet on Monday.Emily: That’s great. Larry, but I think the only real way to lose weight is to eat less and exercise more.Vicky: I agree with Emily. All you have to do is stop eating desserts and fried foods and no more alcohol.Larry: you know, maybe you’re right. Emily can help me plan a diet. Emily: And don’t forget the exercise. Why don’t you two come running with me. I’d love to have thecompany and we could play tennis together, too.Vicky: No, running hurts my knees.I think swimming would be the best exercise for me.Larry: Well, I don’t like swimming or running. But, I would like to get back into playing handball. I was a really good player when I was younger.Emily: Well, the important thing is that you two make some serious changes in your lifestyle. I’m really glad you’re going this. Now, let’s celebrate your decision by ordering a nice tall glass of carrot-onion juice.Vicky and Larry: Carrot-onion juice?!?Emily: Of course! It’s chock full of vim and vitality! I t’s rich in vitamins and minerals. There’svitamin C, B and of course A for the eyes.Larry: Wait a minute. Our diet doesn’t start until Monday. If we’re going to do any celebrating, I say we should go over to the Burger Palace and have a real celebration.Emily: But—Vicky: I’m with you, Larry. Come on, I’m starving. See you later, Emily.Exercise 4Narrator: 1. SentenceVicky: Emily, do you really want to eat in this hole in the wall?Narrator: Context:Vicky: Emily, do you really want to eat in this hole in the wall?Larry: This place doesn’t look so bad. It’s a little dark maybe, but I’m sure it’s clean.Narrator: Sentence:Vicky: Emily, do you really want to eat in this hole in the wall?Narrator: 2. Sentence:Emily: I thought you said you were going kick the habit.Narrator: ContextEmily: I thought you said you were going kick the habit.Vicky: Well, I’ve tried. But, every time I stop smoking, I gain ten pounds. I don’t think I’ll ever be able to give up smoking.Narrator: 2. Sentence:Emily: I thought you said you were going kick the habit.Narrator: 3. SentenceEmily: Everything they serve here is natural and nutritious.Narrator: Context:Emily: Doesn’t this restaurant make you want to start living a healthy life? Why, just look at this menu. Everything they serve here is natural and nutritious.Narrator: SentenceEmily: Everything they serve here is natural and nutritious.Narrator: 4. SentenceEmily: You must know that hamburgers have a lot of fat and are high in calories.Narrator: Context:Emily: You must know that hamburgers have a lot of fat and are high in calories.Vicky: And the doctor told you that you have to lower your cholesterol and lose at least 25 pounds.Narrator: SentenceEmily: You must know thathamburgers have a lot of fat and are high in calories.Narrator: 5. SentenceVicky: I’m too young to dress all in black.Narrator: Context:Vicky: I’m too young to dress all in black.Larry: Don’t worry, dear, I’m not going to die any time soon. Narrator: SentenceVicky: I’m too young to dress all in black.Narrator: 6. SentenceEmily: It’s chock full of vim and vitality!Narrator: Context:Emily: Now, let’s celebrate your decision by ordering a nice tall glass of carrot-onion juice.Vicky and Larry: Carrot-onion juice?!?Emily: Of course! I t’s chock full of vim and vitality! It’s rich in vitamins and minerals. There’s vitamin C, B and of course A for the eyes.Narrator: SentenceEmily: It’s chock full of vim and vitality!PART THREE EXPANSION Exercise 1C1.W hat is the shortest height andlowest weight for men on thischart?2.W hat is the heaviest weight forwomen on this chart?3.H ow much should a 5’4’’womanweigh?4.H ow much should a 5’11’’manweigh?5.W ho should weigh more: asmall-boned 5’5’’man, or a small-boned 5’7’’ woman?6.W ho should weigh more: asmall-boned 5’11’’man, or a large-boned 5’11’’ woman? Exercise 1D1.I’m small-boned like all of thewomen in my family. Well, to tell the truth, the men in my family areno giants either. I’m only 5’1’’ andI weigh 126 pounds.2.I’m 5’9’’. My weight goes between175 and 180. I try to eat healthy foods and get exercise, but I haveto travel a lot for my job, and whenI’m out of town, it’s very difficult to stay on my diet. I have a normalbuild.3.I’m 5’7’’ and I weigh 109 pounds. Iguess you can say that I have an average build; well, as average asI’m ever going to get! I have looked like this ever since I was a kid. And my mother used to make me wear short skirts with bright-colored tights. I looked just like Pippi Longstocking.4.I am 5’7’’and I am very proud to say that I weigh 130 pounds. I guess you could say that I’ve got a small build. Believe it or not, I used to weigh 169 pounds! Five years ago I went on a diet and lost more than 30 pounds. It was hard work, but I’m very pleased with the results.5.I’m 6’4’’and you’d be surprised how many times every day people ask me about my height. I like towering over the rest of the world, but sometimes it’s difficult finding suits and other clothing that fits. And there’s no way I could ever fitinto a sports car! I’m average build and I weigh about 170 pounds.6.I’m 5’2’’ and I weigh 140 pounds.I’m big-boned, but my bones are not as heavy as I like to think they are. I used to be skinny as a child,but age and laziness have madesome changes. And having five children sure didn’t help! Exercise 2B1.F ind vegetables. Which vegetablehas the highest number of calories?Which vegetable has the lowest number of calories?2.N ow, find Beverages. How manycalories are there in two cups oftea?3.L ook at Vegetables. How manycalories are there in twelve spearsof asparagus?4.L ook at Desserts and Snacks.Which has more calories: a slice of apple pie or a slice of chocolate cake?5.L ook at Meats and Poultry. How many calories are there in two hot dogs?6.L ook at Grains. Which has fewer calories: two cups of oatmeal or two slices of pizza?7.L ook at Beverages. Which is more fattening, a cup of coffee or a cup of orange juice?8.L ook at Fruit. Which has more calories: an apple or a banana?9.L ook at Miscellaneous Items. Which has fewer calories: a tablespoon of honey or a tablespoon of jam?10.Look at Grains. Which has fewer calories: a tuna sandwich on white bread or a tuna sandwich on a roll?Exercise 2CCustomer 1Yes, I’d like the Dieter’s Delight. Now, let’s see; it says that that comes with a half cup of cottage cheese, a sliced tomato, six spears of asparagus, and a cup of fresh pineapple. That doesn’t sound too bad. I don’t think I’ll have to worry about going over my calorie limit. Oh, and I’d also like a cup of coffee please—black with no sugar.Customer 2I think I’ll have the salmon and a baked potato…Oh, wait a minute; the last time I had the salmon it was a little too dry. Hmm…I don’t really feel like eating cod…Uh, well, tell you what; let me have the steak—medium-rate, please. Yeah, I don’t care if they say that red meat is badfor you. As a matter of fact, make the steak blood rare. A nice thick steak once in a while never hurt anybody. Of course, I’ll want a bake potato with my steak. I’d also like a beer, please.Customer 3I’d like a turkey sandwich on whole wheat, please. If you don’t mind, I’d like the bread lightly toasted. I don’t want any mayonnaise; please give me mustard—just a little mustard—instead. Hot mustard if you have it. Mustard is so much better for you than mayonnaise. It tastes just as good and has a fraction of the calories. I’ll have a glass of iced tea with two sugars as well, please. Customer 4Boy, I’m starved. All I’ve had today was some oatmeal and a banana. Letme have a couple of slices of pizza—no, make that three slices. Can I get a salad with that? No? Okay, then I think I’ll just have a slice of apple pie for dissert. Oh, and could you bring me a bottle of beer right away, please.Customer 5Do you stills serve those wonderful homemade fish sticks? You do? Those are the best in town! If I were hungry, I’d order some right now. I think I want something light; is there any chocolate cake left? No? I know that goes pretty fast. How about cookies; do you have any oatmeal cookies? Okay, I’d like two cookies and a glass of milk, please.PART FOUR FOCUS: CONDITIONALSExercise 11.Mary will go on a diet..2.John will reach his correctweight…3.If you join the exercise class,4.Maria will eat more fruits andvegetables…5.If Sally eats a lot of chocolatecake on her birthday,Exercise 21.I f Mary went on a diet,2.I f John reached his correct weight,3.Y ou would join the exerciseclass,…4.I f Maria ate more fruits andvegetables,5.S ally would eat a lot of chocolatecake on her birthday…Exercise 31.I would go running with you if Ihad stronger knees.2.Eddie’s health will improve if hequits smoking.3.If I lived near the park, I would gorunning every day.4.I will get in shape quickly if I joina health club.5.If Ling keeps abusing narcotics,the police will incarcerate her.6.If I only eat a salad, I’ll befamished later.7.If you practiced progressiverelaxation techniques, you would feel calmer.8.If fondue weren’t fattening, Iwould eat it regularly.9.If we don’t work out religiously,we’ll lose the battle of the bulge. 10.If you don’t stop noshing onthose cookies, you’ll need to shop for a new wardrobe.PART FIVE PRACTICEExercise 11.How much weight are youplanning to lose?2.Why should I cut down on mycheese consumption?3.Which one of these foods has thehighest number of calories?4.Shouldn’t you eat more fruit andvegetables?5.How often do you exercise?6.What’s nutritious about this food?7.How many calories of food areneeded to produce a pound of weight?8.Can you describe your sister,please?9.When are you starting your newdiet?10.What can Henry do to get backinto shape?Exercise 21.I f you didn’t work on Saturday, youcould play tennis with us.2.A plain hot dog has fewer caloriesthan a turkey sandwich with lots of mayonnaise.3.I have already lost 25 pounds, andwhen I lose 15 more, I will be atmy ideal weight.4.I f I join a health club, I’ll goswimming every day.5.G oldsmith’s Fitness Center is openon weekdays from noon to 6:00. 6.F rances smokes, her husband Daneats a lot of junk food, and theyboth hate to exercise.7.S ylvia got a very high score on thehealth survey.8.T he average American isoverweight for two major reasons.9.I f you had a job in a restaurant, youwould have to watch your weight.10.Tom’s stress level is very high. Exercise 3Conversation 1Pam: Hey, Eddie! Long time no see! Where have you been hiding? Eddie: Oh, hi, Pam. I was transferred to the west coast office for a year. Pam: Welcome back.Eddie: Thanks. What’s new with you? Pam: Oh, you know, the same old thing. Between work, Al, and the kids, I never seem to have enough time to come out here to jog.Eddie: Unfortunately, exercise is always the first thing we give up.Bell SoundEddie: You look like you haven’t been jogging in years.Pam: Excuse me?Eddie: I guess all those after school snacks are just taking their toll. You know, you’re much too young to be going to pot like this. How old are you anyway, 34 or 35?Pam: I don’t really think …Eddie: Because, the way you’re going, if you keep piling on the pounds you’ll be looking at some serious health problems down the line, not to mention all the money you’ll be spending on tent dresses!Pam: Yeah, well thanks for the pep talk, Eddie. I’ve got to go.Bell Sound Conversation 2Carl: I’m starving!Debbie: Me, too. So, what are you in the mood for?Carl: Hmm, let’s see; I think I’ll have the burger special with a side of cole slaw and a root beer.Bell SoundDebbie: Wait a second. I thought we were going to start our diets tody. Carl: yeah, that’s right.Debbie: So, shouldn’t you be going easy on the fat and cholesterol?Carl: I am.Debbie: You call a hamburger, cole slaw, and a soft drink good for you? Carl: Read the fine print, honey. The burger is made of vegetable tofu, the cole slaw has a yogurt dressing instead of mayonnaise, and the root beer is all natural without sugar.Bell SoundExercise 41.Question: How much does the Burnidoff program cost for one month?Announcer: Join the Burnidoff Diet Program Today! For just pennies a day, you too can look slim and trim and feel healthy and fit! Why, just listen to this satisfied Burnidoff customer:Carol: I lost 130 pounds in just nine months with the Burnidoff program. My husband says I look better now than the day we got married. And thatwas 35 years ago.Announcer: That’s what Burnidoff will do for you. Remember, just $50 per week. Call us at 555-3438 for more information. That’s 555-DIET. Call now.2.Questions: Which activities is the daughter involved in?Cathy: Oh, you have such lovely children!Christie: Why, thank you. We’re very proud of them.Cathy: They look healthy and athletic. Are they involved in school sports? Christie: Yes, they are. My son, Don, is on the high school swim team. Of course he also lifts weights—they all have to do that as part of their training. Cathy: He does look quite strong. So does your daughter Patricia. I bet she’s a dancer. Is she studying ballet? Christie: No, actually she’s captain ofthe basketball team. She also enjoys bike riding.Cathy: I wish my children were as interested in fitness as yours.3.Question: What is Jerry worried about?Jerry: Paula, I’ve decided I’ve got to stop smoking.Paula: OH, Jerry, I’m really happy. You know smoking is so dangerous for your health. Just weeks after you stop, you’ll feel a big difference.Jerry: Yeah, well I’m a little afraid that I might gain a lot of weight. They say that you eat a lot more from nerves when you stop smoking.Paula: Listen, just get involved in some exercise program and it will help you relax. I didn’t gain any weight when I stopped smoking.Jerry: That’s true. You didn’t seem to have a lot of trouble at all.Paula: Well, it was difficult, but I made up my mind that I had to do it if I wanted to stay healthy and live to be old enough to see my grandchildren grow up.Jerry: I’m not worried about my health at all. I haven’t been smoking that long, and besides, I’m as healthy as a horse. I just can’t stand nonsmokers always asking me to leave the room. And it’s becoming more difficult to smoke if you want to go almost anywhere in public.Paula: Well, Jerry, I think that’s good. It’s getting you to stop smoking and you know that it can only be good for your health.Exercise 51.I love running, swimming and jogging.2.Y ou must score 89 to 100 points to get an A.3.D on’t eat those cookies. Have an apple instead.4.T he Market Avenue Gym is small and dirty.\5.K enny has red hair just like his mother.6.A ll right everybody. Down to the ground. Touch your toes.7.E ven though Ms. Johnson is 85 years old, she still swims, volunteers at the day care center, and works part time.8.M y doctor told me I had to quit drinking tea and coffee.9.H azzar’s Steakhouse has the biggest portions in the city.10.Ann’s husband died last year.11.。
研究生英语 听力原文人大听力1-2
Unit 1Section Conversational SkillsDirections: Listen to a lecture on how to be a good conversationalist. Make notes to complete the outline below.Have you wished you were better at making a conversation? A great conversationalist is someone who connects with people and makes them feel important. When they talk to you, they make you feel like you're the only person in the room.Becoming a good conversationalist requires knowing three things: first, how to start a conversation; second, how to keep it going; and third, how to end it.Starting a conversation usually means coming up with an opening line or ice breaker. The best kind of ice breaker is one that's positive. A compliment is always a good ice breaker and will usually be appreciated. Any news event is a good ice breaker. The fact is, any opening line will do, as long as it's not negative, and as long as it's not a lie. The best way to entice a person to have a conversation with you is by being sincere and respectful, and letting them know that you are interested in talking to them.Once you've got a conversation going, the best way to keep it going is by asking the other person questions that don't require just a yes or no answer. Ask questions similar to those a reporter might ask to draw a person out; who, what, when, where, why and how questions. You keep asking questions based on the last thing a person says. This is called the "elaboration technique". Once you hit on something you find interesting, keep asking questions in order to get the person to elaborate about the topic as much as possible. A good conversationalist elaborates on the experiences they've had. Instead of saying the party was fun, tell why it was fun. Describe why you had a good time—who was there, what happened, where it was, and how people arranged the party. Go into detail. Description is the best form of communication because it keeps people's interest up and stimulates them.If you started a conversation with another person, and you're having difficulty ending it, there are several signals you can send to the other person that will bring the conversation to its close without hurting anyone's feelings.Breaking eye contact is a discreet signal that the conversation is about to end. Another way to signal is to use transition words like well, or at any rate. You may want to recap all that was said. Whatever you do, don't lie to the other person. If you're not interested in talking to them again, don't mention the possibility of a future meeting just to be polite. That's hypocritical. Instead, you may want to say, "Nice meeting you." And then, leave.Finally, be sure to give the other person a good, firm handshake. The final impression you make can be just as important as the initial one you made.Part III Listening Comprehension TestDirections:In this section, you will hear ten short conversations about occupations, locations and relationships between two speakers. After you have heard each conversation, try to choose the best answer.l. W: Did you go to the lecture given byAlan Shepherd from NASA yesterday?M:Yes. And I was very interested in it. 1 hope that someday I can travel to the outer space myself.Q; Who is Alan Shepherd according to the conversation?2. M: I keep hearing the name Lucky Bumper. He sounds like a terrible person. Who ishe?W; He isn't a real person. There is a TV show called "All in the Family". Lucky Bumper is the father.Q: Who is Lucky Bumper?3. M: Don't worry about the meter ma'am. It's broken. I'll charge you a flat two dollars for the ride.W: If the traffic is this every day, it's worth twice as much.Q: What is the man's profession?4. W: I'm glad you could come today. The drain became stopped up yesterday afternoon.M: Don't worry. I'll have it open for you in no time.W: What is die man?5.W: Would you mind sending champagne and strawberries to my room at 1 a.m., please?M; I'll try, Mam, but on Wednesday the kitchen staff leave at midnight.Q: Where does the conversation probably take place?6. M: Before Sam built his house, he was living on a boat; and then in a tent.W: Don't forget that just before he moved in, he stayed at the hotel.Q: Where did Sam live first?7. M; Mrs. Smith, the heating in our apartment is broken again- It's freezing up here. W: I'm sorry to hear that, Mr. Reed. I'll get someone to fix it right away.M: We pay our rent on time every month, but there is always something wrong with the apartment.W: I'm sorry you've been disturbed. I'll try to change new heaters for you this time. Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?8. M: Well, we need some temporary labor in our packing department. Just for a shorttime; but the job will be rather monotonous.Unit 2Section Q American EtiquetteDirections:Listen to a talk on American etiquette on certain social occasions. At the end of the talk, there will be three questions. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given for each question.In general, it's polite to say "Congratulations!" (with a lot of enthusiasm) whena person has accomplished something- Examples of these kinds of occasions include graduation, Job promotion, the birth of a child, and the purchase of a home. When congratulations are in order, it is sometimes also appropriate to give a gift, especially when invited to a birthday, graduation, wedding, or anniversary party.An invitation may say RSVP on the bottom, an abbreviation that refers to a French expression meaning "respond, please". If the invitation says, "RSVP regrets only," respond by mail or by phone only if you cannot come.Equal attention must be given to good manners on sad occasions. If a coworker, classmate, or neighbor experiences a death in the family, it is appropriate to express sympathy. In doing so, the words die or death should be avoided. It is best to simply say, "1 was so sorry to hear about your loss." It's also customary to send a sympathy card, but if you don't know the mourner's religion, be sure to select a card without religious symbols. Most customs regarding mourning relate to the family's religion and vary from one group to another, so don't send flowers or food unless you know it's appropriate.The simple words "I'm sorry" display good manners in a great many difficult social situations. "I'm sorry" has two main uses: (1) to express sympathy to someone who has had a bad experience; (2) to express regret for bothering someone or causing a problem. Other expressions of apology are "Excuse me" and "Pardon me". Use one of these expressions when you are trying to get out of a crowded elevator or stopping a stranger to ask directions.Question 1: According to the talk, on what occasions is it especially appropriate to give a gift?Question 2: When you receive an invitation which says RSVP, what are you expected to do?Question 3: Which of the following behaviors is appropriate for you when you hear your friend experiences a death?Part III Listening Comprehension TestDirections:In this section, you will hear ten short conversations about offer and request between two speakers. After you have heard each conversation, try to choose the best answer.1. M: Would you care for a biscuit?W: Not just at the moment, thank you. I'd rather have another piece of cake if I may.Q: What does the woman want now?2. W: How annoying! I can't figure out a solution to this problem. Can you helpme?M: Well, I'm afraid I can't at the moment.Q: What does the man mean?3. W: What can I do for you, gentleman? Maybe you like this suit, because the colormatches your skin and it is the latest fashion.M: Yes, it's really a good suit and it's of good color. But I Just walk around and watch. Thank you just the same.Q: What did the man accept?4. W: Your garden is too dry, and it needs water. Let me give you a hand to waterthe flower first.M: The garden is dry and I'm drier, would you fetch me some water please?Q: What did the man offer?5. M: The room is too stuffy, let me turn on the ventilator for you and air the room. W: Yes, it's too smoky here and I can hardly breathe.Q: If the woman accepts the man's offer, what will the man do?6. M: What's the matter?W; I have heard some strange engine noise when I'm driving 30 miles per hour.M: Why don't you call the Car Talk program provided by the radio station? They can help you.Q: What is Car Talk about according to this conversation?7. W: The bus is so crowded, jammed like sardines. Oh, my God'M: But can I offer you my seat? I'm getting off here.Q: What do we learn from this conversation?8. W: Let me get you some soft drinks, what would you like to have, Coca-Cola orsoda?M: It makes no difference actually, but I'd like to have the latter if you don't mind.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?9. M: There will be a cold spell tomorrow. The news was too bad. It spoils all ourholiday plan.W: Just cheer up! We might as well do something to make it up by touring the downtown part,Q: What did the woman suggest?10. M: May I help you madam? The skirt matches your blouse all right. And it'ssurely better than the mini one.W: But I tried it on a moment ago, and I didn't like it very much.Q: What did the man suggest the woman do?。
