20届高考英语二轮 专题2 阅读理解 第2节 推理判断题 1 细节推断题

第二节推理判断题
一、细节推断题
(2019·全国Ⅱ，B)
“You can use me as a last resort(选择)，and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.”This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids’lacrosse(长曲棍球) club.
I guess that there’s probably some demanding work schedule，or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport.She may just need a little persuading.So I try again and tug at the heartstrings.I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on...At this point the unwilling parent speaks up，“Alright.Yes，I’ll do it.”
I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many.The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule，sends out emails，and collects money for end-of-season gifts.Somewhere along the way，the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season.Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.
Still，most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more：Connecting to the community(社区) as you freely give your time，money，skills，or services provides a real joy.V olunteering just feels so good.
In that sense，I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit.However，if others benefit in the process，and I get some reward too，does it really matter where my motivation lies?
24．What can we infer about the parent from her reply in Paragraph 1?
A．She knows little about the club.
B．She isn’t good at sports.
C．She just doesn’t want to volunteer.
D．She’s unable to meet her schedule.
答案 C
解析推理判断题。

根据第一段第一句“You can use me as a last resort(选择)，and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.”可知，这位家长要求把她当作最后的选择，如果没有其他的志愿者，她再做。

由此可推断出，她不想做志愿者。

故选C。

25．What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Encourage teamwork.
B．Appeal to feelings.
C．Promote good deeds.
D．Provide advice.
答案 B
解析词义猜测题。

根据画线短语所在句的前一句“She may just need a little persuading.”和后一句“I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on...”可知，作者为了劝服这位家长，举了两个例子。

由此可知，画线处应是“煽情”之意。

故选B。

26．What can we learn about the parent from Paragraph 3?
A．She gets interested in lacrosse.
B．She is proud of her kids.
C．She’ll work for another season.
D．She becomes a good helper.
答案 D
解析推理判断题。

根据第三段中这位家长作出的贡献及“the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team”可知，她最终成了志愿者队伍中重要的一员，也就是说，她成了一个好帮手。

故选D。

27．Why does the author like doing volunteer work?
A．It gives her a sense of duty.
B．It makes her very happy.
C．It enables her to work hard.
D．It brings her material rewards.
答案 B
解析细节理解题。

根据第四段最后两句“Connecting to the community(社区) as you freely give your time，money，skills，or services provides a real joy.V olunteering just feels so good.”可知，为社区做贡献可以带来真正的乐趣，参加志愿者活动使她感觉很快乐。

故选B。

一、题型解读
细节推断题要求考生根据语篇内容，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。

一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。

考生只有正确把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，才可能作出准确的推断。

一般题干主要包括六个动词：infer(推断)，indicate(象征，暗示)，imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示)，conclude(作出结论)和assume(假定，设想)。

该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：
1．It can be inferred/concluded from the text that .
2．What can we infer/learn from...?
3．We can learn from the passage that .
4．The passage/story...indicates/suggests/implies that .
二、解题技巧——关键词句细推敲
第一步：定位细节——根据题干提供的信息，抓住某一段话的关键信息(关键词语)。

第二步：揣摩细节——对原文中的信息进行分析，推理判断，利用逆向思维和正向推理，从
而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。

注意：1.切勿拿文章中的某一个细节内容作为推理的结论。

2.切勿脱离原文而凭个人看法主观臆断。

例如：【真题感悟】中的24题，根据文章第一段第一句“You can use me as a last resort(选择)，and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.”可推断出，她不想做志愿者。

