新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材写作教程第六单元第三部分参考答案
新世纪英语专业本科生综合教程(第二版)第3册 Unit3
children from a friend’s house, where the letter carrier
takes his van up and down every driveway on a street.
Detailed Reading
8 We will go through the most extraordinary contortions to save ourselves from walking. Sometimes it’s almost ludicrous. The other day I was waiting to bring home one of my children from a piano lesson when a car stopped outside a post office, and a man about my age popped out and dashed inside. He was in the post office for about three or four minutes, and then came out, got in the car and drove exactly 16 feet (I had nothing better to do, so I paced it off) to the general store next door.
mobility, rugged individualism and masculine force.
Text Analysis Structural Analysis
“Out of Step” is an exposition that presents the absurdity of the Americans’ dependence on cars. The Americans, being so accustomed to using cars, have almost forgotten the existence of their legs. Wherever they go, they go in their cars. As a result, pedestrian facilities are neglected in city planning or rejected by the inhabitants.
新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材修订综合教程册Unit6的课后题答案
Text Comprehension
1. B 2. T F T T T
Text Comprehension 3
1. The problem with poetry is that people find it too difficult to write a poem, so they don’t even try. And even worse, they have virtually given up reading poems. The author believes that people can be encouraged to write a poem very easily, even if the poem is really rotten.
4. When you are writing a poem, it will be an accomplishment, so you may feel free to read the works of your fellow poets. You will perhaps find some inspiration from their poems and therefore continue writing your poems and for this purpose keep observing the emotions of yourself and others.
1. unfamiliar/ strange 2. fellowship/ brotherhood 3. lower/ degrade 4. exceptional/ excellent 5. caress/ hug/ embrace 6. unrealistic/ impractical 7. skilled/ expert/ proficient/ successful 8. product/ composition
新世纪大学英语综合教程3第六单元课后习题答案
新世纪大学英语综合教程3第六单元课后习题答案新世纪大学英语综合教程3第六单元课后习题答案及汉语翻译Unit 61)― I regret to inform you that there’s nothing we can do to help you.― But I think you should have told us earlier.2) How envious I am that he can attain whatever he desires while I can’t.3) She’s not beau tiful, but I find her very attractive because she seems so full of life and fun.4) He snatched the photos from my hand before I had a chance to look at them.5)I prefer to take a bus rather than drive to work since the price of petrol is soaring .6) It’s difficult for us to nterpret these statistics without knowing how they were obtained.7) Smith wasn’t at his best; therefore, he was substi tuted in the second half of the match.8) Our friendship is strictly spiritual; we never seek material benefits from each other.9) All details concerning the event are to be taken into consideration and nothing will be regarded as trivial .10) The doctors came to the conclusion that the patient’s blindness was temporary and he’d be able to see again after some treatment.11) I want a thermometer that has two scales marked on it, one in Fahrenheit (华氏温度)and the other in Centigrade.12) The teachers in the training center are making great efforts to cultivate in their students the habit of speaking English.13) She wanted to buy those two expensive dresses, but I said it would be too extravagant to buy both of them.14) My parents offered me an amount of money adequate to purchase an apartment, but I’ve decided to buy one myself.短语1.― You always look fit. How do you manage it?― I work out in the gym two hours every day.2) You didn’t do anything wrong. You should have a clear conscience .3) We missed the last bus; so there was no choice other than to walk home.4) Whether you accept it or not, we must all die some day: it’s just a fact of life .5) ―Didn’t you find the film exciting?―On the contr ary, I nearly fell asleep half way through it!6) I still cried over his misfortune and prayed for him even though he’d hurt me sodeeply.7) The old lady lives alone; some of her nephews drop by to see her occasionally.8)Last night Robin didn’t walk but drove to the pub in order to show off his new car.9) No one should be looked down on because of his origin, appearance or感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。
新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材[修订版]_综合教程3_课后答案解析[新][全]
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Unit 1• 1. I planned to be observant and silent so that nobody would notice that I was a freshman.• 2. For three days, I ate a mixture of junk food by myself. I got the food from a machine placed outside my dorm as if to meet my needs.• 3. It did n’t matter whether you were widely liked or not; you did not have to follow other people so as to be accepted by everybody else.• 1. I had just the feeling of a newcomer to college without the strength only an experienced student might possess. • 2. My apparent confidence• 3. Some food to appease my hunger• 4. Going with the tide of the majority was no longer crucial to your success in college• 5. Foolish and glaring mistakes•II.Distress; clutched; pose; sneaked; preoccupation; shackles; curse; deliberation•III.Assure; discretion; relaxation; humiliate; strategy; embarrassment; maneuverable; maturity•IV.Lived up to; headed for; seek out; has broken out; grope for; trying …on; go out to; tipped off•V.1.vague/indistinct; 2.carefully/meticulously;3.self-restraint/self-control;4.clever/intelligent/sensible;5.manner/behaviour;6.excited/agitated;7.sneak;8.mature/sophisticated•VI.Became popular; respect; keep up; lead to; understand; found;use; startI.Rewrite the following...●1.My decision to resign was wise.●2. Their readiness to accept the peace agreement really surprised the diplomatic world.●3. My determination to pass the test helped me.●4. Her failure to get into college disappointed her parents.●5. My willingness to cooperate was appreciated.●6. His refusal to help surprised me.●7.The proposal that we should import more equipment is to be discussed at the meeting.●8. Who can have told you that puzzles me.●III DBCC; ABDB;●IV. 1. I spent the afternoon seeking out each of my classrooms so that I could make a perfectly timed entrance before each lecture.●2. He wore glassed and a false beard so that nobody would recognize him.●3. The stranger spoke very slowly so that I could understand what he said.●4. She locked the door so that she would n’t be disturbed.●5. John whispered so that others could n’t hear him.●6. Please arrive early so that we can start the meeting on time.●7. John has bought a bicycle so that he may save money on bus travel.●8. The lecturer showed some slides so that he might illustrated his point.●V.1-5 although/though; yet; however/though; however/nevertheless/though; 5.although/though;still/nevertheless; 6. despite/in spite of; 7.although/though; 8. however; 9. however; 10 despite/in spite of;●1. It distressed me a great deal to hear the news that he had suffered repeated failures.●2. He assumed an air of cheerfulness, even though he lost favor with his boss.●3. Gulliver met with extraordinary adventures and saw a strange assortment of people.●4. He will be furious with you if you repeat the same mistake.●5. We were all greatly drawn by his frank views, humorous words and genial manner.●6. After the thunderous applause die down, the Nobel Prize winner began his speech.●7. He is gifted with a sort of insight and foresight, so he rarely runs with the crowed.●8. I feel realities are after all very harsh, so one can hardly live up entirely to his ideals.●III.我上大学的头几天颇为难忘。
新世纪大学英语写作练习试题参考答案(1-6单元)
Unit IWrite a passage in about 120 words, taking either of the following titles:1)why I like to learn English2)why I hate to learn EnglishSample Essay1) Why I Like to Learn EnglishI have learned English for about seven years. I should say that I am highly motivated to (非常有动力去)master English. First of all, learning English us useful, as it is becoming a world language and people from different countries often communicate with one another in English. If I am good at English, it will be much easier for me to communicate with them. Secondly, I like traveling a lot, a good mastery of English will make things much easier for me when traveling around the world. Finally, I like literature a lot. If I am very good at English, I can read great works by Shakespeare and Dickens and many other English writers instead of reading the translated versions（翻译版）. So I think I will work ever harder to learn English well.2)Why I hate to learn EnglishI have learned English for about seven years. I should say the more I learn English, the more Ihate it. First of all, learning English is boring. I have to memorize （记住）many new words or rely on a dictionary to frequently check unknown words. Doing so wastes a lot of my precious time. Secondly, I don’t understand why we have to learn a foreign language. I don’t want to go abroad and I can always find a job that doesn’t need English in China. Finally, I can always read translated versions of the books I want to read. So if I d on’t have to learn English. I would rather use the time I spend on English to do things I like.Unit 2In about 100-120 words, write about a conflict you once had with your parents. You can start with either of the following opening.1)I was very unhappy with my mother/father the other day…..2)I was grateful (感激的) that my mother/father criticize me the other day……Sample writing:1）I was very unhappy with my father the other day. He must have called out to me for help with some housework, but I was so absorbed in reading（沉迷于,专注于、、、）that I didn’t hear him. He stepped into my room, apparently in anger, grabbed(抓起) mybook and threw it on the floor. I got upset and insisted that he should pick it up andapologize to me. When he remained silent, I ran our and went off to play games withmy friends in the neighborhood（家庭所在的街区）. When it was turning dark, I sawmy father looking around for me, he patted me on the head and walked back home withe, his arm wrapped around my shoulder. When I got home, I saw my book had“returned” to my reading table.2）I was grateful that my mother criticized me that other day. I had been asking her for money to buy all kinds of things that my friends have-a new pair of shoes or some newclothes. Every time I was refused, I played the same trick(玩同样的把戏)—threatening to（威胁）pour the dish she cooked for the family into the river. My mother gave in each time I threatened to do that, but one day, she criticized me really hard. She scolded me for being selfish (批评我自私自利)and inconsiderate （不会体谅他人）and asked me to sit in a corner and reflect on （反思）my own behavior. I couldn’t believe my mother would be so angry with me and I grew afraid, I learned a good lesson and changed a lot afterwards. I was thankful that my mother made me realize my mistake.Unit 31)Describes a few of your own personality traits, then identify your favorite colorand see if the descriptions of the color in ext B match your personality or not?Sample essay:I have been described by many friends as a warm, sociable, and outgoing extravert外向型的）. I find it easy to make new friends and I enjoy the company（陪伴）of people who share similar characteristics as I. When I am at a party, many people including those I do not know, will talk to me. I am not a great beauty, neither am I rich and intelligent. In fact, I am just a very simple person who is happy and smiles a lot. Maybe being happy is the attraction, I like bright colours, especially red. It is said that people who like red are passionate and have a lot of energy. I agree that I am enthusiastic about(对、、、很热衷) many things and like doing many things at he same time. So it seem there is some truth after all in what color says about a person’s personality2)Think of the person you admire most, Write two personality traits that you likemost about this person. Remember to give an example for each personalitytraits.Sample EssayThe person I admire most is my father’s younger brother. He is known to us as ba shu because he is the eighth son in a family of eleven. He is a high achiever(志存高远).Since young, he has done well in his studies and work. For example, he received a prestigious（优等的）scholarship （奖学金）to study at a well-known medical school in England. Today, at the age of 62, he is still as outstanding. He is a well-respected surgeon and has won many awards（获得奖励）. What I like most about ba shu Iis his sensitive nature, especially towards children who are born unlucky. He has volunteered his time and made sacrifices to（为、、、、作出牺牲）help those in poor and developing countries. His strong desire to bring happiness to these people has impressed me a lot.3）Imagine that you had been given a wish to change your life. Write about two personality traits that you would like to have and give your reasons.Sample EssayIf I were given a wish to have two personality traits, I would choose to be an optimistic and creative person. I would like to be an optimistic person because those who are optimistic are usually satisfied and contented with (对、、、满意)what they have. They seldom let sadness be a part of their life. I want to be happy and being optimistic is one way to remain happy. I also would like to be creative. I think thatcreativity is inherited.Some may disagree and say that we can learn to be creative.However, no matter how hard one learns, it is those born with the talent of creativity who will make a great name for(成就名声) themselves like the famous poet Li Bai and the richest man in the world, Bill Gates.4）Write about a person whom you dislike most and give one or two reasons or example why you dislike him or her so much.Sample EssayThere is no one person I dislike most but there are a couple of personality traits that I cannot tolerate(忍受): aggressiveness( 有攻击性的，很强势的) and selfishness.Aggressive people do not consider others’feelings and will not think twice about hurting even those closest to them. I once had a neighbor who would beat his wife one day and appear loving the next. His wife lived I fear constantly but could do nothing because he was in control of her, another personality trait I dislike is selfishness. Like aggressive people, selfish people only think of themselves. There are many everyday examples of selfishness such as those not willing to lend things to others and those not wanting to share exam tips even with their best friends. If you know someone with a combination of aggressiveness and selfishness you should consider whether to call him or her a friend.Unit 4 Write a short passage of about 100-120 words on the topic:living in a Nursing Home : A Plan for the Future?”.Sample Essay:Thanks to medical advances(医疗进步) and better living conditions, most of us can live longer. The issue of where we will stay when we get to old has become a concern for（成为大家关心的问题）everyone. I did a survey last week on “ Are you willing to go and live in a nursing home when you grow old?”. Of the ten people surveyed, seven said”yes”. According to them, living in a nursing home would enable them to meet people of similar ages, get instant medical care, and have their meals and laundry taken care of. The three who don’t want to stay in a nursing home think living in a nursing home would make them feel lonely and abandoned on the one hand and would have their privacy intruded (侵犯)upon on the other. Nonetheless, the survey does suggest that more people would be willing to live in a nursing home in the future.Unit51) In about 100-120 words, write about an incident of misunderstanding betweenyou and your mother/father. Tell us about how it all started and what happened in the end.Sample essayOne afternoon, I was wandering along（闲逛）the main street of our small town with a friend. Suddenly I saw my mother. She was behaving very strangely. She looked around before going quickly into a shop. When she came out, she had a box in her hand. I was terrified; I knew some of my villagers resorted to（求助于）theft because they were poor.The thought that my mother could be one of them drove me crazy. I was determined to (决心去) find out the truth form her. When I questioned her, tears filled her eyes. She told me she was collecting beer cans from some kind shop owners who offered them to her, but would feel embarrassed if she was seen by others. I cried and hugged her and felt sorry that I had misunderstood my own mother.3)In about 100-120 words, describe the similarities and differences in the way your fatherand mother show their love for you. Be sure to give examples.Sample EssayMy parents differ greatly in showing their love for me. while my mother appears more anxious and depressed if anything goes wrong with me, my father tends to be silent and expresses his concern for me mainly through actions rather than words. I still remember the day when I left home for university. When my mother was in tears and kept giving me endless advice, my father remained silent. But when he saw an ice-cream man on the platform(月台), he rushed towards him and got me an ice-cream just before the train started to move. I learned from my mother later that father locked himself up in his room after returning home and cried for the first time in his life. I never expected that my departure（离开）would trigger（引起）such an emotional response from my father.Unit6Sample Essay1）I like Christmas because the festive atmosphere （节日气氛）created by the occasion is so overwhelming（铺天盖地）. You can see pretty seasonal decorations everywhere, Christmas lights, flowers, and pictures of Father Christmas with a smiling face. You may even meet a “real” Father Christmas on the street busy handing our candies to kids. The atmosphere does lift everybody’s spirits, since joy and excitement seem to be contagious（有感染力的）;everyone around us looks happier and is more patient with each other during the festive season.We send each other Christmas greetings and give Christmas gifts to our friends and relatives.Even friends who have not been in constant touch a lso” appear” again at this time to send their regards.2）I don’t like Christmas because today’s Christmas has been entirely commercialized. Shops try all sorts of tricks to attract customers, by putting up fanciful Christmas decorations, by offering seasonal discounts and even by asking somebody to play Father Christmas to give out gifts. Behind all the smiles and the beautiful decoration, I do not care of a spirit of giving. I only see one word, which is “profit”. Everybody does Christmas shopping at this time to get Christmas gifts for their family members or friends. As for me, I believe it is more important to show care and concern for my family members and friends all year round than just give them a “once a year’Christmas gift.。
新世纪高等院校英语专业综合教程部分答案,新
