必修三模块测试2
2021人教B版数学必修第三册模块综合测评2
(时间：120 分钟 满分：150 分)
一、单项选择题(本大题共 8 小题，每小题 5 分，共 40 分．在每小题给出的四
个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的)
1．已知α是第二象限角，sin α＝ 5 ，则 cos α＝( ) 13
A．－12 13
B．－ 5 13
C． 5 13
D．12 13
二、多项选择题(本大题共 4 小题，每小题 5 分，共 20 分，在每小题给出的四
个选项中，有多项是符合题目要求的．全部选对的得 5 分，选对但不全的得 3 分，
有选错的得 0 分)
9．函数 f(x)＝tan
x＋π 6
的图像的对称中心可以是(
)
A．
－π，0 6
B．
π，0 3
C．
π，0 2
D．
π，0 6
C．λ(a*b)＝(λa)*b
-5-
D．若 a*b＝0，则 a 与 b 平行 BD [①对于选项 A，a 在 b 上的投影的数量为|a|·cos〈a，b〉，故选项 A 错误， ②对于选项 B，(a*b)2＋(a·b)2 ＝|a|2|b|2(sin2〈a，b〉＋cos2〈a，b〉) ＝|a|2|b|2，故选项 B 正确， ③对于选项 C，λ(a*b)＝λ|a||b|sin〈a，b〉， λa*b＝|λa||b|sin〈λa，b〉， 当λ<0 时，不成立，故选项 C 错误， ④由 a*b＝0， 所以 sin〈a，b〉＝0， 所以〈a，b〉＝0°或 180°， 即 a 与 b 平行，故选项 D 正确．]
[解] (1)若 m⊥n，则 m·n＝0.
由向量数量积的坐标公式得 2 sin x－ 2 cos x＝0，
2
2
2018学年高中英语译林版必修3模块综合测评2 含解析
模块综合测评(二)(时间：100分钟；满分：120分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)AMichael Fish may soon be replaced as a weather forecaster by something truly fishier—the shark (鲨鱼)．Research by a British biology student suggests that sharks could be used to predict storms.Lauren Smith,24，is close to completing her study on shark's ability to sense pressure.If her studies prove the theory，scientists may be able to monitor the behaviour of sharks to predict bad weather.Miss Smith had previously studied the behaviour of lemon sharks in the Bahamas.She then used their close relatives, lesser spotted dogfish，for further research at Aberdeen University.Her work—thought to be the first of its kind to test the pressure theory—resulted from the observation that juvenile (幼年的) blacktip sharks off Florida moved into deeper water ahead of a violent storm in 2001.Miss Smith said：“I've always been crazy about travelling and diving and this led me to an interest in sharks.”“I was delighted to have been able to research in the area for my degree.I know there's so much more we need to understand—but it certainly opens the way to more research.”It has been discovered that a shark senses pressure using hair cells in its balance system.At the Bimini Shark Lab in the Bahamas，Miss Smith fixed hi-tech sensors to sharks to record pressure and temperature，while also tracking them using GPS (Global Positioning System) technology.In Aberdeen，she was able to study the effects of tidal(潮汐的)and temperature changes on dogfish—none of which were harmed.She also used a special lab whichcan mimic(模拟)oceanic pressure changes caused by weather fronts.She is due to complete her study and graduate later this year.She says she will be looking for a job which will give her the chance to enrich her experience of shark research.1．The passage is most probably taken from ________.A．a short-story collectionB．a popular science magazineC．a research paperD．a personal diary2．What do we learn from the first four paragraphs of the passage?A．Sharks may be used to predict bad weather.B．Sharks' behaviour can be controlled.C．Michael Fish is not qualified for his job.D．Lauren Smith will become a weather forecaster .3．Lauren Smith conducted her research by ________.A．removing hair cells from a shark's balance systemB．measuring the air pressure of weather frontsC．recording sharks' body temperatureD．monitoring sharks' reaction to weatherchanges4．What is the passage mainly about?A．A popular way of forecasting weather.B．A new research effort in predicting storms.C．Biologists' interest in the secrets of sharks.D．Lauren Smith's devotion to scientific research.B【导学号：28820044】The people who built Stonehenge in southern England thousands of years ago had wild parties, eating barbecued pigs and breaking pottery.This is according to recent work by archaeologists—history experts who investigate how human beings lived in the past.Archaeologists digging near Stonehenge last year discovered the remains of a large prehistoric village where they think the builders of the mysterious stone circle used to live.The village is about 4,600 years old，the same age as Stonehenge and as old as the pyramids in Egypt.It is less than two miles from the famous ancient landmark and lies inside a massive manmade circular dirt wall，or“henge”，known as the Durrington Walls.Remains found at the site included jewellery，stone arrowheads，tools made of deer antlers，wooden spears and huge amounts of animal bones and broken pottery.“These finds suggest Stone Age people went to the village at spec ial times of the year to feast and party”，says Mike Parker Pearson from Sheffield University in England.He said many of the pig bones they found had been thrown away half-eaten. He also said the partygoers appeared to have shot some of the farm pigs with arrows，possibly as a kind of sport before barbecuing them.An ancient road which led from the village to the River Avon was also found. Here，the experts think，people came after their parties to throw dead relatives into the water so the bodies would be washed downstream to Stonehenge.Parker Pearson believes Stonehenge was like a cemetery where ancient Britons buried the dead and remembered their ancestors.“The theory is that Stonehenge is a kind of spirit home to the ancestors.”The recent discovery of the village within the Durrington Walls shows that Stonehenge didn't stand alone but was part of a much bigger religious site，according to Parker Pearson.People still come to worship and celebrate at Stonehenge today.They meet there when the sun sets on the shortest day of winter and when it rises on the longest day of summer.But the days of barbecuing whole pigs there and throwing family members into the river are a thing of the past.5．The underlined word“It”(Paragraph 2) refers to ________.A．the village B．StonehengeC．the pyramid D．the dirt wall6．From the text we can infer that the people who came to the village ________.A．liked to drink wineB．knew how to huntC．were from EgyptD．lived by the River Avon7．What do experts think people did after the village parties?A．Returned to live at Stonehenge.B．Prayed for good luck in the new year.C．Hunted farm pigs as a sport.D．Put their dead relatives into the river.8．When do people most often go to Stonehenge today?A．When a new discovery is made.B．At the beginning of summer and winter.C．On the longest and shortest days of the year.D．When they want to have a barbecue.C(2016·杭州第二中学高一期中) Do you ever wonder why the English have one word for some animals and a different one for their meat? Why do they use pig and pork, cow and beef, and sheep and mutton?To find out, we have to go back to 1066, when the Norman French invaded England and put a French king on the English throne (王位), which not only changed the government but also changed the language.French became the language of the upper classes of society.And it remained that way for 300 years.Only these high society people could afford to eat meat.As a result, French words like porc(pork)and beouf (beef) came into the English language.However, poor English farmers raised the animals.So the English language retained the words pig and cow from the Native Anglo-Saxon.The Norman French added about 10,000 French words to the English language.Seventy-five percent of them are still in use today.According to language experts, English speakers who have never studied French may already know 15,000 French words! Between one-third and two-thirds of all English words have French origins.Some words such as “possible” and “avenue” are the same in French and English; only the pronunciations change.Other words such as “ballet” keep their French pronunciations in both languages.In French grammar, nouns have either a male or female gender (性别), so adjectives take different forms for each.English has only one adjective that does this, and it came from French.The word “blond” describes someone with lightcolored hair.