故选C。

A
This week，a mammoth(猛犸象) possibly killed by humans 10,000 to 15,000 years ago was found in soy fields about 50 miles west of Detroit.It was found by farmer James Bristle and his neighbor Trent Satterthwaite，who were reportedly digging in the field.At first，they couldn’t 1figure out what they were seeing.
“It was probably a rib bone that came up，” Bristle tells Ann Arbor News.“We thought it was a bent fence 9post.” Upon closer 6inspection，however，it became clear even to untrained eyes this was no fence post.“We knew it was something special.” Then they sped up the dig.
After finding the bones Monday night，Bristle called the University of Michigan Tuesday morning to report his find.Scientist Daniel Fisher arrived to inspect it Wednesday，and by Thursday morning he had 2confirmed it’s a woolly mammoth.He concludes the animal was about 40 years old when it died.It was hunted by humans，he says，who killed it and stored the remains in a pond as a way of 7preserving the meat for future use.It’s 4still too early to tell exactly how it died，Fisher tells Detroit’s WWJ-TV，“but the skeleton showed signs of human’s butchering.”
11The bones are being 3temporarily stored nearby，according to the Free Press，and it remains unclear where they’ll eventually end up.Their research value will be determined once they’ve been cleaned and dried.
Woolly mammoths once lived in Eurasia and North America，and most disappeared by 10,000 years ago—a demise(终止) that has been linked not only to humans，but also to changing
climate.It’s now believed that warming weather 8weakened their populations before humans dealt the final blows.
1．How did James Bristle and his neighbor find what they found at first?
A．It’s delicate. B．It’s old.
C．It’s unique. D．It’s worthless.
答案 D
解析推理判断题。

根据第二段第一、二句“‘It was probably a rib bone that came up，’Bristle tells Ann Arbor News.‘We thought it was a bent fence post.’”可知，James Bristle和他邻居认为最早发现的猛犸象的肋骨是一根弯曲的栅栏柱子，没有什么价值。

故选D。

2．What can we know about the mammoth according to the text?
A．It might die in its 40s.
B．It was native to Eurasia.
C．It preferred walking in the fields.
D．It mainly died from climate change.
答案 A
解析细节理解题。

根据第三段第三句“He concludes the animal was about 40 years old when it died.”可知，这头猛犸象死时大约40岁。

故选A。

3．Which is Daniel Fisher’s opinion?
A．The bones are well worth studying.
B．The mammoth was killed by a butcher.
C．The newfound site has evidence of human activity.
D．It’s unclear whether the bones were a mammoth’s.
答案 C
解析推理判断题。

根据第三段第四句“It was hunted by humans，he says，who killed it and stored the remains in a pond as a way of preserving the meat for future use.”和最后一句中的“...but the skeleton showed signs of human’s butchering.”可知，Daniel Fisher认为发现猛犸象的地方以前有人类活动的痕迹。

故选C。

4．What does the underlined part in the last paragraph mean?
A．Dried their bones.
B．Took their lives.
C．Destroyed their home.
D．Preserved their meat.
答案 B
解析句意猜测题。

此处指现在人们相信在人类对它们进行最后的打击之前，气候变暖使猛犸象的数量减少了。

人类的最后打击指人类对猛犸象的大量捕杀。

故选B。

B
(2019·山东济南质检)
Barcelona’s famous Segrada Familia is finally set to get a building licence,137 years after work on the still uncompleted church began.
12Construction on the UNESCO World Heritage basilica(长方形基督教堂)，which is Barcelona’s most visited tourist attraction，began in 1882 based on a design by architect Francisco Lozano.However，when he stepped down，architect Antoni Gaudi took over the design in 1883.The building won’t be finished until 2026—one hundred years after the architect was killed by a streetcar in the city.His body was buried in a room under the floor of the Sagrada Familia.
To get its paperwork rubber 10stamped，the church authorities have agreed to finally pay the
government a36 million fee for a building permit.Gaudi was told to get the paperwork processed，but the architect failed to do so—proceeding with construction regardless.The money from the church’s permit will be used to upgrade transport links and beautify the area.Gaudi and his works have become symbols of Barcelona，the capital city of Catalonia，northeast Spain.
Gaudi played an active role in directing the construction of the Sagrada Familia until his death in 1926.He would often request that work be modified and adjusted until it was exactly what he had in mind.However,5interpretation of the designs by present day architects is particularly challenging because of the nature of the existing designs.
The unfinished building is called a masterpiece of Gothic architecture and it is perhaps the most unique and mysterious building in the style ever constructed.The popularity of the site with
tourists has helped fund the push to complete the church and pay for the paperwork.
5．What do we know about the Segrada Familia?
A．It has been completely constructed.
B．It was first designed by Antoni Gaudi.
C．It will get a building permit in 2026.
D．It began to be built 137 years ago.
答案 D
解析细节理解题。

