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(完整版)大学英语精读3课文(第三版)_中英文对照

课文翻译Unit 1TextA young man finds that strolling along the streets without an obvious purpose can lead to trouble with the law. One misunderstanding leads to another until eventually he must appear in court for trial……一个青年发现，在大街上毫无明显目的地游逛会招致警方的责罚。

误会一个接一个发生，最终他只得出庭受审……A Brush with the Law与警察的一场小冲突I have only once been in trouble with the law. 我平生只有一次跟警方发生纠葛。

The whole process of being arrested and taken to court was a rather unpleasant experience at the time, but it makes a good story now. 被捕和出庭的整个过程在当时是一件非常不愉快的事，但现在倒成了一篇很好的故事。

What makes it rather disturbing was the arbitrary circumstances both of my arrest and my subsequent fate in court. 这次经历令人可恼之处在于围绕着我的被捕以及随后庭上审讯而出现的种种武断专横的情况。

It happened in February about twelve years ago. 事情发生在大约12年前，其时正是2月。

I had left school a couple of months before that and was not due to go touniversity until the following October. 几个月前我中学毕业了，但上大学要等到10月。

大学英语精读(第三版)课文原文

Unit 1 Some Strategies for Learning EnglishLearning English is by no means easy. It takes great diligence and prolonged effort. Nevertheless, while you cannot expect to gain a good command of English without sustained hard work, there are various helpful learning strategies you can employ to make the task easier. Here are some of them.1. Do not treat all new words in exactly the same way. Have you ever complained about your memory because you find it simply impossible to memorize all the new words you are learning? But, in fact, it is not your memory that is at fault. If you cram your head with too many new words at a time, some of them are bound to be crowded out. What you need to do is to deal with new words in different ways according to how frequently they occur in everyday use. While active words demand constant practice and useful words must be committed to memory, words that do not often occur in everyday situations require just a nodding acquaintance. You will find concentrating on active and useful words the most effective route to enlarging your vocabulary.2. Watch out for idiomatic ways of saying things. Have you ever wondered why we say, “I am interested in English”, but “I am good at French”? And have you ever asked yourself why nati ve English speakers say, “learn the news or secret”, but “learn of someone’s success or arrival”? These are all examples of idiomatic usage. In learning English, you must pay attention not only to the meaning of a word, but also to the way native speakers use it in their daily lives.3. Listen to English every day. Listening to English on a regular basis will not only improve your ear, but will also help you build your speaking skills. In addition to language tapes especially prepared for your course, you can also listen to English radio broadcasts, watch English TV, and see English movies. The first time you listen to a taped conversation or passage in English, you may not be able to catch a great deal. Try to get its general meaning first and listen to it over and over again. You will find that with each repetition you will get something more.4. Seize opportunities to speak.It is true that there are few situations at school where you have to communicate in English, but you can seek out opportunities to practice speaking the language. Talking with your classmates, for example, can be an easy and enjoyable way to get some practice. Also try to find native speakers on your campus and feel free to talk with them. Perhaps the easiest way to practice speaking is to rehearse aloud, since this can be done at any time, in any place, and without a partner. For instance, you can look at pictures or objects around you and try to describe them in detail. You can also rehearse everyday situations. After you have made a purchase in a shop or finished a meal in a restaurant and paid the check, pretend that all this happened in an English-speaking country and try to act it out in English.5. Read widely.It is important to read widely because in our learning environment, reading is the main and most reliable source of language input. When you choose reading materials, look for things that you find interesting, that you can understand without relying too much on a dictionary. A page a day is a good way to start. As you go on, you will find that you can do more pages a day and handle materials at a higher level of difficulty.6. Write regularly. Writing is a good way to practice what you already know. Apart from compositions assigned by your teacher, you may find your own reasons for writing. A pen pal provides good motivation; you will learn a lot by trying to communicate with someone who shares your interests, but comes from a different culture. Other ways to write regularly include keeping a diary, writing a short story and summarizing the daily news.Language learning is a process of accumulation. It pays to absorb as much as you can from reading and listening and then try to put what you have learned into practice through speaking and writing.Unit 2 Sailing Round the WorldBefore he sailed round the world single-handed, Francis Chichester had already surprised his friends several times. He had tried to fly round the world but failed. That was in 1931.The years passed. He gave up flying and began sailing. He enjoyed it greatly. Chichester was already 58 years old when he won the first solo transatlantic sailing race. His old dream of going round the world came back, but this time he would sail. His friends and doctors did not think he could do it, as he had lung cancer. But Chichester was determined to carry out his plan. In August, 1963, at the age of nearly sixty-five, an age when many men retire, he began the greatest voyage of his life. Soon, he was away in this new 16-metre boat, Gipsy Moth.Chichester followed the route of the great nineteenth century clipper ships. But the clippers had had plenty of crew. Chicheater did it all by himself, even after the main steering device had been damaged by gales. Chichester covered 14, 100 miles before stopping in Sydney, Australia. This was more than twice the distance anyone hadpreviously sailed alone.He arrived in Australia on 12 December, just 107 days out from England. He received a warm welcome from the Australians and from his family who had flown there to meet him. On shore, Chichester could not walk without help. Everybody said the same thing: he had done enough; he must not go any further. But he did not listen.After resting in Sydney for a few weeks, Chichester set off once more in spite of his friends' attempts to dissuade him. The second half of his voyage was by far the more dangerous part, during which he sailed round the treacherous Cape Horn.On 29 January he left Australia. The next night, the blackest he had ever known, the sea became so rough that the boat almost turned over. Food, clothes, and broken glass were all mixed together. Fortunately, bed and went to sleep. When he woke up, the sea had become calm the nearest person he could contact by radio, unless there was a ship nearby, Wild be on an island 885 miles away.After succeeding in sailing round Cape Horn, Chichester sent the following radio message to London:" I feel as if I had wakened from a nightmare. Wild horses could not drag me down to Cape Horn and that sinister Southern Ocean again."Just before 9 o'clock on Sunday evening 28 May, 1967, he arrived back in England, where a quarter of a million people were waiting to welcome him. Queen Elizabeth II knighted him with the very sword that Queen Elizabeth I had sailed round the world for the first time. The whole voyage from England and back had covered 28, 500 miles. It had taken him nine months, of which the sailing time was 226 days. He had done what he wanted to accomplish.Like many other adventurers, Chichester had experienced fear and conquered it. In doing so, he had undoubtedly learnt something about himself. Moreover, in the modern age when human beings depend so much on machines, he had given men throughout the world new pride.Unit 3 The PresentIt was the old lady's birthday.She got up early to be ready for the post. From the second floor flat she could see the postman when he came down the street, and the little boy from the ground floor brought up her letters on the rare occasions when anything came.Today she was sure the would be something. Myra wouldn't forget her mother's birthday, even if she seldom wrote at other times. Of course Myra was busy. Her husband had been made Mayor, and Myra herself had got a medal for her work the aged.The old lady was proud of Myra, but Enid was the daughter she loved. Enid had never married, but had seemed content to live with her mother, and teach in a primary school round the corner.One evening, however, Enid said, "I've arranged for Mrs. Morrison to look after you for a few days, Mother. Tomorrow I have to go into hospital--just a minor operation, I'll soon be home."In the morning she went, but never came back--she died on the operating table. Myra came to the funeral, and in her efficient way arranged for Mrs. Morrison to come in and light the fire and give the old lady her breakfast.Two years ago that was, and since then Myra had been to see her mother three times, but her husband never.The old lady was eight today. She had put on her best dress. Perhaps--perhaps Myra might come. After all, eighty was a special birthday, another decade lined or endured just as you chose to look at it.Even if Myra did not come, she would send a present. The old lady was sure of that. Two spots of colour brightened her cheeks. She was excited--like a child. She would enjoy her day.Yesterday Mrs. Morrison had given the flat an extra clean, and today she had brought a card and a bunch of marigolds when she came to do the breakfast. Mrs. Grant downstairs had made a cake, and in the afternoon she was going down there to tea. The little boy, Johnnie, had been up with a packet of mints, and said he wouldn't go out to play until the post had come."I guess you'll get lots and lots of presents," he said, "I did last were when I was six."What would she like? A pair of slippers perhaps. Or a new cardigan. A cardigan would be lovely. Blue's such a pretty colour. Jim had always liked her in blue. Or a table lamp. Or a book, a travel book, with pictures, or a little clock, with clear black numbers. So many lovely things.She stood by the window, watching. The postman turned round the corner on his bicycle. Her heart beat fast. Johnnie had seen him too and ran to the gate.Then clatter, clatter up the stairs. Johnnie knocked at her door."Granny, granny," he shouted, "I've got your post."He gave her four envelopes. Three were unsealed cards from old friends. The fourth was sealed, in Myra's writing. The old lady felt a pang of disappointment."No parcel, Johnnie?""No, granny."Maybe the parcel was too large to come by letter post. That was it. It would come later by parcel post. She must be patient.Almost reluctantly she tore the envelope open. Folded in the card was a piece of paper. Written on the card was a message under the printed Happy Birthday -- Buy yourself something nice with the cheque, Myra and Harold.The cheque fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. Slowly the old lady stooped to pick it up. Her present, her lovely present. With trembling fingers she tore it into little bits.Unit 4 Turning off TV: a Quiet HourI would like to propose that for sixty to ninety minutes each evening, right after the early evening news, all television broadcasting in the United States be prohibited by law.Let us take a serious, reasonable look at what the results be if such a proposal were accepted. Families might use the time for a real family hour. Without the distraction of TV, they might sit around together after dinner and actually talk to one another. It is well known that many of our problems -- everything, in fact, from the generation gap to the high divorce rate to some forms of mental illness -- are caused at least in part by failure to communicate. We do not tell each other what is disturbing us. The result is emotional difficulty of one kind or another. By using the quiet family hour to discuss our problems, we might get to know each other better, and to like each other better.On evenings when such talk is unnecessary, families could rediscover more active pastimes. Freed from TV, forced to find their own activities, they might take a ride together to watch the sunset. Or they might take a walk together (remember feet?) and see the neighborhood with fresh, new eyes.With free time and no TV, children and adults might rediscover reading. There is more entertainment in a good book than in a month of typical TV programming. Educators report that the generation growing up with television can barely write an English sentence, even at the college level. Writing is often learned from reading. A more literate new generation could be a product of the quiet hour.A different form of reading might also be done, as it was in the past: reading aloud. Few pastimes bring a family closer together than gathering around and listening to mother or father read a good story. The quiet hour could become the story hour. When the quiet hour ends, the TV networks might even be forced to come up with better shows in order to get us back from our newly discovered activities.At first glance, the idea of an hour without TV seems radical. What will parents do without the electronic baby-sitter? How will we spend the time? But it is not radical at all. It has been only twenty-five years since television came to control American free time. Those of us thirty-five and older can remember childhoods without television, spent partly with radio -- which at least involved the listener's imagination -- but also with reading, learning, talking, playing games, inventing new activities. It wasn't that difficult. Honest. The truth is we had a ball.Unit 5 I never write rightWhen I was 15, I announced to my English class that I was going to write and illustrate my own books. Half the students sneered; the rest nearly fell out of their chairs laughing."Don't be silly. Only geniuses can become writers," the English teacher saidsmugly. "And you are getting a D this semester."I was so humiliated I burst into tears. That night I wrote a short, sad poem about broken dreams and mailed it to the Capper's Weekly