第十一章财务报表试题及答案

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财务报表分析与运用 杰拉尔德 课后答案英文版第十一章

财务报表分析与运用 杰拉尔德 课后答案英文版第十一章

Chapter 11 SolutionsOverview:Problem Length Problem #s{S} 1 - 4, 9, 11, 12, 15, 16, 21, 22{M} 5, 7, 8, 10, 13, 14, 17, 18, 20, 23, 24 {L} 6, 19, 251.{S}(i) Interest expense = 12% x $10,000 (beginning balance oflease obligation) = $1,200.(ii)The lease obligation will be reduced by $100 ($1,300 - $1,200) leaving an obligation of $9,900.(iii)Cash from Operations will be reduced by the interest payment of $1,200. Cash from investing activities willnot be affected. (However, the firm will report thecapi tal lease as a “noncash investment and financingactivity.” Cash from financing will be reduced by theamount of the principal payment of $100.(iv)Under an operating lease there is no lease obligation on the balance sheet. The only effect on income isRent Expense of $1,300. Similarly, CFO is reduced by$1,300. (CFI and CFF are not affected).2.{S}(i) In a take-or-pay arrangement, a company contracts tobuy or pay for a certain amount of a supplier’scommodity at a predetermined price over a stated timeperiod. The company, by entering the contract, incursan economic liability. However, since it is only acontract, no accounting liability is recorded on thebalance sheet – it is off balance sheet.(ii) In a sale of receivable, a company “sells” its receivables to a third-party, usually a financialinstitution. Typically, the sale is made at adiscounted price from the face value and the sellermay retain some or all of the default risk. The sale,in substance, is a financing arrangement with thereceivables being used as collateral. However, underGAAP, the transaction is treated as a sale and thedebt does not appear on the balance sheet.(iii)A joint venture represents an investment of 50% or less by one company (the “investor”) in anothercompany. Under GAAP, since ownership is not over 50%,the assets and liabilities of the joint venture neednot be consolidated with the parent’s assets andliabilities. Hence, any debt taken on by the jointventure remains off balance sheet even when theinvestor is liable for the debt.11-13.{S} Effect of choice of interest rate on lessee:4.{S}a. Pallavi must capitalize the lease because the leaseagreement contains a bargain purchase option. Notethat the lease also meets one other capitalizationcriterion: The present value of minimum lease paymentsexceeds 90% of the fair market value of the equipment(see part b for computations).b. The fair market value of the asset is $125,000. Thepresent value of the MLPs is $127,785 (at 8%, thelower of the lessee and lessor rates); the asset mustbe capitalized at the (lower) fair market value. (Notethat the lease obligation is the sum of the presentvalues of the MLPs and the bargain purchase option –the latter is not provided.)11-2c.Leases must be capitalized at the lesser of thepresent value of lease payments or the fair value ofthe lease; in this case, the lease must be capitalizedat the fair value of $125,000.d. The existence of the bargain purchase option requiresdepreciation over the estimated economic life of theasset rather than the (shorter) lease term.e. The option creates the presumption that the asset willbe held past the expiration date of the lease.Otherwise it must be assumed that use of the assetwill revert to the lessor at expiration, requiring thelessee to depreciate the leased asset over the(shorter) lease term.5.{M}a. The following states the effects of Tolrem using thecapital lease method as compared with the operatinglease method.(i) Cash from operations is higher as only theinterest portion of lease expense is deductedfrom operating cash flows; total lease expense isdeducted for operating leases.(ii) Financing cash flow is lower for capital lease, as part of lease rental is treated asamortization of liability and classified asfinancing cash outflow.(iii)Investing cash flow is not affected by the lease treatment. However, the firm will report capitalleases in the statement of cash flows (or afootnote) as noncash investment activities.(iv) Net cash flow reflects the actual rental payment and is unaffected by the financial reportingtreatment of the lease.(v) Debt/equity ratio is higher for capital lease, as it records the present value of minimum leasepayments as debt and reduces net income (andtherefore equity) in first year.(vi) Interest coverage ratio is usually (not always) lower for capital lease method, which reportsinterest expense but also higher EBIT, see (vii).For coverage ratios well above 1.0, the ratiowill decline. If the increase in interest expenseexceeds the increase in EBIT, the ratio willdecline even for firms with very low coverageratios.11-3(vii)Operating income is lower for operating lease because the total lease payment is an operatingexpense; for capital lease, interest portion oflease expense is nonoperating.(viii)Net income is higher for operating lease; total lease expense (interest plus depreciation) ishigher for capital lease.(ix) Deferred tax assets are higher for capital lease;as lease treatment for tax purposes is unaffectedby accounting choice, capital lease will generatea deferred tax asset as taxable income (operatinglease) exceeds pretax income (capital lease).(x) Taxes paid are unaffected by choice of method.(xi) Pretax return on assets is higher for operating leases as pretax income is higher and no assetsare reported as the result of the lease; acapital lease reduces income and reports leaseassets. Post-tax return on assets is higher forthe same reasons.(xii)Pretax return on equity: both pretax income and equity are higher for operating than for capitalleases. The higher pretax income should increasethe ratio in all but exceptional cases. Post-taxreturn on equity should be higher for same reason.However as increase in post-tax income equals(for first year) increase in equity, there may bemore exceptional cases.b. Net income (viii) will be lower for the operatinglease after the "crossover" point. As total net income over the life of the lease is unaffected by the accounting choice, higher net income (operating lease) in the early years must be offset by lower net income in later years.c. Consistent use of the operating lease method in placeof capitalization will not change the direction of the effects shown in part A, but will increase their magnitude. In aggregate, new leases will keep Tolrem from reaching the crossover point for net income, keeping net income and return ratios higher than if the leases were capitalized.11-46.{L}a. and b.4 payment annuity of $10,000 per year at 8%). Assuming zero residualvalue, depreciation = $43,121/5 = $8,624.2Interest expense = 8% x ($43,121 - $10,000) = $2,650Caramino's EBIT is $1,376 higher; Aglianico reportsrental expense but no depreciation expense since itdoes not record an asset. Because total lease expense(depreciation plus interest) is higher than the leaserental, Caramino's EBT is lower by $1,274. After adeferred income tax offset of $510, Caramino's netincome is $764 lower.Caramino's deferred tax debit (asset) results from thedifference between financial reporting (capital lease)and tax reporting (operating lease). The $1,274 timingdifference results in a deferred tax debit of $1,274x .40 = $510c. andd. Comparison of Cash Flow Statementshave been collected by the end of the year.11-5Caramino reports higher cash from operations by $10,000. Since the tax rate is 40%, Aglianico (operating lease firm) reports aftertax operating cash outflow of $6,000. Caramino (capital lease firm) pays no interest but, since it uses the operating lease method for taxes, receives a tax deduction of $4,000 for the annual payment of $10,000. Caramino's aftertax operating cash inflow is $4,000.The difference ($6,000 + $4,000 = $10,000) is recorded by Caramino as a financing cash outflow; this is the amount of the lease payment considered a reduction of the capitalized lease liability for 2002. [Note that the lease payment made on January 1, 2002 has no interest component; there is no accrued interest as the lease has just begun. Interest accrued during the year will be paid January 1, 2003.]e. There is no impact on investing cash flow for eitherfirm. Caramino would report the present value of the capital lease as a noncash investment activity.f. The net cash outflow for each firm is the leasepayment of $10,000 less the tax deduction of $4,000 (40% tax rate). Only the classification of cash flow components is affected by the lease method used.g. By using the capital lease method, Caramino reportshigher debt and lower income. However the firm also reports higher cash from operations. The choice of method may reflect different debt covenants or simplya preference among financial characteristics.11-67.(M) a. Since it is the first year:Capital lease obligations $2,596,031Repayment of capital lease obligations 3,969Capital lease at inception $2,600,000b. Amortization expense =$2,600,000 - $2,479,570 = $120,430Assuming the asset is being amortized on a straightline basis over the lease term, the lease term =$2,600,000/$120,430 = 21.6 or 22 yearsTotal expense = interest + amortization =$120,430 + $223,733 = $344,163c. CFO was reduced by the interest expense of $223,733and CFF was reduced by the “repayment of capital leaseobligations” of $ 3,969d. Free cash flows should be reduced by $2,600,000 – the“cost” of the leased asset.e. (i) Lease expense would be lease payment =$223,733 + $3,969 = $227,702(ii) CFO would be reduced by lease payment of $227,702f. Using 1999 payment only: $223,733/$2,600,000 = 8.6%Using all the payments, we have exact MLP’s for thesix years 1999 –2004. The “thereafter” MLP’s totaling$4,596 thousand are spread over 16 years; i.e. $287.25thousand/year. Equating this stream to the presentvalue of $2,600,000 yields a rate (IRR) of 9.3%.The two methods yield rates within “range” of eachother especially when we consider that the ratederived from the first method is typically downwardbiased.11-78.{M}a. The adjustment involves the addition of the interestcomponent of minimum lease payments to stated interestexpense. The adjustment reflects a partial, de factocapitalization of operating leases.(i)Unadjusted Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges:Pretax earnings $ 2,363,646Interest on indebtedness 68,528Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) $ 2,432,174Fixed Charges:Interest on indebtedness $ 68,528Unadjusted Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges 35.5X(ii) The unadjusted ratio is almost four times the adjusted ratio. Note: the SEC rule that governsthis calculation assumes that the interestcomponent is one-third of the MLP. The trueinterest component may be higher or lower,changing the coverage ratio.b. Reported debt-to-equity = $550,000/$2,233,303 = 0.25c. Calculation of amounts adjusted for leasecapitalization:The Limited, Inc.1999 Working Capital Position and Capitalization Table1 Working capital is reduced by the principal component of the 2000MLPs calculated as$436,670 = [($643,828 - (.06 x $3,452,628)],where $3,452,628 is the present value calculated in note 2 below.2 Present value of MLPs using an interest rate of 6%. The “thereafter”MLPs are spread using the constant rate assumption; ($502,880 in 2005and 2006 and $422,102 in 2007).11-89.{S} Note: all amounts in $millionsa. Debt to equity = ($2,416 + $235)/$4,448 = 0.60b. (i) Interest portion of 2001 payment = $63-$39 = $24Therefore interest rate = $24/$235 = 10.2%(ii)Using the constant rate assumption yields theThe IRR that equates the above to $235 is 7.9%c. Under the constant rate assumption, the payment streamto be discounted at 10.2% isThe present value is $7,435d. Adjusted debt-to-equity is($2,416 + $235 + $7,435)/$4,448 = 2.27The adjustment increases the ratio almost four-fold.The real effect is greater as equity would be lower ifDelta had capitalized its operating leases at theirinception.e. After adjustment, both AMR’s and Delta’s ratios are atsimilar levels of 2.3x.Had the lower rate been used, the present value ofDelta’s operating lease would be significantly higheras would its debt-to-equity ratio.f. The adjustments are appropriate for two reasons(1)To obtain the appropriate levels of the ratio foreach firm. For both companies, the reported ratiosunderstate their financial leverage.(2)For comparison purposes. Before adjustment,Delta’s ratio at 0.6x is 50% lower than AMR’s 0.9x.After adjustment, that superiority is removed asboth firms have similar ratios.11-910.{M}a. The following MLP stream is assumed (€ million):At a rate of 7%, the present value is €505.3 millio nb. (i) €1,294/€14,145 = 0.09(ii)(€1,294 + €505)/€14,145 = 0.13c.Another assumption would be to find a decline ratefrom the initial payment of €166.5 such that the sumof the years 2 to 5 payments using that decline rateequals €275.2; i.e. solve for d i n the followingequation(d + d2 + d3 + d4 ) x €166.5 = €275.2The above can be solved by trial and error and thesolution is d = 67.66% with a MLP stream of €112.6,€76.2, €51.5 and €34.9.Using this MLP stream would increase the present valueof the operating lease obligation.11.