人教版新目标八年级英语上册 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation单元知识归纳

Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 一重点词汇
二重点短语
三用法精粹
四经典句型
1.Did you buy anything special?
2.everything tasted really good!
3.And because of the bad weather, we didn`t see anything below.
4.My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop.
5.Everything tasted really good.
6.What a difference a day makes.
五语言知识归纳
1. Where did you go on vacation?
vacation n. 假期，同义词：holiday
go on vacation 去度假be on vacation 在度假
例题( ) I want to _________ in Hainan this winter.
A. go vacation
B. going on vacation
C. go on vacation
( ) Tom may ________ in Paris.
A. went on vacation
B. be on vacation
C. was on vacation
2. visited my uncle 看望我叔叔
visited museums 参观博物馆
visit vt. 其后接表示人的名词或代词时，译为“看望，拜访”；其后接表示地点的名词时，译为“参观，浏览”。

常用短语结构：visit sb./sp.
visit n.访问，参观，游览
visitor n. 参观者，游客
例题( ) I _______ my grandmother last week.
A. visit
B. visited
C. visiting
( ) Do you want _________ Shanghai?
A. to visit
B. visited
C. visitor
( ) This is my first ________ to China.
A. visit
B. visitor
C. visited
( ) There are four ________ come from America.
A. visitors
B. visit
C. visitor
3. … go with anyone? …
anyone 复合不定代词，意为“任何人”，相当于anybody，常用于否定句或疑问句中，代替someone/somebody.
辨析1.：
例句Anyone in my class knows any one of the singers and any one of their songs.
我们班上任何人都知道这些歌手中任何一个和他们歌曲中的任何一首。

辨析2.
辨析3.
例题（）1.He told her not to tell ____________.
A. any
B. any one
C. anyone
（）2.Did you meet _________ friendly at the seaside.
A. someone
B. any one
C. anyone
（）3.Is _________ watching the football match?
A. anyone
B.someone
C. no one
（）4.Would like _______ to eat?
Yes, I`d like some bread.
A. anything
B. something
C. nothing
（）5.Tom seldom eat ________ at midnight.
A. something
B. anything
C. nothing
（）6.When our teacher heard about the news, she was so angry that she said ________
A. nothing
B. something
C. anything
（）7. _________ is possible.
A. anything
B. something
C. nothing
4.…buy anything special?...
buy vt. “买，购买”，其过去式bought。

buy的后面可接双宾语，即buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.”给某人买某物”
拓展：可接双宾语的动词
give sb. sth. =give sth. to sb. 给某人某物tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某事
sell sb. sth. = sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人bring sb. sth. =bring sth. to sb. 把某物带个某人
offer sb. sth. =offer sth. to sb. 主动给某人某物show sb. sth. =show sth. to sb. 拿某物给某人
看
ask sb. sth. 询问某人某事teach sb. sth. 教某人某物
例句：I bought nothing because everything was expenxive.
例题( ) My father _______ a computer __________ me .
A. bought ; /
B. bought ; to
C. bought ; for
5.Oh, did you go anywhere interesting?
辨析:
例题：（）1. I lost my keys, and I can`t find them ________.
A. somewhere
B. anywhere
C. nowhere
（）2. I want to go _________ relaxing on vacation.
A. nowhere
B. somewhere
C. anywhere
6. We took quite a few photos there.
(1). take photos 照相；拍照（=take a photo）
take photos/a photo of sb./sth. 给某人或某物拍照
(2) 辨析：
例题( )1. We ______ many photos on the Great Wall.
A. takes
B. took
C.taken
( )2. Could you take a photo _______us?
A. to
B. of
C. with
( )3. He will stay here for __________ days.
A. quite a few
B. quite a lot
C. quite a little
( )4. There is ________ water in the bottle.
A. quite a little
B. quite a lot
C. quite a few
( )5. There _______ quite a lot of sheep in the hill.
A. is
B. was
C. were
( )6. --Did you see _______ deer?
--Yes, I saw __________.
A. some; quite a lot
B. any; quite a lot
C. many; quite a few
7. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.
most of …中的大部分/大多数，其后接可数名词复数/不可数名词，还可以接代词。

其中most为代词，意为“大多数，大体上，大部分”。

most o f …作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于most of 后面的名词或代词的数。