根据第一段“Barcelona’s famous Segrada Familia is finally set to get a building licence,137 years after work on the still uncompleted church began.”可知，Segrada Familia始建于137年前。

故选D。

6．What can we infer about Antoni Gaudi?
A．He wished to be buried in the church.
B．He is remembered as a great architect.
C．He didn’t know a permit was necessary.
D．He is to blame for the unfinished church.
答案 B
解析推理判断题。

根据第三段最后一句“Gaudi and his works have become symbols of Barcelona，the capital city of Catalonia，northeast Spain.”和第四段第一句“Gaudi played an active role in directing the construction of the Sagrada Familia until his death in 1926.”可推知，Antoni Gaudi是一位伟大的建筑师。

故选B。

7．What makes the Segrada Familia so popular?
A．Its unusual design style.
B．Its two famous architects.
C．Its special building materials.
D．Its illegal construction paperwork.
答案 A
解析细节理解题。

根据最后一段第一句“The unfinished building is called a masterpiece of Gothic architecture and it is perhaps the most unique and mysterious building in the style ever constructed.”可知，独特的设计风格让Segrada Familia大受欢迎。

故选A。

8．The church managed to pay for the licence .
A．in the support of the government
B．by reducing construction costs
C．with the aid of tourist income
D．through donations from architects
答案 C
解析细节理解题。

根据第三段第一句可知，该座教堂没有建筑许可证。

再根据最后一段的末句“The popularity of the site with tourists has helped fund the push to complete the church and pay for the paperwork.”可知，教堂通过旅游收入来支付建筑许可证的费用。

故选C。

Ⅰ.障碍词汇突破
(一)阅读下列句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思
1．It took them about one month to figure out how to start the equipment.弄清
2．To confirm the results，he made calculations based on his own data，whose results were almost the same.v.确认
3．The daily flight to the city has been temporarily delayed because of the earthquake.ad v.暂时地4．The sun，at least，so far as we are concerned，is standing still.adj.静止的
5．It’s difficult to put an accurate interpretation on the survey results without enough reference.
n.解释(二)同义词语替换
6．On arrival in Australia you must declare all food，plant material and animal products for inspection to ensure they are free of pests and diseases.check
7．The society was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction.protect 8．Frequently checking your messages and micro blogs can weaken your concentration and productivity.reduce
(三)一词多义
9．post v．发帖子n.柱子；帖子；职位v．& n．邮寄
(1)As a result，you’ll receive your book through the post.n.邮寄
(2)My father has held full-time teaching posts at several universities.n.职位
(3)Below is a message and some responses that are posted on a health website.v.发帖子
(4)Eddie parked his cycle against a lamp post and locked it.n.柱子
10．stamp n．邮票；印，章v．盖章；跺脚
(1)It’s amazing that he possesses such a large collection of stamps.n.邮票
(2)He stamped his name on all his books to keep track.v.盖章
(3)Chinese paintings generally have calligraphic inscriptions in the form of poetry and a special stamp.n.印，章
(4)In order to keep warm，we stamped our feet constantly.v.跺脚
Ⅱ.长难句理解
11．The bones are being temporarily stored nearby，according to the Free Press，and it remains unclear where they’ll eventually end up.
[句式分析]本句为并列句。

and前谓语动词是are being stored，是现在进行时的被动语态；and后面主句为it remains unclear, 其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是where引导的从句。

[精美译文]据自由媒体报道，这些骨头被暂时存放在附近，但还不清楚它们最终会去哪儿。

12．Construction on the UNESCO World Heritage basilica(长方形基督教堂)，which is Barcelona’s most visited tourist attraction，began in 1882 based on a design by architect Francisco Lozano.
[句式分析]本句为复合句，主语是construction，谓语是began。