newspaper. To my astonishment they published it, and sent me two dollars. I was a published and paid writer! I showed my teacher and fellow students. They laughed."Just plain dumb luck," the teacher said.I'd tasted success. I'd sold the first thing I'd ever written. That was more than any of them had done, and if it was "just dumb luck," that was fine with me.During the next two years I sold dozens of poems, letters, jokes and recipes. By the time I graduated from high school (with a C-minus average), I had scrapbooks filled with my published work. I never mentioned my writing to my teachers, friends or my family again. They were dream killers, and if people must choose between their friends and their dreams, they must always choose their dreams.But sometimes you do find a friend who supports your dreams. "It's easy to write a book," that new friend told me. "You can do it.""I don't know if I'm smart enough," I said, suddenly feeling 15 again and hearing echoes of laughter."Nonsense!" she said. "Anyone can write a book if they want to."I had four children at the time, and the oldest was only four. We lived on a goat farm in Oklahoma, miles from anyone. All I had to do each day was take care of four kids, milk goats, and do the cooking, laundry and gardening. No problem.While the children napped, I typed on my ancient typewriter. I wrote what I felt. It took nine months, just like a baby.I chose a publisher at random and put the manuscript in an empty Pampers diapers package, the only box I could find (I'd never heard of manuscript boxes). The letter Ienclosed read: "I wrote this book myself, I hope you like it. I also drew the illustrations. Chapters 6 and 12 are my favorites. Thank you."I tied a string around the diaper box and mailed it without a self-addressed stamped envelope, and without making a copy of the manuscript. A month later I received a contract, an advance on royalties and a request to start working on another book.Crying Wind became a bestseller, was translated into 15 languages and Braille, and sold worldwide. I appeared on TV talk shows during the day and changed diapers at night. I traveled from New York to California and Canada on promotional tours. My first book also became required reading in Native American schools in Canada.It took six months to write my next book. I mailed it in an empty Uncle Wiggley game box (I still hadn't heard of manuscript boxes). My Searching Heart also became a bestseller. I wrote my next novel, When I Give My Heart, in only three weeks.The worst year I ever had as a writer, I earned two dollars (I was 15, remember?). In my best year, I earned $36,000. Most years I earn between $5,000 and $10,000. No, it isn't enough to live on, but it's still more than I'd make working part-time, and it's $5,000 to $10,000 more than I'd make if I didn't write at all.People ask what college I attended, what degrees I have, and what qualifications I have to be a writer. The answer is none. I just write. I'm not a genius, I'm not gifted and I don't write right. I'm lazy, undisciplined, and spend more time with my children and friends than I do writing.I didn't own a thesaurus until four years ago and I use a small Webster's dictionary that I bought at Kmart for 89 cents. I use an electric typewriter that I paid $129 for six years ago. I've never used a word processor. I do all the cooking, cleaning andlaundry for a family of six and fit my writing in a few minutes here and there. I write everything in longhand on yellow tablets while sitting on the sofa with my four kids, eating pizza and watching TV. When the book is finished, I type it and mail it to the publisher.I've written eight books. Four have been published, and three are still out with the publishers. One stinks.To all those who dream of writing, I'm shouting at you, "Yes, you can! Yes, you can! Don't listen to them!" I don't write right, but I've beaten the odds. Writing is easy, it's fun, and anyone can do it. Of course, a little dumb luck doesn't hurt.Unit 6 Sam Adams, Industrial EngineerIf you ask my mother how I happened to become an industrial engineer, she'll tell you that I have always been one.She means that I have always wanted everything to be well organized and neat. When I was still in elementary school, I liked to keep my socks in the upper left-hand drawer of my bureau, my underwear in the upper right drawer, shirts in the middle drawer, and pants, neatly folded, in the bottom drawer.In fact, I was the efficiency expert for the whole family. I used to organize my father's tools, my mother's kitchen utensils, my sister's boyfriends.I needed to be efficient. I wanted to be well organized. For me, there was a place for everything and everything was always in its place. These qualities gave me a good foundation for a career in industrial engineering.Unfortunately, I was also a bit bossy and I wasn't a very good listener. You'll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project I ever did after I finished my bachelor's degree at the university.After graduation I returned home to my small town in Indiana. I didn't have a job yet. Mr. Hobbs, a friend of my father's, owned a small shirt factory in town. Withinthe past five years it had grown from twenty to eighty workers. Mr. Hobbs was worried that his plant was getting too big and inefficient, so he asked me to come in on a short-term basis as a consultant.I went to the plant and spent about a week looking around and making notes. I was really amazed at what I saw.Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. No one inspected the final product of the factory. As a result some of the shirts that were put in boxes for shipment were missing one or two buttons, the collar, even a sleeve sometimes!The working conditions were poor. The tables where the workers sat were very high and uncomfortable. Except for a half hour at lunchtime, there were no breaks in the day to relieve the boring work. There was no music. The walls of the workrooms were a dull gray color. I was amazed that the workers hadn't gone on strike.Furthermore, the work flow was irregular. There was one especially absent-minded young man in the assembly line who sewed on buttons. After a while I recognized him as "Big Jim," who used to sit behind me in math class in high school. He was very slow and all the shifts were held up at his position. Workers beyond him in line on his shift had to wait with nothing to do; therefore, a great deal of time and efficiency were lost as Big Jim daydreamed while he worked. All week I wondered why he wasn't fired.After I made observations for a week, Mr. Hobbs asked me for an oral report of my findings. I covered my major points by telling him the following: "If you have a quality control inspection, you will greatly improve your finished product.""If the assembly line is redesigned, a smooth work flow can be achieved and time and energy can be saved.""If you decrease the height of the worktables, the machine operators will work more comfortably.""If the management provides pleasant background music and beautifies the dull setting, the factory will be much more productive.""If the workers have a fifteen-minute coffee break in the morning and afternoon,they will be more efficient.""If excellent work results in frequent pay increases or promotions, the workers will have greater incentive to produce."Mr. Hobbs thanked me for this report and told me he would talk over my suggestions with his brother, the co-owner and manager of the factory. "We're interested in progress here," he said. "We want to keep up with the times."He also gave me a check for $ 100 and a box of shirts with his compliments.Unit 7 The SamplerIn a certain store where they sell puddings, a number of these delicious things are laid out in a row during the Christmas season. Here you may select the one which is most to your taste, and you are even allowed to sample them before coming to a decision.I have often wondered whether some people, who had no intention of making a purchase, would take advantage of this privilege. One day I asked this question of the shop girl, and I learned it was indeed the case."Now there's one old gentleman, for instance," she told me, "he comes here almost every week and samples each one of the puddings, though he never buys anything, and I suspect he never will. I remember him from last year before that, too. Well, let him come if he wants it, and welcome to it. And what's more, I hope there are a lot more stores where he can go and get his share. He looks as if he needed it all right, and I suppose they can afford it."She was still speaking when an elderly gentleman limped up to the counter and began looking closely at the row of puddings with great interest."Why, that's the very gentleman I've been telling you about," whispered the shop girl." Just watch him now." And then turning to him:" Would you like to sample them, sir? Here's spoon for you to use."The elderly gentleman, who was poorly but neatly dressed, accepted the spoon and began eagerly to sample one after another of the puddings, only braking off occasionally to wipe his red eyes with a large torn handkerchief."This is quite good.""This is not bad either, but a little too heavy."All the time it was quite evident that he sincerely believed that he might eventually buy one of these puddings, and I am positive that he did not for a moment feel that he was in any way cheating the store. Poor old chap! Probably he had come down in the world and this sampling was all that was left him from the time when he could afford to come and select his favorite pudding.Amidst the crowd of happy, prosperous looking Christmas shoppers, the little black figure of the old man seemed pitiful and out of place, and in a burst of benevolence, I went up to him and said:"Pardon me, sir, will you do me a favor? Let me purchase you one of these puddings. It would give me such pleasure."He jumped back as if he had been stung, and the blood rushed into his wrinkled face."Excuse me," he said, with more dignity than I would have thought possible considering his appearance, "I do not believe I have the pleasure of knowing you. Undoubtedly you have mistaken me for someone else." And with a quick decision he turned to the shop girl and said in a loud voice, "Kindly pack me up this one here. Iwill take it with me." He pointed at one of the largest and most expensive of the puddings.The girl took down the pudding from its stand and started to make a parcel of it, while he pulled out a worn little black pocketbook and began counting out shillings and pennies on to the counter. To save his "honour" he had been forced into a purchase which he could not possibly afford. How I longed for the power to unsay my tactless words! It was too late though, and I felt that the kindest thing I could do now would be walk away."You pay at the desk," the shop girl was telling him, but he did not seem to understand and kept trying to put the coins into her hand. And that was the last I saw or the old man. Now he can never go there to sample pudding any more.Unit 8 A Magician at Stretching a Dollar1.That December, with Christmas approaching, she was out at workand Doris was in the kitchen when I let myself into her bedroom one afternoon in search of a safety pin. Since her bedroom opened onto a community hallway, she kept the door locked, but needing the pin, I took the key from its hiking place, unlocked the door and stepped in.Standing against the wall was a big, black bicycle with balloon tires. I recognized it instantly. It was the same second-hand bike I'd beenadmiring in a Baltimore Street shop window. I'd even asked about the price. It was a shock. Something like $15. Somehow my mother had scraped together enough for a down payment and meant to surprise me with the bicycle on Christmas morning.2.I was deeply moved by the discovery and yet sickened by theknowledge that, bursting into her room like this, I had robbed her of the pleasure of seeing me astonished and delighted on Christmas day. I hadn't wanted to know her lovely secret; still coming upon it like this made me feel as though I'd struck a blow against her happiness. Ibacked out, put the key back in its hiding place, and thought over whatto do.3.I decided that between now and Christmas I must do nothing,absolutely nothing, to reveal the slightest hint of my terribleknowledge. I must avoid the least word that night reveal mypossession of her secret. Nothing must deny her the happiness ofseeing me completely amazed on Christmas day.4.In the privacy of my bedroom I began composing and testingexclamations of delight: “Wow!” “A bike with ballo on tires! I don't believe it!” “I'm the luckiest boy alive!” And so on. They all owed a lot to movies in which boys like Mickey Rooney had seen their wildest dreams come true. I soon realized that, with my lack of acting talent, all of them were going to sound false at the critical moment when I wanted to cry out my love spontaneously from the heart. Maybe it would be better to say nothing but appear to be shocked into such deep pleasure that speech had escaped me/ I wasn't sure, though. I'd seen speechless gratitude in the movies too, and it never really worked until the actors managed to cry a few quiet tears. I doubted I could cry on cue, so I began thinking about other expressions of speechlessamazement. In front of a hand-held mirror in my bedroom I tried the whole range of expressions; mouth open and eyes wide; hands slapped firmly against both cheeks to keep the jaw from falling off; ear-to-ear grin with all teeth fully exposed while hugging myself with both arms.These and more I practiced for several days without acquiringconfidence in any of them. I decided to wait until Christmas morning and see if anything came naturally...5.That Christmas morning she woke up early, “to see what SantaClaus brought,” she said with just the right tone of voice to indicate we were all old enough to know who Santa Claus was. I came out of my bedroom with my present for her and Doris, and Doris came with hers. My mother's has been placed under the tree during the night.There were a few small brightly wrapped packages, a big doll forDoris, but no bicycle. I must have looked disappointed.6.“It looks like Santa Claus didn't do too well by you this year,Buddy,” she said, as I opened packages. A shirt. A necktie. I said。