Unit 1Exercise I1.I had just the feeling of a newcomer at college without the strength amature student might possess2.my apparent confidence3.some food to appease my hunger as well as my anxiety4.going with the tide was no longer crucial to one’s success5.foolish and glaring mistakes.Exercise III1.assure2.discretion3.relaxation4.humiliate5.strategy6.embarrassment7.maneuverable8.immaturityexercise IV1.lived up to2.headed for3.seek out4.has broken out5.groped for6.trying on7.go out to8.tipped offtranslation1.it distress me a great deal to hear the new that he had suffered repeatedfailures.2.he assumed a air for cheerfulness, even though he lost favor with hisboss.3.Gulliver met with extraordinary adventures, and saw a strangeassortment of people.4.he will be furious with you if you repeat the same mistake.5.we were all greatly drawn by his frank view, humorous words andgenial manner.6.after cheers and applause died down ,the Nobel Prize winner began hisspeech.7.he is gifted with a sort of insight and foresight, so he rarely runs withthe crowd.8.I feel realities are after all very harsh, so one can hardly live upentirely to his ideals.Unit 3Exercise I1.pleasant/comfortable, practically2.very long3.places of physical exercises4.was made to realize this5.decided not to have coffee and instead to go to the bookstore6.held in mindExercise III1.disagreeable2.eccentricity3.acquainted4.ridicule5.triumphal6.deficiencies7.woefully8.contortedexercise IV1.going about2.going through3.pops out4.pace off5.pulled up6.dug out7.stroll up to8.habituated totranslation1.The university is one of the most venerable institutions of higherlearning in the world.2.if one is deficient in practical experience, he can hardly make himselfa success with only what he has acquired in class.3.I felt exasperated by constant interruptions, for I had to finish writingthe monograph by the end of this week.4.he feels that it is ludicrous to write on a contemporary theme in anancient style.5.the Bund in Shanghai was a place where young couples liked to cometo coo in the 70s and the 80s of the last century.6.his daughter is very sedate for a girl of about ten, for she likes readingmore than playing.7.the couple strolled hand-in –hand along the country road when the sunin its first splendor steeped the earth.8.the poet was commonly considered as an eccentric romantic geniuswhen alive.Unit 4Exercise I1.we would be morally too strict with ourselves to enjoy life2.that made all other questions less significant3.counting fun as the most important quality of life.4.the best example of having fun5.by nothing more than simple exposureExercise III1.insured2.undeserved3.generosity4.benefits5.regrettable6.mirthful7.blasphemy8.reverenceexercise IV1. turn into2. occurred to3. end up4. step up5. pay back6. look forward to7. look for8. managed toUnit 5Exercise I1.very important/shocking2.avoid hurting the other’s feelings / avoid doing something that wouldupset the other person3.telling the truth with a favorable emphasis or slant/modifying the truth4.a course of action which can easily lead to something unacceptable,wrong, or disastrous5.under any circumstances/ whatever might happenExercise III1.unethical2.feigned3.unsparing4.cynical5.confoundedly6.lubricated7.entangled8.willfulexercise IV1.cover up2.blurted out3.set up4.find out5.wear/wore down6.specializes in7.professes toplimented ontranslation1.Hamlet feigned madness when he was hesitating what to do.2.prevarication is one of the techniques this businessman like to employ.3.sometimes the light of the truth is just too dazzling, so white lies areubiquitous.4.many women in American profess that they are unhappy with theirstatus as second-class citizens.5.on the impulse of the moment, he blurted out the secret.6.you should get rid of any prejudice, resist temptations and let nothingwarp your judgment.7.being over-sensitive and imaginative, he often weaves a tangled webin his mind.8.he is very popular among his peers as he always tries to spare othersany trouble.Unit 7Exercise I1.felling very much worried and afraid2.everything I sell could be well deemed as extraordinary3.difficult to notice4.much more lasting than the momentary impulse5.with enthusiasmExercise III1.obscurity2.acquainted3.perceptible4.apprehension5.indifferent6.rapt7.overwhelmingly8.disobligingexercise IV1. save up2. care about3. indulges in4. reach for5. peered about6. deals in7. was substituted8. better offTranslation1.To me, you are definitely more than an acquaintance.2.Many artisans in this region deal in a variety of handicrafts.3.They went into raptures over the unexpected success.4.much to my surprise, he analyzed with extraordinary detachment thedangerous situation that threatened all of them5.She peered at the stranger from behind the curtain.6.During the holidays, he indulged n the luxury of a bath of sunshine onthe beach.7.When she learnt the news of his death, she was overwhelmed withgrief.8.I’m not in favor of buying on the installment plan; instead, I maintainthat everyone of us should save up for a rainy day.Unit 9Exercise I1.emotional strength to do what one believes to be right2.material used to produce power, sth used to keep the body functioning3.lower-class type4.a number of dishes that are serve don after another in an orderly way5.by themselvesexercise III1.disregard2.authoritative3.ubiquity4.desirable5.piquancy6.ceremonially7.gluttonous8.derivationexercise IVe off2.conform to3.derives from4.attend to5.sprung up6.came about7.proceed withvishing ontranslation1.you should have old me in advance that you would further yourstudies in America2.he lavished too much care on his grandchildren3.various new technology industries have sprung up.4.many English words derive from Latin, Greek and French words.5.a philosopher holds that contradictory oppositions are ubiquitous.6.kindness is part and parcel of his nature.7.he possessed phenomenal memory and intelligence.8.he is fastidious about his food and clothes.Unit 14Exercise I1.a person of importance2.unfavorable weather conditions, such as strong winds, heavy rain, andcold, three substantial, nourishing meals3.far more intense than the care for4.generally, on the whole5.the general notion or the rough outlineexercise III1.anonymity2.ferocious3.unpredictably4.leaky5.spoonful6.damnably7.disqualified8.terminateexercise IV1.edging away2.wind up3.run up to4.passing through5.reduced to6.sat up7.move on to8.locked intranslation1.she rummaged through five drawers before she found her weddingring2.somehow if eel he is edging away from his former position, a ratherradical one.3.their newly established company is not running smoothly; the crux ofthe matter lies in lack of funds and expert knowledge.4.over a decade, it has been customary for me to think before I leapwhenever I come across something new.5.he wondered why the donor remained anonymous.6.Bewolf, the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons, describes how ancientpeople waged heroic struggles against the hostile elements.7.he thinks he will be a second Bill Gates, which, to me, is nothing but amere fantasy.8.he does everything well, as he pays sufficient attention to detailsinstead of just relying on broad stokes.。
新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材泛读教程3课后习题答案pretest
新世纪⾼等院校英语专业本科⽣系列教材泛读教程3课后习题答案pretestUnit 1figure——work out想出，算出plod along——read slowly缓慢eyestrain——pain in the eyes眼疲劳cling to——stick to粘着alert——attentive使警觉notion——idea概念potential——hidden ability潜在的，潜⼒的savor——appreciate滋味，⽓味，⾷欲clinic——workship诊所，临床objective——aim客观的Unit2beatniks——unconventional people垮掉的⼀代a hill of beans——anything（not worth a hill of beans⼀⽂不值）flaunt——show off. 炫耀，夸耀aptitude——ability在.....⽅⾯有天赋plead with——ask in a begging way为...辩护; 恳求addled——confused头脑混乱的;腐坏的glee club——singing club欢乐checkered——uneven曲折的,多变的,坎坷的infuriate——anger激怒child prodigy（奇迹）——unusually clever childobscure——unknown模糊的；晦涩的Unit3snap——hasty仓促的,草率的antipathy——dislike反感;厌恶assume——suppose假设aspiration——ambition理想,抱负conviction——belief定罪;确信token——symbol代表,记号,象征trait——characteristic特征perceive——notice感觉,察觉;理解stance——way of standing站姿U5underling——under n.下属,部下 adj. 根本的;含蓄的subscribe——support vt. 签署；赞成；捐助covenant——agreement n. 契约，盟约tribulation——suffering n. 苦难；磨难；忧患fly in the face of——is contrary to 公然违抗;诋毁succumb——given in vi. 屈服；被压垮；死garb——dressed vt. 装扮；穿⾐shed——get rid of vt.散发；流出；摆脱discern——see clearly vt. 识别；领悟，认识Unit 6cosmetics——makeup化妆品luxuries——expensive and unnecessary goods奢侈品exotic——foreign外来的,外国的resort to to——use恢复,还原loan——sum of money lent贷款,借给exploit——utilize开发,开拓. n.功勋assimilate——absorb吸收.同化phonological——pronunciational语⾳学的species——kind物种.种类alien——foreign外国的,外来的 n.外星⼈sensitive——delicate敏感的hysterical——wildly emotional竭斯底⾥的;异常兴奋的U8feminine——womanly adj.⼥性的.阴性的bias——prejudice n.偏见,偏爱segregate——separated vt.使分离;使隔离prohibit——banned vt.阻⽌.禁⽌enforce——carry out vt.强迫;实施,执⾏institute——establish vt.制定.创⽴turn one's back——ignore 不理睬,置之不理superficial——shallow adj.表⾯的,肤浅的spectator——people n.观众,旁观者gear toward——adapted to 适应,迎合了U9arc——flew in a curve n.弧线incense——sweet smell n. ⾹; ⾹味,⾹⽓dwarf——made appear small n.侏儒 vt.使矮⼩stumble——move slowly and heavily vi. 踌躇；失⾜；犯错beckon——attracted vt. 召唤；吸引cavernous——vast and dark adj.⼤⽽深邃的intricate——complicated adj. 复杂的hustle and hustle——busy action 催促astound——astonished vt. 使惊骇；使震惊antique——ancient and valuable n.古董 adj.古⽼的dilemma——difficult choice 困境gourmet——person who is expert in the choice of food n.美⾷家U10intrusion——disturbances n.闯⼊at stake——at risk 在危急关头threshold——doorway n.极限,门槛valid——acceptable adj. 正当的,有效的convert——change v.变成.改变humiliate——made...feel ashamed vt.使...丢脸;羞辱cue——signal n.提⽰,暗⽰,线索seminar——classes for discussion n,研讨会identify——know vt.识别ultimate——final adj.最终的,根本的U11access——means of approachinng n.接近,进⼊cumulative——increasing in quantity adj.积累的estate transaction——business dealing 房地产交易flourish——prosper n.兴旺,炫耀laborious——wearisome adj.艰苦的,勤劳的,费劲的advent——arrival n.到来,出现dues——money paid for membership n.⼿续费,会费,捐款makeshift——substitute n.权宜之计 adj.临时的,凑活的U12materialize--- to become actual fact使具体化thimbleful--- of very small quantity少量effluent --- liquid waste污⽔,废⽓holocaust--- mass murder屠杀congeal---to become cold and solid凝固,凝结pall---- dark covering覆盖;使乏味loom--- to appear as large shape that is not clear正在逼近的the penny dropped--- things become clearshield--- to protect保护,遮蔽runaway--- not being under control of its owner逃⾛cleanse--- to clean the skin of sth or wound净化.使...纯净fetid--- smelling unpleasant臭的U13manifestation——evidence n.显⽰,表现.⽰威活动remedy——cure vt.治疗.纠正classic——typical adj.古典的,传统的alternate——occur by turns vt,交替,轮流subconscious——unintentionally adv.下意识的,潜意识的convey——communicate vt.传达,运输snap out of = get out of 振作elaborate ——careful adj.精⼼制作的;详尽的condemnation——disapproval n.谴责,定罪persist——continue vt.坚持,固执U15subtle——slight adj.微妙的.敏感的.狡猾的. formulate——work out vt.明确表达;规划poll——questioned vt/n.民意检测,投票legislation ——law n.⽴法,法律survey——study n.调查,测量commute——travels regularly vt.交换;减刑champion——support n.冠军,战⼠ vt.⽀持,拥护set in——starting 即将开始divert——use differently vt.转移testimony——proof n.证据,证词parallel——similarities adj.平⾏的,类似的.相同的U17rampant——widespread adj.猖獗的,蔓延的credibility——believability n. 可信性；确实性spawn——created vt.产卵bizarre——strange adj.奇异的(态度,容貌,款式) exhilarate——exciting vt. 使⾼兴，使振奋ignite ——caused vt.使燃烧；使激动rein in——denied 控制,放慢disavow——restraining vt.抵赖.否认highbrow——cultured adj.卖弄学问的;有⽂化的contain——express vt.包含,控制U3admission admit admissible admissiblyreliance rely reliable reliablydefinition define definite definitelyassumption assume assumed/assuming assumedly/assumingly behavior behave behavioral behaviorallyvariety vary various/varied variously/variedlypart/partiality part partial partiallymanager/management manage managerial managerially correlation correlate correlative correlativelyadaption/adaptation adapt adaptive adaptivelyU5assumption assume assumed / assuming assumedly / assumingly acknowledgement acknowledge acknowledged acknowledgedly reflection reflect reflective reflectivelydomination dominate dominant dominantlycategory categorize categorical categoricallyimplication imply implicative implicativelyreassurance reassure reassuring reassuringlydefinition define definite definitelyU6availability avail available Availablyconquest conquer Conquering / conquered Conqueringlyluxury luxuriate luxurious Luxuriouslyorigin originate original Originallyoccurrence occur Occurrentsystem systematize Systematical / systematic Systematically phonology phonological Phonologicallydecision decide Decided/decisive Decidedly / decisivelyvariety vary various Variouslysuperiority superior SuperiorlyU8occupataion, occupy, occupational, occupationallysegregation, segregate, segregateddiscrimination, discriminate, discriminating / discriminatory, discriminatingly / discriminatorily enforcement, enforce, enforceable, enforceablyexclusion, exclude, exclusive, exclusivelyperseverance, persevere, persevering, perseveringlyconviction, convict, convictive, convictivelyamendment, amend, amendablesuperficiality, superficialize, superficial, superficiallyspectator, spectate, spectatorialU10consequence, , consequent / consequential, consequently/consequentially sophisticatiion, sophisticate, sophisticated, sophisticatedlyreference, refer, referable, referablyconversation, converse, conversational, conversationallyspace, space, spatial/spacious, spatially/spaciouslydetachment,detach, detachable/detached, detachably/detachedlyintervention, intervene, interveningtype, typify, typical, typicallyU11information, inform, informative, informativelyspecification, specify, specific, specificallyaddition, add, additional /additive, additionally / additivelyspecialty, specialize, special, speciallynarration, narrate, narrative, narrativelyextension, extend, exxtensive, extensivelyorigin, originate, original, originallyexplosion, explode, explosive, explosivelyambiguity, , ambiguous, ambiguouslyestablishment, establish, establishedU13symptom, symptomize, symptomatic, symptomaticallylonging, long, longing, longinglyaddition, add, additional additive, additionally / additivelymanifestation, manifest, manifest, manifestlydepression, depress, depressed / depressing, depressedly / depressinglyinvariability, , invariable, invariablyseparation, separate, separate, separatelycondemnation, condemn, condemnable, condemnablyimagination, imagine, imaginary, imaginarilyaffection, affect, affecting, afeectinglyU15Prevention, prevent, preventive, preventivelyFederation, federate, federal, federallyInadequacy, , inadequate, inadequatelyDeception, deceive, deceptive, deceptivelyProsperity, prosper, prosperous, prosperouslyLife, live, live/living/aliveEffect, effect, effective, effectivelyEvaluation, evaluate, evaluable /evaluativeResident, reside, residential, residentiallyVision, vision, visional /visionary, visionally / visionarityU17contradiction contradict contradictory contradictorilycenter center central centrallyseduction seduce seductive seductivelynecessity necessitate necessary necessarilyvisibility visualize visible visiblymobilization mobilize mobilizable mobilizably function function functional functionally dominance dominate dominant dominantly selection select selective selectively vocality vocalize vocal vocally。
新世纪大学英语综合教程6 Unit3 答案
Unit 3Increase Your Language ProficiencyWorking with Words and Expressions1.1) bunch 2) addicted 3) abuse 4) reunion 5) suppressed 6) sown 7) venture 8) liberated 9) starved 10) statistics2.1) coupled with2) wondering aloud3) best of all4) close at hand5) crossed his mind6) sit byIncreasing Your Word Power1.2) Years after she lost her baby daughter, she still hardened herself against missing her.3) This child is adorable with a chubby face and bright eyes like lanterns.4) My only childhood memory for my grandfather was that he sat in an armchair and smoked like a chimney.5) With the tender care from his family, he has gained a couple of pounds since his heart transplant surgery.6) You will know how tomatoes grow by sowing a few seeds of them in a pot and watching them closely every day.2.2) There are cats in every room; I don’t know how she can stand it.3) The trial was a great scandal (丑闻) but she bore it all with courage and dignity.4) She seems to be able to tolerate any kind of rude behavior from the students.5) The passengers were furious when being told that they had to endure a nine-hour delay at the airport.6) Tell me what happened. No matter what it is, I can handle it.7) Don’t do anybody wrong, otherwise you’ll find the burden of guilt very difficult to live with.8) I don’t want to stay there for a week on my own, but I suppose I’ll have to grin and bear it.Cloze1)coupled 2) puff 3) glamorous 4) dapper 5) addicted 6)ghettoes 7) insteadTRANSLATIONHer daughter smoked and she felta deep hurt as her mother. She remembered how as a child she sat by, through the years, and watched her father, who smoked like a chimney, wheeze through most of his life feeling half his strength, and she remembered how carefully she ate when she was pregnant, how patiently she taught her daughter how to cross a street safely. She had a feeling of futility when she saw her daughter repeating the mistake of her grandfather.She did not want to see in die family another victory for the tobacco companies, hut she was faced with powerful rivals: the tobacco industry and Hollywood. The two collaborated to win over completely people like her father and made them hopelessly addicted to cigarettes.it is not easy to quit smoking, but things may become easier if smokers realize that smoking is a form of self-battering that also batters those who must sit by, and if we can really make “very home a smo ke-free zone.”WritingA Change in Attitude Makes All the DifferenceMy grandpa, a retired high school teacher of English, is widely considered as a dapper worldly old man, but he has a natural aversion to last food and often makes fun of McDonald’s comme rcials and Kentucky Fried Chicken posters. Years ago when he first saw the McDonald’s advertising slogan: I’m lovin’ it, he criticized the wording as “rubbish English, saying that in educated speech the verb “love” is never used in the progressive tense. Needless to say, he would never venture to go to MacDonald’s for a bite.One day, however, my grandma was hospitalized for a serious case of bronchitis. My grandpa was left unattended. He could only make do with whatever food I could bring home on my way back from school. On one occasion, I brought him MY favorite lunch: McDonald’s hamburgers with French fries, and a coke. He frowned at the food but started eating without a word. He first nibbled around the sides of the burger, and then, holding it in both hands, took a big bite. We ate silently, but 1 kept stealing glances at him, wondering if he liked it at all. When he gulped down the glass of iced coke, I could read in his face a beam of satisfaction.During my Grandma’s absence, I kept bringing home fa st food from McDonald’s. We both knew better than to talk about its advertisingslogans, but I was convinced that the old man began to take to it. One night, as we were watching TV, the old man suddenly came up with a question, “What is this slogan “have it your way’ about?” “It’s the advertising slog an of Burger King,” I told him and then added, “shall I bring you a Burger King for lunch tomorrow?” The old man chuckled and I immediately took the hint. Two weeks later, when my grandma came home from the hospital, looking healthy and strong as ever, we decided to have “a big lunch” to celebrate. My grandpa whispered to me, What about going to McDonald’s? I’m lovin’it!Indeed, a change in attitude makes all the difference.。
