It的用法讲解与练习题

It的用法讲解与练习题
It的用法（专项总结）
一、人称代词
1，it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复:
①They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.
2.，也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子):
②Is this your dog？No, it isn’t.
③They got a baby and it was a ten-pounder
3.，也可指抽象事物或指抽象环境和情景:
③I hate it when people talk with a full mouth.．
二、.非人称代词
1.it有时并不指具体的东西而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等：
⑴.指天气：It is a lovely day, isn’t it? ⑵.指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came back.
⑶.指日期:I t is April First today. ⑷.指距离:It is some 3000 kilometers from A to
B.
⑸.指价值:It is three dollars. ⑹.指温度:Today it is 30 degrees centigrade.
三、其他用法
1.在句子的主语不太明确时充当主语，表示谁在做某事：
①Who is it there? It's I (me/you/he.....). ②I thought it was Mary, but it was not she.
③Her face lighted when she saw who it was.
2.泛泛的指某件事： (有时泛指一般情况)
①It doesn’t matter. ②It is a shame, isn’t it? ③How is it going?(情况怎样)
④It says in the newspaper that......
3.it用在一些词组中，it 没有特别的意思
The last train's gone. Come on, we'll foot it.(来，咱们步行吧。

)
四、作形式主语，替代主语从句，动词不定式，或动名词短语：
1.作形式主语替代主语从句
⑴It is clear ( obvious， true， possible， certain....) that 从句常译为＂┅清楚的（显然的，真的，可能的,肯定的．．．）＂It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. = That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear.
⑵It is importa nt ( necessary，right，strange，natural...) that 从句常译为┅是重要的(必要的,对的,奇怪的,自然的┅).that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去，建议记住该句型中的形容词。

①It is important that we (should) learn English well.②It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.
⑶It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.....) that 从句常译为＂据说（据报道，据悉．．．）＂。

①It is said that he has come to Beijing. ②It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.
⑷It is suggested ( advised/ ordered / demanded/ insisted/ commanded... ) that 从句.that 后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省；常译为＂据建
议；有命令．．．）
①It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off.
②It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours.
⑸It is time ( about time ，high time ) that从句(虚拟语气:动词用过去时did)
① It is time that children went to bed.
⑹It is the first ( second ... ) time that从句(从句用现在完成时have done )
It was …(从句用过去完成时had done )常译为＂是第一（二）．．．次．．．＂。

It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here ⑺It is a pity ( a shame /an honour/a good thing/a fact,/a surprise/... ) that
从句.
that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为＂竟然＂。

没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。

①It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！
②It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！
⑻It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that从句.常译为“ 碰巧…,似乎是…,看起来…”
①It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧．．.
②It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来．．．
2.作形式主语替代不定式
. ⑴ It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的褒义或贬义形容词。

常见的词有：
bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ， good （好心的），honest ，horrible ，kind ，lazy ，modest ，naughty ， nice（有教养的）， polite， rude ，silly ， stupid ，wise ，wrong（错误的）等。

这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. 。

如:It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so.
⑵It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. .不定式的逻辑主语是由for 引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的中性形容词。

常见的形容词有：
important， necessary， natural easy ， safe ， common ，
normal ，hard ，difficult ，dangerous ，unusual，rare ，impossible ， pleasant
如:It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party.
⑶It takes sb. ... to do sth. 常译为＂做．．．要花费某人．．．＂。

如:It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.
3.作形式主语替代动名词短语
It is no good / no use / useless doing sth. 常译为“┅有好处或没有用”
①It is no good learning English without speaking English.
②It's useless trying to argue with Shylock.
五、作形式宾语，代替不定式，动名词短语或宾语从句。

We think it important to learn a foreign language.
该句型中的it 作形式宾语，该结构中常用的动词有：think, believe, make ,find consider, feel；如:
We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.
He felt it important learning English well.
They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.
The Internet makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers. CF: keep sth, in mind / keep in mind that
六、.it的重要句型
1.强调句型: It is/was + 被强调部分 + that 从句 (被强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用)
①It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
②It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday.
特例:It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ... 该句型也是强调句型。

主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语＂直到．．．才．．．＂，可以说
是 not ... until ... 的强调形式。

It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
七、常用句型及考点
I. 形式主语型
1. It is clear (obvious，true，possible，certain…) that…
2. It is important (necessary，right，strange，natural…)that…
掌握本句型，应该记住所列举的形容词，并且记住that后的从句应用虚拟语气(should+动词原形)，should可以省去。