{S}a. We use the constant rate assumption, yielding thefollowing payment stream (€ millions)At a discount rate of 7%, the present value is €12,543.b. (i) Reported debt-to-equity = €1,294/€14,145 = 0.09Adjusted for part a:(€1,294 + €12,543)/€14,145 = 0.98(ii) Adjusting for operating leases as well(€1,294 + €12,543 + €505)/€14,145 = 1.0111-1012.{S}a. The cash outflow of $25.6 million represents thedecrease in the balance of sold but uncollectedreceivables ($192.8 - $167.2). It represents netcollections (by Arkla as the firm continues to servicethe receivables) of receivables sold; amountscollected from previously sold receivables were paidto the purchasers of those receivables.b. Receivables sold but uncollected as of 12/31/93 can bededuced to be:Outstanding 3/31/94 $118.7 millionDecrease during quarter 107.7Outstanding 12/31/93 $226.4 millionc. The required adjustments to Arkla's CFO for quartersended:March 31, 1994 March 31, 1995 Cash outflow $107.7 $25.6These amounts are the decrease in receivables soldduring the respective quarters. The adjustment isrequired because the cash flow was recognized when thereceivables were sold rather than when customers paid.This adjustment produces a measure of CFO based onwhen the receivables were collected.13.{S} All amounts in $millionsa. (i) Current ratio was increased by 15% from 1.61 to1.86 as a result of receivable sale.Reported = $686/$369 = 1.86Adjusted = ($686 + $153.1)/($369 + $153.1) = 1.61 (ii) & (iii)Average receivables as reported =.5($546 + $312) = $429Adjusting for sale of receivables would increaseaverage receivables by.5($153.1 + $115) = $134 to $563Reported turnover = $2,951/$429 = 6.88# of days = 365/6.88 = 53 daysAdjusted turnover = $2,951/$563 = 5.24# of days = 365/5.24 = 70 daysAs a result of the receivable sale the cash cyclelooked better than it really was by (70 –53) =17 days and the receivables turnover “improved”from 5.24 to 6.8811-11b. Reported debt/equity = $1,096/$950 = 1.15Debt should be adjusted upwards by the receivablessold to ($1,096 + $153.1 =) $1,249.1 with a resultantdebt to equity ratio of $1,249.1/$950 = 1.31.c. Reported cash flow from operations increased by $154million from ($96) million to $58 million. Theseamounts were inflated by the increase in receivablessold and should be adjusted by that increase:Adjusted CFO 1998 = ($96) – ($115 – $103.3) = ($107.7)Adjusted CFO 1999 = $58 - ($153.1 – $115) = $19.9After removing the effects of the receivable sales,CFO increased by $127.6 million from ($107.7) millionto $19.9 million. The actual level and trend in CFO isconsiderably lower than the amounts reported.14.{M}a.11-12The sale of receivables allowed the company to show an improved receivable turnover and cash cycle; the improvement was more significant for 1999 as the amount of receivables sold increased and sales declined.b. The effect on the current ratio is minimal as the sameamount is added to both numerator and denominator of the ratio and that ratio is close to 1. The debt-to-equity ratio adjustment is more significant in 1999 due to the increase in receivables sold and the lower equity amount.c. As the calculation below indicates, both the level andtrend in CFO are overstated as a result of the sale of receivables.11-1315.{S}a. The cash from investment amounts are equivalent to thechange in the “Receivables sold by Funding topurchaser”. (Reca ll that 1997 was the first year ofreceivable sales.)b.receivable balances 17% to 21% less than their actuallevels.c. The sale of receivables should be reported as cashfrom financing as they are, in effect, borrowings(using receivables as collateral).16.{S} Aluminum producers that have take-or-pay contracts forenergy and/or bauxite have converted significantvariable costs into fixed costs. Therefore, theirmarginal costs are much lower than if these contractshad not been entered into. Under these conditions,aluminum producers will continue production as long asrevenue exceeds marginal costs, even though they losemoney based on total costs.17.{M}a. By transferring receivables to a (unconsolidated)subsidiary, Lucent removed the receivables from itsreceivable balance and reported them as “Investments,”a somewhat different asset category. Analyticaladjustment is required to eliminate the artificialreported “improvements” in receivables turnover, thecurrent ratio and the cash cycle.b. The adjustment requires adding $700 million (inaddition to the balance of uncollected receivables) tothe 1999 accounts receivable and current assets. Theeffect is to increase the growth in receivables,reduce the receivable turnover and increase the numberof days receivables outstanding. This adjustmentreinforces the conclusion (see text page 381) thatLucent’s receivables growth outpaced the growth insales. On the other hand, the adjustment improves the1999 current ratio.11-14Note: The bold values indicate which amounts were altered from Exhibit 11-4. The Exhibit 11-4 amounts for those items affected by the adjustment are shown in parentheses.11-1518.{M}a. Debt should be increased by:$ 20 million (present value of operating lease)5 (guarantee)7 (present value of take-or-pay agreement)$ 32 millionThere is no effect on equity as each obligation isoffset by a corresponding asset:Leased assets for operating leaseReceivable for Crockett's obligation to repay debtSupply agreementThe recomputed debt-to-equity ratio is:($12 + $32)/$20 = 2.2X as compared to .6X beforeadjustmentb. Additional interest expense is:Lease (effective interest rate is about 18%).18 x $20 = $3.6 millionBond guarantee .10 x 5 = 0.5Total $ 4.1 millionBefore adjustment, the interest expense is $1.0 millionand the times interest earned ratio is 5.0, implyingEBIT of $5.0 million.After adjustment, the ratio is:($5.0 + $4.1)/($1.0 + $4.1) = 1.78XNo adjustment has been made for the take-or-paycontract, as it does not affect 1993 interest expense.Adjustments in future years will be based on theimplicit interest rate of 21%.c. Reasons for entering into off-balance-sheet obligations:1. Avoidance of or mitigation of the risk of violatingdebt covenant restrictions.2. Leased assets revert to lessor after eight years,limiting risk of obsolescence.3. Guarantee of Crockett's debt may lower interestcosts, increasing profitability of investment.4. Contract with PEPE secures source of supply andpossibly advantageous pricing.11-16d. Additional information needed for full evaluation:1. (Lease) Useful life of leased assets; conditionsunder which lease can be canceled; nature ofleased assets.2. (Guarantee) Financial condition of Crockett; bondcovenants.3. (Take-or-pay) Alternate sources of supply;quantity to be purchased relative to total needs;price provisions of contract.19.{L}a. As the table below indicates, the declining paymentassumption using a 92% declining rate (the averagerate over the first five years (2000 - 2004)) is agood approximation for JC Penney. The present value is$3,320; a deviation of one-half of one percent fromthe stated present value of $3,302. If the constantpayment assumption is made, the error is about fourpercent.11-17b. Using only the first year payment: Payment = $66 andcurrent portion = $16; therefore interest portion = $50 and interest rate = $50/$417 =12%.Using all payments:Constant payment assumption implies MLP’s of $54 from 2004 through 2017 and $12 in 2018. Equating this payment stream to $417 yields an IRR of 11.8%For the declining payment assumption, we would use a declining rate of 95%, the average of (2000 - 2004).Using this rate yields an IRR of 10.44%The rate seems to be between 10.4%-12%. Given that two of the methods yield estimates closer to the high end of the range, using a rate of approximately 11.5% would be an appropriate estimate.c. The rate used by Sears is somewhat higher than that ofJ.C. Penney. That may be a function of (1)higher credit rating for Penney, (2)differing risk characteristics of the leased properties, or (3) Sears leases were entered into in periods of higher interest rates.d. Given the rapid decline over the first four years, wechoose to use the declining payment assumption. Usinga decline rate of .86 (the average over the first fiveyears) and a discount rate of 11.5% (from part b), the present value of the operating leases is $1,375 million.11-1820.{M} Adjusting for the operating lease results in adeterioration of the ratios in each case.* Year 2000 MLP = $352. Interest portion is equal to 11.5% x $1,325 = $158; Therefore, current portion of debt = $352 -$158 = $194** Present Value of operating leases as calculated in Problem 19 part d.† Assumes interest this year (1999) is approximately equal to next year’s (2000) interest levels.Note: No adjustment is made for pretax income, which maybe higher or lower depending on the age” of the lease.The earlier (later) in the lease term, expense is higher(lower) for the capital lease. On average the expense isidentical.As we do not know the relative age of theleases we assume no change.11-1921.{S} Sears’ MDA reports securitized (credit card) balancessold of $6,579 and $6,626 million in 1999 and 1998respectively. Adjusting for these balances (in 1999)requires adding $6,579 to accounts receivable andcurrent liabilities (assuming the debt is short-term)and increasing CFO by ($6,626 – $6,579) $47 million. Asthe table below indicates, the impact on these threeratios is considerable.22.{S} The adjusted ratios are poorer than those based on Sears’reported data. The adjustment for securitization ofreceivables accounts for far more of the impact than theoperating leases.Note: See problems 11-19, 11-20, and 11-21 for explanation of these adjustments11-2023.{M}a. Using th e constant rate assumption (MLP’s of $59million from 2004 - 2017 and $8 million in 2018), theimplicit interest rate is 4.19%.Note that Texaco has not guaranteed all of this lease.The total present value of the guaranteed portion ofthe lease is approximately ($336/44%) $764 million.b. The rate is somewhat lower than the 5% - 5.5% ratecalculated for Texaco in the chapter (page 385).c. Equilon may have less debt (in relation to theirassets) than Texaco, or the nature of its business (orof the leased assets) may be operationally less risky.The leases may have been entered into when interestrates were especially low.Assets are higher because inventory is replaced with (higher) receivables because of the recognition of manufacturing profit. Assets remain higher throughout the lease term.Revenues are higher in Year 1 as the sales-type lease recognizes a sale whereas the operating lease method does not. In later years, interest revenue from the sales-type lease should be lower than lease revenue for the operating lease. This effect is more pronounced over time; in year 9, interest income is low given the small remaining receivable.The revenue effect increases the asset turnover ratio in the first year. But the revenue effect reduces turnover in the ninth year.11-21Expenses are higher in year 1 due to the recognition of cost of goods sold. In later years, there is no expense for the sales-type lease; the operating lease method reports depreciation expense in every year, however.Initial period income and income-related ratios are higher for the sales-type lease because the sale (and income) is recognized at the inception of the lease. In later years, however, income is higher for the operating lease.Income taxes paid are the same since the lease cannot be considered a completed sale for tax purposes.Cash from operations is higher for the first year due to recognition of the sale (the investment in the lease is classified as an investing cash outflow). In later years the operating lease method shows higher cash from operations as rental income exceeds the interest income recorded for the sales-type lease (income taxes paid are the same).[See Exhibit 11-8 and the accompanying text for further explanation of these effects.]25.{L}a. The present value of the minimum lease paymentsreceivable of $170,271 (at 10%, the lower of lesseeand lessor rates) is more than 90% of the fair marketvalue of $185,250. Therefore, the lessee, Baldes,should capitalize the lease. It would be useful toknow whether the lessee has guaranteed the residualvalue of the leased asset.b. Leased assets $ 170,271Long-term lease obligation 167,298Current portion of lease obligation 2,973Total lease obligation $ 170,271Note that there are no income or cash flow statementeffects at the inception of the lease.11-2211-23c. (i) Balance sheet effects of capital lease:No impact on balance sheet if operating lease method applied. [Deferred tax assets reflecting the difference between total expense under the two methods would also be reported.](ii) Income statement effects of capital lease:1Interest expense for: 2001 = .10 x $170,271 2002 = .10 x $167,298 2Deprecation expense = $170,271/20 for each yearThe income statement would show lease expense of $20,000 each year under the operating lease method.(iii) Statement of cash flow effects of capital lease:The operating lease method reports $20,000 cash outflow from operations for each year.。