(完整word版)新世纪大学英语综合教程3第六单元课后习题答案
Unit 61)— I regret to inform you that there’s nothing we can do to help you.— But I think you should have told us earlier.2) How envious I am that he can attain whatever he desires while I can’t.3) She’s not beau tiful, but I find her very attractive because she seems so full of life and fun.4) He snatched the photos from my hand before I had a chance to look at them. 5) I prefer to take a bus rather than drive to work since the price of petrol is soaring .6) It’s difficult for us t o nterpret these statistics without knowing how they were obtained.7) Smith wasn’t at his best; therefore, he was substituted in the second half of the match.8) Our friendship is strictly spiritual ; we never seek material benefits from each other.9) All details concerning the event are to be taken into consideration and nothing will be regarded as trivial .10) The doctors came to the conclusion that the patient’s blindness was temporary and he’d be able to see again after some treatment.11) I want a thermometer that has two scales marked on it, one in Fahrenheit (华氏温度)and the other in Centigrade.12) The teachers in the training center are making great efforts to cultivate in their students the habit of speaking English.13) She wanted to buy those two expensive dresses, but I said it would be too extravagant to buy both of them.14) My parents offered me an amount of money adequate to purchase an apartment, but I’ve decided to buy one myself.短语1.— You always look fit. How do you manage it?— I work out in the gym two hours every day.2) You didn’t do anything wrong. You should have a clear conscience .3) We missed the last bus; so there was no choice other than to walk home.4) Whether you accept it or not, we must all die so me day: it’s just a fact of life .5) —Didn’t you find the film exciting?—On the contrary , I nearly fell asleep half way through it!6) I still cried over his misfortune and prayed for him even though he’d hurt me so deeply.7) The old lady lives alone; some of her nephews drop by to see her occasionally.8) Last night Robin didn’t walk but drove to the pub in order to show off his new car.9) No one should be looked down on because of his origin, appearance or education.10) She wrote down all the things she planned to do and crossed them off one by oneafter she did them.11) His old radio finally wore out and it was beyond repair. The poor old man had to gowithout it.12) Naturally, people do not like being kept in the dark about anything that has a greatdeal to do with themselves1)我们应该对自己诚实，千万不要被欲望蒙住了双眼，为没有得到的东西而唏嘘哀叹。
新世纪大学英语综合教程第六册1-5单元课后习题答案
Unit 1WORD1)Only when we have weighed all the factors involved can we decide when would be the best time to take action.2)The management invited the employees to voluntarily submit proposals for projects to improve work performance.3)The new students were told that they must register with university before they could claim their grants.4)The club,which claimed to have found a suspicious package that might contain bombs,was still sealed off following a security alert earlier this morning.5)A crowd of people gathered round,outraged by the way the police officers were hitting the two men.6)Extensive conversations with native speakers form an integral part of the English language course in our university.7)In this chapter the author illustrate his marketing theory with lots of first-hand materials from his business career.8)After each group finish their presentation,the rest of the class should critique their performance and vote for the best speaker.EXPRESSION1)You don't need to dress up just to go to the pub--jeans and a T-shirt will do.2)Could you type up the questions and answers from the press conference,please?They are due to be carried in tomorrow's newspaper.3)As the training progressed to the advanced level,most of the students drifted away,while Melanie and several others stayed to the end.4)A group of teenagers put on a musical play about wildlife protection,which attracteda large audience every time they appeared on the stage.5)Economic recovery is already under way and business is becoming brisk again.6)After lying in hospital for two weeks,Jenny was afraid that she had fallen behind with her school work.CLOZEOnline teaching,a relatively recent instructional medium,is becoming more and more popular.At the same time,however,it has brought a lot of challenges to teachers who are used to giving traditional lectures.First of all,there is the challenge of delivering the subject matter via computer in the same enthusiastic,humorous and easy-to-understand way as in a regular classroom.Secondly,the teacher needs to do hours of typing and illustrating to make the subject matter clear for online students.Thirdly,for online education,interaction--with the teacher and with other students--is a more integral element of learning than it is in the classroom.Therefore,it is critical for the students to feel the teacher is always there ready to answer questions,willing to help develop a sense of community built around the subject matter.Finally,some students need the discipline of the classroom to stay involve or else they will fall behind and drift away in an online class as the online class provide too much flexbility.How to keep those students is probably the greatestchallenge to an online class teacher.TRANSLATIONWhen I first came into contact with online teaching, I had questions about the val idity of this instructional medium. I would not know whether the student submitting th e work was the same person who registered for the course.Online teaching also required rethinking how I deliver the subject matter. Withou t face-to-face communication, can I, via computer, make the students feel the same ki nd of enthusiasm and appreciate my sense of humor?My shy daughter’s experience proved to be very inspiring. She never spoke in cl ass, but in the two online courses she took, she dived into discussions and posted her opinions.The online course began and things ran better than I had expected. The students all followed the directions well, and the discussion board was lively. I’ve never met a ny of my students but I got to know them by their work and I saw their learning attitudes develop before my eyes.I found that online education worked best with students who were vcomfortable with the computer and willing to become part of a community built around the subject matter. And it required teachers to be willing to help build that sense of community a nd make the students feel the teacher was always there.UNIT 2WORD1)He was merely a boy;I wouldn't have expected him to understand those abstract formulas.2)Though leading a frugal life,Charles is very generous,contributing time and money to a number of charitable organizations.3)He wasn't the sort of person who kept things for sentimental reasons;he threw them away immediately after use.4)The fire had destroyed most the building,but we managed to salvage a few valuable items.5)He was looking through a pile of old newspaper clippings for the report on the 100th anniversary of the university.6)Reclining in a comfortable chair,David idly flipped through a sports magazine.7)How can you expect an 'A' for this course when you turn in an essay as sloppy as this?8)The project needs to be meticulously planned as we have a tight deadline and only a limited budget.EXPRESSION1)Due to the cleaners strike,the rubbish in my house had been left unattended for days and it began to pile up against the wall.2)I was thinking of giving away those baby clothes of my daughter's,but for sentimental reasons I couldn't bring myself to part with them.3)First apply shampoo to your hair and leave the shampoo for two minutes,then rinse it off with warm water.4)After months of preparation,Kate and her parter finally set up their own printing business.5)I put forward a number of suggestions to improve working efficiency,but the management just toyed with ideas for a while and then rejected them.6)When questioned about the high oil price at present,nearly all interviewees claimed they had been forced to cut down fuel and many reported inconvenience in their lives.7)Have you finished with scissor?We're waiting to have our paper-cutting done.8)Buried in mounds of files,I just wanted to get the whole thing over with sooner so that I could go away and enjoy my holiday with all my heart.9)The global financial crisis is cutting a swath through the country's economy,with companies going bankrupt and individuals cutting down on their expenditure.10)Paul is an easy-going fellow at heart though sometimes he is very harsh and strict with his students.CLOZEThe distinction between neat people and sloppy people boils down to this:neat people are lazier and meaner than sloppy people.For one thing,neat people are bums and clods at heart.They like results and do not care about process.Instead of carrying in their mind's eye a heavenly vision,they just handle everything once and for all and everything that is of no immediate use goes into the trash can.They are incredibly wasteful and put neatness before all else,even economics.By contrast,sloppy people take pains to develop ambitions plans.They may not be neat now but someday they will straighten out the world.Besides,neat people have cavalier attitudes toward everything,including such possessions as family heirlooms.And they are especially vicious with mail.They throw ads catalogs,and coupons into the trash can without opening them.They are so insensitive that people,animals,and things are all one to them.They would toy with the idea of throwing the children out of the house just to cut down on the clutter.On the other hand,sloppy people give loving attention to their possessions and find it impossible to part with anything.TRANSLATIONSloppy people are not really sloppy. It is just that the plan they carry in their mind’s eye is too precise, too stupendous and too perfect to be achieved in this world or the next. They aim too high and wide. They save everything, planning someday to file and order. When they finally set about handling things, sloppy people just can’t bear to part with anything. After hours of work, the place looks exactly the same. So sloppy never get neat.Neat people place neatness above everything else. They like results and don’t care about process. They have cavalier attitudes toward possessions. If anything collects dust, it’s got to go. They are incredibly wasteful. Anything that is not ofimmediate use goes into the trash. They are insensitive and there is no sentimental salvaging of birthday cards or the last letter a dying relative ever wrote. Neat peopleoperate on two unvarying principles: Never handle any item twice, and throw everythi ng away. So the only thing messy in a neat person’s house is the trash can.So neat people are lazier and meaner than sloppy people. The distinction betwee n them is moral.UNIT 3WORD1)Every year George gives his wife Gigi a huge bunch of red roses on her birthday.2)I tried to give up smoking several times before I realized I was addicted to it.3)Young people who abuse drugs regularly often end up as very immature adults because they never learn to cope with their problems.4)After long separation we finally had a family reunion where I saw relatives I hadn't seen for 20 years.5)He catches cold easily because his body's immune system is suppressed by the virus.6)His words have sown the seeds of suspicion in our minds and we are going tore-examine the evidence he has given in court.7)Miss Walker's father had gone bankrupt owing to a failed business venture with his dishonest partners.8)The invention of modern appliances such as washing machines and plug-in conveniences has liberated women from household chores and enabled them to enter the workforce.9)The Smiths adopted a poor little girl who had been starved of affection since her parents died in an accident.10)According to official statistics,there are 58 deaths per 1000 children born in that remote area of the country.EXPRESSION1)A reputation for quality,coupled with very competitive prices,has made these cars very popular.2)Many officials have been wondering aloud about the Prime Minister's competence in handling the current financial crisis.3)You can lose five pounds a week on this diet.And best of all,you never have to feel hungry.4)The doctor advised those with heart problems to put a first-aid kit close at hand the time.5)Several times it had crossed his mind to check on the car,but he never actually did it.6)I'm not going to sit by and watch a man go to prison for something I've done. CLOZETobacco smoking has been a popular practice for centuries.The tobacco industry,coupled with Hollywood movie in which both hero and heroine puff away,has successfully established a glamorous image of smokers.As a result,people take up smoking with the illusion of looking either dapper or fashionable and most ofthem end up hopelessly addicted to cigarettes.In some Third World countries,as in American ghettos and on reservations,money that should be spent for food goes instead to the tobacco companies.Indeed,smoking is nothing but self-poisoning,and watching their loved ones dying of smoking,family members are often overwhelmed with a feeling of futility.Meanwhile,we must feel empathy for the tobacco plant itself.Though for centuries the plant has been venerated by Native Americans as a sacred medicine to heal wounds and cure diseases,it has been captured and abused to enslave the world.And with its true nature suppressed,the tobacco plant has become deadly.Indeed,we should redeem tobacco's soul,restore its self-respect right away and promote the slogan:"Every home a smoke-free zone."TRANSLATIONHer daughter smoked and she felt a deep hurt as her mother. She remembered ho w as a child she sat by, through the years, and watched her father, who smoked like a chimney, wheeze through most of his life feeling half his strength, and she remembere d how carefully she ate when she was pregnant, how patiently she taught her daughter how to cross a street safely. She had a feeling of futility when she saw her daughter r epeating the mistake of her grandfather.She did not want to see in the family another victory for the tobacco companies, but she was faced with powerful rivals: the tobacco industry and Hollywood. The two collaborated to win over completely people like her father and made them hopelessly addicted to cigarettes.It is not easy to quit smoking, but things may become easier of smokers realize th at smoking is s form of self-battering that also batters those who must sit by, and if we can really make “every home a smoke-free zone.”UNIT 4WORD1)Smart and hardworking,Germen seemed destined for a successful career ahead.2)At 31,Peggy feels trap in the boring job of an office secretary and she has a yearning to escape.3)Yesterday a storm blasted the Florida coast with 75 m.p.h.winds and left two tourists missing.4)The couple hardly ever reach an agreement---their conversations often erupt into quarrels and shouting.5)The ballet company's new performance successfully blended tradition and creative innovation,which won great admiration from critics.6)Repeated exam failures had eroded her confidence and exerted an influence onher---she started to skip classes more often.7)Ever since our secretary resigned,our office has been in a state of total chaos.8)Parents are usually inclined to impose their own moral values on theirchildren,which might bring on rebellion from teenagers.9)Some fathers are jealous of the attention a newborn baby receives from its mother,even if they won't admit it.10)I have this strong yearning for open spaces from having lived in a crowed city for too many years.EXPRESSION1)The result of the survey is quite alarming---half the marriages in this country end in divorce.2)Being addicted to betting on horses,he had gambled away most of his inheritance by the time he was thirty.3)We cooked too much for lunch and had to take what was left over for supper.4)Many companies are now suffering from a chronic shortage of funds brought on in recent years by the financial crisis.5)She didn't quarrel with her husband when she found out about his infidelity,but her annoyance showed itself in her look.6)Inflation nibbles away at people's savings and reduces their value considerably.7)To show my affection for the little girl,I bent down and tried to kiss her on the forehead,but she pulled away in time,which made me rather embarrassed.8)As the advancing soldiers closed in on the town,people started running into the underground shelters for safety.CLOZEThe causes for marital despair are varied.Some marriages fail because of the outside weather:pressures such as job loss,illness,care of aging parents and all the other plagues of life may harshly hit marriage.Some other marriages fail because of a changed inner climate.At the tender beginnings of romance,each of us selects with unconscious accuracy a mate who will recreate with us the emotional patterns of our first homes,a mate who will help us rediscover both the psychological happiness and miseries of our past lives.And all marriages rely on the basic myth of meaning everything to each other,of merging together and solving all of life'sproblems.Yet,realities of life erode the visions of marital bliss.Now many marriages fall apart because those in the commitment are unwilling to exercise theself-discipline that marriage requires.Besides,an essential element for a good marriage,i.e.,communication between partners,is often missing.TRANSLATIONMarriage has always been difficult. Why has it become so hard for couples to sta y together in today’s society?On the one hand, our modern social fabric is thin, and the permissiveness of soci ety has created unrealistic expectations and thrown the family into chaos. On the other hand, marriage requires sexual, financial and emotional discipline, but people today a re unwilling to exercise the self-discipline that marriage requires. Besides, couples tod ay must also deal with all the cultural changes brought on in recent years by the wome n’s movement and sexual revolution. These and other realities of life erode the visions of marital bliss. If we lack adaptability, flexibility, genuine love and kindness, and an imagination strong enough to feel what the other is feeling, if we cannot bring difficu lties out into the open, then marriage may come to the end of the road.Of course, divorce id not an evil act. For some people, it provides salvation and it can be a step toward a good life. However, marriages that do not fail but improve, tha t persist despite imperfections, offer a wondrous shelter for our mutual humanity. UNIT 5WORD1)The police are constantly searching for new ways of steering young people away from criminal activities.2)The audience were thrown into a panic after a bomb exploded in the theatre.3)He explained later that he had refrained from commenting on hisopponents'anti-constitutional claims in order to avoid open confrontation at the meeting.4)Corporate executives should not be given the right to intrude into employees'private lives by monitoring their phone calls.5)To protect intellectual property rights,the governments