初中常见的12种句型练习
初中there be句型练习题
初中there be句型练习题初中There be句型练习题There be句型是初中英语中非常重要的一种句型，它用来描述某个地方存在或发生了什么事情。
在这篇文章中，我们将通过一些练习题来巩固和加深对There be句型的理解和运用。
练习题一：根据所给的图片和提示，用There be句型来描述图片中的情景。
1. 图片中有一间教室，教室里有十二个学生和一位老师。
There is a classroom. There are twelve students and a teacher in the classroom.2. 图片中有一个公园，公园里有一棵大树和几个小孩。
There is a park. There is a big tree and some children in the park.3. 图片中有一只房子，房子前面有一辆红色的汽车。
There is a house. There is a red car in front of the house.练习题二：根据所给的句子，选择正确的答案。
1. ________ a cat and two dogs in the garden.A. There isB. There areC. There be答案：B. There are2. ________ many books on the shelf.A. There isB. There areC. There be答案：B. There are3. ________ a party in my house tonight.A. There isB. There areC. There be答案：A. There is练习题三：根据所给的情景，用There be句型来回答问题。
1. A: What can you see in the picture?B: ________ a beautiful garden with colorful flowers.答案：There is2. A: How many students are there in your class?B: ________ thirty students in my class.答案：There are3. A: Is there a swimming pool in your neighborhood?B: No, ________ a park.答案：there is练习题四：根据所给的句子，用There be句型来写出相应的疑问句和否定句。
(英语)初中英语特殊句式常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析
（英语）初中英语特殊句式常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析一、初中英语特殊句式1．—Lucy can't go mountain climbing with us tomorrow.—_________ I have to do housework at home.A． So can I.B． Neither can I.C． Neither I can.【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：--明天露西不能和我们一起去爬山。
--我也不能去。
我不得不在家里做作业。
So+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语：某某也如此，与上文不是同一人。
上文是否定句，下文表示某某也不，用 neither +助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语。
这些句式在时态上与前一个句子相同。
根据上句用情态动词can，是否定句，结合句意，故选B。
【考点定位】考查倒装。
2．---Who is the boy ________ is playing football over there?---The one over there? It’s Jim.A． who B． that C． which D． whom【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意:-在那里踢足球的男孩是谁？-那边的那个吗？是吉姆。
该题为定语从句，先行词是Jim,且主句的主语是疑问词who或which时，引导词用that,故答案选B。
考点：考查定语从句。
3．---I don’t like action films. They are too noisy.--- ________. I never watch action films.A．Neither do I B．Neither I doC．So do I D．So I do【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：我不喜欢动作电影，它们太吵了。
我也不喜欢，我从不看动作电影。
Neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语，表示“也不……”，而Neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语，表示“也……”，结合语境故选A。
初中英语句型汇总
初中英语句型汇总一、主语+不及物动词1.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.2.I live in a small village.3.She speaks English very well.4.They are playing football.5.The book is on the table.6.He will arrive in an hour.7.They are studying Chinese.8.The book is written in simple English.9.The students are listening to the teacher carefully.10.The students study hard.11.He runs fast.12.The sun rises in the morning.二、主语+不及物动词+宾语1. I bought a new shirt yesterday.2.They have finished their homework already.3.The boy is playing his guitar now.4. We can' t live without air or water.5.They will go to the zoo tomorrow.6. He has to work hard to learn English well.7.They are growing rice in their fields now.8.We can' t eat without salt and oil.9.He always remembers his motherland.10.They often go to the library on Sundays.11.She likes English.12.We study hard.三、主语+及物动词+宾语1. I like English language best.2 We can speak English fluently now.3 They have visited many countries before.4 Do you like Chinese tea or coffee?5 I usually drink coffee in the morning .6.My mother cooks very tasty food at homeon Sundays.7 .You mustn' t play in the street.8 .They will not come to see us tomorrow.9 .He has written several books already.10.They have given us a lot of help during our stay here11.I saw a movie.12.They bought a new car.四、主语+及物动词+双宾语1.Can you pass me the book?2.He gave me a gift.五、主语+及物动词+复合宾语1.I heard him singing.2.They elected him president.六、主语+系动词+表语1.She is a doctor.2.They feel tired.七、There be+主语1.There is a book on the table.2.There are many people in the park.八、主语+动词+疑问词+句子1.I don't know where he lives.2.Can you tell me how to get to the station?九、主语+情态动词+动词原形1.Ican swim.2.They should study hard.十、主语+祈使句1.You get out!2.You take your money away.。
初中英语语法五种类基本句型及练习(答案不全)
五中基本句型一、主语＋不及物动词（Subject＋Intransitive Verb）例如：They are running.剖析：在此句中，谓语动词是不及物动词，不必加宾语就可表达一个完整的、明确无误的意思。
有时为了表示动作发生的频率、原因、结果、目的、场所、时间等，可以带状语修饰动词，但状语不算句子的主要成分。
The students are playing under the tree.常见的不及物动词有：come, go, listen, wait, climb, move, jump, laugh, sit, stay等。
