(老高考适用)高考英语二轮总复习第1部分阅读能力突破篇专题2阅读七选五第3讲根据行文逻辑解题

第一部分专题二第3讲根据行文逻辑解题
A
(2022·甘肃省高三第一次高考诊断考试)
It was Jennifer Williamsʼs mother who got her interested in books.She read to her three children every day.“Not until we went to kindergarten，” Williams told vadogwood , a local news site.“Until we went to college.” When Williams, now 54, became an elementary school teacher and tutor in Danville, she wanted her students to fall in love with reading just as she had. 1
To Williams, the solution was simple：Give kids books.In 2017 she gave away 900 used childrenʼs books over three days. 2 “I was like, ʼAnybody could do that，ʼ”she said.“I wanted to do something bigger.”
So she set a new goal for herself： 3 It sounds like an unreachable number, but as Williams posted on Facebook ：“Donʼt plain in the seats at a sports ground if you arenʼt willing to work hard out on the field.”
So she got to work, first by persuading friends to donate books or money to buy books. 4 As quickly as the books e in, Williams gives them to local schools—free of charge—and also supplies books to little free libraries.
In the four years sheʼs been doing all this, the Book Lady, has given away more than 78, 000 books—only 922, 000 more to reach her goal! 5 Because itʼs extremely important for kids to have more books to choose from while reading.
A．And sheʼs not slowing down.
B．To give away one million books.
C．I was quite proud of the book I had read.
D．Most people would be satisfied with that number.
E．Bee the person who gives away the most books.
F．Then, as news spread, strangers started donating books to her.
G．However, she realized that some kids had limited access to books.
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。

文章讲述了小学老师Jennifer Williams为缺书的孩
子们筹集书籍的故事。

1．G 段尾题。

根据下文“To Williams, the solution was simple：Give kids books.(对威廉姆斯来说，解决办法很简单：给孩子们书。

)”可知，空处与下文形成转折关系，提到了孩子们阅读时遇到的问题。

G项：However, she realized that some kids had limited access to books.(然而，她意识到一些孩子接触书籍的机会有限。

)符合语境。

故选G。

2．D 段中题。

根据上文“In 2017 she gave away 900 used childrenʼs books over three days.(2017年，她在三天内送出了900本用过的儿童书籍。

)”可知，空处对上文的行为进行评价，D项中的“that number”指代上文中提到的“900 used childrenʼs books”。

D项：Most people would be satisfied with that number.(大多数人会对这个数字感到满意。

)符合语境。

故选D。

3．B 段中题。

根据上文“So she set a new goal for herself(所以她给自己设定了一个新的目标)”根据下文“It sounds like an unreachable number, but as Williams posted on Facebook：ʼDonʼt plain in the seats at a sports ground if you arenʼt willing to work hard out on the field.ʼ(这听起来像是一个不可达到的数字，但正如威廉姆斯在Facebook上发布的：“如果你不愿意在操场上努力锻炼，就不要在操场的座位上抱怨。

”)”可知，她的目标是捐赠很多书。

B项：To give away one million books.(捐赠一百万本书。

)符合语境。

故选B。

4．F 段中题。

根据上文“So she got to work, first by persuading friends to donate books or money to buy books.(于是她开始工作，首先说服朋友们捐书或出钱买书。

)”可知，空处进一步说明捐赠书的来源，F项中的“Then”和上文中的“first”对应。

F项：Then, as news spread, strangers started donating books to her.(后来，随着消息的传播，陌生人开始向她捐赠书籍。

)符合语境。

故选F。

5．A 段中题。

根据下文“Because itʼs extremely important for kids to have more books to choose from while reading.( 因为对于孩子来说，在阅读的时候有更多的书可以选择是非常重要的。

)”可知，因为孩子们需要更多的书来进行选择，所以她没有放慢脚步，朝着目标前进，下文和空处形成因果关系，A项：And sheʼs not slowing down.(而且她没有放慢脚步。