适合大一英专生的英文原著

适合大一英专生的英文原著
如果你是一名大一英语专业的学生，想要提升自己的英语阅读能力，那么推荐以下几本适合你阅读的英文原著：
1. 《The Great Gatsby》（《了不起的盖茨比》）- F. Scott Fitzgerald
这是一本经典的小说，讲述了20世纪20年代美国社会的繁荣和腐朽。

它的语言简洁明了，故事情节跌宕起伏，非常适合英语专业学生进行阅读和分析。

2. 《To Kill a Mockingbird》（《杀死一只知更鸟》）- Harper Lee
这本小说是美国文学的经典之作，描写了南方小镇上一个黑人男子被错误指控为强奸罪的故事。

它不仅有很高的文学价值，而且也是一部深刻的社会评论。

3. 《Animal Farm》（《动物农场》）- George Orwell
这是一本寓言小说，讲述了一群动物建立自己的社会主义国家的故事。

它通过动物的角度揭示了社会中存在的不公和权力斗争，非常适合英语专业学生进行思辨性阅读。

4. 《The Catcher in the Rye》（《麦田里的守望者》）- J.D. Salinger
这本小说是美国文学的代表作之一，讲述了一个少年的成长故事。

它的语言生动有趣，同时也涉及了一些深刻的人性思考，非常适合英语专业学生进行阅读和探讨。

5. 《The Picture of Dorian Gray》（《道林·格雷的肖像》）- Oscar
Wilde
这是一本充满哲学思考的小说，讲述了一个青年通过沉迷于享乐生活而逐渐堕落的故事。

它的语言华丽而深刻，非常适合英语专业学生进行阅读和思考。

【英语教学】原著阅读(1509)

大家都来试试原著阅读教学李俊和完整版李俊和专栏文章，欢迎下载并使用“百度文库”app免广告烦恼，阅读全文免费又顺畅最近我到北京八中，听了汪艳老师一节原著阅读课，感到很受启发。

她的学生高中两年，平均能读英美出版的原文小说十几本，最多的读了三十本，都是从网上邮购的。

平时以泛读为主，每周有一课时讲一讲，讨论讨论。

她的有了大量阅读经历的学生，对付一般的阅读理解测试题，轻而易举。

此外，说出的英语，流畅地道，写出的英语，也文从字顺。

无独有偶，北京四中初中部的老师，也在让学生读难度合适的原版小说。

仔细想一下，这种原著阅读课，好处还真多。

1、更多地接触了英语。

英语学习有什么诀窍？最重要的是接触越多学的越好。

而阅读是中国人学习英语的最好方式，因为我们缺少听说英语的环境。

不少老师现在还是以字词句为核心，记单词、背句型、抠语法、做练习、老师讲、学生练，死记硬背和题海战术。

教师应该转变观念，把使用英语放在第一位，让学生沉浸在英语的大海中。

2、适合大班教学的特点。

很多人似乎不知道，一个班五六十人，甚至七八十人，在直辖市之外的地区很普遍。

大班教学如何进行，是现实紧迫的课题。

人数众多，开展分组讨论，口语练习等活动就很难操作。

让个别人说了，大部分人则没机会。

而让大家共同读小说，人手一本，则人人有了同等使用英语的机会。

教师好管理，全班都受益。

这种教学方法也满足了不同层次的个性化需求。

好的老师应该是能领着差生慢慢行走，也能让尖子生飞跑起来。

小说阅读可以有硬性的规定，如精读的篇目，泛读的页数等，但好学生并没被捆死。

他们的自由度很大。

3、成功地克服了现行教材的不足。

会用教材的老师都是以我为主，创造性地使用教材，而不是照本宣科，墨守成规。

现在的教材，由于各种限制，版式设计越来越花哨，但文章比重太小，一个模块14页，文章只占两三页，阅读量太少。

只靠教材提高阅读能力，远远不够。

而读原版小说，就可以使学生成十倍的扩大阅读量，从不同渠道，以不同形式接触英语，亲身感受英语的奥妙和英美民族的文化背景、生活习俗。

高中英语：原著阅读小课题研究

four assigned Season
various
emotions no feeling given by parents by the
emotion
name
community colorful
Job
Differences
color black&
white
free choice
assigned
family
原著阅读的几个可行性课题，以
“The Giver”为例
背景
《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》（教育部，2003）（以下简称“课标”）八级目标要求学生能够在教师的帮助下欣赏浅显的英语文学作品；九级目标要求学生能够阅读一般英文原著，抓住主要情节,了解主要人物。英语原著是原生态的语料，有着相对真实的生活场景，融合更多的文化因子，具有浓厚的人文性，学生更易在情感上产生共鸣，在思想上获得启迪，在品性上得到完善，从而更易达到课标中强调的“语言运用能力和人文素养”上的双丰收。
判
断 Why is the “evening telling of feeling” before
性
each dinner so important?(Chapter1)
思
维评
能
价对部分章节内容背后所反映的社会价值
力
质取向进行质疑或批判，理性发表自己的看
疑法，同时鉴赏语言表达的特点。
例如：
Jonas was impressed by the things Benjamin had achieved. But they had never talked about the boy’s accomplishments because such a conversation would have been awkward for Benjamin. There was never any comfortable way to mention or discuss one’s successes without breaking the rule against bragging, even if one didn’t mean to. (Chapter 4 P33)

