高考英语语法专项突破训练专题19-主谓一致
最全的高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习 (精华版)
最全的高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习 (精华版)一、主谓一致的概念主谓一致是指“主语和谓语动词”之间的一致性，即主语的人称和单复数形式决定着谓语动词的形式。
在英语语法中，主谓一致是一个非常重要的原则，它确保了句子结构正确和表达清晰。
主谓一致可以分为语法一致和意义一致两种原则。
二、主谓一致的种类1. 语法一致（1）当主语由两个或两个以上的单数名词或者代词组成时，谓语动词的形式取决于指代的是否为不同的人或事物。
如果是不同的人或事物，谓语动词用复数形式；如果指代的是同一个人或事物或者同一概念，谓语动词用单数形式。
（2）当主语是不定式、动词ing形式或主语从句时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
（3）在定语从句中，关系代词who、which、that作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。
（4）使用连接词with、along with、together with、as well as、besides、like、without、except、but等连接的主语，谓语动词的数要与主语的数保持一致。
（5）主语为不定代词all、more、some、any、none时，谓语动词的形式视具体情况而定。
（6）主语为the rest of、half of、part of、majority of、percent of、one third of等加名词时，谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致。
（7）集合名词作主语时，动词可用单数或复数，主要由句子的意思决定。
强调整体时，谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时，动词用复数。
常见的集合名词有public、family、class、crowd、population、team、group等。
（8）某些名词如people、police、cattle等，形式上是单数，但意义上是复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。
但people指“民族”时是例外。
2. 意义一致原则指主谓一致取决于主语的其实际意义。
有的主语名词在形式上是单数，但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名词在形式上是复数，但在意义上却是单数。
高考英语语法之主谓一致的用法总结
高考英语语法之主谓一致的用法总结主谓一致是指主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
它是英语语法中的重要内容，正确使用主谓一致有助于提高语言表达的准确性和流畅性。
下面是主谓一致的用法总结。
1.单数主语搭配单数谓语：- 例如：He runs every morning.- 主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即动词加“-s”或者“-es”。
2.复数主语搭配复数谓语：- 例如：They run every morning.- 主语为复数时，谓语动词不加“-s”或者“-es”。
3.并列主语搭配复数谓语：- 例如：Tom and Jerry are good friends.- 并列主语由连词“and”连接时，谓语动词用复数形式。
4.具体时间表达式中的单数主语搭配复数谓语：- 例如：Three days is enough.-具体时间表达式中的单数主语搭配复数谓语，常以复数形式表示。
5.集体名词的单数形式搭配单数谓语，但根据语境决定单复数：6. 由"one of + 复数名词"引导的主语，谓语动词用复数形式：- 例如：One of the students have won scholarships. (学生中有人获得了奖学金。
）- 此处的one of the students表示“其中一位学生”，主语为复数，谓语动词用复数形式。
7.有些名词既可以作单数，又可以作复数，谓语动词根据意思决定单复数形式：- 例如：The news is interesting. (这个新闻很有趣。
）- 例如：The news are good. (这些消息很好。
）- 此处的news是一个例子，作为可数名词时，可以看作单数或复数，谓语动词根据意思决定单复数形式。
8. 在there be句型中- 例如：There is a cat on the table. (桌子上有一只猫。
）- 例如：There are two cats on the table. (桌子上有两只猫。
高考英语语法：主谓一致
高考英语语法：主谓一致主谓一致是指句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上必须保持一致。
主谓一致一般遵循三个原则：语法一致(或叫形式一致)，意义一致或就近一致①.语法一致: 主谓在语法形式上一致, 即主语是单数形式, 谓语用单数, 主语是复数形式, 谓语用复数②.意义一致: 根据主语的内在涵义的单复数确定谓语的单复数③.就近一致: 一个句子中有两个或两个以上的主语,谓语和靠近它的那个主语保持人称和数的一致分述1.当主语是不定代词somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody, everything, nothing, something, anything等时, 谓语动词用第三人称单数a. Somebody is waiting for you outside.b. Nobody knows the answer.有些不定代词作主语时, 据意义确定谓语动词的单复数. 若不定代词所指为单数意义, 谓语用单数; 若不定代词所指为复数意义, 谓语用复数. 这类词有: all, some, any, more, most, half 等a. All are happy to hear the news.b. All that has to be done has been done.c. Most of the surface of the earth is covered by water.d. Half of the wood has been carried away.2.集体名词如: family, class, army, enemy,government, group, team等作主语时, 如果将其看作一个整体, 则谓语动词用单数, 若看成其中的成员(个体), 则谓语动词用复数a. My family is a happy one. / All my family are music lovers.b. Our class is the best in our school. / The whole class are having a discussion about the problem.