财务报表自考试题及答案

财务报表自考试题及答案

财务报表自考试题及答案一、单项选择题(每题1分,共10分)1. 资产负债表中,资产的排列顺序通常是:A. 按照流动性排列B. 按照购买时间排列C. 按照重要性排列D. 按照金额大小排列答案:A2. 下列哪项不属于流动资产?A. 现金B. 应收账款C. 存货D. 固定资产答案:D3. 利润表中的营业收入不包括以下哪项?A. 销售商品收入B. 提供劳务收入C. 营业外收入D. 利息收入答案:C4. 所有者权益变动表反映的是:A. 企业财务状况的变化B. 企业经营成果的变动C. 企业所有者权益的增减变动情况D. 企业现金流量的变化答案:C5. 财务报表分析中,流动比率的计算公式是:A. 流动资产 / 流动负债B. 流动负债 / 流动资产C. 总资产 / 总负债D. 长期负债 / 长期资产答案:A6. 以下哪项不是现金流量表中的内容?A. 经营活动产生的现金流量B. 投资活动产生的现金流量C. 筹资活动产生的现金流量D. 非经常性收益答案:D7. 在财务报表中,负债按照其偿还期限的长短可以分为:A. 流动负债和长期负债B. 有息负债和无息负债C. 银行负债和非银行负债D. 内部负债和外部负债答案:A8. 下列哪项不是财务报表分析的主要目的?A. 评价企业的盈利能力B. 评估企业的偿债能力C. 预测企业的未来发展D. 确定企业的市场价值答案:D9. 资产负债表中的负债项目不包括:A. 应付账款B. 预收账款C. 长期借款D. 所有者权益答案:D10. 利润表中,营业利润的计算不包括以下哪项?A. 营业收入B. 营业成本C. 营业税金及附加D. 投资收益答案:D二、多项选择题(每题2分,共10分)11. 下列哪些属于企业的非流动资产?A. 现金B. 长期股权投资C. 无形资产D. 存货E. 固定资产答案:BCE12. 利润表中,以下哪些项目可以用来计算企业的营业利润?A. 营业收入B. 营业成本C. 营业税金及附加D. 财务费用E. 营业外支出答案:ABCD13. 以下哪些因素会影响企业的流动比率?A. 存货的周转速度B. 应收账款的回收速度C. 应付账款的支付速度D. 固定资产的增减E. 长期借款的增减答案:ABC14. 在进行财务报表分析时,可以通过哪些指标来评估企业的偿债能力?A. 流动比率B. 速动比率C. 资产负债率D. 存货周转率E. 营业收入增长率答案:ABC15. 下列哪些属于现金流量表中的内容?A. 经营活动产生的现金流量B. 投资活动产生的现金流量C. 筹资活动产生的现金流量D. 非经常性收益E. 汇率变动对现金的影响答案:ABCE三、判断题(每题1分,共5分)16. 资产负债表是反映企业在一定时期内财务状况的报表。