3. It is no good (use) doing sth．
4. It is a pity (a shame …)that…
本句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should十动词原形)，should可以省去。

表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。

没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。

5. It is time (about time，high time) that…
本句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气。

6. It is the first (second…)time that…
7. It is said (reported，learned…．)that…
8. It is suggested (ordered…) that…
本句型中的过去分词应该是表示请求、建议、命令等的词，that 后的从句要用虚拟语气(should十动词原形)，should可以省略。

常译为“据建议；有命令……”。

9. It happens (seems，appears) that…
10. It takes sb…to do sth．
11. It doesn’t matter whether…
12. It is kind (of sb) to do sth．
本句型中的不定式如果需要逻辑主语，则须要前置介词of，而句型中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词，常见的有bad，brave，careless，clever，cruel，foolish，honest，horrible，kind，lazy，modest，naughty, polite，rude，silly, stupid，wise，
wrong等。

13. It is necessary ( for sb) to do sth．
14. It is (just) like sb to do sth．
本句型为“某人(恰恰)是……样子”。

用来表示赞扬或不满，若用否定式，则表示怀疑。

例：It's like him to leave the work to others．他就是这样的一个人，把工作推给别人。

15. It is up to sb to do sth．
本句型表示“谊由某人做……”。

II．强调句型
It is+ 被强调部分+that/who…
本句型中被强调部分可以是主语、宾语或状语。

强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who 换用。

III．其他句型
1. It is…since…
本句型主句中用时间作表语，一般用现在时或完成时，since引导的从句常用瞬间动词的一般过去时态。

主句如用一般过去时，则从句用过去完成时。

2. It is…when…
本句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。

3. It looks (seems) as if．．．
本句型中的as if引导一个状语从句，常译为“看起来好像……”。

如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气．
例1 It looks as if he is ill (真的病了) .
例2 It looks as if he were ill (没有生病) .
Exercises:
一．单项选择
1.It was at the gate ____ he told me the news.
A. that
B. what
D. when
2.Is ____necessary to tell his father everything
A. it
B. that
C. what
D. he
3.Was it in this palace ____ the last emperor died?
A. that
B. in which
C. in where
D. which
4.Is ____ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?
A. now
B. man
C. that
D. it
5.Was it during the Second World War ____he died?
A. that
B. while
C. in which
D. then
6.Is ____necessary to complete the design before National Day?
A. this
B. that
C. it
D. he
7.I don't think ____possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
B. that
C. its
D. it
8.Does ____matter if he can't finish the job on time?
A. this
B. that
C. he
D. it
9.It was not ____she took off her dark glasses ____ ,I realized she was a famous film star.
A. when; that
B. until; that
C. until; when
D. when; then
10.Tom‘s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but ____didn’t help.
A. he
B. which
C. she
D. it
11.____is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There
B. This
C. That
D. It
12. Is ________ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?
A．now B．man C．that D．it
13．Our food and service are better than ________ used to be.
A．it B．we C．they D．them
14．________ appears to me ________ the report must be truth.
A．That; it B．It; that C．It; it D．That; that
15．He feels ________ duty to help others.
A．that he B．that his C．it he D．it his
16．Take ________ easy. The roads are icy.
A．it B．them C．us D．you
17．The TV sets made in China are much better than ________ in Japan.
A．that B．those C．them D．It
18．—— Have you found the bike you lost yesterday?
—— Yes, I've found ________ already.
A．it B．that C．the one D．that one
19.—— I'm looking for a flat.
—— Would you like ____ with ____ garden?
A．it; the B．it; a C．one; a D．one; the
20．________ was ________ who I met in the museum this morning.
A．It; him B．It; he C．That; he D. That; him
21．It was in the rice fields ________ we had our League meeting.
A．where B．that C．in which D．on which
22．________ you come to the party so late?
A．Why is it B．Why it is
C．Why it is that D．Why is it that
23．——Were all three people in the car injured in the accident
—— No, ___ only the two passengers ___ got hurt．
A．they were; that B．there was; that
C．it was; who D．there are; who
24．I don' t think ________ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work .
A．this B．that C．its D．it
25．It was not ________ she took off her glasses ________ I realized she was a famous film star．
A. when; that
B. until; that
C. until; when
D. when; then
26.It was not until 1920 ____ regular radio broadcasts began.
A．while B．which C．that D．since
27．________ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A．There B．This C．That D．It 28．It was about 600 years ago ________ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
A．that B．until C．before D．when