研究生听说教程Unit_2_listenging
1. Big business, amazing 2. Doubtful 3. The more tourists can mix with local people, the better off everyone is.
B Listen to the passage again and choose the best answer to each question you hear.
BDA
③ Listening to English news A Listen to the following news about the annual tree-lighting ceremony in New York City and fill in the blanks with what you hear. Vocabulary
?vocabulary?cub幼兽?ranger美国有深林护林员国家公园管理员?yellowstonenationalpark美黄石国家公园?oldfaithful老忠实间歇泉1
Unit 2 Happy Holiday
A Listen to a television commercial for popular vacation places. Complete the following chart with the information you hear. Vocabulary charter flight 包机 Bermuda 百慕大群岛 waters 海域 Amazon 亚马逊河
② Listening to a passage A Chunk is expressing his opinion on tourism. Listen to his talk carefully. After that, some questions will be asked about what has been said in the passage. Write down a short answer to each question. 1. What does Chunk think of today’s tourism industry? 2. What attitude does Chunk sometimes hold towards what the tour companies say? 3. What is Chunk’s view on local people and their customs?
中科大综合英语听力教程Unit 2
U n i t T w o Life and SuccessPart I Schooling and Growing-upTask 3Directions: Listen to the following passage about the influence of television on children. The passage will be read only once. After listening, choose the best answer from the four suggested choices marked A, B, C, andD to each of the questions you hear.Children in the United States are exposed to many influences other than that of their families. Television is the most significant of these influences, because the habit of watching television usually begins before children start attending school. And, by the time that the average child finishes high school, he or she will have spent 18,000 hours in front of a television set as opposed to 12,000 hours in a classroom.Parents are concerned about these figures. They are also concerned about the lack of quality in television programs for children. The degree of violence in many of these shows also worries them. Even if it is unreal--a cartoon cat beating up a cartoon mouse with a baseball bat--this violence may have a negative effect on the young minds exposed to it. Studies indicate that, when children are exposed to violence, they may become aggressive or insecure.Parents are also concerned about the commercials that their children see on television. Manyparents would like to see fewer commercials during programs for children. And some parents feel that these shows should not have any commercials at all because young minds are not mature enough to deal with the claims made by advertisers.Educational television has no commercials and has programs for children that many parents approve of. The most famous of these is "Sesame Street," which tries to give preschool children a head start in learning the alphabet and numbers. It also tries to teach children useful things about the world in which they live.Even though most parents and educators give "Sesame Street" and shows like it high marks for quality, some critics argue that all television, whether educational or not, is harmful to children. These critics feel that the habit of watching hours of television every day turns children into bored and passive consumers of their world rather than encouraging them to become active explorers of it.Questions:1.What is this passage mainly about?2.At what time does the habit of watching television usually start?3.How many hours have American children spent watching television when they finish high school?4.Why do some parents feel television shows shouldn't include any commercials?5.What kind of program is "Sesame Street"?6.Why do some critics think that all television is harmful to children?1. A. Television programs in the United States are of low quality.B. Watching too much television is undesirable for children.C. The degree of violence in television programs is too high.D. There shouldn't be any commercials on television.2. A. Before children finish high school.B. Before children start high school.C. Before children start attending kindergarten.D. Before children start attending school.3. A. 12,000 B. 20,000 C. 18,000 D. 80,0004. A. Because children are not mature enough to deal with the claims made by advertisers.B. Because children will become aggressive and insecure.C. Because children will be distracted from their studies.D. Because children will be more willing to watch them.5. A. Violent B. Commercial C. Military D. Educational6. A. Because children will become bored and passive.B. Because children will be unwilling to go to school.C. Because children will use violence at school.D. Because children will become lazy and useless.In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition of each new skill—the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child’s own happiness.As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality. Also parents should realize that “example is better than precept”. If they are not sincere and do not practice what they teach, their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. A sudden awareness of a big difference between their parents’ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.Questions:1.What does every parent eagerly want his/her child to acquire, according to the speaker?2.What consequences might occur if parents push the child beyond his/her natural learning rate?3.What should parents do in the learning process of children?4.What does this passage say about parental restrictions on children?5.What is very important in parental teaching, according to the speaker?6.What should parents do as to the development of moral standards in the growing child?Task 3Directions: You are going to listen to a passage about parental teaching. The passage will be read only once. After listening, you are expected to choose the best answer from the four suggested choices marked A, B, C,and D to each of the questions you hear.1. A. New skills.B.Independence.C.Moral values.D.Learning aptitude.2. A. The child might lose natural enthusiasm for life.B.The child might have dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry.C.The child might have a desire to find out new things for himself.D.The child might feel unhappy about his/her parents.3. A. T hey should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read.B.They should not expect too much of their children.C.They should create as many learning opportunities as possible.D.They should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own.4. A. They are for the benefit of the children alone.B.They reflect the morals of parents.C.They represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community.D.They greatly affect the child’s own happiness.5.A. Instruction.B.Consistency.C.Strictness.D.Patience.6. A. They should observe the rules themselves.B.They should be aware of the marked difference between adults and children.C.They should forbid things which have no foundation in morality.D.They should ensure the security of their children.Part III Competition and ChallengeTask 3Directions: You are going to listen to a passage about musical prodigies. The passage will be read only once. After listening, you are expected to choose the best answer from the four suggested choices marked A, B, C,and D. to each of the questions you hear.Violin prodigies, I learned, have come in distinct numbers from distinct regions. Most of the great performers in the late 19th and early 20th centuries were born and brought up in Russia and Eastern Europe. I asked Issac Stern, one of the world’s greatest violinists the reason for this phenomenon. “It is very clear,” he told me. They were all Jews and Jews at the time were severely oppressed and ill-treated in that part of the world. They were not allowed into the professional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage.” As a result, every Jewish parent’s dream was to have a child in the music school because it was a passport to the West.Another element in the emergence of prodigies, I found is a society that values excellence in a certain field to nurture talent. Nowadays, the most nurturing societies seem to be in the Far East. In Japan, a most competitive society, children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields, including music. When Western music came to Japan after World War II, that music not only became part of their daily lives, but it became a discipline as well. The Koreans and Chinese as we know, are just as highly motivated as the Japanese.That’s a good thing, because even prodigies must work hard. Next to hard work, biological inheritance plays an important role in the making of a prodigy.Questions:1.Where were most of the great musicians born and brought up in the late 19th and the early 20th centuries?2.Who was Issac Stern?3.Why did Jewish parents long for their children to attend music school?4.What contributes to the emergence of musical prodigies according to the passage?5.What else plays an important role in the making of a prodigy, according to the passage?6.What is this passage mainly about?1. A. In America.B.In Russia and Eastern Europe.C.In Japan.D.In the Far East.2. A. A musical prodigy.B.A great pianist.C.A great violinist.D.A music instructor.3. A. Because it would allow them access to a better life in the West.B.Because Jewish children are born with excellent musical talent.C.Because they wanted their children to enter into the professional field.D.Because it would enable the family to get better treatment in their own country.4. A. Musical Environments.B.Extensive knowledge of music.C.A prejudice-free society.D.Very early training.5.A. The learning of Western music.B.Biological inheritance.C.Variety in academic studiesD.All-round development.6. A. Jewish contribution to music.B.Training of musicians in the world.C.Music and society.D.The making of prodigies.。
研究生英语听说教程听力原文
上册U1WDo you remember your favorite hobbies when you were a child? What do those mean to you? Luther , Sarah , and William are discussing their childhood hobbies。
Luther: My hobby is stamp collecting. I started at the age of six, and I’ve been collecting stamps ever since. Stamps are tiny but amazing. They're miniature works of art, covering just about every subject you can think of. Sometimes stamps are worth more as they get older, and I guess that's one of the reasons they are treasured by many collectors.Sarah: When I was a little girl, my friends were fond of dolls or cartoons, but I just loved yard work. My house had a big yard, which I regarded as my fantasy world. I helped my grandmother mow the lawn and spread fertilizer. Actually was a little bit lazy in my schoolwork but never in yard work. Some of my friends said it was an activity that only retired people took up. I didn’t mind. I enjoyed making my yard beautiful and I enjoyed sweating after a whole days work. It's good for my health. Maybe I’ll spend most of my time in the yard after I retireWilliam: Transformers! Optimus Prime and Megatron! Those robots from the 1980s that would turn into cars and planes. That’s why I became a mechanical designer. Few people can claim to be as big a fan of Transformers as I am. I have an entire room in my house dedicated to them, over 700 Transformers from every generation, as well as many posters and tons of other collectible items. Transformer collecting is not just a hobby to me--they're a way of life.U1PThe other morning, I overheard a nine-year-old boy complain: “We don’t want that nerd in our soccer team. We are so ashamed that he doesn’t know a goal-kick from a head-shot. As it happens the "nerd" was my son. I'm sorry, Son, I guess I blew it. My son didn’t receive serious instruction as other boys did. In my day, when we played baseball, it didn’t matter if any of us played terribly; we weren’t out to slaughter the other team. To us, sports were just a way of having a good time.I enjoy singing badly and drawing badly. I'm not ashamed of my incompetence in these areas.I do one or two other things well, but I'd always like to try something new which I don’t have to be good at. Unfortunately, doing things badly has gone out of style. In today’s competitive world we have to be experts even in hobbies.if you pull on your gym shoes and jog around the block once in a while, you' l be laughed at by the so-called "serious runners" -the ones who run 20 miles or more a week in their 50-dollar jogging suits and fancy shoes. As far as they are concerned, if you don’t have the latest shoes, you are embarrassing yourself. And going dancing no longer means putting on a pretty dress and doing a few turns on Saturday night. Nowadays, dancing means squeezing into tights sweating through five hours of ballet and four hours of jazz classes and then dance like a beautiful swan to make others obsessed. It seems that we pay too much attention to self-improvement, even with hobbies. I don’t think hobbies bring as much fun as they used to.Let's draw for drawings sake. Let's sing for singings sake. We are talking about recreation and the activities we enjoy. We take up those because they are for our pleasure.上册U3WWe usually think that school is the only place where people get an education. However, what we get from school is just a small part of what we learn. Education includes both formal learning at school and informal learning in society. So education is much broader than schooling.Education can take place anywhere, whether in the street or at a party. Likewise, educators can be anyone, ranging from an elderly woman in the neighborhood to a young reporter on TV.The general patterns of teaching at school always remain relatively the same. Students arrive at school at the set time and take the assigned courses. The learning materials and the tests used at school are limited. We know what we can get from school education, but we can never give a full picture of what we can expect from education. For instance, while travelling if you have a chat with a local shopkeeper, you may discover more about local culture.Education starts from the moment a person is born. It lasts for a lifetime and becomes part of his / her life.上册U3PLike most students at Fort Hays State University, Nola Ochs plans to spend some time reading and studyi ng during this week’s fall break. But she’ll take time out on Wednesday to celebrate her 95th birthday.Ochs is living on campus while pursuing her degree in theology at the university. She has about 15 hours of classes to take next semest er to get her bachelor’s degree. If she does it, Ochs will beThe Guinness Book of World Records oldest college graduate. But it will also be the culmination of a lifetime of learning. She started at Fort Hays in 1930, when it was known as Kansas State Teachers College. In the 1970s, she took classes part-time at a community college and completed a few virtual classes on the Internet before deciding to attend classes this semester.On Friday, her family and fellow classmates will throw her a birthday party. Her son, Alan Ochs, flew in from Jetmore for the occasion. Her granddaughter, Alexandra Ochs, didn’t have to travel as far--she's in the same class as her grandmother. After the party Alan Ochs will take his mother home for Thanksgiving break. We’re happy to get her back home for a while, he said. "We missed having her out there, especially through the fall harvest.”Though Nola is amused by her potential status as the world's oldest graduate, she said she’s more excited about getting to walk at the graduation ceremony with her granddaughter.上册U5WIn my recent travels to West Africa, I came to see how much in need so many people are in this part of the world. Infectious disease and poverty kill more people than those who die in the continuing bloody conflicts. We live in a world filled with conditions that cry out for others to help.What can you do in a world that needs such help? Serving and volunteering, whether in your community or in a developing country overseas, is a wonderful way to fill real human needs. Being involved in serving others and true humanitarian causes can offer you experience and contact with others that will help you through the rest of your life. The biggest benefit is that you have a direct impact on helping other human beings.We should remember that serving the needs of the despondent of this world is a very worthy cause. Doing good, one act at a time, one person at a time, is an important part of being a light in a world of darkness and preparing for a greater cause in the future.U5PI was being interviewed by a senior manager for a major insurance company. I honestly said that the principal reason for my interview with them was my need to keep my family in Boston. My wife of 26 years had recently died. A job in Boston would help me reduce the extreme pain of the loss for my 16-year-old daughter, since it's important to keep her in her present school.I could still barely talk about the loss of my wife. Bruce, the interviewer, was politely empathetic, but he didn’t probe any further. He acknowledged my loss and, with great respect, moved on to another subject.After the next interview Bruce took me to lunch and asked me to take a walk with him. He told me that he, too, had lost his wife of 20 years. In his sharing, I realized that he had experienced the same pain as mine-a pain almost impossible to explain to someone who had not lost a loved one. He offered his business card and home phone number and suggested that, should I need someone to talk to. I should feel free to call him.Whether I got the job or not, he wanted me to know that he was there if I ever needed help.From that one act of kindness, when he had no idea if we would ever see each other again, he helped our family deal with one of life’s greatest losses. He turned the normally cold business interview process into an act of caring and support for another person in a time of extreme need.下册U1WEdmund inspects houses for a living. His job is to find hidden problems in houses that are being sold.Once when he was inspecting a property In New Hampshire, he came across some old papers--and four bank deposit bags in a drawer.Edmund unzipped a bag and found several $ 100 bills. He opened the second bag, and there were still more 100 bills. He didn’t bother unzipping the third or fourth. He called out to the property agent. He had us come in and get it. He didn’t want anything to do with it said Lewis, the agent. He could just as well have put it in his pocket.Lewis finally got in touch with the previous owner. The grand total in the drawer was right at $ 20, 000.One of the heirs to the estate sent Edmund a $ 50 reward. But he honest inspector immediately said that money would go to a charity. When people asked him if it crossed his mind to take the money, he said he never even thought about it. That’s the nature of my business, he said. You're in people’s houses. There’s no room for crooks there.下册U1PI had a teacher in high school many years ago whose husband unexpectedly died suddenly ofa heart attack. About a week after his death, she shared some of her insight with us. With a gentle look of reflection on her face , she paused and said , Before class is over , I would like to share with you a thought that is unrelated to class , but which I feel is very important. Each of us is put here on earth to learn, share, love, appreciate and give of ourselves. And none of us knows when this fantastic experience will end. It can be taken away at any moment. So we must make the most out of every single day.”Her eyes began to water, she went on, “So I would like you all to make me a promise. From now on, on your way to school or on your way home, find something beautiful to notice. It doesn’t have to be something you see. It could be a scent, or a sound of the breeze. Please, look for these things, and cherish them. These things are the stuff of life. We must make it important to notice them, for at any time, it can all be taken away.”The class was completely quiet. Then we filed out of the room silently. That afternoon, I noticed more things on my way home than I had that whole semester. Every once in a while, I think of that teacher and remember what an impression she made on all of us and I try to appreciate all of those things that sometimes we all overlook. For as we get older, it is not the things we did that we often regret, but the things we didn’t do.