二、主语＋及物动词＋宾语（Subject＋Transitive Verb＋Object）例如：We read English every morning.My sister likes bread.I finished reading the book.常见的及物动词有：like, finish, enjoy, want, play, make, help, take, read, tell, teach, do等。
三、主语＋连系动词＋表语（Subject＋Link Verb＋Predicative）例如：They are English teachers.The days get longer.剖析：此类句型的谓语动词是连系动词，它本身有一定的涵义，但不能独立作谓语，它必须和表语一起构成谓语。
表语通常由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，说明主语是什么或怎么样。
My book is on the desk.The trees turn green in spring.常见的连系动词有：be动词, 感官动词feel（感觉）, look（看起来）, 以及表示变化的动词get（变得）, turn（变成）, become（成为）, go（变成）等。
四、主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语（Subject＋Verb ＋Indirect Object ＋Direct Object）例如：He told me a story yesterday.Could you pass me the salt?间接宾语有时也可以改成一个由to或for引起的短语，放在直接宾语之后，即构成“主语＋及物动词＋直接宾语＋介词＋间接宾语”的句式。
初中常见there be句型习题考题练习带答案【高分必看】
目录一. 单项选择 (1)二.填空题 (7)参考答案 (8)一. 单项填空1. a lot of rain in our hometown in summer.A. There isB. There hasC. We haveD. We has2. There a little milk in the bottle.A. isB. hasC. areD. have3. There is going to a class meetingthis afternoon.A. haveB. holdC. isD. be4. There a lot of traffic at this time of a day, so you’d better more careful.A. has, beB. have, beenC. is, beD. are, are5. There some water in the cup.A. isB. amC. areD. be6. there good news in today’s newspaper?A. IsB. AreC. WereD. Was7. How many people in your family?A. do you haveB. are thereC. you hadD. there are8. There an apple and ten bananas in the basket. You can take any of them.A. isB. areC. hasD. have9. How many teachers there in your school?A. isB. areC. haveD. has10. There isn't any bread on the table, ?A. is thereB. isn't thereC. has thereD. was there11. There an apple tree near the river.A. isB. amC. areD. be12. There a talk about American country music in our school tonight.A. will haveB. is going to haveC. is going to hasD. will be13. There anything new in today's newspaper.A. isn'tB. aren'tC. hasn'tD. haven't14. There sheep in the field.A. is smallB. are muchC. are a fewD. are a little15. There are in the field. They are eating grass.A. a horseB. much horseC. many horseD. many horses16. There is no rice in the bag, ?A. is itB. isn't itC. is thereD. isn't there17. There many trees here two years ago.A. wasB. isC. areD. were18. ---- ?---- There are five.A. How many boxes on the tableB. What are thoseC. What's thisD. How many boxes are there on the table19. on the table.A. The pen isB. There is the penC. Pen isD. There has a pen20. There a new bed and an old deskin the room.A. isB. areC. haveD. has21. There an important meeting tomorrow.A. will haveB. will beC. is going to haveD. is going to has22. many trees here three years ago.A. There isB. There wasC. There areD. There were23. There thousands of workers in that factory.A. amB. haveC. beD. are24. There alot more people in this room than in that one.A. isB. amC. haveD. are25. There a map between the two windows.A. isB. areC. will beD. was26. There a box of oranges in the room.A. isB. areC. haveD. has27. If there a “No Swimming” sign，don't get into water.A. areB. haveC. wereD. is28. There a lot of people over there. Do you know what has happened?A. areB. wasC. haveD. is29. There are a few differences between them, ?A. are thereB. are theyC. aren’t theyD.aren't there30. There something new in tomorrow’s newspaper.A. is going to haveB. is going to beC. are going to haveD. are going to be31. Beijing rainy. And there much wind, too.A. will have, will haveB. will be, will haveC. will be, will beD. will have, will be32. How many are there in your family?A. peoplesB. the peopleC. peopleD. some people33. The radio says a cold day in South China tomorrow.A. will beB. will haveC. will getD. there will be34. There is little water in the bottle, ?A. isn't thereB. is thereC. are thereD. is they35. There are few apples in the fridge，?A. are thereB. aren't thereC. aren't theyD. are they36. There is a teacher and students in the classroom.A. anyB. someC. theD. much37. ---- Is there egg in your bag?---- No, there is apple in my bag.A. a, aB. a, anC. an, aD. an, an38. There two bottles of milk on the table.A. isB. areC. haveD. be39. There are some on the beds.A. babyB. babysC. babiesD. babyies40. There are in the room.A. a man teacherB. some man teachersC. some men teachersD. some mans teachers41. How many students in your class?A. is thereB. are thereC. hasD. have42. ---- Is there a cat near the chair?