2022年考研考博-考博英语-厦门大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：55

2022年考研考博-考博英语-厦门大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析
AB卷（带答案）
一.综合题(共15题)
1.
单选题
You could refuse to_______your Social Security number except for Social Security purposes,which is all that the law requires.
问题1选项
A.expound
B.divulge
C.apprehend
D.unriddle
【答案】B
【解析】expound详细说明, 解释; divulge泄露, 暴露; apprehend领会, 理解; unriddle阐明。

句意：你可以拒绝透露你的社会保险号，除非是出于社会保障的目的，这是法律的规定。

选项B符合句意。

2.
案例题
As researchers learn more about how children's intelligence develops, they are increasingly surprised by the power of parents. The power of the school has been replaced by the home. To begin with, ail the factors which are part of intelligence — the child's understanding of language, learning patterns, curiosity—are established well before the child enters school at the age of six. Study after study has shown that even after school begins, children's achievements have been far more influenced by parents than by teachers. This is particularly true about learning that is language-related. The school rather than the home is given credit for variations in achievement in subjects such as science.
In view of their power it's sad to see so many parents not making the most of their child's intelligence. Until recently parents had been warned by educators who asked them not to educate their children. Many teachers now realize that children cannot be educated only at school and parents are being asked to contribute both before and after the child enters school.
Parents have been particularly afraid to teach reading at home. Of course, children shouldn't be pushed to read by their parents, but educators have discovered that reading is best [aught individually一and the easiest place to do this is at home. Many four and five-year-olds who have been shown a few letters and taught their sounds will compose single words of their own with them even before they have been taught to read.
1.What have researchers found out about the influence of parents and the school on children's intelligence?
2.What do researchers conclude about children's learning patterns?
3.In which area may school play a more important role?
4.Why did many parents fail to make the most of their children's intelligence?
5.The author suggests in the last paragraph that parents should be encouraged to .
【答案】1.Parents have greater influence than school.
2.They are established well at the age of six.
3.Subject such as science.
4.They were warned by educators not to educate their children.
5.teach reading at home.
【解析】1.根根据第一段第四句" Study after study has shown that even after school begins, children's achievements have been far more influenced by parents than by teachers. "一项又一项研究表明, 即使在开学后, 孩子们的成绩也更多地受到父母的影响, 而不是老师的影响。

2.根据第一段第三句"To begin with, all the factors ... are established well before the child enters school at the age of six."在儿童六岁入学之前, 所有与智力相关的因素, 如儿童对语言的理解力、学习模式、好奇心都已经确定。

3.根据第一段最后一句" The school rather than the home is given credit for variations in achievement in subjects such as science. "在诸如科学这类科目中取得成就时, 受到称赞的是学校而非家庭。

4.根据第二段的第二句"Until recently, parents had been warned by educators who asked them not to educate their children."直到最近, 教育学家还告诫父母不要教育他们的孩子。

5.根据最后一段的第二句"...children shouldn't be ... to do this is at home. "当然, 父母不应
该强迫孩子阅读, 但教育工作者发现, 阅读是最好的个别化教学, 而最容易的地方是在家里。

作者其实是鼓励父母在家里教孩子阅读。

3.
单选题
By 1817 the United States Confess had_______all internal taxes and was relying on tariffs on imported goods to provide sufficient revenues to run the government.
问题1选项
A.allocated
B.distributed
C.eliminated
D.collected
【答案】C
【解析】allocated分配; distributed分发; eliminated忽略, 除去; collected收集。

句意：到1817年, 美国承认取消了所有的国内税收, 运行政府依靠进口商品的关税来提供足够的收入。

选项C符合句意。

4.
单选题
Many economists believed that______consumers would cut spending once the value of their homes began to fall.
问题1选项
A.overstretched
B.oversaturated
C.overproduced
D.overpopulated
【答案】A
【解析】overstretched过度延伸的，指系统或组织被迫过度运作的；oversaturated过饱和的；overproduce过度生产的；overpopulated人口过密的，人口过剩的。

句意：许多经济学家认为，一旦房价开始下跌，超负荷的消费者就会削减支出。

选项A符合句意。

5.
单选题
Language, culture, and personality may be considered_______of each other in thought, but they arc inseparable in fact.
问题1选项
A.indistinctly
B.separately
C.irrelevantly
D.independently
【答案】D
【解析】indistinctly不清楚地, 分不清地; separately分别地, 分离地; irrelevantly无关地, 不相干地; independently独立地。

句意：语言、文化和人格在思想上可以相互独立, 但实际上是不可分割的。

选项D符合句意。

6.
单选题
If a cat comes too close to its nest, the mockingbird_______a set of actions to protect its offspring.
问题1选项
A.hastens
B.releases
C.devises
D.initiates
【答案】D
【解析】hastens加速, 催促; releases释放, 放松; devises设计, 想出; initiates发起, 开始。

句意：如果一只猫离知更鸟的巢太近, 它就会采取一系列行动来保护它的后代。

选项D符合句意。

7.
单选题
A completely new situation will_______when the new examination system comes into existence. 问题1选项
A.rise
B.raise
C.arise
D.arouse
【答案】C
【解析】句意：当新的考试制度出现时, 将会出现一个全新的局面。

rise提高, 上升; raise筹集, 养育; arise出现, 上升; arouse引起, 唤起。

只有选项C有出现, 产生的意思。

所以本题选C。

8. 单选题
The bureau develops and implements US foreign economic policy and tries to_______America's economic interests with its foreign policy.
问题1选项
A.undertake
B.resolve
C.obey
D.reconcile
【答案】D
【解析】undertake承担,保证; resolve决心; obey服从; reconcile使和解, 使一致。