下册U2PYou’ve heard the expression , " What you see is what you get My grandfather used to say : " If you looked at a tree long enough , it will move . " We see what we want to see. Psychologists tell us that nothing controls our lives more than our self-image. We live like the person we see in the mirror. We are what we think we are. If you don’t think you‘ll be successful, you won’t. Your life is limited to your vision. If you want to change your life, you must change your vision of your life.Arnold Schwarzenegger was not that famous in 1976 when he met with a newspaper reporter. The reporter asked Schwarzenegger Now that you’ve retired from bodybuilding, what do you plan to do next? Schwarzenegger answered I’m going to be the No.1 movie star in Hollywood. The reporter was shocked and amused at Schwarzenegger’s plan. At that time, it was very hard to imagine how this muscle-bound bodybuilder, who was not a professional actor and who spoke poor English with a strong Austrian accent could ever hope to be Hollywood's movie star.When the reporter asked Schwarzenegger how he planned to make his dream come true, Schwarzenegger said: “I’ll do it the same way I became the No.1 bodybuilder in the world. What I do was create a vision of who I want to be, then I start living like that person in my mind as if it were already true. Sounds almost childishly simple, doesn’t it? But it worked! Schwarzenegger becomes the No.1 highest paid movie star in Hollywood Remember: "If you can see it, you can be it.A successful businessman I kn ow wears a shirt with these words on it: "Don’t just pursue your dreams. Chase some down and tackle them! "You only get one life to live, so why not live the best life possible? So you can be fully satisfied at what you see and get.下册U10WAmericans are working longer and longer hours. The result is the record levels of burnout, stress, and depression. We have the shortest vacations in the industrialized world. With laptops and cell phones, the workplace barges into your home, your weekends, and even your vacations.Joe Robinson established the Work to Live campaign to change things for the better. And in his book Take Back Your Time, he shows what you can do to make a change in your life--so that you’ve actually got one.Negotiate a longer vacation and less overtime.Set clear boundaries between work and home and get more time for persona life.Resist pressure from the company and the culture to overwork.Rediscover the outside world and enjoy friends, family, hobbies and travel.Create your Personal Life List.Businesses give their equipment "downtime “for maintenance rest, and refueling. Why notthe same for you? It's time to stand up for your rights and claim a happy, healthy balance between your work and your life.下册U10PDoes this scenario sound familiar to you? You love your work and are responsible for multiple tasks assigned to you. Or you own your own business. Your work hours are long, your at-home hours short and your sleep hours few. Vacations and visits with friends are a distant memory. Your only hobby is your job.It's pretty likely that you're a workaholic. Workaholics live for their work, often spending many extra hours at work, and often taking work home to complete. Americans are typically a work-hard culture but when work becomes the sole reason for one's existence the issue becomes critical.Part of the matter is societal. Americans are working more hours per week than in years past. With all the downsizings, more and more workers are putting in extra hours to complete the work and don’t even bother to take vacations for fear that they may lose the job if they do.Part of the matter is technological. We live and work in a connected environment--e-mails, fax machines, and cell phones making it hard for workers to get time away from their work.Part of the matter is financial. Whether it is how more and more of us mistakenly define success in financial terms or the fact that many Americans must work multiple jobs simply to earn a living wage and keep their families out of poverty, we are working more and more for money.Regardless of the reasons, workaholism can be a serious condition that can lead to the decline and destruction of families. as well as to serious stress-related health problems . When work becomes the sole reason for being, when it becomes the only thing that truly makes us happy, it is time for intervention. And do not confuse hard work for workaholism. Hard workers know the boundaries between work and personal times and can function normally when not at work, while workaholics have no personal time and can’t function well outside of work.So, are you a workaholic? A workaholic probably would not take the time to enjoy this article.。
研究生英语朗文听说教程听力+答案
Unit 2 English: a global languageToday's topic is English as a global language. I know many of you who speak English as a second language,right? How about you, H~? Is English your first language?H:No. My first language is Japnese. English is my second language.And how about you, P~?P: English is my second language,too. My first language is Spanish.See, many of you use English as a second language, even as a global language to communicate with other people who speak English as a second language.Today I want to give you two cantrasting points of view on whether or not English is a global language. First is that English is obvious a glabal language, people who support this point of view believe English is the language of people all over the world used to communicate, and that it is gradually replacing other languages. The second point of view is that English is not truely a global language because it is not the main language spoken by most people word wide. Suporters of this view say that even though many people speak some English world wide, English has not replaced other languages. They ackonwledge that people use English every day for many reasons, but this doesn't mean English is replacing other languages, not make English the main language spoken in the world.First,let's exam the first view. First of all, English is the dominated language of business, travel and sciences. When people need a common language, they often use English. Think about it, English is often used that touriest imformation setters, in international hotels, at airports. If you use a taxi in Rome, and you can't speak Italian, the taxi driver is more likely to use English than any other languages. It is used at business meetings and international sports events. The European Union uses English along with French at its meetings. ACN, the Asian Trade Group, uses English at its meetings. Can you think of other situation in which English is used as a common language?P: How about this class? All of us are listening to you in English.Absolutely, educational settings a great example. Any others?P:How about the chatroom on the internet? I sometimes go to chatroom, seems everyone uses English. Excellent example! The internet has creat a lot of international communities and people often use English. In fact, most people who use the internet know English. This helps to support the view English is a global language.The second major reason that people believe English is a global language is that it is the offical language of more than 75 countries. This means these countries use English in schools, banks, business and govenment. Of these 75 countries, English may be the only offical language of the country like in England, or English may be used along with other offical languages, like in Filipine, Singapore and India. In country like in India, where so many languages were spoken, you can see how using English as an offical language make it easier for people to communicate. The third reason to support the global arguement is that every year about 1 billion people study English. Why? Why are some of the reasons? P~,how about you?P: Well, now to study ,and some day, I want to be in the international business.That's a solid reason,How about you? A~?A: I'm not really sure. I just think it will help me in the future somehow.OK. There is more general reason. The point is people want and need to learn English because it offers them opportunities. To sum up, English is used everyday by many people. People all over the world coming contact with each other for many reasons. The need a common language, a languge to facilitate communication. Being proficient in English give someone an advantage in these situations.OK, I have given you many examples of how English is used in a variety of situations. Nevertheless, does this mean that English is a global language? lets look at why some people don't believe English has replaced other languages.First, there are about 3 times as many people who speak Chinese as their first language as those who speak English as their first language. As in many coutries, where some people use English for work each day, they don't use Enlish anywhere else. Even in an English speaking country, there are millions of people who perfer to speak a language other than english at home with friends or at work.Second, I mentioned before,that 75 countries had English as their offcial language. This doesn't mean all or even most of the people in these countries can speak English. e.g, In India, most (s ) agree that only about 5% of the population speak English. That's a small persentage. Third, how much English does a person need to know to be called an English speaker? People may learn some English for specific situation, such as the taxi driverd I mentioned ealier. However, I think you would all agree with me that a taxi driver who knows a few phrases like "where are you going" or "what is the name of your hotel" isn't really a proficient English speaker. Another example is, Airspeak, the English that is used by aircraft controll in pilots, a pilot from their lines or aircraft control need to know airspeak ,but they may only learn the words they need for these jobs ,and therefore they cannot be considered as English speakers. The point here is that people all over the world may use English for work or other situations, nevertheless, this doesn't mean they are fluent in English. They still use their first language for daily communication, English is not their main language. So, what does this all mean? I think it's safe to say that English will continue to be the main language used in many international settings because as I said earlier, people all over the world need a common language. And for now, English is that language. But English would replace other languages for most daily communication, and this to me is what a global language really is. One that replaces others for most everyday communication. Some people are afraid of this. They worry that as people use English more and more, their ability in their fist language will decline, I think people will use English along with other languages. We are moving into a global culture, and as this continues, I think people from non-English speaking countries will want to maintain their culture including their first language, they may still want to learn English, but I don't see them to give up their own language for English. What do you think? I'm gonna stop there. I know that's a lot of imformation to digest. we'll continue talking about some of the diffrences in English words used in vary countries in Austrilia,Singapore and Filipine.Unit 3 High Anxiety: Phobiasgood afternoon! Today we are going to turn to a new topic in psychology and start looking at some specific psychological problems. There are a variety of mental problems that can affect us in our daily lifes. some are serious, like a fear of cats, or of insects, others are more serious. Now, as a psychologist, we try to study this different problems and find ways to help people.I want to start the discussion by talking about faily very common psychological problem, a phobia. that's P-H-O-B-I-A. First, I'll explain what phobia is and then I'll talk about some theories on why people have phobias. As you probobly know, a phobia is a fear. So do any of you have phobias? Oh,come on, you can tell me, I'm a psychologist. Yes, Monica.(M) I have a fear of swimming. I don't like to go near the ocean.Ok. That's not an usual phobia. Any one else?Ali?(A) I hate dogs. I mean I just unlike them. When I see a big dog, actually any dog, I just get nervous, so I avoid them.OK. that's another common phobia. Thanks for sharing those examples of phobias. A phobia is not a normal fear, it is an extreme fear, a very strong fear. e.g, my brother, who is a sucessful artist, had computer phobia. he didn't simply dislike using computers, he used to have very strong fear of using them. Psychologist just come up with 3 characteristics of a phobia. People display these 3 characterisitics, if they have a phobia, not just a normal fear.Now, first, a phobia is not a rational response. It's a very strong reaction, too strong for the situation. for my brother, this meant he has very strong physical reaction if someone ask him to use a computer. he started shaking violated, had trouble breathing, once he even started choking. Physical recations like this are common.Second, a phobia often last for a long time, for months or even years. In my brother's case, it lasts several years.Third, the reaction is too strong for a person to control. e.g, even my brother told himself to not to be afraid of computer, it didn't help. He still felt very afraid. Usually, people avoid whatever it is they are afraid of. so, in my brother's case, he avioded using a computer. OK, so those are the 3 characteristics of phobias. It's an extreme unrational response, it's long-lasting,and it's uncontrollable.(M) so 'uncontrollable' means even you try to control it, you can't?yes, it means you can't control it by try to deny you fear of phobia. There are ways to treat phobias, and we will talk about it in a minute.Yes!(A) what happened to your brother, did he get over of it?Yes, he did. The main thing was that he decided that he wanted to get over it.and he was treated by a psychologist. now, he uses computers all the time.OK.let's spend a minute going over some classifications of phobias. Phobias are classified by the thing or situation that the person fears. Greek or Latin are usually used to describe the fears. here are examples: Hypno, H-Y-P-N-O means sleep, so, fear of sleep is hypnophobia. cyno, C-Y-N-O means dog, so a fear of dog is cynophobia, right? Here is another example, aerophobia, listen to the first part, aero, what's the fear? aero, as in airplane, aerophobia is fear flying. Let turn out to the causes of phobias.One theory is that phobia is learned. This means something happens that causes someone or in a sence, teach someone to fear afraid. e.g, Ali ,could have learn to be afraid of dogs, if he was attacked or injured by a dog when he was a child. people can also learn phobias by watching how other people react. In fact, I just find that phobias tend to run in families. e.g, let's image that Ali's mother has always been afraid of dogs, whenever Ali and his mother were together and so a dog, his mother got very scared, very nervous, when Ali saw how his mother reacted, he would then gradually became very scared, too. He would then, have developed cynophobia from watching his mother. So you can see that there are two ways learning can be involved in phobias. So the 1st theory is that phobia is learned either by directed experiences or by watching thereactions of others. The 2nd theory says that a phobia is only a sign of a deeper problem. This means that the phobia isn't the whole problem. Let's take another example, I once treated a teenage who was very afraid of dark, he couldn't be in a dark room by himself, he was terrified to go outside at night, and so on. According to this theory, when he acted afraid of the dark, he was really showing his fear of sth else. In theopy he reviewed ,he was afraid of his father. His father was very strict when he was young, and once his father made him sit in a dark room when he did sth bad. According to this theory, his fear of dark was a sign of this deeper, real fear of his father. Yes, question.(A)so what did you do? did you talk to his father?Well, no, we couldn't do that. But recongnizing that he was really afraid of his father, and not the dark, was the key-step of the treatment. Now he is cured, no more fear of the dark. Ok,let's think about these 2 theories, and about the main difference between them.The 1st theory says that the phobia is the problem itself, right? And the 2nd theory says the phobia is a sign of deeper problem a person has. Why is the difference important? The most improtant in deciding how to treat the person.According to the 1st theory, if a phobia is learned, perhaps, it can be unlearned. A psychologist who follow this theory would try to teach someone to react differently to behave differently when he or she feels afraid. Changing the person's behavior is the goal. On the other hand, the psychologist who believes the 2nd theory may start by try to teach the person to react differently, but the doctor was interersted in more than that. The doctor's objective or goal is to help the patient reveal the deeper psychological problem because it will be easier to treat the phobia if the deeper problem is identified and work down as well. I want you to think for a minute, about the significance of having these 2 theories or any competing thoeries. What is it mean?I t tells us that phychologist like any scientist have to continue to do research to learn and to test treatments we believe to affect based on research. Treatments improve the more we learn.Unit 4:TV-What we watch?Good morning. Who watched TV last night? Ha, most of you. OK, today we're going to talk about an important part of the media-TV. Specifically, TV viewing and TV dramas. Now, first, I'll give you some background, then we'll discuss what make this type of programming -dramas so popular worldwide? OK, let's get started. Most of you would agree that watching TV is part of most people's lifes. Now, statistic varies on how much people watch TV, but research shows that quiet a few Americans on average exceed 6 hours of TV per day. An English professor name Ceceila Tichi has studied TV for many years. In her book "Electronic Hearth" creating an American television culture, she discusses how the TV has become the centre of activity at home. We walk to a room, turn on the TV, and suddenly, the outside world becomes less important. People use TV to tune out or forget about the outside world. We are safe to relax and join the world of the TV shows. Do you ever feel this way about TV? Yes, many of you are nodding. She also seem out culture has also defined by TV. Now, by this, she means that TV has a huge influence on our attitudes on what we like to eat, on what we like to wear or what we like to talk about. E.g., popular TV shows are discussed at work, at school, and coffee shops. We even children 4 or 5 years old do this with their favorite shows. This shows that we lived in a TV culture. Improved technology has contributed it further to our TV culture. Satellites services in particular have expanded the TV program in many parts of the world. There are now hundreds of TV channels people can watch, and the options continue to expand. Game shows, sports, news, talk shows, comedies, TV dramas, movies, man with cable and satellite, there are a lot of choices. Nielsen Media Research studiedpeople's TV viewer habits in the US. They monitor which shows are popular and with whom. e.g., popular shows have included the game show “Who want to be a Millionaire", and the reality TV show "Survivor", They were very very popular and watched by millions of people of all age groups. Now, all of this is really background. What I want to focus on today is one form of a popular TV show that is popular with many people of many age groups. This is TV dramas, specifically, TV dramas known as soap operas or in Spanish telenovelas. Some of you might be familiar with telenovelas. Telenovelas and soap opera in the US are similar, but have one big difference: the number of episodes they have. Telenovelas and TV series end after about 200 episodes, the