is making a great effort to unify the KTV system in karaoke bars.6)As the factory is faced with the danger of being shut down,many workers are suffering from an inner sense of desperation.7)It is totally nonsense to assert that smoking can help prevent bird flu or swine flu.8)The bus was already full up but the old lady managed to squeeze in.9)Using too many pieces of electrical equipment at once may overload the circuit and cause power cut or fire.10)Despite all the treatment he has had over the past few months,Ashby is still suffering from skin rashes and recurring respiratory problems.EXPRESSION1)As I was shopping one day,a girl mistook me for the well-known actor Jackie Chan and asked for my autograph.2)The box has been left unattended in the cellar for years,and it came apart as we tried to lift it up.3)The government promised to the public that they shall keep close watch on the latest developments in relation to the disease.4)I can put up with your room being cluttered with paintings and prints,but I hate it if it's not clean.5)To prepare food for the elderly,make sure to cut out the fat and bone before you cook the meat.6)The pain of losing his only daughter still sweeps over him in waves though it has been two years since the traffic accident occurred.7)The people who got hurt in the collision were rushed to the only hospital in the vicinity of the scene of the accident.8)Detectives were searching the scene of the crime closely,being careful enough not to leave any details out.9)For some days he had been mulling over the new plan,trying to come up with something more constructive.10)According to the latest survey,only 5% of American adults engage in regular annual physical check-ups,which health scientists consider quite worrying.11)All of your achievements for the week should be gathered up in a ten-minute talk with the manager every Friday.12)Of the 88 locomotives on this railroad line,35 are out of commission,either awaiting repairs or being replaced.CLOZEWhen your mind is out of commission,desperation writing can help you write something usable.The first thing is to admit your condition:for some reason,your mind is incapable of considering anything in relation to anything else though it can put a simple feeling or perception into understandable words.Then try to write as much as possible.Don't refrain from writing about whatever that is on your mind.When you feel you have enough of it,read over what you wrote and every time you come to anything that could be squeezed into one sentence or one assertion,write it by itself on a little slip of paper.After you have done this,play solitaire with those littleslips,shifting them around and looking through in various sequences and getting them to distribute themselves in different piles.Often at this point,your sanity begins to return.And then you can finally come up with something workable. TRANSLATIONDo you have this lingering doubt that you won’t be able to write something when you need to? Do you feel it’s like a constant fog or static that clouds the mind and yo u can never get out of its clutches?As a matter of fact, it is possible to write something ---- not something great or pleasing but at least something usable, workable ---- when your mind is out of commission.The trick is to do all your cooking out on the table because your mind is incapable of doing any inside.Try simply to steer your mind in the direction or general vicinity of the thing you are trying to write about and start writing and keep writing. Be as loose, drifting, quirky and jerky as possible when you write. Don’t think about what you are writing or what you have written or else you will overload the circuit again.Then take some little pieces of paper and simply read over from the beginning of what you wrote, and see if you can gather up something useful into one sentence and write it by itself on a little sheet of paper. Then, read through the little slips of paper a number of times and build a relationship among them until they get into different piles. At this point, you find you can finally begin to think, and that lab report which has been occupying your mind is no longer unreachable.。
新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材写作教程第六单元第三部分参考答案
PART II FOCUSThe teacher is expected to help students appreciate the effects of using participles and absolutes in their writingsParticiplesGetting to know participlesReference for the excisesReference for the Classroom Activities1. Sentence b: handing describing sheSentence c: wandering; picking both describing friends ;Sentence d: made used with had to indicate the past perfect tenseSentence e: surprised describing Tigger ;Sentence f. filled used with were to indicate the passive voiceSentence g. staring describing TiggerSentence h: left describing nothing ; checking describing RooSentence i: looking describing PoohSentence j. looking describing Roo;Sentence k. gone used with have to indicate the present perfect tenseSentence l: picking describing friends; fallen describing raspberriesSentence m. waiting used with was to indicate the present continuous tense2. a. smiling b. Readingc. Swimmingd. competinge. mentionedf. Jumping; thrown; brokeng. published; informing h. Having; exhausted; relievedComplex participle phrasesA. Present participles in different modes and aspectsIn this passive form; being is usually omitted; and then it becomes the past participle.Reference for the Classroom Activities1. Refer to the above table for the meanings of the present participles.2. a. The computer bought last week brings happiness to everyone in my family.b. Being back in my hometown; I didn't know that my professor had assigned another 5;000-word paper.c. Standing in front of the picture painted by a post-impressionist; many people pretended that they could understand it. / Many people stood in front of the picture painted by a post-impressionist; pretending that they could understand it.d. Looking out of the window of the train; the boy was amused by the power lines dancing up and down in the air.Extra ActivitiesCombine each of the following groups of sentences into one sentence using participlesa. She was born in a common family.She was educated in an average college.She is satisfied with her present life.b. The students have finished their exams.They feel greatly relieved.As a result; they plan to play cards the whole nightc. Jimmy set his feet into the starting blocks.He stared ahead intently.d. Larry was sitting in a corner of the pub.Larry held his head in his hands.Larry was so depressed that even the best joke in the world couldn't cheer him up.Suggested answers to the Extra Activitiesa. Born in a common family and educated in an average college; she is satisfied with her present life.b. Having finished their exams and feeling greatly relieved; the students plan to play cards the whole night.c. Jimmy set his feet into the starting blocks; staring ahead intently.d. Holding his head in his hands; Larry was sitting in a corner of the pub; so depressed that even the best joke in the world couldn't cheer him up.B. Participles with conjunctionsSuggested answers to the questionStructure: They are all composed of a conjunction and a participle; and the noun in the main clause is the logical subject or object.Meaning: Sentence a: time; Sentence b: concession; Sentence c: condition.Reference for the Classroom Activities1. a. Kate fell asleep when/while reading Bob's letter.b. She started to chat with her friend after finishing / having finished her work.c. Although having seen it a thousand and one times; the old man still watches the video from time to time.d. Although closely watched by the guards; the prisoner plans to escape.e. It is believed that if read many times; an article will naturally be understood.f. If buying more; you can pay less.2. Ask students to work on their own and write two sentences for each of the types.Getting to know participles' functionsA. Creating concise sentencesSuggested answers to the questions1. Yes.2. There are two complete ideas in each sentence.3. The relationship between the two complete ideas becomes closer from Sentence a through Sentence d. Sentence d has the closest relationship between the two ideas4. Sentence d is the most efficient.B. Producing more detailed sentencesSuggested answers to the questionIn Group a; Sentence 2 is the best; in which the present participles describe live animated actions. In Group b; the best sentence is also Sentence 2; in which the actions are simultaneous. In Group c; Sentence 3 is the best sentence in which the present participle and the past participle are combined most efficiently.C. Establishing clearer logicReference for the Classroom Activities1. a. Thinking about her kid at home; Judy made several mistakes in her work.b. The car raced along the street; sending passers-by to run for shelter. / Racing along the street; the car sent passers-by to run for shelter.c. Born in Guangzhou and educated in Nanjing; she is now working as a manager in Beijing.d. Having been shocked and chased by a ferocious dog; the thief hid behind a dustbin; holding his breath for fear of being found.e. The bomb blew up in the distance; shaking the ground slightly and making bursts of light on the dark horizon.2. a. Hearing the news; I thought the world had ended for me.b. I sat happily in my chair; reading a newspaper.c. correctd. Shocked at the sight of his teacher; the boy stood there dumbfounded.e. Having lived there for twenty years; I know this place like the back of my hand.3. Ask students to go over their writings; and pay attention to their use of the participles.AbsolutesGetting to know absolutesSuggested answers to the exercise1. An absolute construction is a participle phrase whose logical subject is different fromthe sentence subject.2. A. determiner + n. + participle verb + other parts of the participle phraseB. n. + participle verb+ other parts of the participle phraseC. n. + other parts of the participle phraseReference for the Classroom ActivitiesAsk students to work on their own and write three sentences using different forms of absolute constructions.Using absolutes with purposeA. Adding descriptive detailsSuggested answers to the exerciseYou can get the following sentences:a + b: The manager sat quietly in his office; his eyes closed;a cigarette burning his hand.c + d: Sam walked slowly off the playground; his face streaked with tears; his leg bleeding.What's more; participles and absolutes; although somewhat different; can be used together to create vivid descriptions. For example:The girl sat nervously in her office; eyes closed; waiting for the telephone to ring.The middle-aged man stood in the street corner; hands put in his pockets; eyeing every passer-by.B. Indicating cause-effect relationshipsIn most cases; when the absolute is used for description; it is put at the end of the sentence; when it is used to suggest a cause-effect relationship; it is put at the beginning of the sentence.Reference for the Classroom Activities1. a. The boy leaned against a tree; hands in pockets.b. He glared at his boss; his mouth shut; and his hands clenched.c. The interviewee entered the office; her eyes fixed on her feet.d. The rabbit stared at the approaching wolf; his four feet fixed to the ground; to frightened to move.e. The girl was enjoying her favorite song; her eyes shut; her head moving from side to side.2. a. Two of my new bikes having got stolen here; I will never come to this place again.b. Several flecks coming upon her face again; she doesn't want to meet her boyfriend today.c. Its bottom torn open by a bomb; the ship sank slowly into the sea.d. Its overseas advertisements being rather successful; the school has attracted manyforeign students.e. The accountant being careless; I was given $1;000 more last month.3. Ask students to look at their written work again; and see if they can combine some sentences by using absolutes. This can be done either as individual or group/pair work.PART III GRAMMARComma-Split SentencesSuggested answers to the questions1. There are two ideas in each sentence. The two ideas are connected by a comma.2. No; the relationship is not clear. We can try to use some compound or subordinate conjunctions to clarify the relationship.3. See the rules in the summary.Reference for the Classroom Activitiesa. I had no idea what I was getting into; and I did not really care.b. You can't go home now since it is raining so heavily.c. Seeing the escaping thief; the cop stopped his car; got off; and started to chase himd. If you study hard; you will succeed.e. When she said "Yes;" he felt he was in heaven.Now; ask students to summarize the rules against comma-split sentencesSummary1.When we use a comma to connect two separate ideas; or twoindependent sentences; we commit a comma-split;ma-split sentences are not acceptable because a comma is notstrong enough to indicate the relationship between two ideas; ma-split sentences can be improved by clarifying therelationship between the two ideas. Commonly used methods are:1)using a comma and a conjunction like and; but; yet; etc.2)turning one idea into a subordinate clause with if; when;although; because; etc.3)using participles and absolutes;4)using punctuation marks that are strong enough; like colon:and semicolon :.Fused SentenceSuggested answers to the questions1. Each sentence contains two ideas.2. Yes; because the sentences are not clearly divided.3. Strategies suggested to improve comma-split sentences can also be used to improve fused sentences.Reference for the Classroom Activitiesa. In some part of China marriages are still arranged by parents. Consequently money becomes more important than love.b. Vegetables are good to your health. However; overeating them will also be harmful.c. People watch TV for different reasons; so their judgement naturally differs.d. These houses sell very well; because they enjoy first of all a very desirable location.e. Nobody will completely love this kind of mass-produced food; but nobody will be unbearably put off; either.Now; ask students to summarize the rules against fused sentences。
新世纪大学英语写作练习题参考答案(1-6单元)
Unit IWrite a passage in about 120 words, taking either of the following titles:1)why I like to learn English2)why I hate to learn EnglishSample Essay1) Why I Like to Learn EnglishI have learned English for about seven years. I should say that I am highly motivated to (非常有动力去)master English. First of all, learning English us useful, as it is becoming a world language and people from different countries often communicate with one another in English. If I am good at English, it will be much easier for me to communicate with them. Secondly, I like traveling a lot, a good mastery of English will make things much easier for me when traveling around the world. Finally, I like literature a lot. If I am very good at English, I can read great works by Shakespeare and Dickens and many other English writers instead of reading the translated versions（翻译版）. So I think I will work ever harder to learn English well.2)Why I hate to learn EnglishI have learned English for about seven years. I should say the more I learn English, the more Ihate it. First of all, learning English is boring. I have to memorize （记住）many new words or rely on a dictionary to frequently check unknown words. Doing so wastes a lot of my precious time. Secondly, I don’t understand why we have to learn a foreign language. I don’t want to go abroad and I can always find a job that doesn’t need English in China. Finally, I can always read translated versions of the books I want to read. So if I d on’t have to learn English. I would rather use the time I spend on English to do things I like.Unit 2In about 100-120 words, write about a conflict you once had with your parents. You can start with either of the following opening.1)I was very unhappy with my mother/father the other day…..2)I was grateful (感激的) that my mother/father criticize me the other day……Sample writing:1）I was very unhappy with my father the other day. He must have called out to me for help with some housework, but I was so absorbed in reading（沉迷于,专注于、、、）that I didn’t hear him. He stepped into my room, apparently in anger, grabbed(抓起) mybook and threw it on the floor. I got upset and insisted that he should pick it up andapologize to me. When he remained silent, I ran our and went off to play games withmy friends in the neighborhood（家庭所在的街区）. When it was turning dark, I sawmy father looking around for me, he patted me on the head and walked back home withe, his arm wrapped around my shoulder. When I got home, I saw my book had“returned” to my reading table.2）I was grateful that my mother criticized me that other day. I had been asking her for money to buy all kinds of things that my friends have-a new pair of shoes or some newclothes. Every time I was refused, I played the same trick(玩同样的把戏)—threatening to（威胁）pour the dish she cooked for the family into the river. My mother gave in each time I threatened to do that, but one day, she criticized me really hard. She scolded me for being selfish (批评我自私自利)and inconsiderate （不会体谅他人）and asked me to sit in a corner and reflect on （反思）my own behavior. I couldn’t believe my mother would be so angry with me and I grew afraid, I learned a good lesson and changed a lot afterwards. I was thankful that my mother made me realize my mistake.Unit 31)Describes a few of your own personality traits, then identify your favorite colorand see if the descriptions of the color in ext B match your personality or not?Sample essay:I have been described by many friends as a warm, sociable, and outgoing extravert外向型的）. I find it easy to make new friends and I enjoy the company（陪伴）of people who share similar characteristics as I. When I am at a party, many people including those I do not know, will talk to me. I am not a great beauty, neither am I rich and intelligent. In fact, I am just a very simple person who is happy and smiles a lot. Maybe being happy is the attraction, I like bright colours, especially red. It is said that people who like red are passionate and have a lot of energy. I agree that I am enthusiastic about(对、、、很热衷) many things and like doing many things at he same time. So it seem there is some truth after all in what color says about a person’s personality2)Think of the person you admire most, Write two personality traits that you likemost about this person. Remember to give an example for each personalitytraits.Sample EssayThe person I admire most is my father’s younger brother. He is known to us as ba shu because he is the eighth son in a family of eleven. He is a high achiever(志存高远).Since young, he has done well in his studies and work. For example, he received a prestigious（优等的）scholarship （奖学金）to study at a well-known medical school in England. Today, at the age of 62, he is still as outstanding. He is a well-respected surgeon and has won many awards（获得奖励）. What I like most about ba shu Iis his sensitive nature, especially towards children who are born unlucky. He has volunteered his time and made sacrifices to（为、、、、作出牺牲）help those in poor and developing countries. His strong desire to bring happiness to these people has impressed me a lot.3）Imagine that you had been given a wish to change your life. Write about two personality traits that you would like to have and give your reasons.Sample EssayIf I were given a wish to have two personality traits, I would choose to be an optimistic and creative person. I would like to be an optimistic person because those who are optimistic are usually satisfied and contented with (对、、、满意)what they have. They seldom let sadness be a part of their life. I want to be happy and being optimistic is one way to remain happy. I also would like to be creative. I think thatcreativity is inherited.Some may disagree and say that we can learn to be creative.However, no matter how hard one learns, it is those born with the talent of creativity who will make a great name for(成就名声) themselves like the famous poet Li Bai and the richest man in the world, Bill Gates.4）Write about a person whom you dislike most and give one or two reasons or example why you dislike him or her so much.Sample EssayThere is no one person I dislike most but there are a couple of personality traits that I cannot tolerate(忍受): aggressiveness( 有攻击性的，很强势的) and selfishness.Aggressive people do not consider others’feelings and will not think twice about hurting even those closest to them. I once had a neighbor who would beat his wife one day and appear loving the next. His wife lived I fear constantly but could do nothing because he was in control of her, another personality trait I dislike is selfishness. Like aggressive people, selfish people only think of themselves. There are many everyday examples of selfishness such as those not willing to lend things to others and those not wanting to share exam tips even with their best friends. If you know someone with a combination of aggressiveness and selfishness you should consider whether to call him or her a friend.Unit 4 Write a short passage of about 100-120 words on the topic:living in a Nursing Home : A Plan for the Future?”