AWS D1.1介绍
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工程师认可 母材的返修、重要的或延迟裂纹的 返修、对有内部缺陷的电渣焊缝和气电焊缝的返 修、或由于修改设计而对缺损处进行补偿返修， 必须事先得到工程师的同意。割开焊接构件前必 须通知工程师。
AWS D1.1
5.26.4 Inaccessibility of Unacceptable Welds. 难以返修的焊缝
If, after an unacceptable weld has been made, work is performed which has rendered that weld inaccessible or has created new conditions that make correction of the unacceptable weld dangerous or ineffectual, then the original conditions shall be restored by removing welds or members, or both, before the corrections are made. If this is not done, the deficiency shall be compensated for by additional work performed conforming to an approved revised design.
焊缝金属或部分母材的清除可用机加工、打磨、铲凿或刨槽的 方法进行。清除必须这样：不在邻近焊缝金属或母材上造成 缺口或槽痕。调质钢上严禁使用氧气刨槽。焊缝的不合格部 分必须清除但不要伤及母材。焊接之前，必须彻底清洁表面 。对于任何尺寸的不足必须熔敷焊缝金属加以补偿。
AWS D1.1
5. Fabrication
5.26 Repairs 返修
5.26.1 The contractor has the option of either repairing an unacceptable weld or removing and replacing the entire weld, except as modified by 5.26.3. The repaired or replaced weld shall be retested by the method originally used, and the same technique and quality acceptance criteria shall be applied. If the contractor elects to the weld, it shall be corrected as follows:
AWS D1.1
5.30 Weld Cleaning 焊缝清理 5.30.1 In-Process Cleaning 过程中的清理
Before welding over previously deposited metal, all slag shall be removed and the weld and adjacent base metal shall be cleaned by brushing or other suitable means. This requirement shall apply not only to successive layers but also to successive beads and to the crater area when welding is resumed after any interruption. It shall not, however, restrict the welding of plug and slot welds in conformance with 5.25.
过分的焊缝内凹或弧坑，焊缝尺寸不足，咬边 必须对表面进行准备（见5.30），并熔敷补充的焊缝金属
。
AWS D1.1
5.26.1.3 Incomplete Fusion, Excessive Weld Porosity, or Slag Inclusions.. 未融合，过多的焊缝气孔或夹渣
Unacceptable portions shall be removed (see 5.26) and rewelded. 清除不合格部分并重焊。
已经造成不合格焊缝后，如果由于工作结束而使该不合格焊缝 难以接近，或者出现新的情况、给返修工作带来危险或不能 返修成功，那么返修前就必须清除焊缝或构件，或两者都除
AWS D1.1
5.29 Arc Strikes 电弧击伤 Arc strikes outside the area of permanent welds
5.12 焊接环境
5.28 捻缝
5.13 符合设计要求
5.29 电弧击伤
5.14 最小角焊缝
5.30 焊缝清理
5.15 母材的准备
5.31 焊缝引弧板和引出板
5.16 凹角
AWS D1.1
5. Fabrication
5.26 Repairs 返修
The removal of weld metal or portions of the base metal may be done by machining, grinding, chipping, or gouging. It shall be done in such a manner that the adjacent weld metal or base metal is not nicked or gouged. Oxygen gouging shall not be used in quenched and tempered steel. Unacceptable portions of the weld shall be removed without substantial removal of the base metal. The surfaces shall be cleaned thoroughly before welding. Weld metal shall be deposited to compensate for any deficiency in size.
should be avoided on any base metal. Cracks or blemishes caused by arc strikes shall be ground to a smooth contour and checked to ensure soundness. 对于任何母材都应避免在永久性焊缝区域以 外引燃电弧。电弧击伤导致的裂纹或损伤 必须打磨成光滑外形，并作检查以保证金 属完好。
焊瘤、过分凸起或余高过大 Excessive weld metal shall be removed. 必须清除过量的焊缝金属。
5.26.1.2 Excessive Concavity of Weld or Crater, Undersize Welds, Undercutting. The
surfaces shall be prepared (see 5.30) and additional weld metal deposited.