“Blond” is used for men, and “blonde” describes women.And they are also nouns.Some French words that entered the English language have completely different meani ngs.The French phrase “a la mode” means “in style”．In English, the phrase means “with the ice cream”．Someone must have decided something eaten with ice cream was in style!Now, as you learn English, you're on your way to learning French!9．French was once popular among the upper classes of the UK because ____________.A．too many French moved to BritainB．French brought animals with themC．the king and his officials spoke FrenchD．the king allowed French to be spoken10．Why does an English speaker find French easy to learn?A．Because English and French share similar pronunciations.B．Because English grammar and French grammar are similar.C．Because a large number of English words have French origins.D．Because English has great influences on the French language.11．What conclusion can we draw from the text?A．Language is closely related to history and culture.B．French and English words have little in common.C．Language is controlled by the upper classes of society.D．French combines English and the Native Anglo-Saxon.DStore scent(香味)What is the first thing you notice when you walk into a shop? The products displayed(展示)at the entrance? Or the soft background music?But have you ever noticed the smell? Unless it is bad，the answer is likely to be no.But while a shop's scent may not be outstanding compared with sights andsounds，it is certainly there.And it is proved to be an increasingly powerful tool in encouraging people to purchase.A brand store has become famous for its distinctive scent which floats through the fairly dark hall and out to the entrance，via scent machines.A smell may be attractive but it may not just be used for freshening air.One sports goods company once reported that when it first introduced scent into its stores，customers' intention to purchase increased by 80 percent.When it comes to the best shopping streets in Paris，scent is just as important to a brand's success as the quality of its window displays and goods on sale.That is mainly because shopping is a very different experience to what it used to be.Some years ago，the focus for brand name shopping was on a few people with sales assistants' disproving attitude and don't-touch-what-you-can't-afford displays.Now the rise of electronic commerce (e-commerce) has opened up famous brands to a wider audience.But while e-shops can use sights and sounds，only bricks-and-mortar stores (实体店) can offer a full experience from the minute customers step through the door to the moment they leave.Another brand store seeks to be much more than a shop，but rather a destination.And scent is just one way to achieve this.Now，a famous store uses complex man-made smell to make sure that the soft scent of baby powder floats through the kid department，and coconut(椰子) scent in the swimsuit section.A department store has even opened a new lab，inviting customers on a journey into the store's windows to smell books，pots and drawers，in search of their perfect scent.12．According to the passage, ________ is an increasingly powerful tool in the success of some brand stores.A．friendly assistantsB．soft background musicC．unique scentsD．attractive window display13．E-shops are mentioned in the passage to ________.A．urge shop assistants to change their attitudeB．show the advantages of bricks-and-mortar storesC．push stores to use sights and soundsD．introduce the rise of e-commerce14．The underlined word“destination”in Paragraph 5 means “________”．A．a platform that exhibits goodsB．a spot where travelers like to stayC．a place where customers love to goD．a target that a store expects to meet15．The main purpose of the passage is to ________.A．compare and analyzeB．examine and concludeC．argue and discussD．inform and explainⅢ.阅读填句(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)(2016·安阳市第三十六中学高一期中)Some people learn a second language easily.__16__How can you help yourself learn a new language, such as English? There are several ways to make learning English a little easier and more interesting.The first step is to feel positive about learning English.__17__ Be patient.You do not have to understand everything all at once.It is natural to make mistakes when you learn something new.We can learn from our mistakes.__18__The second step is to practice your English.For example, write a diary every day.You will get used to writing it in English, and you will feel comfortable expressing your ideas in English.Several weeks later, you will see that your writing is improving.__19__ You can practice with your classmates outside class.You will all make mistakes, but gradually you will become comfortable communicating in English.The third step is to keep a record of your language learning.You can write this in your journal.__20__ Did you answer a question correctly? Did you understand something the teacher explained? Perhaps the lesson was difficult, but you tried to understand it.You must be positive about learning English and believe that you can do it.It is important to practice every day and make a record of your achievements.You willenjoy learning English, and you will feel more confident in yourself.A．In other words, do not worry about taking risks.B．If you believe that you can learn, you will learn.C．This will help you understand the next class.D．Others have trouble learning a new language.E．After each class, think about what you did.F．In addition, you must speak English every day.G．Plan your time carefully.Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)(2016·西安一中高一期末)In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory__21__ course 20 years ago.The professor __22__the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans(豆), and invited the students to __23__how many beans the jar contained.After __24__shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the __25__answer, and went on saying, “You have just__26__an important lesson about science.That is: Never__27__your own senses.” Twenty years later, the __28__could guess what the professor had in mind.He__29__ himself，perhaps，as inviting his students to start an exciting__30__into an unknown world invisible(无形的)to the __31__，which can be discovered only through scientific __32__.But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept or even __33__the invitation.She was just__34__to understand the world.And she __35__that her firsthand experience could be true __36__.The professor, however, said that it was __37__.He was taking away her only __38__for knowing and was providing her with no substitute(替代)．