.Sample Essay:Thanks to medical advances(医疗进步) and better living conditions, most of us can live longer. The issue of where we will stay when we get to old has become a concern for（成为大家关心的问题）everyone. I did a survey last week on “ Are you willing to go and live in a nursing home when you grow old?”. Of the ten people surveyed, seven said”yes”. According to them, living in a nursing home would enable them to meet people of similar ages, get instant medical care, and have their meals and laundry taken care of. The three who don’t want to stay in a nursing home think living in a nursing home would make them feel lonely and abandoned on the one hand and would have their privacy intruded (侵犯)upon on the other. Nonetheless, the survey does suggest that more people would be willing to live in a nursing home in the future.Unit51) In about 100-120 words, write about an incident of misunderstanding betweenyou and your mother/father. Tell us about how it all started and what happened in the end.Sample essayOne afternoon, I was wandering along（闲逛）the main street of our small town with a friend. Suddenly I saw my mother. She was behaving very strangely. She looked around before going quickly into a shop. When she came out, she had a box in her hand. I was terrified; I knew some of my villagers resorted to（求助于）theft because they were poor.The thought that my mother could be one of them drove me crazy. I was determined to (决心去) find out the truth form her. When I questioned her, tears filled her eyes. She told me she was collecting beer cans from some kind shop owners who offered them to her, but would feel embarrassed if she was seen by others. I cried and hugged her and felt sorry that I had misunderstood my own mother.3)In about 100-120 words, describe the similarities and differences in the way your fatherand mother show their love for you. Be sure to give examples.Sample EssayMy parents differ greatly in showing their love for me. while my mother appears more anxious and depressed if anything goes wrong with me, my father tends to be silent and expresses his concern for me mainly through actions rather than words. I still remember the day when I left home for university. When my mother was in tears and kept giving me endless advice, my father remained silent. But when he saw an ice-cream man on the platform(月台), he rushed towards him and got me an ice-cream just before the train started to move. I learned from my mother later that father locked himself up in his room after returning home and cried for the first time in his life. I never expected that my departure（离开）would trigger（引起）such an emotional response from my father.Unit6Sample Essay1）I like Christmas because the festive atmosphere （节日气氛）created by the occasion is so overwhelming（铺天盖地）. You can see pretty seasonal decorations everywhere, Christmas lights, flowers, and pictures of Father Christmas with a smiling face. You may even meet a “real” Father Christmas on the street busy handing our candies to kids. The atmosphere does lift everybody’s spirits, since joy and excitement seem to be contagious（有感染力的）;everyone around us looks happier and is more patient with each other during the festive season.We send each other Christmas greetings and give Christmas gifts to our friends and relatives.Even friends who have not been in constant touch also” appear” again at this time to send their regards.2）I don’t like Christmas because today’s Christmas has been entirely commercialized. Shops try all sorts of tricks to attract customers, by putting up fanciful Christmas decorations, by offering seasonal discounts and even by asking somebody to play Father Christmas to give out gifts. Behind all the smiles and the beautiful decoration, I do not care of a spirit of giving. I only see one word, which is “profit”. Everybody does Christmas shopping at this time to get Christmas gifts for their family members or friends. As for me, I believe it is more important to show care and concern for my family members and friends all year round than just give them a “once a year’Christmas gift.。
新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生教材综合教程第6册UNIT1,5,8,9,12,14翻译题答案.doc
UNIT 11.这家公司是由几名有事业心的年轻人创立的. (enterprising).The company was started by a couple of enterprising young men.2.那是他唯一一次自己在午夜前睡觉的,因为他实在太累了. (of one’s ownaccord)It was the only time when he went to bed of his own accord before midnight, because he was really too tired.3.经过长时间的仔细酝酿,书才得以完成. (meticulous)Many hours of meticulous preparation have gone into writing the book.4.她从头到脚穿着一身黑. (be attired)She was attired in black from head to foot.5.为攒我们去度假的钱, 我节衣缩食整整一年. (scrimp and save)I have scrimped and saved all year to pay for our holiday.6.我知道他是好意, 但我希望他别来管我们. (well-meaning)I know he’s well-meaning, but I wish he’d leave us alone.7.当有人指出他犯了错误时, 他非常生气. (indignant)He became very indignant when it was suggested he had made a mistake.8.说了多少次了, 安东尼, 刀子和叉子要放入中间的抽屉! (umpteen)I’ve told you for umpteen times, Anthony, knives and forks go in the middle drawer.9.缝纫恐怕不是我的专长. (forte)I’m afraid sewing isn’t one of my forte.10. 观众热烈的欢迎使她十分高兴. (buoy)She was buoyed by the warm reception her audience gave her.UNIT 51.孩子们是天真烂漫的, 他们都向往真善美的东西. (yearn)Children are innocent, and they all yearn for what is true, good, and beautiful.2.有些评论家批评该电影对妇女的刻画带有性别歧视. (be condemned by)The film was condemned by some critics for its sexist portrayal of women.3.你不必勉强带我和你一起去. 如果你不带我去, 我不会生气的. (under compulsion to)Don’t feel under any compulsion to take me with you. I won’t be offended if you don’t.4.在那场竞选中, 他的对手们散布谣言破坏他的好名声. (discredit)In the election his opponents spread rumors to discredit his good name.5.每当他们开始争吵, 我总的离得远远的. (remain aloof)Whatever they started quarrelling, I would always remain aloof.6.无须惊慌, 警方已经控制了局面. (have …in hand)There’s no need to panic. The police have the situation in hand.7.遇上一个好老板不是那么容易的. (come by)A good boss is not easy to come by.8.她脸上丝毫没有懊恼的表情. (absent from)Any sign of remorse was completely absent from her face.9.你必须打消一切报仇的念头. (banish from)You must try to banish all thoughts of revenge from your mind.10.她对女儿们的影响很大. (have a hold on)She has a strong hold on her daughters.UNIT 81.她把对家庭投资的控制权给了儿子. (relinquish to)She relinquished control of the family investment to her son.2.那个男孩紧咬着一把刀, 爬上树去割椰子. (clench between)With a knife clenched between his teeth, the boy climbed up the tree to cut off some coconuts.3.这家小公司被命令取消所有对消费者这样的限制. (be enjoined to)The small company has been enjoined to end all such restrictions on customers. 4.彼此将近五年没说话后, 他们终于和解了. (reconcile to)They were finally reconciled to each other, after not being on speaking terms for nearly 5 years.5.我们只有非常有限的时间来完成这项任务——我们不可能无限期地继续下去.(a finite amount of)We only have a very finite amount of time to complete this task, cause we can’t continue indefinitely.6.如果你不能在截止日前偿还这笔债务, 你就将失去信用. (discredit, redeem) You’ll be discredited if you fail to redeem your debt before the deadline.7.这是本有趣的书, 充满了对人际关系的深刻见解. (insight into)It is an interesting book, full of valuable insights into human relationships.8.我依稀记得多年前曾经见过她. (a dim recollection of)I have a dim recollection of having met her many years ago.9.我不愿意告诉她她儿子被捕了. (relish doing sth.)I don’t relish telling her that her son had been arrested.10.公司的关闭既突然又出人意料. (demise)The demise of the company was sudden and unexpected.UNIT 91.她与他在一起生活度日艰难. (existence)She had a hard existence with him.2.之于你刚才提出的问题, 我将另撰文回答. (as regards)As regards the question you raised just now, I will answer them in another article.3.这听起来也许很无情, 但我才不在乎他是否无家可归呢. (callous)It might sound callous, but I don’t care whether he is homeless or not.4.他对老板的尊敬几乎到了低声下气的地步. (abject)He is almost abject in his respect for his boss.5.痛苦的记忆渐渐从她脑海里消退. (recede)The painful memories gradually receded in her mind.6.我们应该避免对他们的挑衅作出过度的反应. (guard against)We should guard against overreactions to their provocation.7.你最好关心关心自己的事而不是我的事! (concern oneself with)You’d better concern yourself with your own business and not mine.8.该影片是一部有益的家庭娱乐剧. (wholesome)The movie is a wholesome play.9.学校中止了给那位学生提供的助学金, 理由是他去年的成绩不够好. (on the ground that)The university has stopped providing financial support to that student on the ground that his performance in the past year was not good enough.10.为了帮助那些国有小公司渡过经济危机, 政府把它们合并成为一家大公司. (merge)The government merged those small state-owned firms into a large company in order to help them survive the economic crisis.UNIT 121.她对上菜市场买菜之类的凡俗之事不感兴趣. (mundane)Mundane matters such as going to the market to buy food do not interest her.2.我还记得我那无忧无虑的学生时代. (carefree)I still remember my carefree student days.3.在孩子幼年时由于缺少家长养育造成的损害是很难消除的. (undo)It’s very difficult to undo the damage caused by inadequate parenting in a child’s early years.4.观众显然为她的表演所陶醉. (be enchanted by)The audience was clearly enchanted by her performance.5.威尼斯电影节一直都是展示优秀的意大利电影的盛会. (showcase)The Venice Film Festival has always been a showcase of the Italian cinema.6.她因车祸大脑受损, 智力退化到一个五岁孩子的水平. (regress to)She suffered brain damage from a car accident and regressed to the mental age of a five-year-old.7.小心点, 否则他会欺骗你的. (take sb. for a ride)Be careful or he will take you for a ride.8.州政府试图对公众隐瞒事件的真相, 但是失败了. (conceal)The state government tried to conceal the truth of the event from the public, but in vain.9.昨天报上发表的三篇文章都是围绕着本地区的环保问题展开讨论的. (revolve around)The three articles published in the newspaper yesterday revolved around the issue of environmental protection in this area.10.他的论点的实质是教育应当贯穿我们的一生. (essence)Essence of his argument is that education should continue throughout our lives.UNIT 141.表格上写得很清楚, 保险对象包括所有的个人财产. (effects)It says clearly on the form that the insurance covers all personal effects.2.在忍受了好几周不断的炮轰之后,他们一有机会便投降了. (incessant)Having endured weeks of incessant bombardment, they surrendered as soon as they had the opportunity.3.他上课时做了大量的笔记, 后来又不明白自己为何如此费心. (copious)He took copious notes during the lecture and then wondered why he had bothered so much.4.这支队伍突然活跃了一阵子, 接着又陷入了懒散之中. (lapse, indolence)After a sudden burst of activity the team lapsed back into indolence.5.我买电脑后不久他们就推出了新产品取代它. (supersede)No sooner had I bought the computer than they brought out a new one which superseded it.6.他只有19岁, 但青春期该焕发的朝气已从他的脸上消失了. (bloom)He was only 19 but the bloom of youth had already disappeared from his face.7.我的双眼逐渐适应了这种昏暗, 能够看到那个房间的一侧有一扇门. (accustom to)My eyes were becoming accustomed to the gloom and I was able to make out a door at one side of the room.8.难怪无论是宴会场合, 在超市排队时, 还是在公共汽车站, 她总是能吸引人们全神贯注的注意力. (rapt)No wonder she could hold people in rapt attention at banquet parties, in lines at supermarkets, or at bus stops.9.我们很担心他在海边独居了几个月后, 会难以应付为他准备的欢迎会. (solitude)We were worried that he might find his reception rather overwhelming after months of solitude at the seaside.10.从法律上来说, 医生毕竟有责任采取某些预防措施. (be obliged to)Doctors are, after all, legally obliged to take certain precautions.。
新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材写作教程第三部分参考答案
PART II FOCUSThe teacher is expected to help stude nts appreciate the effects of using participles and absolutes in their writ ingsParticiplesGetti ng to know participlesRefere nee for the excisesRefere nee for the Classroom Activities1. Sentence b: handing (describ ing she)Sentence c: wan deri ng, pick ing (both describ ing frie nds);Sentence d: made (used with had to in dicate the past perfect ten se)Sentence e: surprised (describ ing Tigger);Sentence f. filled (used with were to in dicate the passive voice)Sentence g. stari ng (describ ing Tigger)Sentence h: left (describ ing nothing) ; check ing (describ ing Roo)Sentence i: looking (describing Pooh)Sentence j. looking (describing Roo);Sentence k. gone (used with have to in dicate the prese nt perfect ten se)Sentence l: picking (describing friends), fallen (describing raspberries)Sentence m. waiting (used with was to indicate the present continuous ten se)2. a. smili ng b. Readi ngRefere nee for the Classroom Activities1. Refer to the above table for the meanings of the present participles.2. a. The computer bought last week brings happ in ess to every one in my family.b. B eing back in my hometow n, I did n't know that my professor had assig ned ano ther 5,000-word paper.c. S tanding in front of the picture pain ted by a post-impressi oni st, many peopleprete nded that they could un dersta nd it. / Many people stood in front of the picture pain ted by a post-impressi oni st, prete nding that they could un dersta nd it.d. L ooking out of the window of the train, the boy was amusedby the power linesdancing up and dow n in the air.Extra ActivitiesCombineeach of the following groups of sentences into one sentence using participlesa. She was born in a common family.She was educated in an average college.c. Swimmi nge. men ti onedg. published, informingComplex participle phrasesd. compet ing f. Jump ing, throw n, broke n h. Having, exhausted, relievedShe is satisfied with her present life.b. The students have finished their exams.They feel greatly relieved.As a result, they plan to play cards the whole nightc. Jimmy set his feet into the starting blocks.He stared ahead intently.d. Larry was sitting in a corner of the pub.Larry held his head in his hands.Larry was so depressed that even the best joke in the world couldn't cheer him up.Suggested answers to the Extra Activitiesa. Born in a common family and educated in an average college, she is satisfied with her present life.b. Having finished their exams and feeling greatly relieved, the students plan to play cards the whole night.c. Jimmy set his feet into the starting blocks, staring ahead intently.d. Holding his head in his hands, Larry was sitting in a corner of the pub, so depressed that even the best joke in the world couldn't cheer him up.B. Participles with conjunctionsSuggested answers to the questionStructure: They are all composed of a conjunction and a participle, and the noun in the main clause is the logical subject or object.Meaning: Sentence a: time; Sentence b: concession; Sentence c: condition.Reference for the Classroom Activities1. a. Kate fell asleep when/while reading Bob's letter.b. She started to chat with her friend after finishing / having finished her work.c. Although having seen it a thousand and one times, the old man still watchesthe video from time to time.d. Although closely watched by the guards, the prisoner plans to escape.e. It is believed that if read many times, an article will naturally be understood.f. If buying more, you can pay less.2. Ask students to work on their own and write two sentencesfor each of the types.Getting to know participles' functionsA. Creating concise sentencesSuggested answers to the questions1. Yes.2. There are two complete ideas in each sentence.3. The relationship between the two complete ideas becomes closer from Sentence a through Sentence d. Sentence d has the closestrelationship between the two ideas4. Sentence d is the most efficient.B. Producing more detailed sentencesSuggested answers to the questionIn Group a, Sentence 2 is the best, in which the present participles describe live animated actions. In Group b, the best sentence is also Sentence 2, in which the actions are simultaneous. In Group c, Sentence3 is the best sentencein which the present participle and the past participle are combined most efficiently.C. Establishing clearer logicRefere nee for the Classroom Activities1. a. Thinking about her kid at home, Judy made several mistakes in her work.b. The car raced along the street, sending passers-by to run for shelter. / Racing along the street, the car sent passers-by to run for shelter.c. Born in Guangzhou and educated in Nanjing, she is now working as a man ager in Beiji ng.d. Having bee n shocked and chased by a ferocious dog, the thief hid beh ind a dustbin, holding his breath for fear of being found.e. The bomb blew up in the distanee, shaking the ground slightly and making bursts of light on the dark horiz on.2. a. Heari ng the n ews, I thought the world had en ded for me.b. I sat happily in my chair, read ing a n ewspaper.c. (correct)d. Shocked at the sight of his teacher, the boy stood there dumbfo un ded.e. Having lived there for twenty years, I know this place like the back of my hand.3. Ask stude nts to go over their writ in gs, and pay atte nti on to their use of the participles.AbsolutesGett ing to know absolutesSuggested an swers to the exercise1. An absolute construction is a participle phrase whose logical subject is different fromthe sentence subject.2. A. determ iner + n. + participle verb + other parts of the participle phraseB. n. + participle verb+ other parts of the participle phraseC. n. + other parts of the participle phraseReference for the Classroom ActivitiesAsk students to work on their own and write three sentences using different forms of absolute constructions.Using absolutes with purposeA. Adding descriptive detailsSuggested answers to the exerciseYou can get the following sentences:a + b: The manager sat quietly in his office, his eyes closed, a cigarette burning his hand.c + d: Sam walked slowly off the playground, his face streaked with tears, his leg bleeding.What's more, participles and absolutes, although somewhat different, can be used together to create vivid descriptions. For example:The girl sat nervously in her office, eyes