2020-2021学年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高二(下)期末英语试卷(附答案详解)

2020-2021学年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高二（下）期末英语
试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
IF YOU WANT PLEATED COTTON BlushBridalCo Cotton Face Mask with Adjustable Ear Loops
1.Who may feel especially pleased with the mask？______
A. Adults.
B. Children.
C. Parents.
D. Glasses wearers.
2.Why are Janice's words quoted here？______
A. To introduce her experience.
B. To convince potential buyers.
C. To describe the product.
D. To attract readers.
3.What makes BluebridalCo masks cost more？______
A. They are 100% breathable cotton.
B. They fit well and do not fog up glasses.
C. They are made by hand.
D. They profit the construction of the Etsy.
B
A 70-year-old woman wins hearts with her energetic workouts on Douyin,He Qi reports in Shanghai.
Videos on the social networking platform Douyin—also known globally as TikTok—that show men and women with perfect physiques working out or providing fitness tips are commonplace. Trying to stand out from the crowd amid a flood of such videos can often be difficult,but a relatively new account,which has only been active since last year,has managed to do easily.The fitness instructor behind this account is not a young woman with a slim,toned figure that would leave viewers green with envy.
The star here is 70-year-old Chen Jifang,a Shanghai resident with 3 million likes on her Douyin videos.She was once even featured on a reality show on China Central Television.According to her trainer,who helped to manage the Douyin account,Chen attracted more than 400，000 followers within just a few months.
"The main group that I wanted to encourage was people at ages 30 to 50，" says Chen. "I think they will be motivated to work out in the gym after seeing that a granny like me can.The message I want to convey is that it is never too late to pursue good health."
For Chen,her passion for exercising was born out of a need instead of a desire to become famous.According to Chen,her health had been poor since she was a child.She even had to give up her job after giving birth to her daughter because her health was severely affected by the pregnancy. "In the past,whenever I felt uncomfortable,I would lie at home for an entire day," says Chen,who used to be a saleswoman in a local company before retirement.
4.What is the main idea of the text？______
A. An old woman follows Douyin to work out.
B. It is never too late to pursue good health.
C. An elderly fitness instructor is well received on Douyin.
D. Work energetically,and you can win hearts on Douyin.
5.Who are the people Chen intended to target？______
A. Young women.
B. Middle aged people.
C. Retired people. C.Douyin viewers.
6.When could Chen have started her passion for exercising？______
A. Since she was a child.
B. After she quit her job.
C. After she gave birth to her daughter.
D. When she became advanced in years.
7.Which of the following is true？______
A. It is easier for an old trainer to stand out on Douyin.
B. Viewers may feel more jealous of young women.
C. Chen's Douyin account is managed by her trainer.
D. It is just a few months since Chen opened her Douyin account.
C
Weaving environment-friendly materials into beautiful clothing is normally brands' first step toward achieving sustainability.
Allbirds is a shoe brand founded in 2016 in New Zealand,which just entered China two years ago.Many influencers are fans of the brand,including Larry Page,the co-founder of Google,Dick Costolo,the former CEO of Twitter,actress Emma Watson,and actor Leonardo DiCaprio.
The brand chooses natural and sustainable wool from merino sheep as the main raw material,and it costs 60 percent less energy than producing typical synthetic（合成的）shoes；it sources tree fiber involved from farms in South Africa,where people minimize fertilizer and irrigate the land with rainfall,directly saving 95 percent water and cutting carbon footprint in half；sugarcane（甘蔗）involved is sourced from southern Brazil,which relies on rainwater as well.
The brand received Forest Stewardship Council certification,approving that it sources materials that meet strict standards to protect forests,and the animals and people who depend on them.
During China Fashion Week,which was recently held,an increasing number of Chinese brands showed their practice of sustainability.Demain presented the potential of plant-based regenerated fiber；Damowang formed recycled PET fabric into clothes,which cause 32 percent less carbon emission while producing comparing to normal PET fabric；I-La introduced new collection made from biodegradable（生物降解的）natural materials；Chicco Mao called attention to the catastrophic impact of global warming on coastal ecology through design. According to the report,although the number of mass market retailers,who make products from sustainable materials,stays low,it has increased fivefold in the last two years.
Yan Yan,the head of Responsible Supply Chain Association,talked about sustainable fashion at China Fashion Summit on March 27.She said,"the realization of sustainable fashion counts on the transformation of the whole industry,involving designers' awareness,the selection of raw materials,manufacturing process,consumption concept and where these products will end up with."
8.Why is Allbirds mentioned in the text？______
A. Because it is an influential brand in China.
B. Because it has attracted many celebrities as fans.
C. Because it has received approving certifications.
D. Because it stands out in sourcing natural materials.
9.How does the writer develop the text？______
A. By giving examples.
B. By using figures.
C. By making comparisons.
D. By proving facts.
10.Which word best describes the writer's attitude towards this fashion trend？______
A. Concerned.
B. Objective.
C. Optimistic.
D. Unclear.
11.What is the best title of the text？______
A. Realization of Sustainability
B. Fashion Brands
C. Sustainable Fashion
D. Sustainable Materials
D
I once asked a seeming confident man what his biggest insecurity or fear was.To my surprise,he answered falling in love right now.He said he feared love because his number-one priority was
to maintain a concentrated mentality focused to better himself academically career-wise and altogether.You many say this is an excuse for not falling in love,but new research indicates that this man's reasoning might actually be accurate.