)符合语境。

故选A。

B
(2022·陕西省榆林市高三第一次模拟考试)
Volunteering means to carry out a duty or a job without expecting repayment or
reward.The concept is very popular in advanced or rich countries.But in some countries, many people look at volunteering as a waste of time and effort. 6 .
One is immediately seen as selfless and helpful when one volunteers to help out someone such as a friend, teacher or parent. 7 , when you help a teacher to clean the classroom or get involved in a cleanliness campaign at the school level or other munity projects.Teachers and adults would look at a young person who volunteers his or her time for certain activities as mature, responsible and deserving of respect.
In addition, volunteering with an organization such as orphanages, munity centers and other nonprofit organizations allows you to interact with society at large.In addition to helping these organizations carry out their duties, you not only gain experience but can learn a variety of skills. 8 .Even though they are not being paid, through volunteering time, effort and skills, one would learn more than what money can buy.
9 .For example, if you volunteer your time regularly at a charity organization, you would learn how the organization works and the importance of teamwork, and other essential ideas related to the daytoday operations of the organizations.
Thus, with so many benefits, students, in particular, should be allowed to participate in volunteer activities. 10 .
A．You will feel you are proud
B．Your standing would be lifted
C．This is especially beneficial to students
D．One should actively be involved in volunteering
E．However, one can gain many benefits from volunteering
F．They can learn useful interpersonal and organizational skills
G．Volunteering also exposes one to many interesting ideas and issues
【语篇解读】本文是说明文，介绍了做志愿者给学生带来的积极益处。

6．E 段尾题。

根据前文“But in some countries, many people look at volunteering as a waste of time and effort.(但在一些国家，许多人认为志愿服务是浪费时间和精力的事。

)”和第三段段首句“In addition, volunteering with an organization such as
orphanages, munity centers and other nonprofit organizations allows you to interact with society at large.(此外，在孤儿院、社区中心和其他非营利性组织做志愿者，可以让你与整个社会进行互动。

)”可知，首段尾句应承上启下，反驳有些人对志愿活动的错误观点，且引出下文阐明从事志愿活动的益处，E选项“However, one can gain many benefits from volunteering (然而，一个人可以从志愿活动中收获良多)”符合文意，故选E。

7．B 段中题。

根据后文“Teachers and adults would look at a young person who volunteers his or her time for certain activities as mature, responsible and deserving of respect.(老师和成年人会认为那些自愿花时间参加某些活动的年轻人是成熟的、负责任的、值得尊重的。

)”可知，空格处应列举自愿为老师及其他社会机构劳动带来的益处，B选项“Your standing would be lifted (你的地位将会得到提升)”符合文意，故选B。

8．C 段中题。

根据前文“you not only gain experience but can learn a variety of skills (你不仅能获得经验，还能学到各种技能)”可知，做志愿服务能使人成长，C选项“This is especially beneficial to students (这对学生尤其有益)”承接上文语义，强调工作经验和技能提升对从事志愿服务的学生有更加重要的意义，符合文意，故选C。

9．G 段首题。

根据前文“In addition, volunteering with an organization such as orphanages, munity centers and other nonprofit organizations allows you to interact with society at large.(此外，在孤儿院、社区中心和其他非营利性组织做志愿者，可以让你与整个社会进行互动。

)”可知，该处也应表述志愿服务带来的益处；且根据后文“you would learn how the organization works and the importance of teamwork, and other essential ideas related to the daytoday operations of the organizations(你会学到组织是如何运转的，团队合作的重要性，以及其他与组织日常运作相关的本质思想)”可知，该段主要表述从事志愿服务会让你接触很多有趣的理念和问题，G选项“Volunteering also exp oses one to many interesting ideas and issues (志愿活动也使人接触到许多有趣的想法和问题)”符合文意，故选G。

10．F 段尾题。

根据前文“Thus, with so many benefits, students, in particular, should be allowed to participate in volunteer activities.(因此，有这么多的好处，尤其是学生，应该被允许参加志愿者活动。

)”可知，该处建议学生群体尤其应当多参加志愿服务活动。

F选项“They can learn useful interpersonal and organizational skills (他们可以学到有用的人际交往和组织方面的技能)”承接上文语义，阐明学生参加志愿活动的意义，符合文意，故选F。