集体名词people, cattle, police, youth等作主语时, 谓语动词常用复数a. The police are looking for the thief.b. Cattle are not allowed to graze here.3.代词none和neither作主语时, 谓语动词根据说话人的意思用单数或复数. 当说话人着眼于任何一个都不时, 谓语动词用单数; 当说话人着眼于全都不时, 谓语动词用复数a. None of them has a car. ( 他们没有一个人有汽车)b. None of them have a car. ( 他们都没有汽车)c. None of them knows the answer. ( 他们两个谁也不知道答案)d. None of them know the answer. ( 他们两个都不知道答案)4.bothand连接两个主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数. eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, notbut 连接两个主语时, 采取就近原则, 即谓语动词和靠近它的那个主语保持一致a. Both Tom and Jerry were late for school that day.b. Either you or he has dropped waste paper in the street.c. Neither he nor I have forgotten for pay for the drinks.5.在There be和Here be结构中, 句子的主语在be之后, 如果主语不止一个, 那么谓语动词be与邻近的主语一致a. There is a desk, a table, three chairs in the room.b. There are three chairs, a desk and a table in the room.c. Here are two letters and a magazine for you.6.如果主语后面跟有with, together with, along with, as well as, but, except, besi des, including, like, rather than, no less than, in addition to(除外)等引导的短语时, 谓语动词的形式只与主语有关, 而与其后的短语无关a. The teacher with three student s was in the classroom then.b. This book, as well as the other two books, is borrowed from our school library.c. None but Jim and Mike knows my secret.d. Seven people, including a policeman, were killed.7.表示时间, 长度, 距离, 金额, 价值, 重量, 容量等的复数名词作主语时, 通常作整体看待, 即表示总量或总和, 谓语动词用单数. 若把它们看作一个个的个体, 即强调其具体数量时, 谓语动词用复数形式a. Twenty years is a long time to us.b. Two hundred miles is not a long distance.c. Ten thousand US dollars is a lot of money.d. There are ten minutes left.8.在四则运算中, 谓语动词用单复数均可, 但单数形式更为多用a. Two and ten is / are twelve.b. Three times five is / are fifteen.9.动名词或动词不定式作主语时, 谓语动词用单数a. Smoking / To smoke is a bad habit.b. Carving animal bones is not an easy job.10.主语从句作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数. 但若主语从句所指的具体内容为复数意义时, 谓语动词用复数a. What we need is more time.b. What we need are more doctors.11.以-s结尾的专有名词作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数, 这类专有名词如: General Motors(通用汽车公司), the United Nations(联合国), the United States, the New York Times(纽约时报)等.a. The New York Times is published daily.b. The Arabian Nights is a popular reading among the young people.表示群岛, 山脉, 瀑布的专有名词作主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数, 如:the Andes(安第斯山脉), the Alps(阿尔卑斯山脉), the West Indies(西印度群岛), the Niagara Falls(尼加拉大瀑布)12.有些形式为复数, 而意义为单数的名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 这类名词如: news, works(工厂), politics(政治), physics(物理), mathematics(数学 )等13.以-s或-es结尾, 由对称的两部分构成的物体作主语时, 谓语动词用复数. 这类物体如: trousers, glasses, jeans(牛仔裤), scissors(剪刀), shades(太阳镜)等. 如果这类名词前用了pair, 则谓语动词的数取决于pair的数a. Here is a pair of glasses for you.b. There are three pairs of jeans in the bag.14. 分数或百分数+ of + 名词作主语时, 谓语动词视名词的可数与否采用单数或复数a. Over three quarters of the city was destroyed in the war.b. 35 percent of the do ctors are women.c. Thirty percent of the workers are out of work now.d. One third of the water has been wasted.15.用and连接两个或两个以上的单数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用复数. 如果and连接的两个名词指的是同一人、事、物或概念( 如: a knife and f ork一副刀叉, the bread and butter奶油面包, my house and home我的家)时, 则谓语动词用单数a. Many books and a pen are on the desk.b. The pianist and composer (钢琴家兼作曲家) has come to this small town.16. the + adj.表示一类人或事物作主语时, 谓语动词用复数. the +adj.若表示抽象概念或品质, 则谓语用单数a. The old in the city are taken good care of.b. The beautiful gives pleasure to all of us.美给我们以快乐17.more than one和many a + 单数名词作主语时, 谓语用单数a. Many a student has won the prize.很多学生获了奖b. More than one person has made the same mistake.不止一人犯了同样的错误。