most拓展：
1. adj. (1)作many/much 的最高级,意为“最多的”,后面可跟可谁能歌词的复数/不可数名词。

(2)意为“多数的，大部分的”，后面跟可数名词复数/不可数名词。

2. adv. (1)常置于两个或者两个以上音节的形容词或副词前，与之构成该词的最高级。

(2) 表示“非常，极其，完全”
例题（）1. Most of _______ are doctors.
A. they
B. them
C.their
（）2. Most of the food ________ bad.
A. goes
B. go
C. going
（）3. He always has _________ need of help.
A. most
B. the most
C. a most
（）4. Most ________ in the class like music.
A. student
B. students
C. the students
（）5. Lesson eleven is ________ in the book
A. most interesting
B. a most interesting
C. the most interesting
（）6. Chengdu is ________ most attractive city.
A. a
B. the
C. /
8. How do you like it?
常用来询问对方对某人或某事的看法，意为“你认为…怎么样？”
同义句：1. How do you feel about…?
2. What do you thing of/about…?
例句：--How do you like the TV play?
--It`s wonderful.
9.Did you go shopping?
go shopping 购物，去买东西相当于do some shopping
go doing 结构表示从事一项体育运动或休闲运动
类似短语：
go climbing 去爬山go skating 去滑冰go hiking 去远足go sightseeing 去观光go fishing 去钓鱼go swimming 去游泳go camping 去露营go surfing 去冲浪go boating 去划船go bike riding 骑自行车旅行go skateboarding 去滑滑板
10. Did everyone have a good time?
have a good time 玩的开心，过得愉快（=enjoy oneself =have fun）
have a good time doing 做某事很高兴
11. Of course 当然，自然。

相当于sure/certainly，通常在对话中用作肯定回答。

Of course 与not 连
用，构成否定回答。

(1).--May I borrow your dictionary?
--Of course.
(2).--Do you want to lose the match?
--Of course not.
12. I bought something for my parents, but nothing for myself.
myself 反身代词，“我自己，我本人”。

反身代词(oneself)多用于动词或介词之后作宾语，强调“某人自己”，反身代词应与自己的逻辑主语在人称和数上保持一致。

常用短语：
by oneself 独自learn by oneself 自学teach oneself 自学
dress oneself 自己穿衣come to oneself 恢复知觉devote oneself 致力于
enjoy oneself 过的快活excuse oneself 为自己辩解explain oneself 说明自己的意图feel oneself 觉得正常forget oneself 忘我、失态help oneself to 随便吃、随便用
hide oneself 把自己藏起来make youself at home 不受约束pride oneself on 自夸
say to oneself 心里想seat oneself 坐下talk/speak to oneself 自言自语13.The only problem was that there was nothing much to do in the evening but read.
(1) nothing much to do 意为“没什么事可做”，to do在此作后置定语，修饰nothing.
(2) but conj.”除了…之外”，but前有实义动词do, does,或did时，but若接动词不定式，应省略to；but
前无实义动词do, does或did时，but后若接动词不定式应带to.
拓展(1)but可作介词，意为“除了…之外”
(2)but用作连词时，还意为“但是”，表转折。

例题( )1.What can you do ________ play games?
A. and
B. but
C. so
( )2.I have no choice _______ to go home.
A. and
B. but
C. so
( )3.There is no one ______ Tom.
A. but
B. and
C. so
( )4.Go ahead_________ you will see the hospital
A. and
B. so
C. but
( )5.Hurry up, ______ you will be hit by the car.
A. or
B. but
C. and
( )e on, ______ you will be the last in the race.
A. and
B. but
C. or
( )7.The rain began to fall, _______ we went home.
A. or
B. but
C. so
14.Still no one seemed to be bored.
(1)seem (+to be )+n./adj. “看起来….. ；好像……”说明主语的状态或特征，to be 可省略。

其中seem
是系动词，意为“好像，似乎，看起来”
seem拓展：
①seem to do 好像/似乎做某事
②It seems/seemed that 看起来好像……;似乎……
③It seems as if… 看起来好像/仿佛……
(2)辨析-ing形容词与-ed形容词
15.What activities do you find enjoyable ?
①activity [c.] 意为“活动”复数形式. activities
active adj. 活跃的
action n.活动，行动
act n.行动，表演
actor n.演员
actress n.女演员
②enjoyable adj.有乐趣的，令人愉快的
enjoy v.喜爱，享受
enjoy doing 喜欢做…… enjoy oneself 玩得开心
16. I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.
arrive vi.到达arrive in+国家，省，市
arrive at+机场，商店，市场，村庄
辨析：arrive，get to ,reach
①arrive vi. 其后只能跟表示地点的副词（there，here，home），若跟地点名词须加介词。

~in/at
②get vi. 其后只能跟表示地点的副词（there，here，home），若跟地点名词须加介词。

~ to
③reach vt. 其后直接跟表示地点的名词。

例题( )1. How did you ____________ there?
A. arrive
B. arrive at
C. arrive in
( )2. I __________ Qingdao last day.
A. get to
B. got to
C. got
( )3. I will tell you as soon as I ____________ Chengdu.
A. get to
B. arrive in
C. reached
17. … so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel.
decide vt. 决定，决心
常见用法：
①decide (not) to do sth. 决定(不)做某事②decide +疑问词+to do
③decide on sth. 就某事做出决定④decide +宾语从句
拓展：decision n.决定
make a decision；make up one`s mind；make a resolution 做决定，下决心例题( )1.Harry has decided _______ an online shop after graduating from school.
A. open
B. to open
C. opening
( )2.I made a ____________ to read English every day.
A. decide
B. decision
C. decided
( )3. Don`t decide _______ important matters too quickly.
A. with
B. to
C. on
18. My sister and I tried paragliding.
⑴try ①vt. 尝试，试图，设法；努力
常用短语：try to do 努力做…
try doing 试着做…
try/do one`s best to do 尽某人最大的努力做…
②vi. 尝试，努力
③n. 尝试常用短语have a try 试一试
⑵paragliding n.滑翔伞运动
英语中有很多文体运动词汇均是以-ing为后缀的名词：swimming, running, singing, dancing, skating
例题( )1. The boy tried _______ a model plane.
A. make
B.to making
C. making
( )2. She tried _______ the box.
A. carry
B. to carry
C.to carrying
( )3. I don`t think I can do it, but I`ll ________.
A. try
B. have try
C. trying
19. And because of the bad weather, we couldn`t see anything below.
①辨析“由于，因为”
because of 其后接n./pron./名词性成分
because conj. 引导原因状语从句，表示直接、明确的原因或理由。