C
(2022·黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三第二次模拟)
We all know at least one person shows confidence and grace (优雅) without working at it. 11 , make sure to avoid the following mon bodylanguage errors.
Slouching (佝背)
Slouching is a huge nono. 12 .It may be caused by our habit of sitting in front of puters for long periods, but as soon as you get up from your chair, itʼs time to straighten out that back.Try squaring out your chest slightly while keeping your shoulders back.
Weak Handshaking
Itʼs programmed in our minds to consider somebody with a weak handshake as untrustworthy.Unfortunately, thereʼs no way around it—you either have a firm handshake and appear trustworthy or you donʼt.Itʼs not a good idea to have a crushing (太用力的) handshake, either. 13 .
Rolling Your Eyes
This is the classic way of showing disfort or anger. 14 , but your partner will definitely feel offended by your way of letting them know what they said isnʼt worth a second thought.
Leaning (倾斜) Back
15 .It shows that youʼre not threatening.However, thereʼs a fine line between leaning back right and leaning back wrong.If done incorrectly, youʼll appear to be uninterested in what your partner has to say.Itʼs better to play it safe and keep a straight back.
A．So try to stand straight
B．If you want your body to make the same impression
C．Sitting backward a bit can be good for your conversation
D．All cultures are different in terms of proper social conduct
E．But itʼs one of the most monly made bodylanguage errors
F．It can feel good to respond to a silly statement by rolling your eyes G．You can respond with similar amount of pressure that your shaking partner gives
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要讲的是一些错误的肢体语言和纠正方法。

11．B 段中题。

空格前“We all know at least one person shows confidence and grace (优雅) without working at it.(我们都知道，至少有一个人不用努力就能表现出自信和优雅。

)”，空格后“make sure to avoid the following mon bodylanguage errors(一定要避免以下常见的肢体语言错误)”，说明空格处应表示如果你也想像人家那样就按照下面的做，B选项“If you want your body to make the same impression(如果你想让你的身体给人留下同样的印象)”承上启下，说明如果想让自己也和别人一样优雅就要避免以下常见的肢体语言错误，因此B选项符合语境。

故选B。

12．E 段中题。

空格前“Slouching is a huge nono.(佝背是绝对不可以的。

)”，空格后“It may be caused by our habit of sitting in front of puters for long periods, but as soon as you get up from your chair, itʼs time to straighten out that back.(这可能是由于我们长时间坐在电脑前的习惯造成的，但一旦你从椅子上站起来，就该把背部拉直了。

)”，空格处应说明佝背非常常见，接下来空格后解释原因，因此E选项“But itʼs one of the most monly made bodylanguage errors(但这是最常犯的肢体语言错误之一)”承上启下，符合语境。

故选E。

13．G 段尾题。

空格前“Itʼs not a good idea to have a crushing (太用力的) handshake, either.(握手时用力过猛也不是个好主意。

)”，空格处应表示正确的握手应该是怎么做，G 选项“You can respond with similar amount of pressure that your shaking partner gives(你可以用和你握手的同伴相同的压力来回应)”说明了握手的正确的力度，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境。

故选G。

14．F 段中题。

本段主题句是“Rolling Your Eyes(翻白眼)”，空格后“but your partner will definitely feel offended by your way of letting them know what they said isnʼt worth a second thought(但你的同伴肯定会因为你让他们知道他们说的话不值得再想而感到被冒犯)”，but表转折，因此空格处是和“feel offended”相反的内容，F选项“It can feel good to respond to a silly statement by rolling your eyes(用翻白眼来回应一句愚蠢的话会让你感觉很好)”表示的内容和空格后的相反，翻白眼只是让自己感觉好，但是却给他人会有不好的感觉，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境。

故选F。

15．C 段首题。

空格后“It shows that youʼre not threatening.(这表明你没有威胁性。

)”，因此空格处应提到一种让你看起来不那么有威胁性的动作，C选项“Sitting backward a bit can be good for your conversation(向后坐一点对你的谈话有好处)”描
述的往后坐的动作会让人看起来不那么有威胁性，且其中的“Sitting backward”和小标题的“Leaning (倾斜) Back”相呼应，因此C选项引起下文，符合语境。