高中英语语法专题主谓一致与常见短语
高中英语语法专题主谓一致与常见短语主谓一致“一致”是指句子成分之间或词语之间在性、数等方面应保持一致.主谓一致”是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称、性、数上保持一致,如何学好英语?小编在这里整理了相关资料，快来学习学习吧!高中英语语法专题主谓一致一. 就近原则：在not only…but also, not…but , neither…nor , either…or , there be… 句型中，谓语动词由相邻的主语来确定。
例： 1.Not only they but also I am going to collect money for the Hope Project.2.Either you or Jack is about to take the place of the manager.二. 集合名词做主语，指成员时，谓语用复数;指团体，组织时，谓语用单数：如：class , team, group, family, audience(听众), government, company, crowd, public, enemy, committee(委员会) 等。
例：1.The class are busy working on the exercises at the moment .2.The team was an excellent one in the 25th Olympic Games .三. 当两个名词用 with, together with, as well as, rather than, more than, but, except, besides, along with, including, like 等连接起来做主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
例： 1.Jackie, with his parents, intends to set out for Europe on business next week.2.The son, rather than his parents, is responsible for the fire accident.(对火灾事故负责的是儿子而不是父母)四. 当 each, neither, either 以及由 every, any, no, some 与 one, body, thing 构成的不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。
（完整版）高考英语专题复习主谓一致（附答案）.doc
（完整版）高考英语专题复习主谓一致（附答案）.doc高考英语专题复习主谓一致（附答案）I.考点分析一、概述主谓一致是指句子成分之间或词语之间在人称、性、数等方面的一致关系。
处理主谓一致一般应遵循以下三条原则：1.语法一致，即在语法形式上取得一致。
例如，主语为单数形式，谓语动词也为单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也采取复数形式。
a. The number of errors was surprising.b. Julia and her twin sister naturally look a lot alike.2.意义一致，即从意义着眼处理一致关系。
a. The crowd were fighting for their lives. (单形名词主语要求复数谓语动词，下划线部分表示一个整体中的成员 )b. Five minutes is enough. ( 复数名词单数谓语动词，下划线部分表示一个数目)3.邻近原则，即指谓语动词的形式与邻近的名词一致。
a. A man of abilities are needed（.动词 are 不与主语 a man一致，而与其邻近的复形名词a bilities 形式上一致。
二、主谓一致注意要点：1.当名词词组中心词为表示度量、时间等复数名词时，往往可根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词采取单数形式。
a. The dollars is not enough.b. Three months passes in no time at all on the ranch.如果明显地指一个个个体，则要根据语法一致地原则，谓语动词用复数形式。
a. There are two sliver dollars in each of the stockings.2.如果名词词组中心词是all, most, half, the last, the rest, the remainder等词组时，其主谓关系一般遵循意义一致的原则：如所指为复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式；如所指为单数意义，则谓语动词用单数形式。
高三英语语法讲解----主谓一致
一、定义：主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，主谓一致包括 语法一致、意义一致和就近一致. （1）语法一致：谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致 （2）意义一致：谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致 （3）就近一致：谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致
02 related knowledge
二、意义一致
（4）“many a＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Many a child was playing there. 很多孩子在那边玩 （5）在定语从句中，关系代词如果在从句中作主语，根据先行词决定 从句谓语动词的单复数；在“one of＋复数名词＋who/that/which”引导 的从句中，谓语动词用复数；但之前有the(only)等修饰语时，从句中的 谓语动词用单数。 Mary is the only one of the students in our school who has ever been to China.
