讲课肺癌英文
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pollutions • Nowadays It is reported
that tuberculosis is associated with the incidence of lung cancer
Classifications
• According to anatomy: (1)Central lung (2) peripheral lung cancer
• Only 5-15 percent of patients are asymptomatic when discovered to have bronchogenic carcinoma.
Regionnal spread to hilar and mediastinal nodes may cause dysphagia due to esophageal compression
multiplies to form a tumor. • These cells swiftly spread to distant sites in the body • SCLC belongs in a group of tumors derived from
neuroendocrine cells that are responsible for the production and secretion of specific peptide product.they may related to paraneoplastic syndrome.
Biopsy and selective washings
Squamous cell carcinoma
• the most frequent form of the tumor(30-50 percent of all cases
• bronchial epithelium and growth in situ • It is related to cigarette smoking • Cavitation can occure in the distal to the
difficulty breathing, abdominal pain, headache, weakness, and confusion
• Due to primary lesions: cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, sputum, wheezing, weight loss, fever, pneumonia
Staging of lung cancer
It arises from the submucosal glands,located in peripheral airways and alveoli
CT can show a mass to be located in which lobe of lung field and the size of the mass.
Cancer arising in other parts of the body can spread to the lung as well
cytoplasm All experience anemia,leukepenia and opportunistic infection other complications include nausea,vomiting possible cadiotoxicity,
讲课肺癌英文 lungcancer lung cancer what lungcancer? what lungcancer? beginswhen cells lunggrow out tumoretiology pathogenesisetiology cigarettesmoking otherfactors include air pollutions lungcancer classifications classifications anatomy:(1)central lung peripherallung cancer histologicclassification: small cell lung cancer(sclc) non-smallcell lung cancer(nsclc). nsclc includes squamous cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma. small cell lung cancer(sclc) small cell lung cancer(sclc) oat oat--cell carcinoma cell carcinoma sclcgrows very rapidly veryaggressive. soonafter originalcell becomes cancerous, quicklymultiplies cellsswiftly spread distantsites sclcbelongs tumorsderived from neuroendocrine cells specificpeptide product.they may related paraneoplasticsyndrome. vaguelyspindle- shaped ,have scant cytoplasm squamous cell carcinoma squamous cell carcinoma mostfrequent form tumor(30-50percent allcases bronchialepithelium cigarettesmoking cavitationcan occure obstructingmass ce
Small cell lung cancer has often metastasized at the time of diagnosis.
Small cell lung cancer has often metastasized at the time of diagnosis.
Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
C:Radiation therapy cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, sputum, wheezing,
• Cells are oval or
vaguely spindle- Stage IIIA cancer has spread to lymph nodes in the chest, on the same side where the cancer originated
horseness due to recurrent laryngeal nerve compression horner’s syndrome due to sympathetic nerve involvement elevation of the hemidiaphragm from phrenic nerve
obstructing mass • Central location
• Intercellular bridges and cellular pleomorphism
• squamous cell carcinoma usually occurs near the bronchi, the tumor can cause cough (sometimes a cough that is tinged with blood), shortness of breath, wheezing, and pneumonia in the area between the tumor and the edge of the lung
• Due to local extension: chest pain,hoarseness,superior vena cava syndrome, horner’s syndrome, dysphagia, pericardial effusion,pleural effusion, diaphragm paralysis
• According to histologic classification: Small cell lung cancer(SCLC) and Non-small cell
lung cancer(NSCLC). NSCLC includes Squamous cell carcinoma,
compression.
• Superior sulcus, or pancoast’s tumor may involve the brachial plexus, resulting in a c7-t2 neuropathy with pain, numbness, and weakness of the arm.
It arises from the submucosal glands,located in peripheral airways and alveoli
SCLC grows very rapidly and is very aggressive. Shortness of breath
shaped ,have scant
• it causes symptoms early in the disease
adenocarcinoma
• areas of scarring is associated with the occurrence of adenocarcinoma.
• Peripheral adenocarcinomas are usually wellcircumscribed, grey-white masses that rarely cavitate.
Endobronchial obstruction may result in a localized wheeze
squamous cell carcinoma usually occurs near the bronchi, the tumor can cause cough (sometimes a cough that is tinged with blood), shortness of
• Paraneoplastic syndromes are remote effects
of tumor. They lead to metabolic and neuromuscular disturbances unrelated to the primary tumor, metastases, or treatment. They may be the first sign of the tumor.They do not indicate that a tumor has spread.
breath, wheezing, and pneumonia in the area between the tumor and the edge of the lung
Chinese traditional therapy
diaphragm paralysis
Stage IIIA cancer has spread to lymph nodes in the chest, on the same side where the cancer originated
讲课肺癌英文
What is Lung Cancer?
• Begins when cells in the lung grow out of control and form a tumor
Etiology and pathogenesis
• Cigarette smoking • Other factors include air
Physical examinations
• Usually in early stage, most of the patients with lung cancer have no positive physical findings.
• It arises from the submucosal glands,located in peripheral airways and alveoli
• Female
large cell carcinoma
• large nuclei,prominent nucleoli,abundant cytoplsma
large cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma.
Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)
Oat-cell carcinoma
• SCLC grows very rapidly and is very aggressive. • Soon after the original cell becomes cancerous, it quickly
• usually located peripherally • can be quite large and not infrequently cavitate
the Symptoms of Lung Cancer
• Fatigue (tiredness) • Cough • Shortness of breath • Chest pain • Loss of appetite • Cough blood) • If cancer has spread, symptoms include bone pain,
• Cardiac involvement is seen in About 20-25 percent of patients
• Extrapulmonary manifestations. Including metastasis to other organs, such as brain, central nervous system, skeleton system, liver,adrenal glands and lymph nodes ects.
that tuberculosis is associated with the incidence of lung cancer
Classifications
• According to anatomy: (1)Central lung (2) peripheral lung cancer
• Only 5-15 percent of patients are asymptomatic when discovered to have bronchogenic carcinoma.
