高考英语一轮达标Unit5FirstAid练题含解析新人教版必修

First Aid
李仕才
一、阅读理解。

Known as “The Man with the Golden Arm”，nearly every week for the past 60 years，James Harrison has donated blood plasma(血浆)from his right arm.The reasons can date back to a serious medical procedure.
“When I was 14，I had a chest operation，” recalls Harrison，who is now aged 80.“My father said I had received 13 units of blood and my life had been saved by unknown people.So I said when I'm old enough，I'll become a blood donor.”
Soon after Harrison became a donor，doctors called him in.His blood，they said，could be the answer to a deadly problem.
“In Australia，up until about 1967，there were about thousands of babies dying each year because of the rhesus disease(恒河猴溶血病)，” explains Jemma Falkenmire，of the Australian Red Cross Blood Service.
Harrison was discovered to have an unusual antibody (抗体)in his blood and in the 1960s he worked with doctors to use the antibodies to develop an injection(注射)called Anti­D which can prevent this disease.
Harrison's blood is precious.Every batch of Anti­D that has ever been made in Australia has come from Harrison's blood.He and Anti­D are credited with saving the lives of more than 2 million babies，according to the Australian Red Cross Blood Service：That's about 2 million lives saved by one man's blood.
Harrison is considered a national hero，and has won numerous awards.He has now donated his plasma more than 1,000 times，but no matter how many times he's given blood there's one thing that will never change：“I look at the ceiling or the nurses，maybe talk to them a bit，but never once have I watched the needle go in my arm.I can't stand the sight of blood，and I can't stand pain，” he says.
1．What was the main reason for Harrison's becoming a blood donor?
A．He has a golden arm.
B．He has precious blood plasma.
C．His father encouraged him to help others.
D．Donated blood once made him survive.
2．Why is James' blood precious?
A．James has the Anti­D in his blood.
B．His blood is more useful in treating the rhesus disease.
C．James' blood is the main source of Anti­D in Austral ia.
D．James has donated more plasma than other donators.
3．How does Harrison feel when donating his plasma?
A．Nervous. B．Relaxed.
C．Anxious D．Excited.
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了James Harrison用自己的血液挽救了超过两百万名婴儿生命的故事。

1．D 考查细节理解。

根据第二段的“My father said I had receiv ed 13 units of blood and my life had been saved by unknown people.So I said when I'm old enough，I'll become a blood donor”可知，Harrison知道他的生命是被不相识的人救的，所以长大要做一个献血者。

故D项正确。

2．C 考查细节理解。

根据第六段第一、二句“Harrison's blood is precious.Every batch of Anti­D that has ever been made in Australia has come from Harrison's blood”可知，Harrison的血液宝贵的原因是他的血液是澳大利亚Anti­D的主要来源，故C项正确。

3．A 考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“I look at the ceiling or the nurses, maybe talk to them a bit，but never once have I watched the needle go in my arm”可知，在献血时他看着天花板或者护士，也许跟护士聊一聊，但从来不看针扎进手臂。

据此可以判断，他在献血时很紧张，故A项正确。

二、单句语法填空
1．It is vital that these forms ________ (send) back as early as possible.
答案：(should) be sent It is vital that ... “……是十分重要的”。

其中that 从句谓语动词应用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。

2．________ the aid of our professor, we finished the experiment successfully.
答案：With with the aid/help of ... “在……的帮助下”。

3．You'd better put things back ________ place. Otherwise, it will be difficult to find them.
答案：in in place “在适当的位置”。

4．We ________ (watch) TV when there was a power failure.
答案：were watching be doing ... when ... “正在做……这时……”，再由“there was ...”可知应用过去进行时，故填were watching。

5．The new technology, if ________ (apply) to rice growing, will help increase the grain output.
答案：applied 从句为状语从句的省略形式。

The new technology与apply之间为逻
辑上的被动关系，故应填过去分词作状语。

6．Men and women should ________ (treat) equally in education and employment.
答案：be treated treat和Men and women在逻辑上存在动宾关系，应用被动语态。