which引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词basilica。

based on...作状语，表示“以……为依据”。

[精美译文]被列为联合国教科文组织世界遗产的大教堂(长方形基督教堂)是巴塞罗那最受欢迎的旅游景点，它始建于1882年，根据建筑师弗朗西斯科·洛扎诺的设计建造。

强化练(十三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·东北三省四市二模)
Connecting with people has become so much easier with advancing technology.Tasks that once required an operator，postage stamp or carrier pigeon are now as simple as tapping a name or even a face on your screen，and you’re connected.But also easier is unconsciously getting caught
up in a dilemma by violating certain new rules for communicating.A big one for some：Don’t call until you’ve texted to confirm it’s OK to call.But that’s just the beginning.
“I’m usually pretty chill and not much bothers me，” said Mark Angielle，a 29-year-old office manager from White Plains，New York.But the one thing that he hates more than anything else in life is the terrible one-word message—“K.”“At the very least reply with，‘Got it.’”he said，“At least give me a few words here.You’re not that busy.”
There are hundreds，perhaps even thousands，of others who have taken to social media to express their distaste for people who don’t follow the unwritten rules of digital communication.
“These rules are simply a new display of a phenomenon we’ve seen in the past，” said James Ivory，professor of communication at Virginia Tech.In the same way that generations and small groups of friends have their own slang and customs，Internet culture has given birth to technology-dependent beings that have their own unique set of routine.
But not everyone gets the point.Unlike language，digital communication can be filled with ambiguous clues (线索、迹象) that the person on the other end of the call，text or email may or may not easily understand.
“As soon as people aren’t talking face to face，the first thing that gets lost is some of the richness of the body language，” Ivory said，“People immediately fill that gap by using emoji(表情符号) to sum up a feeling in seconds.”
“There’s great potential for danger，”Ivory warned.“What’s considered polite in one form might be inappropriate or rude in another occasion.”
1．What can you infer about Mark from Paragraph 2?
A．He is a businessman with a bad temper.
B．He complains about social manners.
C．He can’t bear one-word messages.
D．He dislikes a busy business life.
答案 C
解析细节理解题。

由第二段第二句“But the one thing that he hates more than anything else in life is the terrible one-word message—‘K.’”可知，在生活中他最痛恨的一件事就是一个字的信息。

所以通过关键词“hate，terrible”可以判断出，马克不能忍受一个字的信息。

故选C项。

2．According to the text，which of the following breaks the rules of communicating?
A．John says “I got it.” to his boss face to face.
B．Jim calls Bill without confirming in advance.
C．Mary texts Lily to make sure if she can call her.
D．Jack sends “Thanks a lot” to his business friends.
答案 B
解析细节理解题。

由第一段倒数第二句“Don’t call until you’ve texted to confirm it’s OK to call.”可知，在你发短信确认可以打电话之前不要打电话。

很多人都违反了这个交流规则。

所以B项“吉姆没有事先确认就打电话给比尔”违反了沟通交流的规则。

故选B。

3．Why may people misunderstand each other during digital communication?
A．Emoji cannot sum up feelings.
B．People use their own slang and customs.
C．There are large quantities of written rules.
D．People get wrong messages without clear clues.
答案 D
解析细节理解题。

由第五段中的“Unlike language，digital communication can be filled with ambiguous clues (线索、迹象) that the person on the other end of the call，text or email may or may not easily understand.”可知，人们在数字通信中会产生误解是因为人们在没有明确线索的情况下会收到错误的信息。

故选D。

4．What are people expected to do after reading the passage?
A．To obey their own digital communication rules.
B．To be aware of rules during digital communication.
C．To use advancing technology even with disadvantages.
D．To keep pace with digital communication development.
答案 B
解析推理判断题。

