八年级下英语U4知识点

U4知识点及词组
（1）publish v. _____出版__
publishing n.______出版业
publisher n.出版商
This company _publishs_ children’s books.
(2) elect v. 选举
n. 选举 election
elector n. _选民
Reagan (里根) _was__elected_ as the thirty-second President of the United States.
In America, the presidential(总统的) _elections__ are held every four years.
An elector is a person who has the right to vote in an _election_.
(3) chief adj. most important _主要的_
chief and main
1)两者均是形容词，意为，“主要的，重要的”，通常只做定语，一般不用作表语，有时可以互换。

The chief/main task主要任务主要城市 main city
主要问题 main problem
2）用于人时，通常用chief而不用main 如：
总工程师 the chief engineer 主厨main cook
3）表示整体中的主要部分或主要力量，通常用如：
总管道main pipe 主要街道 main street
(4) editor n. 编辑 edit v. 编辑
She is the __________ of a new collection of ghost stories.（editor）
It’s 11pm. He _________a book of essays.(散文)(is editing)
（5）suggest v. 建议提议
suggestion n. 建议
常用搭配根据某人的建议 on /at one’s suggestion
提议 make a suggestion
在。

的建议之下 on the suggestion of…
(6) take charge of 负责，掌管
be in charge of 负责，掌管
be responsible for 负责，掌管
Mr Smith will take charge of our class next term. (改同意句)
Mr Smith will be in charge of/be responsible for our class next term.
(7) ought to modal（情态动词） v. __应当近义词 should
(8) talk over 详谈
We should talk it over among ourselves.
(9) consider vt.考虑 = think about
You have to consider what to do next.
你必须考虑下一步该做什么。

consider doing sth. 考虑做某事
(10) decision [di'siʒən] n. 决定，决心；决议 make a decision
Then we can make our decision. 然后我们可以来做个决定。

We agree to the _decision_. 我们同意这个决定。

decide [di'said] vt. 决定；解决；判决 vi. 决定，下决心 reach, make, or come to a decision about something
[ 过去式decided 过去分词decided 现在分词deciding ]
They need to ____________ it! 他们需要作出决定！
The company must now decide whether to cement the well from the top.
该公司现在必须决定是否用水泥从顶部彻底封堵油井。

(11) choice [tʃɔis] the person or thing chosen or selected n. 选择；选择权；精
选品
You have your choice between the two. 在这两个之中，你有选择权。

However, the two young people make their own choice.
尽管如此，年轻人还是做出自己的选择。

choose [tʃu:z] vt. 选择，决定 vi. 选择，挑选 chose chosen
He had to decide between death and dishonor.(不履行诺言等)
I _choose to learn from it. 我选择了从中吸取教训。

(12) agree [ə'ɡri:] vt. 同意；赞成；承认
disagree vi. 不同意；不一致；争执；不适宜
agree about (对价钱、条件等)达成令人满意的协议；商定，约定；就…取得一致
意见
agree with sb 同意…的意见/同意（意见、看法）
agree to sth.
13) in all 总共，合计 altogether
In all, it consists of more than 70 parts. 总的来说，一把小提琴有70多个
部件组成。

(14) a bit 一点儿；有一点儿
1)只修饰处于补足语位置上的形容词，不能修饰名词短语前的形容词，此时用法与 a
little 一样
The box is a bit /a little heavy
The weather is a bit /a little hot.
2) a bit 不能直接修饰名词，需用 a bit of 但a little可以直接修饰
I have a little money with me.
3)a bit =a little 可用于修饰形容词或者副词的比较级
Our room is a bit /a little bigger than theirs.
4）a bit a little 二者在否定句中意思相反，not a bit=not at all(一点也不)，而not a little= very much(不是一点而是很。