一、语法一致
（6）what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于作表语的名 词的单复数。 What surprised me most was his attitude towards his study. 最令我惊讶的是他对学习的态度 What her father left her are only some books. 她父亲留给她的只有一些书 （7）such作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要根据其意义而定。 Such is Stephen Hawking，who has suffered a great deal but achieved so much. 这就是史蒂芬·霍金，他经受了很多痛苦但也取得了许多成就 Such are the results we have got. 这些就是我们所取得的成果
超实用高考英语复习：高考语法填空抢分热点之主谓一致(解析版)
高考语法填空抢分热点之主谓一致一、考点精讲1.动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
例如：Watching TV too much is （be）bad for your health。
（看电视太多对你的健康有害。
）2.动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，通常用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。
例如：To learn English very well is necessary./It is necessary to learn English very well.（学好英语是必要的。
）3.主语从句作主语，谓语动词通常用第三人称单数形式。
例如：What is well-known to us is that the Summer Palace is in China.（众所周知，颐和园在中国。
）4.不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单是形式。
例如：The bad news is incredible.（坏消息令人难以置信。
）5.主语后有with，along with，together with，as well as，rather than，but，except，in addition to 等短语时，谓语动词遵循就远原则，在人称和数上要与前面的主语保持一致。
例如：Mr. White，along with his friends，is playing football.（怀特先生和他的朋友们正在踢足球。
）6.由or，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词遵循就近原则，常与最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
例如：Neither I nor he has visited the Great Wall.（我和他都没有去过长城。
）二、高考题经典解读1.The publication of Great Expectations，which ______（be）both widely reviewed and highly praised，strengthened Dickens' status as a leading novelist.【答案】was【解析】考查主谓一致。
高考英语语法考点解读：主谓一致与数词
主谓一致在英语的句子中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。
近几来，高考关于该内容的考查主要集中在形式一致、承前一致以及就近一致三个方面。
一、使用复数谓语动词的情况1．由and, both…and…连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：Both the teacher and the students are working hard.但当and 连接的两个名词指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，且第二个名词前没有冠词等限定词时；另外，and连接的两个名词前有each，every等修饰语时，谓语动词用单数。
如：The knife and fork lies on the table.2．“the＋形容词或过去分词”指一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：The wounded were sent to the hospital at once.3．the people/cattle/police作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：After hearing the news, the people present were all crying.二、使用单数谓语动词的情况1．单数名词、不可数名词、不定代词，如something/somebody, everything/everybody, anything/anybody, nothing/nobody作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
如：Anybody who breaks the law is to be punished.2．不定式、动名词、主语从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
如：Looking after the baby is my job.3．科名词，以s结尾的单数名词，以s结尾的书名、报纸杂志名、地方、组织名称作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
如：Physics is hard to study.4．单数名词＋with, along with，together with，as well as，rather than, as much as, but, except, besides, such as, like, including等作主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。
高考英语语法教案主谓一致用法详解
高考英语语法主谓一致用法详解主谓一致是指：1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。
例如：There is much water in the thermos.但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。
例如：Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如：Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。
注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
例如：The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。
典型例题The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A. isB. wasC. areD. were答案B. 注：先从时态上考虑。
这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。
本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。
后面的职务用and 相连。
这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。
主谓一致中的靠近原则1）当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
例如： There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。
高考英语复习 语法专题精讲精练 名词和主谓一致(含练习习题及解析)
高考英语复习语法专题精讲精练名词和主谓一致（含练习习题及解析）（一）分类（二）转换个体名词与抽象名词的相互转换物质名词与个体名词的相互转换可数名词有单数和复数的变化，而单复数的变化又分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。
名词考点聚焦名词是英语的主要词汇之一，也是历年高考的重要考点。
综合近几年高考对名词的考查，单项填空题中，每年都出现1—2道题。
此外，在阅读理解和完形填空中，名词的一词多义、熟词新意也经常涉及。
因此，在备考中一定要结合具体的语境去感悟、理解名词的辨析、名词的一词多义以及名词的习惯用法等。