---- Yes, .A. it isB. they areC. there isD. there are43. There some in the glass.A. is, milkB. are, milkC. is, milksD. are, milk44. There some food in the basket.A. haveB. hasC. isD. are45. Are there in the picture?A. a flowerB. some flowerC. some flowersD. any flowers46. ----What's in the box?---- some bottles of milk in it.A. There hasB. There haveC. There isD. There are47. There a meeting this afternoon.A. is going to haveB. will haveC. is going to beD. are going to be48. There's food in the fridge.A. notB. anyC. manyD. no49. There's going to be tomorrow.A. rainingB. rainC. rainsD. rainy50. Is there going to afootball match tomorrow?A. isB. haveC. beD. hold二. 用be 的适当形式填空1. There a book on the desk.2. There an orange and two apples on the table.3. There some bread in the paper bag.4. How many chairs there in your classroom?5. There two English books and a Chinese book in my bag.6. ---What's in the purse?---There some money.7. there any children in the room?8. There a strong wind tomorrow.9. There great changes in Harbin in the past ten years.10. There a sports meeting next Friday.【参考答案】一. 单项填空1~5. AADC A 6~10. ABABA11~15. ADACD 16~20. CDDAA21~25. BDDDA 26~30. ADADB31~35. CCDBA 36~40. BDBCC41~45. BCACD 46~50.DCDBC二. 用be 的适当形式填空1. is2. is3. is4. are5. are6. is7. Are8. will be9. have been10. is going to be/will be。
人教版初一英语句型转换解题方法、专项训练
人教版初中一年级英语重点句型转换解题方法、专项训练人教版初中一年级上册英语重点句型一、介词to系列-—这里to是表示方向、去向的介词，后接名词或代词作宾语。
若宾语是人称代词，则要用其宾格形式。
1. give sth to sb(=give sb sth) 当你想表达把某物给某人时，那就用它好了.give后接的是双宾语，指人的sb为间接宾语,指物的sth为直接宾语.如：Give her an apple，please.= Give an apple to her，please. 请给她一个苹果。
2. take sth / sb to 。
.。
此句型意为把...。
带到.。
.。
去，它强调的是带走或拿走（即远离说话人）.如：Take the book to the teachers room, please. 请把这本书带到老师的办公室去。
二、动词不定式to系列——这里的to虽然和上面的to一模一样，但它的身份不同:它是动词不定式的标志词，其后要接动词原形。
看看它在句中的表现吧：3. help sb (to）do sth （=help sb with sth）帮助别人也会给自己带来快乐。
帮助某人做某事通常锁定help sb （to) do sth.它后面的不定式符号to既可以保留，也可以省略,也可接介词with。
如: Bob helps me（to) learn English at school.（=Bob helps me with my English at school。
）在学校，鲍勃帮我学习英语。
4. like to do sth 每个人都有自己的爱好。
当你喜欢或想去做某件事时,一定要想到like to do sth。
如: We all like to watch football matches。
我们都喜欢看足球比赛。
5. ask sb to do sth 此句意为请某人去做某事。
句中的to do sth是指宾语sb所发出的动作,而不是指主语的动作.如: They ask us to have lunch. 他们请我们去吃午饭。
初中阶段最常见的 40 个句型
初中阶段最常见的40 个句型句型1：There+be +主语+地点状语/ 时间状语There's a boat in the river.河里有条船。
句型2：I think “我认为.…” 否定式I don't think...I think he is a good student.我认为他是个好学生。
I don't think any of them is interesting.我认为他们中任何一个都无趣。
句型3：too...to..… 太……而不能……He is too young to go to school.他太小了不能去学校。
句型4：It takes sb some time to do sth “干某事花了某人一段时间”，it是形式主语，后面的动词不定式（短语）才是真正的主语。
It takes him four hours to finish his homework.写作业花费了他四个小时。
句型5：Though...+主句Though I like writing to my pen-friend，it takes a lot of time.虽然我喜欢给笔友写信，但它要耗费我大量时间。
句型6：What about...?/How about...? “.…怎么样？”，about 为介词，其后须接名词、代词或V-ing 等形式What about another cake? 再吃块蛋糕好吗?How about going out for a walk? 出去散散步好吗?句型7：What's wrong with+sb. / sth. ?此句型相当于What's the matter/trouble with.后+某物作宾语时，意为“某物出什么毛病了?”后+某人作宾语时，意为“某人怎么了？”What's wrong with your watch?你的手表有什么毛病?句型8：How do you like...?How do you like China?你觉得中国怎么样?句型9：What do you like about...?What do you like about China?你喜欢中国的什么?句型10：How+adj. / adv. +主语+谓语!What a/ an+adj. +n. +主语+谓语!How cold it is today!今天多冷啊!What a fine picture it is!多美的一幅图画呀!句型11：had better(not)+动词原形You'd better ask that policeman over there.你最好去问问那边的那个警察。
初中英语语法基础 句子结构和类型专题讲解 (附同步练习题无答案)
初中英语语法基础句子结构与类型专题讲解一.句子的种类（一）根据结构划分：①简单句：（5种基本句型）S+Vi（主+谓）S+V系动词+ P (主+系+表)S+Vt+O（主+谓+宾）S+Vt+IO+DO（主+谓+间宾+直宾）S+Vt+O+OC（主+谓+宾+宾补）②并列句and, but, or, soThis is me and these are my friends.They must stay in water, or they will die.It’s not cheap, but it is very good.It was late, so I went to bed.③复合句：包含一个主句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句，从句由引导词或连词引导。
名词性从句（宾语，主语，表语，同位语）从句形容词性从句（定语从句）副词性从句（状语从句）（二）根据功能划分：陈述句, 祈使句, 感叹句，疑问句（一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反意疑问句等）1）陈述句：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。
例如：Light travels faster than sound.光比声传播速度快。
（说明事实）The film is rather boring.这部电影很乏味。
（说明看法）2）疑问句：提出问题。
有以下四种：a. 一般疑问句：Can you finish the work in time?b. 特殊疑问句：Where do you live?c. 选择疑问句：Do you want tea or coffee?d. 反意疑问句：He doesn't know her, does he?3）祈使句：提出请求，建议或发出命令。
Don't be nervous!Let’s go fishing tomorrow.4）感叹句：表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪。
What good news it is ! How beautiful the girl is !二.简单句的基本句型介绍：1. 基本句型一：Ｓ+Ｖi （主＋不及物动词）主语：可以作主语的成分有名词，主格代词，动词不定式，动名词等等。
人教版九年级英语上册 Unit2__语法句型专项练习(含答案)
Unit2 语法句型专项练习一、根据句意及所给汉语提示填写单词。