本规范包含对常用碳素钢和低合金结构钢的任何类型结构 的焊接要求。第1 章至第8 章构成了钢结构焊接规范条例 的主体。规范中载有标准性附录9 则和信息性附录12 则。 文件还包括对规范条文的说明。
AWS D1.1
1. General Requirements 总则 2. Design of Welded Connection. 焊接连接的设计 3. Prequalification of WPSs WPS 的免除评定 4. Qualification 评定 5. Fabrication 建造 6. Inspection 检验 7. Stud Welding 螺柱焊 8. Strengthening and Repair of Existing Structures
现有结构的补强与修理
AWS D1.1
5. Fabrication
5.1 范围
5.17 梁的开槽口和焊缝的穿越孔
5.2 母材
5.18 定位焊缝和结构辅助焊缝
5.3 焊接材料的要求
5.19 组装部件的拱度
5.4 ESW和EGW方法
5.20 周期载荷结构的拼接
5.5 WPS 参数Biblioteka 5.21 变形和收缩的控制
应用酸蚀、磁粉检查、渗透检验或其他可靠的方法 确定裂纹的范围；还应清除裂纹和超出裂纹每一 端50mm的完好金属并重焊。
5.26.3 Engineer’s Approval. Prior approval of the Engineer shall be obtained for repairs to base metal, repair of major or delayed cracks, repairs to ESW and EGW with internal defects, or for a revised design to compensate for deficiencies. The Engineer shall be notified before welded members are cut apart.
AWS D1.1
5.26.1.4 Cracks in Weld or Base Metal. The extent of the crack shall be ascertained by use of acid etching, MT, PT, or other equally positive means; the crack and sound metal 2 in. [50 mm] beyond each end of the crack shall be removed, and rewelded. 焊缝或母材裂纹
AWS D1.1
American Welding Society (美国焊接协会)
This code covers the welding requirements for any type of welded structure made from the commonly used carbon and low-alloy constructional steels. Clauses 1 through 8 constitute a body of rules for the regulation of welding in steel construction. There are nine normative and twelve informative annexes in this code. A Commentary of the code is included with the document.
除按5.26.3 要求的修正外，承包商可以选择返修不合格 的焊缝，或者清除整条焊缝而重焊。返修或重焊的焊缝 必须按原方法再检测，并且使用同样的技术和质量合格 判据。如果承包商选择返修焊缝，必须按如下要求进行 ：
AWS D1.1
5.26.1.1 Overlap, Excessive Convexity, or Excessive Reinforcement.
在焊接覆盖前道熔敷金属以前，必须清除所有焊渣，同时焊缝及 邻近的母材必须擦刷或用其他合适的方法清理干净。这一要求 不仅必须实施于逐次的焊层，而且必须实施于逐次的焊道以及 任何中断焊接对弧坑区域的清理。但按照5.25 要求进行的塞焊 和槽焊必须不受此限制
5.6 预热和层间温度
5.22 接头尺寸公差
5.7 调质钢的焊接热输入控制 5.23 焊接结构部件的尺寸公差
5.8 消除应力热处理
5.24 焊缝剖面外形
5.9 衬垫、背部保护气体或嵌条 5.25 塞焊和槽焊技术
5.10 衬垫
5.26 返修
5.11 焊接和切割设备
5.27 锤击
AWS D1.1
5.26.4 Inaccessibility of Unacceptable Welds. 难以返修的焊缝
If, after an unacceptable weld has been made, work is performed which has rendered that weld inaccessible or has created new conditions that make correction of the unacceptable weld dangerous or ineffectual, then the original conditions shall be restored by removing welds or members, or both, before the corrections are made. If this is not done, the deficiency shall be compensated for by additional work performed conforming to an approved revised design.
焊缝金属或部分母材的清除可用机加工、打磨、铲凿或刨槽的 方法进行。清除必须这样：不在邻近焊缝金属或母材上造成 缺口或槽痕。调质钢上严禁使用氧气刨槽。焊缝的不合格部 分必须清除但不要伤及母材。焊接之前，必须彻底清洁表面 。对于任何尺寸的不足必须熔敷焊缝金属加以补偿。
AWS D1.1
5. Fabrication
5.26 Repairs 返修
5.26.1 The contractor has the option of either repairing an unacceptable weld or removing and replacing the entire weld, except as modified by 5.26.3. The repaired or replaced weld shall be retested by the method originally used, and the same technique and quality acceptance criteria shall be applied. If the contractor elects to the weld, it shall be corrected as follows:
AWS D1.1
5.30 Weld Cleaning 焊缝清理 5.30.1 In-Process Cleaning 过程中的清理
Before welding over previously deposited metal, all slag shall be removed and the weld and adjacent base metal shall be cleaned by brushing or other suitable means. This requirement shall apply not only to successive layers but also to successive beads and to the crater area when welding is resumed after any interruption. It shall not, however, restrict the welding of plug and slot welds in conformance with 5.25.
