基本句型知识点详解(初中英语专项复习) 3

基本句型知识点详解（初中英语专项复习）
一．五大基本概念：主语谓语宾语表语宾补
定义：1.主语：位于谓语动词之前的成分叫做主语。

2.谓语：谓语就是动词，其中谓语动词分为实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词四类。

3.宾语：位于实义动词之后的成分叫做宾语。

4.表语：位于系动词之后的成分叫做表语。

5.宾补：对于宾语进行一种补充说明的成分叫做宾语。

补充：
实义动词即具有实际意义的动词：see watch eat play.......
系动词：系动词=be动词或者是等同于be 动词的词
助动词：do does did .....
情态动词：can may must should would......
例子：
主语：1. The cake smell good.
Tina is a student.
The bus stopped.
My mum gave me money yesterday .
谓语：1. I watched TV with my sister at home last weekend.
2. Alice told me about her story during she stay at Guangzhou.
3. Mr yang said he has a large bowl.
4. I bought a gift to my mum.
宾语：1. I hate you.
She speak Engliah so well.
We won the game.
You can see what i do.
表语：1. To see is to believe.
The flower smells great.
I am a student.
My English teacher is so kind.
宾补：1. I find you smart.
Alice consider him a liar.
I hear her singing .
Tony saw he sitting on the desk.
注意：1】如果宾语和宾语之后成分加be 动词后能够构成一个逻辑完整的句子，那么该宾语之后的成分就是宾补。

Eg: I find you smart.
You are smart.【该句子是成立的】
所以I find you smart. 是主谓宾宾补结构。

2】判断这个动词是不是系动词，可以把这个动词换成be动词，如果该句成立即为系动词。

Eg: I fell ill yesterday.
I am ill yesterday.【该句子是成立的】
所以I fell ill yesterday.是主系表结构。

二．五大基本句型
1.主语+谓语
2.主语+谓语+宾语
3.主语+谓语+宾语（间）+宾语（直）
4.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补
5.主语+系动词+表语。