①We always keep ______ spare paper, in case we ran out.A. too muchB. a number ofC. plenty ofD. a good many【解析】 答案为C 。
“paper”作为“纸”解释时为不可数名词，所以先排除B 和D 两个选项。
根据题意“我们总是准备充足的备用纸张，以防用光。
”选择答案C 。
too much 意为“太多”尽管修饰不可数名词，但用在这儿不符合题意。
②The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took ___ pictures of them.A. many ofB. masses ofC. the number ofD. a large amount of【解析】答案为B。
【解析】答案为masses of 意为“大量的”既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词；the number of…意为“……的数量”；a large amount of意为“大量的”后接不可数名词；“many of”后接前面带有定冠词的名词，意为“……中的许多”。
一是考查语义方面的辨析：主要考查某些多义词在特定上下文中的引申含义,以及准确辨别一些同义、近义词在特定语境中的差异的能力。
高考英语语法之主谓一致的用法总结
主谓一致有许多原则，概括起来不外乎三种一致原则，即：语法一致；意义一致(语言内容上一致)；毗邻一致(谓语动词的单复数形式和紧位于其前的主语一致)。
一，语法一致原则语法一致原则是指句子的主语和谓语在语法形式上一致，即通常情况下，谓语动词的单复数形式依主语的单复数形式而定，主语为单数形式时谓语动词用单数形式，主语为复数形式时谓语动词也用复数形式。
掌握主谓一致考点中的语法一致原则，要注意特殊问题1 主语是不可数名词或抽象概念，谓语常用单数。
例如Seeing is beliving. Water is essential to our life.2. 如果主语部分是“分数或百分数＋of＋名词/代词”，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于of后的名词或代词的单复数形式。
例如：Two’thirds of the earth’s surface is covered by water. 地球表面的2/3是水域。
// 67 percent of the students are girls in our college(学院). 表示“种类、计量单位”的名词kind, sort, type, form, pair, cup, glass, piece, box, chain, series(单数、复数形式同形)、species(单数、复数形式同形)、ton、meter等与of连用构成主语时，由of之前表示“种类、计量单位”的名词决定谓语动词的形式。
例如：This kind of these apples is sweet. // These kinds of apples are very sweet.3. what, which, who, whose等疑问代词作主语时，根据其所指代的含义来确定谓语动词的形式(若其所指代的含义单数不明确，谓语动词通常用单数形式)。
例如：Which is your room?哪是你的房间？// Which are your rooms?哪几间是你们的房间？// Who is your brother?你兄弟是谁？// Who are League Members?哪些是团员？4主语前、后加修饰语时的主谓一致问题。
高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习
高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习一、讲解部分主谓一致是高中英语语法中的一个重要概念，它指的是在英语句子中，主语和谓语动词在人称和数上要保持一致。
具体来说，就是主语是单数形式，谓语动词也要用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也要用复数形式。
同时，谓语动词的人称要根据主语的性别和数量进行变化。
主谓一致的规则主要包括以下三个原则：1.语法一致原则：主语和谓语动词在语法形式上保持一致。
2.意义一致原则：主语和谓语动词在意义上保持一致。
3.邻近一致原则：如果一个句子中有两个主语，谓语动词与距离它最近的主语保持一致。
在实际应用中，需要根据具体的语境和上下文来判断主谓一致的用法。
例如，在一般现在时中，如果主语是第三人称单数（he/she/it），谓语动词要用单数形式；如果主语是复数形式（they/we/you），谓语动词要用复数形式。
二、练习部分1.用正确的形式填空：(1) He(play) basketball every Sunday.(2) She(write) letters to her friends every week.(3) We(go) to the movies on Fridays.(4) They(not play) in the park now.(5) I ___(not write) to my parents this week.答案：(1) plays (2) writes (3) go (4) aren't playing (5) haven't written1.翻译句子：(1) 他们喜欢游泳和打篮球。
答案：They like swimming and playing basketball.。
高考英语语法主谓一致专题讲解练习含答案
在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词在人称和数上必须和主语保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。
主谓一致大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致。
语法一致原则语法一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
1．单数名词、代词、动词不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
►To study French well is not easy.学好法语不容易。
►What he said is very important for us all.他说的话对我们大家很重要。
【注意】由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式；但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
►What I bought were three Chinese books.我买的是三本中文书。
►What I say and do are helpful to you.我所说的、所做的都对你有帮助。
2．由连接词and或both...and...连接起来的合成主语后面，谓语动词要用复数形式。
►Both she and he are middle school students.他和她都是中学生。
【注意】(1)若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或事(物)时，主语后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。
►The writer and artist has come.那个兼有作家和艺术家双重身份的人来了。
►To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit.早睡早起是个好习惯。
(2)由and连接的并列单数主语前如果有no, each, every, more than a(an), many a(an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
►No boy and no girl likes it.男孩和女孩没有一个喜欢这个的。
高考英语语法——主谓一致
高考英语语法——主谓一致在英语表达中，句子中的谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，我们称之为“主谓一致”。
要做到主谓一致，除了要考虑句中主语的人称和数的变化外，还要考虑到谓语动词的时态和语态的变化。
在这一章中，以主语的变化为主导，引出谓语的可归纳性变化。
主要从并列结构作主语时与谓语的一致和单一主语情况下对谓语的要求，以及其他一些特殊情况下的主谓一致三部分讲解。
典型例句：1.Either he or I am wrong.不是他错了，就是我错了。
2.The singer and dancer comes from Shanghai.那位歌舞演员来自上海。
3.A number of students like playing football.许多学生喜欢踢足球。
一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致1.由and连接主语时由and连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或者代词作主语时，要根据并列主语所表达的意义或概念来确定谓语动词的单复数形式，可以分为下列几种情况。