通读全文可知，随着技术的进步，人与人之间的联系变得越来越容易，但更容易违反某些新的交流规则而无意识地陷入两难境地。

许多人对这种现象表达了忧虑。

所以读了这篇文章后，人们被期望能够在数字通信过程中要注意规则。

故选B。

B
(2019·陕西咸阳三模)
Chinese fashion designer Wang Tao released her fall-winter 2019 collection in New York on February 9，the tenth time her brand，Taoray Wang，has been featured at the New York Fashion Week.
Sitting on the front row of the show were U．S.President Donald Trump’s youngest daughter Tiffany Trump with her mother Marla Maples，as well as former Fox News host Kimberly
Guilfoyle.
Tiffany Trump，a fan of Taoray Wang，wore a custom made white double-breasted coat by Wang to her father’s inauguration(就职典礼)ceremony in January 2017.
Wang’s latest collection，Eternity，is partly inspired by Tiffany Trump.In this collection，Wang combines the unconventional beauty of the 1970s，represented by famous American model Lauren Hutton and the female look favored by people such as Tiffany Trump.
The two women are from two different age groups with two different styles but both are confident and brave，said Wang while attending her show in Manhattan.“Beauty is not about time or age.It’s all about attitude.”
Along with China’s growing economic strength，Chinese fashion has gradually gained worldwide attention，said Wang，adding that only when more and more foreigners wear clothes designed by Chinese people，will it mean a real rise of Chinese fashion on the global stage.
Wang has a diverse background.With a degree in history from East China Normal University in Shanghai，Wang got a second degree in fashion from Japan’s top fashion institute Tokyo Mode Gakut’n，where she received five international awards in design.She was selected by Junko Koshino—a well-known Japanese designer，to head the studio as the chief men’s designer.
To realize her global career ambitions，Wang then left Japan to go to the UK where she worked as a leading designer.In 2002 she returned to China and led the repositioning of broadcast：bo，making it one of the top 10 Chinese women’s labels.Wang is currently a board member of the Shanghai Ribo Fashion Group.
5．Who probably gave Wang’s inspiration for her latest collection?
A．Tiffany Trump and Marla Maples.
B．Junko Koshirio and Kimberly Guilfoyle.
C．Tiffany Trump and Donald Trump.
D．Tiffany Trump and Lauren Hutton.
答案 D
解析细节理解题。

根据第四段的内容可知，Tiffany Trump和Lauren Hutton给了王陶最新系列设计的灵感。

故选D。

6．Where did Wang Tao win five international awards in design?
A．In Tokyo. B．In New York.
C．In Manhattan. D．In Shanghai.
答案 A
解析细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段第二句“...Wang got a second degree in fashion from
Japan’s top fashion institute Tokyo Mode Gakut’n，where she received five international awards in design.”可知，王陶在东京获得了五项国际设计大奖。

故选A。

7．What can be inferred from the text?
A．Both Taoray Wang and bo are well received.
B．Wang Tao worked in UK as a chief men’s designer.
C．It is the Trump who makes Wang Tao become famous.
D．Wang Tao studied fashion in East China Normal University.
答案 A
解析推理判断题。

根据最后一段第二句“In 2002 she returned to China and led the repositioning of broadcast：bo，making it one of the top 10 Chinese women’s labels.”可知，Taoray Wang和bo都很受欢迎。

故选A。

8．What is the text mainly about?
A．Wang Tao’s diverse education background.
B．A Chinese designer’s way on the global stage.
C．The design style of a Chinese fashion designer.
D．Wang Tao’s fall-winter 2019 collection in New York.
答案 B
解析主旨大意题。

第一段“Chinese fashion designer Wang Tao released her fall-winter 2019 collection in New York on February 9，the tenth time her brand，Taoray Wang，has been featured at the New York Fashion Week.”是全文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲了一位中国设计师走上了国际舞台。

故选B。

Ⅱ.完形填空
(2019·安徽师大附中考前适应性检测)
Any form of speech can be challenging，particularly if you are not used to talking in front of an audience.I am very 9 that I have been doing presentations and 10 training programs for many years，11 I have got used to the nervousness that always appears inside before I speak.The nervousness is always a(n) 12 thing for me as it allows me to channel my energy into what I want to say.
Just recently I had the pleasure of 13 at a conference about the key success factors(因素) in business and as usual in the days before my presentation I spent a lot of time 14 what I wanted to cover，as well as 15 the content.
I have always 16 the level of success of my presentations by the applause(掌声) and
17 that I receive from the audience.After the applause ended I had the 18 to personally speak to nearly all of the delegates(代表)．The last delegate I spoke with 19 me by taking my hand，shaking it and saying how much she 20 my presentation，and that she had got a lot of
21 tips to use in her ually I feel 22 after any presentation，and I know it is directly related to how much energy I put into what I do. 23 ，this time her praise gave me a great lift and recharged my batteries.
This 24 at the end of my presentation also made me realize that what we 25 in life can come back to us and 26 ，we all need to value the praise when and where it is deserved.As I drove away from the 27 I reflected on how fortunate I had been to receive all those words of praise and 28 that morning.
9．A.curious B．fortunate
C．doubtful D．amazed
答案 B
解析该句提到作者自己多年来一直进行演讲方面的工作。