“I remember feeling small and __39__，”the women says，“and I did the only thing I could do.I __40__ the course that afternoon, and I haven't gone near science since.”21.A.art B．historyC．science D．math22．A.searched for B．looked atC．got through D．marched intoC．report D．watch 24．A.warning B．giving C．turning away D．listening to 25．A.ready B．possible C．correct D．difficult 26．A.learned B．prepared C．taught D．taken 27．A.lose B．trust C．sharpen D．show 28．A.lecturer B．scientist C．speaker D．woman 29．A.described B．respected C．saw D．served 30．A.voyage B．movement C．change D．rush 31．A.professor B．eye C．knowledge D．light 32．A.model B．senses C．spirit D．methods 33．A.hear B．make C．present D．refuse 34．A.suggesting B．beginning C．pretending D．waiting 35．A.believed B．doubted C．proved D．explained 36．A.growth B．strength C．faith D．truth 37．A.firm B．interesting C．wrong D．acceptableC．success D．connection39．A.cruel B．proudC．frightened D．brave40．A.dropped B．startedC．passed D．missedⅣ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)(2016·辽宁东北育才学校高一段考) Nobody wants to be aged, but 41.________ it comes to visiting cities most of us want to visit the world's oldest cities.Luoyang is one of the oldest and most 42.________(attraction) cities in the world that I'd like to recommend to you.Luoyang stands out 43.________ the oldest continually inhabited city in Asia.The city is considered to be 44.________ birthplace of Chinese culture and history as well as being one of the Seven Ancient Capitals of China.There 45.________ (be) no other city in China that has seen so many 46.________(dynasty) like Luoyang.With such a long and exciting history, Luoyang has really a lot 47.________(offer)．The Longmen Grottoes, which 48.________(include) on the World Heritage List in 2000, and many historic Buddhist temples 49.________ (constant) attract tourists from all over the world.Luoyang is also famous for the White Horse Temple, the earliest Buddhist temple 50.______ (establish) in China.Are you eager to visit the city?Ⅴ.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
高中英语：必修3模块综合测试卷(2)(新人教必修3).pdf
模块三综合测试卷（2）（满分120 时间100分钟）第I卷:第一部分英语知识运用(20分)一：单项选择（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）从A，B,C,D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.The flowers _____ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature .A. to smellB. smelling C smelt D. to be smelt2. ---Would you please not tell my father about that if I do well in my English exam , Mrs. Brown ?----I _______, I promise .A. shouldn’t haveB. shan’tC. won’tD. shouldn’t3. They’ve heard quarreling again . There seems to be no ______ but to break up .A. wayB. choiceC. possibilityD. selection4.Could you lend me your mobile phone for a while ?Mine _______.A is charged B. is being charged C. will charge D has been charged5.---- This is ______ picture I told you about .----I see . Isn’t it _____ beautiful one ?A. a, aB. the , aC. the , theD. a , the6.---- Shall I help you with that suitcase ?----- ________.A. It’s all right ,thanks .B. Here you are .C. I don’t want to trouble you too much .D. No, please don’t do it .7. “Never give up . Hope is always just ______.” My mother always says this to my brother and I .A. in the cornerB.at the cornerC. around the cornerD. on the corner8.Some person ______ calling for you at the gate .A. will beB. is beingC.is D are9.---- I prefer Western food . It’s a kind of healthy food .----______ But Western food is said to be high in sugar and fat .A. Isn’t it right ?B. How do you know that ?C. Do you really think so ?D. Who told you that ?10.-----Why didn’t you call me ?---- I did call you , but I had some difficulty in ______ .A. get onB. getting onC. get throughD. getting through11.The drink has _____ bad . Why didn’t you keep it in the shade ?A. becameB. goneC. chargedD. kept12. ----Would you mind _____ the books for me ?----_______ .A. hold/ Yes, please .B. to hold / No, please . C holding / Yes , please .D.holding / Of course not .13. They know the important part _____ computers _______ in their lives .A.in which , playB. which , doC. that, playD. in that , do14.---Is there a flight to Paris this evening ?----There _____ be . Please phone the airport and find it out .A. mustB. would C might D. can15. ________ many difficulties during his childhood , he grew up into a strong-minded man .A. Having experiencedB.having been experiencedC.ExperiencingD.Being experienced16. He insisted that he ____ ill , but I suggestes medical care ______ to him .A. isn’t , was givenB.wasn’t , givesC. wasn’t , be givenD. was , should given17.The machines require _______ , so the workers are required _______ ready .A. repairing , to getB.repaired , to getC.repairing , gettingD. to be repaired , getting18. It is the fact ______ he doesn’t know his birthday ______ surprises us all .A. which, whichB. that ,thatC.which , thatD. that , which19.The reason ______ he gave for not coming was _____ his father wouldn’t let him .A. for which , that B which , because C. why , because D which ,that20.----Will you go boating with us this summer vacation ?-----It ______ .A. is all depended onB. all dependsC. is all dependedD. all depends on二完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A,B,C,D四个选项中，选出合适填入对应空白处的最佳选项。
高中物理必修三模块综合试卷(二)
模块综合试卷(二)(满分：100分)一、单项选择题(本题共7小题，每小题4分，共28分)1．(2022·大埔县虎山中学高二期末)物理学的发展离不开物理学家的科学研究，以下符合史实的是()A．法拉第用电场线来形象描述电场，它是真实存在的B．普朗克提出了能量子假说，基于此他又提出了光子说C．奥斯特发现了电流的磁效应，使人们突破了对电与磁认识的局限性D．楞次发现了电磁感应现象，使人们对电与磁内在联系的认识更加完善2．(2022·金山中学高二阶段练习改编)2021年7月4日，航天员汤洪波走出离地面高约为400 km的中国空间站，航天员出舱的画面是通过电磁波传输到地面接收站，下列关于电磁波的说法正确的是()A．电磁波波长越长，其能量子的能量越大B．只要空间某处的电场或磁场发生变化，就会在其周围产生电磁波C．汤洪波出舱活动的画面从空间站传到地面接收站最少需要约0.014 sD．赫兹通过实验捕捉到电磁波，并证实了麦克斯韦的电磁场理论3．(2021·北京市期末)在研究电容器的充、放电实验中，把一个电容器、电流传感器、电阻、电源、单刀双掷开关按图甲所示连接．先使开关S与1端相连，电源向电容器充电；然后把开关S掷向2端，电容器放电．电流传感器与计算机连接，记录这一过程中电流随时间变化的I－t图像如图乙所示，图线1表示电容器的充电过程，图线2表示电容器的放电过程，下列选项正确的是()A．电容器放电过程中流过电阻R的电流方向向右B．电容器充电过程中电源释放的电能全部转化为电容器中的电场能C．图乙中图线1与横轴所围的面积，表示电容器充电后所带电荷量的大小D．图乙中形成图线2的过程中，电容器两极板间电压降低的越来越快4．如图所示，在两个等量异种点电荷的电场中有1、2、3、4、5、6各点，其中1、2之间的距离与2、3之间的距离相等，2、5之间的距离与2、6之间的距离相等，2位于两点电荷连线的中点，两条虚线互相垂直，那么关于各点电场强度和电势的叙述错误的是( )A ．1、3两点电势相等B ．1、3两点电场强度相同C ．4、5两点电势相等D ．5、6两点电场强度相同5.在如图所示的电路中，输入电压U 恒为12 V ，灯泡L 标有“6 V 12 W ”字样，电动机线圈的电阻R M ＝0.5 Ω.若灯泡恰能正常发光且电动机转动，以下说法中正确的是( )A ．电动机的输入功率是12 WB ．电动机的输出功率是12 WC ．电动机的热功率是12 WD ．整个电路消耗的电功率是22 W6.如图所示，真空中A 、B 、C 三点构成一等边三角形，CD 为边AB 的高．电荷量为－q (q >0)的点电荷Q 1固定在A 点．将另一电荷量为＋q 的点电荷Q 2从无穷远处移到C 点，此过程中静电力做功为W ，再将点电荷Q 2从C 点移到B 点并固定．取无穷远处电势为零，则( )A ．点电荷Q 2移入以前，B 点的电势为WqB ．将点电荷Q 2从C 点移到B 点过程中，静电力做正功C ．点电荷Q 2固定后，将某一正试探电荷从C 点沿CD 移到D 点，该试探电荷所受静电力逐渐增大D ．点电荷Q 2固定后，将某一试探电荷从C 点沿CD 移到D 点，该试探电荷所具有的电势能先增加后减少7．两电荷量分别为q 1和q 2的点电荷固定在x 轴上的A 、B 两点，两点电荷连线上各点电势φ随坐标x 变化的关系图像如图所示，其中P 点电势最高，且x AP <x PB ，则( )A．q1和q2都是负电荷B．q1的电荷量大于q2的电荷量C．在A、B之间将一负点电荷沿x轴从P点左侧移到右侧，电势能先增大后减小D．一点电荷只在电场力作用下沿x轴从P点运动到B点，加速度逐渐变小二、多项选择题(本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分)8．电阻不变的三盏电灯A、B、C连接在如图所示的电路中，闭合电键S后，三盏灯电功率相同，此后向上移动滑动变阻器R的滑片，则可判断()A．三盏灯的电阻大小是R B>R C>R AB．三盏灯的电阻大小是R A>R B>R CC．A、C两盏灯变亮，B灯变暗D．A、B两灯变亮，C灯变暗9．如图甲所示是有两个量程的电流表，当使用a、b两个端点时，量程为0～1 A，当使用a、c两个端点时，量程为0～0.1 A，已知电流表的内阻R g1＝200 Ω，满偏电流I g1＝2 mA；如图乙所示是有两个量程的电压表，当使用d、e两个端点时，量程为0～10 V，当使用d、f两个端点时，量程为0～100 V．