1. In the West, Halloween is a special ______（节日）.2. Li Ming, how do you_____（庆祝）the Spring Festival?3. Thank you for this nice_____（礼物）.4. They’ve done some_______（生意）together.5. Smith was set up in business by a______（亲戚）.二、选择方框中所给词组填空。
dress up, Thanksgiving Day, at the beginning of, get together1. Please help me ______ these test papers.2. My friend and I always _______ at Halloween.3. Why do Americans eat turkey on_____ ?4. I wish everybody good luck______ the year.三、按要求改写下列句子，每空一词。
1. We usually get together and have a big dinner on that day.（对画线部分提问）_______ _______ you usually______ on that day?2. I like Thanksgiving Day because I like the big family dinner.（对画线部分提问）_____ _______ you like Thanksgiving Day?3. My favourite festival is the Spring Festival.（对画线部分提问）______ is your ______ festival?4. There’re some books in the bag.（对画线部分提问）______ in the bag?四、根据所给汉语意思完成下列句子，每空一词。
初中英语句子地基本结构和类型讲解、练习
一．句子成分①句子一般由两个局部成：主局部〔subject group〕局部〔predicate group〕②句子成分〔 1〕 S --- subject主：句子的主体，全句述的象。
一般由名,主格代,不定式 ,名或从句担当,常置于句首。
I like football.The boy needs a pen.（2〕 V —— VerbINO=Indirect Object( 接 );DO=Direct Object( 直接 );：明主的作或状。
由担当。
常置于主后。
The train leaves at 6 o’ clock.I want a ticket.（3〕 O --- object ：表示 vt.的作象或 prep.所系的象。
由 n.或相当于 n.的担当。
置于 vt.或 prep.后。
He won the game.On the deskTome lost his life in the big fire.〔 4〕 P --- predicative表1、用以表述主的特色、状、身份等。
由n.或 adj.担当。
置于系以后。
He is a student.2、除了 be 系外，有一些也能够用作系，1)表感官的 : feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。
2) 表化的:become, get, grow, turn, go, 等3)表延的remain, keep, hold, stay, rest 等。
〔 5〕定：名或代起修、限制作用的、短或句子，中常用‘⋯⋯的’表示,往常位于被修的成分前。
The black bike is mine.明1：当定修不定代如： nothing , anything ,everything , something 等，定要放在后来作后置定我告他一些风趣的事情。
I tell him something interesting .2：不定式、短或从句作定，也放在被修的名以后。
七年级英语句型转换题
七年级英语句型转换题英语句型转换是提高语言运用能力和理解能力的重要训练方法之一。
在七年级的英语学习中，句型转换可以帮助学生更好地掌握英语语法规则，提高句子的表达能力，增加对不同语言结构的理解。
下面将详细介绍一些七年级英语句型转换题。
一、陈述句与一般疑问句转换1. 陈述句：He is a student.一般疑问句：Is he a student?2. 陈述句：She plays tennis every Sunday.一般疑问句：Does she play tennis every Sunday?3. 陈述句：They have lunch at 12:00.一般疑问句：Do they have lunch at 12:00?4. 陈述句：We live in London.一般疑问句：Do we live in London?5. 陈述句：You like chocolate ice cream.一般疑问句：Do you like chocolate ice cream?二、一般疑问句与陈述句转换1. 一般疑问句：Can she swim?陈述句：She can swim.2. 一般疑问句：Have they been to Beijing?陈述句：They have been to Beijing.3. 一般疑问句：Is it raining?陈述句：It is raining.4. 一般疑问句：Did he watch TV last night?陈述句：He watched TV last night.5. 一般疑问句：Do you like pizza?陈述句：You like pizza.三、陈述句与否定句转换1. 陈述句：She is a doctor.否定句：She is not a doctor.2. 陈述句：I can swim.否定句：I cannot swim.3. 陈述句：We visit our grandparents every summer.否定句：We do not visit our grandparents every summer.4. 陈述句：He likes playing basketball.否定句：He does not like playing basketball.5. 陈述句：They have finished their homework.否定句：They have not finished their homework.四、特殊疑问句与陈述句转换1. 特殊疑问句：What is your name?陈述句：My name is Tom.2. 特殊疑问句：When did you wake up this morning?陈述句：I woke up this morning.3. 特殊疑问句：Where is the nearest supermarket?陈述句：The nearest supermarket is here.4. 特殊疑问句：How many students are there in your class?陈述句：There are 30 students in my class.5. 特殊疑问句：Why did you go to the park yesterday?陈述句：I went to the park yesterday for a picnic.通过以上的例题，可以看出七年级英语句型转换题主要包括陈述句与一般疑问句的转换、一般疑问句与陈述句的转换、陈述句与否定句的转换以及特殊疑问句与陈述句的转换等。
初中英语五种基本句型练习
初中英语五种基本句型练习上主语，表示主语的动作或状态。
E.g：XXX.The cat is sleeping on the sofa.They have been waiting fortwo hours.XXX will be XXX.2----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3）、表语：说明主语的状态、性质、身份等。
一般用形容词、名词、代词等充当。
E.g：She is happy today。
He XXX.XXX.4）、宾语：接在及物动词后面，表示动作的承受者。
E.g：XXX.XXX XXX.5）、定语：修饰名词或代词，限定其范围或说明其性质。
E.g：The red car is mine。
The boy with glasses is my friend.She wore a beautiful dress to the party。
The book on thetable is XXX.6）、状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词等，表示时间、地点、方式、原因等。
E.g：He ran quickly to catch the bus。
They went to the park yesterday.XXX.3----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------总结：句子成分是构成句子的基本要素，包括主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等。
基本句型(单选题 30题 含解析)初中英语专题练习 (1)