A study was conducted by researcher Hank Van Steenburgen along with colleagues from Leiden University and the University of Maryland on 43 participants who were in new romantic relationships,meaning six months or less.They were asked to perform specific tasks such as separating relevant and irrelevant information.The result：the participants' ability to concentrate and perform tasks were not present.
Steenburgen shared in his study：high levels of passionate love of individuals in the early stage of a romantic relationship are associated with reduced cognitive control.Also adding：it could be that the obsessive（迷恋的）nature of passionate love imposes important hardship on performing well in tasks that require self-control.
Rae Padilla Francoeur,author of the book Free Fall：A Later-in-Life Love Affair,felt extremely head-over-heels for her current mate.Regardless of how emotionally ecstatic she was,the newfound love took a terrible toll on her health.She noted becoming lightheaded,losing weight,not being able to fall asleep for days or being able to concentrate on eating. Psychologist Dorothy Kenneth called this "limerence"，the obsessive state we are in,where we let work,friends,responsibilities and even ourselves slide so that we can satisfy our overly enthusiastic need for our new partner.
Jennifer Nelson of say, "You lose your concentration.You many think very clearly,but you can't think about anything but him or her.It's the dopamine（多巴胺）that gives you that obsessive focus.Romantic love is just an obsession,and you are focused just not on work or you to-do list."
12.What does the research indicate？______
A. Many people fear passionate love for some reason.
B. New love can have complex effects on individuals.
C. Romantic love takes a terrible toll on people's health.
D. Falling in love makes you less productive.
13.Who could be one of the 43 participants？______
A. Steenburgen.
B. Rae Padilla Francoeur.
C. Dorothy Kenneth
D. Jennifer Nelson.
14.What is the meaning of the underlined word？______
A. Eager and exhausted.
B. Obsessed and worried.
C. Happy and excited.
D. Enthusiastic and anxious.
15.What is the writer's purpose in writing the passage？______
A. To offer information.
B. To give advice.
C. To report events.
D. To analyse reasons.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
While eating is functional,and our bodies need the fuel that food provides,dining with friends or loved ones can be a wonderful experience. (1) It seems embarrassing and depressing.But is dining alone really that bad？Maybe not.
We all have foods we like and dislike.Maybe it's a spicy cheese or stinky fish.We sometimes hold back on things that may offend the noses of others. (2) And we can enjoy the meal with the added advantage that we might be able to eat more healthily.Often,if you want a salad and your significant other wants some less healthy cuisine,you end up ordering the same.
Have you ever spent too long debating with people which restaurant to eat in or when to meet？If dining solo,you can make the choice depending on your own desires at that moment and get your nourishment at exactly the time you're hungry! (3) You could eat in a park,garden or even your bed—the point is,the choice is yours!That alone time also means it's a time to switch off.According to psychologist Sherrie Bourg Carter,a bit of solitude（独处）can help your brain to unwind and may help you concentrate more.
(4) Eating alone can save you from the extreme anxiety that may arise listening to someone smack their lips or the sloshing of saliva in their mouths!
So,is eating alone bad？Well,it may not be for everyone,but there certainly are some benefits to it. (5)
A.Try it sometime—you might just like it!
B.Our preference for certain foods may cause great trouble for others.
C.When dining alone,we can consume whatever we like.
D.However,some of us often find ourselves reserving a table for one in a restaurant.
E.Finally,for some,dining alone can be a necessity.
F.And why does it have to be a restaurant？
G.The atmosphere of eating alone is very fantastic.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
三、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
21.Nowadays,housework is getting much easier than it has ever been.There（1）______（be）
plenty of helpful machinery equipment in most people's families.Most machines are
powered by electricity.
The first sewing machines in the 1800s（2）______（operate）by a person turning a wheel by hand,or（3）______（push）a foot-pedal up and down,while modern sewing machines have electric motors to do the work.A washing machine is a （4）______（simply）
electrical device.People had spent hours washing their clothes by hand （5）______they had washing machines.Now it takes just a few minutes to fill the machine and set the right program.It works by mixing dirty clothes（6）______soapy water.During the operation,（7）______drum turns to slosh（搅动）the clothes in the water,and then clean water washes away the soup and dirt.Eventually,the machine's drum spins very fast to help dry clothes.A microwave oven cooks food very quickly by sending invisible（8）______（wave）of energy,called microwaves,into the food.This makes the watery parts of the food vibrate and get hot.
（9）______appeals to people is that the machines can help save more time and make people's life easier.It means that people have more time（10）______（work）or relax.
四、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
22.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文
中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的调用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Indigo dye（蓝染）is an environment-friendly,natural and hand-made dye,it can be traced back to the Qin Dynasty.I was so interested that I went to a workshop to learn more about it.
First,I put some leaf of the indigo plant and some water into a bucket,with which I could successful establish a dye vat（缸）.Then,I drew images on a white cloth.I tied different knots with cloth according to the patterns.After that,I put the cloth onto the dye vat.Worm
a pair of gloves,I softly pulled the cloth out,placed it down and wait 10 minutes for it to
absorb the dye.Then,I hung them up,leaving it there for about half an hour.Finally,a
beautiful indigo dye piece was appeared.Not only did this experience teach me about indigo dye,and also it helped with my creativity.
五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
23.目前，你校英语校报正在征文，主题为"My Oncoming Life in Senior Three"，请你写
一篇文章投稿。