7．His head had struck the wall and ________ (bleed)．
答案：was bleeding 此处表示头部正在流血，前一分句用了过去完成时，故此处应用过去进行时，表示过去某时正在持续的状态。

8．Everyone arrived late at the party for ________ (variety) reasons.
答案：various 修饰名词reasons应用形容词，表示“各种各样的”，故填various。

9．Television violence ________ (poison) the minds of young people.
答案：is poisoning 表示现阶段正在持续发生的动作，应用现在进行时。

10．Dozens of people got ________ (injury) and many vehicles were set on fire.
答案：injured get injured “受伤”。

三、完形填空。

When Lisa Welch，from Jimboomba，Queensland，was struggling with what to gift her son for his upcoming 10th birthday，she was beaten.Her little boy Jorge has a __1__， who，born with Corticol Dysplasia，is unable to speak and his brain __2__ as an 18 months old.
Lisa had noticed that during the drive to school each weekday morning，Jorge almost jumped out of his seat __3__ every time they passed a big truck.This was what gave her the idea to put a post on the local Facebook Sell It page, __4__ a person with a truck to visit their home for an hour and __5__ take Jorge for a ride.Within minutes，Melissa Whelan，whose husband Tom drives a big truck，__6__ to be online and contacted(联系)Lisa, Jorge's birthday __7__ had been organized.
But the story doesn't __8__ there.The offers of trucks and time kept pouring in.It was at this point that Gavin，another trucker，stepped in and __9__.Afterwards，he set up a __10__ page “Jimboomba Jorge” __11__ everyone could keep pace with what was unfolding.The __12__ of the birthday surprise spread，and enthusiasm and local community spirit __13__.Within 5 days，Gavin had organized a convoy(车队)of 214 trucks, with __14__ coming from across the country.He spoke with radio stations 4BC about Jorge and the convoy.Channel 9 Australia was contacted and they too made arrangements to be __15__ on the day.
Saturday the 15th December __16__ bright and sunny，which turned out the best ever birthday for Jorge.The community also __17__ a total of $1 700 toward Jorge's
ongoing __18__ costs and __19__ the birthday presents was the donation of a tablet PC from the local Telstra shop.Lisa is excited that this can be used to aid Jorge with his __20__.
1．A.toy B．disability
C．situation D．habit
2．A.treats B．considers
C．functions D．describes
3．A.casually B．calmly
C．excitedly D．violently
4．A.asking for B．depending on
C．sending for D．bringing up
5．A.frequently B．gradually
C．deliberately D．possibly
6．A.hesitated B．happened
C．intended D．pretended
7．A.surprise B．invitations
C．evening D．dance
8．A.end B．begin
C．turn D．mean
9．A.pulled over B．handed over
C．took over D．thought over
10．A.normal B．frequent
C．usual D．special
11．A.in case B．even if
C．as long as D．so that
12．A.time B．place
C．rule D．message
13．A.grew B．sank
C．lost D．fell
14．A.doctors B．drivers
C．clerks D．patients
15．A.off B．out
C．away D．there
16．A.showed B．wiped
C．dawned D．varied
17．A.raised B．earned
C．wasted D．spent
18．A.general B．medical
C．living D．travelling
19．A.between B．at
C．among D．against
20．A.decision B．communication
C．drive D．relationship
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了母亲Lisa为她患病的儿子准备生日惊喜的故事。

在很多人的帮助下，她的儿子Jorge度过了一个完美的生日，同时，Jorge还收到了很多生日礼物以及好心人的捐款。

1．B 考查名词辨析。

A项意为“玩具”；B项意为“缺陷，障碍”；C项意为“情况”；D项意为“习惯”。

根据空格后的“who, born with Corticol Dysplasia, is unable to speak and his brain ________ as an 18 months old”可判断出，Jorge生来身体上就有缺陷。