已知电流表的内阻R g2＝500 Ω，满偏电流I g2＝1 mA，则电阻R1、R2、R3、R4分别为()A．R1＝0.85 ΩB．R2＝3.67 ΩC．R3＝9 500 ΩD．R4＝95 000 Ω10．如图所示，带正电的粒子以一定的初速度v0沿两板的中线进入水平放置的平行金属板内，恰好沿下板的边缘飞出，已知板长为L，板间的距离为d，板间电压为U，带电粒子的电荷量为q，粒子通过平行金属板的时间为t(不计粒子的重力)()A ．在时间t 内，静电力对粒子做的功为qUB ．在后t 2时间内，静电力对粒子做的功为3qU8C ．粒子的出射速度偏转角tan θ＝dLD ．在粒子下落前d 4和后d4的过程中，运动时间之比为2∶1三、非选择题(本题共5小题，共54分)11．(7分)如图所示，在实验室里小王同学用电流传感器和电压传感器等实验器材测干电池的电动势和内电阻．改变电路的外电阻R ，通过电压传感器和电流传感器测量不同阻值下电源的路端电压和电流，输入计算机，自动生成U －I 图线，如图乙所示．(1)由图乙可得干电池的电动势为________ V ，干电池的内电阻为________ Ω.(2)现有一小灯泡，其U －I 曲线如图丙所示，若将此小灯泡接在上述干电池两端，小灯泡的实际功率是________ W.12．(9分)(2022·广州市高二期末)在测定某金属丝的电阻率实验中：(1)某学生进行了如下操作：①利用螺旋测微器测金属丝直径d ，如图甲所示，则d ＝________ mm ；②测量金属丝电阻R x的电路图如图乙所示，闭合开关S，先后将电压表右侧接线端P接a、b 点时，电压表和电流表示数如下表所示．该学生认真观察到两次测量中，电流表的读数几乎未变，发生这种现象的原因是________________，比较合理且较准确的金属丝电阻R测＝__________ Ω(保留两位有效数字)．U(V)I(A)接线端P接a 2.560.22接线端P接b 3.000.22(2)另一同学找来一恒压电源，按图丙的电路先后将接线端P分别接a处和b处，测得相关数据如下表所示，该同学利用该数据可算出R x的真实值为__________Ω.U(V)I(A)接线端P接a 2.560.22接线端P接b 3.000.2013.(10分)如图所示，匀强电场的电场线与AC平行，把带电荷量为10－8 C的负电荷从A点移到B点，静电力做功6×10－8 J，AB长6 cm，AB与AC成60°角．求：(1)匀强电场的场强方向；(2)设B处电势为1 V，则A处电势为多少？电子在A处的电势能为多少？14．(12分)在如图所示的电路中，电源的电动势E＝28 V，内阻r＝2 Ω，电阻R1＝12 Ω，R2＝R4＝4 Ω，R3＝8 Ω，C为平行板电容器，其电容C＝3.0 pF，虚线到两极板的距离相等，极板长L＝0.20 m，两极板的间距d＝1.0×10－3 m．(g取10 m/s2)(1)若开关S处于断开状态，则将其闭合后，流过R4的电荷量为多少？(2)若开关S断开时，有一个带电微粒沿虚线方向以v0＝2.0 m/s的初速度射入平行板电容器的两极板间，带电微粒刚好沿虚线匀速运动，问：当开关S闭合后，此带电微粒以相同的初速度沿虚线方向射入两极板间，能否从极板间射出？15．(16分)(2021·江西赣州市期末)如图所示，水平绝缘轨道AC由光滑段AB与粗糙段BC组成，它与竖直光滑半圆轨道CD在C点处平滑连接，其中AB处于电场区内．一带电荷量为＋q、质量为m的可视为质点的滑块从A处以水平初速度v0进入电场区沿轨道运动，从B点离开电场区继续沿轨道BC运动，最后从圆轨道最高点D处以水平速度v离开圆轨道．已知：轨道BC长l＝1 m，圆轨道半径R＝0.1 m，m＝0.01 kg，q＝5×10－5 C，滑块与轨道BC间的动摩擦因数μ＝0.2，重力加速度g取10 m/s2，设装置处于真空环境中．(1)若滑块到达圆轨道D点时的速度v＝1 m/s①在D点处时，求滑块受到的弹力F N；②求滑块从B点离开电场时的速度大小v B；(2)若v0＝5 m/s，为使滑块能到达圆轨道最高点D处，且离开圆轨道后落在水平轨道BC上，求A、B两点间电势差U AB应满足的条件．。
(人教版)高中英语必修第三册 Unit 2单元测试试卷02及答案
Unit 2Morals and Virtues 单元测试第一部分阅读理解（共两节）第一节AWhen Susan Saunders was 36, her mother was diagnosed(诊断) with severe dementia(痴呆). “I had a full-time job as a TV producer and I became a carer as well.” As a teenager, she watched her mum care for her own mother, who had the same condition. “I decided to increase my and my families’ chances of ageing well.”Annabel Streets’ story is similar. As a student, she watched her mother care for her grandmother, who lived with dementia for nearly 30 years. She said, “When I developed a chronic autoimmune disease, I knew things had to change.”Together, Saunders and Streets started researching the latest science on how to have a healthier, happier old age and blogged about their findings for five years. Their Age Well Project has now been published as a book, and Streets and Saunders, both in their 50s, say they have never been in better health. What did they learn?Walk fasterWalking is good, but pace matters. Fast walking has been linked to better memory, better health and a longer life. Increase your pace until you are slightly out of breath or sweaty.Read booksFrequent reading has been linked to longer, healthier life. A Yale study of 3,600 over-50s found that reading increased longevity by almost two years. While those who read for more than 3.5 hours a week lived longest. Work longerWhile many people dream of retirement, a new study found that people who worked longer lived longer. This is because working usually involves social interaction, movement and a sense of purpose. But working long hours year after year is not the answer either. From mid-life on, the sweet spot for health and longevity is working at a less intense pace and for fewer hours.1. Which of the followings is right?A. Susan Saunders was diagnosed with severe dementia at 36.B. Saunders and Streets try to increase their chances of ageing well.C. Annabel Streets is a student and often watches her mother care for her grandmother.D. Annabel Streets has to take care of four children.2. What should you do if you want to age well?A. You should walk in the morning.B. You should work at a less intense pace.C. You should read for more than 3.5 hours every day.D. You should work at a less intense pace and for fewer hours from mid-life on.3. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Saunders found that people who worked longer lived longer.B. Saunders and Streets apply the healthy lifestyle to their own lives.C. Saunders and Streets’ experiences and ways to live well into old age.D. Streets found that those who read for more than 3.5 hours a week lived longest.BTribes(部落) in South Africa traditionally greet each other with “Sawabona.” which means “I see you.” The response is “Sikhona,” which translates to “I’m here.” As I watch my students finish up this busy school year, I’m making sure they feel that I know they are here at school and here in my life.At the beginning of the year, I ask my students’ parents to write me a letter telling me what they think I should know about their student. After all, they know their child best.One parent letter this year brought tears to my eyes.This mom wrote to me that when she asked her son about how he felt about his fourth-grade year, he got very quiet and wouldn’t look at her. When pressed, he eventually replied with tears streaming down his face and whispered, “No one saw me last year.” This inspired me to make this student (and all my students) feel seen this year.In spite of higher-class sizes and strict learning standards, I tried my best.My favorite part of every school day is that I stand at our classroom door to greet each and every student as they enter our room. It is important that I make a physical connection with each student in the form of a hug, handshake or high five. I make a verbal connection with each student as I check in with them. I ask about how their soccer game went, if they finished the homework, or if their grandma is feeling better. It only takes a few minutes but it pays back in priceless ways through relationships.I have two weeks left to connect with these students. I’m going to make the most of every minute I have left with them. To see them. To acknowledge that they are here.4. What inspired the author to make his students feel seen this year?A. One of his student’s tears.B. One of his student’s letter.C. One of his student’s homework.D. One of his students’ parent’s letter.5. The best title of the passage is ?A. Sawabona: I See You.B. Sikhona.C. a verbal connection.D. A hug.6. Which column(栏目) of the newspaper does the passage belong to?A. Health.B. Sports.C. Science.D. Education.第二节根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
高中物理必修三模块综合试卷及答案解析(二)
