2022届高考英语一轮总复习专题九定语从句学案(含解析)新人教版

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专题九定语从句

考点精讲

考点一关系词的用法

关系词被修饰的先行词关系词在从句中充当的成分

who 指人的词主语、宾语、表语

whom 指人的词宾语

whose 指人或物的词定语

that 指人或物的词主语、宾语、表语

which 指物的词或整个主句主语、宾语、表语

as 指人或物的词或整个主句主语、宾语、表语

when 表示时间的名词时间状语

where 表示地点的名词地点状语

why 表示原因的名词reason 原因状语

有些在语言学习上很有成就的人,在其他领域常常一无所成。

I have many friends to whom I'm going to send postcards.

我有很多朋友,我打算寄明信片给他们。

Children who are not active or whose diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.很少进行体育锻炼或饮食富含脂肪的孩子体重会增加很快。

He will tell you everything that he heard about it.

他将告诉你他所听到的关于这件事的一切。

This is the factory(which/that)we visited last year.

这就是我们去年参观的那家工厂。

As we know,smoking is harmful to one's health.

众所周知,吸烟有害健康。

There are occasions when(=on which)one must yield.

任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

Beijing is the place where(=in which) I was born.

北京是我的出生地。

Is this the reason why(=for which)he refused our offer?

这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?

特别提示: whose指人或物,作定语。表示“……的”,可以转换为“of +关系代词”,指人时可以用of whom,指物时可以换成of which。

The prize will go to the writer whose story/of whom the story shows the most imagination.

所写故事最具想象力的作家将获奖。

对他来说世界上好像没有不可能的事。

Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?

你知道他们正在谈论的人和事吗?

My house,which I bought last year,has got a lovely garden.

我去年买的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。

The reason for which he refused the invitation is not clear.

他拒绝邀请的原因不清楚。

What's that which was put in the car?

被放入车内的是什么?

1

先行词是表示时间的名词,从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语,引导词常用关系副词when,when在从句中充当时间状语,也可用“介词+which”结构代替。

I still remember the day when I first came to this school.

我还记得我第一次来这所学校的那天。

The film brought the hours back to me,when I was taken good care of in that faraway village.

这部电影把我带回到在那个偏僻的村子我被细心照顾的岁月。

The book was written in 1946,since when the education system has witnessed great changes.

这本书写于1946年。自那时以来,教育制度已经历了巨大的变化。

2.关系副词where引导的定语从句

(1)先行词是表示地点的名词时,从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语,引导词常用关系副词where,where在从句中充当地点状语。

Jane paused in front of a counter where some attractive ties were on display.简停留在一个柜台前,一些吸引人的领带摆在那儿。

(2)有时先行词是表示抽象意义的地点名词,像activity,business,career,case,job,point,position,race,stage,situation等,当从句中缺少状语时,用关系副词where。

They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.

他们已经到了必须分手的地步。

It's helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.

把孩子放在一个能使他们从不同角度认识自己的处境中对他们是有帮助的。

3.关系副词why引导的定语从句

关系副词why引导定语从句时,修饰表示原因的名词。只能在定语从句中作原因状语,可用for which代替,有时也可以省略。

The reason why he didn't pass the driving test was that he lacked practice.因为缺少实践,他没有通过驾驶考试。

1

句中的动词或形容词与先行词的固定搭配;③句子的意思。

I'll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country.

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