英语专业阅读教程第三版Unit 1 The Shadowland of Dreams课文翻译

第一单元：梦想的阴暗之面艾力克斯? 哈利许多人怀有美好的愿望，期望能成为作家，但是能够梦想成真的人不多。

艾力克斯? 哈利也想成为作家，可是他成功了。

阅读下面这篇文章，看一看他成功的原因。

许多青年人对我说，他们想成为作家。

我一直鼓励这样的人，但是我也向他们解释“成为作家”和写作之间存在着巨大的差别。

多数情况下这些年轻人梦寐以求的是财富与名誉，从未想到要孤身一人长久地坐在打字机旁。

“你们渴望的应该是写作，”我对他们说，“而不应该是当作家。

”事实上，写作是一项孤单寂寞而又收入微薄的工作。

有一个被命运之神垂青的作家，就有成千上万个永远无法实现梦想的人。

即使那些成功人士也经常受到长久的冷落，穷困不堪。

我便是其中之一。

我放弃了在海岸警卫队做了二十年的工作，为的是成为一名自由撰稿人，这时，我根本没有前途可言。

我所拥有的只是一位住在纽约市的朋友，乔治? 西姆斯，他和我是在田纳西州的赫宁一起长大的。

乔治为我找了个家，位于格林威治村公寓大楼中的一间腾空的储藏室，而他是那幢大楼的管理员。

房子里冷嗖嗖的，没有卫生间，不过这没什么。

我马上买了一台旧的手动打字机，感觉自己颇象一位名符其实的作家。

然而，大约一年后，我的写作生涯依然没有任何起色，我开始怀疑自己。

卖出一篇小说是如此艰难，以至我几乎填不饱肚子。

但是，我清楚的是我想写作，我已梦寐以求了许多年。

我并不准备成为一名到死时还在想假如的人。

我会坚持把我的梦想付诸实践--即使这梦想意味着不稳定的生活和对失败的恐惧。

这是希望的阴暗面，任何心存梦想的人都必须学会在这阴暗面下生存。

后来有一天，我接到了一个电话，由此改变了我的一生。

这并不是一位代理人或编辑打来电话，主动要求与我签大的稿约。

恰恰相反--是一声鸣笛，诱使我放弃梦想。

打电话来的是海岸警卫队的老熟人，现在在旧金山。

他曾经借给我几美元，喜欢催我还给他。

“我什么时候才能拿到那十五美元，艾力克斯？”他逗我说。

“等我下一次卖出作品吧。

黑布林英语阅读初三汤姆索亚历险记

黑布林英语阅读初三汤姆索亚历险记全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Tom Sawyer's Adventures by Mark Twain - A Book ReviewHey guys! Our English teacher just assigned us the classic novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain to read over the summer. At first, I was totally dreading having to slog through some boring old book from like a million years ago. But I actually ended up getting really into this story! Let me tell you all about it.The book takes place in the small town of St. Petersburg, Missouri back in the 1840s. The main character is this mischievous young kid named Tom Sawyer. Tom is always getting into trouble and finding crazy adventures and escapades to go on. He's kind of a rebel and doesn't like listening to rules or authority figures.Right at the beginning, Tom gets punished by his Aunt Polly for skipping school. As punishment, he has to whitewash this long fence on a blazing hot day. Tom is so clever though - he tricks all the other boys into thinking whitewashing the fencelooks like fun, and they end up doing most of the work for him! I cracked up at how easily Tom dupes the other kids.Things start to get really wild when Tom and his friend Huckleberry Finn go to this haunted house at night on a dare. They end up witnessing these two shady men, Injun Joe and Muff Potter, get into a fight. Injun Joe ends up killing the other guy! Tom and Huck swear a blood oath to never tell anyone about the murder they witnessed.This is just the first of many adventures and close calls Tom finds himself in throughout the book. He runs away from home to became a pirate, gets trapped in a cave with Injun Joe, falls in love, hunts for buried treasure, and so much more crazy stuff happens. The best part is Tom's funny narrating voice and all the silly situations and schemes he comes up with.I really liked how the book showed what small town America was like back in the 1800s. The simpler times when kids could safely run around having adventures without parents hovering over them constantly. The descriptions of steamboats on the Mississippi River, games kids played, issues of racism and slavery - it gave a vivid picture of that era.At its core, this is a book celebrating the freedom and imaginative spirit of childhood. Tom doesn't just blindly followthe rules and conventions of society. He questions things and isn't afraid to be himself and stir up some good-natured trouble along the way. His never-ending curiosity and thirst for adventure is something I think kids and adults alike can relate to.The only thing I didn't love was some of the outdated racial depictions, like the character Injun Joe being portrayed as a villainous "Indian" stereotype. But you have to remember the time period this was written in I guess. Overall though, the positives far outweighed the negatives for me.Tom Sawyer is a true classic for a reason. The story is exciting and moves at a fast pace, the characters are memorable, and the humor still holds up today. I give it an enthusiastic two thumbs up! This definitely isn't a book I'll forget anytime soon. I can totally see why it's considered one of the great American novels.If you haven't read The Adventures of Tom Sawyer yet, I highly recommend you check it out over summer break. It's way more entertaining than I was expecting an old book to be. Just try to look past some of the dated elements and soak in the spirit of youthful rebellion and nonstop adventure that Tom Sawyer embodies. Hopefully this book report has peaked your interest and convinced you to give it a shot. Happy reading, folks!篇2My Experience Reading Treasure Island in English ClassEnglish has always been one of my favorite subjects in school, but I'll be honest - reading long novels or stories in English can be pretty challenging for me. So when our English teacher announced that we'd be reading the classic adventure novel Treasure Island by Robert Louis Stevenson this semester, I was a little intimidated. The book is over 200 pages long and was written way back in 1883! How was I, a modern 15-year-old student, supposed to connect with a book about pirates and buried treasure from the 1800s?Well, I'm happy to report that after finishing Treasure Island, it turned out to be one of the most engaging and entertaining books I've read in English class so far. From the very first chapter introducing the shady pirate's inn to the final showdown between good and evil on the exotic island, I was hooked on this thrilling tale of adventure, danger, and greed. Let me walk you through some of the highlights.The story kicks off by introducing Jim Hawkins, the young teenage protagonist who helps run his family's inn. One day, an intimidating former pirate named Billy Bones comes to stay atthe inn, constantly raving about his "old shipmates" and the "black spot" until his disturbing death. It turns out he had the map to a legendary buried pirate treasure, which Jim and some friends obtain after a scuffle with other shady pirate types.From there, they hire a ship and crew to sail to the island and find the treasure, including the one-legged ship's cook who turns out to be the treacherous pirate Long John Silver. This sets up the main conflict aboard the ship between the pirates loyal to Silver and the honest crew members like the noble captain Smollett and the brave adolescent protagonist Jim. I found the escalating tension and sense of dread aboard the ship totally gripping as you never knew who to trust.Once they arrive at the exotic island, the adventure really kicks into high gear with deadly encounters between the feuding pirate camps, daring overnight escapes through the island's dark forests, and the constant lure of the elusive buried treasure hoard. The vividly described island setting, with its abandoned boat篇3The Adventures of Tom Sawyer Reading AnalysisHey guys, it's me again dropping some knowledge about this classic book we had to read for English class - The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain. I know a lot of you probably thought it would be a total snoozefest, but I'm here to tell you that it's actually a pretty entertaining tale!The story follows the mischievous adventures of young Tom Sawyer, a poor boy growing up in the fictional town of St. Petersburg, Missouri back in the 1840s. Tom is basically every parent's worst nightmare - he's constantly getting into trouble, playing hooky from school, and pulling pranks on anyone and everyone.But what I really loved about Tom's character is that even though he's a little rascal, you can't help but root for him. He's got this fun, free-spirited attitude and a sense of adventure that makes even his naughtiest antics seem harmless and amusing. Twain does an awesome job of capturing that rebellious yet lovable nature that all kids sort of have.The story really gets going when Tom gets himself into a seriously crazy situation. One night, he's out in the woods and accidentally witnesses a murder! From that point on, the book turns into this suspenseful tale as Tom and his buddyHuckleberry Finn have to keep this deadly secret from the killer and the rest of the town.I've got to give props to Twain for making what could have been a dark, grisly story into more of an exciting adventure through the eyes of these mischievous but clever boys. There are intense moments for sure, like when they get trapped in the villain's hideout, but Twain balances it with Tom's typical kid humor and antics.Speaking of the villains, I thought Injun Joe was a pretty terrifying antagonist. This dude is a straight up murderer who gets major respect points from me just for how deliciously evil he is. He's ruthless, cunning, and will stop at nothing to silence Tom and Huck once they become witnesses to his crime. Definitely gave me the chills a few times!But my favorite parts of the book were probably the more light-hearted, comedic chapters showing Tom's life in St. Petersburg before the murder case. Stuff like him tricking the other boys into whitewashing the fence for him or getting into a battle with a young girl he has a crush on just had me cracking up. Twain's satirical portrayal of these small town characters is so on point.I also have to mention Tom's schemes with Huckleberry Finn. Huck is this other young vagabond that Tom befriends, and together they get into so much trouble around town. From getting lost in a haunted house to running away to become pirates on the Mississippi River, their dynamic was golden. Huck is like this blunt, street-smart kid who balances out Tom's overactive imagination nicely.Overall, I'd definitely recommend giving The Adventures of Tom Sawyer a read. Even though it's a book from the 1800s, Twain's humor and storytelling ability make it a super entertaining, fast-paced story that still feels relevant today. The vivid characters, thrilling plot, and hilarious small-town satire make for a fun, engaging experience.I haven't even gotten into all the cool symbolism and deeper themes Twain explores about youth, parenting, morality and living a life of freedom and non-conformity. But I'll leave those layers for you to discover and analyze on your own. For now, just pick up a copy of the book and go along for the adventure - you'll be glad you did!。

英语简易原著阅读厄舍古厦的倒塌

1.Appearance (pale)
NPoawst
Eyes unnaturalalyttrlaarcgtieveand bright
Lip Hair
like a lintehionn his face
uncut fainnedafnlodastoedft around his face and neck
Lady Madeline’s illness
• A gradual but continuous loss of flesh caused a weakness of the body, which was made worse by the frequent stopping of the action of her heart. There was little difference between these attacks and actual death.
2.Manner
All the times, in a state of high excitement or of great anxiety.He passed quickly to another condition.
3.Voice
Wild, high note would drop suddenly to a steady, careful sound.
The body was put in a small, dark room that lay below the part of the building where I myself slept.
Part of its floor were lined with a red metal.
Strange manner

大学英语精读第三版第二册课文原文和翻译及课后习题

大学英语精读第三版第二册Unit 1The dinner party 晚宴I first heard this tale in India, where is told as if tru e -- though any naturalist would know it couldn't be. Later someone told me that the story appeared in a magazine sho rtly before the First World War. That magazine story, and t he person who wrote it, I have never been able to track d own.我最初听到这个故事是在印度，那儿的人们今天讲起它来仍好像实有其事似的——尽管任何一位博物学家都知道这不可能是真的。

后来有人告诉我，在第一次世界大战之后不久就出现在一本杂志上。

但登在杂志上的那篇故事, 以及写那篇故事的人，我却一直未能找到。

The country is India. A colonial official and his wife are giving a large dinner party. They are seated with their g uests -- officers and their wives, and a visiting American naturalist -- in their spacious dining room, which has a ba re marble floor, open rafters and wide glass doors opening onto a veranda.故事发生在印度。

某殖民官员和他的夫人举行盛行的晚宴。

跟他们一起就座的客人有——军官和他人的夫人，另外还有一位来访的美国博物学家——筵席设在他们家宽敞的餐室里，室内大理石地板上没有铺地毯；屋顶明椽裸露；宽大的玻璃门外便是阳台。

高中英语简易英文小说阅读

高中英语简易英文小说阅读摘要：高中英语学习需要足够的阅读量。

针对高中生的英语水平，阅读简易英文小说是提升阅读量的最佳途径。

指导学生使用正确的阅读方法，正确处理故事情节的把握和语言学习之间的关系，充分利用简易英文小说本身的特点，最大限度地服务于英语学习。

关键词：高中英语原著阅读简易小说阅读方法《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语科考试说明》（高考综合改革试验省份试用）指出，阅读英语文章是我国考生接触英语的最主要途径。