closed, waiting for the telephone to ring.The middle-aged man stood in the street corner, hands put in his pockets, eyeing every passer-by.B. Indicating cause-effect relationshipsIn most cases, when the absolute is used for description, it is put at the end of the sentence; when it is used to suggest a cause-effect relationship, it is put at the beginning of the sentence.Reference for the Classroom Activities1. a. The boy leaned against a tree, hands in pockets.b. He glared at his boss, his mouth shut, and his hands clenched.c. The interviewee entered the office, her eyes fixed on her feet.d. The rabbit stared at the approaching wolf, his four feet fixed to the ground, to frightened to move.e. The girl was enjoying her favorite song, her eyes shut, her head moving from side to side.2. a. Two of my new bikes having got stolen here, I will never come to this place again.b. Several flecks coming upon her face again, she doesn't want to meet her boyfriend today.c. Its bottom torn open by a bomb, the ship sank slowly into the sea.d. Its overseas advertisements being rather successful, the school hasattracted manyforeign students.e. The accountant being careless, I was given $1,000 more last month.3. Ask students to look at their written work again, and see if they can combine some sentences by using absolutes. This can be done either as individual or group/pair work.PART III GRAMMARComma-Split SentencesSuggested answers to the questions1. There are two ideas in each sentence. The two ideas are connected by a comma.2. No, the relationship is not clear. We can try to use some compound or subordinate conjunctions to clarify the relationship.3. See the rules in the summary.Reference for the Classroom Activitiesa. I had no idea what I was getting into, and I did not really care.b. You can't go home now since it is raining so heavily.c. Seeing the escaping thief, the cop stopped his car, got off, and started to chase himd. If you study hard, you will succeed.e. When she said "Yes," he felt he was in heaven.Now, ask students to summarize the rules against comma-split sentences Summary1. When we use a comma to connect two separate ideas, or two independentsentences, we commit a comma-split;2. Comma-split sentences are not acceptable because a comma is not strong enoughto indicate the relationship between two ideas;3. Comma-split sentences can be improved by clarifying the relationship between thetwo ideas. Commonly used methods are:1) using a comma and a conjunction like and, but, yet, etc.2) turning one idea into a subordinate clause with if, when, although, because, etc.3) using participles and absolutes;4) using punctuation marks that are strong enough, like colon(:) and semicolon (:).Fused SentenceSuggested answers to the questions1. Each sentence contains two ideas.2. Yes, because the sentences are not clearly divided.3. Strategies suggested to improve comma-split sentencescan also be used toimprove fused sentences.Reference for the Classroom Activitiesa. In some part of China marriages are still arranged by parents. Consequentlymoney becomes more important than love.b. Vegetables are good to your health. However, overeating them will also beharmful.c. People watch TV for different reasons, so their judgement naturally differs.d. These houses sell very well, becausethey enjoy first of all a very desirablelocation.e. Nobody will completely love this kind of mass-produced food, but nobody will beunbearably put off, either.Now, ask students to summarize the rules against fused sentences。
新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材(修订版)：综合教程3_课后答案(新)(全)(1~14)分析解析
• 1.(I was) I had just the feeling of a newcomer to college without the strength only an experienced student might possess.• 2.(my airs) My apparent confidence• 3. (a little)Some food to appease my hunger• 4.(running) Going with the tide of the majority was no longer crucial to your success in college• 5.(massive) Foolish and glaring mistakes•II.Distress; clutched; pose; sneaked; preoccupation; shackles; curse;deliberation•III.Assure; discretion; relaxation; humiliate; strategy; embarrassment;maneuverable; maturity•IV.Lived up to; headed for; seek out; has broken out; grope for; trying …on;go out to; tipped off•IV. 1. I spent the aft V.1.vague/indistinct; 2.carefully/meticulously;3.self-restraint/self-control;4.clever/intelligent/sensible;5.manner/behaviour;6.excited/agitated;7.sneak;8.mature/sophisticatedUnit 2• 1. (worked himself)died from self-motivated overwork; 2.(conceivably) most likely, the highest position in the company; 3.(of no) with no specific skills wanted by employers;4.(researching) trying to discover facts about his father; 5. (a heart –attack)a person suited by nature for heart-attack •Ⅱ.Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in its appropriate form.•Survived; grabs; discreetly; deceased; obituary; conceivably; board;classics; executives•Ⅲ.windowed; nerves; precisionist; competitiveness; execution; presided;marital; accompanied•Ⅳ.died of; stay up; cares for; straightened out; picked out; given up;grabbed at; considered forUnit 3• 1. (agreeable)pleasant/comfortable; practically2.(extravagant)very long;(place of) physical exercises3.(had this)was made to realize this 4.(decided to)decided not to have coffee and instead to go(to the bookstore)5.(enterained)held in mind•II.Negotiated; debonair; dodging; notion; compact; contortion; thrive;undertaking•III. disagreeable; eccentricity; acquainted; ridicule; triumphal;deficiencies; woefully; contorted•IV.Going about; going through; pops out; pace off; pulled up; dug out; stroll up to; habituated to❖ 1.(we would turn)we should morally too strict with ourselves to enjoy life;2. (that overshadowed)that made all other questions less significant;3. (thefun)counting fun as the most important quality in life; 4. (the epitome of)the best example of having fun; 5. (like a virus)like something more than simple of having fun❖II. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.❖1-4 overshadows; traipse; fetish; flunked; 5-8 swilling; flicked; epitome;licentiousness;❖III. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.❖Insured; underserved; generosity; benefits; regrettable; mirthful;blasphemy; reverence❖IV.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.❖turn into; occurred to; end up; step up; pay …back; look forward to; look for; managed toUnit 5•I. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.• 1. (earth-shattering)very important/shocking/traumatic 2. (spare the other’s)avoid hurting the other's feelings/avoid doing something that would upset the other person; 3. (shapping or)modifying the truth/telling the turth with a favorable emphasis or slant; 4.(a slipperyslope) a course of action which can easily lead to something unacceptable, wrong or disastrous; 5.(at all costs)under any circumstances/whatever might happen;•II.supportive; perceived; prevarication; astounded; undermine; faltered;fibs; volunteered.•III.unethical; feigned; unsparing; cynical; confoundedly; lubricated;entangled; willfui•IV.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.•Cover up; blurted out; set up; find out; wear/wore down; specializes in;professes to; complimented...on•Unit6••I.(pounding)extremely intense; (the rule of thumb)the practical principle;(as per)just like; following the example of ; (Chances are)probably; quite likely; (broken the ice)made a start despite the difficulty••II.epic; squalid; veritable; pounded; aroma; evolved; lyrics; claimed••III.imponderables; poetic/poetical; accidentally; unsought; cuddliest;juicy; disorientated; versed••IV.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.•conjures up; 2.dealt with; 3.seek out;4.think of; 5.ended/started with;6.break..up;7.relates to;8.came up with••Unit7• the chaser•I. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.• 1.(as nervous as a kitten)feeling very much worried and afraid; 2.(I sell has)everything I sell could be dreamed as extraordinary;3.(imperceptible)difficult to notice;4.(extend far beyond) much morelasting than momentary impulse; 5.(in a rapture)with enthusiasm••II. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.•Creaky; peered; acquaintance; detachment; raptures; giddy; overwhelmed;obliged••III.obscurity; acquainted; perceptible; apprehension; indifferent; rapt;overwhelmingly; disobliging••IV. Save up; care about; indulges in; reached for; peered about; deals in;was substituted; better off••Unit 8•knowledge and wisdom•I. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.• 1.(take account of)consider(when judging a situation)/take into consideration, (attach to)give proper value to each/attach adequate importance to each; 2.(No doubt) Certainly/very probably, brought a good and helpful effect to mankind, in reality/in actual situations; 3. (descend to less)Talk(disapprovingly) about something less worthy or less important, destroy or ruin each other;4.(bound up with) connect with/dependent on;5.(in proportion)accordingly ••II. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.•pursue, ceased; attainable; enmity; populous; surpassed; impartial;appallingly•III. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words. •beneficiaries; undesirable; horizontally; descendants; increasingly;philosophical; unduly; standardization••IV. 1.required of; 2.sought to; 3.descended to; 4.put first; 5.contributed to; 6.engage in; 7.conferred..upon; 8.bound up with•••Unit9•Chinese food•I. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.• 1.(spiritual)emotional strength to do what one believes to be right;2.(fuel)material used to produce power; sth. Used to keep the bodyfunctioning; 3. (inferior brand)lower-class type; 4.(procession)a number of dishes that are served one after another in an orderly way; 5.(ad such)by themselves••II Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.•fastidious; ecstasies; lavish; elusive; phenomenal; proceeding; enterprise;contrived••III. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words. •disregard; authoritative; ubiquity; desirable; piquancy; ceremonially;gluttonous; derivation••IV.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.•come off; conform to; derived/derives … from; attend to; sprung up ; came about; proceed with; lavishing...on•••Unit 10 the transaction•I.1.(bohemian) unconventional; 2. (circulate)socialize;• 3.(revelation) dramatic disclosure of something not previously known or realized;• 4. (vulnerable)sensitive to the stimulus in life, sharply aware of expressing their natural feelings in an artistic way;• 5. (achieve the greatest)serve the writer’s purpose most effectively and efficiently;••II.1-4 transaction; cluttered; arduous; humanity;•5-8 committed; gusto; bewildered; solitary;••III.1-4 drudgery; uncirculated; asocial; unmentionable; 5-8 irresistibly;intensive; exclamations; literary;••IV.1-4 stick to; fiddling with; took up; hang out; 5-8 run away from; going broke; bring along; drawn into;•••Unit 11•On becoming a better student•I. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.• 1.view again at another time from a different perspective; 2.with immense pleasant surprise;3. be provided with ready answers and ideas; 4.dopioneering work; 5.Don’t let the knowledge you have acquired be a hindrance to your learning of something new••II. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.•Precedence; stigma; proportional; strain; pertinent; injurious; relevance;therapy••III. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words. •Substantial; motivation; committed; restrictions; subtle; thrilling;complacently; unprecedented••IV.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.•Goes out of the way; breaking through; consists of; hold on to; object to;live up to; gave up; based on••V.1.demonstrate/reveal/manifest; 2.flexible;3.interesting/extraordinary/outstanding;4.abandon/yield/renounce;5.lead;6.dissatisfaction/discontentment;d/gentle;8.harry/pester/harass••VI. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.•Submitted; take care of; attentive in; written in honor of; accept; so involved; enthralled; began considering••Grammar exercise•I. Being; to spend, to make; Hearing/To hear; To complete; to be; to be;to sit, to hear, howling; Teasing; Playing; Learning•III. sitting at the back; for you to do as you are told; to swim across the Channel; to hear that he had already left the company; To open the window;to trifle with; Being a qualified plumber,Paul had no difficulty in finding the leak; ever written; Left to himself,he usually gets the job done quickly;Hoping to find the will,she searched everywhere.••IV.1.to his working,living; 2.having; 3.to stealing; 4.from doing; 5.for playing;6. for doning; 7.being talked; 8.on becoming,from putting; for making.••V.1.up for; 2.out; 3.to; 4.out of; 5.up against; 6.round to; 7.in with; 8.on ••我们甚至可能期望他们是技能与知识的宝库,取之不尽,我们可以随意享用.•这些看似枯燥的品质(我们常常羡慕别人拥有它们),给我们带来的是圆满完成某事后的满足感,或者接受一个挑战并且胜出后所感到的兴奋.•在铺好的坦途和我们通常会为自己造好的坚固建筑之外,有潜伏的魔鬼、摇晃的根基----以及我们从未感受过的快乐。
新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生综合教程3答案汇编
Unit 1Text comprehensionIV.Explain in your own words the following sentences.1. I planned to be observant and silent so that nobody would notice that I was a freshman.2. For three days, I ate a mixture of junk food by myself. I got the food from a machine placed out side my dorm as if to meet my needs.3. It didn’t matter whether you were widely liked or not; you did not have to follow other peopleso as to be accepted by everybody else.VocabularyI.Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words .1. I had just the feeling of a newcomer to college without the strength only an experienced student might possess.2. My apparent confidence3. Some food to appease my hunger4. Going with the tide of the majority was no longer crucial to your success in college5. Foolish and glaring mistakesII.Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in its appropriate form.Distress; clutched; pose; sneaked; preoccupation; shackles; curse; deliberationIII.Fill in the blank with the appropriate forms of the given words.Assure; discretion; relaxation; humiliate; strategy; embarrassment; maneuverable; maturityIV.Fill in the blank(s) in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.Lived up to; headed for; seek out; has broken out; grope for; trying ,on; go out to; tipped offV.Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.1.vague/indistinct;2.carefully/meticulously;3.self-restraint/self-control;4.clever/intelligent/sensible;5.manner/behaviour;6.excited/agitated;7.sneak;8.mature/sophisticatedVI.Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.Became popular; respect; keep up; lead to; understand; found;use; startgrammarII.Rewrite the following sentences,beginning each one with a noun phrase or nominal clause.1.My decision to resign was wise.2. Their readiness to accept the peace agreement really surprised the diplomatic world.3. My determination to pass the test helped me.4. Her failure to get into college disappointed her parents.My willingness to cooperate was appreciated.6. His refusal to help surprised me.7.The proposal that we should import more equipment is to be discussed atthe meeting.8. Who can have told you that puzzles me.III .Complete each sentence with what you think the most appropriate of the four choices given.DBCC; ABDB;IV. Combine the two sentences in each group into one,using s o that.1. I spent the afternoon seeking out each of my classrooms so that I could make a perfectly timed entrance before each lecture.2. He wore glassed and a false beard so that nobody would recognize him.3. The stranger spoke very slowly so that I could understand what he said.be disturbed.4. She locked the door so that she would n’ｔhear him.5. John whispered so that others could n’ｔ6. Please arrive early so that we can start the meeting on time.7. John has bought a bicycle so that he may save money on bus travel.8. The lecturer showed some slides so that he might illustrated his point.plete the following sentences using the words in the box.1-4.although/though; yet; however/though; however/nevertheless/though;5.although/though; still/nevertheless;6. despite/in spite of;7. although/though;8. however;9. however;10 despite/in spite of;TranslationII.Translate the following sentences into English,using the words and phrases given in brackets.1. It distressed me a great deal to hear the news that he had suffered repeated failures.2. He assumed an air of cheerfulness, even though he lost favor with his boss.3. Gulliver met with extraordinary adventures and saw a strange assortment of people.4. He will be furious with you if you repeat the same mistake.5. We were all greatly drawn by his frank views, humorous words and genial manner.6. After the thunderous applause die down, the Nobel Prize winner began his speech.。
新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材写作教程第三单元语法和练习部分参考答案.doc