story eventually ends. Soap operas in the U.S., however, continue day after day for many years and may never end. For example, the Guiding light has been on for more than 12,000 episodes and on it goes. Can you believe that more than 12,000 episodes? Soap operas started in the United States in 1959 with the show "the Guiding light". This TV shows were called soap operas because the main advertisers were companies that made soap. This type of programming is popular all over the world. Dozens of countries make their own soap opera shows. Mexican soap opera has been devoted the most popular TV show the year in countries such as Korea and Russia. Japanese soap operas are sent to Belgium. US soap operas are watched worldwide. The Lattern American soap opera "Betty low-fair" or "Betty the Ugly" was the huge success in the US. Brazilian telenovelas are the most widely distributed television shows in the world, and have been seen in more than 100 countries. And there are many other examples. What is it about this shows that make them popular everywhere? And why do people from very different cultures all enjoyed watching the same soap opera? Well, there are a couple of reasons. One reason suggested by Robert C. Allen who has done extensive research on television veiwing is that many soap opera deal with universal things that people all over the world understand. Themes are topics, e.g., family, love, personal struggle, money problems, marriage problems, health problems, job problems. Viewers did not need to know the culture in order to understand the family problems in the show. Now, according to E.Pillps, one of the creators of the "Guiding Light", another reason is that people identify with the characters. They feel the characters are just like them. To quote her from an interview, they, the soap operas, deal with life as we know it. Now by this, she means the family in soap operas deal with problems of everyday life. And so, as people watch everyday, day after day, a special bond or feeling develops between them and the TV family. The get to know the characters and their problems. The TV family's welfare becomes important. There is a sense of community of sharing a family. All of these things contribute to character loyalty. If any of you have watched the show regularly, you know what I mean. You watch it because you identify with the characters. Now, writers of TV shows understand that TV views want to have a group of characters to know and care about. As W.R, former exclusive producer of Generally Hospital, quoted it, the audiences want personal human connection, and when they get it ,they are devoted. This means they become very loyal to the TV characters they watch everyday. To give an interesting example from "as the World turns", some years back, the writers wanted to have to main character Bob Hughes get shot on a Friday, well, that Friday turned out to be Christmas Eve, the producer of the TV shows told the writers, " No,No,No, he can't be shot on this Friday's show. Do you know why?"Because it was too violent?"Well, no, not because it was too violent, but they didn't want him shot on the Friday before Christmas."Why? I mean, Why not?"Because the audience would worry all weekend about them, they want to know if he was alive or dead, and they would not enjoy Christmas. So, the writers had to change the story and have himshot after Christmas. I mean, the viewers really identified with these characters as if they were real people. Writers for evening TV also try to create character loyalty but not with continuing story. Instead, each week, the story begins and ends. However, each week, the same characters appear, and viewers watch because they know the characters and they care about them, like friends. A great example with this was the show “Sign field" there were four main characters, Jerry, Jodge, Crema and Len. They each had their own problems, their own personalities. Viewers got to know them and want to see what would happen to them. When you think about it, don't good writers usually do this? They develop our interesting in the characters, so they want us to keep reading, or keep watching TV. The next time you watch a soap opera, think about the things that make these shows so popular worldwide, think about as people want everyday, the get to know the characters and become a part of that TV community. OK, that's all for today, it's time for you to go home and watch some TV.Unit 5 : Learning differentlyHello, everyone! I think we can get started now. As we has studied in this class, there are many different ways of learning, and there are many different learning problems. Some people have problems with reading or math, or with expressing their ideas in words. Some people have memory problems, for example, they have difficulty remembering what they hear, or read. Other people have problems holding a pencil or pens till they can write. As educators, these are challenges that we need to understand, because everyone deserves education. And it's our job to promote learning. Today, I would like to talk about one common cause of learning problems-dyslexia. The term dyslexia that's D-Y-S-L-E-X-I-A, is from Greek. It means difficulty with words and language. In the first part of my talk, I briefly explain what dyslexia is and give you some general background about it. Then in the second part, I'll present one doctor's explanation of why people with dyslexia have learning difficulties. OK, what is dyslexia? Dyslexia means a difficult with reading or writing. Before about 1970, researchers thought dyslexia with a visual problem - a problem seeing letters and words correctly. But this theory was never confirmed to be true. Researchers have now concluded that the main problem may be the dyslexic having trouble matching sounds with letters in words because their brains work differently from other people's. That explains it. Every word is made up of sounds, right? And the sound units are called phoneme. Let's take the word 'cat', now some one has not dyslexia, will read the word cat, and be able to break it into the sounds, the phonemes,[k],[ai],[t], however, some one who has dyslexia, has trouble breaking down the word into sounds and that's the result- has trouble reading the word. There are other problems people with dyslexia may have. And not everyone with dyslexia has the same problem, that's why there is no definition of dyslexia that is accepted by everyone. We do know, however, that the dyslexic person's brain works differently from other people's. Here is a few examples of students with dyslexia and their learning problems. Anna knows the answer to a question, but says the wrong words. Toms, studies hard for spelling test, he can say how each word to spell, but he cannot write the words correctly on the test. Kert, tries to pay attention in class, but he has trouble sitting still and listening. He can't concentrate, and his teacher thinks he doesn't care about school. CEG has the trouble with the order things, such as the steps in the math problem, history lessons or even his own daily schedule. Susan has trouble following directions, she may confuse left and right. Yes, do you have a question? (Student:) I don't understand about the boy who can't stand still.The boy who can't concentrate in class?(Student:) Yes, I mean, how is that to dyslexia?Well, typicaly, the trial has trouble following spoken directions or understanding the step in a lesson. And so he becomes very nervous or upset, and can't concentrate. OK?(Student:)Oh. Okay, so the dyslexia prevencing(?) from concentrating?Right, these are some of the challenges for people with dyslexia. And as I said earlier, no two people have identical problems. Of course there are other reasons why a student may not pay attention in class, or have trouble reading, however, these are problems someone with dyslexia may have, because the dyslexic person's brain works differently from other people's. Another question, yes?(Student:) How common is dyslexia?It's estimated 10 percent of all school children are dyslexic.(Student) Waa, that's a lot. I heard that only a fact of boys, that's not true, isn't it? No, researchers have confirmed both genders can have dyslexia. Ok, so that gives you an idea of that problem. But what causes dyslexia? Researchers think there may be a genetic basis for dyslexia. There problem may inherited from their mother or their father. This is based on the fact about 85 percent of children with dyslexia have either mother or father who is dyslexic. What's interesting is well as challenge for us educator is that these kids generally score high on intelligence tests. But they usually can't read, write, or spell as the same level of their classmates. This can be a problem because other people, even their teachers often do believe that the kids are very intelligent. In addition, dyslexics often feel there are something wrong with them, because they cannot learn the same way others kids at school can. They often feel stressed and blame their selves especially when other people say they are lazy, and not trying. Many of them try very hard to learn, but still have trouble. In this part of the lecture, I present the work that Dr. Harry Levinson, a psychologist who was studding dyslexia for over 25 years. To help to understand dyslexia, he tells us to think about our brain as TV sets, and to think our part of brain to receive information as computer chips. Everyday, these chips, the parts of new brain, receive information, right? Now, this information enters into the brain, as signals as what we see or hear or touch and so on. Now, the job of these brain parts is to tune the signals to different channels in our brain. Your brain receives the signals just as your TV set at home does. Like you say, channel 5, or channel 6. Now, with these computer chips, our brain working, right? They can't receive signals correctly, nor can they tune in the correct channels. So the signals drift around and become unclear. And that's the signals drift, this causes problems. For example, the child's brain cannot receive the signals on the page as she reads, she has difficulty reading. If a child cannot tune in the signals he hears in class, he has difficulty understanding what the teacher tells him. If the signal drifts, this can also control energy levels- our ability to concentrate, our ability to distinguish what is important and unimportant. This is why some children have difficulty sitting still in class. the good news is, that after many years of research, Dr. Levinson and others have concluded that the brain can learn to fix the drifting. Children who received help often learn to deal with individual problems and do better in school. Naturally, it's best the school intervene and give help when the children are very young. It's also important the teachers, and you, future teachers be flexible about how you teach, and consider the different learning needs of students with dyslexia. In some special schools for dyslexic learners, the teachers read to the students. They don't require the students to read or write to learn. Teachers present lessons in a variety of ways, students can take tests orally rather than in writing and reading and writing are taught a separate skills. This approaches recognize that the students are very capable of learning but to be taught in a different way because the learn differently. This is a very positive step. So today I gave you some generalideas about what dyslexia is and what educators are doing to help these students learn. OK, well that's enough for today, we will talk more about this in the next class.unit 6 immigrationAll right, lets get started. US immigration is our topic today. I know many of you are immigrants, so you know something about this topic. As you may know by my last name, I have a German background. My parents immigrated to the US from Germany about 50 years ago. Yes, question?Does that mean you're immigrant?Well, no. My parents are immigrants. They came to the states from Germany, I'm the 1st generation German-American because I was born here. First, we'll talk briefly about immigration, the history of immigration to the US, and the story of diversity in the US. To immigrate means to move from one country to another, it's a permanent move. By contrast, if you go to live and work in France for 2 years, you don't immigrate there, you move there temporarily, because you plan to return to your country. So to immigrate means to move to another country to live there indefinitely. Immigration happens all over the word, most people do it to improve their economic or social situation. While I do now is give a brief knowledge about US immigration. Let's start with the colonial period, the 1st wave immigration in the 17th century. Most immigrants were from western Europe, although the spani arrived in 1513. The 1st permanent settlement in North America was when the British started in 1607 in J. T. J. People were not prohibited from immigration by the British, anyone could come. Life was difficult, and some people did not survive, but people felt it was worth to risk to have a better life in the colonial. The French, Spanish and Dutch also came, but in smaller numbers. I should also point out that about 20% of the population of this time was African-American. However, most were immigrants. They were brought from Africa as slaves. Today, we ? our discussion to voluntary immigration, to people who choose to come to the US. Now, by 1775, the US population had grown to about. 2.5 million, the country was growing fast, some thought too fast. So in the 1790s, laws were passed to control immigration for the first time. The Naturalization Act of 1798, required immigrants to live in the US for a certain number of years before they became citizens. The 2nd big wave of immigration happened between 1840 and 1920. During this wave, about 37 million people came to the US. The industry of revolution has begun in Europe causing a big shift from farming to factory jobs. Many left for the US, hoping to continue doing the farming job they knew . About 80% of these 2nd wave immigrants were from all over Europe. During this 2nd wave, Chinese workers also came to the US, mostly as contract workers. They were ranged or contracted to work for American company before they left home. Most of them worked in the gold mines of California and later builded rail roads, then laws were past in the 1880s to keep most contract workers out. Ellis, where are we? Ah, yes, 1891. In 1891, US congress created the INS, the Immigration and Naturalization Service, to control immigration. Any of you who want to immigrate to the US have heard the INS. Upon to 1891, each state had its own law and could decide which immigrants could enter. So no one really control the total number of people allowed in each year, after 1891, the Federal Government made the laws instead. A year later, in 1892, the INS opened Ellis Island in New York Harbor. Ships would go passed the statue of liberty, the symbol of a new life for many people and stopped at Ellis Island. Have any of you seen Ellis Island, or the statue of liberty? You have, EF?Yes, I have. The statue of liberty and Ellis Island.What did you think?Very impressive, interesting, too.Yes, it is interesting. Now the Ellis Island had been made into a museum. It's an important part。
研究生英语听说教程-引进版chapter2原文
研究生英语听说教程（引进版）听力原文Take on Listening:Listening and Speaking StrategiesLesson 2Denise: Excuse me, miss, how much does it cost to ride BART? Stranger: Well, that depends on your destination. From here to Glen Park it’s only a dollar ten, but if you go as far as Fremont, it costs a lot more. Tom: We’re going to Berkeley. Do you know what the fare is? Stranger: There are two stations in Berkeley. Which one are you interested in?Denise: Oh, gee, I’m not sure. We’re from out of town. We’re visiting my sister. She told me her house is just a stone’s throw from the UC Berkeley campus. Which station is that?Stranger: The downtown Berkeley station is really close to the university. I’m sure that’s the one you want.Denise: Tom, are you going to remember this, or should I be jotting this down?Tom: What is there to write down, Denise? The woman is giving us very simple directions. So, how much is the fare to downtown Berkeley? Stranger: Let’s go take a look at the map over there. You see, the map shows you how much it costs to go from one station to another. Ah, there it is: two dollars and sixty-five cents.Tom: Two sixty-five? That’s highway robbery for such a short distance! Denise: You think that’s expensive? Tom from our house to Amherst it costs twice as much as that.Tom: Yeah, but that’s an hour ride. You really get your money’s worth. Stranger: Yeah…Uh…Well, did your sister explain which train to take? Tom: Berkeley. WE take the Berkeley train to Berkeley, right? Stranger: Well, no actually. That’s just one stop on the Richmond line. Here, let me show you on this map. Here we are a t Powell Street in San Francisco, and it’s basically a straight shot on the Richnond line to the downtown Berkeley station.Denise: Yes, my sister said we wouldn’t have to change t rains. Stranger: Uh-oh, what time is it?Denise: It’s 8:15.Stranger: You can’t go directly to Berkeley from San Francisco after8:04.Tom: Uh-oh. Is there another train we can catch?Stranger: Don’t worry. You can take the Pittsburg line. Look here, take the Pittsburg line to the 12th Street Station in Oakland, and then transfer to the Richmond train. The Richmond train will stop in Berkeley. Get off at the downtown station. From there you can walk to your sister’s house. Denise: We want to be there by 9 o’clock. If we have to transfer, we might be late. Do you think we’ll make it in time?Stranger: It doesn’t take that long. Let’s see; there’s a train from here at 8:18. It arrives at the 12th Street Oakland station at 8:34. You can get a Richmond train rig ht away at 8:34, and you’ll arrive in Berkeley at 8:46. Tom: Let’s see if I’ve go t this right: We take the 8:18 Pittsburg train and arrive in Oakland at 8:34. Then we take the 8:34 Richmond train to Berkeley. That should be a snap.Stranger: Yeah, you’ll have no trouble.Tom: Thank you very much for your help, Miss. You’re a very kind young lady.Denise: And so pretty and smart, too! Tell me dear, I notice you’re not wearing a ring.Stranger: Well, no, uh…Denise; You know, my sister’s son is very handsome. I think you two would like each other…Stranger: Uh, well; oh! I think I hear your train coming! You’d better hurry so you don’t miss it!Part ThreeExercise 3AThe BART system is a modern metro that links thirty-nine stations throughout Northern Cali fornia’s San Francisco Bay Area. The trains are operated by computers and the BART station platforms have electronic signs that light up with information about trains that will be arriving. Exercise 3C1. How long does it take to get from JFK Boulevard to Town Plaza? That’s JFK Boulevard to Town Plaza.2. What is the fare from Oxford Avenue to College Avenue? That’s Oxford Avenue to College Avenue.3. How much does it cost an dhow long does it take to go fromFifth Street/Flori da to Grove Street? Again, that’s both the fare and time from Fifth Street/Florida to Grove Street.4. How much is a round-trip ticket from 75th Street to Kentucky Street? That’s a round-trip ticket from 75th Street to Kentucky.5. How much time does it take to travel from Kansas Street to20th Street? Again, how much time does it take to travel from Kansas Street to 20th Street?6. You are at the Alabama Street station. It’s twelve noon and you just got on the train. What time will you arrive at the Madrid Avenue station? Again, it’s twelve noon and you’re going from Alabama Street to Madrid Avenue. What time will you arrive at the Madrid Avenue station?7. What time does the 4:07 PM train from Yonkers arrive at Grand Central Terminal? Again, what time does the 4:07 PM train from Yonkers arrive at Grand Central Terminal?8. What time does the 6:20 AM train from Grand Central Terminal arrive in Yonkers? That’s the 6:20 AM train from Grand Central Terminal arrive in Yonkers.9. 