财务报表分析测试题及答案

财务报表分析测试题及答案

财务报表分析测试题一、单项选择1.企业收益的主要来源应当是(A )。

A.经营活动B.投资活动C.筹资活动D.投资收益2.下列项目中,属于短期债权项目的是( C )。

A.融资租赁B.银行长期贷款C.商业信用D.长期债券3.下列项目中属于长期债权的是(B )。

A.短期贷款B.融资租赁C.商业信用D.短期债券4.应归属于资产负债表附表的是(D )。

A.利润分配表B.分部报表C.财务报表附注D.应交增值税明细表5.利润表能够反映企业的(B )。

A.财务状况B.经营成果C.财务状况变动D.现金流动6.在我国会计规范体系中,属于最高层次是(C )。

A.企业会计制度B.企业会计准则C.会计法D.会计基础工作规范7.注册会计师应当对财务报表的(A)负责。

A.公允性B.真实性C.正确性D.完整性8.应当做为无形资产计量标准的是(D)。

A.实际成本 B .摊余价值C .账面价值 D .账面价值与可收回金额孰低9.当累计提取的法定赢余公积达到注册资本的(D ) 时,可以再也不计提。

A .5%B .10%C .25%D .50%10.下列各项中,不是影响固定资产净值升降的直接因素的是(A )。

A .固定资产净残值B .固定资产折旧方法C .折旧年限的变动D .固定资产减值准备的计提11 .股分有限公司经登记注册,形成的核定股本或者法定股本,又可以称为( D)。

A.实收资本B .股本C.资本公积D.注册资本12.在进行短期偿债能力分析时,可用于偿还流动负债的流动资产具体是指 (C )。

A .存出投资款B .回收期在一年以上的应收款项C.现金D .存出银行汇票存款13 .酸性测试比率,又可以被称为(D )。

A.流动比率B.现金比率C .保守速动比率D .速动比率14.现金类资产具体是指货币资金和 (B )。

A .存货B.短期投资净额C.应收票据D.一年内到期的长期债权投资15.当企业发生下列经济事项时,可以增加流动资产的实际变现能力的是(D )。

财务报表分析考试题及答案

财务报表分析考试题及答案

财务报表分析考试题及答案财务报表的分析是企业财务管理中非常重要的一环,它能够为管理者提供了解企业财务状况和经营情况的有效工具。

为了帮助大家更好地掌握财务报表分析的知识,以下是一些财务报表分析的考试题及答案。

一、选择题1. 财务报表分析的目的是什么?A. 了解企业经营状况B. 评估企业盈利能力C. 评估企业偿债能力D. 以上皆是答案:D. 以上皆是2. 资产负债表是用来反映企业某一时点的:A. 资产与负债B. 资产与权益C. 负债与权益D. 收入与支出答案:B. 资产与权益3. 下列哪个比率反映了企业偿债能力?A. 资产负债率B. 流动比率C. 存货周转率D. 销售净利率答案:A. 资产负债率4. 以下哪个比率反映了企业盈利能力?A. 资产负债率B. 流动比率C. 存货周转率D. 销售净利率答案:D. 销售净利率5. 现金流量表主要反映的是企业的:A. 经营活动现金流量B. 投资活动现金流量C. 筹资活动现金流量D. 以上皆是答案:D. 以上皆是二、简答题1. 请解释资产负债表中的净资产是什么。

答案:资产负债表中的净资产,也称为所有者权益,指企业净资产的总额。

它是企业剩余资产减去企业全部负债后的差额。

净资产是企业所有者的权益,它表示了企业所有者在企业剩余资产中所拥有的权益。

2. 解释一下利润表中的营业利润是如何计算的。

答案:营业利润是利润表中的一个重要指标,它是通过从营业收入中减去营业成本、税金及其他费用,得出的净利润。

营业利润反映了企业在正常经营过程中所创造的利润,它是用来评估企业盈利能力的重要指标。

3. 什么是现金流量表中的自由现金流量?答案:自由现金流量是指公司在经营活动中所产生的现金流入与流出的净额。

它反映了企业经营活动中所创造的自由现金流量,可以用来评估企业的经营能力和现金状况。

自由现金流量计算公式为:经营活动现金流量净额-现金资本支出。

三、计算题1. 已知某企业的利润表和资产负债表如下,请计算该企业的资产负债率和销售净利率。

会计学11章习题及答案

会计学11章习题及答案

第十一章财务报表一、单项选择题1.会计报表中项目的数字直接来源于()。

A.原始凭证B.记账凭证C.日记账D.账簿记录2.财务报表是指企事业单位对外提供的反映企事业单位某一特定日期财务状况以及某一会计期间经营成果、现金流量等会计信息的文件,主要是由()组成的。

A.资产负债表和利润表B.资产负债表、利润表和现金流量表C.会计报表和财务情况说明书D.会计报表和附注3.将报表分为静态报表和动态表示按报表的()划分的。

A.服务对象B.编报主体C.编报时间D.经济内容4.资产负债表中的报表项目()。

A.都是根据账户余额直接填列B.都是对账户发生额进行分析计算后填列C.大多数项目可以直接根据账户余额填列,少数报表项目需要根据有关账户发生额分析计算后才能填列D.大多数项目可以直接根据账户余额填列,少数报表项目需要根据有关账户余额分析计算后才能填列5.资产负债表中,“应收账款”项目应根据()填列。

A.“应收账款”总分类账户期末余额B.“应收账款”总分类账户所属明细账的期末余额C.“应收账款”和“应付账款”中所属各明细分类账户的期末借方余额合计D.“应收账款”和“预收账款”总分类账所属各明细分类账户的期末借方余额合计6.多步式利润表是通过多步计算来确定当期损益的,通常把利润的计算分解为()。

A.营业利润、利润总额、净利润和每股收益B.营业收入、营业利润、应税利润和净利润C.营业收入、营业利润、利润总额和净利润D.营业利润、利润总额和净利润二、多项选择题1.会计报表主要包括()。

A.资产负债表B. 利润表C.现金流量表D.所有者权益变动表E.报表附注2. 财务报告的使用者有()。

A.投资者B.债权人C.捐赠者D.上级主管部门和财税部门E.其内部管理人员和广大职工群众3.下列报表中,属于内部报表的是()。

A.单位报表B.商品产品成本表C.制造费用明细表D.期间费用明细表E.产品成本明细表4. 资产负债表中的“存货”项目应根据()等账户的期末借方余额之和填列。

财务报表分析试题及答案

财务报表分析试题及答案

财务报表分析试题及答案财务报表分析练习题⼀、单项选择题(在每⼩题列出的四个选项中,只有⼀个选项是符合题⽬要求的,请将正确选项前的字母填在题后的括号内。

)1、下列可⽤于短期偿债能⼒的⽐率分析的是( C )。

A.资产负债⽐率B.所有者权益⽐率C.流动⽐率D.权益乘数2、应收账款周转率中的应收账款应为( C )。

A.未扣除坏账准备的B.“应收账款”账户的期末余额C.扣除坏账准备后的全部赊销账款净额D.仅在本年度发⽣的应收账款3、评价净收益质量的⽐率是( C )。

A.⽀付现⾦股利⽐率B.现⾦充分性⽐率C.净利润现⾦保证⽐率D.现⾦⽐率4.“以各种⽅式把⼀个或多个信息关联在⼀起的信息结构,是客观世界规律的总结”,上⾯这句话是以下哪个名词的解释:( D )A.信息B.数据C.资料D.知识5、某企业采⽤备抵法核算坏账,按照规定程序核销坏账10000元,假设该企业原来的流动⽐率为2.5,速动⽐率为1.5,核销坏账后(C)A流动⽐率和速动⽐率都增加B流动⽐率和速动⽐率都降低C流动⽐率和速动⽐率都不变D流动⽐率降低、速动⽐率增加6、某公司流动资产⽐率为30%,固定资产⽐率为50%,则流动资产与固定资产的⽐率为:( D )。

A.167%B.120%C.80%D.60%7、某公司本年末资产总额为1000万元,如果知道公司的产权⽐率为1.5,有形净值债务⽐率为2,则公司的⽆形资产和递延资产之和为:( D )。

A.250万元B.200万元C.150万元D.100万元8、如果企业速动⽐率很⼩,下列结论成⽴的是( C )。

A.企业流动资产占⽤过多B.企业短期偿债能⼒很强C.企业短期偿债风险很⼤D.企业资产流动性很强9、在财务分析中,最关⼼企业资本保值增值状况和盈利能⼒的利益主体是( A )A.企业所有者B.企业经营决策者C.企业债权⼈D.政府经济管理机构10、在资⾦需求量⼀定的情况下,提⾼( B)意味着企业对短期借⼊资⾦依赖性的降低,从⽽减轻企业的当期偿债压⼒。