)
（15）reader n.读者
3..本课重点词组、句式
1.publish a newspaper 出版一份报纸
2.hold a meeting 举行会议
be held=take place
4．experience 经验，经历
e.g. She has experience. 她有经验。

her experiences as an editor 她作为编辑的经历
[关联]experienced a. 有经验的
e.g. an experienced teacher 一位有经验的老师
5．elect= choose by voting 选举
e.g. elect the chief editor 选举主编
elect her (to be) the chief editor 选她做主编
6．chief editor 主编
edit v. 编辑 editor n. 编辑
7．take charge of=be in charge of 主管负责
be responsible for
e.g. She takes charge of our class.=She is in charge of our class.
8. ought to 应该
9．suggest v.建议 suggestion n. 建议
Suggest 的用法 a. 后接名词或者动名词作宾语。

She suggested an early start.
I suggested _______ off the sports meeting.(put)
b.后接that宾语从句，that从句用should+动词原形，should可以省略。

Tom suggested that the sports meeting (should) not ___ held on Saturday.(be) e.g. She suggested that we (should) elect a secretary.
I suggested choosing Joyce.
10. vote for sb. 投票选某人
vote against sb. 投票不选某人
11．take notes 记笔记
12．section （报纸等的）一部分
e.g. the sports section of a newspaper 报纸的体育专版
13．be free to readers 对读者免费
14．consider=think about carefully 考虑
e.g. I’m considering going abroad. 我正在考虑出国。

15．briefly =shortly or quickly 简短的
16．make a decision=decide 决定
17．make a list 列张清单
18．agree to do 同意做某事
agree with sb. 同意某人
19．conclude=finish 结束
语法知识：
1.should的用法：
should用做情态动词，无时态和人称的变化，后面跟动词原形。

其否定式为should not(should n’t)
a.表示“义务或责任”，意思是“应该”。

We should keep our promise. 我们应该遵守诺言。

You shouldn’t be so careless. 你不应该如此粗心大意。

b.表示可能性，推测，估计，意思是“可能”，“该”。

She should be home by now ,I think. 我想，她现在可能该到家了。

It’s tow o’clock , the football game should begin soon.
已经两点钟了，足球比赛不久就该开始了。

c.表示说话人用委婉，谦虚的语气提出意见，请求或建议，意思是“可”，“到时”，“想”
等。

I should say it would be better to try it again. 我以为可以在试试。

（提出建议）
I should advise you to pay more attention to your health.
我倒是建议你多注意身体。

（建议）
I should like to have a talk with you. 我想跟你谈一谈。

（请求）
d. should后面跟“have+过去分词”结构，其肯定句表示过去应该做而未作的事，
2.ought 的用法
ought无时态和人称变化，后面跟带to的动词不定时，其疑问式为Ought I/you to…?
其否定式为ought not to…
1.表示有义务必须做某事，意思是“应该”；语气比should强带有责备或督促的含义。

You ought to go tomorrow. 你应该明天去。

Ought he to do it at once? 他应当立刻就去吗？
Yes, he ought to. 是的，他应当立刻就做。

No, you ought not to. 不，他不应当立刻就做。

You ought not (oughtn’t) to drink too much. 你不应该喝太多酒。

2.表示非常可能的事，意思是“一定会”，“该…”.
We ought to win. 我们一定会赢。

If he started at ten, he ought to be there by time.
假如他10点出发，现在该到那里了。

提示：should、ought to后面跟“have+过去分词”结构，其肯定句表示过去应该做而未作的事 .
I should have thought of that.这一点我应该想到的。

（却没有想到）
You ought to have helped her.你本该帮她的。

（却没有帮助她）
否定形式shouldn’t 和ought not to后面跟“have+过去分词”则表示了过去不该做但做了的事情。

You shouldn’t have gone back to work without the doctor’s permission.
你不应该未经医生许可就回去工作。

（却去工作了）
I ought not to have done it. 我本不该做这件事。

（却做了）
4. Object clauses宾语从句
一般疑问句变为宾语从句时，从句变为陈述据序，连词用if或whether.如:
Do you study English at school?
I wonder if (whether) you study English at school.
Is he a student?
I asked him if (whether) he was a student. (如果主句是过去时态，从句通常用
过去时态。

)
Will they succeed?
I’m not sure if (whether) they will succeed.。