这里用的是“最”，而没有“之一”。

可见英语阅读对于我国学生学习英语的重要性。

学习英语所要掌握的词汇、短语、句式等都包含在语篇的阅读中。

Jeremy Harmer 认为，文本阅读可以给学生提供学习语言的机会，包括词汇、语法、句型，直至段落和篇章的构建。

笔者根据篇章阅读与主要语言要素之间的关系做了一个如下的模型：对于中国学生来说，学习语言首先要从单词开始，然后通过语法规则构成句子。

或者是先学习句子，然后在句子中习得句子成分之间的关系，同时学习单词，积累词汇。

再往高一级的程度提高，通过一定的篇章逻辑规律将句子构成篇章，亦或是从语篇阅读中学习各种句式以及句与句构成篇章的过程。

因此，从语篇阅读入手，带动英语全要素的学习是最好的语言学习的途径。

《普通高中英语课程标准》（2017年版）关于语言技能内容要求，对各个学习阶段的课外阅读量都有具体的要求。

例如，选择性必修阶段的课外阅读量每周不少于2500词。

选择性必修阶段课外阅读量不少于10万词。

以浙江省新高考的阅读文章长度为例，每篇文章300字左右。

学生每周课外阅读量是这样的高考长度文章8至9篇。

而新高考的读后续写题型有要求培养学生的故事阅读和续写能力。

因此，小说的阅读就显得尤为重要。

翻开英语原版小说，即使是国外初中生阅读的小说，对于中国的普通高中学生来说都是不太合适的。

首先是中国高中生的词汇量远远达不到阅读这样的原版的要求。

其次是即使是供外国小学生阅读的小说往往也比较长。

英语专八阅读练习2篇

英语专业八级阅读出题来源新闻周刊-Newsweek-练习1Passage·1題材：历史人物Michael Jackson ，字数：565 建议做题时间：6分钟As Michael Jackson made the unfortunate transition from pop-music icon to tabloid staple，one of the most common lines of attack was on his ever-changing appearance, the way his skin dramatically lightened in color, and his face altered in structure.What's most tragic about Jackson's death, aside from the fact that it comes as he was mounting a comeback to include a sold-out 50-show residence at London's 02 Arena，is that what people will remember about him is his changing face. What they should remember：The way he changed the face of pop music.Jackson first came to prominence as the pint-size nucleus of his family band, the Jackson 5. He quickly became the focal point of the group because of his popular cuteness and, of course, that voice. What was so remarkable about the young Michael was his ability to communicate youthful innocence’ or premature wisdom, or sometimes both at the same time. It was no small feat for the same preteen to credibly deliver shrewd stories of love and loss like “I Want You Back" and "The Love You Save", as well as he carried off cutesy soul ditties like “ ABC" and "Rockin' Robin". He led the group to four No. 1 singles.But his watershed moments came after he came out of his awkward teenage years. At 20, Jackson starred in the film version of The Wiz, at which point he met Quincy Jones, who agreed to produce his fifth solo album, Off the Wall. The record was a mature, sexy blend of pop soul with a heavy, danceable disco groove. Having spent his earlier years trying to straddle vocal adolescence，he effortlessly became an adult. It certainly helped that Jackson was so adept at using that voice, and that he had a set of amazing songs to work with, among them "Don't Stop Til You Get Enough" and “Rock With You", in which Jackson sings lyrics that per fectly describe his own gifted footwork："When you dance, there's a magic that must be love.“As stunning an artistic statement as Off the Wall was, it did little to prepare anyone for the cultural phenomenon that was his subsequent album, Thriller. Ja ckson’s goal was to create an album in which every song was a hit. He didn't quite accomplish that, but he did create a classic pop album that fans zealously snatched up (to the tune of an estimated 100 million copies worldwide to date) and that solidified his status as the King of Pop. Debate still rages about whether Off the Wall or Thriller is stronger as an album. But the sea change Jackson created with Thriller had less to do with the music than with the medium.At the height of MTV, Jackson became the first black artist to create a fan base using his image rather than in spite d it. His grasp of performance and presentation remains without parallel.Jackson's subsequent albums failed to reach the heights of Thriller. But Jackson retained his knack for spectacle. Every music video he released was a major event, which is why MTV's lifetime-achievement statue at its annual awards show still bears his name. As a singer, as asongwriter, as a performer, as a dancer, Jackson remains among the most gi fted ’ imaginative ’ larger-than-life musician of any race that has ever come along. Whatever changed about him over the years, that certainly didn't.(此文选自Newsweek 2009年刊）1. According to Paragraph Two, which of the following is NOT true aboul Jackson's tragic death?[A] He had been busy preparing for his comeback shows before he died.[B] The tickets to his comeback shows had been sold out before he died.[C] His ever-changing appearance had negative effects on him.[D] People don't remember the way he changed the face of pop music.2. Which of the following is true about Jackson's songs mentioned in this passage?[A] "I Want You Back", "The Love You Save", "ABC" and "Rockin' Robin" were the four No.1 singles of Jackson 5.[B] Jackson failed to convey the meaning trf love and loss in the songs "I Want You Back" and "The Love You Save".[C] "Don't Stop Til You Get Enough" and "Rock With You" were from Off the Wall, which was his first solo album.[D] Jackson's won derful dancing skills were vividly described in the lyrics of “ Rock With You".3. "Straddle" in Paragraph Four can be best replaced by[A] deal with. [B] get over. [C] avoid. [D] end.4. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph Five?[A] Every song in Thriller was a success.[B] Thriller was more successful than Off the Wall.[C] Jackson had already been recognized as the King of Pop before Thriller.[D] Some of Jackson's fans still minded his image as a black person.5. The tone of the passage can be best described as[A] commendatory. [B] derogatory. [C] critical. [D] neutral.2009年6月25日.美国“流行天王”迈克尔•杰克逊在洛杉矾突发心脏病离世,终年50岁。

探究英语专业精读课程与思政元素的有效融合——《新交际英语阅读教程2》为例

162020年41期总第533期ENGLISH ON CAMPUS探究英语专业精读课程与思政元素的有效融合——《新交际英语阅读教程2》为例文/郭娟娟深入研究不同专业的育人目标，深度挖掘提炼专业知识体系中所蕴含的思想价值和精神内涵，科学合理拓展专业课程的广度、深度和温度，从课程所涉专业、行业、国家、国际、文化、历史等角度，增加课程的知识性、人文性，以提升引领性、时代性和开放性”，从而全方位地提升育人质量。

专业课作为大学教育的主阵地和课程思政建设的基本载体，在发挥思想政治教育功能上具有充足的时间保证[4]，英语专业课程，以其内在的人文性和思辨性，隐含了丰富的思政元素，教师通过挖掘专业课程中的思政元素和资源，梳理专业课教学内容。

结合课程特点、思维方法、价值理念和学生成长需求，将思政元素有机融入课程教学过程中，将专业知识传授与价值引领有机融合，在丰富课程教学内容的同时，让教学内容变得更有深度、更有广度、更有温度，以达到“润物无声”的育人效果，从而让课程教学回归“育人”这一本真。

五、结合实例，梳理思政元素本论文主要围绕学生在“小我”和“大我”成长的两个层面，结合《新交际英语阅读教程2》的教学过程，挖掘并梳理教学过展中的思政元素，并将这些元素有机融入课程教学过程中，从而展现如何在英语专业课程中实现思政目标，帮助并促进学生的全面发展。

学生“小我”的成长主要是指促进学生的个人发展，包括学生外语学习能力的提升以及自我学习和终身学习习惯的培养；良好的团队协作能力、沟通能力、实际应用能力、分析问题并解决问题的能力、评估能力和创新能力的提高；求真务实、踏实严谨、追求卓越品格的养成；人文素养、思想道德修养的提升；人格健全和意志锤炼等。

学生“大我”的成长，主要指学生国际视野的拓展、跨文化交际能力的提高；正确的人生观、世界观和价值观的建立；爱国情怀、民族自信心和文化自信的树立等。

与其他课程一样，新时代大学阶段的英语专业教学也要坚持育人为本，德育为先，把思想政治教育工作作为立德树人的根本任务。

英语专业阅读教程1 parents and children

So, here and now, as President of the United States of America, with the authority given to me by the constitution and the laws of the United States, I proclaim September 23, 2002, as Family Day.
Structure
Part 1(para1-2): what is child abuse? Part 2(para3-5): how to judge and report a
case of child abuse? Part 3(para6-8): what causes child abuse?
Almie Rose
Which type of writing does this passage belong to?
(description, narration, exposition and argumentation)
Narration
Chronological order
Two months before Christmas, …. As Christmas drew nearer, …. On December 23rd,…. On Christmas Eve,…. On Christmas morning,….
Parents may have a lot of things to do, but looking after a child should be the top of priority. This is because the child is right in the process of physical and mental growth. We cannot delay our attention to him/her even for one day.

词源分析在英语专业精读课篇章理解中的作用--以《现代大学英语精读》为例

一、词源信息对外语学习的作用
“etymology（词源）”源自希腊语词“étumos（真
实的）”，以“etymon（词的本义或最初形式）”的形式进入英语词汇，最后以“etymology”的拼写形式稳定下来。从广义而言，词源研究的是词的来源与历史，包括词性与词义的变化，以及对由其他语言引入的借词所作的研究等［3］。词源的丰富内涵对外语学习者的词汇学习可起到补充和强化作用。首先，在文化方面，词源信息从词的溯源向学习者展示该词的文化内涵，使学习者知其然亦知其所以然。譬如，《精读 3》第四课 Diogenes and Alexander 中作者这样描述亚历山大帝：“and toward women，he was nobly restrained and chivalrous”。学生通过“chivalrous”一词的词源可以了解到西方历史上的骑士制度（chivalry）及其对英国绅士文化形成的影响，加深对课文人物形象塑造的理解。在词法层面，英语词汇的长期演变决定了英语构词法的多样性，查阅词源信息可以对词汇的构成方式有较为直接的了解，有助于词汇的有效记忆和猜词能力的培养。《精读 4》第四课 Lions and Tigers and Bears 出现的新词“indefatigable”，该词虽生僻却可通过词源推断其词义，其词源信息显示该词由三部分构成：in-‘not’+de-‘away， completely’+fatigare ‘wear out’，组合起来即“孜孜
84
不倦的；坚持不懈的”之意。在词义方面，有些词语的词源展示了词义扩大、缩小、升格和降格的变化，了解词语在某个特定历史时期的意义对于理解词语所在的语境有很大帮助。如《精读 4》第二课 Spring Sowing 中“shrewd”一词，“shrewd”是“shrew （‘evil person or thing’）”的变体，本指“evil in nature or character”，后来其贬义色彩逐渐褪去，取而代之的是如今广为人知的褒义涵义“having or showing sharp powers of judgment（精明的，机敏的）”，因此莎士比亚喜剧“The Taming of the Shrew（驯悍记）”中 “shrew”指的是“悍妇”，而课文句子“Mary，with her shrewd woman’s mind...”中“shrewd”的意思则是“敏锐的；灵敏的”。在语用方面，词源信息可以明确词汇使用的规范性，引导学习者通过词语的语体色彩体会文章的文体色彩，从而提高学习者用词的准确度。如《精读 3》第十一课 Why Historians Disagree，作者说道：“‘truth’is but an elusive yet intriguing goal in a never-ending quest.” quest 属于书面用语，意为“探索”，了解其语体色彩不仅可用于辨析近义词而且有助于把握文章整体语言风格。由此可见，词源信息既可提高学习者的文化认知，也能帮助学习者挖掘词语之间在结构上的联系，了解词义的扩大与缩小、扬升与贬降、弱化与转移等，增加对词语语体色彩的了解，提升语言运用的得体性［4］。

the catcher in the rye英文原著

the catcher in the rye英文原著"The Catcher in the Rye" is a classic novel written by J.D. Salinger. It tells the story of Holden Caulfield, a teenage boy who is struggling with identity, depression, and a sense of disillusionment with the adult world.The novel is known for its raw and honest portrayal of teenage angst and confusion. Through Holden's narration, we see his struggles with school, family, and relationships. He desperately tries to find meaning and connection in a world that seems corrupt and phony to him.Salinger's writing style is unique, with vivid and introspective prose that brings Holden's inner thoughts and emotions to life. The book explores themes of authenticity, loneliness, and the search for belonging, making it a powerful and thought-provoking read."The Catcher in the Rye" has had a significant impact on literature and pop culture, and it continues to resonate with readers of all ages. Its themes and characters have become iconic, and the novel is often regarded as a staple of coming-of-age literature.Overall, "The Catcher in the Rye" offers a poignant and unforgettable journey into the mind of a teenager trying to make sense of a complex and often overwhelming world. It serves as a reminder of the universal challenges faced during adolescence and the importance of self-discovery and acceptance.。