高中物理必修三模块综合试卷及答案解析(二) 一、单项选择题(本题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分) 1．(2021·江苏宿迁市高一期中)关于电场强度，下列认识正确的是() A．若在电场中的P点不放试探电荷，则P点的电场强度为0B．点电荷的电场强度公式E＝k Qr2表明，点电荷周围某点电场强度的大小，与该点到场源电荷距离r的二次方成反比C．电场强度公式E＝Fq表明，电场强度的大小与试探电荷的电荷量q成反比，若q减半，则该处的电场强度变为原来的2倍D．匀强电场中电场强度处处相同，所以任何电荷在其中受力都相同答案 B解析电场强度取决于电场本身，与有无试探电荷无关，A错误；点电荷的电场强度公式E＝k Qr2表明，点电荷周围某点电场强度的大小，与点电荷的电荷量成正比，与该点到场源电荷距离r的二次方成反比，B正确；场强公式E＝Fq只是为研究电场的方便，采用比值法下的定义，所以电场强度的大小与该点所放试探电荷的电荷量不成反比，C错误；据场强方向的规定，正电荷所受静电力的方向与该点的场强方向相同，负电荷所受静电力的方向与该点的场强方向相反，故D错误．2.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)如图1，空间存在一方向水平向右的匀强电场，两个带电小球P 和Q用相同的绝缘细绳悬挂在水平天花板下，两细绳都恰好与天花板垂直，则()图1A．P和Q都带正电荷B．P和Q都带负电荷C．P带正电荷，Q带负电荷D．P带负电荷，Q带正电荷答案 D解析对P、Q整体进行受力分析可知，在水平方向上整体所受静电力为零，所以P、Q必带等量异种电荷，选项A、B错误；对P进行受力分析可知，Q对P 的库仑力水平向右，则匀强电场对P的静电力应水平向左，所以P带负电荷，Q 带正电荷，选项C错误，D正确．3.(2020·黄山市高二期末)某区域的电场线分布如图2所示，M、N、P是电场中的三个点，则下列说法正确的是()图2A．P、N两点场强不等，但方向相同B．同一试探电荷在M点受到的静电力小于在N点受到的静电力C．同一试探电荷在P点的电势能一定小于在N点的电势能D．带正电的粒子仅在静电力作用下，一定沿电场线PN运动答案 B4.(2020·峨山彝族自治县一中高二期中)如图3所示，通有恒定电流的导线MN与闭合金属框共面，第一次将金属框由Ⅱ平移到Ⅰ，第二次将金属框绕cd边翻转到Ⅰ，设先后两次通过金属框的磁通量变化分别为ΔΦ1和ΔΦ2，则()图3A．ΔΦ1>ΔΦ2B．ΔΦ1＝ΔΦ2C．ΔΦ1<ΔΦ2D．不能判断答案 C解析设金属框在位置Ⅰ时磁通量大小为Φ1，位置Ⅱ时磁通量大小为Φ2.第一次将金属框由Ⅱ平移到Ⅰ，穿过金属框的磁感线方向没有改变，磁通量变化量ΔΦ1＝Φ1－Φ2，第二次将金属框绕cd边翻转到Ⅰ，穿过金属框的磁感线的方向发生改变，磁通量变化量ΔΦ2＝Φ1＋Φ2，故ΔΦ1<ΔΦ2，故C正确，A、B、D错误．5．有一场强方向与x轴平行的静电场，电势φ随坐标x变化的图线如图4所示，若规定x轴正方向为场强的正方向，则该静电场的场强E随x变化的图线应是()图4答案 B解析 0～2 mm ，电势φ升高，逆着电场线，则知电场线方向为x 轴负方向，E 是负的，2～6 mm ，电势φ降低，顺着电场线，则知电场线方向为x 轴正方向，E是正的，故A 、C 、D 不符合题意；0～2 mm ，E 1＝U 1d 1＝－402×10－3 V/m ＝－2×104 V/m,2～10 mm ，E 2＝U 2d 2＝ 808×10－3 V/m ＝1×104 V/m,10～12 mm ，E 3＝U 3d 3＝－2×104 V/m ，故B 符合题意． 6.(2021·江西赣州期末)在如图5所示的电路中，电压表、电流表均为理想电表，当闭合开关S 后，若将滑动变阻器的滑片P 向下调节，则下列说法不正确的是( )图5A ．电路再次稳定时，电源效率减小B ．灯L 2变暗，电流表的示数增大，电容器极板所带电荷量减少C ．灯L 1变亮，电压表的示数减小，电源输出功率减小D ．电源的内部消耗功率增大答案 C解析 由题可知，滑片P 向下调节，滑动变阻器的阻值R 减小，即电路中的总电阻R总减小，由闭合电路欧姆定律可得，电路中的总电流I总增大，电路内电压U内增大，路端电压U外减小，电源的效率η＝P出P总×100%＝U外I总EI总×100%＝U外E×100%，即电源效率减小，所以A正确，但不符合题意；灯L1的电流增大，所以L1的电压U1增大，又路端电压U外减小，所以灯L2和电容器两端的电压U2都减小，所以灯L2变暗，通过L2的电流I2也减小．又总电流增大，所以电流表的示数增大．电容器两端电压减小，由Q＝CU可得，电容器极板所带电荷量减小，所以B正确，但不符合题意；由B选项分析可知，灯L1的电流增大，所以L1变亮，电压表测的是电路的路端电压，所以电压表示数减小，电源的输出功率为P出＝U外I总，路端电压U外减小，总电流I总增大，所以无法判断电源的输出功率变化，所以C错误，符合题意；电源的内部消耗功率为P内＝I总2r，由于总电流I总增大，所以电源的内部消耗功率增大，所以D正确，但不符合题意．7.(2020·四川成都一诊)如图6所示，水平放置的平行板电容器上极板带正电，所带电荷量为Q，板间距离为d，上极板与静电计相连，静电计金属外壳和电容器下极板都接地．在两极板正中间P点有一个静止的带电油滴，所带电荷量绝对值为q，静电力常量为k，下列说法正确的是()图6A．油滴带正电B．油滴受到的静电力大小为4kQq d2C．若仅将上极板平移到图中虚线位置，则静电计指针张角减小D ．若仅将上极板平移到图中虚线位置，则油滴将加速向上运动答案 C解析 根据题意知，油滴所受静电力与重力平衡，场强方向竖直向下，故油滴带负电，A 错误；两极板间的电场为匀强电场，库仑定律不适用，B 错误；上极板下移，板间距d 减小，根据C ＝εr S 4k πd ，U ＝Q C ＝4k πdQ εr S ，则E ＝U d ＝4πkQ εrS ，故场强E 不变，F ＝qE ，可知油滴所受静电力不变，油滴静止不动，根据U ＝Ed 可知两极板间电压变小，静电计指针张角减小，故C 正确，D 错误．8.如图7所示，匀强电场的方向平行于O 、P 、Q 三点所在的平面，三点的连线构成一个直角三角形，∠P 是直角，∠O ＝30°，PQ ＝2 cm ，三点的电势分别是φO ＝5 V ，φP ＝11 V ，φQ ＝13 V ．下列叙述正确的是( )图7A ．电场的方向沿QO 方向，电场强度大小为2 V/mB ．OQ 连线中点的电势为6.5 VC ．电子在P 点的电势能比在Q 点低2 eVD ．沿O →P →Q 路径将电子从O 点移动到Q 点，静电力做的功为8 eV 答案 D解析 QO 间的电势差为8 V ，将QO 分成8等份，每份的电势差为1 V ，如图所示，若A 点的电势为11 V ，则OA 的长度为3 cm.AQ 的长度为1 cm.根据几何关系可知，P A ⊥OQ ，故P A 所在的直线为等势线，电场线沿QO 方向从Q 指向O .电场强度的大小为E ＝U d ＝8 V 4 cm ＝2 V/cm ，故A 错误；根据匀强电场等差等势面的特点，OQ连线的中点电势为φ＝φO＋φQ2＝5＋132V＝9 V，B错误；将电子从P移动到Q点，静电力做功W PQ＝－eU PQ＝－e×(－2 V)＝2 eV，静电力做正功，电势能减小，故电子在P点的电势能比在Q点高2 eV，故C错误；静电力做功与路径无关，只与始、末位置有关，故W OPQ＝W OQ＝－e×(－8 V)＝8 eV，D正确．二、多项选择题(本题共4小题，每小题4分，共16分)9.(2021·江苏省滨海中学期末)交警使用的某型号酒精测试仪工作原理如图8所示，传感器电阻R的电阻值随酒精气体浓度的增大而减小，电源的电动势为E，内阻为r，电路中的电表均为理想电表．当一位酒驾驾驶员对着测试仪吹气时，下列说法中正确的是()图8A．电压表的示数变大，电流表的示数变小B．电压表的示数变小，电流表的示数变大C．酒精气体浓度越大，电源的输出功率越大D．电压表示数变化量与电流表示数变化量的绝对值之比保持不变答案BD解析由于传感器电阻R的电阻值随酒精气体浓度的增大而减小，而酒驾驾驶员吹气时，酒精气体浓度变大，R 变小，由闭合电路的欧姆定律可知I ＝E R ＋r ＋R 0，U ＝E －I (R 0＋r )，可知电流表示数变大，电压表示数变小，A 错误，B 正确；电源的输出功率与外电阻R 外的关系图像如图所示，由图可知，当R 外＝r 时电源的输出功率最大，而酒精气体浓度增大导致R ＋R 0减小，若开始时R ＋R 0>r ，则随着R 减小，电源的输出功率增大，若开始时R ＋R 0<r ，则随着R 减小，电源的输出功率减小，C 错误；把R 0等效为电源内阻的一部分，则|ΔU ΔI|＝r ＋R 0.故无论R 怎么变，电压表示数变化量与电流表示数变化量的绝对值之比保持不变，D 正确．10.(2021·福建宁德市高二期末)如图9所示，光滑绝缘水平细杆上套有一个小球，其质量为m ，带电荷量为＋q ，O 、a 、b 是细杆垂线上的三点，O 在杆上且Oa ＝Ob ，在a 、b 两点分别固定一个电荷量为－Q 的点电荷．小球从图示位置以初速度v 0向右运动的过程中( )图9A ．速度一定先减小后增大B ．加速度一定先增大后减小C ．对细杆的作用力始终保持不变D ．电势能先减小后增大答案CD解析在O左侧，小球受到的库仑力合力向右，在O右侧小球受到的库仑力合力向左，小球在向右运动的过程中，在O左侧做加速运动，在O右侧做减速运动，所以小球的速度先增大后减小，A错误；根据电场线的分布情况，电场强度可能先减小后增大，所以小球所受的静电力可能先减小后增大，则加速度可能先减小后增大，B错误；两个电荷量为－Q的点电荷对小球的库仑力在竖直方向的分力大小相等，方向相反，所以小球对细杆的作用力等于小球的重力，始终保持不变，C正确；在小球向右运动的过程中，静电力先做正功后做负功，所以电势能先减小后增大，D正确．11．(2021·广东深圳市翠园中学高二期末)如图10，直线上有O、a、b、c四点，其中ab＝bc＝Oa2，在c点处固定点电荷Q.若一带负电的粒子仅在静电力作用下先经O点运动到a点，又从a点返回运动到O点，则()图10A．点电荷Q带负电B．Oa间与ab间的电势差满足|U Oa|＝2|U ab|C．粒子两次经过O点时的速率相同D．粒子经过a、O点时加速度满足a a＝4a O答案ACD解析一带负电的粒子仅在静电力作用下先经O点运动到a点，又从a点返回运动到O点，则说明带电粒子先减速后加速返回，所以点电荷Q带负电，A正确；由于点电荷Q周围的电场为非匀强电场，离点电荷Q越近，其电场强度越强，根据U＝Ed可判断Oa间与ab间的电势差满足|U Oa|<2|U ab|，B错误；根据静电力做功的特点，粒子两次经过O点的过程中静电力不做功，由动能定理可知粒子的动能不变，则粒子两次经过O点时的速率相同，C正确；根据牛顿第二定律可得kQq r2＝ma，解得a＝kQqr2m，由于r O＝2r a，所以粒子经过a、O点时加速度满足a a＝4a O，D正确．12.硅光电池是一种太阳能电池，具有低碳环保的优点．如图11所示，图线a是该电池在某光照射强度下路端电压U和电流I的关系图(电池电动势不变，内阻不是常量)，图线b是某电阻的U－I图像，倾斜虚线是过a、b交点的切线．在某光照强度下将它们组成闭合回路时，下列相关叙述正确的是()图11A．此时硅光电池的内阻为12.5 ΩB．此时硅光电池的总功率为0.72 WC．此时硅光电池的输出效率约为56%D．若把内阻为10 Ω的直流电动机接到该电池上，电动机的输出功率为0.4 W 答案BC解析由图线a知，此硅光电池的电动势E＝3.6 V，由图线b知，电阻R＝2 0.2Ω＝10 Ω.当电阻接在硅光电池上，在某光照强度下U外＝2 V，I＝0.2 A，由E＝U外＋Ir得：r＝8 Ω.电池总功率P＝EI＝3.6×0.2 W＝0.72 W，电池的输出功率P出＝U外I＝2×0.2 W＝0.4 W，效率η＝P出P×100%≈56%，故A错误，B、C正确；把内阻为10 Ω的直流电动机接到该电池上，电动机为非纯电阻电路，故电动机的输出功率小于0.4 W，D错误.三、非选择题(本题共6小题，共60分)13．(6分)(2020·黄山市高二期末)用伏安法测量电阻阻值R，并求出电阻率ρ.给定电压表(内阻约为50 kΩ)、电流表(内阻约为40 Ω)、滑动变阻器(20 Ω)、电源、开关、待测电阻(约为250 Ω)及导线若干．图12(1)在图12中完成测量的电路图．(2)图13中的6个点表示实验中测得的6组电流I、电压U的值，要求在图中画出U－I图像．并根据图像求出电阻阻值R＝________ Ω.(保留3位有效数字)图13(3)待测电阻是一均匀材料制成的圆柱体，长度L已知．用50分度的游标卡尺测量其直径，如图14所示．由图可知其直径为________ cm.图14(4)由于实验误差，实验测量出的ρ________材料真实的ρ0(选填“大于”“等于”或“小于”)．答案(1)如图所示(2分)(2)如图所示(1分)223(208～230均正确)(1分)(3)0.800(1分)(4)小于(1分)14．(8分)(2021·上海市大同中学期末)某同学用图15(a)所示的电路测量电源的电动势E和内阻r，R1是滑动变阻器，定值电阻R2＝3 Ω.图15(1)图(a)中A、B分别是________传感器、________传感器．(2)请根据图(a)，用笔画线代替导线将图(b)中实物图补充完整；(3)该实验中，设A传感器的示数为a，B传感器的示数为b，则a关于b的函数关系式为a＝________；(用b、E、r、R2表示)(4)若实验中得到的两表的示数关系图像如图(c)所示，则该电源的电动势E＝________ V，内阻r＝________ Ω.答案(1)电压(1分)电流(1分)(2)见解析图(1分)(3)E－b(R2＋r)(2分) (4)2.8(1分)1(2分)解析(1)A传感器与电路并联，是电压传感器，B传感器与电路串联，是电流传感器；(2)电路如图所示(3)把R2看作电源的内阻，由闭合电路欧姆定律得U＝E－I(R2＋r)U＝a，I＝b解得a ＝E －b (R 2＋r )(4)由题图(c)知，电源的电动势E ＝2.8 V该电源的内阻为r ＝|ΔU ΔI |－R 2＝2.80.7 Ω－3 Ω＝1 Ω15.(8分)如图16所示，两平行金属板A 、B 间有一匀强电场，C 、D 为电场中的两点，且CD ＝4 cm ，其连线的延长线与金属板A 成30°角．已知电子从C 点移到D 点的过程中静电力做功为－4.8×10－17 J ，元电荷e ＝1.6×10－19 C ．求：图16(1)C 、D 两点间的电势差U CD 、匀强电场的场强大小E ；(2)若选取A 板的电势φA ＝0，C 点距A 板1 cm ，电子在D 点的电势能为多少． 答案 (1)300 V 1.5×104 V/m (2)7.2×10－17 J解析 (1)电子从C 点移到D 点U CD ＝W CD q ＝－4.8×10－17－1.6×10－19V ＝300 V(1分) E ＝U CD d CDsin 30°＝3004×10－2×0.5 V/m ＝1.5×104 V/m(2分) (2)d ＝d CD sin 30°＋1 cm ＝3 cmU AD ＝Ed ＝1.5×104×3×10－2 V ＝450 V(2分)由U AD ＝φA －φD 和φA ＝0得(1分)φD ＝－450 V(1分)电子在D 点的电势能为E p ＝qφD ＝－1.6×10－19×(－450) J ＝7.2×10－17 J ．(1分)16.(10分)如图17所示，在x >0的空间内存在沿x 轴正方向、大小为E 的匀强电场，在x <0的空间内存在沿x 轴负方向的匀强电场，场强大小也等于E .一质量为m 、电荷量为－e 的电子在位于x 轴上的点P (d ,0)处，以沿y 轴正方向的初速度v 0开始运动，不计电子重力．求：图17(1)电子在x 轴方向的分运动的周期；(2)电子运动的轨迹与y 轴的各个交点中，任意两个相邻交点之间的距离l . 答案 (1)42mdEe (2)2v 02md Ee解析 (1)设电子从开始运动到第一次与y 轴相交所用时间为t ，则有 d ＝12·Ee m ·t 2(2分) 解得t ＝2mdEe (2分)所以电子在x 轴方向的分运动的周期为T ＝4t ＝42mdEe ；(2分) (2)在y 轴方向上，有y ＝v 0t ＝v 02mdEe (2分) 电子运动的轨迹与y 轴的各个交点中，任意两个相邻交点之间的距离l ＝2y ＝2v 02md Ee .(2分)17.(14分)(2021·北京通州区期末)如图18所示，电路中电源电动势E ＝80 V ，内阻不计，电路中三个定值电阻R的阻值相同．A、B分别为水平放置的平行板电容器的上、下极板，板长L＝90 cm，板间距离d＝40 cm.在两金属板左端正中间位置M处，有一小液滴以某一初速度水平向右射入两板间，从A板右侧边缘射出电场．已知小液滴的质量m＝2.0×10－3 kg，带负电，电荷量q＝1.0×10－3 C．重力加速度g＝10 m/s2，求：图18(1)平行板电容器两极板间电压U的大小；(2)在此过程中液滴电势能的变化量ΔE p；(3)液滴进入电场时初速度v0的大小．答案(1)40 V(2)－0.02 J(3)9.0 m/s解析(1)根据闭合电路欧姆定律得U＝E2R·R(2分)代入数据得U＝40 V(1分)(2)液滴在电场中运动，静电力做功W＝12qU(1分)代入数据得W＝0.02 J(1分)根据静电力做功与电势能变化的关系W＝－ΔE p(2分) 得ΔE p＝－0.02 J(1分)即液滴电势能减小0.02 J(3)根据牛顿第二定律，有q Ud－mg＝ma(2分)竖直方向有d 2＝12at 2(2分)水平方向有L ＝v 0t (1分)联立得v 0＝9.0 m/s.(1分)18．(14分)(2021·四川模拟)科技在我国的“蓝天保卫战”中发挥了重要作用，某科研团队设计了一款用于收集工业生产中产生的固体颗粒的装置，其原理简图如图19所示．固体颗粒通过带电室时带上正电荷，颗粒从A 点无初速度地进入加速区，经B 点进入径向电场区，沿14圆弧BC 运动，再经C 点竖直向下进入偏转电场区，最终打在竖直收集挡板上的G 点．建立如图19所示坐标系，带电室、加速区、径向电场区在第二象限，偏转电场区和挡板在第四象限．已知固体颗粒的比荷为10－3 C/kg ，加速区板间电压为U ＝2×103 V ，圆弧BC 上各点的场强大小相同且为E 1＝2.5×104 V/m ，方向都指向圆弧BC 的圆心D 点，偏转电场场强大小为E 2＝4×104 V/m ，方向水平向右，挡板距离y 轴0.2 m ．不计重力、空气阻力及颗粒间的作用力，求：图19(1)带电固体颗粒离开加速区的速度大小及圆弧BC 的半径；(2)G 点与x 轴之间的距离．答案 (1)2 m/s 0.16 m (2)0.2 m解析 (1)从A 到B 的加速过程qU ＝12mv 2(2分)解得v ＝2 m/s(2分)从B 到C 的过程，固体颗粒受到的径向静电力提供向心力，qE 1＝m v 2R (2分) 解得R ＝0.16 m(1分)(2)在C 到G 过程固体颗粒做类平抛运动，则x ＝12at 2(2分)qE 2＝ma (2分)y ＝vt (2分)解得y ＝0.2 m ．(1分)。