基本句型（单选题 30题含解析）初中英语专题练习一、单选题1．The taxis in this city ________ in the same color. You can see them every day.A．are B．has C．is D．have2．Which of the following sentences has the same sentence structure as the sentence below?I saw a girl reading books in the next room.A．He always keeps silent at the meetingB．His mother gave him a nice present.C．She always helps me do my homeworkD．They have put up a factory in the village3．Which of the following is the same as “I saw him reading a book.” in pattern (结构)? A．You have a very nice sister. B．The news made me happy.C．They are good at math. D．He likes playing the piano.4．What is the sentence pattern of “I like travelling.”?A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+O+O D．S+V+O+OC 5．“Foreigners find paper cutting interesting.” This sentence is the same as _______ in structure. A．Paper cutting is a popular folk art in China.B．Paper cuttings add merry atmosphere to the festivals.C．Common designs include animals, flowers and figures cut.D．Masters always bring these designs alive.6．The sentence pattern of “I really love Gansu.” is ________.A．S+V B．S+V+P C．S+V+O D．S+V+IO+DO 7．Which part is the VERB of the following sentence “Tom rides his bike to school every day.”? A．“Tom”B．“rides”C．“his bike”D．“every day”8．Which of the following is the same as “I saw him reading a book” in pattern(结构)? A．You have a very nice sister. B．He likes playing the piano.C．They are good at math. D．We call her Ms Liu.9．The sentence structure of “We call Gaoyou the Stamp Town.” is ________.A．S+V+P B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+O 10．Which of the following sentences has the same structure as “Eddie is watching Hobo work.”? A．Actors are playing different roles on the stage.B．Volunteers often offer children help in poor areas.C．Lucy picked up her sister at the airport the other day.D．I advise him to develop a good habit of going to bed early.11．The shop __________ until 9 o’clock p.m.A．stays opened B．continues openedC．stays open D．continues open12．What is the sentence pattern of “We all love China.”?A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC13．The sentence pattern of “I want to leave.” is ________.A．S+V+P B．S+V C．S+V+O D．S+V+O+O.C 14．The sentence pattern of “William bought a beautiful tie yesterday because it is his father’s birthday today.” is ________ .A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 15．What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “We must keep our classroom clean.”?A．S+V+O+OC B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+O16．What is the sentence pattern (句型) of the sentence “Linda bought a book yesterday.”?A．S＋V B．S＋V＋O C．S＋V＋IO＋DO D．S＋V＋O＋OC17．I am going to paint the wall blue.A．宾补B．状语C．宾语D．表语18．What is the sentence pattern of "I love English. "?A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 19．Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure from the other three? A．Children fly kites happily in spring.B．I like eating ice cream in summer.C．Farmers harvest crops in autumn.D．Everything looks beautiful with snow.20．Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure?A．The news sounds terrible to us all.B．No one knew the true history of the vase.C．Millie felt sick after a long bus journey.D．Summer days are getting longer and longer.21．Which part is the VERB of the following sentence “The new method makes our job easy.”?A．“The new method”B．“makes”C．“our job”D．“easy”22．By the time I got to the airport, the plane had already taken off .A．定语B．状语C．谓语D．宾补23．The song from Teens in Times sounds really _______. I like it very much. A．beautifully B．well C．wonderful D．excited 24．Which is the sentence pattern of “I give him a book”?A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+O+OC D．S+V+IO+DO 25．The sentence pattern of “Li Ming gave me a gift.” is ________.A．S+V+C B．S+V+P C．S+V +IO+ DO D．S+V +DO+ OC 26．What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “ She showed her friends all her pictures.” ? A．S+V+O B．S+V C．S+V+O+OC D．S+V+IO+DO 27．This company________ since five years ago.A．opened B．has opene C．has been open D．has been opened 28．The structure of the sentence “Mr. Green finds the art work very valuable.” is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+IO+DO 29．Chinese medicine is becoming more and more popular in the world.A．谓语B．表语C．定语D．主语30．The tall man standing at the school gate is our head teacher.A．定语B．真正主语C．主语D．形式主语【参考答案】一、单选题1．A【详解】句意:这个城市的出租车都是一样的颜色.你每天都能看到它们.考查主谓一致.分析句子结构可知,此处是主系表的结构,空处缺be动词,排除B和D选项.主语taxis是复数形式,be动词用are,故选A.2．C【详解】找和I saw a girl reading books in the next room.相同的结构的句子.I saw a girl reading books in the next room主语+谓语+宾语+宾补;He always keeps silent at the meeting主系表结构;His mother gave him a nice present主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语;She always helps me do my homework主语+谓语+宾语+宾补;They have put up a factory in the village主谓宾结构;故选C.3．