高中英语高考十大词性-句子成分与基本句型讲解与练习(附答案)-湖南重点高中内训秘题
十大词性句子成分及基本句型讲解及练习(附问题详解)
His hobby iscollecting foreign stamps. （动名词短语）
My wish isto become a doctorin the future. （不定式短语）
The news of her success is reallyexciting. （现在分词）（已形容词化）
（2）判断下列句子是简单句并列句还是复合句？
1)We often studyChinesehistory onFriday afternoon.
2)The boy who offeredme hisseat is called Tom.
3)There is a chair in this room, isn’t there?
[To hear more clearly],shesat in the front of the classroom. （不定式）
smile a sweetsmile甜甜的微笑 dream a terribledream做了一个恶梦
die a bravedeath死得英勇 live a happylife过着幸福的生活
4.表语（在系动词之后）
说明主语是什么样的。（身份 状态 特征 类属 性质等） 表语与前面的系动词一起构成谓语。
5.介词： 表运动： across/ through/ over/ pass…
表方位：….
其他
功能：用在名词、代词等前面，说明句子中词与词之间的关系
6． 形容词： 平级、比较级、最高级
功能：用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特性、性质
7. 副词：平级、比较级、最高级
功能：用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，表示动作或形状的特性
英语十大词性、句子成分及五种基本句型
英语十大词性、句子成分及五种基本句型模块一：句子结构重点】一、词性的概念：二、词性的作用：三、句子结构：了解句子结构对于正确理解和使用英语句子同样具有重要的意义。
在写作和口语表达中，正确的句子结构可以使语言更加流畅、准确、生动。
因此，我们需要不断地练和掌握英语句子的结构，提高自己的语言表达能力。
I find the book to be too expensive。
There are five basic ___:1) S + Vi (intransitive verb) (predicate) → subject-predicate structureFor example。
"Time flies."1) S + V + adverb (adverbial)For example。
"___."2) S + Vi + nal phrase (adverbial)For example。
"He went on holiday."3) S + Vi + infinitive (adverbial)For example。
"We ped to have a rest."4) S + Vi + participle (adverbial)For example。
"I'll go swimming."2) S + Vt (transitive verb) (predicate) + O (object) → subject-predicate-object structureFor example。
"We like English."1) S + Vt + noun/pronounFor example。
"I like music."2) S + Vt + infinitive。
最新十大词性 句子成分及基本句型讲解及练习(附答案)
十大词性、句子成分分析、五大基本句型及句子类型讲解与练习一、新课导入个体名词集体名词普通名词 物质名词1.名词 抽象名词专有名词功能：表示人或事物的名称人称代词： 主格 宾格 （注意it 的用法）物主代词： 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词指示代词：this, that, these, those单数：myself`, yourself, himself, herself, itself, oneself反身代词：复数：ourselves, yourselves, themselves2.代词疑问代词：who, whom, whose, what, which.简单不定代词：One/ones, Either/neither, both/all, each/ everyanother, other, the other, others, the others复合不定代词： somebody, anybody, nobody不定代词 someone, anyone, no onesomething, anything, nothingeverybody, everyone, everything功能：用来代替名词、形容词或数词等3.数词： 基数词 序数词 功能：表数量或顺序4.冠词： 定冠词 不定冠词 零冠词 //功能：用在名词前，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物表地点：at/ in/ on/ to, above/ over/ on, below/ under/ underneath ….表时间： in/ on/ at, in/ after, from/since from, after/ behind,5.介词： 表运动： across/ through/ over/ pass …表方位：….其他功能：用在名词、代词等前面，说明句子中词与词之间的关系可数名词不可数名词6．形容词：平级、比较级、最高级功能：用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特性、性质7. 副词：平级、比较级、最高级功能：用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，表示动作或形状的特性并列连词：and/ both/ or/ not only…but also, but/however/ yet/ still/ while…8. 连词：从属连词: if/ unless, because/as/ since, although/though…功能：用来连接词、短语或句子实义动词（vi./vt.）系动词助动词9. 动词：情态动词不定式（to do）非谓语动词分词: 现在分词（-ing）和过去分词（-ed）动名词（-ing）功能：表示人或事物的动作或状态10. 感叹词：oh ah well…功能：表示说话时的感情或口气课前小测：1.句子成分摸底测试：（1）指出下列句子划线部分是句子的什么成分？