高中英语 必修3 模块综合测试卷(2)(含答案解析)
高中英语必修3模块综合测试卷（2）（含答案解析）（满分120时间100分钟）第I卷:第一部分英语知识运用(20分)一：单项选择（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）从A，B,C,D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.Theflowers_____sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingCsmeltD.tobesmelt2.---WouldyoupleasenottellmyfatheraboutthatifIdowellinmyEnglishexam,Mrs.Brown? ----I_______,Ipromise.A.shouldn’thaveB.shan’tC.won’tD.shouldn’t3.They’veheardquarrelingagain.Thereseemstobeno______buttobreakup.A.wayB.choiceC.possibilityD.selection4.Couldyoulendmeyourmobilephoneforawhile?Mine_______.AischargedB.isbeingchargedC.willchargeDhasbeencharged5.----Thisis______pictureItoldyouabout.----Isee.Isn’tit_____beautifulone?A.a,aB.the,aC.the,theD.a,the6.----ShallIhelpyouwiththatsuitcase?-----________.A.It’sallright,thanks.B.Hereyouare.C.Idon’twanttotroubleyoutoomuch.D.No,pleasedon’tdoit.7.“Nevergiveup.Hopeisalwaysjust______.”MymotheralwayssaysthistomybrotherandI.A.inthecornerB.atthecornerC.aroundthecornerD.onthecorner8.Someperson______callingforyouatthegate.A.willbeB.isbeingC.isDare9.----IpreferWesternfood.It’sakindofhealthyfood.----______ButWesternfoodissaidtobehighinsugarandfat.A.Isn’titright?B.Howdoyouknowthat?C.Doyoureallythinkso?D.Whotoldyouthat?10.-----Whydidn’tyoucallme?----Ididcallyou,butIhadsomedifficultyin______.A.getonB.gettingonC.getthroughD.gettingthrough11.Thedrinkhas_____bad.Whydidn’tyoukeepitintheshade?A.becameB.goneC.chargedD.kept12.----Wouldyoumind_____thebooksforme?----_______.A.hold/Yes,please.B.tohold/No,please.Cholding/Yes,please.D.holding/Ofcoursenot.13.Theyknowtheimportantpart_____computers_______intheirlives.A.inwhich,playB.which,doC.that,playD.inthat,do14.---IsthereaflighttoParisthisevening?----There_____be.Pleasephonetheairportandfinditout.A.mustB.wouldCmightD.can15.________manydifficultiesduringhischildhood,hegrewupintoastrong-mindedman.A.HavingexperiencedB.havingbeenexperiencedC.ExperiencingD.Beingexperienced16.Heinsistedthathe____ill,butIsuggestesmedicalcare______tohim.A.isn’t,wasgivenB.wasn’t,givesC.wasn’t,begivenD.was,shouldgiven17.Themachinesrequire_______,sotheworkersarerequired_______ready.A.repairing,togetB.repaired,togetC.repairing,gettingD.toberepaired,getting18.Itisthefact______hedoesn’tknowhisbirthday______surprisesusall.A.which,whichB.that,thatC.which,thatD.that,which19.Thereason______hegavefornotcomingwas_____hisfatherwouldn’tlethim.A.forwhich,thatBwhich,becauseC.why,becauseDwhich,that20.----Willyougoboatingwithusthissummervacation?-----It______.A.isalldependedonB.alldependsC.isalldependedD.alldependson二完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A,B,C,D四个选项中，选出合适填入对应空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年英语外研版必修3检测：第2模块测评 Word版含解析
姓名，年级：时间：第二模块测评(时间:120分钟满分:150分）第一部分：听力（共两节,满分30分)第一节（共5小题;每小题1。
5分,满分7。
5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
M:After high school，I’d like to go to college to take some business courses。
W:But I'd rather spend my college days finding out how children learn。
1.What will the woman do after high school？A。
Start a business of her own。
B。
Do some business courses.C。
Major in child education。
答案CW:What a pity！If it were not raining，we could go to visit our grandson。
M：Take it easy,dear.We can wait till the rain stops.2.What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Grandmother and grandson。
B.Husband and wife。
C。
Guide and tourist。
答案BM:Henry hasn't turned up yet.We’ve been waiting for 30 minutes，and it’s already 10 o’clock.3.When did Henry probably leave home?A。
外研版高中英语必修三第二模块测评.docx
高中英语学习材料***鼎尚图文理制作***第二模块测评(时间:100分钟满分:120分)第Ⅰ卷第一部分:阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。
ATwo billion children in the developing world can’t receive good education—the key to human development.However,technology offers an answer which allows the poor in developing countries to learn.It is a tool which holds the ability to change the lives of the poor,as it provides a means of learning and communicating.Educational programmes must break away from old systems.New companies such as One Laptop(笔记本电脑)Per Child(OLPC),an organisation founded by MIT Professor Nicholas Negroponte have been active in solving the world’s education problem.The Internet has changed the world,allowing educational services to help with the global fight against poverty.Khan Academy is one such service.Like OLPC,it is an organisation founded by Harvard Business School graduate Salman Khan with the task of “providing a world-class education to anyone,anywhere”.The education offered includes a large number of math-related topics.The GMAT Pill Review is another company that trains MBA candidates(应考人)worldwide to prepare for the GMAT exam on both the Quant and Verbal section.Founded by Stanford graduate Zeke Lee,the company offers services which are priced at about 75% less than other similar programmes.It allows students from developing countries who might not be able to afford similar courses to have access to these services.Whether paid or free these services provide educational opportunities to those who would never have had the chance in the past.As a result of the technology revolution(革新),business schools may see more students from different corners of the world.Because of the Internet,people in developing nations have access to better and more affordable educational opportunities.More and more people will try to improve their lives through educational opportunities outside of their homeland—an idea usually uncommon in developing countries.1.According to the text,technology can .A.improve people’s reading abilityB.solve the problems facing the whole worldC.help the poor to reduce povertyD.cause poverty in developing countries答案C解析细节理解题。
必修第三册模块检测(二)-2022年普通高中学业水平合格性考试专项复习(河北省)(解析版)
必修第三册模块检测(二）-2021-2022年度学业水平合格考试一、单项选择题（本题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分，每小题只有一项是正确） 1、关于摩擦起电,下列说法正确的是( ) A.丝绸摩擦过的玻璃棒带正电,丝绸得到了电子 B.毛皮摩擦过的橡胶棒带负电,毛皮得到了电子C.毛皮摩擦过的橡胶棒带负电,是因为橡胶棒产生了负电荷D.丝绸摩擦过的玻璃棒带负电,毛皮摩擦过的橡胶棒带正电【解析】用丝绸摩擦玻璃棒后,丝绸得到电子带负电,玻璃棒失去电子带正电;用毛皮摩擦橡胶棒后,毛皮失去电子带正电,橡胶棒得到电子带负电,而不是产生了负电荷。
故A 正确,B 、C 、D 错误。
【答案】A2、真空中有两个点电荷，它们之间的静电力为F .如果保持它们所带的电荷量不变，将它们之间的距离增大为原来的2倍，则它们之间作用力的大小等于( ) A ．F B ．2F C.F 2D ．F 4【解析】由F ＝k q 1q 2r 2，知F ∝1r 2，当r 增大为原来的2倍时，F 变为原来的14，选项D 正确．【答案】D3、一个检验电荷在电场中某点受到的电场力为F ，这点的电场强度为E ，在下图中能正确反映q 、E 、F 三者关系的是( )【解析】电场中某点的电场强度由电场本身的性质决定，与放入该点的检验电荷及其所受电场力无关，A 、B 错误；检验电荷在该点受到的电场力F ＝Eq ，F 与q 成正比，C 错误，D 正确。