misadventure in english课文

misadventure in english课文我曾在英语课上经历了一次非常不幸的遭遇。

那是在我还是一个高中生的时候，我正在学习英语作为我的第二外语。

尽管我对学习英语产生了浓厚的兴趣，但那天的课堂经历却成为了我一个难以忘怀的记忆。

那个早晨，我兴高采烈地来到了教室。

我们的英语老师是一位年轻而且非常有经验的女性。

她总是充满热情地教导我们，让我们感到英语学习是一件有趣且有用的事情。

然而，我们这天的课堂内容超过了我的预期。

这节课，我们的老师突然提议进行一次辩论，让我们争论一个热门话题。

这对我来说是一个巨大的挑战，因为我不仅要用英语表达自己的观点，还要与我的同学进行辩论。

我心里开始有些紧张，因为这是我第一次参与这样的辩论。

我的英语水平虽然不错，但面对一堂完全由英语授课的课堂，我仍然感到非常不安。

辩论开始后，我主动发言并表达了我对该话题的观点。

虽然我努力想表达清楚，但是我的英语说得很慢，语法错误也时有发生。

我的同学们开始笑话我，我感到非常尴尬和困惑。

看到我不自信的表情，我的英语老师走过来鼓励我，她说：“不要害怕犯错误，每个人都有学习的过程。

你已经勇敢地站起来，这是值得称赞的。

继续尝试，相信自己，你会变得越来越好。

”听到老师的鼓励，我重新振作起来。

我深呼吸了一口气，然后继续发表我的论点。

尽管我的英语并不完美，但我尽力表达自己的观点和思想。

我的同学们开始认真听我说话，而不再嘲笑我。

我发现，即使是犯了很多语法错误，只要我坚持表达自己，努力让自己的观点清晰明了，我仍然得到了其他人的尊重和认可。

这个经历让我明白了一个重要的教训，那就是在学习英语或任何其他语言时，不要畏惧犯错误。

错误是学习的一部分，只有通过不断尝试和错误中成长，我们才能提高自己的语言能力。

这次辩论经历成为了我英语学习的重要里程碑。

从那之后，我变得更加积极主动地参与英语课堂上的活动，不再害怕自己的不足。

我经常与老师和同学进行讨论和交流，努力用英语来表达我的思想和观点。

英语小说选读

英语小说选读文件编码（TTU-UITID-GGBKT-POIU-WUUI-0089）A&Pby John UpdikeIn walks these three girls in nothing but bathing suits. I'm in the third check-out slot, with my back to the door, so I don't see them until they're over by the bread. The one that caught my eye first was the one in the plaid green two-piece. She was a chunky kid, with a good tan and a sweet broad soft-looking can with those two crescents of white just under it, where the sun never seems to hit, at the top of the backs of her legs. I stood there with my hand on a box of HiHo crackers trying to remember if I rang it up or not. I ring it up again and the customer starts giving me hell. She's one of these cash-register-watchers, a witch about fifty with rouge on her cheekbones and no eyebrows, and I know it made her day to trip me up. She'd been watching cash registers forty years and probably never seen a mistake before.By the time I got her feathers smoothed and her goodies into a bag -- she gives me a little snort in passing, if she'd been born at the right time they would have burned her over in Salem -- by the time I get her on her way the girls had circled around the bread and were coming back, without a pushcart, back my way along the counters, in the aisle between the check-outs and the Special bins. They didn't even have shoes on. There was this chunky one, with the two-piece -- it was bright green and the seams on the bra were still sharp and her belly was still pretty pale so I guessed she just got it (the suit) -- there was this one, with one of those chubby berry-faces, the lips all bunched together under her nose, this one, and a tall one, with black hair that hadn't quite frizzed卷曲 right, and one of these sunburns right across under the eyes, and a chin that was too long -- you know, the kind of girl other girls think is very "striking" and "attractive" but never quite makes it, as they very well know, which is why they like her so much -- and then the third one, that wasn't quite so tall.She was the queen. She kind of led them, the other two peeking around and making their shoulders round. She didn't look around, not this queen, she just walked straight on slowly, on these long white prima donna（Italian, first lady）legs. She came down a little hard on her heels, as if she didn't walk in her bare feet that much, putting down her heels and then letting the weight move along to her toes as if she was testing the floor with every step, putting a little deliberate extra action into it. You never know for sure how girls' minds work (do you really think it's a mind in there or just a little buzz like a bee in a glass jar)but you got the idea she had talked the other two into coming in here with her, and now she was showing them how to do it, walk slow and hold yourself straight.She had on a kind of dirty-pink - - beige maybe, I don't know -- bathing suit with a little nubble all over it and, what got me, the straps were down. They were off her shoulders looped loose around the cool tops of her arms, and I guess as a result the suit had slipped a little on her, so all around the top of the cloth there was this shining rim. If it hadn't been there you wouldn't have known there could have been anything whiter than those shoulders. With the straps pushed off, there was nothing between the top of the suit and the top of her head except just her, this clean bare plane of the top of her chest down from the shoulder bones like a dented sheet of metal tilted in the light. I mean, it was more than pretty.She had sort of oaky hair that the sun and salt had bleached, done up in a bun that was unravelling, and a kind of prim face. Walking into the A & P with your straps down, I suppose it's the only kind of face you can have. She held her head so high her neck, coming up out of those white shoulders, looked kind of stretched, but I didn'tmind. The longer her neck was, the more of her there was.She must have felt in the corner of her eye me and over my shoulder Stokesie in the second slot watching, but she didn't tip. Not this queen. She kept her eyes moving across the racks, and stopped, and turned so slow it made my stomach rub the inside of my apron, and buzzed to the other two, who kind of huddled against her for relief, and they all three of them went up the cat-and-dog-food-breakfast-cereal-macaroni-rice-raisins-seasonings-spreads-spaghetti-soft drinks- rackers-and- cookies aisle. From the third slot I look straight up this aisle to the meat counter, and I watched them all the way. The fat one with the tan sort of fumbled with the cookies, but on second thought she put the packages back. The sheep pushing their carts down the aisle -- the girls were walking against the usual traffic (not that we have one-way signs or anything) -- were pretty hilarious 非常滑稽的. You could see them, when Queenie's white shoulders dawned on them, kind of jerk, or hop, or hiccup打嗝, but their eyes snapped back to their own baskets and on they pushed. I bet you could set off dynamite in an A & P and the people would by and large keep reaching and checking oatmeal off their lists and muttering "Let me see, there was a third thing, began with A, asparagus, no, ah, yes, applesauce!" or whatever it is they do mutter. But there was no doubt, this jiggled them.A few house-slaves in pin curlers卷发夹子even looked around after pushing their carts past to make sure what they had seen was correct.You know, it's one thing to have a girl in a bathing suit down on the beach, where what with the glare nobody can look at each other much anyway, and another thing in the cool of the A & P, under the fluorescent lights, against all those stacked packages, with her feet paddling along naked over our checkerboard green-and-cream rubber-tile floor."Oh Daddy," Stokesie said beside me. "I feel so faint.""Darling," I said. "Hold me tight." Stokesie's married, with two babies chalked up on his fuselage already, but as far as I can tell that's the only difference. He's twenty-two, and I was nineteen this April."Is it done" he asks, the responsible married man finding his voice. I forgot to say he thinks he's going to be manager some sunny day, maybe in 1990 when it's called the Great Alexandrov and Petrooshki Tea Company or something.What he meant was, our town is five miles from a beach, with a big summer colony out on the Point, but we're right in the middle of town, and the women generally put on a shirt or shorts or something before they get out of the car into the street. And anyway these are usually women with six children and varicose veins mapping their legs and nobody, including them, could care less. As I say, we're right in the middle of town, and if you stand at our front doors you can see two banks and the Congregational church and the newspaper store and three real-estate offices and about twenty-seven old free-loaders食客tearing up Central Street because the sewer broke again. It's not as if we're on the Cape; we're north of Boston and there's people in this town haven't seen the ocean for twenty years.The girls had reached the meat counter and were asking McMahon something. He pointed, they pointed, and they shuffled out of sight behind a pyramid of Diet Delight peaches. All that was left for us to see was old McMahon patting his mouth and looking after them sizing up their joints. Poor kids, I began to feel sorry for them, they couldn't help it.Now here comes the sad part of the story, at least my family says it's sad but I don't think it's sad myself. The store's pretty empty, it beingThursday afternoon, so there was nothing much to do except lean on the register and wait for the girls to show up again. The whole store was like a pinball machine and I didn't know which tunnel they'd come out of. After a while they come around out of the far aisle, around the light bulbs, records at discount of the Caribbean Six or Tony Martin Sings or some such gunk you wonder they waste the wax on, sixpacks of candy bars, and plastic toys done up in cellophane that fall apart when a kid looks at them anyway. Around they come, Queenie still leading the way, and holding a little gray jar in her hand. Slots Three through Seven are unmanned and I could see her wondering between Stokes and me, but Stokesie with his usual luck draws an old party in baggy gray pants who stumbles up with four giant cans of pineapple juice (what do these bums do with all that pineapple juice' I've often asked myself) so the girls come to me. Queenie puts down the jar and I take it into my fingers icy cold. Kingfish Fancy Herring Snacks in Pure Sour Cream: 49￠. Now her hands are empty, not a ring or a bracelet, bare as God made them, and I wonder where the money's coming from. Still with that prim look she lifts a folded dollar bill out of the hollow at the center of her nubbled pink top. The jar went heavy in my hand. Really, I thought that was so cute.Then everybody's luck begins to run out. Lengel comes in from haggling with a truck full of cabbages on the lot and is about to scuttle into that door marked MANAGER behind which he hides all day when the girls touch his eye. Lengel's pretty dreary, teaches Sunday school and the rest, but he doesn't miss that much. He comes over and says, "Girls, this isn't the beach."Queenie blushes, though maybe it's just a brush of sunburn I was noticing for the first time, now that she was so close. "My mother asked me to pick up a jar of herring snacks." Her voice kind of startled me, the way voices do when you see the people first, coming out so flat and dumb yet kind of tony, too, the way it ticked over "pick up" and"snacks." All of a sudden I slid right down her voice into her living room. Her father and the other men were standing around in ice-cream coats and bow ties and the women were in sandals picking up herring snacks on toothpicks off a big plate and they were all holding drinks the color of water with olives and sprigs of mint in them. When my parents have somebody over they get lemonade and if it's a real racy affair Schlitz in tall glasses with "They'll Do It Every Time" cartoons stencilled on."That's all right," Lengel said. "But this isn't the beach." His repeating this struck me as funny, as if it had just occurred to him, and he had been thinking all these years the A & P was a great big dune沙丘and he was the head lifeguard. He didn't like my smiling -- -as I say he doesn't miss much -- but he concentrates on giving the girls that sad Sunday- school-superintendent stare.Queenie's blush is no sunburn now, and the plump one in plaid, that I liked better from the back -- a really sweet can -- pipes up, "We weren't doing any shopping. We just came in for the one thing.""That makes no