八年级下册英语(苏教版八年级)8BU5 Reading 语言点

8BU5 Reading 语言点
1. Today we’ve invited Jenny to talk about manners in the UK.
(1) invite sb to sth (2) invite sb to do sth (3) invitation
我们将邀请他参加会议。

我想邀请你到我的农场来。

他没有邀请她一起吃晚餐。

收到邀请（receive/ get）; 拒绝/接受邀请(refuse/ accept)
他昨天收到了一封会议邀请函。

他接受了与她共进午餐的邀请。

2.What’s the proper way to greet people there, Jenny.(L2)
（1）proper adj. (right/ correct) 符合习俗的；正确的
她的行为总是符合习俗。

She is always proper in her behaviour.
Put the books in a proper order. Please answers questions in a proper way.
(2) the proper way to greet people there, 动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词。

扎龙是观鸟的一个极好的地方。

Zhalong is a perfect place to watch birds.
去英国旅行的最好的时间是从5月到9月。

The best time to visit the UK is from May to September. (3) the way to do sth= the way of doing sth 做某事的方式
正确回答问题的方式是这样的。

The proper way to answer the questions is like this.= The proper way of answering the questions is like this.
3.British people say “hello” or “nice to meet you” and shake your hand when they meet you for the first time.(L3-4)
say “hello” to sb. 向某人问好
学生应该向老师问好。

The students should say “hello” to their teachers.
(say sorry/ goodbye/ good night/ nothing… to sb)
shake sb’s hand =shake hands with sb.
他们和我握了手后就坐下了They shook my hand and sat down.=They shook hands with me and sat down 中国人通常用握手来表达友好。

Chinese people usually shake your hand to express their friendliness.
③ …when they meet you for the first time= when they first meet you
do sth. for the first time (sb first do sth)第一次做某事
我第一次看这部电影。

I saw the film for the first time.
这是某人第一次做某事This is one’s first time to do sth
这是我第一次到你家来。

This is my first time to come to your home.
4. Do they greet people with a kiss? kiss n. 亲吻
greet vt. 问候；打招呼 greeting n. 问候 greet sb. with sth.以……方式跟人打招呼
British people only greet relatives or close friends with a kiss.
她微笑着跟我们打了个招呼。

She greeted us with a smile.=They greet me with a smiling face.
We gave him a warm greeting.
5. close: 我和Lily一直是密友。

Lily and I have been close friends.
她和父亲的关系很亲密。

She is very close to her father.
他们彼此的年龄很接近。

They are close to each other in age.
我家离学校很近。

My house is close to my school.
孩子们很喜欢接近大自然。

Children like being close to nature.
closely: 仔细地，认真地(carefully) They are listening to the teacher closely
6. conversation ( a small talk)
start a conversation by doing sth; have/ hold/ start a conversation with subjects like…
7.But please avoid subjects like age, weight, or money.(L9)
avoid doing sth./ sth.避免做某事, 避免某事
我们无法避免在回家的路上遇到他。

We can’t avoid meeting him on the way home.
你应避免吃这些不健康的食品。

You should avoid eating such unhealthy food.
你应该避免上课迟到。

You should avoid being late for your class.
我们应该避免这个话题/交通事故。

We should avoid the subject/ road accidents.
subject n. 科目;学科；话题
你最喜欢的学科是什么？这本书包含了许多话题。

(include)
(1) 我们必须认真做作业避免错误。

We must do our homework carefully to _______________.
(2) 王先生设法避免让他的经理生气。

Mr Wang tried to _____________ his manager angry.
8.Do people behave politely in public?(L10)
behave V. 表现 behavior n.
作为学生，我们应该表现有礼貌。

As a student, we should behave politely.
我认为您这样的举止不合体统。

I do not think it's proper for you to behave so.
Behave yourself! 注意你的行为举止（好好表现）
in public = in a public place=in public places公开地,在别人面前
不要在公共场合大声讲话。

Don’t speak loudly in public.
公共场所不允许抽烟。

Smoking is not allowed in public places.
public n. 民众，群体宫殿现在向民众开放了he palace is now open to the public.
9. They think it’s rude to push in before others.(宾语从句)=They think it rude to push in before others. (形式宾语)
(1) sb think/ feel/ find it + adj + (for sb) + to do sth. 某人认为/感觉到/发现（对某人来说，）做某事…句型中的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的to do sth.
我们认为问英国人多大年龄是不礼貌的。

We think it (is) impolite to ask British people how old they are. 他们觉得学好英语很难。

我们发现对孩子们来说,记住这些电话号码很重要。

(2 )push v. 推,挤反义词：pull 拉,拖,拔
不要推门。

请拉开。

Don’t push the door. Pull it, please.
如果你想进来，先推再拉。

If you want to come in, first push and then pull.
push in 插队,加塞（美语） cut in (=jump the queue)
Nina 插队排在Peter后面。

Nina pushed in next to Peter.
别插队，这样做是无礼的。

(像别人一样排队等候。

) Don’t push in. It’s rude to do so. (and wait like others.)
无论你是谁，你都不应该插队。

No matter who you are, you shouldn’t push in/ cut in.
10. bump into (hit sb/ sth by accident)
非常抱歉，我撞到你了I’m very sorry to bump into you.
我经常在餐馆和他偶遇。

I often bump into him at the restaurant.
11. If you’re in their way, they won’t touch you or push past (挤过)you.
（1）in one’s/ the way 挡住某人的路/ 妨碍
我不能走的很快，因为很多人挡了我的路。

I couldn't walk very fast because a lot of people got in my way.
（2) touch vt. 触摸, 碰 (n) 别碰那机器，很危险。

