外研版高中英语必修2：M2__Grammar1和Grammar2语法精讲练

名师讲语法：M2 Grammar1和Grammar2语法精讲练观察下列从Reading and V ocabulary中选取的句子，体会动词不定式作目的状语以及结果状语从句的用法。

①And I had to steal something every day to pay for the drugs.
②The next day，a doctor came to see me.
③I didn't have enough money so he didn't give me any drugs.
④He told me that I could die if I didn't stop taking crack cocaine，so I took his advice and stopped immediately.
[自我总结]
1．不定式在句中作目的状语，常译为“”。

不定式一般放在谓语动词，但为了强调目的也可放在。

为了加强语气，不定式前还可加上或。

2．结果状语从句表示事态的结果，常置于主句，从句通常由，，so...that...，such...that...等引导。

【答案】 1.为了；之后；句首；in order；so as 2.之后；so；so that
不定式作目的状语
不定式作为非谓语动词的一种形式，在句子中可作主语、表语、宾语、补语、定语和状语。

不定式作状语表示目的时常用的动词短语结构为to do，only to do，in order to do，so as to do。

1．不定式作状语表示目的，可以置于句首或句末，置于句首时通常用逗号与其他部分隔开。

You must do everything you can to help them.
你必须尽最大努力帮助他们。

To search for the lost plane，the local government sent out hundreds of people.
为了寻找那架失踪的飞机，当地政府派出了好几百人。

2．有时为了加强语气，可在不定式前加in order和so as，即构成in order
to和so as to，但so as to 不能放在句首。

She studied very hard in order to pass the exam.
她努力学习以便通过考试。

Let's hurry so as to get to school on time.
我们快点吧，以便按时到校。

In order to catch the first bus to work，he gets up early every day.为赶早班车去上班，他天天起得很早。

3．不定式的否定结构应在不定式符号to前加否定词not，构成not to do，in order not to do 或so as not to do 结构。

I studied in my spare time in order not to/so as not to fall behind others.
为了不落在别人后面，我业余时间都在学习。

4．不定式表示目的时，通常它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语；若不是，就用for结构表示逻辑主语。

I got up early to go to school.我早起是为了去上学。

He spoke slowly for us to follow him.
他说得很慢为的是让我们跟上他。

结果状语从句
结果状语的从句部分用来补充说明主句中谓语动作发生的结果，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。

结果状语从句一般放在句子的末尾，通常由so，so that，so...that...，such...that...引导。

本模块主要学习由so...that...和such...that...引导的结果状语从句。

1．so＋adj./adv.＋that...
She was so excited that she couldn't say anything.
她是如此激动以至于说不出话来。

They played so happily that they forgot the time.
他们玩得如此愉快以至于忘了时间。

2．①so＋adj.＋a/an＋单数名词＋that...
②so＋many/few＋可数名词复数＋that...
③so＋much/little＋不可数名词＋that...
He is so good a boy that we all like him.
他是如此好的一个男孩以至于我们都喜欢他。

There were so many interesting books that I didn't know which to choose.
有那么多有趣的书，我不知道该选哪本了。

【提示】当名词前有little，若little 意为“少”，表数量，则其前用so 修饰；若little 意为“小”，则用such 修饰。

I have so little money that I have to find another job.
我的钱如此少以至于我不得不再找份工作。

They are such little children that we had to take good care of them day and night.
他们是小孩子，我们得日夜照料他们。

3．①such＋a/an＋adj.＋单数名词＋that...
②such＋adj.＋复数名词/不可数名词＋that...
This is such an interesting book that I like to read it.
这是一本如此有趣的书以至于我很喜欢读它．
He made such great progress that his teacher praised him.
他取得如此大的进步以至于老师表扬了他。

There were such a lot of people in the street that he couldn't get through.
街上有如此多的人以至于他根本过不去。

【提示】①so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。

引导目的状语从句时，相当于in order that，且从句中常有may，might，can，could，would等情态动词。

He got up early so that he could get to school on time.
他起得很早，以便能准时到校。

He got up early，so that he got to school on time.
他起得很早，所以他准时到达学校。

②为强调so...that...结构中的形容词或副词，可以把so放在句首，主句中用部分倒装结构。

So excited was he that he couldn't fall asleep the whole night.
他兴奋地整夜无法入眠。

So loudly did he speak that everyone heard him clearly.
他说话声音很高，每个人都听得清楚。

Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2013·湖南高考) warm at night，I would fill the woodstove，then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.
A．Staying B．Stayed C．To stay D．Stay
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

此处考查动词不定式表目的，前半句句意：晚间，我为了保持暖和，我就把柴炉加满。

故选C。

【答案】 C
2．(2013·山东高考)I stopped the car a short break as I was feeling tired.
A．take B．taking C．to take D．taken
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

句意：我停下车来休息一会儿，因为我感觉累了。

此处动词不定式表目的，故选C。

【答案】 C
3．With Father's Day around the corner，I have taken some money out of the bank presents for my dad.
A．buy B．to buy C．buying D．to have bought
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

句中非谓语动词作目的状语，因此选B项。

句意：父亲节将要到来，为了给爸爸买礼物我已经从银行取了一些钱。

【答案】 B
4．the project in time，the staff were working at weekends.
A．Completing B．Having completed
C．To have completed D．To complete
【解析】由后面的the staff were working at weekends.可知，周末一直在工作的目的就是按时完成工程，故选D项，用不定式作目的状语。

C项为不定式的完成式，表示完成，时间不妥。

【答案】 D
5．The Great Wall is tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.
A．so a well-known B．a so well-known
C．such well-known D．such a well-known
【解析】考查“such a＋adj.＋n.＋that”句型。

tourist attraction 意为“旅游胜地”，是可数名词，所以答案为D项。

也可表达为so well known a tourist attraction。

【答案】 D
6．Roses need special care they can live through winter.
A．because B．so that C．even if D．as
【解析】句意：玫瑰花需要专门的照顾以便它们能度过冬天。

so that“以至于”。

【答案】 B
7．My father's idea was such a good one we all agreed to accept it.
A．so B．and C．that D．as
【解析】句意：我爸爸的主意如此得好以至于我们都同意接受它。

本题考查such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.＋that结构。

【答案】 C
8．In order to make our city green，.
A．it is necessary to have planted more trees
B．many more trees need to plant
C．our city needs more trees
D．we must plant more trees
【解析】句意：为了绿化我们的城市，我们必须多植树。

不定式作目的状语，其逻辑主语为句子的主语。

【答案】 D
9．So sudden that the enemy had no time to escape.
A．did the attack B．the attack did
C．was the attack D．the attack was
【解析】句意：袭击那么突然，敌人根本没时间逃跑。

“so＋adj./adv.”位于句首，句子要用部分倒装，故排除B、D项；又因sudden 作表语，故C 项正确。

【答案】 C
10．improve my spoken English，I often talk with foreign friends.
A．In order to B．So as to C．In order that D．So that
【解析】根据空格后是动词improve，只能从A、B中选择答案。

so as to 不能放于句首，C和D后引导从句。

【答案】 A
Ⅱ.用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空
1．(keep)fit，she takes exercise every morning.
2．The police went to the house (search) for the drug dealer.
3．He stared at the bird，(consider)how to catch it.
4．He opened the door for the children (come)in.
5．I came here only (say)goodbye to you.
【答案】 1.To keep 2.to search 3.considering 4．to come 5.to say。