因此可以推知，作者为自己多年来一直从事这种有挑战性的行为而感到“幸运”。

curious好奇的；fortunate幸运的；doubtful 怀疑的；amazed惊奇的。

故选B。

10．A.copying B．conducting
C．using D．designing
答案 B
解析根据前文的“do presentations”可以推知，作者多年来一直进行培训项目的工作。

copy 复制，抄写；conduct进行，实施；use使用；design设计。

故选B。

11．A.but B．though
C．so D．because
答案 C
解析作者多年来一直进行演讲培训方面的工作，“所以”他已经习惯了在开口讲话之前内心出现的紧张感觉。

故选C。

12．A.impossible B．natural
C．funny D．good
答案 D
解析根据后文的“...as it allows me to channel my energy into what I want to say.”可知，紧张让我把我的精力引导到我想说的话上。

由此推知，紧张对作者来说是一件“好事”。

故选D。

13．A.performing B．speaking
C．educating D．learning
答案 B
解析根据下文中的“my presentation”可知，作者最近在一次会议上进行演讲，谈论关于商
业成功的关键因素。

故选B。

14．A.printing B．reducing
C．researching D．telling
答案 C
解析作者在演讲之前要“研究”自己想要演讲的内容。

故选C。

15．A.imagining B．protecting
C．describing D．preparing
答案 D
解析在演讲之前，作者要准备自己演讲的内容。

故选D。

16．A.measured B．changed
C．raised D．adjusted
答案 A
解析作者一直根据观众的掌声来衡量自己演讲的成功程度。

measure衡量；change改变；raise 提高，举起；adjust调整。

故选A。

17．A.gifts B．advice
C．comments D．invitation
答案 C
解析该空和前面的the applause并列，都指的是听众对作者演讲的反应。

听众的反应包括掌声和评论。

gift礼物；advice建议；comment评论；invitation请柬。

故选C。

18．A.motivation B．responsibility
C．plan D．chance
答案 D
解析掌声过后，作者有“机会”和几乎所有的代表进行交谈。

motivation动力，动机；responsibility责任；plan计划；chance机会。

故选D。

19．A.greeted B．blamed
C．confused D．welcomed
答案 A
解析下文中的“taking my hand，shaking it and saying how much she my presentation”都是最后一位代表向作者致敬的方式。

greet欢迎，致敬；blame责备；confuse 使困惑；welcome欢迎。

故选A。

20．A.explored B．enjoyed
C．admired D．expected
答案 B
解析根据下文中的“she had got a lot of tips to use in her business”可知，最后一
位代表从作者的演讲中受益颇多，因此她告诉作者非常“喜欢”作者的演讲。

explore探索；enjoy喜欢，享受；admire赞美，钦佩；expect期望，预料。

故选B。

21．A.interesting B．simple
C．helpful D．free
答案 C
解析结合上一句可知，她非常喜欢作者的演讲。

由此推知，她从作者的演讲中获得了很多有用的建议。

interesting有趣的；simple简单的；helpful有帮助的，有用的；free自由的。

故选C。

22．A.excited B．relaxed
C．embarrassed D．tired
答案 D
解析根据下文中“this time her praise gave me a great lift and recharged my batteries”可知，这一次演讲完毕之后，最后一位代表的表扬让作者精神振奋。