9. How many trains are there from Grand Central Terminal to Yonkers from 4:20PM until 7:53 Pm? Again, how many trains are there from Grand Central Terminal to Yonkers from 4:20PM until 7:53 PM? 10. How long is the trip from Yonkers to Grand Central Terminal? Again, that’s the time from Yonkers to Grand Central Terminal.11. Which trains from Yonkers to Grand Central Terminal do not stop at 125th Street? Again, which trains do no stop at 125th Street going from Yonkers to Grand Central Terminal?12. Look at your watch. What time is it right now? What time will the next train from Grand Central Terminal arrive at 125th Street? Again, using the time now, when will the next train from Grand Central Terminal arrive at 125th Street?Part FourExercise 11. Was her flight from New York on time?2. Did you get the rental car information?3. Which bus do I take to go downtown?4. Is Alice meeting us at the train station?5. Why was the man yelling at the stranger?6. Are you going to call the travel agent today?7. How long do we have to wait for the next bus?8. Where are you going after the meeting?9. What did you do with your extra ticket?10. Were you going to go to the airport alone?Exercise 21. What time did the plane arrive?2. How often do you take the bus?3. Did someone meet them at the airport?4. Why didn’t she tell us she would be late?5. Who will pay for the extra ticket?6. Were you at the bus station yesterday?7. How far is it from here to New Jersey?8. Which bus do you think we should take?9. Whose purse was left on the bus?10. Are you meeting your brother at the bus station?Part FiveExercise 11. How much is the fare to Kansas ST.?2. When is the next Yonkers train?3. Does this bus go to City Hall?4. How long does it take to get to Park Lane?5. Which line do I need to take to get to the Macarthur Station?6. Can you tell me how far the trip from Boston to San Diego is?7. What’s the fastest way to get to Grand Central Terminal from here?8. Do you know where the train for Atlanta stops?Exercise 2:1. The 12:20 train to Seattle will leave in two minutes.2. The next train to Yonkers will leave from Grand Central Terminal in ten minutes.3. A round-trip ticket from JFK Boulevard to Kansas St. is $2.90.4. We’re sorry, but the 12:10 train Riverdale will be six minutes late.5. The bus from Los Angles to Burbank leaves every fifteen minutes at that time of the day.6. The next Fremont train will leave from platfor number 4 in half an hour.Exercise 31. Question: Where does this person want to go?A: Pardon me, how much does it cost to go to the Jefferson Auditorium? B: That’s $1.80 one way, but you can’t go directly there after 6:00 PM. You’ll have to take a Leno x train at that hour and then transfer to a Hastings train at the Portsmouth station.2．Question: What time will the next bus for Chicago leave?A: Excuse me, when does the next bus to downtown Chicago leave? B: Let’s see. One just left at 8:00. The schedu le says that that bus leaves every fifteen minutes, so…A: Uh-oh;it’s already 8:10. I’d better hurry.B: Ooh, I hope you make it.2. Question: What is the total round-trip fare for the children?A: May I help you?B: Yeah, we’d like to get ticket s from Portland to Long beach.A: When are you planning on going?B: We were thinking of going the week of June 15th.A: Gook. That’s far enough in advance to take advantage of our supersaver fares. If you purchase your tickets thirty days in advance, it will only cost $240 round trip.B: $240. That sounds good.A: How many people are in your party?B: There’s my wife and me, plus our two kids.A: Ooh, we have a special discount available for our young travelers. Let’s see, kids under twelve fly for half pr ice and those under three can go for free.B: Well, Evelynne is six and Renee is one.A: Very good. Let me check the computer to see which flights are open the week of the 15th.Exercise 41. It’s really easy to get to school from my house by b us.2. Greenwich is very close to London.3. I take a 20-minute bus ride from home to work every day.4. I leave my house each day at 8 am.5. WE’re going to Hawaii for our next vacation.6. According to this, the train to Vancouver will arrive in ten mnutes.7. Do I need a Bakerloo or a Victoria train to get to Picadilly Circus?8. How much is a ticket to Baltimore an then back again?9. You need to take a #5 bus to the Berman Station. Then, catch a #12.10. This bus is too crowded between 7am and 9am.。
大学英语视听说2Unit2听力原文
Unit2Ⅰ。
Lead-in1.This is a difficult question, for most of us enjoy both. But if you press me with this question, I should say that personally Iprefer watching a DVD at home. It is true that watching a movie at a theater has a number of advantages. For example, the sound effects are much better. When you hear guns firing in a theater, you feel as if you were on a real battlefield.Moreover, the presence of an audience can create a good atmosphere. When you watch a comedy on TV by yourself, you may be amused by the funny words and actions, but you are unlikely to laugh out loud. In a theater, on the other hand, you may laugh heartily when the whole audience bursts into wild laughter. In spite of those pluses for the theater, I have to say that I prefer to stay home and watch the same movie on DVD. In this way I feel more relaxed. I don't have to sit on a chair.Instead, I can lie on a sofa. I can drink tea or coffee while watching the movie. I can also press the PAUSE button, go to the kitchen or toilet, and then come back to continue the movie. More importantly, if I don't understand a section of the movie,I can replay it. Obviously, the advantages of viewing at home outweigh the advantages of viewing it at a theater.2.Different people have different choices, each with their own reasons. Generally, older people prefer old, classic movies,while young people choose contemporary movies, though we can find many exceptions to that pattern. It is reasonable for older people to favor the traditional movies of their time. When they see such movies, their memories of the past will be activated. It is not uncommon for us to observe that when elderly people see things in a movie that they personally experienced, they get excited and even shed tears. Some doctors say this sort of memory stimulation can have healing effects and slow down memory loss. While I understand that older people have good reasons to choose old movies, I prefer movies on contemporary themes. New movies are superior in many respects. First of all, the technology has improved, and therefore we can enjoy better scenes. Second, the directors, actors and actresses have all improved their skills. When you look at Chinese movies of the 1950s, you may find some actors and actresses talk or act somewhat artificially. Third, contemporary movies are often closer to our daily lives, and after seeing them, we can understand our society better. In other words, new movies have better educational value. Of course, the advantages of modern movies are not limited only to those I've just named. But they are reasons enough for me to make my choice.3.Occasionally I do enjoy seeing a foreign movie. It can take my mind off to a distant land. The outlandish setting oftenexcites me, and the different values tend to give me much food for thought. However, my lack of background information often requires me to make too many inferences, and sometimes I cannot understand certain parts of the movie. In such cases I may feel less entertained. By comparison, I feel more at home with Chinese movies. I can easily associate the scene and lines with the historical background. I can readily understand witty conversation and implied meanings. Sometimes I can even predict what is going to happen from the speaker's tone or gesture. Still, it is true that Chinese movies cannot yet compete with Western movies in filming technology. I do hope the next generation of Chinese movies will make further improvement.4.Certainly I want to see the movie first. A movie is meant chiefly to entertain, while a book may have a stronger educationalfunction in addition to its entertainment function. If one reads the book first, one will know the outcome of the movie in advance. With hardly any suspense, the movie will lose much of its appeal in spite of its colorful scenes. On the other hand, if we see the movie first, we can still appreciate the corresponding book. The book is usually longer than the adapted movie, and therefore you can still find a lot of new stuff. What's more, while reading a book, you can stop from time to time to think about the deeper meaning. So you see, after seeing the movie, you can still enjoy the book.Ⅲ.Listening InTask2:A Great ActorThere was once a great actor who could no longer remember his lines. After several years of searching, he finally found a theater that was willing to give him a try. The director said, "This is the most important part, and it has only one line. At theopening you walk onto stage carrying a rose. You hold the rose to your nose with just one finger and thumb, smell it deeply and then say the line in praise of the rose: 'Ah, the sweet smell of my love.'" The actor was excited. All day long before the play he practiced his line over and over again. Finally, the time came. The curtain went up, the actor walked onto the stage, looked at the audience, and with great emotion said the line, "Ah, the sweet smell of my love." The audience exploded in laughter. Only the director was furious! "Ahhhhhh! You damned fool!" he cried. "You've ruined my play! You've ruined me!" The actor was puzzled, "What happened? Did I forget my line?" "No!" shouted the director. "You forgot the rose!"Task3: Movie ReviewsI love movies! And after I see them, I like to comment on them. These are movies I saw this year that I would like to recommend: Among comedies I highly recommend "Monsoon Wedding". It's an Indian movie. The story is about an Indian wedding. Preparations for the wedding bring out funny and sad situations touching on love and a past rape. This movie shows some of the wonderful customs of India, and the importance of family and love. It's great!Among dramas, I like "Adaptation". It is an excellent movie! But for me the first part of the movie was too fast to follow.I hope to see it again on DVD with captions."The Pianist" is set in the Second World War. It's about a young Polish-Jewish pianist, who lives in Warsaw with his family. The Nazis sent his family to die in the concentration camps. He was safe, but would have died without unusually good luck and the kindness of a few non-Jews. This is a powerful movie with thought-provoking themes."Rabbit-Proof Fence" is set in the 1930s in Australia, and it's based on real events. It is about three native girls, who are separated from their families by the racist police who send them to special centers. There the girls are taught practical skills, and the government tries to integrate them into white Australian society. They ran away from the camp and walked 1,500 miles to find their mothers. This is a sad, touching story that you should not miss.Ⅴ.Let’s TalkAlfred HitchcockAlfred Hitchcock was a British director. His movies frequently show innocent people caught up in situations beyond their control or even understanding.Hitchcock preferred the use of suspense to surprise in his movies. In surprise, the director provides the viewer with frightening things. In suspense, the director tells or shows things to the audience which the characters in the movie do not know, and then skillfully builds up tension around what would happen when the characters finally learn the truth.Hitchcock had a great sense of humor. Once at a French airport, a suspicious customs official looked at Hitchcock's passport, which was marked simply PRODUCER. The curious official asked, "And what do you produce?" "Gooseflesh." replied Hitchcock.Alfred Hitchcock always managed to make a brief appearance in his movies: He was sometimes getting on a bus, or crossing a street, or walking in front of a store, or across the courtyard in an apartment. However, for the movie Lifeboat in 1944, he was faced with a difficult problem. The entire movie was set in a lifeboat out at sea, and there were only a few characters in the boat. Originally, he wanted to float by as a dead body, but he was afraid he'd sink! His clever solution was to place a photograph of himself in a newspaper that one of the characters read during the course of the movie.Ⅵ.Further Listening and SpeakingTask1: Only One LinePeter had always wanted to be an actor, but never succeeded because he had a hard time memorizing lines. A friend of his told him about a small part in a play. He promised Peter that he could do it because he'd only have to remember one line. Peter decided to take the part. His only line was, "Listen, I hear the guns roar!" Peter practiced and practiced, "Listen, I hear the guns roar!" On the opening night of the play Peter was very nervous. Backstage, he practiced his line, over and over again, "Listen, I hear the guns roar! Listen, I hear the guns roar!" Finally came his turn, Peter went onto stage. He heard a loud BOOM and cried out in spite of himself, "WHAT THE HELL WAS THAT?"Task3:The Secret of the Next Harry Potter BookThe Harry Potter books rapidly became one of the most in-demand book series among young readers and have earned large sums of money. Movies based on the books won several Oscar nominations. Readers are now keen to know the plot of the next book.Harry Potter movie fans will get a long-awaited treat. The movie Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets is finally about to come out. This time around, Harry discovers a frightening secret at Hogwarts School. Eager readers of the first four Harry Potter books are also trying to discover a secret. The secret plot of the fifth book in the series. Because of the long wait since Book Four, they are guessing many things. Some think that Professor Lupin will die or that Harry and his friend Ron may be related!J. K. Rowling herself has only said that Book Five will be shorter and scarier than Book Four. To make sure her readers hear only rumors, she locks all her ideas for the books in a hidden place. Since the next book does not come out until 2003, for now Harry's secret is safe with her!。
2011年英语听力2
UNIT 1Are you a university student?University LifeIntroductionDirections: Listen to an introduction of this unit and answer the following questions.One of the best parts of university life is living away from home. You get freedom and the chance to meet new people. Most students opt to live in dormitories for their first year of study—this usually works out cheaper than finding a flat or house and means there‟ll definitely be loads of people in the same boat as you, so you won‟t feel lonel y.An important aspect of being at university is managing your own time. It‟s up to you to decide when you‟ll study, when you‟ll go shopping and when you‟ll have a night out. Sounds fantastic, doesn‟t it? Of course, it‟s a good idea to organize your time with a weekly or monthly schedule. Remember, you can be as flexible with your time as you like but you‟ll always need to make sure you get out of bed for lectures, and meet essay and project deadlines.After a hard day‟s work, going out and having fun is what student life is all about. The university is a place buzzing with events, cinemas, clubs and bars, so you‟ll never be short of things to do.University life is about learning. You‟ll be expected to go to all your lectures and classes. You‟ll have anythi ng from one to five hours of lectures, in a day. But on top of that, you are expected to do a number of hours of self-study. If you plan your time and your workload, you‟ll have plenty of free time to enjoy student life at university.Answers1. It‟s cheaper and they won‟t feel lonely.2. They can be flexible with their time as long as they keep a balance betweenrelaxation and study.3. Learning.Credit CardsIs it right for the student to pay with a student credit card? Can it help a student pay for expenses online such as online courses, music, language-learning materials, or even a degree?From a student‟s perspective, it allows a person to pay for things online that only can be purchased on credit. Furthermore, it can help students build a good credit history that is often needed later for bigger purchases like a car or home.In spite of these advantages, students have to be careful because interest rates on such cards are often higher and have higher penalties if you fail to pay on time. Furthermore, students may spend well beyond their means and end up in debt that they can‟t pay off.Perhaps a happy medium is for students to get a debit card that has a credit limit, and money for purchases is just deducted from existing funds from a student‟s account. Thus, it operates like a checking account, and when the student‟s spending reaches the credit limit, they can‟t continue to spend.Before you decide to get a student credit card, look carefully at the agreement terms for each company and compare the advantages and disadvantages of each. Searching the Internet for such offers will give you a good start on what to look for in a company. (/tips/creditcard.htm)Discussion Questions1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of having a credit card?2. What other type of card is available besides a credit card that allows you to makepurchases? How does it work?3. Search the Internet for a good credit card deal. Discuss benefits and drawbacks ofeach one you find. Discuss the results with your partner.Part One: ListeningSection AConversation OneDirections: Listen to the conversation and answer the following questions.W: Oh, hi Dave. Long time no see!M: Hi Maria. I was in the neighborhood, so I thought I‟d drop by. Uh, so, how have you been?W: Oh, not bad. And you?M: Oh, I‟m doing okay, but school has been really hectic these days, and I haven‟t had time to relax.W: By the way, what‟s your major anyway?M: Hotel management.W: Well, what do you want to do once you graduate?M: Uh... I think I‟d like to work for a hotel or travel agency in this area. How about you?W: Well, my major is computer science, so with the right skills, landing a job in the computer industry shouldn‟t be difficult.M: So, do you have a part-time job to support yourself through school?W: Well, fortunately for me, I received a four-year academic scholarship that pays for all of my tuition and books.M: Wow. That‟s great.W: Yeah. How about you? Are you working your way through school?M: Yeah. I work three times a week at a restaurant near campus.W: How do you like your job?M: It‟s okay. The other workers are friendly, and the pay isn‟t bad.Answers1. He‟d like to work at a hotel.2. Computer science.3. She received a scholarship.4. At a restaurant.5. His co-workers are friendly and the pay is okay.Conversation TwoDirections: Listen to the conversation and fill in the blanks with the words or expressions you hear.M:Welcome to our clubs and societies. Clubs and societies are the bedrock of a student‟s active involvement in campus life and getting involved will enhance your university experiences beyond the academic realm.W: What do clubs and societies refer to?M: Clubs refer to sport and physical activities while societies refer to the arts, musical, social awareness, political, religious and general interest groups.W: Why is it important to join clubs or societies?M: Active participation in clubs and societies can give you the opportunity to develop existing skills or to try something new. It provides a lively social life, good friends that last a lifetime, and many memories to treasure. Active involvement is also a welcome break from academic studies and a real boost to future careers.W: Oh, I see. Then who manages those clubs and societies?M: The Student Activities Officer is responsible for maintaining, developing and improving club, society and extra-curricular activity. Their main responsibilities include giving support and coordination to the activities of existing clubs and societies, as well as being responsible for the growth of new clubs and societies. W: Thank you. And I think I should join in some of them to enrich my campus life.Conversation ThreeDirections: Listen to the conversation and rearrange the five sentences according to the content of what‟s heard.W: This is my new DVD player. Let me show you my stereo.M: But where did you get the dough to buy all this? You didn‟t borrow money from mom and dad again, did you?W: Of course not. I got it