写作内容包括：
1.高三设想；
2.具体计划。

注意：
1.词数100词左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

My Oncoming Life in Senior Three____________________________
答案和解析
1.【答案】
【解析】（1）D．推理判断题。

根据第一段第二句"Besides coming in an array of pleasant prints,they have all the features you'd want in a mask,especially if yu wear glasses..."除了有一系列令人愉悦的图案外，它们还具备你想戴在面具上的所有特征，特别是如果你戴着眼镜的话。

可知这种口罩有喜人的印刷图案，所有你想要口罩具有的特征它都有，对戴眼镜的用户尤其如此。

故可推测戴眼镜的人可能尤其喜欢这种口罩。

A.Adults.成年人；B.Children.孩子；C.Parents.父母；D.Glasses wearers戴眼镜的人。

故选D项。

（2）B．推理判断题。

根据第二段Janice的评论"I have been looking for a mask that fits and does not fog up my glasses," "These masks do both.I highly recommend these masks."我一直在寻找一种适合我的眼镜并且不会使眼镜起雾的面具。

我强烈推荐这些面具。

可知她一直想找的口罩是：既大小合适又不会使眼镜起雾的。

本文提到的口罩正好同时满足了两个需求。

由此推知，这样的评论肯定能让潜在的顾客相信这款口罩的功能。

故选项B "To convince potential buyers （为了使潜在购买者信服）"符合题意。

故选B项。

（3）C．细节理解题。

根据最后一段一二句"These are more costly than other options,but you are paying for handmade construction."这些方案比其他方案成本更高，但你需要为手工制作的建筑付费。