故选C。

D
(2022·新疆维吾尔自治区普通高考第一次适应性检测)
Traffic congestion is a serious problem in cities worldwide.There are simply too many vehicles peting for too little space.The pany TomTom, which does research on traffic in cities worldwide, estimated that in 2015 the average muter wasted 100 hours during the evening rush hour alone.In addition to wasting peopleʼs time, traffic jams have many other negative effects. 16 .
Traffic jams have negative effects on drivers, cities and the environment.To begin with, they cause stress to drivers, which may lead to health problems or road rage. 17 .Traffic congestion wastes fuel, which in turn produces more carbon dioxide through car exhaust and contributes to the greenhouse effect.
18 , it is important for cities and governments everywhere to take steps to reduce road congestion.The most obvious solutions involve engineering.This means building more roads with wider lanes so that more cars can travel at the same time.However, the costs for engineering solutions are extremely high.
Therefore, a more popular solution is needed. 19 .For example, ferries, cycles and underground trains are included.One suggestion is to encourage people to cycle more.Although cycling has obvious health benefits and does not pollute the air, it is not practical in every climate and can prove dangerous in heavy traffic.
Overall, cities are using a variety of methods to tackle the problem of traffic congestion. 20 .We should encourage alternative forms of transport because they reduce the amount of traffic on the roads and also have a positive effect on the environment.
A．Because of these serious effects
B．Owing to inconveniences for some people
C．It would be to promote other forms of transport
D．Another possibility is to persuade people to use buses
E．Most of them have advantages as well as disadvantages
F.Moreover, traffic congestion negatively affects the environment
G．Therefore, governments everywhere are working hard to find solutions to this problem
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。

文章主要讲述了交通堵塞导致的一些消极影响以及解决交通堵塞的一些方法。

16．G 段尾题。

根据上文“In addition to wasting peopleʼs time, traffic jams have many other negative effects.(除了浪费人们的时间，交通堵塞还有许多其他的负面影响。

)”可知，交通堵塞带来很多问题，因此需要寻找解决方法，空处和上文形成因果关系。

G项：Therefore, governments everywhere are working hard to find solutions to this problem(因此，各国政府都在努力寻找解决这个问题的方法)符合语境。

故选G。

17．F 段中题。

根据上文“To begin with, they cause stress to drivers, which may lead to health problems or road rage.(首先，它们给司机造成压力，这可能会导致健康问题或路怒症。

)”和下文“Traffic congestion wastes fuel, which in turn produces more carbon dioxide through car exhaust and contributes to the greenhouse effect.(交通堵塞会浪费燃料，进而通过汽车尾气产生更多的二氧化碳，促进温室效应。

)”可知，空处承上启下，进一步解释说明交通堵塞造成的不良影响。

F项中的“Moreover”与上文的“To begin with”对应，“negatively affects the environment ”与下文的“contributes to the greenhouse effect”对应。

F项：Moreover, traffic congestion negatively affects the environment(此外，交通拥堵对环境有负面影响)符合语境。

故选F。

18．A 段首题。

根据上文“Traffic jams have negative effects on drivers, cities and the environment.(交通堵塞对司机、城市和环境都有负面影响。

)”和下文“it is important for cities and governments everywhere to take steps to reduce road congestion(世界各地的城市和政府采取措施减少道路拥堵是重要的)”可知，空处针对上文提到的问题，说明由于交通堵塞的不良影响，需要提出解决方案，A项中的“these ser ious effects”与上文“negative effects”对应。

A项：Because of these serious effects(因为这些严重的影响)符合语境。

故选A。

19．C 段中题。

根据下文“For example, ferries, cycles and underground trains are included.One suggestion is to encourage people to cycle more.(例如，轮渡、自行车和地铁都包括在内。

一个建议是鼓励人们多骑自行车。

)”可知，空处倡导使用其他交通方式。

C项中的“other forms of transport ”和“ferries, cycles and underground trains ”
对应。

C项：It would be to promote other forms of transport(它将促进其他形式的交通)符合语境。

故选C。

20．E 段中题。

根据上文“Overall, cities are using a variety of methods to tackle the problem of traffic congestion.(总的来说，城市正在使用各种方法来解决交通拥堵的问题。

)”可知，空处进一步补充说明这些方法有优点也有缺点。

E项中的“them”指代上文的methods。

E项：Most of them have advantages as well as disadvantages(他们中的大多数有优点也有缺点)符合语境。

故选E。