1)The students got on the school bus.2)He handed me the newspaper.3)I shall answer your questions after class.4)What a beautiful Chinese painting!5)They went hunting together early in the morning.（2）判断下列句子是简单句并列句还是复合句？1)We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.2)The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.3)There is a chair in this room, isn’t there?4)My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning.5)He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.二：新课讲解：（一）句子成分七种句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语（直接宾语、间接宾语）、定语、状语、补语、表语等。
(完整版)英语十大词性、句子成分及五种基本句型.docx
模块一：句子结构【重点】一、词性的概念：英语中的单词根据词义、句法作用和形式特征所作的分类。
共有十类：名词、动词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。
1、名词 ," 名 " 就是名称 --- 人或事物的名称.具体的人或物体的名称:人名 ---Mike, LiMing;地名—America, China动物名---pig, dog;植物名---tree, wheat。
抽象的事物的名称 :idea(主意 ), victory( 胜利 ), knowledge( 知识 ).2、代词，何谓“代”？即是替代的意思，主要是来替代名词，所以说名词和代词关系是很近的，或者说代词的实质就是名词，正是这种血液关系，绝大多数时候代词跟名词在句中起的作用是一样的。
代词，从英语词汇的整体来看数量并不多。
3、动词 ," 动 " 就是动作 --人的五官动作: walk, jump, swim; 人的大脑动作(心理活动 ):think, imagine 。
也有些动词是表示静止的，如：am， is， are。
4、形容词，我们在谈论人或物时，常说：“你描述一下是什么样子。
”你就要用上：tall（高的），short 矮的），black（黑的），white （白的）这些词往往是修饰名词，它们就是形容词。
5、副词，说人行走得快慢，讲话清楚，在英语里就要用quickly （快地），slowly（慢地）， clearly （清楚地）这些词往往来修饰动词。
它们就是副词。
副词很多是从形容词加ly 构成的，所以看单词词尾是否有ly 是判断是否是副词的一种方法，但是词尾是ly 的也不一定都是副词，可能是形容词，不过只有少量的单词（常见的有likely ， friendly lovely ， lonely ， weekly ， monthly ， yearly ） , 这几个单词需要加强记忆，也不就是几个单词特殊嘛，不过考试往往就考特殊的，你要小心才是呀！6、介词，英语用词里介词也属于难缠的一个。
高中英语语法专题讲解：词性、成分与句子结构附练习题
高中英语语法专题讲解词性、成分与句子结构（一）词性一、四大词性与句子结构紧密相关1. 名词：主语、宾语、表语、同位语2. 动词：谓语3. 形容词：定语、表语、补语4. 副词：状语二、其他词性1. 代词：主宾表2. 疑问词who, whom, whose, what, which（主宾语，两个例外）when, where, why, how（状）（二）句子成分主、谓、宾、定、状、补、表、同位。
句子成分口诀：主谓宾，定状补，主干枝叶分清楚。
主干成分主谓宾，枝叶成分定状补。
定语必居主宾前，谓前为状谓后补。
状语有时位主前，逗号分开心有数。
基本成分主谓宾，连带成分定状补。
主语宾语adj.物主代词（定语）n.物主代词（主宾表）反身代词（宾表）我I me my mine myself我们we us our ours ourselves你you you your yours yourself你们you you your yours yourselves他he him his his himself她she her her hers herself它it it its its itself他们they them their theirs themselvesNo news is good news. 没消息就是好消息。
一、主语：句子开头的、动词/助动词或be 之前的那个成分。
充当主语的有：名词、代词、名词短语、动词不定式、动名词、从句。
I like dancing.The girl is very smart.Xiao Ming would go to the countryside to see his grandpa.二、谓语：主语后面的动词或动词词组。
She made a speech at the meeting.The old man took care of the kid many years ago.Flight 258 is taking off.三、宾语（由名词、代词、名词短语、动词不定式、动名词、从句充当）：牢记两个词：动宾、介宾1. 动宾：及物动词之后的宾语。
英语十大词性五大句型
There are few cars in the parking lot, are there?（反义疑问句）
Let’s put off the meeting till next week. (祈使句)
How hard these students are working! (感叹句)
1.主语：句子叙述的主体，相当于句子的话题，通常位于句首。通常由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词或从句担任。
2.谓语：表示主语的动作或状态。谓语由动词担任，有简单谓语和符合谓语之分。
3.表语：是谓语的一部分，它位于系动词如be之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。
4.宾语：表示及物动词和及物动词短语的对象或内容，或用于介词后构成介词短语；通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词或从句担任。包括：直接宾语、间接宾语、同源宾语、介词宾语。
此句型的动词为系动词，后跟名词或形容词,主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。
e.g. He is a student.