故选B。

2．C 考查动词辨析。

A项意为“对待”；B项意为“考虑”；C项意为“正常工作，运转”；D项意为“描述”。

根据“is unable to speak”可判断出，Jorge大脑的运转水平大约和18月大的孩子一样。

故选C。

3．C 考查副词辨析。

A项意为“不经意地”；B项意为“镇静地”；C项意为“兴奋地”；D项意为“强烈地”。

根据上文中的“jumped out of his seat”可判断出，此处指Jorge每次看到有大卡车经过时都会从座位上兴奋地跳起来。

故选C。

4．A 考查动词短语辨析。

A项意为“请求”；B项意为“依赖”；C项意为“派人去请”；D项意为“提出，养育”。

根据空格后的“a person with a truck to visit their home for an hour”可判断出，此处指Lisa是想请求一位有卡车的人来她家。

故选A。

5．D 考查副词辨析。

A项意为“频繁地”；B项意为“逐渐地”；C项意为“故意地”；D项意为“可能，也许”。

根据语境可知，Lisa希望如果有可能的话，卡车司机可以载Jorge 一程。

故选D。

6．B 考查动词辨析。

A项意为“犹豫”；B项意为“发生”；C项意为“打算”；D
项意为“假装”。

此处指丈夫是卡车司机的Melissa Whelan碰巧在线并联系了Lisa。

happen to do意为“碰巧发生”。

故选B。

7．A 考查名词辨析。

A项意为“惊喜”；B项意为“邀请”；C项意为“晚上”；D
项意为“舞蹈”。

根据第三段第五句中的“the birthday surprise spread”可知，此处指Lisa做这一切是想给儿子一个生日惊喜。

故选A。

8．A 考查动词辨析。

A项意为“结束”；B项意为“开始”；C项意为“转动”；D
项意为“意思是”。

根据下文内容可知，这个故事并没有到此结束。

故选A。

9．C 考查动词短语辨析。

A项意为“靠边停车”；B项意为“移交”；C项意为“接替，接任”；D项意为“仔细考虑”。

根据下文中的“he set up a ________ page ‘Jimboomba Jorge'”可知，另一位卡车司机介入并接替了这件事情。

故选C。

10．D 考查形容词辨析。

A项意为“正常的”；B项意为“频繁的”；C项意为“通常的”；D项意为“特别的”。

根据下文内容可知，这是一张特别的“page”。

故选D。

11．D 考查连词短语辨析。

A项意为“万一，假使”；B项意为“即使”；C项意为“只要”；D项意为“以便”。

此处指Gavin建立一个写有“Jimboomba Jorge”的页面以便每个人都能知道这件事情的进展。

空格后面的状语从句表示的是结果，能引导结果状语从句的只有so that。

故选D。

12．D 考查名词辨析。

A项意为“时间”；B项意为“地点”；C项意为“规则”；D 项意为“消息”。

根据语境可知，生日惊喜的消息很快就传播开了。

故选D。

13．A 考查动词辨析。

A项意为“增长”；B项意为“下沉”；C项意为“丢失”；D 项意为“落下”。

根据下文内容可知，生日惊喜的消息很快就传播开来，热情和当地社区人们的情绪高涨。

故选A。

14．B 考查名词辨析。

A项意为“医生”；B项意为“司机”；C项意为“职员”；D 项意为“病人”。

根据上文中的“Gavin had organized a convoy(车队)of 214 trucks”可知，Gavin组织了一个由来自全国各地的司机组成的卡车车队。

故选B。

15．D 考查副词辨析。

句意为：有人联系了澳大利亚的Channel 9，他们也做出了安排，那天会在那里(进行报道)。

故选D。

16．C 考查动词辨析。

A项意为“展示”；B项意为“擦”；C项意为“天亮，破晓”；D项意为“变化”。

根据“bright and sunny”可判断出，天亮之后才能阳光明媚。

故选C。

17．A 考查动词辨析。

A项意为“筹集”；B项意为“赚得”；C项意为“浪费”；D 项意为“花费”。

根据空格后的“a total of $1 700”可知，社区也为Jorge筹集了1 700美元。

故选A。

18．B 考查形容词辨析。

A项意为“全体的，普遍的”；B项意为“医疗的”；C项意为“活着的”；D项意为“旅行的”。

因为Jorge是一个患病的孩子，根据空格前后的“Jorge's ongoing”和“costs”可知，这些钱是用来支付Jorge的医疗费用的。

故选B。

19．C 考查介词辨析。

根据语境可知，Jorge的生日礼物很多，among the birthday presents表示“在这些礼物当中”，符合语境。

故选C。

20．B 考查名词辨析。

A项意为“决定”；B项意为“交流”；C项意为“驾车路程”；D项意为“关系”。

根据第一段中的“is unable to speak”和本段中的“a tablet PC from the local Telstra shop”可知，当地的Telstra商店送给Jorge一个平板电脑，Lisa认
为这对Jorge的交流会有所帮助。