Don’t touch that machine. It’s dangerou s.
他感觉到有人轻轻碰了一下他的肩膀。

He felt a gentle touch on his shoulder the sense of touch
(3) if 引导的条件状语从句,主将从现。

如果明天不雨，我们就去野营。

If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go camping.
如果我有问题，我会很快打你电话的。

If I have some questions, I will call you soon.
如果明天下雨，我们将不去野餐了。

If it rain s, we won’t go for a picnic.
如果公交车没停就不要下车。

如果你累了，就休息一会儿。

如果没有时间，我就不去看你了。

主将从现：适用于：条件状语从句和时间状语从句主现从现
12. They’ll say “excuse me” and be polite enough to wait till you move.
(1) excuse n. 借口； V. 原谅
这仅仅是个借口。

This is only an excuse.
玛丽解释了为什么他迟到了，但是我们没有接受她的借口。

Mary explained why she was late, but we didn’t accept her excuse.
请原谅他来晚了。

Please excuse him for arriving late. (excuse sb for doing sth)
Excuse me和I’m sorry的用法不同，前者是打扰或麻烦别人的客套用语，后者则是做错事后的道歉用语或委婉拒绝别人的请求时用的。

劳驾，你能告诉我如何去公园吗？Excuse me. Can you tell me how to go to the park?
很抱歉，我早上打碎了你的杯子。

I’m sorry. I broke your glass this morning.
-_______to knock your books over. - It doesn't matter.
A. I am sorry
B. Excuse me
C. Thank you
D. You are welcome
(2) be +adj.+ enough + to do...... "很/足够...能做..."
He is strong enough to move the big stone. =He is so strong that he can move the big stone.
(3) till 作连词，一般情况下可以和until 互换，但till一般不用于句首not …until 直到…才
昨天我完成了作业才睡觉。

I didn‘t go to sleep until I finished my homework yesterday.
昨天他一直等我到我们放学。

He waited for me until/ till our school was over.
要到完成这项工作我们才能离开。

We can’t leave till/ until we finish the work.
13.British people are very polite at home as well, aren’t they?
(1) as well一般不用否定句，通常放在句末，其前不用逗号。

either用于否定句，放在句末。

too语气较轻，多用于口语，在肯定句/疑问句中使用，通常位于句末。

also比too正式一些，语气较重，只用于肯定句，一般紧靠动词。

我去过北京，也去过上海。

I have been to Beijing and I have been to Shanghai as well.
她会跳舞，也会唱歌。

She can dance and she can sing as well.
(2) 反义疑问句： The weather is very cold, ________? She isn’t a teac her, _____________?
We can’t say so, ________________? There is little food in the fridge, ____?
Alice had nothing for breakfast this morning, ______? Lily has kept the storybook for five years, _____? Millie hardly worries about her maths, ___?
14. voice/ sound/ noise keep your voice down 压低你的声音; drop your voice
raise your voice; at the top of your voice; VOA= voice of America; in a low/ high voice
15. aloud : read/ think/ call/ talk aloud; loudly: ring/ knock/ laugh loudly
loud: loud enough; as loud as; too loud;
16．I hope so．但愿如此。

某些表示想法的动词或结构后，可以接替代词so（用于肯定）和not （用于否定），用以代替前面提到的内容，这类动词和鲒构主要有：think，believe，hope，suppose, guess, imagine, expect, be afraid等。

(1) - Will he come to the party? 他来参加晚会吗？
-I hope so.我希望他来。

-I hope not.我希望他不来。

-I don't hope so．（误）
(2) - Can you finish it in time? 你能及时完成吗？ -I'm afraid so.恐怕可以吧。

- I'm afraid not．恐怕不行
(3) - Is that Mary? 那是玛丽吗？ - Yes，I think so.我想是的吧。

- No，I don't think so.我想不是吧。

17. Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.”入乡随俗。

=When we are in a strange place, we should do as the local people do.其省略形式when in Rome也表达
同样意思
(1) as 的用法： We all like her as she is kind. I saw Peter as I was getting off the bus.
Tom runs as fast as I . They were all dressed as clowns(小丑)
As a student, I should study hard. As a child, he used to go there to swim.
As far as I know, it will be fine tomorrow. I have decided to study as hard as I can.
As you know, David hasn’t been very well recently. Do as I say. as follows
(2) saying n. 谚语；格言 (可数名词) 一个古老的格言 an old saying
我的祖母知道很多英语格言。

My grandpa knows a lot of English sayings.
练习：一. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. What did you do after_______ (arrive) home?
2. He often invites some friends_______ (come) to his home to study at weekends.
3. If you're free, I_______ (call) you up.
4. You should speak to the old_______ (polite) here.
5. Try_______ (not be) late next time.
6.He is clever enough ____(work) out the difficult problem.
二,选择 ( )1._______,but can you tell me the way to the nearest shopping mall?
A. Excuse me B．I am sorry C. Thank you D. You are welcome
( )2. ---Can I use your computer? ----___ I am using it now.
A. I am afraid so.
B. I am afraid not.
C. I hope so.
D. I hope not.
( )3. The teacher told us to do____ he did. A. like B. as C. with D. for
( )4.I speak English after class_______. A. neither B. also C. as well D. either
三.翻译 1．他们见面时握了一下手。

They_______ _______ _______ each other when they met. 2．你们应该避免玩危险的游戏。

You should_______ _______ dangerous games.
3．昨天我意外地在街道上看到了他。

I saw him in the street_______ _______.
4．不要在公共场所吸烟。

Don't_______ _______ _______.
四. 选择合适短语完成句子。

as well in one’s way in public push in shake sb’s hand
1. My classmates love music. I love it _________.
2. It is impolite to ________ before others.
3. We should not speak loudly ________. 5. Please do not stand ___________. I am in a hurry.
4. Chinese people usually ________________ when they meet you for the first time.。