财务报表分析练习题及答案精选全文

财务报表分析练习题及答案精选全文

可编辑修改精选全文完整版财务报表分析练习题及答案财务报表分析的目的在于,判断企业的财务状况和诊察企业经营管理的得失。

通过分析,可以判断企业财务状况是否良好,企业的经营管理是否健全,企业业务前景是否光明,同时,还可以通过分析,找出企业经营管理的症结,提出解决问题的办法。

以下是小编为大家整理的.财务报表分析练习题及答案,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。

1、【单选题】某公司20×6年年初产权比率为70%。

若该公司年度末所有者权益为40000万元,并使债权人投入的资金受到所有者权益保障的程度降低5个百分点,则该公司20×6年年末的资产负债率为( )。

A、45.95%B、48.72%C、50%D、42.86%【答案】D【解析】债权人投入的资金受到所有者权益保障的程度是由产权比率衡量的。

产权比率越高,债权人投入的资金受到所有者权益保障的程度越低,所以根据使债权人投入的资金受到所有者权益保障的程度降低5个百分点可知产权比率提高5个百分点,即产权比率变为70%+5%=75%,则年末的负债总额为40000×75%=30000(万元),年末资产总额=负债总额+所有者权益=30000+40000=70000(万元),资产负债率=负债总额/资产总额=30000/70000×100%=42.86%。

2、【单选题】某公司资产净利率为10%,若产权比率为1.5,则权益净利率为( )。

A、15%B、6.67%C、10%D、25%【答案】D【解析】权益乘数=1+产权比率=1+1.5=2.5权益净利率=权益乘数×资产利润率=2.5×10%=25%3、【单选题】某企业去年的销售净利率为5.73%,资产周转率为2.17;今年的销售净利率为4.88%,资产周转率为2.88。

若两年的资产负债率相同,今年的权益净利率比去年的变化趋势为( )。

A、下降B、不变C、上升D、难以确定【答案】C【解析】权益净利率=销售净利率×资产周转率×权益乘数去年的权益净利率= 5.73%×2.17×A=12.43%×A今年的权益净利率= 4.88%×2.88×A=14.05%×A因此,权益净利率今年比去年呈上升趋势。

财务报表分析试题及答案

财务报表分析试题及答案

财务报表分析试题及答案一、单项选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. 财务报表分析的主要目的不包括以下哪项?A. 评价企业财务状况B. 评估企业经营业绩C. 预测企业未来发展趋势D. 制定企业发展战略答案:D2. 资产负债表中,下列哪项不属于流动资产?A. 现金及现金等价物B. 应收账款C. 存货D. 长期投资答案:D3. 利润表中,下列哪项不是营业成本的组成部分?A. 销售成本B. 管理费用C. 财务费用D. 销售费用答案:B4. 现金流量表中,下列哪项活动不会导致现金流量的变化?A. 购买固定资产B. 支付股息C. 偿还债务D. 存货增加答案:D5. 财务比率分析中,下列哪项比率用于衡量企业的偿债能力?A. 流动比率B. 资产周转率C. 毛利率D. 净资产收益率答案:A6. 财务报表分析中,下列哪项指标用于衡量企业的盈利能力?A. 资产负债率B. 权益乘数C. 净利率D. 存货周转率答案:C7. 财务报表分析中,下列哪项指标用于衡量企业的营运能力?A. 存货周转率B. 资产负债率C. 流动比率D. 速动比率答案:A8. 财务报表分析中,下列哪项指标用于衡量企业的财务杠杆效应?A. 权益乘数B. 流动比率C. 速动比率D. 资产周转率答案:A9. 财务报表分析中,下列哪项指标用于衡量企业的市场价值?A. 市盈率B. 市净率C. 存货周转率D. 资产负债率答案:A10. 财务报表分析中,下列哪项指标用于衡量企业的经营效率?A. 存货周转率B. 流动比率C. 资产负债率D. 速动比率答案:A二、多项选择题(每题3分,共15分)1. 财务报表分析中,下列哪些因素会影响企业的财务状况?A. 企业盈利能力B. 企业资产结构C. 企业负债水平D. 企业现金流量答案:ABCD2. 财务报表分析中,下列哪些指标用于衡量企业的流动性?A. 流动比率B. 速动比率C. 资产负债率D. 存货周转率答案:AB3. 财务报表分析中,下列哪些指标用于衡量企业的盈利能力?A. 净利率B. 毛利率C. 资产周转率D. 权益乘数答案:AB4. 财务报表分析中,下列哪些指标用于衡量企业的财务稳定性?A. 资产负债率B. 流动比率C. 速动比率D. 权益乘数答案:ABC5. 财务报表分析中,下列哪些因素会影响企业的现金流量?A. 经营活动产生的现金流量B. 投资活动产生的现金流量C. 筹资活动产生的现金流量D. 非经常性损益答案:ABC三、判断题(每题2分,共20分)1. 资产负债率越高,企业的财务风险越大。

财务报表习题及答案(可编辑修改word版)

财务报表习题及答案(可编辑修改word版)

一、单项选择题1.资产负债表中资产的排列是依据()。

ca.项目收益性b.项目重要性c.项目流动性d.项目时间性 2.根据《企业会计制度》的规定,中期财务会计报告不包括()。

da.月报b.季报c.半年报d.年报3.以下项目中,属于资产负债表中流动负债项目的是()。

ca.长期借款b.长期应付款c.应付股利d.应付债券4.“预付账款”科目明细账中若有贷方余额,应将其计入资产负债表中的()项目。

ca.应收账款b.预收款项c.应付账款d.其他应付款5.资产负债表中货币资金项目中包含的项目是()。

aa.银行本票存款b.银行承兑汇票c.商业承兑汇票d.交易性金融资产6.某企业 2007 年 12 月 31 目无形资产账户余额为 500 万元,累计摊销账户余额为 200 万元,无形资产减值准备账户余额为 100 万元。

该企业 2007 年 12 月 31 日资产负债表中无形资产资产项目的金额为()万元。

da.500 b.300 c.400 d.2007.下列项目在资产负债表中只需要根据某一个总分类账户就能填列的项目是()。

ba.应收账款b.短期借款c.预付款项d.预收款项8.资产负债表中的“未分配利润”项目,应根据()填列。

ca.“利润分配”科目余额b.“本年利润”科目余额c.“本年利润”和“利润分配”科目的余额计算后d.“盈余公积”科目余额9.某企业 2007 年 12 月 31 日固定资产账户余额为 2 000 万元,累计折旧账户余额为 800 万元。

固定资产减值准备账户余额为 100 万元,在建工程账户余额为 200 万元。

该企业 2007 年 12 月 31 日资产负债表中固定资产项目的金额为()万元。

ca.1 200 b.90 c.1 100 d.2 20010.下列资产负债表项目中,应根据多个总账科目余额计算填列的是()c a.应付账款b.盈余公积c.未分配利润d.长期借款11.某企业2007 年发生的营业收入为1 000 万元,营业成本为600 万元,销售费用为20 万元,管理费用为50 万元,财务费用为10 万元,投资收益为40 万元,资产减值损失为70 万元(损失),公允价值变动损益为80 万元(收益),营业外收入为25 万元,营业外支出为15 万元。

高级会计学第十一章课后参考答案-

高级会计学第十一章课后参考答案-

高级会计学第十一章课后参考答案(仅供参考1.(1甲公司20×7年度合并财务报表工作底稿的相关调整与抵销分录。

1借:营业收入 2000000贷:营业成本 1500000存货 500000借:递延所得税资产 125000贷:所得税费用 125000500000×25%=125000(元2借:营业外收入 200000贷:固定资产 200000借:固定资产 50000贷:管理费用 50000借:递延所得税资产 37500贷:所得税费用 37500150000×25%=37500(元3借:投资收益 50000贷:财务费用 50000借:应付债券 1050000贷:持有至到期投资 10500004借:存货跌价准备 200000贷:资产减值损失 2000005借:股本——普通股 4000000资本公积 2000000盈余公积 800000年初未分配利润 200000商誉400000贷:长期股权投资——S公司 6000000少数股东权益 1400000商誉=6000000-7000000×80%=400000(元少数股东权益=7000000×20%=1400000(元6借:少数股东净利润 128750贷:少数股东权益 128750少数股东净利润=(1000000-500000+125000+25000-6250×20% = 643750×20%=128750(元多计固定资产折旧费用=25000(元多计折旧费用对应的所得税费用=25000×25%=6250(元7借:盈余公积 100000贷:提取盈余公积 1000001000000×10%=100 000(元(2甲公司20×8年合并财务报表工作底稿对此项业务的调整与抵销分录。

借:年初为分配利润 300000贷:资产减值损失 200000存货 100000说明:年初为分配利润300000=07年甲公司确认的未实现内部销售利润(1000000-500000-乙公司确认的存货跌价损失(1000000-800000;资产减值损失200000为08年乙公司补提的跌价损失;存货100000为乙公司存货账面金额600000-原价公司账面金额500000,即该存货从企业集团的角度看未发生减值。