This shirt looks good.
4.S (主)＋V (谓)＋Indirect O (间接宾语)＋Direct O (直接宾语)
此句型中的动词为双宾动词，直接宾语为主要宾语，表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的，在句中不可或缺，常常由表示“物”的名词来充当；间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语，去掉之后，对整个句子的影响不大，多由指“人”的名词或代词承担。引导这类双宾语的常见动词有：buy, pass, lend, give, tell, teach, show, bring, send等。如：
1.简单句
句中只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语），句中的各个成分都是由单词和短语表示，这样的句子称为简单句。
高中英语语法英语词类、句子成分及句子(一)
We elected him monitor. him 与monitor 是主谓关系, 宾补
John bought his brother a dictionary.
Lucy is an American girl. We study in Jiaozhou No.1 Middle School. The rich should help the poor. 注意 there be 句型，主语不是there。 There are a lot of children in the street.
his brother 与 a dictionary 是并列平行关系，是双宾语
5 表语：只出现在连系动词后 面，连系动词后面的都是表语。
如： You are a student.
He looks nice.
We are at home .
2 谓语：通常放在主语之后，谓语在人
称和数方面必须和主语一致。
The sun rises in the east. He likes English. Her parents are workers. She is running. 以上都是简单谓语，还有复合谓语。复合谓语由情态 动词等助动词+动词原形构成。
I can swim.
I don’t learn Spanish.
3 宾语：只出现在两个地方，要么
vt.后面，要么prep.后面。如：
He often helps me. We study English at school.
高中英语语法——句子成分(知识点讲解及习题练习)
2.Eating too many sweets ruins your teeth.
3.Why he did it was very clear.
4.(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Leaving the less important things until tomorrowisoften acceptable.
7. The pen │writes smoothly这支笔书写流利。
主语进阶：
1.Walls have ears. →名词
2.He will take you to the hospital. →代词
3.Three and four is seven. →数词
4.To see is to believe. →To do不定式
3.Who’s that? It’s me. →pron.
4.Three times five is fifteen.→数词
5.The story of my life may be of help to others. →介词短语
6.His plan is to seek work in the city. →to do
7.The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in the Long March.
8.I'll offer you a good chance as long as you don t lose heart.