A.并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students.李明和张华是好学生。
Like many others,the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there is search of gold.像许多其他人一样，这个小流浪汉和这个顽皮的小男孩儿也赶到那儿去寻找金子。
Both rice and wheat are grown in this area.这个地区种植大米和小麦。
（切记：both...and...结构作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
）B.并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。
The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.那位教授兼作家正在会上发言。
高考英语语法主谓一致讲义
主谓一致主谓一致：指句子的谓语受主语支配，随着主语单复数形式的变化而变化。
一、三个原则1. 意义一致：根据句子主语的含义（单复数意义）来确定谓语动词的变化。
The professor and writer is is invited to many universities to give lectures.The police are trying to search for the thief on the hill.2. 语法一致：语法形式上保持一致，即单数主语要用单数谓语动词，复数主语要用复数谓语动词，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式。
My bike is under the tree. These books are old.3.就近原则：主语由两个或两个以上的名词或代词构成，谓语动词的单复数形式应与紧邻的名词或代词保持一致Either my father or brother is coming. Not only you but also they are good students.二、并列结构作主语1、由and或both... and连接两个名词、代词作主语，表示不同的人或事物时，句子的谓语用复数。
在意义上指同一人、同一物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。
John and Mike are good friends.The famous singer and dancer is coming to Chongqing.2、every....and every , each...and each..., no....and no.... 做主语时谓语用单数。
Each boy and each girl has been invited to the party.3、not....but, not only...but also..., or, either....or, neither...nor, there be、Here be 句型谓语就近原则Neither you nor I am fit for the work.There is a pen，a pencil，a knife and three books on the desk.Here are some flowers and a card.三、单一主语：由一个中心词或短语充当的主语不定代词作主语：1.当作主语的名词前有each，neither，either，every修饰或each，neither，either作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
2020年高考英语语法专项突破训练专题19-主谓一致(含答案)
专题十九主谓一致重难点分析主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致，语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致，意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致，就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。
主语的人称和数决定谓语动词的数。
一、主谓一致原则一览表原则概念例句语法一致原则指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式Steve Ember is a good player.Children like toys.意义一致原则指主语形式上为单数，但表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式My family are having lunch now.News is traveling fast nowadays.就近原则谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语There is a knife and two forks on thedesk.Either you or he is to go.二、概念归纳1. 表时间、距离、金额、重量、数字等的复数名词作“整体”看时，谓语常用单数。
如：Two hours is quite enough. 两个小时足够了。
2. 以-s结尾的名词作主语时，根据其意思来接的谓语动词的单复数。
①表学科的名词(physics等)、书报名(the Times等)、国名(the United States等)或组织名称(the United Nations等)及news作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
②单复数同形的名词，如means, works等作主语时，谓语动词的数根据具体情况而定。
如：Every means has been tried. 每种方法都试过了。
All means have been tried. 所有的方法都试过了。
高考英语专项语法,主谓一致
1、Nothing but cars in the shop.A．is sold B．are sold C．were sold D．are going to sell 2、No one except Jack and Tom the answer.A．know B．knows C．is knowing D．are known3、Seventy percent of the students in our school from the countryside.A．is B．are C．comes D．are coming4、of the money used up.A．Three-five, are B．Three-fifths, have beenC．Three-fifths, has been D．Third-fifths, is5、The number of the people who cars increasing.A．owns, are B．owns, is C．own, is D．own, are6、One of Marx’s works written in English in the 1860s.A．was B．were C．would be D．are7、The sheets for your bed washing.A．needs B．are needing C．want D．are wanting8、On each side of the street a lot of trees.A．stands B．grow C．is standing D．are grown9、Some person calling for you at the gate.A．are B．is C．is being D．will be10、All that can be eaten eaten up.A．are being B．has been C．had been D．have been 11、Tom’s teacher and friend Mr. Smith.A．are B．is C．are being D．has12、Your new clothes fit you, but mine me.A．doesn’t fit B．don’t fit C．doesn’t fit for D．don’t fit for13、Neither he nor I for the plan.A．am B．are C．is D．were14、Many a student that mistake before.A．has made B．have madeC．has been made D．had made15、Peter, perhaps John, playing with the little dog.A．is B．are C．were D．seems16、Laying eggs the ant queen’s full-time job.A．is B．are C．has D．