由此推知，通常作者演讲完毕之后都会感到非常疲惫。

因为演讲耗费了大量精力。

excited兴奋的；relaxed放松的；embarrassed尴尬的；tired疲惫的。

故选D。

23．A.However B．Moreover
C．Otherwise D．Therefore
答案 A
解析通常作者演讲完毕之后都会感到非常疲惫。

这一次作者感到精神振奋。

由此可知，前后文之间是转折关系。

however然而；moreover此外，另外；otherwise否则；therefore因此。

故选A。

24．A.challenge B．discovery
C．experience D．accident
答案 C
解析这次经历(上文提到的内容)使作者意识到在生活中我们付出的(即分发出去的)东西会回归到我们身上。

challenge挑战；discovery发现；experience经历，经验；accident(交通)事故。

故选C。

25．A.figure out B．set up
C．dream of D．give out
答案 D
解析根据下文中的“come back to...”可知，该空和come back相对。

figure out弄清；set up 建立；dream of梦想；give out分发。

故D。

26．A.equally B．differently
C．seriously D．practically
答案 A
解析我们在生活中付出的东西会回到我们身上。

同样地，我们需要在应得到赞扬的时候和地方珍惜应得的赞扬。

equally同样地，相等地；differently不同地；seriously严肃地，认真地；practically实际地，实践地。

故选A。

27．A.party B．conference
C．school D．ceremony
答案 B
解析根据第二段中的“at a conference”可知，作者在一次会议上作演讲。

故选B。

28．A.achievement B．comfort
C．trust D．encouragement
答案 D
解析根据倒数第二段中的“...this time her praise gave me a great lift and recharged my batteries.”可知，最后一位代表给了作者极大的鼓舞，使作者精神振奋。

achievement成就；comfort舒服；trust信任；encouragement鼓励。

故选D。

Ⅲ.语法填空
(2019·湖北黄冈三模)
When scholars of international relations predict that the 21st century will be a “Chinese century”，they are full of reasons.29. America remains the only superpower，China is responsible for an important share of global change.Since 30. start of the financial crisis in 2008，for example，China has accounted 31. 45% of the gain in world GDP.In 1990 about 750 million Chinese people lived in extreme poverty；today fewer than 10 million do.Its GDP per person，in terms of purchasing-power,32. (rise) ten times since 1990.
China’s amazing 33. (perform) has greatly affected the world’s economic output.The Economist has worked out a geographic center of the global economy by 34. (take) an average of each country’s latitude and longitude(经纬度)，35. (measure) by its GDP.At the height of America’s control，this point 36. (previous) sat in the north Atlantic.But China has pulled it so far east 37. the global center of economic gravity 38. (be) now in Siberia. 语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国对世界经济的影响。

29．答案Although/While/Though
解析考查连词。

句意为：虽然美国仍然是唯一的超级大国，但中国在全球变化中负有重要责任。

根据句意可知，此处表示“虽然，尽管”，故填Although/While/Though。

30．答案the
解析考查冠词。

句意为：例如，自2008年金融危机爆发以来，中国占全球GDP增长的45%。

此处特指2008年金融危机的爆发(开始)，故填the。

31．答案for
解析考查固定短语。

句意参考上题解析，account for表示“(比例)占”，故填for。

32．答案has risen
解析考查时态和主谓一致。

句意为：按购买实力计算，中国人均GDP自1990年增长了10倍。

主语是GDP per person，谓语动词用第三人称单数，“since 1990”表明用现在完成时，故填has risen。

33．答案performance
解析考查名词。

句意为：中国惊人的表现极大地影响了世界经济的产值。

此处用名词作主语，故填performance。

34．答案taking
解析考查非谓语动词。

句意为：《经济学人》用每个国家的经纬度平均值计算出了全球经济的地理中心，这是通过GDP来衡量的。

介词by后用动名词作宾语，故填taking。

35．答案measured
解析考查非谓语动词。

句意参考上题解析，an average of each country’s latitude and longitude与measure之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作状语，故填measured。

36．答案previously
解析考查副词。

句意为：在美国的高度控制下，这个点以前位于北大西洋。

修饰动词用副词，故填previously。

37．答案that
解析考查状语从句。

句意为：但是中国将其拉至远东地区以至于全球经济中心现在在西伯利亚。

根据句意可知，此处用so...that...引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，故填that。

38．答案is
解析考查时态和主谓一致。

句意参考上题解析，主语是the global center of economic gravity，谓语用第三人称单数，“now”表明用一般现在时，故填is。