考点5.补语
1、简单谓语：由一个动词构成。如：
最新十大词性句子成分及基本句型讲解及练习(附答案)
十大词性、句子成分分析、五大基本句型及句子类型讲解与练习一、新课导入个体名词厂 「集体名词」可数名词 普通名词物质名词1.名词 抽象名词」*，不可数名词专有名词功能：表示人或事物的名称单数： myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, on eself反身代词:复数：ourselves, yourselves, themselves功能：用来代替名词、形容词或数词等定冠词不定冠词 零冠词 //功能：用在名词前，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物表地点： at/ in/ on/ to, above/ over/ on, below/ under/ undern eath 表时间： in/ on/ at, i n/ after, from/si nee from, after/ beh ind,表运动： across/ through/ over/ pass表方位：….其他 功能：用在名词、代词等前面，说明句子中词与词之间的关系人称代词: 主格 宾格（注意it 的用法） 物主代词:形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词指示代词: this, that, these, those2•代词疑问代词: who, whom, whose, what, which.简单不定代词： One/on es, Either/ neither, both/all, each/ everyano ther, other, the other, others, the others复合不定代词：somebody, an ybody, n obody some one, anyone, no one somethi ng, any thi ng, nothing everybody, every one, everyth ing3.数词:基数词 序数词 功能：表数量或顺序4.冠词:5.介词:不定代词8. 6.形容词：平级、比较级、最高级功能：用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特性、性质7.副词：平级、比较级、最高级功能：用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，表示动作或形状的特性连词:9.动词:并歹U 连词： and/ both/ or/ not only …but also, but/however/ yet/ still/ while从属连词：if/ uni ess, because/as/ since, although/though 功能：用来连接词、短语或句子实义动词 （vi./vt.） 系动词 助动词情态动词不定式（to do ）非谓语动词分词：现在分词（-ing ）和 过去分词（-ed ）I 动名词（-ing ）功能：表示人或事物的动作或状态oh ah well …功能：表示说话时的感情或口气课前小测：1. 句子成分摸底测试：(1)指出下列句子划线部分是句子的什么成分？1) The stude nts got on the school bus.2) He han ded me the n ewspaper.3) I shall an swer your questi ons after class.4) What a beautiful Chin ese pain ti ng!5) They went hun ti ng together early in the morning.(2)判断下列句子是简单句并列句还是复合句？1) We ofte n study Chin ese history on Friday after noon.2) The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.3) There is a chair in this room, isn ' t there?4) My brother and I go to school at half past seve n in the morning.5) He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.:新课讲解:（一）句子成分七种句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语（直接宾语、间接宾语）、定语、状语、补语、表语等。
英语语法核心考点(十大词类;句子成分;基本句型;句子类型;定语从句+宾语从句+状语从句)课件
dream is to become an English tea动ch名er.词(
)6. His hobby is
playing football.（
）7. The truth is that he表h语as从ne句ver been
abroad.（
）
No. 5 定语
1. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the
easier to chew at this point. （
） 形容词
方位副词
3. I am down there in my wheelchair in the mor过ni去ng分....词（
）
4. Needless to say, they were deeply moved.（ 不定式 ）5. My
（it作形式主语，）真正的主语为后面的不定式 7. It’s urgent for students themselves to improve their self-discipline
No. 2 谓语 简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如： This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland's best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. （ 实义动词 ） 复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如： By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems.
高中英语高考十大词性-句子成分与基本句型讲解与练习(附答案)-湖南重点高中内训秘题
十大词性、句子成分分析、五大基本句型及句子类型讲解与练习个体名词集体名词可数名词普通名词物质名词不可数名词1. 名词抽象名词专有名词功能：表示人或事物的名称人称代词：主格宾格（注意 it的用法）物主代词：形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词指示代词： this, that, these, those单数： myself`, yourself, himself, herself, itself, oneself反身代词：复数： ourselves, yourselves, themselves2. 代词疑问代词： who, whom, whose, what, which.简单不定代词：One/ones, Either/neither, both/all, each/ everyanother, other, the other, others, the others复合不定代词：somebody, anybody, nobody不定代词someone, anyone, no onesomething, anything, nothingeverybody, everyone, everything功能：用来代替名词、形容词或数词等3.数词：基数词序数词功能：表数量或顺序4.冠词：定冠词不定冠词零冠词 // 功能：用在名词前，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物表地点： at/ in/ on/ to, above/ over/ on, below/ under/ underneath⋯ .表时间： in/ on/ at, in/ after, from/since from, after/ behind,5.介词：表运动： across/ through/ over/ pass⋯表方位：⋯ .其他功能：用在名词、代词等前面，说明句子中词与词之间的关系6 ．形容词：平级、比较级、最高级功能：用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特性、性质7.副词：平级、比较级、最高级功能：用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，表示动作或形状的特性并列连词： and/ both/ or/ not only⋯but also, but/however/ yet/ still/ while⋯8.连词：从属连词 : if/ unless, because/as/ since, although/though⋯功能：用来连接词、短语或句子实义动词（ vi./vt.）系动词助动词9.动词：情态动词不定式（ to do）非谓语动词分词 : 现在分词（ -ing ）和过去分词（-ed）动名词（ -ing ）功能：表示人或事物的动作或状态10.感叹词：oh ah well⋯功能：表示说话时的感情或口气1.句子成分摸底测试：（1）指出下列句子划线部分是句子的什么成分？1)The students got on the school bus.2)He handed me the newspaper.3)I shall answer your questions after class.4)What a beautiful Chinese painting!5)They went hunting together early in the morning.（2）判断下列句子是简单句并列句还是复合句？1)We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.2)The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.3) There is a chair in this room, isn’ t there?4)My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning.5)He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.句子成分的排序口诀：主在前，谓中间，宾语状语排后面。