财务报表分析习题及参考答案

财务报表分析习题及参考答案

财务报表分析习题及参考答案1单项选择题1.财务分析的首要内容应当是;A、会计报表解读B、盈利及偿债能力分析C、营运及发展能力分析D、财务综合分析答案:A2.收入是指;A、与所有者投入资本有关的经济利益流入B、企业在日常经营活动中形成的流入C、与向所有者分配利润无关的经济利益流入D、会导致所有者权益减少的流出答案:B3.企业利润的来源中,未来可持续性最强的是;A、主营业务利润B、投资收益C、营业外收支D、资产价值变动损益答案:A4.在资金需求量一定的情况下,提高意味着企业对短期借入资金依赖性的降低,从而减轻企业的当期偿债压力A、资产负债比率B、长期负债比率C、营运资金与长期负债比率D、利息保障倍数答案:B5.下列各项中不属于财务分析中因素分析法特征的是;A、因素分解的关联性B、顺序替代的连环性C、分析结果的准确性D、因素替代的顺序性答案:C6. 资产负债表所揭示的财务信息不包括;A、企业的资金来源B、资产数量和结构C、资产和负债的对照关系D、资产的营运能力答案:D7. 通常与因素分析法密不可分的是;A、指标计算B、指标分析C、指标分解D、指标预测答案:C8. 企业利润的来源中,未来可持续性最强的是;A、主营业务利润B、投资收益C、营业外收支D、资产价值变动损益答案:A9. 对企业今后的生存发展至关重要的是;A、营业收入的区域构成B、营业收入的品种构成C、关联方收入的比重D、行政手段增加的营业收入答案:B10. 不影响资产管理效果的财务比率是;A、营业周期B、存货周转率C、应收账款周转率D、资产负债率答案:D11. 资产负债表定比分析与环比分析,属于资产负债表的;A、质量分析B、比率分析C、趋势分析D、因素分析答案:C12. 作为企业贷款债权人,最关心的是企业的;A、偿债能力B、营运能力C、获利能力D、增长能力答案:A13. 确定影响因素、衡量其影响程度、查明指标变动原因的分析方法是;A、趋势分析法B、比率分析法C、差异分析法D、因素分析法答案:D14. 财务报表分析的主要依据是;A、会计凭证B、会计账簿C、财务报表D、原始凭证答案:C15. 为了弥补会计报表提供信息的局限性,解决的最佳途径是;A、尽可能扩大信息来源B、搜集的信息少而精C、利用非财务信息D、利用媒体信息答案:A多项选择题1. 企业的收入包括等多种类别;A、投资收入B、其他业务收入C、补贴收入D、营业外收入E、主营业务收入答案:ABCDE2.影响应收账款周转率下降的原因主要是;A、赊销的比率B、客户故意拖延C、企业的收账政策D、客户财务困难E、企业的信用政策答案:BDE3.影响企业资产周转率的因素包括;A、资产的管理力度B、经营周期的长短C、资产构成及其质量D、企业所采用的财务政策E、所处行业及其经营背景答案:ABCDE4.下列项目属于无形资产范围;A、非专利技术B、商标C、土地使用权D、专利权E、商誉答案:ABCDE5.财务分析地位的重要性主要体现在;A、业务结构的复杂化B、财务信息的专业化C、企业的公众化D、组织形式的复杂化E、社会分工的细致化答案:ABCD6.决定企业货币资金持有量的因素有;A、企业规模B、所在行业特性C、企业负债结构D、企业资产结构E、企业融资能力答案:ABCE7.财务报表分析要按照严格的程序进行,其程序包括;A、调整财务报表有关信息B、搜集整理和核实资料C、编制分析报告D、选择分析方法E、明确分析目的、内容、范围和重点答案:BCDE8.下列利润来源中,数额比例大,则可以说明企业利润质量较低的科目有;A、营业利润B、投资收益C、营业外收入D、补贴收入E、以前年度利润调整答案:BCDE9.企业的期间费用包括;A、销售费用B、原材料费用C、管理费用D、财务费用E、直接人工答案:ACD10.下列各项中,放弃使用比较分析法的场合有;A、基准金额为很大的正数B、基准金额为很小的正数C、基准金额为零D、基准金额为负数E、基准金额为相对数答案:BCD11.贷款债权人最关心其债权的安全,一般包括;A、贷款的用途B、贷款的如期收回C、利息的按期偿付D、企业的利润率E、外汇支付能力答案:ABC12.企业销售商品收入需要同时满足的条件包括;A、商品所有权上的主要风险和报酬已转移给购货方B、企业保留与所有权相联系的继续管理权,也对已销售出的商品能实施有效的控制C、收入的金额能够可靠地计量D、相关的经济利益很可能流入企业E、相关的已发生或将发生的成本能够可靠的计量答案:ACDE13.比较分析法包括;A、横向比较法B、纵向比较法C、连环替代法D、比率分析法答案:AB14.下列关于财务风险的说法正确的有;A、财务风险是由于经理经营不善引起的B、财务杠杆放大了资产报酬变化对普通股收益的影响,财务杠杆系数越高,财务风险越大C、只要存在固定性资本成本,就存在财务杠杆效应D、在其他因素一定的情况下,固定财务费用越高,财务杠杆系数越大答案:BCD判断题1.当利息为0时,财务杠杆系数为1;答案:正确2.产品生命周期中,销售额及利润额的变化表现为类似抛物线型的曲线;答案:错误3.母公司占用上市公司巨额资金会导致上市公司的盈利能力、资产质量和偿债能力出现下降的趋势;答案:正确简答题企业财务信息的用户都有哪些他们要提供的主要财务信息是什么答案: 企业财务信息的用户主要包括:投资人、债权人、政府和企业本身四个方面;1投资人:投资收益率是他们最关心和重视的财务信息;他们也需要了解总资产收益率、销售利润率、资产保值、增殖率等;投资人对股份制企业的投资,还需要了解资金持有股票的市场价值;2债权人:贷款债权人最关心的是债权的安全,包括贷款到期收回和利息的偿付;商业债权人最关心的是企业准时偿还贷款的能力;包括流动比率、速动比率和现金比率等;3政府出于宏观经济管理、对市场和企业的经济行为进行监管以及国有企业管理的需要出发,要求企业提供所需的财务信息;4企业本身:出于经营决策和未来发展的需要,必须了解各种财务信息;计算题某企业全部流动资产为20万元,流动资产比率为,速动比率为1,最近刚刚发生以下业务:1销售产品一批,销售收入3万元,款项尚未收到,销售成本尚未结转;2用银行存款归还应付账款万元;3应收账款万元,无法收回,作坏帐处理;4购入材料一批,价值1万元,其中60%为赊购,开出应付票据支付;5以银行存款购入设备一台,价值2万元,安装完毕,交付使用;要求:计算每笔业务发生后的流动比率与速动比率;答案:业务发生前流动资产20万元,流动资产比率为,速动比率为1,所以, 流动负债=流动资产÷流动负债=20÷=8万元速动资产=流动负债×速动比率=8×1=8万元1业务发生后,产生应收账款3万元,由于销售成本尚未结转,故账面存货未少; 所以,流动比率=20+3÷8=,速动比率=8+3÷8=2业务发生后,银行存款和应收账款同时减少万元; 流动比率=÷=3,速动比率=÷=3应收账款万元作坏账处理,应收账款减少万元; 流动比率=÷=,速动比率=÷=4业务发生后,材料增加1万元,减少万元银行存款,增加万元应收票据; 流动比率=+÷+=, 速动比率=÷+=5业务发生后,固定资产增加2万元,但不属于流动资产,银行存款减少2万元; 流动比率=÷=,速动比率=÷=;。

《财务报表》2023期末试题及答案

《财务报表》2023期末试题及答案

《财务报表》2023期末试题及答案财务报表 2023期末试题及答案
试题一
1. 请列出财务报表的基本要素。

答:财务报表的基本要素包括资产、负债、所有者权益、收入和费用。

2. 解释财务报表的目的是什么?
答:财务报表的目的是向利益相关方提供关于企业财务状况和经营成果的信息。

3. 财务报表包括哪些主要的报表?
答:财务报表包括资产负债表、利润表、现金流量表和所有者权益变动表。

试题二
1. 什么是资产负债表?它有哪些主要的元素?
答:资产负债表是展示企业在某一特定时间点财务状况的报表。

其主要元素包括资产、负债和所有者权益。

2. 解释利润表的作用是什么?
答:利润表用于展示企业在一定期间内的收入、费用和利润情况,以反映企业经营的盈利能力。

3. 现金流量表是用来展示什么信息的?
答:现金流量表用于展示企业在一定期间内现金流入和流出的
情况,以帮助分析企业的现金流动性。

试题三
1. 所有者权益变动表是用来展示什么信息的?
答:所有者权益变动表用于展示企业在一定期间内所有者权益
的变动情况,如新增或减少的股本、盈余分配等。

2. 解释财务比率分析的重要性是什么?
答:财务比率分析用于评估企业的财务状况和经营绩效,为利益相关方提供决策和投资依据。

3. 解释财务报表的关键假设是什么?
答:财务报表编制过程中的关键假设包括会计实体假设、会计基期假设和持续经营假设。

以上是财务报表2023期末试题及答案。

祝你学习顺利!。

第十一章会计习题

第十一章会计习题

第十一章判断T11-1财务会计报告,又称财务报告,由会计报表、会计报表附注和财务情况说明书组成。

√T11-2 财务报表的编制基础是持续经营。

√T11-3为了充分发挥财务报告的作用,应当定期向投资者、债权人、有关的政府部门以及其他报表使用者提供财务报告。

√T11-4 企业在编制会计报表前,一般应该进行账证核对、账账核对、账实核对,并进行期末账项调整,以保证会计信息的有用性。

√T11-5 披露财务报表就可以不披露报表附注,或者披露了报表附注就可以不披露财务报表。

×T11-6 会计报表一般都是比较会计报表。

√T11-7资产负债表是依据“资产=负债+所有者权益”恒等式设计的。

√T11-8资产负债表是反映企业在某一特定期间财务状况的报表.×T11-9资产负债表是动态报表.×T11-10资产负债表的资产按流动性大小排序:流动性小的资产排在前面,流动性大的排在后面。