【答案】D4、如图所示，各电场中A 、B 两点电场强度相同的是( )【解析】 电场强度是矢量，若两点的电场强度相同，必须是大小相等，方向相同．故只有C 正确． 【答案】 C5、如图所示，在点电荷电场中的一条电场线上依次有A 、B 、C 三点，先把＋q 的试探电荷依次放在三点上，然后把－q 的试探电荷依次放在三点上，关于电荷的电势能的说法正确的是( )A ．放上＋q 时，E p A >E pB >E pC B ．放上＋q 时，E p A <E p B <E p C C ．放上－q 时，E p A >E p B >E p CD ．无论放＋q ，还是－q ，E p A <E p B <E p C【解析】 沿电场线方向，电势逐渐降低，则φA >φB >φC ，又由电势定义式φ＝E pq 可知，对正电荷有E p A >E p B >E p C ，对负电荷有E p A <E p B <E p C ，故A 项对．【答案】 A6、如图所示，A 、B 是一条电场线上的两点，一带正电的点电荷沿电场线从A 点运动到B 点，在这个过程中，关于电场力做功的说法正确的是( )A ．电场力做正功B ．电场力做负功C ．电场力不做功D ．电场力先做正功后做负功【解析】 正电荷的受力方向与电场线方向相同，则从A 到B 电场力做正功，选项A 正确． 【答案】 A7、一平行板电容器两极板之间充满云母介质，接在恒压直流电源上．若将云母介质移出，则电容器( ) A ．极板上的电荷量变大，极板间电场强度变大 B ．极板上的电荷量变小，极板间电场强度变大 C ．极板上的电荷量变大，极板间电场强度不变 D ．极板上的电荷量变小，极板间电场强度不变【解析】平行板电容器电容的表达式为C ＝εr S 4πkd ，将极板间的云母介质移出后，导致电容器的电容C变小．由于极板间电压不变，据Q ＝CU 知，极板上的电荷量变小．再考虑到极板间电场强度E ＝Ud ，由于U 、d 不变，所以极板间电场强度不变，选项D 正确．【答案】D8、如图所示是匀强电场中的一组等势面，每两个相邻等势面的距离是25 cm ，由此可确定电场强度的方向及大小为( )A ．竖直向下，E ＝0.4 N/CB ．水平向右，E ＝0.4 N/C C ．水平向左，E ＝40 N/CD ．水平向右，E ＝40 V/m【解析】 题图为一组等差等势面，电场方向垂直等势面且指向电势低的方向，故场强方向水平向右，E ＝U d ＝10 V 0.25 m＝40 V/m.【答案】 D9、电路中有一电阻，通过电阻的电流为5 A ，当通电5分钟时，通过电阻横截面的电子数为( ) A.1 500个 B.9.375×1019个 C.9.375×1021个D.9.375×1020个【解析】q ＝It ，n ＝q e ＝Ite ＝9.375×1021个。
(外研版)高中英语必修三：模块质量测评【2】(含答案)
模块质量测评二(Module 2)(时间：100分钟满分：120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节：(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
AMany visitors to the United States find that the fast pace at which people move is very troubling. One's first impression is likely to be that everyone is in a rush. City people always seem to be hurrying to get where they are going. And they are very impatient if they are delayed even for a brief moment.At first this may seem unfriendly to you: people will push past you as they walk along the street. You will miss smiles and brief conversations with people when you shop or dine in a restaurant. Do not think it is because A mericans are in such a hurry that they are unfriendly. Life is often much slower outside the big cities, which is true in other countries as well.Americans who live in cities such as New York, Chicago, or Los Angeles, often think that everyone is equally in a hurry to get things done. But when they discover that you are a stranger, most Americans become quite kind and will take great care to help you.1．In American big cities, people rarely______.A．smile to each otherB．move at a fast paceC．chat with each other in a shopD．dine away from home2．Which of the following statements i s TRUE according to the passage?A．Life pace is different inside and outside big cities.B．Life pace is quite slow in other parts of the world.C．Life pace is the same in different parts of the world.D．Life pace is similar in American cities, big or small.3．It seems that Americans are cold to you because they think______.A．you are a foreignerB．you know their way of lifeC．you are as busy as they areD．you are a stranger there答案与解析：1．解析：细节理解题。
2018-2019学年高中英语外研版必修三习题： 模块综合检测2(Modules 3—4) Word版含答案
模块综合检测(二)(Modules 3—4)(时间：100分钟；满分：120分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)ASPECIAL EVENTS THIS WEEKENDCaptain Good FellowDo your children enjoy interesting stories，funny games，and exciting dances? Captain Good Fellow will be ready to teach all these things to children of all ages at the City Theatre on Saturday morning at 10：00.Free.Walking Tour of the TownForget your worries on Saturday morning.Take a beautiful walk and learn about local history.Meet at the front entrance of City Hall at 9：30.Wear comfortable shoes!Films at the MuseumTwo European films will be shown on Saturday afternoon at the Museum Theatre.See Broken Window at 1：30.The Workers will be at 3：45.For further information，call 4987898.International PicnicAre you tired of eating the same food every day? Come to Central Park on Saturday and enjoy food from all over the world.Delicious and not expensive.Noon to 5：00 pm.Take Me out to the BallgameIt's October，and tonight is your last chance to see the Redbirds this year.Get your tickets at the gate.It might be cold；don't forget sweaters and jackets.Do You Want to Hear “The Zoo”“The Zoo”，a popular rock group from Australia，will give their first US concert tomorrow night at 8：00 at Rose Hall，City College.【语篇解读】本文介绍了周末将要进行的特殊活动。
人教版高一必修三模块综合测评卷(二)
人教版高一必修三模块综合测评卷（二）学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、现代文阅读阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
最近，一款在线浓缩知识文库悄然走红。
一套大部头的作品，在线文库可以给你浓缩成最精华的句子，让你在最短的时间里完成对整本书概览性质的阅读。
不少人表示，这样阅读节省了很多时间。
但也有人提出了反对意见：一页一页翻书通读的乐趣再也找不回来了。
“浓缩书”，说白了就是给书做笔记，把最精华的部分画出重点来，让读者得以快速把握全书内容。
这听起来像是个新概念，但我们或许早有接触。
举个通俗的例子，网上经常有人炒作的“状元笔记”，其实就是针对教材及老师所讲授的课堂知识的“浓缩书”。
但大家也都清楚，绝对不是买了“状元笔记”就能成为状元，“状元笔记”也无法替代上课与教材，它只是个人对学习方法及思路的总结，不一定适合每个人。
对于“浓缩书”来说，道理也是如此。
“浓缩书”的原作多是具有深厚影响力的名著，为我们画重点的毕竟不是作者，作为知识中介，固然可以给你描述、推荐书籍的精彩之处，但是书的全貌如何，恐怕还是需要自己去体会。
更何况，知识中介对全书的理解是否到位、对精髓的把握是否准确，这些都要暂时先打个问号。
而即便是原作者来给书进行摘要浓缩，做的也是留下全“骨架”、剔除内容“血肉”的工作，也会让阅读的乐趣大幅下降。
这就好比一个人为了提高吃饭的效率，不吃丰盛的肉类、水果、蔬菜，直接喝营养液，吃维生素片——吃饭变成枯燥单调的营养摄取，而丢失了享受美味的乐趣和饮食文化的内涵。
当然，“浓缩书”的出现是有其必然性的。
现代人工作、生活节奏普遍加快，拿出完整的几个小时来安静地读书，很多时候已成奢念。
在这种情况下，与其不读书，还不如利用碎片化的时间读几本“浓缩书”，至少能做到开卷有益，让人保持获取知识的积极心态，而不至于在无意义的娱乐中消磨时间。
从长远来看，人们如果看了“浓缩书”，对原著产生兴趣，可能就会产生将原作拿出来看的动力，这不失为一个在浩如烟海的知识出版物中甄别筛选的有效方法，对于培养多读书、读好书的社会风气也大有神益。
英语必修三2模块试题答案
英语必修三2模块试题答案选择题1. The new shopping mall is reported to be ______ in a year's time.A. to be completedB. completedC. completingD. to complete答案：A2. He ______ in the library when I got there yesterday afternoon.A. readsB. readC. was readingD. is reading答案：C3. The movie was so exciting that the audience couldn't help ______.A. to cheerB. cheeringC. to have cheeredD. cheered答案：B4. I don't think it is necessary for you to ______ your homework tonight; you can do it tomorrow.A. completeB. completedC. completesD. completing答案：A5. The teacher asked the students to ______ their books before leaving the classroom.A. put awayB. give upC. turn overD. take off答案：A阅读理解Passage 1A new study has found that listening to music while doing exercise can improve performance. Researchers hadparticipants work out with different types of music, without music, and with a podcast. The results showed that those who listened to music burned more calories and felt less tired than those in the other groups. The type of music that seemed to work best was fast-paced music with a beat that matchedthe pace of the workout.Questions:6. What did the study find about the effect of music on exercise?A. It made people feel more tired.B. It slowed down the workout pace.C. It improved exercise performance.D. It had no noticeable effect.答案：C7. How did the study measure the effectiveness of music?A. By counting the number of participants.B. By measuring the calories burned.C. By matching the music beat to the workout pace.D. By comparing different workout types.答案：BPassage 2The local zoo has recently introduced a new conservation program aimed at protecting endangered species. The program includes educational initiatives for visitors and support for field research projects. One of the key elements of the program is the establishment of a special fund that will provide financial assistance for conservation efforts. The zoo hopes that this program will not only help save endangered animals but also raise public awareness about theimportance of biodiversity.Questions:8. What is the main goal of the new conservation program?A. To educate visitors about endangered species.B. To support field research projects.C. To raise funds for conservation efforts.D. To promote the zoo's activities.