高中英语句子成分和句子类型讲解及配套练习(讲课用).docx
句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。
但在there be 结构、疑问句（当主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如：During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）Smoking does harm to the health（.动名词）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. （主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language .（ it 作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。
谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如： He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
如： You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold.（2）由系动词加表语构成。
十大词性-句子成分及基本句型讲解及练习(附答案)(汇编)
十大词性、句子成分分析、五大基本句型及句子类型讲解与练习一、新课导入个体名词集体名词普通名词 物质名词1.名词 抽象名词专有名词功能：表示人或事物的名称人称代词： 主格 宾格 （注意it 的用法）物主代词： 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词指示代词：this, that, these, those单数：myself`, yourself, himself, herself, itself, oneself反身代词：复数：ourselves, yourselves, themselves2.代词疑问代词：who, whom, whose, what, which.简单不定代词：One/ones, Either/neither, both/all, each/ everyanother, other, the other, others, the others复合不定代词： somebody, anybody, nobody不定代词 someone, anyone, no onesomething, anything, nothingeverybody, everyone, everything功能：用来代替名词、形容词或数词等3.数词： 基数词 序数词 功能：表数量或顺序4.冠词： 定冠词 不定冠词 零冠词 //功能：用在名词前，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物表地点：at/ in/ on/ to, above/ over/ on, below/ under/ underneath ….表时间： in/ on/ at, in/ after, from/since from, after/ behind,5.介词： 表运动： across/ through/ over/ pass …表方位：….其他功能：用在名词、代词等前面，说明句子中词与词之间的关系可数名词不可数名词6．形容词：平级、比较级、最高级功能：用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特性、性质7. 副词：平级、比较级、最高级功能：用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，表示动作或形状的特性并列连词：and/ both/ or/ not only…but also, but/however/ yet/ still/ while…8. 连词：从属连词: if/ unless, because/as/ since, although/though…功能：用来连接词、短语或句子实义动词（vi./vt.）系动词助动词9. 动词：情态动词不定式（to do）非谓语动词分词: 现在分词（-ing）和过去分词（-ed）动名词（-ing）功能：表示人或事物的动作或状态10. 感叹词：oh ah well…功能：表示说话时的感情或口气课前小测：1.句子成分摸底测试：（1）指出下列句子划线部分是句子的什么成分？1)The students got on the school bus.2)He handed me the newspaper.3)I shall answer your questions after class.4)What a beautiful Chinese painting!5)They went hunting together early in the morning.（2）判断下列句子是简单句并列句还是复合句？1)We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.2)The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.3)There is a chair in this room, isn’t there?4)My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning.5)He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.二：新课讲解：（一）句子成分七种句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语（直接宾语、间接宾语）、定语、状语、补语、表语等。
十大词类五种句型句子成分
一、十大词类和物种基本句型及句子成分1.十大词类1可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、同位语。
例：Our monitor is reading a novel.Tom is our monitor.I will invite our monitor to dinner.The monitor is monitoring us on his monitor system.We elected Tom monitor.Tom, our monitor, will attend the class meeting.2可作主语、定语、表语、宾语、同位语。
例：I have bought these books,so they are mine and I learn themmyself.3可作定语、表语、补语。
例：We love ourbeautiful school.Our school is beautiful.We want to make our school more beautiful.4可作状语、表语修饰动词、形容词、副词。
例：The young always live in a world of fantasy.The old lady was especially beautiful in her day.They get on very well with each other.5可作谓语表示动作或状态。
例：We should cherish the flowers and plants.Time and tide wait for no man.Failure is the mother of success.We can’t depend on our parents all our life.He has learned English for6 years.6可作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
十大词性句子成分及基本句型讲解及练习(附答案)