过分的焊缝内凹或弧坑，焊缝尺寸不足，咬边 必须对表面进行准备（见5.30），并熔敷补充的焊缝金属
。
AWS D1.1
5.26.1.3 Incomplete Fusion, Excessive Weld Porosity, or Slag Inclusions.. 未融合，过多的焊缝气孔或夹渣
Unacceptable portions shall be removed (see 5.26) and rewelded. 清除不合格部分并重焊。
已经造成不合格焊缝后，如果由于工作结束而使该不合格焊缝 难以接近，或者出现新的情况、给返修工作带来危险或不能 返修成功，那么返修前就必须清除焊缝或构件，或两者都除
AWS D1.1
5.29 Arc Strikes 电弧击伤 Arc strikes outside the area of permanent welds
5.12 焊接环境
5.28 捻缝
5.13 符合设计要求
5.29 电弧击伤
5.14 最小角焊缝
5.30 焊缝清理
5.15 母材的准备
5.31 焊缝引弧板和引出板
5.16 凹角
AWS D1.1
5. Fabrication
5.26 Repairs 返修
The removal of weld metal or portions of the base metal may be done by machining, grinding, chipping, or gouging. It shall be done in such a manner that the adjacent weld metal or base metal is not nicked or gouged. Oxygen gouging shall not be used in quenched and tempered steel. Unacceptable portions of the weld shall be removed without substantial removal of the base metal. The surfaces shall be cleaned thoroughly before welding. Weld metal shall be deposited to compensate for any deficiency in size.
should be avoided on any base metal. Cracks or blemishes caused by arc strikes shall be ground to a smooth contour and checked to ensure soundness. 对于任何母材都应避免在永久性焊缝区域以 外引燃电弧。电弧击伤导致的裂纹或损伤 必须打磨成光滑外形，并作检查以保证金 属完好。
焊瘤、过分凸起或余高过大 Excessive weld metal shall be removed. 必须清除过量的焊缝金属。
5.26.1.2 Excessive Concavity of Weld or Crater, Undersize Welds, Undercutting. The
surfaces shall be prepared (see 5.30) and additional weld metal deposited.
本规范包含对常用碳素钢和低合金结构钢的任何类型结构 的焊接要求。第1 章至第8 章构成了钢结构焊接规范条例 的主体。规范中载有标准性附录9 则和信息性附录12 则。 文件还包括对规范条文的说明。
AWS D1.1
1. General Requirements 总则 2. Design of Welded Connection. 焊接连接的设计 3. Prequalification of WPSs WPS 的免除评定 4. Qualification 评定 5. Fabrication 建造 6. Inspection 检验 7. Stud Welding 螺柱焊 8. Strengthening and Repair of Existing Structures
现有结构的补强与修理
AWS D1.1
5. Fabrication
5.1 范围
5.17 梁的开槽口和焊缝的穿越孔
5.2 母材
5.18 定位焊缝和结构辅助焊缝
5.3 焊接材料的要求
5.19 组装部件的拱度
5.4 ESW和EGW方法
5.20 周期载荷结构的拼接
5.5 WPS 参数Biblioteka 5.21 变形和收缩的控制
应用酸蚀、磁粉检查、渗透检验或其他可靠的方法 确定裂纹的范围；还应清除裂纹和超出裂纹每一 端50mm的完好金属并重焊。
5.26.3 Engineer’s Approval. Prior approval of the Engineer shall be obtained for repairs to base metal, repair of major or delayed cracks, repairs to ESW and EGW with internal defects, or for a revised design to compensate for deficiencies. The Engineer shall be notified before welded members are cut apart.
AWS D1.1
5.26.1.4 Cracks in Weld or Base Metal. The extent of the crack shall be ascertained by use of acid etching, MT, PT, or other equally positive means; the crack and sound metal 2 in. [50 mm] beyond each end of the crack shall be removed, and rewelded. 焊缝或母材裂纹
AWS D1.1
American Welding Society (美国焊接协会)
This code covers the welding requirements for any type of welded structure made from the commonly used carbon and low-alloy constructional steels. Clauses 1 through 8 constitute a body of rules for the regulation of welding in steel construction. There are nine normative and twelve informative annexes in this code. A Commentary of the code is included with the document.
除按5.26.3 要求的修正外，承包商可以选择返修不合格 的焊缝，或者清除整条焊缝而重焊。返修或重焊的焊缝 必须按原方法再检测，并且使用同样的技术和质量合格 判据。如果承包商选择返修焊缝，必须按如下要求进行 ：
AWS D1.1
5.26.1.1 Overlap, Excessive Convexity, or Excessive Reinforcement.
在焊接覆盖前道熔敷金属以前，必须清除所有焊渣，同时焊缝及 邻近的母材必须擦刷或用其他合适的方法清理干净。这一要求 不仅必须实施于逐次的焊层，而且必须实施于逐次的焊道以及 任何中断焊接对弧坑区域的清理。但按照5.25 要求进行的塞焊 和槽焊必须不受此限制
5.6 预热和层间温度
5.22 接头尺寸公差
5.7 调质钢的焊接热输入控制 5.23 焊接结构部件的尺寸公差
5.8 消除应力热处理
5.24 焊缝剖面外形
5.9 衬垫、背部保护气体或嵌条 5.25 塞焊和槽焊技术
5.10 衬垫
5.26 返修
5.11 焊接和切割设备
5.27 锤击