B【详解】句意:下面哪个选项在结构上和“我看见他在读一本书”是一样的?考查句子结构.You have a very nice sister你有一个很好的姐姐,“主+谓+宾”结构;The news made me happy这消息使我高兴,是“主+谓+宾+宾补”结构;They are good at math他们擅长数学,“主+系+表”结构;He likes playing the piano他喜欢弹钢琴,“主+谓+宾”结构.题干“I saw him reading a book”表示“我看见他在读一本书”,属于“主+谓+宾+宾补”结构,与选项B结构一致.故选B.4．B【详解】句意:“我喜欢旅游”是什么句子结构?考查句子结构.“I like travelling.”人称代词I主格,充当句子的主语.like是实义动词,充当谓语.traveling动名词形式,充当like的宾语.故选B.5．D【详解】句意:“外国人觉得剪纸很有趣.”这句话的意思和“大师总是使这些设计栩栩如生”结构一样.考查句子结构.“Foreigners find paper cutting interesting.”的句子结构是“主+谓+宾+宾补”,选项A是“主+系+表”;选项B是“主+谓+双宾语”;选项C是“主+谓+宾”;选项D是“主+谓+宾+宾补”.故选D.6．C【详解】句意:“我真的很爱甘肃.”这句话的句子结构是主谓宾结构.考查句子成分.I我,是主语(Subject,缩写S);love爱,是谓语动词(Verb,缩写V);Gansu甘肃,是句子的宾语(Object,缩写O),所以此句的结构为S+V+O.故选C.7．B【详解】句意:句子“汤姆每天骑自行车去上学”的动词是哪一部分?在原句"Tom rides his bike to school every day."中,Tom是主语,rides是谓语,his bike是宾语,to school是动词不定式表目的作状语,every day是时间状语.故答案选B.8．D【详解】句意:下面哪个和I saw him reading a book一样的结构?这个结构是:主语+谓语+宾语+宾补,只有D是这个结构,故选D9．C【详解】句意:“We call Gaoyou the Stamp Town.”这个句子的结构是主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补足语.考查基本句型.We 是主语S,call是谓语动词V;Gaoyou是直接宾语DO;the Stamp Town.是宾语补足语OC.故选C.10．D【详解】句意:下列哪个句子与“Eddie is watching Hobo work.”结构相同?考查句子结构.选项A的句子结构是“主+谓+宾”;选项B的句子结构是“主+谓+间宾+直宾”;选项C的句子结构是“主+谓+宾”;选项D的句子结构是“主+谓+宾+宾补”;“Eddie is watching Hobo work.”的句子结构是“主+谓+宾+宾补”,故选D.11．C【详解】试题分析:句意:商店一直开门到下午九点.continue表示从说话的这个点开始往后的时间段里持续,stay表示停住停留的状态,虽然也是持续,前一词是动态的,这个词是静态的..stays open意思是保持开放,所以选C.考点:考查动词.12．B【详解】句意:“我们都爱中国”的句型是什么?考查基本句型.S+V主+谓;S+V+O 主+谓+宾;S+V+P主+系+表; S+V+O+OC主+谓+宾+宾补.根据“We all love China”可知,主语为We;谓语为love;宾语为China.故本句为主谓宾结构.故选B.13．C【详解】句意:“I want to leave.”的句型是主语+谓语+宾语.考查基本句型.分析“I want to leave.”可知,主语为I,谓语是want;to leave作宾语,因此句子类型为:主语+谓语+宾语.故选C.14．A【详解】句意:“威廉昨天买了一条漂亮的领带,因为今天是他爸爸的生日.”是“主谓宾”结构.考查句子结构.这是一个because引导的原因状语从句,主句“William bought a beautiful tie yesterday”中,William是主语,bought是谓语;a beautiful tie是宾语,故选A.15．A【详解】句意:“We must keep our classroom clean.”是什么句子结构模式?考查句子成分结构.We是主语,谓语动词是keep,宾语是our classroom,宾语补足语是clean,是主谓宾宾补结构.故选A.16．B【详解】句意:“Linda bought a book yesterday.”这句话的句型是什么?考查句子成分.在此句中,Linda是主语,bought是谓语,a book是宾语,yesterday是时间状语,符合“主语＋谓语＋宾语”句子结构.故选B.17．A【详解】句意:我打算把墙涂成蓝色.考查句子结构.该句结构为“主+谓+宾+宾补”,I是主语,be going to paint是谓语,the wall是宾语,blue是宾语补足语,故选A.18．B【详解】句意“I love English这句话句子结构是什么”.A.主语+谓语;B.主语+谓语+宾语;C.主语+系动词+表语;D.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补.I love English中主语为I,love为谓语,English为宾语,是“主谓宾”结构,即S+V+O,故选B.19．D【详解】句意:下列哪个句子的句子结构与其他三项不同?考查句子结构.Children fly kites happily in spring(孩子们在春天快乐地放风筝.)Children为主语;fly为谓语动词,kites为宾语,happily为状语;I like eating ice cream in summer(我喜欢在夏天吃冰淇淋.)I为主语;like为谓语动词;eating ice cream为宾语;in summer为状语;Farmers harvest crops in autumn(农民在秋天收割庄稼.)Farmers为主语;harvest为谓语动词;crops为宾语;in autumn为状语;Everything looks beautiful with snow(下雪后一切看起来都很美.)Everything为主语;looks为系动词;beautiful为表语;with snow为状语.结合选项可知,A、B、C三项都是主谓宾状结构,D项为主系表状结构,与其他三项不同.故选D.20．B【详解】句意:以下哪个句子的句子结构不同?考查句子结构.The news sounds terrible to us all.(这消息听起来很可怕.)主语是The news;sounds为系动词;terrible为表语;No one knew the true history of the vase.(没有人知道这个花瓶的真实历史.)No one为主语;knew为谓语动词;the true history of the vase为宾语;Millie felt sick after a long bus journey.(长途汽车旅行后,米莉感到不舒服.)Millie为主语;felt为系动词;terrible为表语;Summer days are getting longer and longer.(夏天的日子越来越长了.)主语是Summer days;are getting为系动词;longer and longer为表语.结合选项可知, B项与其他选项不同.故选B.21．B【详解】句意:“The new method makes our job easy.”这句话的动词是下列哪个?考查句子成分.分析句子可知,The new method作主语;makes作谓语,动词;our job作宾语;easy 作宾语补足语.故选B.22．C【详解】句意:我到机场时,飞机早已经起飞了.考查句子结构.该句结构为“主+谓”,the plane是主语,had already taken off是谓语,故选C. 23．C【详解】句意:《少年时代》里的这首歌听起来真的很棒.我非常喜欢它.考查形容词用法.beautifully漂亮地,副词;well好的,副词;wonderful极好的,棒的,形容词;excited兴奋的,形容词,一般形容人.根据空前sounds可知,此处应该用形容词作表语,排除选项A和B;根据句子主语是“The song”可知,此处用形容词wonderful.故选C.24．D【详解】本题问的是“I give him a book”的句子结构.I是主语;give是谓语;him是间接宾语;a book是直接宾语.因此该句子属于:S+V+IO+DO结构.故选D.说明:(S主语;V谓语;O宾语;P 表语;DO直接宾语;IO间接宾语;OC宾语补足语.)25．C【详解】句意:“李明送我礼物”的句型是:主+谓+间宾+直宾.考查基本句型.S+V+O主+谓+宾;S+V+P主+系+表;S+V +IO+ DO主+谓+间宾+直宾;S+V +DO+ OC主+谓+宾+宾补;题干所给的句子中Li Ming作主语;gave作谓语;me作间接宾语;a gift作直接宾语;故选C.26．D【详解】句意:“ She showed her friends all her pictures.”这个句子的句型是什么?考查句型结构.S+V+O主+谓+宾;S+V主+谓;S+V+O+OC主+谓+宾+宾补;S+V+IO+DO主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语.She是主语,showed 是谓语,her friends间接宾语,all her pictures是直接宾语.所以“She showed her friends all her pictures.”属于S+V+IO+DO句型,故选D.27．C【详解】试题分析:句意为:这家公司5年前就已经开业了.本题考查的是从过去开始,一直延续到现在,甚至仍将继续延续下去的动作或状态,应用现在完成时.由于open在英语中是短暂性动词,不可延续,但是其形容词形式表示状态,可以延续.故选C.考点:考查现在完成时的用法.28．C【详解】句意:“Mr. Green finds the art work very valuable”这句话的结构是 .考查句子结构. S+V主+谓;S+V+O主+谓+宾;S+V+DO+OC主+谓+宾+宾补;S+V+IO+DO主+谓+间宾+直宾.根据“Mr. Green finds the art work very valuable格林先生认为这件艺术品很有价值”,可知Mr. Green是主语,finds动词做谓语,the art work名词短语做宾语,very valuable对宾语(the art work)进行补充说明,本句是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,故选C.29．B【详解】句意:中医在世界上越来越流行.考查句子成分.句中的becoming表示“变得”,属于系动词,所以此句是主系表结构,划线部分是表语,故选B.30．C【详解】句意:站在校门口的那位高个儿男子是我们的班主任.考查句子成分.本句基本句型为:主语+系动词+表语,其中,“is”是系动词,“our head teacher”是表语,“The tall man”是主语,而“standing at the school gate”是现在分词短语作后置定语,对前面的主语进行修饰限定.故选C.。