×T11-11资产负债表的格式有单步式和多步式。

×T11-12资产负债表中的“存货”项目应根据“原材料”、“库存商品”等账户的期末余额合计数填列。

√T11-13在任何情况下,“应收账款”项目都是根据“应收账款”总账的期末余额填列的。

×T11-14 利润表是“收入-费用=利润”的扩展形式。

√T11-15 利润表是反映企业在某一日期经营成果及其分配情况的报表。

×T11-16 在没有增资、减资或利润分配的情况下,企业年度利润表中“利润总额”应该和年末与年初净资产的差额相等。

√T11-17利润表中的净利润一般是指企业利润总额扣除所得税以后的差额.√T11-18 利润表中的本年累计净利润应与“本年利润”账户的期末余额相等。

√T11-19“税金及附加”项目是根据“税金及附加”账户的期末余额填列的。

×T11-20现金流量表是指反映企业在某一时点上的现金及现金等价物流入和流出情况的会计报表。

财务管理 第十一章 财务分析答案

财务管理  第十一章 财务分析答案

第十一章财务分析1,已知某公司2001年会计报表的有关资料如下:资料金额单位:万元要求:(1)计算杜邦财务分析体系中的下列指标(凡计算指标涉及资产负债表项目数据的,均按平均数计算)①净资产收益率②总资产收益率(保留三位小数)③营业净利率④总资产周转率(保留三位小数)⑤权益乘数(2)用文字列出净资产收益率与上述其他各项指标之间的关系式,并用本题数据加以验证。

答案:(1)①净资产收益率=500/[(3500+4000)/2]×100%=13.33%②总资产收益率=500/[(8000+10000)/2]×100%=5.556%③营业净利率=500/20000×100%=2.5%④总资产周转率=20000/[(8000+10000)/2]×100%=2.222(次)⑤权益乘数=[(10000+8000)/2]/ [(4000+3500)/2]=2.4(2) 净资产收益率=营业净利率×总资产周转率×权益乘数=2.5%×2.222×2.4=13.33%2,某公司××年度简化的资产负债表如下:资产负债表××公司××年12月31日单位:万元其他有关财务指标如下:(1)长期负债与所有者权益之比:0.5(2)销售毛利率:10%(3)存货周转率(存货按年末数计算):9次(4)平均收现期(应收账款按年末数,一年按360天计算):18天(5)总资产周转率(总资产按年末数计算):2.5次要求:利用上述资料,在答题卷填充该公司资产负债表的空白部分,并列示所填数据的计算过程。

答案:所有者权益=100+100=200长期负债=200×0.5=100负债及所有者权益合计=200+100+100=400资产合计=负债及所有者权益合计=400销售收入=2.5×400=1000应收账款=18×1000/360=50(销售收入-销售成本)/销售收入=10%,销售成本=900存货=900/9=100固定资产=400-50-50-100=2003,某商业企业2006年度营业收入为2000万元,营业成本为1600万元,年初、年末应收账款余额分别为200万元和400万元,年初、年末存货余额分别为200万元和600万元,年末速动比率为1.2,年末现金与流动负债的比为0.7。

财务报表分析练习题库+参考答案

财务报表分析练习题库+参考答案

财务报表分析练习题库+参考答案一、单选题(共60题,每题1分,共60分)1、资产负债表的附表是()A、分部报表B、利润分配表C、财务报表附注D、应交增值税明细表正确答案:D2、依据财务杠杆法对净资产收益率进行分解的公式,影响净资产收益率的因素不包括()A、负债利息率B、营业利润率C、负债占净资产的比重D、资产收益率正确答案:B3、在正常情况下,如果同期银行存款利率为5%,那么市盈率应为()A、25B、20C、30D、10正确答案:B4、关于产权比率的计算,下列正确的是()。

A、所有者权益/负债B、负债/(负债一资产)C、资产令负债/(1一资产一负债)D、负债/所有者权益正确答案:D5、某企业2008年主营业务收入净额为36000万元,流动资产平均余额为4000万元,固定资产平均余额为8000万元。

假定没有其他资产,则该企业2008年的总资产周转率为()次。

A、3B、3.2D、2.9正确答案:A6、在计算总资产周转率时使用的收人指标是()A、主营业务收人B、其他业务收入C、投资收入D、补贴收人正确答案:A7、企业()时,可以增加流动资产的实际变现能力A、取得应收票据贴现款B、为其他单位提供债务担保C、拥有较多的长期资产D、有可动用的银行贷款指标正确答案:D8、当销售利润率一定时,投资报酬率的高低直接取决于()A、投资收益的大小B、销售收人的多少C、营业利润的高低D、资产周转率的快慢正确答案:D9、在利息偿付倍数指标中,利息费用是指本期发生的全部应付利息,不仅包括计人财务费用的利息费用,还应包括()A、购建固定资产而发行债券的当年利息B、银行存款利息收人C、汇兑损溢D、固定资产已投人使用之后的应付债券利息正确答案:A10、假设夏华公司下一年度的净资产收益目标为16%,产权比率为45%,则其资产净利润率应达到()%oA、8.8B、11.03C、16正确答案:B11、某企业的流动资产为36000o元,长期资产为480000o元,流动负债为元,长期负债780000元,则资产负债率为()20500oA、16.25%B、15.12%C、20.52%D、19.09%正确答案:D12、当出现()情况时,一般表示企业流动资产的实际变现能力要比财务报表项目所反映的变现能力要好一些。

财务报表分析试题题库与答案

财务报表分析试题题库与答案

财务报表分析试题题库与答案一、选择题1.下列关于财务报表的说法中,不恰当的是()。

[单选题] *A.一套完整的财务报表至少应当包括资产负债表、利润表、现金流量表和所有者权益(或股东权益)变动表√B.资产负债表反映企业在某一特定日期的财务状况C.利润表反映企业在一定会计期间的经营成果D.所有者权益变动表反映构成所有者权益各组成部分当期增减变动情况2.在填列资产负债表时,根据几个总账科目余额计算填列的是()。

[单选题] *A.应收账款B.货币资金√C.预付款项D.固定资产3.下列各项中,应根据有关科目余额减去其备抵科目余额后的净额填列的是()。

[单选题] *A.短期借款B.货币资金C.长期借款D.在建工程√4.2019年12月31日,A公司有关科目余额如下:“工程物资”科目的借方余额为100万元,“发出商品”科目借方余额为300万元,“生产成本”科目借方余额为200万元,“原材料”科目借方余额为50万元,“委托加工物资”科目借方余额为40万元,“材料成本差异”科目的贷方余额为20万元,“存货跌价准备”科目贷方余额为10万元,“受托代销商品”科目借方余额为150万元,“受托代销商品款”科目贷方余额为150万元,则2019年12月31日,A公司资产负债表中“存货”项目“期末余额”的列报金额为()万元。

[单选题] *A.660B.260C.560√D.3605.下列关于企业的固定资产在资产负债表中填列的方法的表述中正确的是()。

[单选题] *A.固定资产期末余额-累计折旧期末余额-固定资产减值准备期末余额+固定资产清理期末余额√B.固定资产期末余额+固定资产清理期末余额C.固定资产期末余额+在建工程期末余额D.固定资产期末余额+工程物资期末余额6.如果企业有一年内到期的长期待摊费用,则应当在资产负债表()项目下列示。

[单选题] *A.长期待摊费用B.其他流动资产C.一年内到期的非流动资产√D.一年内到期的非流动负债7.自资产负债表日起超过1年到期,且预计持有超过1年的,以公允价值计量且其变动计入当期损益的非流动金融资产的期末账面价值,应在()项目中反映。

财务报表分析试题及答案

财务报表分析试题及答案

财务报表分析试题及答案财务报表分析是一项重要的会计方法,用于评估企业经营情况和财务健康状况。

以下是一些常见的财务报表分析试题及其答案,帮助读者更好地理解和应用这一方法。

试题一:请解释财务报表分析的意义及其在企业管理中的作用。

答案:财务报表分析是通过对企业的财务报表进行解读和分析,以获取关于企业财务状况和经营绩效的信息。

它可以帮助管理层了解企业的盈利能力、偿债能力、经营效率等核心财务指标,进而做出决策和优化经营策略。

试题二:请简要介绍财务报表的主要内容和格式。

答案:财务报表通常包括资产负债表、利润表、现金流量表和所有者权益变动表。

其中,资产负债表展示了企业在特定日期的资产、负债和所有者权益;利润表反映了企业一段时间内的收入、成本和利润;现金流量表展示了企业一段时间内的现金流入和流出情况;所有者权益变动表反映了特定时间段内所有者权益的变动情况。