difference," Lengel tells her, and I could see from the way his eyes went that he hadn't noticed she was wearing a two-piece before. "We want you decently dressed when you come in here.""We are decent," Queenie says suddenly, her lower lip pushing, getting sore now that she remembers her place, a place from which the crowd that runs the A & P must look pretty crummy丰满的. Fancy Herring Snacks flashed in her very blue eyes."Girls, I don't want to argue with you. After this come in here with your shoulders covered. It's our policy." He turns his back. That's policy for you. Policy is what the kingpins want. What the others want is juvenile delinquency.All this while, the customers had been showing up with their carts but, you know, sheep, seeing ascene, they had all bunched up on Stokesie, whoshook open a paper bag as gently as peeling apeach, not wanting to miss a word. I could feel inthe silence everybody getting nervous, most of allLengel, who asks me, "Sammy, have you rung upthis purchase"I thought and said "No" but it wasn't aboutthat I was thinking. I go through the punches, 4, 9,GROC, TOT -- it's more complicated than you think,and after you do it often enough, it begins to makea little song, that you hear words to, in my case"Hello (bing)there, you (gung)hap-py pee-pul(splat)"-the splat being the drawer flying out. Iuncrease the bill, tenderly as you may imagine, itjust having come from between the two smoothestscoops of vanilla I had ever known were there, andpass a half and a penny into her narrow pink palm,and nestle the herrings in a bag and twist its neckand hand it over, all the time thinking.The girls, and who'd blame them, are in a hurry to get out, so I say "I quit" to Lengel quick enough for them to hear, hoping they'll stop and watch me, their unsuspected hero. They keep right on going, into the electric eye; the door flies open and they flicker across the lot to their car, Queenie and Plaid and Big Tall Goony-Goony（黑脚）信天翁 (not that as raw material she was so bad), leaving me with Lengel and a kink in his eyebrow."Did you say something, Sammy""I said I quit.""I thought you did.""You didn't have to embarrass them.""It was they who were embarrassing us."I started to say something that came out"Fiddle-de-doo." It's a saying of my grand- mother's, and I know she would have been pleased."I don't think you know what you're saying,"Lengel said."I know you don't," I said. "But I do." I pull the bow at the back of my apron and start shrugging itoff my shoulders. A couple customers that hadbeen heading for my slot begin to knock againsteach other, like scared pigs in a chute.Lengel sighs and begins to look very patient and old and gray. He's been a friend of my parentsfor years. "Sammy, you don't want to do this toyour Mom and Dad," he tells me. It's true, I don't.But it seems to me that once you begin a gestureit's fatal not to go through with it. I fold the apron,"Sammy" stitched in red on the pocket, and put iton the counter, and drop the bow tie on top of it.The bow tie is theirs, if you've ever wondered."You'll feel this for the rest of your life," Lengel says, and I know that's true, too, but remembering howhe made that pretty girl blush makes me soscrunchy inside I punch the No Sale tab and themachine whirs "pee-pul" and the drawer splats out.One advantage to this scene taking place insummer, I can follow this up with a clean exit,there's no fumbling around getting your coat andgaloshes, I just saunter into the electric eye in mywhite shirt that my mother ironed the night before,and the door heaves itself open, and outside thesunshine is skating around on the asphalt.I look around for my girls, but they're gone, ofcourse. There wasn't anybody but some youngmarried screaming with her children about somecandy they didn't get by the door of a powder-blueFalcon station wagon. Looking back in the bigwindows, over the bags of peat moss andaluminum lawn furniture stacked on the pavement,I could see Lengel in my place in the slot, checkingthe sheep through. His face was dark gray and hisback stiff, as if he'd just had an injection of iron,and my stomach kind of fell as I felt how hard theworld was going to be to me hereafter.Who is the narrator Do you find him a reliable narratorWhat kind of person is Sammy? Find details in the story to support your idea.The plot of a short story revolves around the development of the conflict. What is the conflict of the story Find out the beginning, the rising action, the climax and the resolution of the conflict. To what extent does the conflict depend on different interpretations of such concepts as decency and policyDo you think the girls meant to cause trouble by coming to the story in bathing suits? What evidence is there for or against that? If the answer were/is yes? How would that affect the theme of the storyIs Sammy's quitting a form of rebellion or a statement of some sort Does it have any meaning What is he rebelling against Are there unconscious targets of his rebellion Who is the enemy here Are there any forms of oppression at work in the story Who is oppressed (or "embarrassed" for that matter) Is Sammy's standing up for the girls in some way a form of standing up for himselfOn what phenomena is Updike commenting in this short story What's the connection between sexual titillation, a chain grocery store, and a rebel without a cause What makes Sammy quit Why was he not so sad about it Why was the world going to be so difficult for him now Is Sammy fully aware of the character and implications of his gestureWhat tensions are at work in the story's situation What kind of business is the A&P What do the attitudes of the manager reveal about his character and that of the business that he manages What ethic is at work here (remember this is New England). Does the story take place in a traditional, capitalist, or mixed socioeconomic environment Keeping in mind that the story was first published in 1962, what social processes, tensions, and changes become evident from the situation described How does the girls' behavior relate to the issue of the changing faces and adaptations of capitalism Is this an example of unruly and promiscuous public cultureintruding into the sacred realm of the Puritan work ethic How is the statement, "Policy is what the kingpins want. What the others want is juvenile delinquency," related to these issuesIs the girls behavior itself a kind of statement or rebellion of some sort What message are they sending by walking into the A&P in their bathing suitsWhat messages do the girls send through the commodities which they pick Why is it significant that they choose a supermarket for their self-display What does this suggest regarding the character of the human body in a commercial society Are the girls' bodies in some way commodified in the supermarket environment Is this a willing choice or an effect of the environment they find themselves in What is significant about the language Sammy uses to describe the girls' bodies Why does the store manager oppose the girls' behavior Is this a technical (i.e. insurance considerations) or a moral issue for him Should he be more concerned with making his customers happy Are different sets of values clashing here Is the commodifying of the self presented in a sense as a sort of liberation from the oppression of traditional values Are there generational conflicts represented in the story Are those conflicts related to socioeconomic ones Are the younger generations pushing for different (more liberal) models of economic behaviorWhat social class issues/conflicts become apparent in the story Is Queenie an upper class girl What does Sammy think How does he imagine her life How does he contrast his own existence to that of Queenie Is Queenie her real name What does Sammy know for a fact about her What does her behavior reveal Why does Sammy imagine her to be of higher class How is that supposition related to his later actions What in a sense is he trying to achieve by impressing QueenieHow are sexuality and desire related to issues of class and socioeconomic status How are they related to issues of consumption and merchandising Is Sammy in a sense choosing a "commodity" which he'd like to consume How is that commodity related to his own socioeconomic positionWhat attitude do the male employees Sammy, Stokesie, and "old McMahon" take toward the three girls in bathing suits How does the following description of Stokes bring to mind Veblen's account of relations between the sexes: "Stokesie's married, with two babies chalked up on his fuselage already" (705) What's the point of Updike's description: "The whole store was like a pinball machine and I didn't know which tunnel they'd come out of."What sorts of things do we learn about the store and its products Why does Updike mention a "pyramid of Diet Delight peaches"What is the significance of the difference between and the different effects of fluorescent light and sunlight in the story How are the different types of light connected to different visions and ways of understanding What is the artificial light symbolic of What does Sammy realize as soon as he steps out of the store and into the sunshine Whatillusions/delusions was Sammy a victim of while inside the store What images await him in the outside How do they relate to Sammy's encounter with the girlsIs the consciousness of the author (Updike) the same as that of the narrator (Sammy) What does Updike suggest concerning Sammy's limitations of perception and understanding What does Updike know that Sammy doesn'tWhat does A & P symbolize?赠送常用精致线性可编辑小图标。

高一英语早读阅读理解练习At the crossroads 课文原文

At the crossroads“WHY DIDN’T the chicken cross the road?”“Because there was a KFC on the other side.”This was one of my favorite jokes when I was growing up in America. But now I wonder if the chicken would want to cross the road even if there were no KFCs.In many big cities, jaywalkers and “jay-riders”make the streets dangerous for everybody. They cross the street at the wrong time or in the wrong place. Standing at the crossroads, “chickens” —or pedestrians(行人) —are nervous about the “jay-rid ers.” Car drivers, meanwhile, are furious (狂怒的) at the jaywalkers.Rules for when, where and how we should use the streets are important for safety and order in society. We are taught in primary school that we should always follow them. But these days, we seem to live life at top speed. Many times, I have seen people cross the street unsa fely. “Speedy” couriers (送货员) run red lights and get dangerously close to pedestrians. These people think “speed” is more important than “safety.” They are putting the car t before the horse.Shanghai has now introduced new traffic rules. People willreceive financial penalties(惩罚) for jaywalking or jay-riding. For sure, this is welcome. However, there may be problems. Before giving a fine, the police must witness the person jaywalking or jay-riding. Obviously, there are not enough police officers to keep an eye on all the streets. That means some lawbreakers will not be caught and fined. Also, some say the fine is too small (20 yuan for jaywalkers and 50 yuan for jay-riders) to stop people from breaking the rules.I applaud Shanghai for introducing the new rules, but I think the city can do even better. Otherwise, s mart “chickens” mi ght still be a little frightened about crossing the road — even if there are no KFCs on the other side!By Bradley K. QuigleyEW Staff Writer。

英语专业课后阅读题及答案

Lesson oneTranslate the following text into English随着信息技术的飞速发展，互联网络已成为中国老百姓讨论公共事务、表达意见、监督政府官员的一个重要公共平台。