have17、Between the two buildings a monument.A．stand B．stands C．standing D．is standing18、I, who your good friend, will share your joys and sorrow.A．am B．is C．are D．was19、The United Nations in 1945.A．were found B．were founded C．was founded D．was found 20、were also invited to the party.A．Mr Smith B．The Smith C．The Smiths D．Smiths21、The glass works in 1959.A．were set up B．was set up C．were put up D．were built22、Three hours with your girl friend to be a short time.A．seem B．seems C．is seeming D．has seemed23、It was reported that six including a boy.A．was killed B．were killed C．was killing D．had killed24、The police a prisoner.A．is searching for B．are searching forC．is searching D．are searched for 25、Deer faster than dogs.A．run B．runs C．are running D．will run26、The wounded good care of here now.A．is taken B．are being taken C．are taking D．is taking27、The whole class greatly moved at his words.A．was B．were C．had D．is28、Over 80 percent of the population of China peasants.A．was B．is C．are D．will be29、There a knife and fork on the table.A．seems to be B．seem to be C．is seeming to be D．are30、Those who singing may join us.A．are liking B．likes C．enjoy D．is fond of31、His family music lovers.A．all are B．are all C．is D．are being32、A professor and a writer present at the meeting.A．was B．is C．were D．had been33、The pair of shoes worn out.A．was B．were C．have been D．had been34、The students in our school each an English dictionary.A．have B．has C．had D．are having35、More than one answer to the question.A．have been given B．has been given C．were given D．had given36、The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students who from the countryside in our school.A．are B．is C．were D．was37、Our family a happy one.A．is B．are C．was D．were38、Most of the mistakes because of carelessness.A．were made B．are made C．has been made D．were making39、Most of his time in reading novels.A．are spent B．is spent C．were spent D．was spending40、The rest of the novel very interesting.A．were B．are C．is D．seem41、I know that all getting on well with her.A．was B．is C．are D．were42、When and where this took place still unknown.A．are B．were C．is D．has43、Not only the workers but also the machine not there.A．are B．were C．is D．has44、Very few his address in the town.A．knows B．know C．are knowing D．has known45、Ten thousand dollars a large sum of money.A．are B．is C．were D．seem46、Twenty miles a long way to cover.A．were B．are C．is D．seem to be47、Nine plus three twelve.A．makes B．make C．is making D．are making48、There are two roads and either to the station.A．leads B．lead C．are leading D．is leading49、My father, together with some of his old friends, there already.A．have been B．has been C．had been D．will be50、My family as well as I glad to see you.A．am B．are C．is D．was。
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专题十九主谓一致重难点分析主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致，语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致，意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致，就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。
主语的人称和数决定谓语动词的数。
一、主谓一致原则一览表二、概念归纳1. 表时间、距离、金额、重量、数字等的复数名词作“整体”看时，谓语常用单数。
如：Two hours is quite enough. 两个小时足够了。
2. 以-s结尾的名词作主语时，根据其意思来接的谓语动词的单复数。
①表学科的名词(physics等)、书报名(the Times等)、国名(the United States等)或组织名称(the United Nations等)及news作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
②单复数同形的名词，如means, works等作主语时，谓语动词的数根据具体情况而定。
如：Every means has been tried. 每种方法都试过了。
All means have been tried. 所有的方法都试过了。
③the Olympic Games作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
3. 集体名词作主语时，视其意义来决定谓语动词的单复数。
①people, police, cattle, youth等名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
②clothing, furniture, equipment等名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
③family, class, government等名词表示整体概念时谓语动词用单数，表单位成员时谓语动词用复数。
4. “a number of / a variety of+复数名词”、“the+形容词”指一类人时，谓语动词用复数；“the number of / the variety of+复数名词”、“the+形容词”作主语指抽象的事物时，谓语动词用单数。
如：The beautiful is loved by all. (表抽象的概念) 美的事物人人都爱。
5. 以and连接的两个名词作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式；但名词前有each, every, no修饰时，谓语动词用单数。
如：Walking and riding are good exercises. 散步和骑车是很好的运动。