故选B。

亮点句积累：The offers of trucks and time kept pouring in.(第三段第二句)
译文：可供使用的卡车和时间段不断涌来。

词汇积累：pour v．不断涌向organize v．组织
keep pace with保持同步，并驾齐驱
四、单句改错
1．I don't know what to do, because the number of problems have arisen.
______________________________________________________
答案：the→a此处表述“大量的问题出现了”。

the number of ... “……的数量”；
a number of “许多；大量的”，后接可数名词复数形式。

2．Don't take anything away. Father likes everything to be in the place.
______________________________________________________
答案：去掉the in place “在适当的位置”。

3．We try to create work experience opportunities that will really make big difference to us.
______________________________________________________
答案：make后加a make a difference “有影响；起作用”。

4．He decided to apply for the boss for a job the next day.
______________________________________________________
答案：第一个for→to apply to sb. for ... “向某人申请……”。

5．There is no doubt whether global warming is a threat to us all.
______________________________________________________
答案：whether→that There is no doubt that ... “毫无疑问……”。

五、短文改错
There are many people think that wealth is better than health.I used to think so until one day I had read a story about Howard Joyce.He was an European billionaire who got everything he wanted.Therefore，in the last twenty years of his life，his health began to get worse and he led a miserably life.Although the best doctors called for him，he could still find no relief.I have realized that health is worth all the money in the world.If you have million of dollars but you are at poor health，you will not be able to do what you want to do.So I would like to advise you not to hurt yourself to trying to make money.Instead，take care of your body and be happy with which you do.Health is more important.
【答案】
There are many people ∧who/think thinking
that wealth is better than health.I used to think so until one day I ﹨had read a story about Howard Joyce.He was an a
European billionaire who got everything he wanted.Therefore However
，in the last twenty years of his life ，his health began to get worse and he led a miserably miserable
life.Although the best doctors ∧were called for him ，he could still find no relief.I have realized that health
is worth all the money in the world.If you have million millions of dollars but you are at in
poor health ，you will not be able to do what you want to do.So I would like to advise
you not to hurt yourself to trying try
to make money.Instead ，take care of your body and be happy with which what
you do.Health is more important. 第一处：think 前面加who 或think 改为thinking 。

考查定语从句或现在分词。

分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为many people ，故用who 引导该定语从句；因many people 和think 为主动关系，故也可以用现在分词thinking 作many people 的后置定语。

第二处：删除had 。

考查时态。

根据该句中的“used to”和“until one day”可知，该句陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。

第三处：an→a。

考查冠词。

European 的读音以辅音音素开头，故用a 。

第四处：Therefore→However。

考查副词。

上文说他是一位欧洲亿万富翁，得到了他想要的一切，该句说在他生命里的最后二十年，他的健康状况变得越来越糟。

上下文为转折关系，故用However 。

第五处：miserably→miserable。

考查形容词。

life 为名词，故应用形容词miserable 修饰。

第六处：called 前面加were 。

考查主谓一致、时态和语态。

主语the best doctors 为复数且和动词call 之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态；这里讲述的是过去发生的事情，故用were 。

第七处：million→millions。

考查固定搭配。

millions of 为固定搭配，表示“许多”。

第八处：at→in。

考查介词。

in poor health 为固定搭配，意为“身体不好”。

第九处：trying→try。

考查动词不定式。

此处是动词不定式表目的，故to 后应用动词原形try 。

第十处：which→what。

考查宾语从句。

分析该句结构可知，with 后接宾语从句，连接词在从句中作do 的宾语，故用what 。