Regionnal spread to hilar and mediastinal nodes may cause dysphagia due to esophageal compression
multiplies to form a tumor. • These cells swiftly spread to distant sites in the body • SCLC belongs in a group of tumors derived from
neuroendocrine cells that are responsible for the production and secretion of specific peptide product.they may related to paraneoplastic syndrome.
Biopsy and selective washings
Squamous cell carcinoma
• the most frequent form of the tumor(30-50 percent of all cases
• bronchial epithelium and growth in situ • It is related to cigarette smoking • Cavitation can occure in the distal to the
difficulty breathing, abdominal pain, headache, weakness, and confusion
• Due to primary lesions: cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, sputum, wheezing, weight loss, fever, pneumonia
Staging of lung cancer
It arises from the submucosal glands,located in peripheral airways and alveoli
CT can show a mass to be located in which lobe of lung field and the size of the mass.
Cancer arising in other parts of the body can spread to the lung as well
cytoplasm All experience anemia,leukepenia and opportunistic infection other complications include nausea,vomiting possible cadiotoxicity,
讲课肺癌英文 lungcancer lung cancer what lungcancer? what lungcancer? beginswhen cells lunggrow out tumoretiology pathogenesisetiology cigarettesmoking otherfactors include air pollutions lungcancer classifications classifications anatomy:(1)central lung peripherallung cancer histologicclassification: small cell lung cancer(sclc) non-smallcell lung cancer(nsclc). nsclc includes squamous cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma. small cell lung cancer(sclc) small cell lung cancer(sclc) oat oat--cell carcinoma cell carcinoma sclcgrows very rapidly veryaggressive. soonafter originalcell becomes cancerous, quicklymultiplies cellsswiftly spread distantsites sclcbelongs tumorsderived from neuroendocrine cells specificpeptide product.they may related paraneoplasticsyndrome. vaguelyspindle- shaped ,have scant cytoplasm squamous cell carcinoma squamous cell carcinoma mostfrequent form tumor(30-50percent allcases bronchialepithelium cigarettesmoking cavitationcan occure obstructingmass ce
Small cell lung cancer has often metastasized at the time of diagnosis.
Small cell lung cancer has often metastasized at the time of diagnosis.
Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
C:Radiation therapy cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, sputum, wheezing,
• Cells are oval or
vaguely spindle- Stage IIIA cancer has spread to lymph nodes in the chest, on the same side where the cancer originated
horseness due to recurrent laryngeal nerve compression horner’s syndrome due to sympathetic nerve involvement elevation of the hemidiaphragm from phrenic nerve
obstructing mass • Central location
• Intercellular bridges and cellular pleomorphism
• squamous cell carcinoma usually occurs near the bronchi, the tumor can cause cough (sometimes a cough that is tinged with blood), shortness of breath, wheezing, and pneumonia in the area between the tumor and the edge of the lung
• Due to local extension: chest pain,hoarseness,superior vena cava syndrome, horner’s syndrome, dysphagia, pericardial effusion,pleural effusion, diaphragm paralysis
• According to histologic classification: Small cell lung cancer(SCLC) and Non-small cell
lung cancer(NSCLC). NSCLC includes Squamous cell carcinoma,
compression.
• Superior sulcus, or pancoast’s tumor may involve the brachial plexus, resulting in a c7-t2 neuropathy with pain, numbness, and weakness of the arm.
It arises from the submucosal glands,located in peripheral airways and alveoli
SCLC grows very rapidly and is very aggressive. Shortness of breath
shaped ,have scant
• it causes symptoms early in the disease
adenocarcinoma
• areas of scarring is associated with the occurrence of adenocarcinoma.
• Peripheral adenocarcinomas are usually wellcircumscribed, grey-white masses that rarely cavitate.
Endobronchial obstruction may result in a localized wheeze
squamous cell carcinoma usually occurs near the bronchi, the tumor can cause cough (sometimes a cough that is tinged with blood), shortness of
• Paraneoplastic syndromes are remote effects
of tumor. They lead to metabolic and neuromuscular disturbances unrelated to the primary tumor, metastases, or treatment. They may be the first sign of the tumor.They do not indicate that a tumor has spread.
breath, wheezing, and pneumonia in the area between the tumor and the edge of the lung
Chinese traditional therapy
diaphragm paralysis
Stage IIIA cancer has spread to lymph nodes in the chest, on the same side where the cancer originated
讲课肺癌英文
What is Lung Cancer?
• Begins when cells in the lung grow out of control and form a tumor
Etiology and pathogenesis
• Cigarette smoking • Other factors include air
Physical examinations
• Usually in early stage, most of the patients with lung cancer have no positive physical findings.
• It arises from the submucosal glands,located in peripheral airways and alveoli
• Female
large cell carcinoma
• large nuclei,prominent nucleoli,abundant cytoplsma
large cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma.
Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)
Oat-cell carcinoma
• SCLC grows very rapidly and is very aggressive. • Soon after the original cell becomes cancerous, it quickly
• usually located peripherally • can be quite large and not infrequently cavitate
the Symptoms of Lung Cancer
• Fatigue (tiredness) • Cough • Shortness of breath • Chest pain • Loss of appetite • Cough blood) • If cancer has spread, symptoms include bone pain,
• Cardiac involvement is seen in About 20-25 percent of patients
• Extrapulmonary manifestations. Including metastasis to other organs, such as brain, central nervous system, skeleton system, liver,adrenal glands and lymph nodes ects.