with this!M: This? Let me see that… Have you been using Dad‟s credit card again?W: No, silly. It‟s mine. I t‟s a student credit card!M: A student credit card? How in the world did you get one of these?W: I got an application in the mail.M: Well, why did you get one in the first place?W: Listen. Times are changing, and having a credit card helps you build a credit rating, control spending, and even buy things that you can’t pay with cash…M: I don‟t want to hear it. How does having a student credit card control spending? It sounds you’ve spent yourself in a hole. Anyway, student credit cards justlead to impulse spending…as I can see here. And the interest rates of student credit cards are usually sky high, and if you miss a payment, the rates, well, just jump!W: Ah. The credit card has a credit limit…M: … of $20,000?W: No, no quite that high. Anyway…M: I‟ve heard enough.Key: (3 5 4 1 2 )UNIT 2I want to have some fun!EntertainmentIntroductionDirections: Listen to an introduction of this unit and answer the following questions.In advanced industrial societies entertainment is synonymous with leisure, since entertainment is the major form of leisure. People seek entertainment as a means of relieving boredom, as a diversion from the hardships and difficulties of everyday life and as a vehicle for courtship or friendly socializing. Most entertainment has two characteristics: (1) it is offered at a financial cost, and (2) it is consumed or used by the people being entertained. In other words, entertainment is a leisure-oriented commodity produced by industry and used by consumers.Entertainment is increasingly an electronic activity related to consuming some form of a media product. In the United States, for instance, television represents more leisure time than all other entertainment activities combined. Adult females view over five hours daily, while males watch four hours and children average three and one-half hours. Many other popular forms of entertainment，such as radio, musical concerts, movies and new amusement parks are also influenced by electronics.Contemporary entertainment frequently becomes a status symbol for people of all ages to establish a meaningful identity. Teenagers are most susceptible to this type of identity formation. They wear shirts, for example, that publicly advertise their favorite rock music groups. Stereo music systems are not just a means of listening to music, but for many teens they are also a symbol of cultural power and personal cultural relevance. In fact, access to adult-oriented video movies, such as R-rated films, is an important sign of a teenager‟s coming of age in many communities.Answers1.Entertainment is a leisure-oriented commodity produced by industry and used byconsumers.2.Entertainment is a means of relieving boredom, as a diversion from the hardshipsand difficulties of everyday life and as a vehicle for courtship or friendly socializing., radio, musical concerts, movies and amusement parks.4.Contemporary entertainment is a status symbol for people to establish ameaningful identity.Part One: ListeningSection AConversation OneDirections: Listen to the following conversations and answer the following questions.M: Would you like to listen to my album of American country music? It‟s got John Denver singing “Country Road s.”W:Sure, I‟d love to. John Denver is very popular in China. But can you tell me what‟s the difference between country music and pop music?M: In country music, many songs are about home and family.W: So, I suppose, the words are simple and express real and honest feelings?M: Well, people who really like country music say so.W:What about the style of singing, and the music itself? It‟s different from other American music, isn‟t it?M: In some ways, yes. The tradition was of singer with one instrument —originally a dulcimer, later a guitar. Then when radios and records became popular in the 1920‟s, t hey began using country singers commercially. Now country music is performed by highly professional groups.W:Oh, I see. Can we say that country music is a development of American folk music?M:Well, let‟s say it‟s a development from folk music. Today, it is commercial, not folk. The center of country music is Nashville, Tennessee, where many people make a living producing records, tapes, radio shows and so on.W: By the way, can you tell me more about John Denver?M:Well, he‟s a professional singer and songwriter. Take his song “Country Road s”for e xample. The subject is traditional: Take me back to my home in the southern mountains and actually country music started in the south. Let‟s listen to John Denver‟s music now.Answers1.Home and family.2.They‟re simple and express real and honest feelings.3.They were sung by singers with originally a dulcimer and later a guitar.4.It‟s highly commercial.5.He‟s a professional singer and songwriter. He is most famous for his song“Country Road”.Conversation TwoDirections: Listen to the conversation and fill in the blanks with the words or expressions you hear.M: Do you know who Jackie Chan is?W:Jackie Chan is a very famous movie star in Hong Kong. His Chinese name is Cheng Long.M: Ha, I know Cheng Long. He has made 40 movies since 1976. At the time he was promoted a s the new Bruce Lee. But I didn‟t know his English name.W: OK. Then tell me what else you know.M:Some movie stars measure their worth by how many millions of dollars they made. Do you know how Jackie Chan measures his worth?W:He measures his worth by how many of his bones he has fractured while executing his incredible stunts. By the way, can you count the breaks?M: Sure. His skull, his eyes, his nose, three times, his jaws, his shoulder, his chest, two fingers, a knee. As he said, “Everything from the top of my head to the bottom of my feet!”W: Indeed, you know a lot about him.M: This is because he is movie-action incarnate or a world-famous action-star.Answers: See the underlined words in this part‟s transcript.Conversation ThreeDirections: Listen to the conversation and rearrange the five sentences according to the content you hear.W: OK! Here are your tickets! Are you ready for a fun day at Disneyland?M: Yeah! Let‟s go!W: Get back here! Now what are the rules?M: No runni ng. Now let‟s go! (pulls on the woman‟s shirt)W: And no tugging at my clothes! We‟ve got all day. There‟s no rush.M: OK. But I want to ride all the rides.W: You can ride as many as you want. But it‟s still early! It‟s only ten in the morning! （In the souvenir shop）M: Look at this, Wow! A Monsters Inc. backpack! I need one of these for school! W:We just walked into the park. If you buy anything now, you‟ll have to lug it around all day.M: OK! But remember that‟s what I want to get!W: OK, b ut I bet you‟ll change your mind. There are more souvenirs than you can count. You‟ll see.M: Look outside! There’s Goofy! He’s my favorite!Let‟s take a picture with him! W:OK. But don‟t cut in line. You‟ll have to wait your turn.Answers( 4 5 1 2 3)Unit 3You are what you eatFoodIntroductionDirections: Listen to an introduction of this unit and answer the followingquestions.The old line …you are what you eat‟ is actually very accurate. The food we eat can have a huge impact on our health and well-being. A balanced, healthy diet provides a supply of all the essential nutrients in the right quantities for a healthy life.To understand how you can eat healthily, it‟s important to know which types of food you need to consume and why. Your body needs a well-balanced diet, with a good supply of carbohydrates, especially high-fibre foods, water, vitamins, minerals and a certain amount of protein and fat. The five main food groups that we should be eating every day are:1. Starchy carbohydrates -- bread, rice, pasta, breakfast cereals and potatoes2. Fruit and vegetables3. Milk and dairy products4. Meat, fish, and alternatives5. Foods containing fat and sugarThe largest groups are bread and vegetables, followed by milk and meat. The smallest by far is the salt and sugar group. Fresh fruit and vegetables are low in fat, calories and salt, and an excellent source of vitamins, minerals and fibre. Protein-rich foods and dairy foods are needed in more moderate amounts. Take care that protein-ric h foods don‟t bring a lot of fat with them; trim the fat off meat and take the skin off chicken.Answers1. Starchy carbohydrates; fruit and vegetables;milk and dairy products;meat, fish, and alternatives; foods containing fat and sugar.2. The fat and sugar group.Part One: ListeningSection AConversation OneDirections: Listen to the conversation and answer the questions below.Javier: Welcome to J. Lo‟s new restaurant. I heard the food is really authentic. Linda: It‟s Puerto Rican?Javier: Actu ally it‟s a Cuban restaurant, like the ones you might find in Miami. Linda: Wow, you guys really do mix up everything.Javier: It‟s all Latin, baby. It‟s all good. Now let‟s order.Linda: Hmm...(reads menu) black beans and rice...sounds healthy.Javier: Latinos are big on beans and rice. And you got to try the ropa vieja.Linda: Is that a meat dish?Javier: Yep. It means old clothes.Linda: Yuck!Javier: Ha, ha. That‟s because it‟s shredded beef and looks kind of like cloth. Linda: Well, I guess I‟ll try it. What‟s this? (reads menu) Plantains...Javier: Those are like little bananas. They fry them twice, and they are delicious!Answerstin American restaurant.2.Beans and rice, ropa vieja, and plantains.3.It is a meat dish, made of shredded beef which looks like cloth, not really oldclothes.Conversation TwoDirections: Listen to the conversation and fill in the blanks with the words or expressions you hear.A:What do you think of British food?B:That’s a very difficult question to answer, b ecause if you look in two supermarket trolleys, you‟ll see that what people buy is completely different. Some people will go for fresh vegetables and wholemeal bread, while others prefer tins and packets of highly processed food.A:Well, what do people mean when they say they don‟t like British food?B:I think it’s probably possible to generalize about what is eaten at main meal-times. Northern Europeans, including the British, tend to eat more potatoes than Asians, who prefer rice.A:Can you explain why many Asians prefer French or Italian cuisine to British cooking?B:That’s both a question of what different Europeans eat and how it‟s prepared. For example, pizza has become international. People are accustomed to eating it and Italians prepare it well.A: Do the British prepare food badly?B:In fact, we have some of the top chefs in the world, but only people with a lot of money experience British cooking at its best. Students staying in English families often have to put up with convenience foods, quick preparations served up by working couples who have little time for anything other than their jobs.A:Surely, not all host families offer fast food.B:No. Some are very careful about what they eat. They may buy brown rice, wholemeal bread, muesli and organically grown fruit. They may eat a mainly vegetarian diet. But this can cause different problems. Japanese students are used to eating white rice, while Southern Europeans are used to eating a lot of meat. Certain versions of the British diet are proba bly very healthy, but don‟t appeal to internationals. People simply aren’t used to them.Additional questionWhat language patterns have the speakers used to express their opinions? (Ask the students to learn the way to express one‟s opinion.)Answer(See the italicized words in this part‟s transcript.)Conversation ThreeDirections: Listen to a conversation between Fred and Susan at a supermarket andanswer the questions below.W: I haven‟t shopped here in a while. Do you know where they keep the butter?M: Sure. It‟s way in the back of the store, in the dairy case.W: Great, thanks. Hey, check out this fancy display. They sure want us to buy Diet Pepsi, don‟t they?M: Yeah, I never touch the stuff. It‟s all chemicals.W: Oh, Fred. You are such a purist. Oh, here‟s the butter. Oh, right, it‟s on sale. Now, let‟s see. What else do I need? Let me check my list. My memory is getting worse and worse everyday. I‟ve got to write everything down. My list‟s got to be here somewhere. Don‟t tell me I left it at home. Oh, great. Here it is. Let‟s see now. I need some veggies, some hamburger and some entrees. This lettuce looks pretty good. It‟s cheap.M: Yeah, most of these vegetables look pretty bad. I‟ll bet they are all sprayed with chemicals. I‟ll just get some garlic and some Brussel sprouts.W: Do you really believe all that you hear about additives? I think you are worrying too much. We are all going to die sometime. Ah, here‟s the meat section. I need a couple of pounds of hamburger. I can‟t believe how much beef has gone up in the last few months. Maybe I‟ll just buy one pound.M: That‟s one of the reasons that I became a vegetarian.W: What do you fix instead of meat?M: I get protein from lots of other foods. I eat brown rice, beans, Tofu and nuts. You have to make some matches to get a good protein combination. It takes a lot of practice, but it‟s sure worth the trouble. You don‟t put all those chemicals in your system.Answers1.No, she doesn‟t think the food addictives are a serious problem.2.She wants to buy butter, some veggies, some hamburger and some entrees.3.He is very concerned about food safety; besides, the prices of some meat havegone up.4.Eat a lot of vegetarian food that is rich in protein, like brown rice, beans, Tofu andnuts.Unit 4How am I feeling today?HealthIntroductionDirections: Listen to a passage on holistic wellness and answer the following questions.Many of us grew up with a limited understanding of health. We tend to view health as a phenomenon of the body, disconnected from mental or spiritual events. As such, we may pay close attention to our physical health while neglecting other areas of the human experience. Yet increasingly we are finding out that our state of mind, emotions, and spirit has a significant impact on both our health and our recovery when illness strikes.The concept of holistic health has become generalized to include many things: the use of herbs, the use of mental imagery and the use of hypnosis to name a few. What I‟d like for us to consider here is the idea of holistic health as consisting of an attitude of wellness in ALL areas of human experience -- body, mind, emotions, and spirit. With that notion of holistic health in mind, let‟s take a health inventory. The challenge is to consider each area, not just that of physical health, when you ask yourself, “How am I feeling today?”1. Think of your body for a moment. In general, how is your health? Do you cope with a chronic health problem?2. Now think about your world of attitudes and ideas -- your inner mental world. Do you harbor resentments toward anyone?3. Now think about your emotional world. How often do you get angry over trivialities? Do others see you as moody?Answers1. The state of our mind, emotions, and spirit. (Or: mental or spiritual events.)2. The idea of holistic health consists of an attitude of wellness in ALL areas ofhuman experience— body, mind, emotions, and spirit.3. No.Part One: ListeningSection AConversation OneDirections: Listen to the dialogue about yoga and answer the following questions.Linda: You are always keeping up with the changes in fashion. I hear now you‟re warming up to yoga. How is it?Tony: Marvelous! It‟s so much fun! And I especially enjoy the headstands and handstands.Linda: But to the best of my knowledge, most enthusiasts are women.Tony: Yes, that‟s true. At the beginning, women go in for it mainly. But as its popularity grows, men are becoming more receptive to the idea. As a boy, I liked to stand on my head. When my wife started taking yoga four years ago, I thought I should try it.Linda: Why did you want to have a go?Tony: Because my back was so stiff and I couldn‟t sleep on my stomach any more. Linda: Is it easy to start?Tony: Sure, the first few classes were tough, but I stuck with it. The first major effect I noticed was that I‟d feel very relaxed after a class. I bec ame stronger, more flexible and my posture improved.Linda: You must be used to it now.Tony: I still find the physical side of yoga challenging; I also like the contemplative side.Linda: It sounds interesting. And it calls for a great perseverance.Answers1. He likes the gestures of the headstands and handstands.2. At the beginning, women go in for yoga mainly. But as its popularity grows, men are becoming more receptive to the idea.3. Because his back was stiff and he couldn‟t sleep on his stomach any more.4.He has become stronger and more flexible and his posture has improved.5.Perseverance.Conversation TwoDirections: Listen to the conversation and fill in the blanks with the words or expressions you hear.A: Would you ever consider taking out private health insurance?B: I think it‟s a very sensible idea!A: But you are already paying for the NHS through national insurance. Why should you have to insure yourself twice?B: That‟s a very good question. The reality is that the NHS covers people in major emergencies, but the service is under too much pressure to give adequate support. A: Can you be a bit more specific?B: Certainly. Th ere‟re thousands of people who are in great pain. Some are waiting for minor surgery while others are waiting for treatment at pain control clinics. A: But under the patients‟ charter, hospitals are meant to treat you within a certain time.B: Well, you know how they get round that one. They make you wait for months before they put you on the waiting list.A: I don‟t think it‟s as bad as you make out. According to government statistics, waiting lists are coming down.B: That may be true for certain operations such as hernias where you‟re sometimes in and out of hospital within a day. They rush you through the system because they‟re short of beds. Then they hand you over to some elderly relative with a weak heart and expect them to look after you. They c all it “care in the community”.Conversation ThreeDirections: Listen to the conversation between Susan and Jack about why people are overweight, and jot down the reasons they mentioned. Then try to offerthe consequences of being overweight.Susan: Why are there still so many people overweight despite the current fitness craze?Jack: I don‟t know. But there are some factors that affect people‟s size.Susan: What are they?Jack: One study said that low-income groups have a higher percentage of over-weight people than higher income families.Susan: Are there any other factors?Jack: Yes, the study also said that the hotter the climate, the lower the percentage of obese people.Susan: That makes sense. When it‟s hot, you don‟t feel like eating a lot.Jack: And the diet has a lot of fat and oil. We eat a lot of meat. And also we eat more sugar and junk food. But there is another reason why so many people are fat. Susan: What‟s that?Jack: Nobody exercises anymore---not even kids. The average American home has the TV on for six hours a day!Susan: Wow! No wonder people are so fat. You don‟t get enough exercise. Say, Jack, aren‟t you getting a little bigger in the waist?Jack: Yeah, I guess so.Susan: You really need to watch what you eat and get some exercise.Jack: Hey, I started a diet and lost 10 pounds.Susan: So, what happened?Jack: Well, I quit and gained it back plus 5 pounds.Susan: You should have kept trying.Answers1. the lifestyle of low-income groups; the climate also influences the percentage of obesepeople; the things we eat; less exercises.2. Possible answers: Being overweight can lead to many diseases such as high-blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes.。
高等学校研究生英语系列教材(听说教程)(上)Unit2
problem to get away. Hotels are
impossible and even camping’s difficult,
so we decided to stay at home and just go
out for day trips.
L: That sounds sensible.
thorough lazy for a change.
P: Well, you’re certainly looking brown. We toured around Italy. We saw a lot of interesting places. We ate spaghetti in Rome, drank coffee in Venice, and took a lot of pictures. L: Sounds terrific! What was the weather like there? P: The sun was shining everyday, but not as hot as in Spain, I suppose. Fascinating country! I’d never realized how beautiful it was.
going, they knew some local people and they
could eat some of the local food and maybe see some of the local sights.