答案：C9. Which of the following is NOT part of the program?A. Educational initiatives.B. Financial assistance for conservation.C. Raising public awareness.D. Introducing new animal exhibits.答案：D完形填空One day, a young boy was walking along the beach when he noticed thousands of starfish (海星) washed up on the shore. He began picking them up one by one and 10. ______ them back into the ocean. An old man看见了 the boy and asked him why he was doing this since there were so many starfish that it seemed an impossible task to make a difference.The boy 11. ______ a starfish, looked at it, and said, "It makes a difference to this one." The old man was 12. ______.He realized that even small actions can have a significant impact.The story teaches us that every effort counts, no matter how 13. ______ it may seem. We should not 14. ______ the power of doing something, no matter how small, because it can 15.______ a change.10. A. throwingB. catchingC. savingD. dropping答案：C11. A. holdingB. pointingC. kickingD. carrying答案：A12. A. surprisedB. confusedC. amusedD. angry答案：A13. A. difficultB. easyC. insignificantD. important答案：C14. A. ignoreB. embraceC. expectD. forget答案：A15. A. preventB. createC. destroyD. avoid答案：B翻译题请将以下句子翻译成中文：1. Despite the heavy rain, the marathon runners continued to race, showing their determination and passion for the sport.2. The new policy aims to reduce pollution and improve the quality of the environment in urban areas.3. It is essential to maintain a balanced diet and engage in regular physical exercise for good health.4. The museum exhibition features a collection。
必修三模块综合评价(二)(岳麓版必修3)
必修三模块综合评价（二）一、选择题（本大题共30个小题，每小题2分，共60分。
每小题的选项中，只有一项答案是正确的）1．青年时期的钱伟长在美国大使馆填写签证表的宗教信仰一栏目时，钱先生说：“我没有宗教信仰”，美国官员说：“没有是不行的，你就填信仰孔教吧。
”这件事情说明（）A．外国人一直把儒教当成中国的国教 B．中国以外的世界，把儒家视为一种宗教C．儒家应当积极参与世界宗教对话 D．儒教或曰孔教就是中国人的宗教2．1999年，在每年一届的曲阜国际孔子文化节召开前夕，以生产“孔府”牌系列香烟享誉国内的滕州卷烟厂，独具慧眼、抓住良机，隆重推出了一枚“纪念孔子诞辰2550周年”烟盒，引起了广大烟标收藏者的关注。
下列与该烟标有关的史实，正确的一项是（）A．孔子是战国时期著名思想家，其思想体系的核心是“仁”和“礼”B．孔子思想在当时并未受到重视，但其后一直是中国社会的主流思想C．孔子主张“有教无类”，认为人人都有受教育的权利D．孔子的著作有《诗》《书》《礼》《易》《乐》《春秋》《论语》等3．下面是朱熹为湖南岳麓书院的题字，这些题字反映了（）①儒家思想有人自身修养的重要内容②书院注重学习个人品德的养成③儒家传统道德是维护封建统治的重要工具④理学的伪善和欺骗性A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②③④4.与四大发明促进了欧洲封建主义向资本主义转变一样，儒家思想也曾在欧洲资产阶级革命时代备受启蒙思想家的推崇，他们主要是挖掘和改造了儒家思想中的( )A．躬行有教无类的教育观 B．主张渐进改良的历史观C．富于人文精神的政治观 D．强调贵贱有序的阶级观5．“万物的存在与否，全在人的感觉。
一阵风吹过，有人感觉到冷，有人感觉到凉爽。
难受与惬意，全在于人的感觉。
”提出上述观点的哲学家是（）A．普罗塔哥拉 B．苏格拉底 C．伏尔泰 D．王阳明6．18世纪英国学者亚当·斯密英国古典经济学的主要代表人物之一，在代表作《国富论》中他阐明了资本主义工商业的重要性，以下与他的观点最接近的见解是（）A.“从字义通经义，从经义通义理”B.君主专制是“天下之大害”C.“工商皆民生之本”D.“天下兴亡，匹夫有责”7．希腊神话故事里，有一个叫斯芬克斯的怪兽。
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25. 19世纪发表的《共产党宣言》和《物种起源》， 对欧洲思想界产生了巨大的冲击，这两者都 ①借鉴了前人的成果 ②是近代自然科学领域重大成就 ③对当时传统观念提出了挑战 ④对中国历史进程产生重要影响 A．①③④ B．①④ C．①③ D．②③④ 26. 有同学以“改变时空的发明”为标题，绘制一 张表格，列出交通运输、电信技术、计算机技术 方面的重要发明成果。下表中比较全面反映主题 内容的一组是： A 火车 轮船 汽车 相对论 B 蒸汽机 电报 电灯 电车 C 电动机 电影 电视 电脑 D 飞机 电话 电报 互联网
23. 如果说启蒙运动在经济领域中的主要口号是自 由放任——让人民做他们愿意做的事；在宗教方 面，主要口号是“砸烂可耻的东西”，即消灭宗 教的狂热和不容异说。那么，启蒙运动的思想家 们在政治方面的关键性用语当属 A．主权在民 B．社会契约 C．三权分立 D．开明专制 24. “要有勇气运用你自己的理智！这是启蒙运动 的口号。”康德对启蒙运动的最大贡献是 A．提出思想自由 B．强调人为中心 C．倡导理性至上 D．批判专制主义
29. 如果我们要了解图中这一美术作品，应该查阅下列哪部 著作？ A．《世界漫画大师笔下的造型》 B．《华丽的回归：文艺复兴的辉煌与荣耀》 C．《一战秘史：鲜为人知的1914—1918》 D．《反传统的艺术革命：现代主义美术》 30. 二战结束后许多历史学家认为：历史学必须从文字档案 和文字档案造成的限制中解放出来，必须利用人类的一切 创造物——语言、符号、农村的证据、土地制度、项圈等 一切其他可利用的史料，广泛吸收其他学科——地理学、 经济学、社会学、人类学的成果和方法。同时，又要防止 把自己分割成许多各行其是的“专门化”部门。根据材料 和所学知识可看出正确的一项 A．扩展历史学的研究领域、扩大历史学家的视野 B．历史研究由个体劳动，变成了集体劳动 C．作为现代的历史学家必须把握某一时空的“总体”趋势 D．提出了坚持传统的历史研究方法
3. “令侍中儒者皮弁缙绅，射牛行事。……天子皆亲拜见， 衣上黄而尽用乐焉。江淮间一茅三脊为神藉。五色土益杂 封。纵远方奇兽禽及白雉诸特，颇以加祠……皆至泰山而 然后去。”《史记》中关于汉武帝封禅的这段记载反映了 A．孔子恢复周礼的主张完全实现 B．儒学偏离了“敬鬼神而远之”的思想 C．儒学始终保持着正统思想的地位 D．囊括天人关系的严密思想体系形成 4. “主父偃说上（汉武帝）曰：‘今诸侯或连城数十，地方 千里。……今诸侯子弟或十数，而适嗣代立，余虽骨肉， 无尺地之封，则仁孝之道不宣。愿陛下令诸侯得推恩子弟 以地，侯之。彼人人喜得所愿……’于是上从其计，亦如 己愿”。上述材料中，主父偃建议的巧妙之处在于 A. 以广建侯国的办法来拱卫中央政权 B. 有利于刘姓政权且抚慰了异姓功臣 C. 以分封王国子弟办法来调整统治者内部关系 D. 以宣扬仁孝之道为由而削弱地方王国的势力
21. 文艺复兴和启蒙运动为近代欧洲的发展奠定了 思想基础，对两者共性的表述正确的有 ①是资本主义工商业发展的产物 ②在近代科学产生的基础上发展起来 ③反对蒙昧，推崇人性 ④设计了未来理想的社会制度 A．①②③④ B．①②③ C．①③ D．②④ 22. 有学者认为：中国在明清时期就出现早期启蒙 思想，欧洲17、18世纪也产生启蒙思想，但前者 是中世纪末期的产物，而后者是近代社会的宣言 书。后者被看成是“近代社会的宣言书”主要是 因为 A．促成了英国光荣革命的爆发 B．使广大人民通过宗教改革接受了思想启蒙 C．规划了资本主义的政治蓝图 D．直接促发了法国大革命
5. 据记载，江南某府的地方志中记录的节妇（丈夫 死后不再嫁的寡妇），宋代有4人，明代有95人， 在清代中叶则达到203人。为旌表节妇各地纷纷 建造贞节牌坊。下列各项中，与这一现象的形成 相关度最高的是 A．女权意识的觉醒 B．理学对全社会影响的深入 C．商品经济的发展 D．战乱和社会动荡加剧 6. 宋代程颢、程颐和张载都强调说，“管摄天下人 心，收宗族，厚风俗，使人不忘本，须是明谱系、 世族与立宗子法。”其主张是基于： A．宗法观念有利于理学的传播 B．宋朝的宗法观念淡薄 C．宋朝有编订族谱的习惯 D．宗法制具有维系社会安定的作用
（1）找出以上材料中不属于原始材料的一项（写出标号）， 并依据材料一概括出儒学的要义。（6分） ②。要义：重教化，重仁义。（6分，各2分） （2）如果要探究材料二中伏尔泰主张“全盘华化”的原因， 该从那儿个方面入手？（6分） 儒家思想的内涵和当时中国的国情；伏尔泰所处的时代以及 个人立场与愿望；耶稣会士传播环节及其影响。（6分， 各2分） （3）据材料三和所学知识，分析维新派对于儒家思想的态 度。（6分） 维新派认为儒家思想所提倡的“三纲五常”与西方的法律精 神是一致的。说明维新派把西方资本主义政治学说与中国 传统儒家思想相结合宣传维新变法。（6分，各3分）
必修三模块测试（二）
1. “所谓不知《春秋》，不能涉世；不精《老》 《庄》，不能忘世；不参禅，不能出世。”从中 可以看出儒家思想的特点是 A．注重以人为本的理念 B．注重研究社会现实 C．着重研究人与自然的关系 D．重视研究人的前世来生 2. 有人说“儒家及老庄皆有政治思想……虽不相同， 然皆从人民之观点，以论政治。……唯法家从 ‘一夫’出发，基本上冲着平民而来”。这主要 是因为当时法家 A．主张加强君主集权，实行严刑峻法 B．宣传天道与自然无为 C．要求以“礼”约束百姓 D．实行控制思想的“焚书坑儒”
17. 近代以来，先进的中国人把人类先进政治思想 与中国民主革命实践相结合，形成的理论是 ①早期维新思想 ②三民主义 ③毛泽东思想 ④邓小平理论 A．②③ B．①② C．②③④ D．①④ 18. 《夫妻识字歌》唱道：“黑格隆冬天上，出呀 出星星。黑板上写字，放呀么放光明。什么字， 放光明？学习，学习二字我认得清。”这段反映 某一历史时期我国扫盲和工农识字教育的材料所 体现的教育方针属于 A．《中国人民政治协商会议共同纲领》 B．毛泽东有关知识青年“上山下乡”的批示 C．邓小平关于教育要“三个面向”的指示 D．《中华人民共和国义务教育法》
31. （26分）阅读材料，结合所学知识回答下列问 题。 材料一 儒家者流，盖出于司徒之官，助人君顺阴 阳明教化者也。游文于六经之中、留意于仁义之 际，祖述尧、舜，宪章文、武，宗师仲尼，以重 其言，于道最为高。——《汉书· 艺文志》 材料二 1688年2月7日，法王路易十四特派五名耶 稣会士到达北京，中法文化交流开始进入一个长 达30年的黄金阶段。耶稣会壬描绘的关于中国光 辉灿烂的图景在法国乃至欧洲都成为轰动一时的 事物，十八世纪是一个“中国世纪”。伏尔泰就 是一个“全盘华化论者”，竞将耶稣画像改易为 孔子像，晨夕礼拜。伏尔泰反对基督教，主张 “没有迷信、没有荒诞传说、没有亵渎理性和自 然的教条”。 ——整理有关资料
27. 某学校举办一次介绍欧洲文化的活动，邀请一些专家学 者来校演讲。讲题包括了：“歌德的诗歌创作”、“拜伦 与希腊民族解放运动”和“雨果的小说艺术”等。为配合 这项活动，学校还安排了一个音乐会，由钢琴家表演一场 “舒伯特之夜”。这次活动的主题，应拟定为（ ） A．启蒙运动的学术 B．文艺复兴时期的文艺 C．现实主义的文化风格 D．浪漫主义的文艺 28. 读书是明史的重要途径。某校高中生读右图所示著作中 可能获知 A．第一部有声电影是德国摄制的《爵士歌手》 B．第一部具备画面、声音和色彩三大要素的影片是美国摄 制《浮华世界》 C．电影是当今影响最大、覆盖面最广的传播工具 D．电影艺术在1927年传入中国
19. 邓小平指出：“如果六十年代以来中国没有原子弹、氢 弹，没有发射卫星，中国就不能叫有重要影响的大国，就 没有现在这样的国际地位。这些东西反映一个民族的能力， 也是一个民族、一个国家兴旺发达的标志。”由此可见， “两弹一星”的研制 ①体现了中国科技进步 ②提高了中国国际地位 ③是实施“科教兴国”战略的成果 ④为维护中国国家安全提供了有力保障 A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 20. 皮科在其《关于人的尊严的演讲》中反复强调，上帝不 仅创造了人和宇宙，而且还让人处于一个中央的位置，使 人容易观察到世界的一切；同时上帝在用其法则去限制其 他一切生灵的本性时，却赋予人自由意志，让人按照自己 的意愿来“自由地发展和塑造自己”。据此判断，皮科应 是 A．文艺复兴时期的思想家 B．宗教改革的领导人 C．启蒙运动时代的思想家
13. “人们多注意1840年的划时代含义，实际上 1860年同样是一个重要的年份，就社会观念的新 陈代谢来说，它比1840年具有更加明显的标界意 义。”能够论证陈旭麓先生这一观点的是 A．形成近代中国第一次思想解放的潮流 B．反映时代脉搏跳动的改革思想日渐增多 C．清廷官僚体系由此开始发生被动转变 D．向西方学习成为精英和民众一致的选择 14. 近代中国人在反思传统文化时，有的人“厌恶 固有文化中之若干缺陷，而从事批判与排除”， 这些人的代表是 A．魏源、林则徐 B．康有为、孙中山 C．陈独秀、胡适 D．毛泽东、邓小平
15. 孙中山曾说：“有了这种以养民为目的的好主义，从前 不好的资本制度便可以打破。但是……不能够马上推翻。” 该段材料表明孙中山 A．揭示了资本主义不公平的根源 B．放弃了资产阶级共和国的信念 C．主张用民生主义改良资本主义 D．接受了社会主义思想 16. 毛泽东曾强调：“对于中国共产党来说，就是要学会把 马列主义的理论运用到中国的今天环境……使马克思主义 在中国具体化。”中共活用“马列主义”体现在 ①发动南昌起义，占领中心城市 ②建立工农武装割据，以农村包围城市，最后夺取全国的政 权 ③运用“一国两制”理论，解决祖国统一大业 ④采用和平赎买政策改造资本主义工商业 A．①②③④ B．②③④ C．③④ D．①③ ④
9. 1930年和1972年，在居延地区（现属于内蒙古西部阿拉 善左旗地区）两次发掘出土汉简30000余枚（如右图）。 居延汉简多是西北边塞烽燧亭鄣的文书档案，其最早的纪 年简为武帝太初三年（公元前102年）最晚者为东汉建武 七年（公元31年）。对上述信息的认识正确的是 A．说明当时纸还未发明出来 B．当时木简仍是重要的书写载体 C．木简上的文字应该都是小篆 D．为便于流传，弃纸而用木简 10. “他们向来主张，研究人类的唯一适当对象就是人本身。 因此，在整个中国历史上，儒家反对对自然进行科学的探 索，并反对对技术作科学的解释与推广。”这主要表明的 是 A．儒家主张研究人类唯有研究人本身 B．儒家认为人与社会、自然不可分离 C．中国古代不重视人自身和科学研究 D．中国古代不重视科技的研究与推广