可知这种口罩比其他的要贵些，原因是它是手工制作的。

故选C项。

这是一篇应用文。

文章是一则广告，介绍新型口罩，并通过展示顾客的正面评价吸引潜在购买者。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。

考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

4.【答案】
【解析】（1）C.主旨大意题。

根据第一段"A 70-year-old woman wins hearts with her energetic workouts on Douyin,He Qi reports in Shanghai.（一位70岁的老太太在抖音上用她充满活力的锻炼赢得了人们的心，何琦在上海报道。

）"和第三段最后一句
"The fitness instructor behind this account is not a young woman with a slim,toned figure that would leave viewers green with envy.（这个账号的健身教练并不是一个拥有让观众羡慕嫉妒恨的苗条身材的年轻女性。

）"可知，文章主要是对一位老年健身教练在抖音上走红进行报道。

故选C。

（2）B.细节理解题。

根据第五段第一句"The main group that I wanted to encourage was people at ages 30 to 50（我想鼓励的主要群体是30到50岁的人。

）"可知，陈继芳的目标对象是中年人。

故选B。

（3）D.推理判断题。

根据最后一段第一句"For Chen,her passion for exercising was born out of a need instead of a desire to become famous.（对于陈来说，她对锻炼的热情是出于一种需求，而不是想出名。

）"，第三句"She even had to give up her job after giving birth to her daughter because her health was severely affected by the pregnancy（生完女儿后，她甚至不得不放弃工作，因为怀孕严重影响了她的健康。

）和第四句"In the past,whenever I felt uncomfortable,I would lie at home for an entire day.（在过去，每当我感到不舒服的时候，我就会在家里躺一整天。

）" 可知，陈继芳之前是不进行锻炼的，而且健康状况很差，所以她是从最近几年也就是上了年纪（身体越发不好）后开始热爱锻炼的。

故选D。

（4）D.细节理解题。

选项A.It is easier for an old trainer to stand out on Douyin.（老年教练更容易在抖音上出名）在文中未被提及，所以选项A错误。

根据第三段最后一句"The fitness instructor behind this account is not a young woman with a slim,toned figure that would leave viewers green with envy.（这个账号的健身教练并不是一个拥有让观众羡慕嫉妒恨的苗条身材的年轻女性。

）可知，人们容易嫉妒拥有苗条身材的年轻女性，所以选项B 错误。

根据第四段最后一句中的" According to her trainer,who helped to manage the Douyin account,Chen attracted more than 400，000 followers within just a few months.（据帮助管理抖音账号的培训师表示，陈继芳在短短几个月内就吸引了40多万粉丝。

）"可知，陈继芳的培训师只是帮助管理，陈继芳的账号并不完全是由她的培训师管理的，所以选项C 错误，陈继芳开抖音账号才几个月，D选项正确。

故选D。

这是一篇说明文。

文章讲述了，一位70岁的老太太陈继芳在抖音上发布健身视频，用她充满活力的锻炼嬴得了人们的心。

阅读理解，要先通读全文，再结合题目到文章中针对性的寻找与题目相关的细节，抓关键词、关键句，仔细推敲，结合选项，逐一排除，如是错误选项，一定要明白表达错误
所在；如是正确选项，一定是完全符合原文作者所要表达的意思、观点或想法，或与文章中某些细节完全相符。

8.【答案】
【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。

根据第三段中
" The brand chooses natural and sustainable wool from merino sheep as the main raw materia l,and it costs 60 percent less energy than producing typical synthetic（合成的）shoes（该品牌选用美利奴羊的天然和可持续羊毛作为主要原料，其成本比生产典型的合成鞋低60%。

）"和第四段
"The brand received Forest Stewardship Council certification,approving that it sources materi als that meet strict standards to protect forests,and the animals and people who depend on the m.（该品牌获得了森林管理委员会的认证，批准其来源的材料符合严格的标准，以保护森林和依赖森林的动物和人类。