Other members of the tour group, however, never got out of the group at all. They never went out and did a thing on their own. Of
高等学校研究生英语听说教程-听力原文
UNIT 1Listening for content1.2.FOLLOW UPUNIT 2 Listening for content 1.2.FOLLOW UP 1.2.UNIT 3Listening for content 1.2.FOLLOW UP 1.UNIT 4Listening for content 1.2.FOLLOW UP 1.UNIT 5 Listening for content1.2.FOLLOW UP 1.UNIT 6Listening for content 1.2.FOLLOW UP 1.Unit Eight Part ⅠListening PracticeSection A Safari ParkTask 1 Safari ParkTask 21.Pink.2.C hildren can pet the rabbits, sheep, and other animals.3.I tems from many parts of the world.4.O ver seventy African lions.5.I t is both educational and interesting.6.B ats, owls and other animals.Section B Safari T ourTask 31.You mustn’t get off the land-rover without permission.2.Y ou must all stay close to the guide.3.Y ou all have to sign these insurance declarations.4.Y ou mustn’t disturb the animals.14Task 4nd-rover, could be attacked2.t he reserved area3.c ompany regulation, sign4.n ature reserve, wild, tame, zoos, as quiet as possible, disturb5.50 miles, 806.i nsect repellent, drinking water, a packed lunch, 35mm filmSection C The Afternoon’s TourTask 5The cathedral was built in 1241. It was designed by Hugo Derash, a French, so it’s in Norman sty le. You can see part of the wall, a small statue beside a fountain. It’s in the market place and a regular Tuesday market is held. There is a flower market every two weeks on Saturdays in Summer. The worn statue represents Venus, and the water comes from the springs in the hills and is very clear.Task 61.1241, Great Walls2.France, brother3.Norman, appearance, details4.statue, modern5.market place6.Tuesday7.flower, Saturday, two8.w orn, Venus, Goddess of Love9.springs in the hills10.c rystalSection D Julie’s VacationT ask 71.urban holiday, go camping2.Stanley Park, aquarium, up, museums, galleriesKeys to Exercises3.ride, ferry, out, deck4.seasoned, magazinesTask 81.It’s cold and miserable.2.Busy.3.Because people say it is an elegant city with a lot of British influence.4.A pin with a tiny totem pole on it.Part ⅢListening Comprehension Test1. C2. C3. C4. C5.C6. D。
研究生英语听说教程(引进版)听力原文(CHAPTER 2)
研究生英语听说教程（引进版）听力原文Take on Listening:Listening and Speaking StrategiesLesson 2Denise: Excuse me, miss, how much does it cost to ride BART? Stranger: Well, that depends on your destination. From here to Glen Park it’s only a dollar ten, but if you go as f ar as Fremont, it costs a lot more. Tom: We’re going to Berkeley. Do you know what the fare is? Stranger: There are two stations in Berkeley. Which one are you interested in?Denise: Oh, gee, I’m not sure. We’re from out of town. We’re visiting my sister. She told me her house is just a stone’s throw from the UC Berkeley campus. Which station is that?Stranger: The downtown Berkeley station is really close to the university. I’m sure that’s the one you want.Denise: Tom, are you going to remember this, or should I be jotting this down?Tom: What is there to write down, Denise? The woman is giving us very simple directions. So, how much is the fare to downtown Berkeley? Stranger: Let’s go take a look at the map over there. You see, the map shows you how much it costs to go from one station to another. Ah, there it is: two dollars and sixty-five cents.Tom: Two sixty-five? That’s highway robbery for such a short distance! Denise: You think that’s expensive? Tom from our house to Amherst it costs twice as much as that.Tom: Yeah, but that’s an hour ride. You really get your money’s worth. Stranger: Yeah…Uh…Well, did your sister explain which train to take? Tom: Berkeley. WE take the Berkeley train to Berkeley, right? Stranger: Well, no actually. That’s just one s top on the Richmond line. Here, let me show you on this map. Here we are a t Powell Street in San Francisco, and it’s basically a straight shot on the Richnond line to the downtown Berkeley station.Denise: Yes, my sister said we wouldn’t have to change tr ains. Stranger: Uh-oh, what time is it?Denise: It’s 8:15.Stranger: You can’t go directly to Berkeley from San Francisco after8:04.Tom: Uh-oh. Is there another train we can catch?Stranger: Don’t worry. You can take the Pittsburg line. Look here, take the Pittsburg line to the 12th Street Station in Oakland, and then transfer to the Richmond train. The Richmond train will stop in Berkeley. Get off at the downtown station. From there you can walk to your sister’s house.Denise: We want to be there by 9 o’clock. If we have to transfer, we might be late. Do you think we’ll make it in time?Stranger: It doesn’t take that long. Let’s see; there’s a train from here at 8:18. It arrives at the 12th Street Oakland station at 8:34. You can get a Richmond train righ t away at 8:34, and you’ll arrive in Berkeley at 8:46. Tom: Let’s see if I’ve go t this right: We take the 8:18 Pittsburg train and arrive in Oakland at 8:34. Then we take the 8:34 Richmond train to Berkeley. That should be a snap.Stranger: Yeah, you’ll h ave no trouble.Tom: Thank you very much for your help, Miss. You’re a very kind young lady.Denise: And so pretty and smart, too! Tell me dear, I notice you’re not wearing a ring.Stranger: Well, no, uh…Denise; You know, my sister’s son is very handsome. I think you two would like each other…Stranger: Uh, well; oh! I think I hear your train coming! You’d better hurry so you don’t miss it!Part ThreeExercise 3AThe BART system is a modern metro that links thirty-nine stations throughout Northern Calif ornia’s San Francisco Bay Area. The trains are operated by computers and the BART station platforms have electronic signs that light up with information about trains that will be arriving. Exercise 3C1. How long does it take to get from JFK Boulevard to Town Plaza? That’s JFK Boulevard to Town Plaza.2. What is the fare from Oxford Avenue to College Avenue? That’s Oxford Avenue to College Avenue.3. How much does it cost an dhow long does it take to go fromFifth Street/Florid a to Grove Street? Again, that’s both the fare and time from Fifth Street/Florida to Grove Street.4. How much is a round-trip ticket from 75th Street to Kentucky Street? That’s a round-trip ticket from 75th Street to Kentucky.5. How much time does it take to travel from Kansas Street to20th Street? Again, how much time does it take to travel from Kansas Street to 20th Street?6. You are at the Alabama Street station. It’s twelve noon and you just got on the train. What time will you arrive at the Madrid Avenue station? Again, it’s twelve noon and you’re going from Alabama Street to Madrid Avenue. What time will you arrive at the Madrid Avenue station?7. What time does the 4:07 PM train from Yonkers arrive at Grand Central Terminal? Again, what time does the 4:07 PM train from Yonkers arrive at Grand Central Terminal?8. What time does the 6:20 AM train from Grand Central Terminal arrive in Yonkers? That’s the 6:20 AM train from Grand Central Terminal arrive in Yonkers.9. 9. How many trains are there from Grand Central Terminal to Yonkers from 4:20PM until 7:53 Pm? Again, how many trains are there from Grand Central Terminal to Yonkers from 4:20PM until 7:53 PM? 10. How long is the trip from Yonkers to Grand Central Terminal? Again, that’s the time from Yonkers to Grand Central Terminal.11. Which trains from Yonkers to Grand Central Terminal do not stop at 125th Street? Again, which trains do no stop at 125th Street going from Yonkers to Grand Central Terminal?12. Look at your watch. What time is it right now? What time will the next train from Grand Central Terminal arrive at 125th Street? Again, using the time now, when will the next train from Grand Central Terminal arrive at 125th Street?Part FourExercise 11. Was her flight from New York on time?2. Did you get the rental car information?3. Which bus do I take to go downtown?4. Is Alice meeting us at the train station?5. Why was the man yelling at the stranger?6. Are you going to call the travel agent today?7. How long do we have to wait for the next bus?8. Where are you going after the meeting?9. What did you do with your extra ticket?10. Were you going to go to the airport alone?Exercise 21. What time did the plane arrive?2. How often do you take the bus?3. Did someone meet them at the airport?4. Why didn’t she tell us she would be late?5. Who will pay for the extra ticket?6. Were you at the bus station yesterday?7. How far is it from here to New Jersey?8. Which bus do you think we should take?9. Whose purse was left on the bus?10. Are you meeting your brother at the bus station?Part FiveExercise 11. How much is the fare to Kansas ST.?2. When is the next Yonkers train?3. Does this bus go to City Hall?4. How long does it take to get to Park Lane?5. Which line do I need to take to get to the Macarthur Station?6. Can you tell me how far the trip from Boston to San Diego is?7. What’s the fastest way to get to Grand Central Terminal from here?8. Do you know where the train for Atlanta stops?Exercise 2:1. The 12:20 train to Seattle will leave in two minutes.2. The next train to Yonkers will leave from Grand Central Terminal in ten minutes.3. A round-trip ticket from JFK Boulevard to Kansas St. is $2.90.4. We’re sorry, but the 12:10 train Riverdale will be six minutes late.5. The bus from Los Angles to Burbank leaves every fifteen minutes at that time of the day.6. The next Fremont train will leave from platfor number 4 in half an hour.Exercise 31. Question: Where does this person want to go?A: Pardon me, how much does it cost to go to the Jefferson Auditorium? B: That’s $1.80 one way, but you can’t go directly there after 6:00 PM. You’ll have to take a Lenox train at that hour and then transfer to a Hastings train at the Portsmouth station.2．Question: What time will the next bus for Chicago leave?A: Excuse me, when does the next bus to downtown Chicago leave? B: Let’s see. One just left at 8:00. The schedul e says that that bus leaves every fifteen minutes, so…A: Uh-oh;it’s already 8:10. I’d better hurry.B: Ooh, I hope you make it.2. Question: What is the total round-trip fare for the children?A: May I help you?B: Yeah, we’d like to get tickets from Portland to Long beach.A: When are you planning on going?B: We were thinking of going the week of June 15th.A: Gook. That’s far enough in advance to take advantage of our supersaver fares. If you purchase your tickets thirty days in advance, it will only cost $240 round trip.B: $240. That sounds good.A: How many people are in your party?B: There’s my wife and me, plus our two kids.A: Ooh, we have a special discount available for our young travelers. Let’s see, kids under twelve fly for half pri ce and those under three can go for free.B: Well, Evelynne is six and Renee is one.A: Very good. Let me check the computer to see which flights are open the week of the 15th.Exercise 41. It’s really easy to get to school from my house by bu s.2. Greenwich is very close to London.3. I take a 20-minute bus ride from home to work every day.4. I leave my house each day at 8 am.5. WE’re going to Hawaii for our next vacation.6. According to this, the train to Vancouver will arrive in ten mnutes.7. Do I need a Bakerloo or a Victoria train to get to Picadilly Circus?8. How much is a ticket to Baltimore an then back again?9. You need to take a #5 bus to the Berman Station. Then, catch a #12.10. This bus is too crowded between 7am and 9am.。
英语听力教程(第2册)Unit 2 听力原文
Unit 2 听力原文PartⅠBH—House agent W—Woman M—ManH: …right, if you’d just come this way.W: Thank you.M: Yes.H: Er…on the right here we have the…er…the bathroom, which as you can see is fully…fully fitted. If we just move forward now, we…er…come into the er…main … main bed-sitting room here. And…er…on the left here are dining room table and chairs.W: Oh yes.M: Yes.H: And er…straight ahead of us…um…foldaway double bed and mattress, which I think you’ll agree is quite a novel idea.M: Oh yes.H: And then…um…to…W: Behind the armchair.H: Yes, behind the armchair. To our right, um…in the corner there, a fitted wardrobe. And another one on my left here.W: On either side of the bed?H: Yes, that’s right. That’s right, so you can put all you…er…night attire or what … whatever jyou like in here.M: Yes, that’s good.H: (facing the door) Then, there…the…we have the sofa here…er…in front of the…um…the window.M: Oh, yes.H: Er…so there’s plenty of light coming through into the room and as you can see there’s a nice view through the windows there.W: No curtains, though.H: No curtains, but we’ve got roller blinds.W: Oh.H: Yes, they’re nice and straight forward. No problems about that—don’t have to wash them of course. And…um…on the left of the…er…sofa there, you can see nice coffee tables.H: If…if we move straight a … straight ahead, actually, into the …er… the kitchen you can see that um…on my left here we’ve got a washing machine, tumble dryer and …um…electric cooker…W: Oh yes.M: Mmm.H: All as you can see to the most modern designs. And there um…on the other side of the kitchen…um…refrigerator there in the…in the corner.M: Oh yeah, yes.W: Oh, what a nice little cubbyhole! Yes, very neat.H: Yes. Well…um… I don’t know whether you’ve got any questions. That’s it of course.W: Well, could…could we perhaps see the bathroom, because we…we didn’t see that?H: OK, yes, yes, Let’s…um…let’s go on out of here and…um…end up in the bathroom…CD—Dave R—RandallD: Hi Randall. (Hi.) Come on in.R: Uh, yeah, I stopped by to see if you were still looking for a roommate to share your house.D: Yep. I sure am. Ever since I cut back on my working hours to go to school, I’ve been really strapped for cash.R: Oh.D: Hey, let me show you the place. Uh, here’s the living room.R: Oh. It looks like you could use a new carpet…and those stains?D: Well, I’ve had a few problems with some former roommates. I know it needs to be cleaned, but I just don’t have the money to do it right now.R: Oh. And what about the kitchen?D: Right this way. Look. It’s completely furnished with all the latest appliances, except…R: What?D: Well, the refrigerator door is broken…a little bit…and it won’t shut all the way. It needs fixing, but don’t worry. I’ve just impoversihed by pushing a box against it to keep it shut.R: Hmm. Great.D: Ah. It isn’t that bad.R: Well how about the bathroom?D: Well…R: No, no. Don’t tell me. The toilet is clogged or the sink has a few leaks.D: No, those work fine, but, uh, the tile in the shower needs to be replaces, and the window needs fixing.R: Let me see. The tile…what? The window? Where’s the window pane?D: Well, that’s another slight problem. I’ve put up a piece of cardboard to keep out the (Hmmm) rain and snow, and if it gets a little cold, you can always turn up the heat. Well, you used to until the central heating went out. (Oh, boy.)R: Hey, I think I’ve seen enough. I can’t believe you’ve survived under these conditions.D: So what do you think? You really can’t beat a place like this for $450 a month. So it has its problems, but we can fix those.R: Uh, no thank you. I think I’ve seen enough.Part Ⅱ1. My dream house would be a canal boat. I’d like to wake up every morning and see the water. Erm, I’d paint it bright red, and it would have a little roof-garden for all my pot-plants.2. My ideal house would be modern, ermm, it would be made of bricks, and it would have white pillars outside the front door, and it would be detached…on yes, it would have a garage.3. My ideal home would be to live in a cottage in a small village by the sea. Er, somewhere like Cornwall, so it’s unspoilt and there are cliffs and trees around.4. I think if I could have any sort of house, I’d like one of those white-walled villas in Spain. (It’d) Be marvelous to be able to just fall out of bed and into the sea first thing in the morning. (It’d) Be absolutely great. All that heat. Marvelous.5. I’ve always wanted to live in a really big house in the country, a big family house with, er…at least two hundred years old, I think, with a big garden, and best of all I’d like to have a dry-stonewall around the garden. I’ve always lived dry-stone walls.6. D’you know, I may sound daft but what I’ve always wanted to do is live somewhere totally isolated, preferably somewhere enormous like a castle or something, you know, right out in…by the sea or even sort of in a little island, on an island, you know, out at sea, where you have to get there by a boat or something, where it’s cut off at high tide. I think it’d be really great. Questions1. According to the first speaker, in what color would her dream house be painted?2. Where would she put all her pot-plants?3. In the second speaker’s opinion, what would there be outside the front door of his ideal house?4. What would there be around the third speaker’s ideal home?5. When the fourth speaker got up in the morning, what would he do first?6. What is Spain famous for?7. According to the fifth speaker, what would she like to have around the garden of her dream house?8. How should one get to the last speaker’s ideal house?Part ⅢW—Wendy Stott H—House ownerW: Oh hello. (Hello.) My name’s Wendy Scott. Did the estate agent ring you and tell you I was coming?H: Oh yes, yes I was expecting you. Do come in. (Thank you.) Have you had the particulars and everything? Did the estate agent give you, you know, all the details?W: Oh yes. Yes I have, and I was rather interested; that was why I came round this afternoon. You seem to have decorated quite recently…H: Yes, oh, yes, it was decorated last year. Now this is the … this is the kitchen.W: Yes…er… What kitchen equipment are you leaving behind or are you going to take it all?H: Well, you know it rather depends on what I end up buying. I’ve got something in mind at the moment but as you know these things can take ages (Yes.) but the place I’m going to has no gas so I’ll probably be leaving this stove, this oven here.W: Is it…is it quite new? Have you had it long?H: Oh, no, not long. It’s about five or six years old. (I see.) I’ve found it very reliable but I shall be taking that fridge but you can see everything else. It’s a fully fitted kitchen.W: Yes, what about the dishwasher…um…is that a dishwasher under the sink?H: No, no, that’s a washing machine, I shall be taking that, yes, I will but there is plumbing for a washing machine. (Right.)W: Is the gas cooker the only gas appliance you’ve got?H: No, no, there is a gas fire but I don’t use it very much; it’s in the main room, the lounge.W: Oh. Right. That seems fine.H: Well, then across here if you’d like to come in with me, this is the sitting room. (Oh. Yes.) Well you can see for yourself it is really.W: Oh I like the windows, right down to the floor, that’s really nice…H: Yes, yes, they are nice. It’s got a very pleasant view and there’s a balcony you can sit out on in the summer. (Yes, it’s a nice view.) Yes, it is nice. Now then across here this is the smallest bedroom; (Yes.) there are three rooms, this is the smallest and it’s no more really than a box room but of course you can get a bed in.W: You could make it into a study. It would be more useful I think.H: Yes, well I think somebody else has got this room as a study. Then this…this is the second bedroom. (Yes.) As you can see it’s got a fitted cupboard and those shelves there they are also fitted.W: Have you got an airing cupboard anywhere?H: Oh. Yes, there’s one in the bathroom. I’ll show you that in a moment. (Oh right.) Now this is the third bedroom, this is the largest bedroom. (Oh.) Of course it’s got the wash basin, double fitted cupboard, plenty of space really, there, (Very nice.) and of course this room does take the double bed. Now…um…this is the bathroom. There’s the airing cupboard. (Is that the airing cupboard?) Yes, that’s right. It’s nice and warm in there; it’s rather small but I mean it is adequate, you know, and of course there is…there is the shower.W: Is that, did you put that in yourself or was it in with the flat?H: Oh, no. No that was in when the flat was built.W: Is it quite reliable? (Oh yes.) because I’ve had problems with a shower recently? (Yes, no I’ve never had problems with that. No. It’s really good.) Is it gas heated at the water point?H: No, that is electric. (Ah.)Statements:1. Wendy Stott knows nothing about the flat before she comes to have a look at it.2. The flat was decorated five or six years ago.3. The house owner has used the oven and the stove for about five or six years.4. The windows in the largest bedroom are right down to the floor.5. There is a balcony in the sitting-room.Part ⅥInterviewer: how important are property prices in the economy?Roy: In the UK, most people invest most of their money in their house. So property prices are extremely important.Interviewer: Mmm. What’s you view on the UK property market? Do you think prices are too high?Roy: Well, in recent years, prices have gone up…ten to twenty percent a year, um…in some years even more. But inflation has been just two or three percent a year. So I think it’s clear that, um…the bloom has to end.Interviewer: Mmm. The last property market crash, in the UK, was in the late 1980s, and it put the UK economy into a recession. Do you think the same thing will happen again.Roy: I don’t think prices will crash. The…the economic situation was different in the late 80s…interest rates rose quite fast just before property prices fell. Today the Bank of England is much more careful with… with changes in interest rates. The other important difference, I think, is that then unemployment was quite high. Today, it’s very low—about five percent. So I don’t think prices will crash, but it is possible they’ll fall a little. Or stay at the same level for a few years.Interviewer: Banks have lent people a lot of money in recent years. People have got big mortgages. Do you think there’ll be a problem? Will people have less money to spend in the future?Roy: Oh, certainly. Because the loan haven’t just been mortgages — people have also borrowed money to spend in the shops. So far, that’s helped the economy, because spending has been high. But at the end of the day, people will have to pay the money back. So I think we’ll see lowerconsumer spending over the next few years.PartⅤApartment manager: well, hi, Mr. Brown. How’s your apartment working out for you?Tenant: Well Mr. Nelson. That’s what I would like to talk to you about. (What?) Well, I want to talk to you about that noise! (Oh) You see. Would you mind talking to the tenant in 4B and ask him to keep his music down, especially after 10:00 o’clock at night?Apartment Manager: Ohhh. Who me?Tenant: Why yes. The music is blaring almost every night, and it should be your job as manager to take care of these things.Apartment Manager: Hey, I just collect the rent. Besides, the man living there is the owner’s son, and he’s a walking refrigerator. (Well . . .) Hey, I’ll see what I can do. Anything else?Tenant: Well, yes. Could you talk to the owners of the property next door about the pungent odor drifting this way.Apartment Manager: Well, the area is zoned for agricultural and livestock use, so there’s nothing much I can do about that.Tenant: Well, what about the . . . . That, that noise.Apartment Manager: What noise? I don’t hear anything.Tenant: There, there it is again.Apartment Manager: What noise?Tenant: That noise.Apartment Manager: Oh, that noise. I guess the military has resumed its exercises on the artillery range.Tenant: You have to be kidding. Can’t anything be done about it?Apartment Manager: Why certainly. I’ve protested this activity, and these weekly (Weekly!) activities should cease . . . within the next three to five years.Tenant: Hey, you never told me about these problems before I signed the rental agreement.。