初中英语 八年级上册 重点句型(针对训练)
2018-2019学年八年级上学期期末考试备考满分冲刺专题一、单项选择。
1. —What do you think of the newspaper TEENS?—Good indeed. It __________ many news stories around the world.A. talksB. coversC. writesD. says【答案】B【解析】句意：你觉得《青年报》怎么样？——的确不错，它涵盖了世界各地的许多新闻报道。
A. talks交谈；B. covers包括，涉及，报道；C. writes写；D. says说。
结合句意可知，是指报纸所涵盖的内容，故答案为B。
2. —__________ does a baby tiger weigh when it is born?—It might be hard to believe. A new-born baby tiger weighs no more than 1 kilogram.A. WhatB. How muchC. How manyD. How heavy【答案】B点睛：how much的用法（1）用来询问事物的数量，后接不可数名词。
例如：How much milk is there in the glass? 玻璃杯里有多少牛奶？（2）用来询问事物的重量。
例如：—How much does the pig weigh?这头猪多重？—Eighty kilos.八十公斤。
（3）how much 意为＂多少钱＂时，可单独使用，也可构成词组how much money，但英语中常省略money，用来询问某物的价钱、价格。
—How much is the eraser?这块橡皮擦多少钱？—Ninety two fen.九角二分。
（4）用来询问数字计算的结果，相当于what。
例如：—How much is three plus one?三加一等于多少？—It’s four.等于四。
英语基本句型翻译练习
一、英语基本句型句式1：主谓结构（主语+不及物动词）★此句型常用不及物动词或相当于不及物动词的动词短语做谓语。
如：He laughed. 他笑了。
Spring is coming. 春天快来了。
★注意：该句型的谓语由于是不及物动词，所以是没有被动语态的。
如，事故发生在那个街角。
应该是：The accident happened at that street corner.不可以：The accident was happened at that street corner.过去30年中国发生了巨大的变化。
可以说：Great changes have taken place in the past 30 years in China.不可以：Great changes have been taken place in the past 30 years in China.★翻译下列句子:1. 经理还没来。
_____________________________________________.2. 汽车突然停下了。
________________________________________________3. 20**年战争爆发了。
__________________________________________________.4. 你应该努力学习。
_____________________________________________________5. 她昨天回家很晚。
______________________________________________________.6. 那天早上我们谈了很多。
___________________________________________________7. 会议将持续两个小时。
_____________________________________________________8. 在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。
初中英语句子成分的划分及练习
初中英语句子成分的划分及练习种谓语动词叫做系动词，常见的有be动词（am。
is。
are。
was。
were等）和感官动词（look。
sound。
feel等）。
Ｓ│Ｖ│Ｐ（系动词）1.She│is beautiful.她很漂亮。
2.He│looks XXX.他看起来很疲倦。
3.XXX flowers│XXX.花儿散发着甜香。
4.XXX XXX.蛋糕味道很好。
5.The room│feels cold.房间感觉很冷。
6.The book│seems interesting.这本书似乎很有趣。
7.The music│sounds soothing.音乐听起来很舒缓。
8.The sky│remains blue.天空依旧是蓝色的。
基本句型三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）此句型的句子除了主语和谓语，还有一个宾语。
宾语可以是名词、代词、动词不定式等，一般在谓语动词后面。
及物动词（vt.）需要宾语来补充完整的意思。
Ｓ│Ｖ│Ｏ（及物动词）1.I│love you.我爱你。
2.XXX.她买了一件新裙子。
3.They│planted some XXX.他们种了一些树。
4.XXX.他写了一封信。
5.W e│ate pizza for XXX.我们晚餐吃了披萨。
6.She│gave me a book.她给了我一本书。
7.They│built a house last year.他们去年建了一座房子。
8.XXX│taught us English.老师教我们英语。
基本句型四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）此句型的句子除了主语、谓语和直接宾语，还有一个间接宾语。
间接宾语一般是人，直接宾语可以是物品、人或抽象概念，一般在间接宾语前面。
有些及物动词需要同时有直接宾语和间接宾语才能表达完整的意思。
Ｓ│Ｖ│Ｏ│Ｏ（及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语）1.She│bought me a gift.她给我买了一份礼物。
2.They│sent him a postcard.他们给他寄了一张明信片。
英语初中英语特殊句式练习题及解析
16．—I have never visited a paper factory. —_____
A．So have I. B．So I have. C．Neither have I. D．I haven’t no
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：我从未参观过一家造纸厂。我也没有过。根据表示“也”的单词为“so或者neither”，结合上文为否定情况，因此使用neither，同时，neither放在句首后面成分应该倒装；根据句意及结构，故选C。
考点：考查句型结构。
4．—Daviod’s made great progress recently.
A．So is he B．So he is
C．So has he D．So he has
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：最近大卫取得了巨大的进步。确实如此，他一直努力工作了几个月了。so +主语+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语：某某确实如此，与上文是同一人。So+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语：某某也如此，与上文不是同一人。上文是否定句，下文表示某某也不，用neither +助动词+主语。这些句式在时态上与前一个句子相同。根据上句是现在完成时态，故选D。
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：她昨晚熬夜了。她现在几乎不能做更多的工作。------我也不能。我太累了。so＋助动词＋主语”这一结构主要用来说明前面所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物，意为“……也一样”。但是如果前面所述情况为否定式，则用neither/ nor＋助动词＋主语，表示后面的人或物和前面的情况一样。“so＋主语＋助动词”结构则主要用于加强语气，其意为“的确如此、确实如此”，表示后者赞同前者的话或意见，只是进一步强调并重复前句所述的内容。前后句的主语指的是同一个人或物。如果前面所述情况为否定式，则用neither/ nor＋主语＋助动词。结合句意可知选C。
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常见句型讲析