句意：该局制定和实施美国的对外经济政策, 并努力使美国的经济利益与其外交政策相协调。

选项D符合句意。

9.
单选题
What small businesses need to learn from larger competitors is how developing a dynamic learning environment _______innovation, strengthens market position, and develops a true competitive advantage.
问题1选项
A.propels
B.restrains
C.prescribes
D.improvises
【答案】A
【解析】propel推进, 驱使；restrain抑制, 制止；prescribe规定, 开处方; improvise临时准备，即兴创作。

句意：小企业需要向大的竞争对手学习的是如何开发一个动态的学习环境来推动改革、巩固市
场地位，并发展真正的竞争优势。

选项A符合句意。

10.
单选题
As marketers increase their communication through both print and electronic channels,the opportunity for _______is growing rapidly.
问题1选项
A.fraud
B.jargon
C.pledge
D.motivation
【答案】A
【解析】fraud欺诈, 骗子; jargon行话; pledge保证, 许诺, 抵押; motivation 动机。

句意：当营销人员通过印刷和电子渠道加强沟通的时候，也为欺诈行为提供了快速增长的机会。

选项A符合句意。

11.
单选题
The chances of infection of BSE or "mad-cow disease" may be slight, but that does not stop people_______beef en masse.
问题1选项
A.shunning
B.ignoring
C.disregarding
D.affronting
【答案】A
【解析】shun避开, 避免; ignore不理睬,忽视; disregard漠视; affront公开侮辱，冒犯。

句意：感染疯牛病的概率是很小的，但这并不能阻止人们大量食用牛肉。

选项A符合句意。

12.
单选题
.Any Democratic president will try to_______the United States from the mess in Iraq,yet all would face rigid constraints.
问题1选项
A.knockout
B.distinguish
C.overture
D.extricate
【答案】D
【解析】knockout击倒; distinguish区别,辨别; overture作动词意为建议; extricate使摆脱,解救。

句意：任何一位民主党总统都将试图把美国从伊拉克的混乱中解救出来, 但所有人都将面临严格的约束。

选项D符合句意。

13.
案例题
Everybody wastes time. Instead of doing his homework, the schoolboy watches television. Instead of writing her essay the student goes out with her friends. They all have good intentions, but they keep putting off the moment when they must start work. As a consequence, they begin to feel guilty, and then waste even more time wishing they had not allowed themselves to be distracted.
When someone else is organizing our time for us, as for instance during lessons or working
hours, we do not necessarily work more efficiently, but at least we are subject to the discipline of a routine. It is when we are responsible for organizing our own time that the need for self-discipline arises.
I know two writers who seem to work in quite different ways. Bob is extremely methodical. He arrives at his office at 9 a.m. and is creative until 12:30. At 2 p.m. he returns to his desk and is creative until 5 p.m., when he goes home and switches off until the following morning. Alan, on the other hand, works in inspired bursts, often missing meals and sleep in order to get his ideas down on paper. Such periods of intense activity are usually followed by days when he potters around his flat, listening to Mozart and flicking through magazines.
Their places of work reflect their styles. Bob's books are neatly arranged on the shelves; he can always find the books he wants. Alan, on the other hand, has books and magazines all over the place. They are about every subject under the sun, mostly unconnected with his work. All the same he has a knack of making use of the unlikely information to illuminate his books.
1.People often waste their time by （） .
2.Self-discipline is needed when one（） .
3.Why does the author say Bob is extremely methodical?
4.Alan often goes without meals and sleep when（） .
5.Alan reads a great variety of books and magazines, so that（）.
【答案】1.spar for time.
2.arrange time for himself.
3.Because Bob always arranges well with his daily schedule and working tools.
4.Allen needs to burst into thoughts and record it down, he doesn't eat nor sleep.
5.spark inspiration.
【解析】1.根据第一段的第四句"They all have good intentions, but they keep putting off the moment when they must start work."人们通过拖延时间而浪费时间。

2.根据第二段的最后一句"It is when we are responsible for organizing our own time that the need for self-discipline arises."当我们组织自己的时间时, 自律的产生就很有必要了。

3.根据第三段的内容可知：Bob的生活特别规律, 他把自己的作息时间和工作安排的井并有条, 所以作者说鲍勃是一个非常有条理的人。

4.根据第三段的倒数第二句"Alan, on the other hand, works in inspired bursts, often missing meals and sleep in order to get his ideas down on paper."艾伦的作品灵感迸发, 经常为了把自己的想法写在纸上而错过吃饭和睡觉。

5.根据最后一段的最后一句"All the same he has a knack of making use of the unlikely information to illuminate his books."尽管如此, 他还是有办法利用这些不太可能的信息来照亮他的书。

也就是说以便激发灵感。

14.
单选题
I personally am offended by what they have tried to do in a very misleading way with,what I've said about two of my personal_______, President Kennedy and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
问题1选项
A.resemblance
B.statues
C.icons
D.parable
【答案】C
【解析】resemblance相似之处; statue雕像; icon偶像, 崇拜对象; parable寓意,比喻。

句意：就我个人而言, 我对他们试图以一种非常具有误导性的方式对待肯尼迪总统和马丁•路德•金博士的事感到很愤怒, 而我讲过这两个人是我的偶像。

选项C符合句意。

15.
单选题
In 1914, an apparently insignificant event in a remote pan of Eastern Europe_______Europe into a great war.
问题1选项
A.pitched
B.imposed
C.inserted
D.plunged
【答案】D
【解析】pitched倾斜; 投掷; imposed强加的; inserted插入; plunged投入, 陷入。

句意：1914年, 东欧一个偏远地区发生的一件显然无关紧要的事件使欧洲陷入了一场大战。

选项D符合句意。