英语高级视听说听力原文unit2thenewspace
英语高级视听说听力原文U n i t2 T h e n e w s p a c e r a c e(总5页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--Unit 2 The new space raceA plan to build the world's first airport for launching commercial spacecraft in New Mexico is the latest development in the new space race, a race among private companies and billionaire entrepreneurs to carry paying passengers into space and to kick-start a new industry, astro tourism.The man who is leading the race may not be familiar to you, but to astronauts, pilots, and aeronautical engineers – basically to anyone who knows anything about aircraft design –Burt Rutan is a legend, an aeronautical engineer whose latest aircraft is the world's first private spaceship. As he told 60 Minutes correspondent Ed Bradley when he first met him a little over a year ago, if his idea flies, someday space travel may be cheap enough and safe enough for ordinary people to go where only astronauts have gone before.The White Knight is a rather unusual looking aircraft, built just for the purpose of carrying a rocket plane called SpaceShipOne, the first spacecraft built by private enterprise.White Knight and SpaceShipOne are the latest creations of Burt Rutan. They're part of his dream to develop a commercial travel business in space."There will be a new industry. And we are just now in a beginning. I will predict that in 12 or 15 years, there will be tens of thousands, maybe even hundreds of thousands of people that fly, and see that black sky," says Rutan.On June 21, 2004, White Knight took off from an airstrip in Mojave, Calif., carrying Rutan's spaceship. It took 63 minutes to reach the launch altitude of 47,000 feet. Once there, the White Knight crew prepared to release the spaceship one.The fierce acceleration slammed Mike Melvill, the pilot, back in his seat. He put SpaceShipOne into a near vertical trajectory, until, as planned, the fuel ran out.Still climbing like a spent bullet, Melvill hoped to gain as much altitude as possible to reach space before the ship began falling back to earth.By the time the spaceship one reached the end of its climb, it was 22 miles off course. But it had, just barely, reached an altitude of just over 62 miles — the internationally recognized boundary of space.It was the news Rutan had been waiting for. Falling back to Earth from an altitude of 62 miles, SpaceShipOne's tilting wing, a revolutionary innovation called the feather, caused the rocket plane to position itself for a relatively benign re-entry and turned the spaceship into a glider.SpaceShipOne glided to a flawless landing before a crowd ofthousands."After that June flight, I felt like I was floating around and just once in a while touching the ground," remembers Rutan. "We had an operable space plane."Rutan's "operable space plane" was built by a company with only 130 employees at a cost of just $25 million. He believes his success has ended the government's monopoly on space travel, and opened it up to the ordinary citizen."I concluded that for affordable travel to happen, the little guy had to do it because he had the incentive for a business," says Rutan.Does Rutan view this as a business venture or a technological challenge?"It's a technological challenge first. And it's a dream I had when I was 12," he says.Rutan started building model airplanes when he was seven years old, in Dyenuba, Calif., where he grew up."I was fascinated by putting balsa wood together and see how it would fly," he remembers. "And when I started having the capability to do contests and actually win a trophy by making a better model, then I was hooked."He's been hooked ever since. He designed his first airplane in 1968 and flew it four years later. Since then his airplanes have become known for their stunning looks, innovative design and technological sophistication.Rutan began designing a spaceship nearly a decade ago, after setting up set up his own aeronautical research and design firm. By the year 2000, he had turned his designs into models and was testing them outside his office."When I got to the point that I knew that I could make a safe spaceship that would fly a manned space mission -- when I say, 'I,' not the government, our little team -- I told Paul Allen, 'I think we can do this.' And he immediately said, 'Go with it.'"Paul Allen co-founded Microsoft and is one of the richest men in the world. His decision to pump $25 million into Rutan's company, Scaled Composites, was the vote of confidence that his engineers needed to proceed."That was a heck of a challenge to put in front of some people like us, where we're told,'Well, you can't do that. You wanna seeWe can do this," says Pete Sebold.Work on White Knight and SpaceShipOne started four years ago in secret. Both aircraft were custom made from scratch by a team of 12 engineers using layers of tough carbon fabric glued together with epoxy. Designed to be light-weight, SpaceShipOne can withstand thestress of re-entry because of the radical way it comes back into the atmosphere, like a badminton shuttlecock or a birdie.He showed 60 Minutes how it works."Feathering the wing is kind of a dramatic thing, in that it changes the whole configuration of the airplane," he explains. "And this is done in space, okayIt's done after you fly into space.""We have done six reentries. Three of them from space and three of them from lower altitudes. And some of them have even come down upside down. And the airplane by itself straightens itself right up," Rutan explainsBy September 2004, Rutan was ready for his next challenge: an attempt to win a $10 million prize to be the first to fly a privately funded spacecraft into space, and do it twice in two weeks."After we had flown the June flight, and we had reached the goal of our program, then the most important thing was to win that prize," says Rutan.That prize was the Ansari X Prize – an extraordinary competition created in 1996 to stimulate private investment in space.The first of the two flights was piloted, once again, by Mike Melvill.September's flight put Melville's skill and training to the test. As he was climbing out of the atmosphere, the spacecraft suddenly went into a series of rolls.How concerned was he"Well, I thought I could work it out. I'm very confident when I'm flying a plane when I've got the controls in my hand. I always believed I can fix this no matter how bad it gets," says Melville.SpaceShipOne rolled 29 times before he regained control. The remainder of the flight was without incident, and Melvill made the 20-minute glide back to the Mojave airport. The landing on that September afternoon was flawless.Because Rutan wanted to attempt the second required flight just four days later, the engineers had little time to find out what had gone wrong. Working 12-hour shifts, they discovered they didn't need to fix the spacecraft, just the way in which the pilots flew it. For the second flight, it was test pilot Brian Binnie's turn to fly SpaceShipOne.The spaceship flew upward on a perfect trajectory, breaking through to space.Rutan's SpaceShipOne had flown to space twice in two weeks, captured the X Prize worth $10 million, and won bragging rights over the space establishment."You know I was wondering what they are feeling, 'They' being that other space agency," Rutan says laughing. "You know, quite frankly, I think the big guys, the Boeings, the Lockheeds, the nay-say people at Houston, I think they're looking at each other now and saying 'We're screwed!' Because, I'll tell you something, I have a hell of a lot bigger goal than they do!""The astronauts say that the most exciting experience is floating around in a space suit," says Rutan, showing off his own plans. "But I don't agree. A space suit is an awful thing. It constrains you and it has noisy fans running. Now look over here. It's quiet. And you're out here watching the world go by in what you might call a 'spiritual dome.' Well, that, to me, is better than a space suit because you're not constrained."He also has a vision for a resort hotel in space, and says it all could be accomplished in the foreseeable future. Rutan believes it is the dawn of a new era.He explains, "I think we've proven now that the small guys can build a space ship and go to space. And not only that, we've convinced a rich guy, a very rich guy, to come to this country and build a space program to take everyday people to space."That "rich guy" is Richard Branson, the English billionaire who owns Virgin Atlantic Airlines. Branson has signed a $120 million deal with Rutan to build five spaceships for paying customers. Named "Virgin Galactic," it will be the world's first "spaceline." Flights are expected to begin in 2008."We believe by flying tens of thousands of people to space, and making that a profitable business, that that will lead into affordable orbital travel," says Rutan.Rutan thinks there "absolutely" is a market for this.With tickets initially going for $200,000, the market is limited. Nevertheless, Virgin Galactic says 38,000 people have put down a deposit for a seat, and 90 of those have paid the full $200,000.But Rutan has another vision. "The goal is affordable travel above low-Earth orbit. In other words, affordable travel for us to go to the moon. Affordable travel. That means not just NASA astronauts, but thousands of people being able to go to the moon," he says. "I'd like to go. Wouldn't you"。
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UNIT 25What’s She Like?Describing the Appearance and Character of People IntroductionIn your everyday life, you usually have to answer questions such as “What’s so-and-so like?”This question doesn’t mean that you have to exactly describe the appearance of thisperson. The best way to answer this kind of question is to point out what kind of person he orshe is and then maybe the characteristics of his or her appearance. To ask about a person’s 5appearance specifically, the question “What does so-and-so look like?”is usually used.Consider the following clues in describing people.Physical description: general personal impression, age, height, face, clothes and so on.Other characteristics: personality, job, interests or hobbies, their life history, achievements, family and so on.Make sure you realize that the description of a person or place should be tactful. It is extremely rude to say to someone something like this: “You are a narrow-minded overweightmiddle-aged person!”5Part One Listening InKen: Hello?Mary: Hi, Ken. It’s Mary, Mary Graham.Ken: Oh hi, Mary. How are you?Mary: I’m fine. How are you?Ken: Fine.Mary: Listen, um... I want to ask you some questions about Jim Wilson—you know him, don’t you?Ken: Sure.5Mary: What’s he like?Ken: Well, why are you asking about Jim?Mary: Well, I want to try and get a part-time job at his store...Ken: Oh, well Jim’s a nice guy...Mary: Mm-hmm.Ken: I mean he’ll give you decent hours, a decent wage, and plenty of breaks.Mary: Well, that sounds good. Um, what does he look like? I’ve got to meet him at the Sunset Restaurant for lunch and I can’t remember.Ken: Oh, well he’s about thirty-six...Mary: Uh-huh.5Ken: ... six-foot-two...Mary: Oh, sounds kind of nice.Ken: Mm.Mary: Um, is he a, a formal kind of guy, or does he dress casually?Ken: Oh, he rarely dresses casually. He always wears three-piece suits and ties—dresses very 0much in style.Mary: Oh, I see, I better dress up then...Ken: Yeah, it might be a good idea.Part Two Better Listening5Section A006: You’d better give me my instructions. I have to leave soon.Z: Just a minute, 006. I have a message for you. You have to meet the Boss, tonight.006: Oh no! Not... the Boss!Z: That’s right, 006! He’ll be in a disco called Mama Mia tonight at ten o’clock.006: In a disco? But... I’ve never met him! What does he look like?Z: Well, he’s very tall, very tall, and he has very long, dark hair.006: Long hair? How old is he?5Z: Mm... About forty-five, I guess.006: And what about a flower? Will he be wearing a flower of any kind?Z: A flower? No. But he will be wearing a T-shirt saying “Bruce Springs is the Boss!”006: A Bruce Springs T-shirt?! All right, Z. And thanks!Z: Good luck, 006. And enjoy the disco! Listen carefully. You have to meet Agent X at the bus 0station at 7:00 this evening.Section BConversation One5Reporting a CrimePoliceman: You say he was around average height.Victim: Yes, that’s right. Around five nine, five ten.Policeman: Weight?Victim: I’m not sure. Medium, I suppose. Maybe a little on the heavy side.Policeman: Any marks on his face?Victim: No, I don’t think so.Policeman: Glasses?Victim: No.Policeman: What about his hair?5Victim: Black or dark brown.5Policeman: Long or short? Straight? Curly?Victim: Straight, I think, and about average length.Policeman: Boy, this sure doesn’t help us very much. It could be anybody. How about hisclothes? What was he wearing?Victim: Well, he had a checked or a plaid shirt—you know, the kind that lumberjacks wear. 0Policeman: OK, now we’re getting somewhere. Pants?Victim: Dark, maybe dark blue, maybe black. I’m not sure.Policeman: What kind of shoes?Victim: Boots.Policeman: Cowboy boots?5Victim: No, hiking boots—brown ones.Policeman: All right, that narrows it down a little. Now I want you to look at some pictures.(a picture)Conversation TwoA: Pardon me. Would you know who that gentleman over there is?B: The one with the moustache, you mean?A: That’s right.B: That’s Mr. Thayer, the delegate from Australia.5A: Do you know who that gentleman is?B: Which gentleman?A: The one who’s talking to the man from India.B: Oh, yes. That’s Dr. Koo. He’s the delegate from Taiwan.A: I wonder who that delegate is.B: Which one?A: The attractive woman in the long skirt.B: That’s Mrs. Nababan. She’s from Indonesia.A: What a wonderful costume that delegate is wearing.B: Which one do you mean?5A: The man who’s standing next to the door.B: Ah, yes. That’s the delegate from Nigeria. Mr. Achebe, I think.A: Who’s that woman talking to Mr. de Souza?B: The one in the black evening gown?A: Yes, that’s right.B: That’s Mrs. Baldez from Mexico.Section A55Suggested accepting responses:W: Officer! Officer!O: Yes, ma’am.W: Somebody just took my purse! My money, my credit cards—everything’s gone!O: All right. Just calm down a minute. OK. Now, what did the person look like?W: He was kind of tall and thin.O: About how tall was he?W: Around five foot ten.O: Five foot ten. And how much did he weigh?W: I’m not sure. Maybe around 140 pounds.5O: And about how old was he?W: Oh, he was fairly young—in his mid-teens, I think... sixteen or seventeen.O: And what color was his hair?W: Blond, and it was long and straight.O: Eyes?W: I don’t know. It all happened so fast.O: Yes, of course. What was he wearing?W: Jeans and a T-shirt. Oh, and a denim vest.O: Fine, and now tell me about your purse. What did it look like?W: Well, it was dark brown, and it had a shoulder strap.5O: What was it made of?W: Leather.O: OK, now I’ll need your name and address.Part Four Comprehensive PracticeSection AMs. Mendose: OK. That’s it. Now, we have to make a decision. We might as well do that now,don’t you think?5Mr. Day: Sure. Let’s see. First we saw Frank Brzinski. What did you think of him?Ms. Mendose: Mmm. Frank. Well, he’s certainly a very polite young man.Mr. Day: Yes. And very relaxed, too. That’s important.Ms. Mendose: But his appearance!Mr. Day: Ummm. He wasn’t well dressed at all, was he? He wasn’t even wearing a tie!Ms. Mendose: But he did have a nice voice. He’d sound good on the telephone.Mr. Day: True. And I thought he seemed very intelligent. He answered all our questions very well.Ms. Mendose: That’s true. But dressing well is important. Well, let’s think about the others.Now, what about Barbara Jones? She had a nice voice, too. She’d sound good 5on the telephone, and she was well-dressed, too. What did you think of her?5Mr. Day: Mmmm. She did look very neat. Very nicely dressed. But I...Ms. Mendose: But so shy! She wouldn’t be very good at talking to people at the front desk,would she?Ms. Day: No. That’s really my worry about her. But she seemed pretty smart I thought.Ms. Mendose: Yes, yes, she did seem intelligent. But so nervous. So uncomfortable.Mr. Day: Ummm. OK. Now, who was next? Ah, yes. David Wallace I thought he was very good, had a lot of potential. What about you?Ms. Mendose: Mmm. He seemed like a very bright guy, didn’t you think? He dressed verynicely, too, and he had a really nice appearance.Mr. Day: Ummm. And what about his personality? He seemed relaxed to me—the type of 5person people feel comfortable with right away. I guess I was pretty impressed byhim.Ms. Mendose: Yes, I was too. He was very polite, but also very friendly and relaxed, as yousay. I think he’d be very good with the guests at the front desk, don’t you?Mr. Day: Yes, I do. He had a very pleasant voice, too.Ms. Mendose: That’s right. Well, was there anyone else? Oh yeah. Lois Johnson. I reallydidn’t think very much of her. She was too quiet. She hardly said a word.Mr. Day: That’s right. And when she did speak, I could hardly hear a word she was saying, she spoke so quietly?Ms. Mendose: Yeah. She was polite enough, I suppose... But another thing. She wasn’t very 5well dressed for an interview. I’m not sure she would know how to dress forthe job.Mr. Day: I agree. And she didn’t seem to understand half of our questions, either. She certainly gave some very strange answers when she did answer!Ms. Mendose: Ummm. OK. Good. I guess we have our receptionist, then, don’t you?Mr. Day: Yes, I think so. We’ll just offer the job to...。