）"可知，Albirds是201 6年在新西兰注册的一个鞋商标，吸引了许多粉丝，它的突出之处在于其来源的材料符合严格的标准，鞋子采用天然材料。

故选D。

（2）A.推理判断题。

根据第五段
"During China Fashion Week,which was recently held,an increasing number of Chinese bran ds showed their practice of sustainability.（在最近举办的中国时装周上，越来越多的中国品牌展示了他们的可持续发展实践。

）"和本段下文可知，在中国时尚周期间，许多中国商标展示了它们的耐久产品。

接下来举了几个例子，比如：Demain、Damowang、1-La、Chicco Mao都带来它们的产品；因此是通过例子来展开这一段的。

A.By giving examples.通过举例子；B.By using figures.通过列数字；C.By making comparisons.通过作比较；D.By proving facts.通过证明事实。

故选A。

（3）C.推理判断题。

根据倒数第二段
"According to the report,although the number of mass market retailers,who make products fro m sustainable materials,stays low,it has increased fivefold in the last two years.（根据这份报告，尽管大众市场上使用可持续材料生产产品的零售商数量保持在较低水平，但在过去两年中已经增加了五倍。

）"可知，对于时尚业采用天然材料，零售商虽少，但在增加，作者对这种流行趋势的态度是乐观的。

A.Concerned.关心的；B.Objective.客观的；
C.Optimistic.乐观的；
D.Unclear.不清楚的。

故选C。

（4）D.标题归纳题。

根据第一段"Weaving environment-friendly materials into beautiful clothing is normally brands' first step toward achieving sustainability.（将环保材料编织成漂亮的服装通常是品牌实现可持续发展的第一步。

）"和下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一些时尚品牌（如Allbirds ）越来越重视产品取材于环保，低耗，可持续材料，制造出耐久的产品，D项"耐久材料"符合文意。

故选D。

本文是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了一些时尚品牌（如Allbirds ）越来越重视产品取材于环保，低耗，可持续材料，制造出耐久的产品。

阅读理解，要先通读全文，再结合题目到文章中针对性的寻找与题目相关的细节，抓关键词、关键句，仔细推敲，结合选项，逐一排除，如是错误选项，一定要明白表达错误所在；如是正确选项，一定是完全符合原文作者所要表达的意思、观点或想法，或与文章中某些细节完全相符。

12.【答案】
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。

根据第一段中
He said he feared love because his number-one priority was to maintain a concentrated menta lity focused to better himself academically career-wise and altogether.You many say this is an excuse for not falling in love,but new research indicates that this man's reasoning might actua lly be accurate.他说他害怕爱情，因为他的首要任务是保持一种专注的心态，专注于提高自己的学业和事业水平。

你们很多人都说这是不坠入爱河的借口，但新的研究表明，这个人的推理实际上可能是准确的。

以及第三段Steenburgen shared in his study：
high levels of passionate love of individuals in the early stage of a romantic relationship are a ssociated with reduced cognitive control.Steenburgen在他的研究中分享到：在浪漫关系的早期阶段，个人的高激情爱情水平与认知控制能力降低有关。

可知，研究表明坠入爱河会降低你的工作效率，所以选D。

（2）B.细节理解题。

根据第二段句子
A study was conducted by researcher Hank Van Steenburgen along with colleagues from Lei den University and the University of Maryland on 43 participants who were in new romantic relationships,meaning six months or less.研究者Hank Van Steenburgen和莱顿大学和马里
兰大学的同事对43名参与新浪漫关系的参与者进行了研究，这意味着六个月或更少。

以及第四段中Rae Padilla Francoeur,author of the book Free Fall：
A Later-in-Life Love Affair,felt extremely head-over-heels for her current mate.Regardless of how emotionally ecstatic she was,the newfound love took a terrible toll on her health.She no ted becoming lightheaded,losing weight,not being able to fall asleep for days or being able to concentrate on eating.Rae Padilla Francour是《自由落体：晚年的恋情》一书的作者，她对现在的伴侣感到极度兴奋。