十大词性、句子成分分析、五大基本句型及句子类型讲解与练习一、新课导入个体名词集体名词普通名词 物质名词1.名词 抽象名词专有名词功能：表示人或事物的名称人称代词： 主格 宾格 （注意it 的用法）物主代词： 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词指示代词：this, that, these, those单数：myself`, yourself, himself, herself, itself, oneself反身代词：复数：ourselves, yourselves, themselves2.代词疑问代词：who, whom, whose, what, which.简单不定代词：One/ones, Either/neither, both/all, each/ everyanother, other, the other, others, the others复合不定代词： somebody, anybody, nobody不定代词 someone, anyone, no onesomething, anything, nothingeverybody, everyone, everything功能：用来代替名词、形容词或数词等3.数词： 基数词 序数词 功能：表数量或顺序4.冠词： 定冠词 不定冠词 零冠词 //功能：用在名词前，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物表地点：at/ in/ on/ to, above/ over/ on, below/ under/ underneath ….表时间： in/ on/ at, in/ after, from/since from, after/ behind,5.介词： 表运动： across/ through/ over/ pass …表方位：….其他功能：用在名词、代词等前面，说明句子中词与词之间的关系6． 形容词： 平级、比较级、最高级功能：用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特性、性质7. 副词：平级、比较级、最高级功能：用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，表示动作或形状的特性并列连词：and/ both/ or/ not only…but also, but/however/ yet/ still/ while…8. 连词：从属连词: if/ unless, because/as/ since, although/though…功能：用来连接词、短语或句子实义动词（vi./vt.）系动词助动词9. 动词：情态动词不定式（to do）非谓语动词分词: 现在分词（-ing）和过去分词（-ed）动名词（-ing）功能：表示人或事物的动作或状态10. 感叹词：oh ah well…功能：表示说话时的感情或口气课前小测：1.句子成分摸底测试：（1）指出下列句子划线部分是句子的什么成分？1)The students got on the school bus.2)He handed me the newspaper.3)I shall answer your questions after class.4)What a beautiful Chinese painting!5)They went hunting together early in the morning.（2）判断下列句子是简单句并列句还是复合句？1)We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.2)The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.3)There is a chair in this room, isn’t there?4)My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning.5)He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.二：新课讲解：（一）句子成分七种句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语（直接宾语、间接宾语）、定语、状语、补语、表语等。
高三英语二轮复习语法核心考点(十大词类;句子成分;基本句型;句子类型;定语从句宾语从句状语从句)
No. 2 谓语
简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland's best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. （ ）复合语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems.
1. Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to ...”（ ）2. I’d appreciate it if you take my invitation into consideration.
高中英语中的词性和成分语法详解,习题练习附答案
句子成分和句子类型一、知识框架二、知识梳理（一）句子成分句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
1.主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如：During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）2.谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。
谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如：He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。
(完整版)高中英语句子成分和句子类型讲解及配套练习(讲课用)
句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
（二）主语：主语是一个句子所表达的主体，一般位于句首。
但在there be 构造、疑问句（当主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或神态动词后边。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
比方：During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）Smoking does harm to the health（.动名词）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. （主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language .（ it 作形式主语，真实的主语为后边的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或拥有的特点和状态。
动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语今后。
谓语的组成以下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语组成。
如： He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：（1）由神态动词或其余助动词加动词原形组成。
如： You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold.（2）由系动词加表语组成。
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十大词性、句子成分分析、五大基本句型及句子类型讲解与练习个体名词集体名词可数名词普通名词物质名词不可数名词1. 名词抽象名词专有名词功能：表示人或事物的名称人称代词：主格宾格（注意 it的用法）物主代词：形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词指示代词： this, that, these, those单数： myself`, yourself, himself, herself, itself, oneself反身代词：复数： ourselves, yourselves, themselves2. 代词疑问代词： who, whom, whose, what, which.简单不定代词：One/ones, Either/neither, both/all, each/ everyanother, other, the other, others, the others复合不定代词：somebody, anybody, nobody不定代词someone, anyone, no onesomething, anything, nothingeverybody, everyone, everything功能：用来代替名词、形容词或数词等3.数词：基数词序数词功能：表数量或顺序4.