29．It was only when I reread his poems recently ____ I began to appreciate their beauty.
A．until B．that C．then D．So
30．I hate ______ when people talk with their mouths full.
A．it B．that C．these D．them
31．—— Why don't we take a little break? ——Didn't we just have ________ ? A．it B．that C．one D．this 32.Was it during the Second World War ____ he died？
A．that B．While C．in which D．Then
33.Is ____ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship？
A．now B．that C．it D．Man
34.I don't think ___ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work． A．This B．that C．its D．It
35.___ is a fact that English is being accepted as an
international language．A．There B．This C．That D．It
36.It was about 600 years ago ___ the first clock with face and an hour hand was made．
A．that B．until C．before D．when
37.____computers play such an important part in our daily life?
A．Why it is that B．Why is it that
C．Why was it that D．Why is it
38. Was it during the Second World War _____he died?
A. that
B. while
C. in which
D.then
39. Is ____ necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab?
A. everyone
B.this
C.her
D.it
40. Is ____ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?
A.now
B.that
C.it
D.man
41. I don’t think ___ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A.this
B.that
C.its
D.it
42. She heard of a terrible noise, ___ brought her heart into
her mouth.
A.it
B.which
C.this
D.that
43. Alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.
A.it
B.that
C.which
D.he
44. Does ____ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?
A.this
B.that
C.he
D.it
45.Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but ____ didn’t help.
A.he
B.which
C.she
D.it
46.The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.
A.what
B.which
C.that
D.it
47.____is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
B.This
C.That
D.It
48.I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have _____.
A.it
B.those
C.them
D.one
49.It was about 600 years ago___the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
A.that
B.until
C.before
D.when
50.I hate ____ when people talk with their mouths full.
A.it
B.that
C.these
D.them
51.It was only when I reread his poems recently____ I began to appreciate their beauty.
A.until
B.that
C.then
D.so
52.It is the ability to do the job ____ matters not where you come from or what you are.
A.one
C.what
D.it
53.It ____ you that ____ to blame.
A.is;is
B.is; are
C.are;are
D.are;is
54.Was_____that I saw last night at the concert?
A.it you
B.not you
C.you
D.that you
55.____ electricity plays such an important part in our life?
A.Why is it that
B.Why is it
C.Why it is that
D.Why is that
56.It was ____ he said _____ disappointed me.
A.what;what
B.that;that
C.what;that
D.that;what
57.It was in the lab ___ was taken charge of by Professor Harris ___ they did the experiment.
A.which; that
B.that; what
C.whom; that
D.which; where
58.Many people now make a rule to buy cards for their
friends before Christmas.
A.themselves
B.it
C.that
D.this
59.Someone is at the door, who is ?
A.this
B.that
C.it
D.he
60.—It is raining cats and dogs.
— .
A.So it is
B.So is it
C.Neither it is
D.Neither is it
二.分析it成分，辨清相似句型。

1.①_____ is well know to us all that the earth is round.
②____ is well known to us all, the earth is round.
A.That
B.As
C.It
D.Which
2. ①_____doesn’t matter much whether he’ll come to the party.
②I feel ____ an honour to be invited to speak here.
A.this
B.it
C.that
D.what
3. ①___ no wonder that he has passed the exam.
②___ no need for you to wait here.
A.There being
B.It was
C.It is
D.There is
4. ①Was it the house ____ Abraham Lincoln was born?
②Was it in the house ____ Abraham Linco ln was born?
A.that
B.where
C.which
D.both A and B
5. ① It’s very kind ____ you to help us.
② It’s very important _____ you to keep the balance of nature.
A.for
B.of
C.to Dwith .
6. ① It is no good ____ such a thing.
②It’s of no importance _____ such a thing.
A.do
B.to do
C.doing
D.done
7.①It's time that we ____ to school.
②It is the second time that we _____ to Beijing.
A.go
B.went
C.have been
D.have gone
8.①It's tomorrow ____ he is going to Beijing.
②It was 8 o'clock _____ he went to school.
A.that
B.when
C.before
D.since
9.①It is 3 years ____ he joined the army.
②It will be 3 years ____ we meet again.
A.before
B.after
C.since
D.when
答案：
一．单项选择
1-30 ABADA CDDBD DDCBD ABACA BDADB CDABA
31-60 CACDD AB ADC DBCDD BDDAA BBBAA CABCA
二.分析it成分，辨清相似句型。

21.CB 22.BB 23.CD 24.BA 25.BA 26.CB 27.BC 28.AB 29.CA。