OfStudies翻译与鉴赏解读

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Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. 译文1：读书不是为着要辩驳，也不是要盲目信从， 更不是去找寻谈话的资料，而是要去权衡和思考。 译文2：读书时不可存心与作者辩难，不可以轻信盲 从，也不可寻章摘句，作为谈助，而须权衡与琢磨。 译文3：读书时不可存心诘难作者，不可尽信书上所 言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。
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Studies serve for1 delight, for ornament2, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring3; for ornament, is in discourse4; and for ability, is in the judgement, and disposition of business5. 释义
9bound(vt.)：限制/制约




They1 perfect2 nature3, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities4 are like natural plants, that need proyning5 by study; and studies themselves do give forth 6 directions too much at large7, except they be bounded in8 by experience. 译文1：学问能美化 人性，经验又能充实学问。天生 的植物需要人工修剪，人类的本性也需要学问诱导， 而学问本身又必须以经验来规范，否则便太迂阔了。 译文2：须知读书固可补 天然 之不足，而经验又补读 书之不足。因为天生才干犹如天然花木，需靠读书修 枝剪叶。而书本知识如不以经验相制约，其教导也难 免过于笼统。 译文3：读书 补 天然 之不足，经验又补读书之不足， 盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接； 而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。
Of Studies
翻译与鉴赏
Lectured by Zhu Jianping
作者简介、主要内容和文体风格


Biblioteka Baidu



1.作者简介 Francis Bacon (1561-1626)：文艺复兴时期英国著名哲学家和 散文家；英国唯物主义哲学奠基人，近代实验科学的先驱； 崇尚科学，提倡从研究事实中归纳出结论，反对从概念到概 念的演绎。 2. 主要内容 1）读书的作用； 2）读书的方法。 3. 文体风格 1）多排句、类比、短句、省略句； 2）文字紧凑简洁，文句机智精辟，分析周密深刻，“颇似 我国唐宋某些古文大师的风格” 3）格言警句俯拾即是 4）文词古雅
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To spend too much time in studies, is sloth1; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation2; to make judgement wholly by their rules3, is the humour4 of a scholar. 1懒散/懒惰 2装模作样/故弄玄虚//矫揉造作矫情 3完全按规则/规章/规定/条例；完全按书本的条 条框框 4a characteristic (habitual or relatively temporary) state of feeling心境/情绪/性情/脾气（古义）， 此处指怪癖
1摭(


zhí )：拾取/摘取(pick up; gather)
2傅：涂抹（如“傅粉”）
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For expert men1 can execute 2, and perhaps judge of particulars3, one by one; but the general counsels4, and the plots, and marshalling of affairs5, come best from those that are learned. 1专家/能手/内行/阅历丰富的人 2 carry out/perform an action; to put into effect执行 3 a separate case or an individual thing or instance, especially one that can be distinguished from a larger category or class. Often used in the plural细节/部分/个别问题 4 counsel: something that provides direction or advice as to a decision or course of action忠告/劝告/建议 general counsel总的计划/大计 5plots: a secret scheme to do something (especially something underhand or illegal(秘密)计划/密谋/谋划/出谋划策 marshal: arrange in logical order; make ready for action or use安排/ 使准备行动/统率/管理 affairs事务 the plots, and marshalling of affairs对事务的计划和安排




For expert men1 can execute 2, and perhaps judge of particulars3, one by one; but the general counsels4, and the plots, and marshalling of affairs5, come best from those that are learned. 译文1：那些有实际经验而没有学识的人，也许能够 一一实行或判断某些事物的细微末节，但对于事业的 一般指导、筹划与处理，还是真正有学问的人才能胜 任。 译文2：阅历丰富的人虽能逐一判断或处理 具体问题， 但出谋划策，统筹全局，唯有博学之士最能胜任。 译文3：练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节， 然纵观统筹、全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。
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They1 perfect2 nature3, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities4 are like natural plants, that need proyning5 by study; and studies themselves do give forth 6 directions too much at large7, except8 they1 be bounded in9 by experience. 1= studies 2使完美/完善/改善 3天然/天性/性格/性质 4天生的能力 5proyning(古)=pruning=cultivation修剪枝叶/栽培 6 give forth发出(气味)/发表(意见等) 7(too much)at large (过于)笼统/含糊/任意/不着边际/不具体 8(古义)=unless be bounded in (adv.)=be checked限制




Crafty men1 condemn studies, simple men 2 admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use 3; but that4 is a wisdom without5 them6, and above them, won by observation. 译文1：技巧的人轻视学问，浅薄的人惊服学问，聪 明的人却能利用学问。因为学问本身并不曾把它的用 途教给人，至于如何去应用它，那是在学问 之外，超 越学问之上、由观察而获得的一种聪明呢！ 译文2：有实际才干的人鄙薄书本；头脑简单的人羡 慕书本；只有聪明人才会运用书本。因为书籍本身并 不教人如何运用，运用之道，乃在书 外，且高于书本， 唯有通过观察才能学到。 译文3：有一技之长者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，唯明 智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智 不在 书 中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。




To spend too much time in studies, is sloth1; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation2; to make judgement wholly by their rules3, is the humour4 of a scholar. 译文1：耗费过多时间去读便是迟滞，过分用学问自 炫便是矫揉造作，而全凭学理判断一切，则是书呆子 的癖好。 译文2：读书费时过多则懒散；过于追求文采显得矫 揉造作；全凭书中条条框框论事，未免书生气过重。 译文3：读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全 凭条文断事乃学究故态。
serve for起……作用，被用作（serve the purpose of study） 2 ornament装饰/装饰品；此处指多读书可以旁征博引，显得有才学。 3 privateness私有/秘密/不公开/(地方等)隔绝/隐蔽/幽僻 retiring =retirement退休/职/役；离群索居/孑然独处 privateness and retiring →幽居独处 4 discourse演讲/讲道；谈话/交谈 5 disposition (安排/布置/处理management) of business(事情/事务)
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Crafty men1 condemn studies, simple men2 admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use3; but that4 is a wisdom without5 them6, and above them, won by observation. 1有手艺的人/有一技之长的人/掌握了技术的人 2迟钝的人/头脑简单的人/无知的人/浅薄的人 3 they=studies；学问本身并不教人如何使用它们 4= their own use书本的用处 5=outside 6=studies书本/学问
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Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgement, and disposition of business. 译文1：读书给人乐趣、文雅和能力。人们独居或退隐的 时候，最能体会到读书的乐趣；谈话的时候，最能表现出 读书的文雅；判断和处理事物的时候，最能发挥由读书而 获得的能力。 译文2：读书可以怡情养性，可以摭1拾文采，可以增长才 干。在幽居独处时，最能体现其怡情养性的作用；在友朋 交谈中，最能体现其摭拾文采的作用；在处世论事之际， 最能体现其增长才干的作用。 译文3：读书足以怡情，足以傅2彩，足以长才。其怡情也， 最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中； 其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。