最近的调查显示，中国网民的年龄基本上集中在18到45岁，这部分人恰恰是社会上最活跃的人群，敢于表达自己的主见。

有专家认为，中国网络媒体所表现出来的社会影响力清楚地表明网络已成为中国的主流媒体之一。

With the rapid development of information of information technology, the Internet has became an important public platform for Chinese ordinary people to discuss public affairs, voice opinions and monitor government officials. The recent survey has shown that the average age of Chinese Internet users ranges from 18 to 45. These people are actually the most active population of the society who dare to express their viewpoints. Experts believe the social impact that Chinese Internet media have shown us clearly indicated that the Internet has already become one of the mainstream media in China. Translate the following text into ChineseFew of us young people believe that we shall ever die. There is a feeling of eternity in youth, which makes us amend for everything. To be young is to be one of the immoral gods. One half of a lifetime indeed is flown---the other half remains in store for us with all its countless treasures. We see no limits to our hopes and wishes; for we have great expectations. We make the coming age our own. A vast, unbounded prospect lies ahead of us. We look around us in the new world, lively, exciting and advancing. We ourselves feel vigour, and ambition, progressing to keep pace with it. There are no signs whatsoever that time will come when we shall be left behind in due course and decline into old age and pass away in the end.很少有年轻相信自己要死。

大学英语专业泛读教程第三册课文翻译

UNIT 1课文一新造词英语中每天都有新词出现。

你知道这些词是怎么产生的吗？阅读下文你就能找到造英语单词的各种方法。

学者们估计英语大约有600 000个单词，不过也许更多。

新的词语不断进入英语，其速度之快，大概没有一本字典能跟得上。

几个世纪以前，源于盎格鲁•撒克逊语、日尔曼语以及法语的原有词汇，占英语的五分之四。

余下的五分之一，一部分由外来词组成，另外的部分由其它三种词组成，它们是：表示人名、地名的专有名词；象声词以及新造的词。

安培、伏特和瓦特都是电学的计量单位，它们都是用发现者的名字命名的，他们分别是是法国物理学家安德烈•M•安培、意大利物理学家阿勒森德罗•伏特、苏格兰工程师兼发明家詹姆士•瓦特。

今天我们都喝用巴氏灭菌法消毒的牛奶，这种奶即清又纯。

巴氏灭菌法便得名于法国医生路易斯•巴斯德，是他发明了消毒牛奶的制作方法。

在英语中像这样的词有许多。

象声词代表它们模仿的事物或行为的声音。

现举例如下：嗡嗡滴答砰砰咕哝喳喳嚎啕扑通啪啪嘀咕咯咯嘤嘤呼哧对于上述单词无需再作任何解释，因为它们不言自明。

或许你还可以想出更多类似的单词来。

接下来是新造的词。

讲英语的人总是根据需要创造词汇，而且每天仍在这样做。

一种新造的词是由另外两个词构成的。

字典里将这种词称为复合词。

如果把“玩耍”和“物品”放在一起，我们就可以得到复合词“玩具”。

你还能为下表添加多少类似的词呢？雨衣奶昔楼上停顿前灯关闭帆船楼下收入标题除了把两个词放在一起之外，我们还可以给单词添加一些成分，即前缀和后缀。

大多数前缀和后缀来自拉丁语和希腊语，而且它们都有自己特别的意义。

当我们在词的前面加前缀或在其后面加后缀时，我们就改变了它的意思。

例如，前缀re-意思为“再”。

如果把re-加到“作”或者“画”的前面，我们就得到了两个新词，意思为“再作一次”和“再画一次”。

Un-意思为“相反的”或者“不”。

把un-加到“快乐的”或者“和蔼的”前边，我们就得到了“不快乐”和“不和蔼”。

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英语专业糟读课中的英文原著阅读
摘要：英语专业的精读课是一门极其重要的专业主干课。

精读课教学内容丰富，教学任务繁重，但也是让学生感到枯燥无味，没有学习兴趣一门课。

为丰富教学内容，提高教学效果，在精读课中分割出一定比例的课时进行英文原著阅读不失为一条好的教学、学习策略。

关键词：英语专业精读课英文原著阅读
根据我院两强人才培养目标的要求，英语专业要把教学工作重心放在口语和专业证书上面。

为了最大限度地帮助学生通过英语专业阶段测试，获取证书，英语教学的目的、方法以及内容和形式都发生了很大变化,在教学上表现出由单纯的语言知识教学转向培养语言运用能力及运用英语进行交际的实际能力。

在各类考试中,仅考语言知识的项目越来越少,重点已转移到考查学生综合运用英语语言的能力,特别是阅读能力,包括阅读速度、信息获取与处理能力以及语篇分析能力等。

1 阅读原著的重要性
兴趣是最好的老师。

学习英语必须首先培养学生的学习兴趣。

文学之所以成为沟通不同文化的一个重要方面，是因为它是灵魂沟通的媒介。

电影《中国合伙人》中孟晓俊,程东青等人在大学期间苦读英文原著几百本,真正地把英语学到了骨子里。

通过书籍，他们真正了
解了美国文化、美国人，所以在多年以后和美国人的交锋中不卑不亢，打了许多漂亮仗。

其根本原因是他们真正懂了一种语言，一种文化，一个民族的表里骨髓。

1.1 原著阅读是学好英美文学的需要
为了应试中学阶段可以读一些英文简写本掌握相应的语言点和知识点。

但进入英语专业以后各门课程都要求其精深，而非表皮。

英文名著都是英美文学的精髓，阅读的积累就是对文学知识的积累。

文学是历史的一面镜子。

学好了英美文学就会更好地了解英美国家的历史，加深对一些文化现象的深层次理解。

“会当凌绝顶，一览众山小。

”
1.2 原著阅读能够促进我们对英语国家历史文化的了解
《了不起的盖茨比》的作者菲茨杰拉德是“迷惘的一代”作家最杰出的代表之一，书中向世人鲜活地阐释了什么是“美国梦”。

富兰克林的“美国梦”是为了客观目标，立足于现实条件稳扎稳打地去努力拼搏，是“纯正”的“美国梦”。

他的梦想因其客观性和理智性而获得成功。

富兰克林通过合法途径，付出汗水，运用智慧，遵循人类基本道德准则，最终获得成功。

而书中主人公盖茨比的梦想极具主观性。

他将黛西奉为“女神”，痛失所爱之后，又把不择手段积累财富，重新赢回黛西的芳心视为毕生成功的唯一追求。

他在积累财富的过程中被迷失了心智，日益被判了他的宗教信仰与伦理道德，与黑帮老大麦尔·沃尔夫山姆结交。

这一切已经背叛了他的良知和最初的宗教信仰及伦理道
德，也注定了其悲剧的必然性。

1.3 原著阅读是学习英语的重要途径之一
“众所周知，文学是任何一种成熟度语言所承载的文化中的重要组成部分，而文学语言则是语言中最具艺术性的精华部分，为我们提供了学习语言的最佳材料。

”每本作品都有其精彩所在，文化性、知识性、道德性、宗教性、伦理性光芒四射。

当我们汲取到这些精神养分之后会感觉心旷神怡。

多读一本书，就等于多了一位心灵的导师在教导我们，在指引我们的成长成才之路。

良书即是益友。

1.4 文化与交际
交际的过程是人们运用语言知识和社会文化知识传递信息的过程, 所以学习语言和理解语言所反映的文化背景知识是分不开的。

了解英语文化知识,有助于交际畅通有效地进行。

语用失误却不会被像语法失误一样看待。

如果一个能说一口流利外语的人出现语用失误，他很可能会被认为缺乏礼貌或不友好。

他在交际中的失误便不会被归咎于语言能力的缺乏，而会被归咎于他的粗鲁或敌意。

2 英文原著阅读的实施策略
2.1 学生自己阅读与教师推荐相结合
作为英语专业的学生，对英语文学有了一定的认识，因此，可以选择自己熟悉的作品原著来阅读，这样有助于深入地阅读学习。

也可
以选择自己没有接触过的文学作品，对陌生作品的好奇心与求知欲可以推动阅读，克服阅读中遇到的一些困难（如生词、寓意复杂的段落等）。

教师可以根据学生目前的英语水平和实际情况推荐出一个系列书单给学生参考。

实际上很多大师级的人物已经列出过详细的阅读书单。

比如台湾知名学者余秋雨教授的《青少年必读名著系列》就是很好的一个版本。

2.2 阅读与观影相结合
将阅读与观影有机地结合起来，可以很好地激发学生的阅读兴趣，让学生对原著有更加生动的理解。

要学习了解俄国历史，就不能不看鸿篇巨著《战争与和平》。

电影以一1812年的卫国战争为中心事件，以库拉根、保尔康斯基、别素号夫、罗斯托夫四家贵族家庭生活为情节发展线索，广泛地展示了前方和后方俄国社会生活的图画。

2.3 协调与课堂学习的关系
原著阅读与课堂学习是相辅相成的关系。

一方面，阅读原著需要应用课堂学习的基本知识和基本技能。

另一方面，阅读过程中迸发的灵感火花与获得的有益体验也可以促进课堂学习。

在英语学习中的Reading comprehension板块中两者得以有机交融。

阅读中去理解，理解中促进阅读，才能达到阅读的理想境界，即：阅读是懂的，阅读是美的。

原著阅读时间可以应安排在课堂后半部分十几分钟，为集体阅
读时间，之后的几分钟时间为讨论、发表陈述环节，学生可以各抒己见，分享读书心得，也提高了口语表达能力。

然后教师分配课后任务，下次课上阅读时间要安排几个人做书评的活动。

教师对这项工作要安排细致，科学合理，学生可以从容完成，就会大增其阅读和学习的兴趣。

2.4 提高教师的文化素养
作为信息时代的教师必须树立终身学习的正确理念。

当今时代科技发达，教师的含义远不同于几十年前的“教书匠”。

学生在网络上可以自主学习各类知识。

教师的教，应该从教授学生知识向教授学生如何学习转变。

网络世界五花八门，有时也充满陷阱与欺骗，一不小心就会陷入污浊的泥潭。

所以，网络是把双刃剑。

我们应该利用好网络资源，同时不能忽视传统观念的学习。

教师要想教好学生必须自己首先在传统学习和网络学习两方面走在学生的前面，才能给予学生科学合理的指导，才可为人师。

在西方文化教学过程中,就必须要求学生理解、尊重和包容西方文化,取其精华,去其糟粕。

参考文献
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[2]陈国平,魏为燚.如何在新课程中提高课堂教学的有效性[N].中国教师报,2006.
[3]王新春.提高英语教学的有效途径——文学欣赏”[J].科教文汇,2007.
[4]祝亚峰.经典阅读与外国文学教学[J].安徽教育学院学报,2006.。