不管她在情感上多么狂喜，新发现的爱情对她的健康造成了可怕的损害。

她注意到头晕、体重减轻、几天无法入睡或无法入睡专心吃饭。

可知43名参与者中可能有Rae Padilla Francoeur,故选B。

（3）C.词句猜测题。

根据前文
felt extremely head-over-heels for her current mate.Regardless of how emotionally 对她现在的伴侣感到极度兴奋，不管她在感情上有多激动，以及后文
she was,the newfound love took a terrible toll on her health.她是，新发现的爱情对她的健康造成了可怕的损害。

可知，Rae Padilla Francoeur 对她当前的伴侣非常倾心，而不管她在情感上有多兴奋，新得的爱情对她的健康造成了严重的损害，故画线词意思是"高兴和兴奋"。

A.Eager and exhausted渴望和疲惫的；B.Obsessed and worried痴迷和担心的；
C.Happy and excited快乐和兴奋的；
D.Enthusiastic and anxious热情和焦虑的。

故选C。

（4）A.写作目的题。

根据第二段
A study was conducted by researcher Hank Van Steenburgen along with colleagues from Lei den University and the University of Maryland on 43 participants who were in new romantic relationships,meaning six months or less.They were asked to perform specific tasks such as se parating relevant and irrelevant information.The result：
the participants' ability to concentrate and perform tasks were not present.研究者Hank Van Steenburgen和莱顿大学和马里兰大学的同事对43名参加新恋爱关系的参与者进行了研究，他们的意思是六个月或更少。

他们被要求执行一些特定的任务，如分离相关的和不相关的信息。

没有集中精力完成任务的能力。

可知文章主要说明了研究表明坠入爱河会降低你的工作效率，介绍了研究幵展的过程、研究发现和人们对此的看法。

可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是提供信息。

A.To offer information提供信息；B.To give advice提供建议；C.To report events报告事件；D.To analyse reasons分析原因。

故选A。

这是一篇说明文。

文章主要说明了研究表明坠入爱河会降低你的工作效率，介绍了研究开展的过程、研究发现和人们对此的看法。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑
关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。

考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

16.【答案】
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。

根据后句
It seems embarrassing and depressing.But is dining alone really that bad？Maybe not表示"
看起来很尴尬也很沮丧。

但是一个人吃饭真的有那么糟糕吗？也许没有"，可知表示"然而，我们中的一些人经常发现自己在餐馆里预订了一个人的桌子"的选项D符合前后的语境，dining alone和a table for one是关联词，故选D。

（2）C.细节理解题。

根据前句
We all have foods we like and dislike.Maybe it's a spicy cheese or stinky fish.We sometimes hold back on things that may offend the noses of others表示"我们都有自己喜欢和不喜欢的食物。

可能是辛辣的奶酪或臭鱼。

我们有时会保留一些可能会冒犯别人鼻子的东西"，可知表示"独自用餐时，我们可以吃任何我们喜欢的东西"的选项C符合前后的语境，foods we like and dislike和whatever we like是关联词，故选C。

（3）F.推理判断题。

根据后句
You could eat in a park,garden or even your bed—the point is,the choice is yours表示"你可以在公园、花园甚至你的床上吃饭"，可知表示"为什么一定要在餐馆吃呢"的选项F符合前后讨论吃饭地点的语境，故选F。

（4）E.主旨判断题。

根据后句
Eating alone can save you from the extreme anxiety that may arise listening to someone smac k their lips or the sloshing of saliva in their mouths表示"独自一人吃饭可以让你免于听别
人拍打嘴唇或口水在嘴里晃动时可能产生的极度焦虑"，可知表示"最后，对一些人来说，独自用餐是必要的"的选项E符合本段的主题，save you from the extreme anxiety和
a necessity是关联词，故选E。

（5）A.推理判断题。

根据前句So,is eating alone bad？
Well,it may not be for everyone,but there certainly are some benefits to it表示"那么，一个人吃饭不好吗？嗯，可能不是每个人都这样，但肯定有一些好处"，可知表示"找个时间试
试，你可能会喜欢的"的选项A符合前后推荐人们尝试一个人就餐的语境，故选A。