新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材写作教程第三单元语法和练习部分参考答案.doc第三单元语法部分参考答案PART III GRAMMAR-ing and -ed forms of verbsReference for the Classroom Activitiesa_ That woman who is laughing is my mother.b. Finally. they found the treasure that had been hidden.c. ~is is the place that is most frequently reported in the press.d. The boy who was enchanted stared at the screen, mouth wide open.Now, ask students to summarize the use of the -ing and -ed forms as modifiers Summary1.The –ing form of a verb is used when the action described by the verb continues tohappen or when the relationship between the modified and the verb is active.2.The –ed form of a verb is used when the action is completed at the time anotheraction occurs or when the relationship between the modified and the verb ispassive.NounsReference for the Classroom Activitiesa. development of career educatorsb. readjustment of the flight timetablec. money problems of high-school art educationd. country for family vacatione. the study of the growth of childhood personalityNow, ask students to summarize the rules of using nouns as modifiers. SummaryNouns can be put ahead of another noun as its modifiers in English; but too manly nouns clustered can cause ambiguity and misunderstanding. Very often the maximum of nouns as modifiers is two, though sometimes this number may be exceeded. So the guiding principle for noun modifiers is that they shouldn’t pose too much difficulty to the reader’s comprehension.AdverbsReference for the Classroom Activitiesa.drive breezily (modifying the verb)b.strangely beautiful(modifying the adjective)c.too slowly(modifying the adverb)d.Firstly,1et’s listen to Dr．Smith’s report on his latest research．(modifying thewhole sentence)Now, ask students to summarize the rules of using adverbs as modifiers SummaryAn adverb can modify a verb, an adjective, another adverb, or even a whole sentence. It usually appears after the verb it modifies but before the adjective or the adverb. If it modifies the whole sentence, it can appear either at the beginning or at the end.Problems with modifiersReference for the Classroom Activities1．The problem with these phrases is the redundancy of modifiers．The modifiers are useless for they do nothing but repeat what the following nouns say．Useless modifiers can make your writing repetitious and wordy．2．a. The notice said nothing else．b. People other than visitors were not invited to see the exhibits．c. The visitors were invited to do nothing but see the exhibits on the third floor．D. There might be exhibits on other floors but the visitors were invited to see those the third floor.Now．ask students to summarize the problems with modifiers.Summary1.One problem is about useless modifiers. A useless modifier adds nothing to themeaning of the modified but redundancy.2.Another problem is concerned with misplaced modifiers. Clear writing demandsthat modifiers be put as close as possible to the word or phrase being modified. PART V FOLLOW-UP EXERCISES1. a. When I was assigned a certain task, I did it to my best abilityb. Fog can cause blindness.c. Recently 1 joined a social club which raises money for the care of needychildren, and we meet every Wednesday afternoon.d. An essay should be understandable to the reader.e. Many items are expensive at discount stores.f. Bears that have just come out of hibernation are usually hungry and dangerousg. The author should have shortened the story by half.h. The city's environmental surroundings are not the most comfortablei. I learned certain facts that I believe are vital to every freshman.2. a. simmer: cook food gently at or just below boiling pointsauté: fry quickly in a little hot fatbake: cook by using direct heat in an ovenb. Other verbs about cooking include roast, steam, braise, fry, deep-fry, boil, poach,scramble, grill, stew, curry, baste, barbecue.3. a. For dinner we had barbecued steaks and sweet corn.b. Last week my brother John joined an insurance company.c. He is not a friendly and easy-going colleague.d. Our view of the sea at sunset was splendid / breathtaking.e. It was a fine day to play outdoors.f. What impressed me most about the city was the hustle and bustle in the streets4.. There are seize, hurl, choke, blind, leap, flee, etc5. a. I admire Jenny's long black glossy hair so much.b. The fearless explorer finally landed at the South Pole.c. Fast driving on a smooth road can be great fun.d. John and I often wrote each other long e-mails full of jokese. The pale skinny woman fainted suddenly.6. a. I invited the visiting professor to the English Club.b. Shooting stars warn us of catastrophe.c. The deleted sentence was unnecessary.d. Stephanie tiptoed up the carpeted steps.e. The students attending the art school are highly active.f. The taped dollar bill split in half.g. Amy was the only winning contestant who was below 10h. The freshly painted house shone in the sun.7, a. indescribably b. darkc. occasionald. steadilye. surely, badf. terribly8. a. At his mother's request, he agreed to wait at least a year before getting married.b. Half of the girls in town were in love with Ben, but he wanted to marryChristine only.c. John hopes that in the years to come he can be as successful as his father has been.d. The winner of the contest ate almost three dozen frankfurters.e. Debbie knew that chicken when fried always pleased Ed.f. Mary could not resist the temptation to whisper in her friend's ear about what she had seen.。
新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材综合教程3课后答案15页word文档
Unit 1 Fresh Start1. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.I had just the feeling of a newcomer to college without the strength only an experienced studentmight possess.My apparent confidenceSome food to appease my hungerGoing with the tide of the majority was no longer crucial to your success in college RestraintsFoolish and glaring mistakes2. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.Distress; clutched; pose; sneaked; preoccupation; shackles3.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.Lived up to; headed for; seek out; has broken out; grope for; trying …on4. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.Assure; discretion; relaxation; humiliation; strategy; embarrassment5. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.Became popular; respect; keep up; lead to; understand; foundGrammar exercise2. CDBFAE4. even if, whereas/while, even, while/whereas, even though, despiteTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.It distressed me a great deal to hear the news that he had suffered repeated failures. He assumed an air of cheerfulness, even though he lost favor with his boss. Gulliver met with extraordinary adventures and saw a strange assortment of people. He will be furious with you if you repeat the same mistake.We were all greatly drawn by his frank views, humorous words and genial manner. After the thunderous applause die down, the Nobel Prize winner began his speech. Fill in each blank in the passage below with one word you think appropriate. to, on, survey; primary; money; with; that; attended/ entered; into; to; attracting; majors;population; decreasedUnit two Tyranny of the Urgent1. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.a series of; more demanding; affected me; earnest call for instant attention; in view of; beendominated by2. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.prominent; rebuked; breach; priority; haunt; tyranny; imperious; misgiving3.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from thetext.crowded out; catch up; called for; involved in; pushing aside; wish for4. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.tyrants; urgency; relieved; undoubtedly; irresistibly; deceive5. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.affects; catching up with; been involved in; doing, conducting; tell; rejected Grammar exercise2. not only.. but also; Either…or; and; or; so; and; neither…nor; but3. The recorded history of mankind is only 6,000 or 7,000 years, but within that short period oftime many civilizations have risen and fallen. The people of the Nile Valley created a highculture, and so did the people of the Tigirs-Euphrates Valley, but both of these culturesdisappeared. They were absorbed into the Greco-Roman culture that dominated the Mediterranean world, but this civilization also disintegrated in time. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.Memories of his childhood haunted him.More volunteers are needed to finish the exacting work.Housing ranks first on my list of priorities.Father rebuked his son for being lazy.In his “ The Way to Wealth”, Franklin gave reader many maxims on how to achieve earthlysuccess.His imperious manner was more than I could bear.The fire devoured the forests.The newspaper won’t accept any deceptive advertisement.Fill in each blank in the passage below with one word you think appropriate. however; out; defined; difficult; First; for; yourself; which/that; to; involves; accomplish; are; to;don’t; hourUnit Three Chinese FoodComprehension1. C2. T F T T3. Food to us Chinese is one of the greatest joys in life: it is thought about before beingprepared; it is treated with lots of love and care while being prepared; and when it is ready, itis enjoyed with excessive amount of time.The main reason for the sudden and tremendous popularity of Chinese food throughout thewhole Western world lies in tow facts: one is the increased desire for sensual pleasures andfreedom from age-old customs in the West; the other is the notion of physical pleasure provided by Chinese food which is always ready to satisfy the taste of the eater.1. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.emotional strength; something to keep the body running; lower-class type; a number of dishes thatare served one after another in an orderly way; in the sense of the words2. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.fastidious; ecstasies; lavish; elusive; phenomenal; proceeding; enterprise; contrived3.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from thetext.come off; conform to; derived … from; attend to; have sprung up ; come about 4. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words. disregard; authoritative; ubiquity; desirable; piquancy; ceremonially5. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.explains; accidentally found; discuss with; start; play a dominant role; think about it carefullyGrammar:3. CBDABA4. The noise was more than what I can bear.We are more than happy to heop you in any way we can.No less than a thousand people participated in the marathon.He is no more interested in chemistry than his brother.It is more a poem than a picture.He was accused of no less a crime than high treasonTranslationYou should have told me in advance that you would further your studies in America. He lavished too much care on his grandchildren.Various new technology industries have sprung up.Many English words derive from Latin, Greek and French words.A philosopher holds that contradictory oppositions are ubiquitous.His kindness is part and parcel of his nature.He is possessed of phenomenal memory and intelligence.He is fastidious about food and clothes.Cloze: to; having; basic; do; skip; on; served; whatever; staple; with; dinner; also; while; fitUnit Four1. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.having just experienced; have accurate and up-to-date information about; As you would expect; adifferent place or environment to be in; do not feel like to; finish/ graduate from 2. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.solely; entail; passionately; assumed; replenish; rambles; adhere; entertain 3.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from thetext.saw to; relates to; came across; cluttered up; sympathize with; occur to4. Fill in each blank with one of the words for each pairincidentally; accidentally; economical, economic; vacation, vocation; care for; care about;sensuous; sensitive; sensual; sensible; jealous; envious; jealous5. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.make understood; tried to get; is formed by; thought seriously about; settle; interruptinggrammar2. themselves; /; /; /;; himself; yourselves; herself; yourself; /; /5. need not hurry; dare not take; need not have paid; need not have been; dare not cross; dare notcross; dare not takeTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.This company is mostly composed of young people fresh from school.It never occurred to me that he would ever do such a thing.I’ll try my best to persuade him if need be.It is difficult to keep track of my fellow students after graduation.Who is going to see to the desserts after dinner.Don’t bother your boss with such trifles.My work was to replenish our stock time and again.He often clutter up his study.Clozesharing/doing; at; What; bulbs; many; doing; in; than; achievements; alive; while; upper; ran; kept;raisedUnit Five4. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.But the obituary did list the family members of the dead man quite accurately. It was the boy who made efforts to divert his father’s attention from work. 1. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.died from self-motivated overwork; most likely, the highest position in the company; with nospecific skills wanted by employers; trying to discover facts about his father; hadbeen veryimportant; a person suited by nature for heart-attack2. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.survived; grabs; discreetly; deceased, obituary; conceivably; board; executives; classics3.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from thetext.precisionist; competitiveness; execution; presided; marital; accompanied4. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.died of; stay up; cares for; straightened out; picked out; given up5. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.disappointed; wait; firmly demanded; read; meant; entered cheerfullyTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.My immediate boss is a typical workaholic, for he works for over ten hours each day all the yearround.The principal attaches much importance to extracurricular activities and he believes that they willhelp to cultivate students’ tremendous interest in the external world.He always grabs a shower, a sandwich and then a taxi to go to work every Monday morning.Since you are leaving the company, you should straighten out the accounts within the week.He often stays up at night in order to finish writing his Ph. D. dissertation on time.Nothing can replace the profoundest love in one’s heart of hearts.He is considered a natural for the post of the president, for he has been an excellent vice-presidentfor almost ten years.He is just too common to be picked out from the crowd.Fill in each blank in the passage below with one word you think appropriate. Far, difference, must, secondly, cannot, by, what, of, sense, what, paid, called, offers, compelled,livingUnit 6ABCDT T T FIt would be unwise to pursue a gaol that is bound to fail though it might be noble to do so.I think the essence of wisdom is to free oneself from the confinement of the physical world andthe emotional world and look beyond.Vocabulary exercise1. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.help to cultivate or foster; consider, give proper value to each; certainly, brought a good andhelpful effect to mankind, in reality; talk about some thing less important, destroy or ruin eachother; connect with; accordingly2. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.pursue, ceased; attainable; enmity; populous; surpassed; impartial; appallingly 3.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from thetext.intellectual; intelligent; intelligent; intellectualuninterested; disinterestedcontinuous; continualunaffected; disaffected;By all means; by no meansforgetful; forgettable4. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words. beneficiaries; undesirable; horizontally; descendants; increasingly; philosophical5. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.contracted; keep quiet; investigate; treat; go; lost consciousnessGrammar exercise2. When, lest, Although, not only …but also, because, Although, While, since 5. doesn’t he, won’t it; does she, wouldn’t he, have we, aren’t they, aren’t I, can heTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.The result surpasses their expectations.We should take account of the cost of the project.The fine weather contributed to the success of the scientific expedition. Ronaldo, one of the football stars from Brazil, scored several spectacular goals in the 2019 FIFAWorld Cup.Many honorary degrees from different colleges and universities in America were conferred uponRobert Frost for his remarkable contributions to poetry.Patience and perseverance are required in emancipation from bad habits.They tried to instill such new ideas into students’ minds.You should demonstrate impartiality in your assessment of the employees.Fill in each blank in the passage below with one word you think appropriate.Over, here, would, to, disciplines, less, ways, underlie, hard, like, altogether, to, achieve, worldUnit 75. explain in your own wordsJust because I have decided to do you a favor sell you the love potions, I feel safe telling youall the secrets about my medicines.“They, the love potions,” said the old man, “ will help change the girl’s attitude towards you.She will no longer neglect or contempt you. Instead, she will begin to give you deep-feltlove and care …”1. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own wordsfeeling very much worried and afraid; everything I sell could be well deemed as extraordinary;difficult to notice; which is more than enough; have much more everlasting effects than onlythe momentary impulse; with extreme happiness and enthusiasm2. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.creaky; peered; acquaintance; detachment; raptures; giddy; overwhelmed; obliged 3.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from thetext.save up; care about; indulges in; reached for; peered about; deals in4. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words. obscurity; acquainted; perceptible; apprehension; indifferent; rapt5. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.expect; have; accept; imagine; was; achieveTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.To me, you are definitely more than an acquaintance.Many artisans deal in a variety of handicrafts in the region.They went into raptures over the unexpected success.Much to my surprise, he analyzed with detachment the dangerous situation that threatened all ofthem.She peered at the strange from behind the curtain.During the holidays, he indulged in the luxury of a bath of sunshine on the beach. When she learnt the news of his death, she was overwhelmed with grief.I’m not in favor of buying a house on the installment plan; instead, I maintain that everyone of usshould save up for a rainy day.Fill in each blank in the passage below with one word you think appropriate.If, no, through, with, does, that, want, Here, sung, and, but, upon, precious, nor Unit 86. explainIn order to have a little fun under the stress of modern life, people indulged themselves even moreintensively in dangerous adventures and excessive sex, alcohol and drugs.We have long assumed that fun was easy to have, but now we are paying a price for thatshallow-mindedness, i.e., our party is hardly as much fun as it is intended to be.1. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.be morally too strict with ourselves to enjoy life; that made all other questions lesssignificant; counting fun as the most important quality in life; the best example of your funworld; like something negative that you can hardly get rid of; inflicting pains upon us as ameans of revenge2. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.Depression, stick, blasphemy, damp, regrettable, deserving, reverence, mirthful 3.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from thetext.turn into; occurred to; end up; step up; pay …back; look forward to4. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.thrilled; insured; depressed; undeserved; generosity; benefits5. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.showed; represent ; fully explain; challenged by; support; unhappyGrammar exercise4. such …that; thus; in that; With; so …that; Owing toTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.It goes without saying that Shakespeare overshadows all the other playwrights throughout theages.The Great Gatsby is commonly deemed as the epitome of the Jazz Age of the last century inAmerica.It is advisable for you not to put a damper on his enthusiasm to further his studies at Harvard.Young people tend to make a fetish of glamorous stars in sports and entertainment circles.They traipsed all the way to the People’s Square for the celebrations of the National Day.He does not deserve such severe punishment as he has committed neither serious errors nor gravecrimes.Every time I met him, he would talk a whole lot of nonsense.He said that reputation is a trap into which many people are ready to fall.Fill in each blank in the passage below with one word you think appropriate. As, which, amount, less, relief, nature, even, with, without, should, loss, worth, what, providedUnit 9 On becoming a better student4. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.When they start school, children are curious and ready to try every means to explore the unknown.However, they end up losing the pioneering spirit after years of formal education. “Advanced” learners are likely to make some mistakes. For example, they may become excessively satisfied with their progress or, on the contrary, put too much pressure on themselvesto score further achievements.1. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.But the ability to view again at another time from a different perspective; with immense pleasantsurprise; when children come to school, nobody is sure how they will be, but when they leaveschool, they have developed their emotional attitude towards life and formed their outlook towardsthe world; be provided with ready answers and ideas; do pioneering work; Don’t let theknowledge you have acquired be a hindrance to your learning of something new 2. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.Precedence; stigma; proportional; strain; pertinent; injurious; relevance; therapy 3.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from thetext.Goes out of the way; have been breaking through; consist of; hold on to; object to; live up to4. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words. Substantial; motivation; committed; restrictions; subtle; thrilling5. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.Submitted; take care of; attentive in; written in honor of; accept; so involved Grammar exercise2. Being; to say, to do; Hearing/To hear; To complete; to be; to be; to sit, to hear, howling;Teasing; Playing; Learning3. sitting at the back; for you to do as you are told; to swim across the Channel;to hear that he hadalready left the company; To open the window; to trifle with; Being a qualified plumber; everwritten; Left to himself; Hoping to find the willTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.He felt heavily weighted with such high expectations from his parents.He interpreted the incident in a favorable light.I detest him, for he often goes out of his way to backbite others.Many religious teachings urge people to transcend the mundane success.Personal initiative is one of the essential elements in promoting your career.I don’t think it is a good method of teaching to spoon-feed students.I will spare no efforts to accomplish the task by the end of the next month, for I don’t want tosuffer from the stigma of having broken my promise.I’ve got much information pertinent to the new policies in education.Fill in each blank in the passage below with one word you think appropriate. Of, return professional, arts, continuing/further, opportunities, to, Rather, with, offer, analogy,industryUnit 10First, I wrote the poem out of my sincere passion and with my great intelligence. My father thought that the poem I wrote was too affected and artificial, but anyway, it did revealsome sign that I had potent ability in poetry writing.I shall not be spoiled by my mother’s tender love, neither be discouraged by my father’s stern love.I shall follow my own way, with the combination of the two loves.1. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.decorate the poem so that it would become eye-catching; shouted at, reprimanded; dispelled,dispensed; insisted; having headache; gradually became evident to me; weaken my pride2. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.staggered; buffeted; soothed; counseled; glows; ranting; exquisite; capsized 3.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from thetext.navigation; elaboration; advantageous; thunderous; soothing; triumphant4. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.pour out; burst in; sentence … to; dawned on; took … down a peg; on the crest of 5. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.live a fairly satisfactory life; go and attend; be punished for; talk about; came;refreshGetting up, walking; making; carry; getting; leading; live; writing; stealing; Grammar exercise3. To his working, living; beging; to teaching; from doing; for playing; for doing; being talked;on becoming, from putting, for making4. Up for; out; to; out of; up against; round to; in with; onTranslationShe was used to nothing short of the best.I have no idea what you mean.The referee held his ground although his decision was hotly contested by the crowd. His speech worked up the feelings of an audience.The truth at last dawned on him.Susan had so many things to do that she could not do justice to her lessons. Clozeheterogeneous; assimilate; heritage; preservation; mobility; trends; institution; adaptation; decline;structureUnit 11Explain the following sentences.One is less inhibited from lying; his ability to tell the truth form the falsehood is dulled; he maybecome less cautious against being caught.When it becomes common enough to tell small lies, even the small unharmful ones will inducedoubt and distrust.Those lies that are most understandable and acceptable are based on what moralists call theprinciple of love and care rather than of trust.1. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.Of the greatest importance to the whole world; to avoid hurting the others’ feelings; modifying thetruth; a course of action which can easily lead to something unacceptable, wrong or disastrous;under any circumstances; a broad accurate guide or principle, based on past experience rather thantheory2. Choose the best answer.BDAACB3.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from thetext.Cover up; blurted out; set up; find out; wear down; specialize in4. Fill in each blank with one of the two words from each pair and note the differenceof meaningbetween them.Admittance/admission, admission, admissionInstitution, instituteConsul, consultantIntensive, intenseSuspected, doubtedCompliments, complement5. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.Cancelled; overcome; follow; fell into; make it more acceptable; feel unhappy about Translation1. Hamlet feigned madness when he was hesitating what to do.2. Prevarication is one of the techniques this businessman likes to employ.3. Sometimes the light of the truth is just too dazzling, so white lies are ubiquitous.4. Many women in America profess that they are unhappy with their status of second-classcitizens.5. On the impulse of the moment, he blurted out the secret.6. You should get rid of any prejudice, resist temptations and let nothing warp your judgment.7. Being over-sensitive and imaginative, he often weaves a tangled web in mind.8. `He is very popular among his peers as he always tries to spare others any trouble. Fill in each blank in the passage below with one word you think appropriate. For, features, just, of, anniversary, as, roughly, rooted, urban, started, that, heart, being, whoUnit 124. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.as long as we can avoid walking, we are willing to do anything possible, however unnaturalor ridiculous it may be.I was very likely the only person who had ever attempted to cross that intersection on foot.1. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.pleasant, comfortable; in fact, practicallyspread; legs;very long; physical exerciseswas made to realize thisdecided not to have coffee and instead to goconsidered; held in mind2. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.negotiated; debonair; dodging; notion; compact; contortion; thrive; undertaking 3.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocationtaken from thetext.agreeable; eccentricity; acquainted; ridicule; triumphant; deficiencies4. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.going about; going through; pops out; pace off; pulled up; dug out5. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.encountered; cause; agreed to; unique of; doing nothing; relies onGrammar exercise1. Complete the sentences with the past perfect or past perfect progressive of the verbs in thebrackets.had been talking; had been working; had worked; had been applying; had broken; had beenstanding; had swallowed; had been2. complete the following sentences according to the given situation.had been empty; had been working for the company; had been waiting for me for half anhour; had had lunch3. Fill in the blank with one of the words and phrases in the box.once; nowadays; ages ago; lately; just; soon; after a long time; immediately; Eventually;onceTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.The university is one of the most venerable institutions of higher education in the world.If one is deficient in practical experience, he can hardly make himself a success with only what hehas acquired in class.I felt exasperated by constant interruptions, for I had to finish writing the monograph by the end ofthis week.He feels that it is ludicrous to write about a contemporary topic in an ancient style. The Bund in Shanghai was a place where young couples like to come to coo in the 70’s and 80’sof the last century.His daughter is very sedate for a girl of about ten, for she likes reading more than playing.The couple strolled hand-in-hand along the country road when the sun in its first splendor steepedthe earth.The poet was commonly considered as an eccentric romantic genius when alive.Fill in each blank in the passage below with one word you think appropriate. on; hates; as; growth; need; develop; expensive; on; affect; little; traffic; which;。
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P A R T I I F O C U SThe teacher is expected to help students appreciate the effects of using participles and absolutes in their writingsParticiplesGetting to know participlesReference for the Classroom Activities1. Sentence b: handing (describing she)Sentence c: wandering, picking (both describing friends) ;Sentence d: made (used with had to indicate the past perfect tense)Sentence e: surprised (describing Tigger) ;Sentence f. filled (used with were to indicate the passive voice)Sentence g. staring (describing Tigger)Sentence h: left (describing nothing) ; checking (describing Roo)Sentence i: looking (describing Pooh)Sentence j. looking (describing Roo);Sentence k. gone (used with have to indicate the present perfect tense)Sentence l: picking (describing friends), fallen (describing raspberries)Sentence m. waiting (used with was to indicate the present continuous tense)2. a. smiling b. Readingc. Swimmingd. competinge. mentionedf. Jumping, thrown, brokeng. published, informing h. Having, exhausted, relievedComplex participle phrases*In this passive form, being is usually omitted, and then it becomes the past participle.Reference for the Classroom Activities1. Refer to the above table for the meanings of the present participles.2. a. The computer bought last week brings happiness to everyone in my family.b. Being back in my hometown, I didn't know that my professor had assigned another 5,000-word paper.c. Standing in front of the picture painted by a post-impressionist, many people pretended that they could understand it. / Many people stood in front of the picture painted by a post-impressionist, pretending that they could understand it.d. Looking out of the window of the train, the boy was amused by the power lines dancing up and down in the air.Extra ActivitiesCombine each of the following groups of sentences into one sentence using participlesa. She was born in a common family.She was educated in an average college.She is satisfied with her present life.b. The students have finished their exams.They feel greatly relieved.As a result, they plan to play cards the whole nightc. Jimmy set his feet into the starting blocks.He stared ahead intently.d. Larry was sitting in a corner of the pub.Larry held his head in his hands.Larry was so depressed that even the best joke in the world couldn't cheer him up.Suggested answers to the Extra Activitiesa. Born in a common family and educated in an average college, she is satisfied with her present life.b. Having finished their exams and feeling greatly relieved, the students plan to play cards the whole night.c. Jimmy set his feet into the starting blocks, staring ahead intently.d. Holding his head in his hands, Larry was sitting in a corner of the pub, so depressed that even the best joke in the world couldn't cheer him up.B. Participles with conjunctionsSuggested answers to the questionStructure: They are all composed of a conjunction and a participle, and the noun in the main clause is the logical subject or object.Meaning: Sentence a: time; Sentence b: concession; Sentence c: condition.Reference for the Classroom Activities1. a. Kate fell asleep when/while reading Bob's letter.b. She started to chat with her friend after finishing / having finished her work.c. Although having seen it a thousand and one times, the old man still watches the video from time to time.d. Although closely watched by the guards, the prisoner plans to escape.e. It is believed that if read many times, an article will naturally be understood.f. If buying more, you can pay less.2. Ask students to work on their own and write two sentences for each of the types.Getting to know participles' functionsA. Creating concise sentencesSuggested answers to the questions1. Yes.2. There are two complete ideas in each sentence.3. The relationship between the two complete ideas becomes closer from Sentence a through Sentence d. Sentence d has the closest relationship between the two ideas4. Sentence d is the most efficient.B. Producing more detailed sentencesSuggested answers to the questionIn Group a, Sentence 2 is the best, in which the present participles describe live animated actions. In Group b, the best sentence is also Sentence 2, in which the actions are simultaneous. In Group c, Sentence 3 is the best sentence in which the present participle and the past participle are combined most efficiently.C. Establishing clearer logicReference for the Classroom Activities1. a. Thinking about her kid at home, Judy made several mistakes in her work.b. The car raced along the street, sending passers-by to run for shelter. / Racing along the street, the car sent passers-by to run for shelter.c. Born in Guangzhou and educated in Nanjing, she is now working as a manager in Beijing.d. Having been shocked and chased by a ferocious dog, the thief hid behind a dustbin, holding his breath for fear of being found.e. The bomb blew up in the distance, shaking the ground slightly and making bursts of light on the dark horizon.2. a. Hearing the news, I thought the world had ended for me.b. I sat happily in my chair, reading a newspaper.c. (correct)d. Shocked at the sight of his teacher, the boy stood there dumbfounded.e. Having lived there for twenty years, I know this place like the back of my hand.3. Ask students to go over their writings, and pay attention to their use of the participles.AbsolutesGetting to know absolutesSuggested answers to the exercise1. An absolute construction is a participle phrase whose logical subject is different fromthe sentence subject.2. A. determiner + n. + participle verb + other parts of the participle phraseB. n. + participle verb+ other parts of the participle phraseC. n. + other parts of the participle phraseReference for the Classroom ActivitiesAsk students to work on their own and write three sentences using different forms of absolute constructions.Using absolutes with purposeA. Adding descriptive detailsSuggested answers to the exerciseYou can get the following sentences:a + b: The manager sat quietly in his office, his eyes closed, a cigarette burning his hand.c + d: Sam walked slowly off the playground, his face streaked with tears, his leg bleeding.What's more, participles and absolutes, although somewhat different, can be used together to create vivid descriptions. For example:The girl sat nervously in her office, eyes closed, waiting for the telephone to ring.The middle-aged man stood in the street corner, hands put in his pockets, eyeing every passer-by.B. Indicating cause-effect relationshipsIn most cases, when the absolute is used for description, it is put at the end of the sentence; when it is used to suggest a cause-effect relationship, it is put at the beginning of the sentence.Reference for the Classroom Activities1. a. The boy leaned against a tree, hands in pockets.b. He glared at his boss, his mouth shut, and his hands clenched.c. The interviewee entered the office, her eyes fixed on her feet.d. The rabbit stared at the approaching wolf, his four feet fixed to the ground, to frightened to move.e. The girl was enjoying her favorite song, her eyes shut, her head moving from side to side.2. a. Two of my new bikes having got stolen here, I will never come to this place again.b. Several flecks coming upon her face again, she doesn't want to meet her boyfriend today.c. Its bottom torn open by a bomb, the ship sank slowly into the sea.d. Its overseas advertisements being rather successful, the school has attracted manyforeign students.e. The accountant being careless, I was given $1,000 more last month.3. Ask students to look at their written work again, and see if they can combine some sentences by using absolutes. This can be done either as individual or group/pair work.PART III GRAMMARComma-Split SentencesSuggested answers to the questions1. There are two ideas in each sentence. The two ideas are connected by a comma.2. No, the relationship is not clear. We can try to use some compound or subordinate conjunctions to clarify the relationship.3. See the rules in the summary.Reference for the Classroom Activitiesa. I had no idea what I was getting into, and I did not really care.b. You can't go home now since it is raining so heavily.c. Seeing the escaping thief, the cop stopped his car, got off, and started to chase himd. If you study hard, you will succeed.e. When she said "Yes," he felt he was in heaven.Now, ask students to summarize the rules against comma-split sentencesSummary1.When we use a comma to connect two separate ideas, or two independent sentences, we commit acomma-split;ma-split sentences are not acceptable because a comma is not strong enough to indicate therelationship between two ideas;ma-split sentences can be improved by clarifying the relationship between the two ideas.Commonly used methods are:1)using a comma and a conjunction like and, but, yet, etc.2)turning one idea into a subordinate clause with if, when, although, because, etc.3)using participles and absolutes;4)using punctuation marks that are strong enough, like colon(:) and semicolon (:).Fused SentenceSuggested answers to the questions1. Each sentence contains two ideas.2. Yes, because the sentences are not clearly divided.3. Strategies suggested to improve comma-split sentences can also be used to improve fusedsentences.Reference for the Classroom Activitiesa. In some part of China marriages are still arranged by parents. Consequently money becomesmore important than love.b. Vegetables are good to your health. However, overeating them will also be harmful.c. People watch TV for different reasons, so their judgement naturally differs.d. These houses sell very well, because they enjoy first of all a very desirable location.e. Nobody will completely love this kind of mass-produced food, but nobody will be unbearablyput off, either.Now, ask students to summarize the rules against fused sentences。