英语语法时态

一般态
一．一般现在时
A.定义：经常发生或近一段时间发生的动作。

B.时间状语:today,every-,often,usually,always,regularly,frequently,sometimes, seldom.
C.补充：①主将从现
(一)含义：主句用will do,从句用一般现在时。

(二)适用条件：1.时间状从：when/as soon as。

2.条件状从：if,unless, on condition,that
Eg:As soon as you turn up,other will seem mediocre.
你一出场，别人显得不过如此。

If you don’t leave me,I will be with you till death separates us.
你若不离不弃，我便生死相依。

②其他用法
1.表客观事实或普遍真理。

Eg：Men prefer beahtiful girls.
2.表示任务的性格特征能力。

Eg: People in Shanghai concern outlanders.
3.谓语动词是go com arrive start sail等位移动词表示将或安排好的事.
Eg:The plane arrives at 9a.m..
二．一般过去时
A．定义：过去某一时间发生的动作。

B．时间状语:yesterday,the day,before,yesterday,ago,last-,in+过去时间。

Eg:I went to gym for a run last week.
上周我去了健身房跑步。

C．补充;
(一).n+but+其他n+v（由第一个决定）
(二).use to do 过去常常做某事。

Be used to do 习惯做某事。

Be used to do 被用来做…
（三）.always,often等频度副词也可标识过去经常发声的动作。

Eg：When I was at collage,Iaways went to the library.
三．一般将来时
A．定义：将来某一时间将发生的动作。

B．形式:will/shall do will/shall be
C.时间状语：tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,-lateer,next,in+将来时间，in the following（在接下来的）,soon(不久之后)，in the future(在将来)。

D．补充：①be going to 计划/打算要做某事。

Eg：He is going to speak on TV tomorrow.
②be about to 安排好的事
Eg:The plane is about to take off.(起飞，脱下)
③be to do 将来可能成为现实的事。

Eg:I am to be a doctor in a few years.（in+一段时间一段时间以后）
四．一般过去将来时
A．定义：从过去说将来，主要用于间接引语中。

B．形式：would/should be
C.时间状语（合成时态）：
Eg：She said she would go abrood soon.
He could’t believe it.
He was going to send to his friend.
进行态（be doing）
一．现在进行时
A.定义：现在此刻发生的动作。

B.形式：am/is/are+doing
C.时间状语：now,at the moment,at+时间，look,listen.
D.补充：always,constantly（经常地），continually（不断的）+现在+现在进行时表
说话人的某种感情色彩。

Eg:She is constantly,constantly making mistakes.
二．过去进行时
A．定义：过去某个具体时刻发生的动作
B.形式：was/were+doing
C.时间状语:具体时刻+过去时间
(at) this time yesterday
Eg:I was watching the movie“hichki’’ at this time yesterday.
I watched the movie“hic hki” at last minute.
三．将来进行时
A．定义：将来某个时刻发生的动作
B．形式：will/shall+be doing
C.时间状语：（at）this time 3 days later.
具体时刻+将来时间
D．注：at last minute 在上一分钟一般过
at next minute 在下一分钟一般将
was/were doing…when… 正在做…突然…
Eg:I was washing dates when someone knocked at to door.
完成态
一．现在完成时
A．定义：发生在过去，影响持续到现在。

B．形式:have/has done
C．时间状语：①.截止时间by now,till now,up to now,so far,recently,yet.
②.起始时间：since
Eg:He has worked since 2012.
He has worked since 7 years ago.
He work since he graduated from university.
③.持续时间：for+一段时间(在过去的一段时间里)
In/over/during the past last+一段时间
Eg:In the past few years,great changes have take in my hometown.
He has be dead for 3 year.
D. 注意：①for+一段时间，动词要用延续性动词
die→bedead come→be here
leave→be away from join in→be a member of
buy→have many→be married
②have been to 去过
have gone to 去了
Eg:Have gou been to IKEA?
E. 补充：①.It is/has been+一段时间+since+主语+did. 只从…以来已经多久了
Eg:It is/has been ten years since he left me.
②.This is the +最高级+n+that+现完
Eg:This is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.
这是我见过最美丽的姑娘。

二. 过去完成时
A. 定义:动作发生在过去的过去。

B. 形式：had done
C. 时间状语：①.截止时间by+过去时间
②.起始时间before,after
Eg:Before she got married she had bought an apartment.
③.持续时间：for+一段时间+过去时间
Eg:By 2013 the new Oriental had been found for 20 years.
D.补充：表示愿望打算一类词，hope,expect,mean,intend,want,suppose常用过去完成时表示过去未成实现的愿望。

三.将来完成时
A. 定义：（过去，现在，将来）发生的事对将来产生的影响。

B. 形式：will/shall have done
C. 时间状语:①.截止时间by+将来时间
②.持续时间for+段时间+将来时间
Eg:By this time of next year,all of you will have become college students.
四.现在完成进行时
A. 定义：过去的动作还在进行，译为“一直在做”。

B. 形式：have/has been doing
C. 时间状语：（同现在完成时）
Eg:He has been waiting for his girlfriends for 3 hours and he still stands there.
Eg:By next month,Jessica will have been away from home for one year.
总结：①.by the time 直到…时
By the time+主+do/does+主+will/shall have done (主将从现)
By the time+主+did+did,主+had done(过去完成时)
Eg:By the time the course came to an end we had loved Jing Tongxuetang.
②.It is/was the+序数+time that+主+have/has/had done 这是第几次做…
Eg:It was the first time that I had understood English.
It is (high/about) time that 主+did 是时候该做某事
Eg:It is high time that we took effective measures to deerease its disadvantages to minimum.
是时候我们应当采取有效措施来讲他的劣势减少到最小。

③.Since+主+did,主+have/has done
Eg:The old man has been taken good care of since he came into the hospital.
④.Before+主+did,主+had done
Eg:Before I saw the film,I had bought the ticket.。