本文是一篇说明文。

介绍一个人就餐的好处。

包括：吃自己喜欢的食物；地点随意；免于听别人拍打嘴唇或口水在嘴里晃动的声音。

七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。

解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。

21.【答案】is
【解析】（1）is.考查主谓一致。

句意：在大多数人的家庭里有很多有用的机械设备。

equipment为不可数名词，谓语动词用单三形式，故填is。

（2）were operated.考查动词时态及语态。

句意：19世纪的第一台缝纫机是由一个人用手转动轮子或上下踩踏板来操作的，而现代缝纫机则由电动机来完成这项工作。

时间状语为in the 1800s,句子用一般过去时，主语The first sewing machines与operate之间是被动关系，且主语为复数形式，故填were operated。

（3）pushing.考查动名词。

句意：19世纪的第一台缝纫机是由一个人用手转动轮子或上下踩踏板来操作的，而现代缝纫机则由电动机来完成这项工作。

分析句子可知，此处作介词by的宾语，动名词作宾语，故填pushing。

（4）simple.考查形容词。

句意：洗衣机是一种简单的电气设备。

分析句子可知，此处修饰名词device,形容词修饰名词，故填simple。

（5）before.考查时间状语从句。

句意：在有洗衣机之前，人们花了好几个小时用手洗衣服。

分析句子可知，此处引导时间状语从句，表示"在...之前"，故填before。

（6）with.考查介词。

句意：它的工作原理是把脏衣服和肥皂水混合在一起。

mix...with...表示"与...混合在一起"符合句意，故填with。

（7）a.考查冠词。

句意：在操作过程中，一个滚筒转动，将衣服泼在水中，然后用清水冲洗掉汤和污垢。

结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，drum为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。

（8）waves.考查名词。

句意：微波炉通过向食物中发送一种称为微波的不可见能量波来快速烹饪食物。

结合句意和microwaves可知，此处用名词的复数形式，故填waves。

（9）What.考查主语从句。

句意：吸引人们的是，这些机器可以帮助节省更多的时间，让人们的生活更轻松。

分析句子可知，此处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，表示"吸引人们的地方"，故填what。

（10）to work.考查动词不定式。

句意：这意味着人们有更多的时间工作或放松。

have time to do表示"有时间做某事"符合句意，故填to work。

本文为说明文，主要介绍了几种家用电器。

解答此类题目应先浏览全文，概括大意，再根据句子间的提示以及括号内的汉语提示或首字母提示，依据语法规则和行为逻辑来推测并填写合适的词语。

22.【答案】Indigo dye（蓝染）
is an environment-friendly,natural and hand-made dye, it can be traced back to the
Qin Dynasty.I was so interested that I went to a workshop to learn more about it.First,I put so me leaf of the indigo plant and some water into a bucket,with which I could successful esta blish a dye vat
（缸）.Then,I drew images on a white cloth.I tied different knots with∧ cloth according to th e patterns.After that,I put the cloth onto the dye vat. Worn a pair of gloves,I softly pulled th e cloth
out,placed it down and wait 10 minutes for it to absorb the dye.Then,I hung them up,leavin g it there for
about half an hour.Finally,a beautiful indigo dye piece was appeared.Not only did this experie nce teach me about indigo dye, and also it helped with my creativity.
详解：
（1）it改为which或it前加and.考查句子结构。

句意：靛蓝染料是一种环保、天然、手工制作的染料，其历史可以追溯到秦朝。

先行词为物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用which引导，也可以前面加and连接两个句子，故it改为which或it前加and. （2）leaf改为leaves.考查复数名词。

句意：首先，我把一些靛蓝的叶子和一些水放进一个桶里，这样我就可以成功地造了一个染料缸。

leaf为可数名词，前面有some,所以用复数名词，故leaf改为leaves.
（3）successful改为successfully.考查副词。

句意：首先，我把一些靛蓝的叶子和一些水放进一个桶里，这样我就可以成功地造了一个染料缸。

修饰动词，所以用副词，故successful改为successfully.
（4）with后面加a.考查冠词。

句意：我根据图案用布打了不同的结。

泛指一块布，所以用不定冠词，故with后面加a.
（5）onto改为into.考查介词。

句意：之后，我把布放在染缸里。

put...into把……放入，故onto改为into.。