试题三:请列举并解释至少三个财务报表分析常用的指标。

答案:常用的财务报表分析指标包括盈利能力指标(如净利润率、毛利率)、偿债能力指标(如流动比率、速动比率)、经营效率指标(如应收账款周转率、存货周转率)等。

- 净利润率是指净利润占企业收入的比例,可以评估企业的盈利能力。

高净利润率意味着企业盈利能力较好。

- 流动比率是指企业流动资产与流动负债的比例,可以衡量企业偿债能力。

较高的流动比率意味着企业具备较强的偿债能力。

- 应收账款周转率是指企业一年内应收账款的结算次数,可以反映企业的应收账款管理状况和经营效率。

较高的周转率意味着企业能够迅速回收应收账款。

试题四:请简要描述财务报表分析的步骤。

答案:财务报表分析的步骤如下:1. 收集财务报表和其他相关资料。

2. 进行财务报表的基本分析,包括了解报表内容、格式以及各项指标的计算方法。

3. 进行财务比率分析,计算并解读盈利能力、偿债能力、运营能力等指标。

4. 进行趋势分析,对企业数年的财务数据进行比较,找出规律和变化趋势,并评估其对企业发展的影响。

财务报表分析试题和答案

财务报表分析试题和答案

财务报表分析试题和答案多选:A:5.按照用以比较的指标数据的形式不同,比较分析法可分为(全部)A.绝对数指标的比较B.构成指数的比较 C相对数指标的比较 D.动态指数的比较 E.平均数指标的比较C:3.财务报表分析的基本资料包括:(全部)A.资产负债表B.利润表 C.现金流量表 D.所有者权益变动表 E.报表附注27.长期偿债能力分析对于不同的报表信息使用者有着重要意义,对此理解正确的是(全部)A.管理者通过长期偿债能力分析有利于优化资本结构B.管理者通过长期偿债能力分析有利于降低财务风险C.股东通过长期偿债能力分析可以判断企业投资的安全性D.股东通过长期偿债能力分析可以判断企业投资的盈利性E.债权人通过长期偿债能力分析可以判断债权的安全程度54.财务报表分析报告的撰写步骤包括( ABCD )A.收集整理资料B.撰写初稿C.修改定稿D.报送或发表E.收集反馈,再次报送或发表55.财务报表分析报告的主要撰写方法中问题引导法的优点包括( BD )A.报告内容完整B.重点突出C.条理清晰D.格式新颖E.逻辑性较强D:7.对应收账款的分析应从以下几个方面进行( ABC ) A.应收账款的规模 B.应收账款的质量 C.坏账准备政策的影响22.短期偿债能力的评价方法有( ABE )A.评价流动负债和流动资产的数量关系B.评价资产的流动性C.评价负债的流动性D.比较一年内产生的债务和产生的现金流出E.比较一年内产生的债务和产生的现金流入26.对应收账款周转率正确计算有较大影响的因素有:( ABCE )A.季节性经营的企业使用这个指标时不能反映实际情况B.大量使用分期付款结算方式C.大量的销售为现销D.企业提高应收账款回收效率E. 年末销售大幅度上升或下降40.对净资产收益率进行深入分析评价,可以使用的方法包括( CDE )A.杜邦分析法B.财务杠杆分析法C.因素分析法D.趋势分析法E.同业比较分析法42.杜邦分析法是一个多层次的财务比率分解体系。

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第十一章财务报表试题及答案
一、单项选择题
1、资产负债表中资产的排列顺序是()。

A、收益率高的资产排在前
B、重要的资产排在前
C、流动性强的资产排在前
D、非货币性资产排在前
2、下列只需要在年度报送的财务报表是()。

A、利润表
B、现金流量表
C、利润分配表
D、资产负债表
3、编制资产负债表依据的会计等式是()。

A、收入–费用=利润
B、现金流入–现金流出=现金净流量
C、资产+费用=负债+所有者权益+收入
D、资产=负债+所有者权益
4、下列选项中,反映资产负债表内有关资产项目排列顺序的是()。

A、流动资产、长期股权投资、固定资产、递延所得税资产、无形资产
B、流动资产、固定资产、长期投资、无形资产、递延所得税资产
C、流动资产、长期股权投资、递延所得税资产、固定资产、无形资产
D、流动资产、长期股权投资、固定资产、无形资产、递延所得税资产
5、资产负债表的左方反映()。

A、资产
B、负债
C、所有者权益
D、权益
6、下列选项中,反映资产负债表内有关所有者权益项目排列顺序的是()。

A、实收资本、盈余公积、资本公积、未分配利润
B、实收资本、资本公积、盈余公积、未分配利润
C、实收资本、资本公积、未分配利润、盈余公积
D、实收资本、未分配利润、资本公积、盈余公积
7、资产负债表中,根据总分类账户的期末余额直接填列的项目有()
A、固定资产原价
B、货币资金
C、存货
D、未分配利润
8、资产负债表是反映企业特定()财务状况的会计报表。

A、期间
B、时期
C、时间
D、日期
9、下列资产负债表项目中,应根据多个账户期末余额相加填制的是()。

A、存货
B、应收账款净额
C、固定资产净额
D、累计折旧
10、资产负债表是反映企业()的会计报表。

A、财务状况
B、财务成本
C、现金流量
D、经营成果
11、资产负债表编制的基础是()。

A、发生额试算平衡公式
B、余额试算平衡公式
C、基本的会计等式
D、扩展的会计等式
12、资产负债表中的“应付账款“项目,应根据()填列。

A、“应付账款”总分类账户的期末余额
B、“应付账款”总分类账户所属各明细分类账户的期末余额
C、“应付账款”和“预付账款”总分类账户所属各明细分类账户的期末贷方余额的合计数
D、“应付账款”和“预付账款”总分类账户所属各明细分类账户的期末借方余额的合计数
13、资产负债表中的“应收账款”项目,应根据()填列。

A、“应收账款”总分类账户的期末余额
B、“应收账款”总分类账户所属各明细分类账户的期末余额
C、“应收账款”和“应付账款”总分类账户的本期借方余额的差额
D、“应收账款”和“预收账款”总分类账户所属各明细分类账户的期末借方余额的合计数
14、资产负债表的“所有者权益”项目中,不包括()。

A、实收资本
B、应付股利
C、盈余公积
D、未分配利润
15、某企业“应收账款”总账的借方余额为2400元,包括“应收账款—A公司”明细账的借方余额1500元,“应收账款—B公司”明细账的借方余额1200,“应收账款—C公司”明细账的贷方余额300元。

如果不考虑其他因素的影响,资产负债表中的“应收账款“项目的金额为()元。

A、2400
B、2700
C、300
D、5100
16、某企业“库存现金“总账的借方余额为3500元,“银行存款—工行”明细账的余额为360000元,“银行存款—建行”明细账的余额为
210000元。

如果不考虑其他因素,资产负债表中“货币资金”项目的金额为()元。

A、3500
B、363500
C、570000
D、573500
17根据我国统一会计制度的规定,企业资产负债表的格式是()。

A、报告式
B、账户式
C、多步式
D、单步式
18、利润表的项目共分为四个层次,其排列顺序是()。

A、主营业务利润、营业利润、利润总额、净利润
B、营业利润、主营业务利润、利润总额、净利润
C、主营业务利润、营业利润、净利润、利润总额
D、净利润、利润总额、净利润、利润总额
19、在利润表中,从利润总额中减去(),为企业的净利润。

A、提取公益金
B、股利分配数
C、提取盈余公积数
D、所得税费用
20、财务报表编制的依据是()
A、原始凭证
B、记账凭证
C、账簿记录
D、汇总记账凭证
二、判断题
1、财务报表应当根据经过审核的会计账簿记录和有关资料编制。

()
2、资产负债表中的“流动资产”各项目是按照资产的流动性由弱到强排列的。

()
3、资产负债表的“期末数”栏各项目主要是根据总账或有关明细账
期末贷方余额直接填列的。

()
4、利润扣减管理费用、销售费用、财务费用和所得税后得到净利润。

()
5、根据利润表,可以分析、评估企业的盈利状况,了解预测企业未来的损益变化趋势及获利能力。

()
6、资产负债表属于静态报表,利润表属于动态报表。

()
7、企业对外的会计报表都是按月、按季、按年定期编制的。

()
8、会计报表附注和财务情况说明书都是企业财务会计报告的有机组成部分。

()
9、利润表中的“本期数”即本期实际发生数,它不包括上期。

()
10、会计等式“收入–费用=利润”是编制利润表的基础。

()
第八章答案
一、单项选择题答案
1、C
2、C
3、D
4、D
5、A
6、B
7、A
8、D
9、A10、A11、C12、C13、D14、B 15、B16、D17、B18、A19、D20、C
二、判断题答案
1、√
2、×
3、×
4、×
5、√
6、√
7、×
8、√
9、×10、√。

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