• 句型(一) • such+名词性词组+that… so+形容词/副词+that…如此……以致…… • 例如：(1)She is such a good teacher that we all love her.她是一个好老师，我们都爱她。 • (2)It was such a hot day that they didn’t go out for a walk as usual.这么热的天气，他们没有像往常一样 去散步。 • 注意点： • 1.such+a+形容词+名词+that…，可以改写成：so+ 形容词+a+名词+that…，例句(1)可以改写成：She is so good a teacher that we all love her. • 2.在such+形容词+名词复数或不可数名词+that…结 构中，形容词如果是many/few或much/little时，用so不 用such，即：so+many/few+可数名词复数+that…， so+much/little+不可数名词+that… • (1)There are so many people in the room that I can’t get in.房间里人太多，我进不去。 • (2)The man has so much money that he can buy a car.那人很有钱，他能买一辆小汽车。
• 句型(五) • so that …——以便/以致…… • 例如：(1)They studied hard so that they could pass the exam.他们学习很努力，为了能 通过考试。 • (2)They started early so that they caught the early bus.他们起得很早，结果赶上了早班 车。 • 注意点： • 在例句(1)中,是引导目的状语；在例句(2)中， 是引导结果状语。一般来讲，从句中含有情态动 词的，为目的状语。无情态动词的，为结果状语。
• 句型(八)
• •
(1)It takes sb. Some time to do sth.干某事花某人一些时间 (2)sb. spend some time on sth./(in) doing sth.某人花时间在某事上/花 时间干某事 • (3)spend some money on sth./(in) doing sth.花钱在某物上/花钱干某 事 • (4)sth. cost sb. Some money——某事花某人一些钱 • (5)pay some money for sth.为某事(物)付钱 • 例如：(1)It took me two hours to write the letter.写这封
• 句型(二)
• • • • • • • • • There be…，either…or…，neither…nor…，not only…but also… 例如：(1)There is a pen and two pencils in his pencil-box.他的铅笔盒里有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。 (2)Not only you but also I have been to the Great Wall.你和我都没有去过长城。 (3)Either you or I am leaving for Shanghai.要么你 去上海，要么我去上海。 (4)Neither you nor he is right.你和他都不对。 (5)Both Jack and Tim are English. Jack和Tim是英国人。 注意点： 当这几个句型连接主语时，谓语动词的人称和数要考 虑“就近原则”，对比both…and… 来记忆，both… and…连接主语时视为复数。
•
句型(三)
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enough+名词+to do… 有足够的……做某事
•
形容词/副词+ enough + to do …足够……做某事
• • • •
• • • • • •
例如：(1)There is enough room to hold these people to have a meeting.有足够的地方容下这些人开会。 (2)The boy is strong enough to carry the heavy box.这个男孩力气够 大，能搬动这只箱子。 注意点： enough做副词修饰形容词或副词时，放在所修饰词的后面，句子可以用 so…that…句型改写。例句(2)可以改写为：The boy is so strong that he can carry the heavy box.这个男孩力气很大，能搬动这只箱子。 句型(四) too+形容词/副词+to do… 太……以致不能…… 例如：(1)I was too excited to say a word.我激动得一个字也说不出来。 (2)Tom is too short to reach the apple. Tom太矮了，拿不到那个苹果。 注意点： 这是一个否定句型，不能在不定式前加 not，可以用so…that…结构改 写，例如例句(1)可以改写成：I was so excited that I couldn’t say a word.
• 句型(十二) • I don’t think his answer is right.我认为他 的答案不对。 • 例如：(1)I can’t believe she is right.我相 信她是不对的。 • (2)You don’t think they will come tomorrow, do you?你认为他们明天不会来，是 吗？ • 注意点：Think、believe、suppose 等接 宾语从句时，表示否定时否定主句。变为反意疑 问句时，若主语是第一人称，简短问句与宾语从 句的主谓语保持一致， 若主句主语是其他人称， 与主句主谓语保持一致。例(1)变为反意疑问句 应为：I can’t believe she is right, is she?
• 句型(十一) • • • • • • • • so + be/助动词/情态动词+主语 也…… neither/nor + be/助动词/情态动词+主语 也 不…… 例如：(1)He can sing a lot of English songs, so can she.他会唱很多英语歌曲，她也是。 (2)She speaks English very well, so do I.她英 语说得好，我也是。 (3)Li Lei hasn’t read this book, neither has Lin Feng.李蕾没看过这本书，林风也没看过。 注意点：这两个句型都表示和前面所陈述的内容 相同，用倒装句。要注意和 “so+主语+be/助动词/情 态动词——确实是”相区别，试对比一下例(2)： A：She speaks English very well.她英语说得 很好。 B：So she does.确实是这样。
• 句型(十) • (1)Let’s go out for a walk, shall we?让 我们出去散步，好吗？ • (2)Read the book carefully, will you?认 真读书，好吗？ • 注意点： • 在这两个句型中，(2)所代表的祈使句，一 般用will you构成反意疑问句。在(1)中Let’s表 示包括“我”在内，用shall we，但若是let us，表示不包括“我”在内，则用will you。 • 例如：Let us go out for a walk, will you? 你让我们出去散散步，好吗？
• 句型(七) • It’s time for sth.是干某事的时间了。 • It’s time (for sb.) to do sth.该干某事了。 • It’s time that sb. did sth.该干某事了。 • 例如：(1) It’s time for the meeting.该开会了。 • (2)It’s time for us to go to school.我们该上学了。 • (3)It’s time that you went to bed.你该上床休息 了。 • 注意点： • 在句型(3)中，可以在time前加rush、 high等修饰 词，这个句型是虚拟语气的一种，含有“稍迟一点”的 含义。而(2)则是“正是干某事的时候”。
• 句型(九) • (1)Why not do…?为什么不干某事？ • (2)Let’s do …让我们干某事吧。 • (3)Shall we do …?我们干某事好吗？ • (4)Would you like something/to do sth.…?你想要什么吗？ 你想要干…吗？ • (5)Will you please do …?请你干某事好吗？ • (6)What (How) about doing…?干某事怎么样？ • 例如：(1)Why not go and ask our teacher? Good idea! Let’s go.为什么不去问问老师？好主意！走吧！ • (2)Shall we go out for a walk? No, let’s go to the zoo.我 们去散步怎么样？不，我们去动物园吧。 • (3)Will you please fetch some chalks for me?请你给我 拿些粉笔，好吗？ • (4)What about singing an English song? Wonderful!唱 首英语歌曲怎么样？好极了！ • 注意点：这些句型都是表示“建议”的句子，可视为同义句。
•
•
• •
• •
信花了我两小时的时间。 (2)He spends half an hour (in) reading English every morning.他每天早上花半小时读英语。 (3)He spends one hour on the housework every day.他 每天花一小时做家务。 (4)The bike cost me 298 yuan.这辆自行车花了我298元。 (5)I spent 298 yuan on the bike.我买这辆自行车花了298 元。 (6)I paid 298 yuan for the bike.我花了298元买这辆自行车。 注意点：cost主语一般为物；spend、pay主语一般为人。 例(1)中it 用做形式主语，动词不定式为真正主语。