冠词：定冠词不定冠词零冠词 // 功能：用在名词前，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物表地点： at/ in/ on/ to, above/ over/ on, below/ under/ underneath⋯ .表时间： in/ on/ at, in/ after, from/since from, after/ behind,5.介词：表运动： across/ through/ over/ pass⋯表方位：⋯ .其他功能：用在名词、代词等前面，说明句子中词与词之间的关系6 ．形容词：平级、比较级、最高级功能：用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特性、性质7.副词：平级、比较级、最高级功能：用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，表示动作或形状的特性并列连词： and/ both/ or/ not only⋯but also, but/however/ yet/ still/ while⋯8.连词：从属连词 : if/ unless, because/as/ since, although/though⋯功能：用来连接词、短语或句子实义动词（ vi./vt.）系动词助动词9.动词：情态动词不定式（ to do）非谓语动词分词 : 现在分词（ -ing ）和过去分词（-ed）动名词（ -ing ）功能：表示人或事物的动作或状态10.感叹词：oh ah well⋯功能：表示说话时的感情或口气1.句子成分摸底测试：（1）指出下列句子划线部分是句子的什么成分？1)The students got on the school bus.2)He handed me the newspaper.3)I shall answer your questions after class.4)What a beautiful Chinese painting!5)They went hunting together early in the morning.（2）判断下列句子是简单句并列句还是复合句？1)We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.2)The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.3) There is a chair in this room, isn’ t there?4)My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning.5)He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.句子成分的排序口诀：主在前，谓中间，宾语状语排后面。
短语定语主宾后，形、代定语主宾前。
间接宾语若在后，直、间要用to, for连。
宾补谓语宾语后，地状常在时状前。
三．课堂作业：句子成分划分及句子结构分析( 一)1 ： A mere hundred species (物种) are the basis of our food supply，of which but twenty carry the load. Wilson suggests changing this situation by looking into ten thousand species that couldbe made use of，which will be a way to reduce the clearing of the natural homes of plants andanimals to enlarge farming areas.(2008全国卷一 E 篇 )2 ： This process is also found among scholars and authors：a statement of opinion by one writer may be restated by another，who may in turn be quoted by yet another；and this process may continue ，unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based hisopinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.(2008天津D篇)四：课后作业：句子成分练习题指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分：1.Whether we’ ll godepend on the weather.()2.People’ s standards of living are going up steadily.()3.That was how they were defeated.()4.The nursery takes good care of our children.()5.I ’ ll return the book to you tomorrow.()6.We are sure that we shall succeed.()7.The woman with a baby in her arms is his other.()8.There are many films that I’ d like tosee.()9.Have you met the person about whom he was speaking?()10. I have a lot of work to do.()11.Anyway I won’ t stop you from doing it.()12.I said it in fun.()13.We can send a car over to fetch you.()14.She had to work standing up.()15.Seeing this, some comrades became very worried.()16.Much interested, he agreed to give it a try.()17.The bus arrived ten minutes late.()18.We should serve the people heart and soul.()19.Spring coming on, the tree turned green.()20.Some farmers saw something strange in the sky.()21.We think it necessary that everyone should attend the meeting. ()22.It ’ s strange that she doesn’ t come. today()23.It was in the library that I come today.()24.He likes drawing at times when he isn’ t working.()25.We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.()（二）语法填空The Internet is an amazing information resource. Students, teachers, and researchers use it as __31_ investigative tool. Journalists use it to find information for stories. Doctors use it to learn more about unfamiliar diseases and the _32_ (late) medical development. Ordinary people use it for shopping, banking, bill-paying, and communicating with family and friends. People all over the world use it to connect with individuals from _33 countries and cultures. However, __34____there are many positive developments __35__ (associate) with the Internet, there are also certain fears andconcerns. __36___ concern relates to a lack of control over__37__ appears on the Internet. With television and radio there are editors to check the accuracy or appropriateness of the content of programs, and with television there are _38 _ (restrict) on what kinds of programs can __39__ (broadcast) and at what times of the day. With the Internet, parents cannot check a published guide to。