②below adv. 在下面，到下面
prep. 在……以下，低于，其反义词above
例题( )1. He lost his job _________ his age.
A. because
B. because of
C. as the result
( )2. I didn`t buy the shirt _________ it was too expensive.
A. because of
B. because
C. as the result
( )3. From the top of mountain I couldn`t see the village ______.
A. behind
B. below
C. beside
20. My father didn`t bring enough money…
①辨析
②enough
adj. 足够的，充分的enough +n.
adv. 足够地，充分地adj./adv. +enough
例题：( )1. This movie wasn`t _________.He fell asleep half way through it.
A. interesting enough
B. enough interesting
C. interested enough
D. enough interested
( )2. We have enough time _________ our work.
A. do
B. to do
C. doing
( )3. Tom is old _________ to learn by himself.
A. enough
B. so
C. such
21. Well, but the next day was not as good.
本句完整形式：Well, but the next day was not as good as Monday.
as 此处作副词，意为“像……一样，如同”，用来表示程度，后跟adj./adv.原级。

常用于a s……as结构，
其否定形式为not as/so…as
拓展：
①prep. 作为，当作
②conj. 像，按照
③conj. 当……的时候
例题：
( )1. Lily sings as _______ as singer.
A. good
B. well
C. better
( )2. He worked _______ a teacher for 10 years
A. as
B. for
C. so
( )3. You must do everything ______ I told you.
A. when
B. as
C. since
( )4. _______ the students were talking, Mr. Wang came in
A. so
B. as
C. with
22. …because we forget to bring an umbrella.…
辨析：
例题：
( )1. Sorry. I forgot ______ my computer here.
A. to bring
B. bring
C. bringing
( )2. --You look upset. What happened?
--I was late for class and ______ my homework on my bedroom.
A. leave
B. leaved
C. left
23. Did you dislike anything?
dislike vt. 不喜欢，厌恶其后可接n./pron./doing作宾语。

同义词hate，反义词like/love 24. Why not? 为什么不
表建议的句型：
Why not +do
Why don`t you +do
What/How about +doing?
Would you like +to do
Let sb.+ do
例题：
( )1. _________ you take a walk?
A. Why don`t
B. What about
C. Why not
( )2. _______ going shopping with me?
A. Why don`t
B. What about
C. Would you like
25. Everyone in our class took a bag with some food and water.
with prep. 具有, 带有此处介词短语with some food and water 作bag的后置定语拓展：with 作介词的其他用法
①和……在一起
②以(手段/材料)，用(工具)
例题：
( )1. He is a tall kid ________ short hair
A. by
B. with
C. in
( )2. Tom always go to school _________ bike.
A. in
B. on
C. with
( )3. Lucy seldom goes to work ________ a taxi.
A. on
B. with
C. in
( )4. Cut the apple _______ a knife.
A. with
B. on
C. by
26. My leds were so tired that I wanted to stop.
so…that 如此…以至于… so 是副词，常用来修饰adj./adv. that 引导结果状语从句；so that 引导
目的状语从句，意为“以便，为了”。

辨析：
例题( )1. Bob is always polite to everyone, and he is _____ lovely boy _____ all of us like him very much.
A. too, to
B. such; that
C.so, that
( )2. He is _____ young _____ he can`t look after himself well.
A. too, to
B. such; that
C.so, that
27. My classmates told me to keep going, so I went on.
(1) 辨析-----说：
(2) keep doing 继续做…… ; 一直做……
(3) go on 继续下去；（时间）过去；发生
例题( ) --What did Mr. Green say to his son?
--He told him ______ .
A. not smoke
B. not to smoke
C. not to smoking
( ) That man is Mr. Red who ________ my father.
A. talk
B. talk with
C. is talking with
( ) Could you say it again, mum? I didn`t hear what you _______.
A. said
B. told
C. talked
22. Everyone jumped up and down in excitement.
(1) jump vi. 跳跃
常用短语：jump into 跳入jump off 跳离jump over 跳过jump out of 跳出
⑵up and down 上上下下，来来回回
He looks at me up and down.
23. Twenty minutes later, the sun started to come up.
⑴start vt①开始，start doing/to do =begin doing/to do
②开办，创办
③开动; 发动; 启动
vi ④出发
⑵come up 升起，发生
常用短语：
come along 一起去，进展come down 下降，下落come out 出来,出版,发行,开花come on 赶快，加油come over 过来come true 实现
come up with 提出come in 进来。