Each boy and each girl wants to have a holiday. 每个男孩与女孩都想要假期。
注意：当and连接的两个单数名词在意义上指的是同一人、物或概念时，谓语动词仍用单数。
如：The teacher and writer is popular with his students. 那位是作家兼老师，很受学生欢迎。
(指同一人)6. 动名词、不定式或从句作主语时，谓语用单数。
但what引导的主语从句视后面的表语而定。
如：What we need is time. 我们需要的是时间。
What we need are books. 我们需要的是书籍。
7. 主语后接with, together with, including, combined with, along with, as well as, but, except, besides, like, rather than, in addition to等构成的介词短语时，谓语根据主语的单复数而定。
如：John, rather than his roommates, is to blame. 约翰，而不是他的室友，应该收到责备。
8. 在“one of+复数名词+who/that”引导的定语从句中的动词用复数；但当one之前有the only/very等修饰时，从句中的动词用单数。
如：This is one of the girls who were late for school this morning. 她是今天早上上课迟到的女孩之一。
This is the only one of the girls who was late for school this morning. 她是唯一一个今天早上上课迟到的女孩。
9. glasses, shoes, trousers等复数名词若其前有pair/kind/type/box of等量词修饰时，谓语根据量词的单复数而定。
如：A pair of shoes is under the bed. 床下有一双鞋。
10. 由“a lot of / lots of / plenty of / half of / the rest of / most of +名词/代词”或“分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词视其所接的名词决定单复数。
如：Three fifths of the books are intended for the poor students. 五分之三的书是为贫困学生准备的。
The rest of the money belongs to you. 剩下的钱是你的。
11. 由or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also等连接的名词或代词作主语及there be结构中，谓语动词与它靠近的主语保持一致。
如：Not only we but also the teacher likes watching the CBA basketball games. 不仅是我们，还有老师也喜欢看CBA篮球赛。
12. “不定代词(all指人除外)、many a +名词单数、more than one +名词单数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
如：All has been finished. 所有的都完成了。
All are late for the meeting. 所有人开会都迟到了。
More than one person has made the suggestion. 不仅一个人提出了建议。
考点练透一、单句填空用be动词或所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. The United States of America ___________ one of the most developed countries in the world.2. Every means ___________ tried, but in vain.3. Not only my sister but also I ___________ good at painting. Both of us ___________ good painters.4. Going to bed early ___________ a good habit.5. I, who ___________ your teacher, will try my best to help you out.6. “All ___________ present and all ___________ going on well,” the chairman said.7. The old ___________ taken good care of in our country.8. An iron and steel works, with some other factories ___________ to be built here.9. The number of people invited ___________ fifty, but a number of them ___________ absent for different reasons yesterday.10. I as well as they ___________ ready to help you.11. What we need ___________ enough water, but what they need ___________ houses.12. Her family ___________ larger than mine and her family ___________ watching TV now.13. There ___________ a big table and six chairs in the dining room.14. The rest of food ___________ (leave) for the rest of the students who ___________ (have) gone to the library.15. We need one of the students who ___________ at the meeting.He is the only one of the students who ___________ (speak) English fluently.16. Many a student in our class ___________ pop music while many students in their class ___________ classic music. (like)17. Each of them ___________ Chinese food. They each ___________ Chinese food. (enjoy)18. The worker and writer referred to ___________ (go) to write a comedy.19. This kind of cartoons ___________ well in the bookstore while cartoons of that kind ___________ badly. (sell)20. No boy and no girl ___________ (prevent) by the heavy rain from taking part in the activity.二、语篇填空用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
My School LifeThe number of teachers and students in our school 1 (be) about 2,000 and two thirds of the students in my class 2 (be) girls. All 3 (be) going on well in my class and every boy and every girl 4 (be) ready to help others. Li Lin is the only one of my best friends who 5 (come) from Guangzhou, and the rest 6 (be) local people. Politics 7 (be) my favorite subject and listening to music 8 (be) what I often do in my spare time. Whether I can be admitted to university 9 (be) still unknown, but what I need to do now 10 (be) not wasting any time.三、语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。